Directional Power Sensors

Operation Manual

Model 5009, 5010B, and 5014

Copyright 2016 by Bird Electronic Corporation

Instruction Book Part Number 920-5010S Rev. D
BirdDirectionalPowerSensors

Safety Precautions

Thefollowingaregeneralsafetyprecautionsthatarenotnecessarilyrelatedto
anyspecificpartorprocedure,anddonotnecessarilyappearelsewhereinthis
publication.Theseprecautionsmustbethoroughlyunderstoodandapplytoall
phasesofoperationandmaintenance.

WARNING
KeepAwayFromLiveCircuits
OperatingPersonnelmustatalltimesobservegeneralsafetyprecautions.Do
notreplacecomponentsormakeadjustmentstotheinsideofthetest
equipmentwiththehighvoltagesupplyturnedon.Toavoidcasualties,always
removepower.

WARNING
ShockHazard
DonotattempttoremovetheRFtransmissionlinewhileRFpowerispresent.

WARNING
DoNotServiceOrAdjustAlone
Undernocircumstancesshouldanypersonreachintoanenclosureforthe
purposeofserviceoradjustmentofequipmentexceptinthepresenceof
someonewhoiscapableofrenderingaid.

WARNING
SafetyEarthGround
Anuninterruptibleearthsafetygroundmustbesuppliedfromthemain
powersourcetotestinstruments.Groundingoneconductorofatwo
conductorpowercableisnotsufficientprotection.Seriousinjuryordeathcan
occurifthisgroundingisnotproperlysupplied.

WARNING
Resuscitation
Personnelworkingwithornearhighvoltagesshouldbefamiliarwithmodern
methodsofresuscitation.

WARNING
RemovePower
Observegeneralsafetyprecautions.Donotopentheinstrumentwiththe
poweron.

i
 SafetyPrecautions

Safety Symbols

WARNING
Warningnotescallattentiontoaprocedure,whichifnotcorrectlyperformed,
couldresultinpersonalinjury.

CAUTION
Cautionnotescallattentiontoaprocedure,whichifnotcorrectlyperformed,
couldresultindamagetotheinstrument.

Note: Callsattentiontosupplementalinformation.

Warning Statements

Thefollowingsafetywarningsappearinthetextwherethereisdangerto
operatingandmaintenancepersonnel,andarerepeatedhereforemphasis.

WARNING
LeakingRFenergyisapotentialhealthhazard.DONOTconnectordisconnect
equipmentfromthetransmissionlinewhileRFpowerisbeingapplied.Severe
burns,electricalshock,ordeathcanoccur.

Onpage2.

WARNING
NeverattempttoconnectordisconnectRFequipmentfromthetransmission
linewhileRFpowerisbeingapplied.
LeakingRFenergyisapotentialhealthhazard.

Onpage5.

WARNING
RFvoltagemaybepresentinRFelementsocket.Keepelementinsocket
duringoperation.

Onpage5.

ii
BirdDirectionalPowerSensors

Caution Statements

Thefollowingequipmentcautionsappearinthetextandarerepeatedherefor
emphasis.

CAUTION
Iftheelementcannotbefullyinsertedintothesocket,donotforceit.This
maydamagetheelement.

Onpage2.

Safety Statements

USAGE
ANY USE OF THIS INSTRUMENT IN A MANNER NOT SPECIFIED BY
THE MANUFACTURER MAY IMPAIR THE INSTRUMENTS SAFETY
PROTECTION.

USO
EL USO DE ESTE INSTRUMENTO DE MANERA NO ESPECIFICADA
POR EL FABRICANTE, PUEDE ANULAR LA PROTECCIN DE
SEGURIDAD DEL INSTRUMENTO.

BENUTZUNG
WIRD DAS GERT AUF ANDERE WEISE VERWENDET ALS VOM
HERSTELLER BESCHRIEBEN, KANN DIE GERTESICHERHEIT
BEEINTRCHTIGT WERDEN.

UTILISATION
TOUTE UTILISATION DE CET INSTRUMENT QUI NEST PAS
EXPLICITEMENT PRVUE PAR LE FABRICANT PEUT
ENDOMMAGER LE DISPOSITIF DE PROTECTION DE
LINSTRUMENT.

IMPIEGO
QUALORA QUESTO STRUMENTO VENISSE UTILIZZATO IN MODO
DIVERSO DA COME SPECIFICATO DAL PRODUTTORE LA
PROZIONE DI SICUREZZA POTREBBE VENIRNE COMPROMESSA.

iii
 SafetyPrecautions

SERVICE
SERVICING INSTRUCTIONS ARE FOR USE BY SERVICE - TRAINED
PERSONNEL ONLY. TO AVOID DANGEROUS ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO
NOT PERFORM ANY SERVICING UNLESS QUALIFIED TO DO SO.

SERVICIO
LAS INSTRUCCIONES DE SERVICIO SON PARA USO EXCLUSIVO
DEL PERSONAL DE SERVICIO CAPACITADO. PARA EVITAR EL
PELIGRO DE DESCARGAS ELCTRICAS, NO REALICE NINGN
SERVICIO A MENOS QUE EST CAPACITADO PARA HACERIO.

WARTUNG
ANWEISUNGEN FR DIE WARTUNG DES GERTES GELTEN NUR
FR GESCHULTES FACHPERSONAL.
ZUR VERMEIDUNG GEFHRLICHE, ELEKTRISCHE SCHOCKS, SIND
WARTUNGSARBEITEN AUSSCHLIELICH VON QUALIFIZIERTEM
SERVICEPERSONAL DURCHZUFHREN.

ENTRENTIEN
LEMPLOI DES INSTRUCTIONS DENTRETIEN DOIT TRE RSERV
AU PERSONNEL FORM AUX OPRATIONS DENTRETIEN. POUR
PRVENIR UN CHOC LECTRIQUE DANGEREUX, NE PAS
EFFECTUER DENTRETIEN SI LON NA PAS T QUALIFI POUR CE
FAIRE.

ASSISTENZA TECNICA
LE ISTRUZIONI RELATIVE ALLASSISTENZA SONO PREVISTE
ESCLUSIVAMENTE PER IL PERSONALE OPPORTUNAMENTE
ADDESTRATO. PER EVITARE PERICOLOSE SCOSSE ELETTRICHE
NON EFFETTUARRE ALCUNA RIPARAZIONE A MENO CHE
QUALIFICATI A FARLA.

iv
BirdDirectionalPowerSensors

RF VOLTAGE MAY BE PRESENT IN RF ELEMENT SOCKET - KEEP

ELEMENT IN SOCKET DURING OPERATION.

DE LA TENSION H.F. PEAT TRE PRSENTE DANS LA PRISE DE

L'LMENT H.F. - CONSERVER L'LMENT DANS LA PRISE LORS
DE L'EMPLOI.

HF-SPANNUNG KANN IN DER HF-ELEMENT-BUCHSE ANSTEHEN -

ELEMENT WHREND DES BETRIEBS EINGESTPSELT LASSEN.

PUEDE HABER VOLTAJE RF EN EL ENCHUFE DEL ELEMENTO RF -

MANTENGA EL ELEMENTO EN EL ENCHUFE DURANTE LA
OPERACION.

IL PORTAELEMENTO RF PU PRESENTARE VOLTAGGIO RF -

TENERE L'ELEMENTO NELLA PRESA DURANTE IL
FUNZIONAMENTO.

v
 AboutThisManual

About This Manual

Thismanualcoverstheoperatingandmaintenanceinstructionsforthe
followingmodels:

5009 5010B 5014

5010T

Changes to this Manual

Wehavemadeeveryefforttoensurethismanualisaccurate.Ifyoudiscoverany
errors,orifyouhavesuggestionsforimprovingthismanual,pleasesendyour
commentstoourSolon,Ohiofactory.Thismanualmaybeperiodicallyupdated.
Wheninquiringaboutupdatestothismanualrefertothepartnumberand
revisiononthetitlepage.

Chapter Layout

Introduction DescribesthefeaturesoftheDirectionalPowerSensorand
ElementTypes.
Installation DescribeshowtoconnectionandinstalltheDirectionalPower
Sensorintothesystemthatisbeingmonitored.
Specifications Describesthebasicinformation,settings,andrangesofthe
DigitalPowerSensor.

vi
 Table of Contents

Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i
SafetySymbols.................................................. ii
WarningStatements............................................. ii
CautionStatements.............................................. iii
SafetyStatements............................................... iii
About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
ChangestothisManual........................................... vi
ChapterLayout ................................................. vi
Chapter 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Description ..................................................... 1
ElementTypes.................................................. 1
43TypeElements ............................................ 1
APM/DPMElements.......................................... 1
ElementOrientation............................................. 2
ElementContactAlignment.................................... 2
Chapter 2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
UnpackingandInspection......................................... 4
ConnectingtheDirectionalPowerSensor(DPS)....................... 5
Chapter 3 Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5009Specifications.............................................. 8
5010B,5010TSpecifications...................................... 10
5014Specifications............................................. 12
CustomerService............................................... 14
Limited Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

vii
Chapter 1 Introduction

Description

TheDPSPowerSensorsareintendedforuseincoaxialtransmissionlinesof50
ohmnominalimpedance.Thesensorsutilizeelementsinordertomakepower
measurements.Eachelementhasanarrowonitthatrepresentsthedirectionin
whichitmeasurespower.Theelementsignorepowerintheoppositedirection
withadirectivityofatleast25dB.TheDPSseriescanmakepower
measurementsusingeither43typeorAPM/DPMelements,andthereadings
availablevary,basedonwhichelementsarebeingused.
SincetheDPSusestwoelements,itcanmeasurethequalityofthesystemby
comparingtheforwardandthereflectedpower.Thisisusuallypresentedinthe
formofVSWR(voltagestandingwaveratio)orReturnLoss.

Element Types

43 Type Elements

The43typeelementsarenormallyusedtomeasurepeakpower.These
elementscanmeasurethepeakpowerofasystemwithanaccuracyof+/8%of
fullscaleaslongasthesignalmeetsthefollowingrequirements:
Atleast15pulsespersecond(PPS
Minimumpulsewidthof15s(800nsiffrequencyisgreaterthan100
MHz)
MinimumDutyCycleof0.01%
Inaddition,43typeelementscanbeusedtomeasureaveragepowerinsignals
withapeaktoaverageratiocloseto1,likeaCWorFMsignals.Inthesecases,
theaveragepowerismeasuredwithanaccuracyof+/5%offullscale.

APM/DPM Elements

TheAPM/DPMelementsareusedtomeasuretrueaveragepower.Trueaverage
powermeansthesensorprovidesequivalentheatingpowerofthesignal,
regardlessofmodulationornumberofcarriers.Theseelementscanmeasure
averagepowerwithanaccuracyof+/5%ofreadingfromfullscaledownto
2.5%offullscale.
Note: Theequivalentheatingpowerisdependentontheduty
cycleofasignal.Ifasystemputsout50wattswitha50%duty
cycle,theAPM/DPMelementswillmeasure25watts.

1
BirdDirectionalPowerSensors

Element Orientation

WARNING
LeakingRFenergyisapotentialhealthhazard.DONOTconnectordisconnect
equipmentfromthetransmissionlinewhileRFpowerisbeingapplied.Severe
burns,electricalshock,ordeathcanoccur.

Theforwardelementandthereflectedelementmustbeofthesameseries
(APMor43).Thepowerratingoftheforwardelementmustbe10xthepower
ratingofthereverseelement.
Inserttheforwardelementintotheforwardsocketwithitsarrowpointinginthe
directionofforwardpower.Insertthereflectedelementintothereflected
socketwithitsarrowpointinginthedirectionofreversepower.

Element Contact Alignment

Continuousinsertionorrotationoftheelementmightcauseaslightchangein
thepositionofthecontactspringintheelementsocket.Ifthecontactspring
changesposition,erraticpowerreadingsmaybeexperienced.
Thepositionofthecontactspringmaybeadjustedwithasmallscrewdriverto
reestablishcontact.

CAUTION
Iftheelementcannotbefullyinsertedintothesocket,donotforceit.This
maydamagetheelement.

Performthefollowingstepstoadjustthecontactspring:
1. Usingasmallflatheadscrewdriver,placetheflatsideofthescrewdriver
behindthecontactbarasindicatedandbendthecontactbarsothatthe
contactrestsinthecenteroftheslotadjacenttotheelementsocket.

Input
Fo
rw
ar
d

Re
fle
cte

t
Outpu
d

t
Outpu

2
 Introduction

2. Aftercenteringthecontact,bendthecontactbarslightlytowardthecenter
oftheelementsocketbore,sothattheprofileoftheelementcontactis
visiblewhenviewingtheelementsocketfromthetopofthesocketbore.

Note: Ifthecontactisaccidentallymovedtoofar,theelementwill
notslideintothesocket.Movethecontactbackintotherecessed
areaandrepeattheprocess.

3
Chapter 2 Installation

Unpacking and Inspection

1. Carefullyinspectshippingcontainerforsignsofdamage.
Iftheshippingcontainerisdamaged,donotunpacktheunit.
ImmediatelynotifytheshippingcarrierandBirdTechnologies.
Iftheshippingcontainerisnotdamaged,unpacktheunit.Save
shippingmaterialsforrepackaging.
2. Inspectunitforvisualsignsofdamage.
Note: Ifthereisdamage,immediatelynotifytheshippingcarrier
andBirdTechnologies.

4
 Installation

Connecting the Directional Power Sensor (DPS).

WARNING
NeverattempttoconnectordisconnectRFequipmentfromthetransmission
linewhileRFpowerisbeingapplied.
LeakingRFenergyisapotentialhealthhazard.

WARNING
RFvoltagemaybepresentinRFelementsocket.Keepelementinsocket
duringoperation.

1. Dooneofthefollowing:
a. Toconnecta5009DPS:
Note: Onlyuse43elementsinthe5009DPS.

5
BirdDirectionalPowerSensors

ConnectoneendofdatacabletotheRJ25connectoronthe5009.
Connecttheotherendofthedatacabletooneofthechannel
inputconnectorsonaBirdChannelPowerMonitor.

Figure 1 5009 Cable Connection

b. Toconnecta5010Bor5010TDPS:
ConnecttheDPStotheSensorserialportontheBirdDigital
PowerMeterusingthesensorcableprovided.

Figure 2 5010 Cable Connection

c. Toconnecta5014DPS:
Note: Therearecurrentlythreeconnectionoptionsforthe5014
DPS.
ConnecttheDPStoaUSBportonaPCusingthesensorcablepro
vided.UseVPM3softwaretocommunicatewiththeDPS.
ConnecttheDPStotheSensorUSBportonaBirdDigitalPower
Meterusingthesensorcableprovided.
ConnecttheDPStoanAndroiddeviceusinganOTGcableandUSB
Cable.UsetheBirdRFMeterApptocommunicatewiththeDPS.

6
 Installation

Figure 3 5014 Cable Connections

2. ConnecttheRFlinetotheDPSsothatthearrowonthesensorpoints
towardstheload,see"ElementOrientation"onpage2.
Note: Thearrowontheforwardelementshouldpointtowards
theload.
Note: Thearrowonthereflectedelementshouldpointtowards
thesource.
Note: BothelementsmustbeeitherAPM/DPMor43types,do
notmixelements.
3. RefertoDPM/VPM3/CPMmanualsforsetupparametersforthedesired
measurement.
Note: Usetheforwardelementspowerratingwhensettingup
thedevice.

7
Chapter 3 Specifications

5009 Specifications

SensorType Thrulinetwoelementlinesection
43elementsONLY
Elements
Selecttwoelementsfromthesameseries,withRFL
power1/10ofFWDpower.
FrequencyRange1 23600MHz1
Average Power Measurements
43Elements,ForwardorReflectedDirection
PowerMeasurement
0.1Wto10kW
Range
PowerMeasurement
5%offullscaleaveragepower(95%c.l.)
Accuracy
Peak Power Measurement
43Elementsonly,Forwarddirectiononly
PulseWidth,Min
225MHz 15s
25100MHz 1.5s
>100MHz 800ns
Rep.Rate,Min 15PPS
DutyCycle,Min 1x104
Accuracy2 8%offullscalepeakenvelopepower(95%c.l.)
Match Measurement
MatchRange
ReturnLoss 0to20dB
Rho() 0.1to1
VSWR 1.22to99.99
TwicetheAvgPowerUncertainty
Uncertainty
(Calculatedfromforwardandreflecteduncertainty)
SettlingTime,Max 2.5seconds
Impedance,Nominal 50ohms
InsertionLoss,Max 0.05dBupto1GHz
InputVSWR,Max. 1.05:1upto1GHz
Directivity,Typical1 30dB

8
 Specifications

RFConnectors QCType(N(F)normallysupplied)
InterfaceConnector RJ25
PowerSupply Fromhostinstrumentviainterfacecable
MechanicalShockand
InaccordancewithMILPRF28800FClass3
Vibration
CE CEcompliant.RefertoDOCforspecificstandards.
RecommendedCalibration
1year
Interval
Temp,Operating 10to+50C(+14to+122F)
Temp,Storage 40to+75C(40to+167F)
Humidity,Max 95%(noncondensing)
Altitude,Max 3,000m(10,000ft.)
5.0x2.4x2.0
Dimensions,Nominal
(130x60x50mm)
Weight,Nominal 0.9lb.(0.4kg)
1 Exactvaluedependsonelementselected

9
BirdDirectionalPowerSensors

5010B, 5010T Specifications

SensorType Thrulinetwoelementlinesection
Elements Selecttwoelementsfromthesameseries,with
RFLpower1/10ofFWDpower.

5010B APMor43serieselements
5010T APMelementsonly
FrequencyRange1 23600MHz1
Average Power Measurement
APMElements,ForwardorReflectedDirection
PowerMeasurementRange1 0.1Wto1kW
2 5%ofreading(95%c.l.)
Accuracy
Peak/AverageRatio,Max 10dB
DetectorResponse(5010Tonly) 230ms
43Elements,ForwardorReflectedDirection
PowerMeasurementRange 0.1Wto10kW
PowerMeasurementAccuracy 5%offullscaleaveragepower(95%c.l.)
Peak Power Measurement
43Elementsonly,Forwarddirectiononly
PulseWidth,Min
225MHz 15s
25100MHz 1.5s
>100MHz 800ns
Rep.Rate,Min 15PPS
DutyCycle,Min 1x104
Accuracy2 8%offullscalepeakenvelopepower(95%c.l.)
Match Measurement
MatchRange
ReturnLoss 0to20dB
Rho() 0.1to1
VSWR 1.22to99.99
TwicetheAvgPowerUncertainty
Uncertainty (Calculatedfromforwardandreflected
uncertainty)
SettlingTime,Max 2.5seconds
Impedance,Nominal 50ohms
InsertionLoss,Max 0.05dBupto1GHz

10
 Specifications

InputVSWR,Max. 1.05:1upto1GHz
Directivity,Typical1 30dB
RFConnectors QCType(N(F)normallysupplied)
InterfaceConnector DB9
PowerSupply Fromhostinstrumentviacable
MechanicalShockandVibration InaccordancewithMILPRF28800FClass3
CEcompliant.RefertoDOCforspecific
CE
standards.
RecommendedCalibrationInterval 1year
Temp,Operating 10to+50C(+14to+122F)
Temp,Storage 40to+75C(40to+167F)
Humidity,Max 95%(noncondensing)
Altitude,Max 3,000m(10,000ft.)
5.0x2.4x2.0
Dimensions,Nominal
(130x60x50mm)
Weight,Nominal 0.9lb.(0.4kg)
1 Exactvaluedependsonelementselected
2 Above35Corbelow15Cadd2%

11
BirdDirectionalPowerSensors

5014 Specifications

SensorType Thrulinetwoelementlinesection
APMor43serieselements.Selecttwo
Elements elementsfromthesameseries,withRFLpower
1/10ofFWDpower.
FrequencyRange1 23600MHz
Average Power Measurement
APMElements,ForwardorReflectedDirection
PowerMeasurementRange1 0.1Wto1kW
Accuracy2 5%ofreading(95%c.l.)
Peak/AverageRatio,Max 10dB
43Elements,ForwardorReflectedDirection
PowerMeasurementRange 0.1Wto10kW
5%offullscaleaveragepower
PowerMeasurementAccuracy
(95%c.l.)
Peak Power Measurement
43Elementsonly,Forwarddirectiononly
PulseWidth,Min
225MHz 15s
25100MHz 1.5s
>100MHz 800ns
Rep.Rate,Min 15pps
DutyCycle,Min 1x104
8%offullscalepeakenvelopepower(95%
Accuracy2 c.l.)
Match Measurement
MatchRange
ReturnLoss 0to20dB
Rho() 0.1to1
VSWR 1.22to99.99
TwicetheAvgPowerUncertainty
Uncertainty (Calculatedfromforwardandreflected
uncertainty)
SettlingTime,Max 2.5seconds
Impedance,Nominal 50ohms
InsertionLoss,Max 0.05dBupto1GHz
InputVSWR,Max. 1.05:1upto1GHz

12
 Specifications

Directivity,Typical 1 30dB
RFConnectors QCType(N(F)normallysupplied)
InterfaceConnector USB2.0TypeB
PowerSupply Fromhostinstrumentviacable
MechanicalShockandVibration InaccordancewithMILPRF28800FClass3
CEcompliant.RefertoDOCforspecific
CE
standards.
RecommendedCalibrationInterval 1year
Temp,Operating 10to+50C(+14to+122F)
Temp,Storage 40to+75C(40to+167F)
Humidity,Max 95%(noncondensing)
Altitude,Max 3,000m(10,000ft.)
5.0x2.4x2.0
Dimensions,Nominal
(130x60x50mm)
Weight,Nominal 0.9lb.(0.4kg)
1 Exactvaluedependsonelementselected
2 Above35Corbelow15Cadd2%

13
BirdDirectionalPowerSensors

Customer Service

Anymaintenanceorserviceprocedurebeyondthescopeofthoseinthischapter
shouldbereferredtoaqualifiedservicecenter.
Iftheunitneedstobereturnedforanyreason,requestanReturnMaterial
Authorization(RMA)throughtheBirdTechnologieswebsite.Allinstruments
returnedmustbeshippedprepaidandtotheattentionoftheRMAnumber.
Bird Service Center
30303AuroraRoad
Cleveland(Solon),Ohio441392794
Fax:(440)2485426
Email:[email protected]
ForthelocationoftheSalesOfficenearestyou,visitourWebsiteat:
http://www.birdrf.com

14
 Limited Warranty
AllproductsmanufacturedbySellerarewarrantedtobefreefromdefectsin
materialandworkmanshipforaperiodofone(1)year,unlessotherwise
specified,fromdateofshipmentandtoconformtoapplicablespecifications,
drawings,blueprintsand/orsamples.Sellerssoleobligationunderthese
warrantiesshallbetoissuecredit,repairorreplaceanyitemorpartthereof
whichisprovedtobeotherthanaswarranted;noallowanceshallbemadefor
anylaborchargesofBuyerforreplacementofparts,adjustmentorrepairs,or
anyotherwork,unlesssuchchargesareauthorizedinadvancebySeller.
IfSellersproductsareclaimedtobedefectiveinmaterialorworkmanshipor
nottoconformtospecifications,drawings,blueprintsand/orsamples,Seller
shall,uponpromptnoticethereof,eitherexaminetheproductswheretheyare
locatedorissueshippinginstructionsforreturntoSeller(transportationcharges
prepaidbyBuyer).Intheeventanyofourproductsareprovedtobeotherthan
aswarranted,transportationcosts(cheapestway)toandfromSellersplant,will
bebornebySellerandreimbursementorcreditwillbemadeforamountsso
expendedbyBuyer.Everysuchclaimforbreachofthesewarrantiesshallbe
deemedtobewaivedbyBuyerunlessmadeinwritingwithinten(10)daysfrom
thedateofdiscoveryofthedefect.
Theabovewarrantiesshallnotextendtoanyproductsorpartsthereofwhich
havebeensubjectedtoanymisuseorneglect,damagedbyaccident,rendered
defectivebyreasonofimproperinstallationorbytheperformanceofrepairsor
alterationsoutsideofourplant,andshallnotapplytoanygoodsorparts
thereoffurnishedbyBuyeroracquiredfromothersatBuyersrequestand/orto
Buyersspecifications.Routine(regularlyrequired)calibrationisnotcovered
underthislimitedwarranty.Inaddition,Sellerswarrantiesdonotextendtothe
failureoftubes,transistors,fusesandbatteries,ortootherequipmentandparts
manufacturedbyothersexcepttotheextentoftheoriginalmanufacturers
warrantytoSeller.
Theobligationsundertheforegoingwarrantiesarelimitedtothepreciseterms
thereof.Thesewarrantiesprovideexclusiveremedies,expresslyinlieuofallother
remediesincludingclaimsforspecialorconsequentialdamages.SELLERNEITHER
MAKESNORASSUMESANYOTHERWARRANTYWHATSOEVER,WHETHEREXPRESS,
STATUTORY,ORIMPLIED,INCLUDINGWARRANTIESOFMERCHANTABILITYAND
FITNESS,ANDNOPERSONISAUTHORIZEDTOASSUMEFORSELLERANY
OBLIGATIONORLIABILITYNOTSTRICTLYINACCORDANCEWITHTHEFOREGOING.

15