CNC Machinist Reference Guide-Large
CNC Machinist Reference Guide-Large
NOTES
GGuide and Reference Charts for
CNC Machinists
39-1501104
WHATS INSIDE THIS BOOKLET?
Decimal Equivalent Chart / Millimeter to Inch Chart
Haas Mill G-Codes / Haas Mill M-Codes
Haas Lathe G-Codes / Haas Lathe M-Codes
Abbreviations and Measurement Units
Mill and Lathe Formulas
Tapping and Threading Formulas
Tap Drill Calculation
Drill Point Depth & Countersink Formulas
Degree Formulas
C E R T I F I E D
Haas operators manuals and other information may be downloaded for free from
the Haas website (www.HaasCNC.com). From the Haas home page, click on Resource
Center, and then select Manuals & Documentation. Haas manuals and information are
listed for you to access and download. Information is updated as necessary.
1/ 27 1/ 3/ 11/
8 4 8 32
1/ 18 3/ 17/ 7/
4 8 32 16
3/ 18 1/ 11/ 37/
8 2 16 64
1/ 14 5/ 13/ 23/
2 8 16 32
3/ 14 13/ 1 59/
4 16 64
1 111/2 11/16 15/16 15/32
11/4 111/2 13/8 15/8 11/2
11/2 111/2 15/8 17/8 147/64
2 111/2 21/16 23/8 27/32
21/2 8 29/16 27/8 25/8
Pipe sizes are generally determined by the inside diameter of the pipe. The
chart above gives nominal and approximate actual dimensions of commonly
used sizes of standard threaded pipe.
Spindle Command: You can stop or start the spindle with CW or CCW (FWD and REV on a
can be displayed on a Haas control by pressing the HELP/CALC lathe) any time youre at a Single Block stop or a Feed Hold. When you restart the program
with CYCLE START, the spindle will be turned back on to the previously defined speed.
When in EDIT or MEM mode, you can select and display another program from
Memory quickly by entering the program number (Onnnnn) and pressing the down
arrow key.
Clearing Current Commands Values: On a Haas, the values in the CURNT COMDS
display pages for Tool Life, Tool Load, and Timer registers can be cleared by cursor-
selecting the one you wish to clear and pressing ORIGIN. To clear everything in a
column, cursor to the top of that column (onto the title) and press ORIGIN.
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You can edit programs on a Haas while a program is running, using Background (BG)
Edit. When running a program in MEM mode from the Program display, hit the EDIT button
until the Background Editor pane appears on the right side of the screen. Press SELECT
PROG to see a list of Memory programs you can BG Edit. Changes will take effect the next
time the program is opened. You can select entire blocks of code to edit/copy/delete by
pressing F2 on the first and last lines you want to highlight, and then using the INSERT,
ALTER, DELETE, and UNDO commands. If you need to press the Cycle Start button for an
MOO/MO1 while youre editing, just hit the MEM botton to return to the active program.
For older controls (mill software 15.xx and lathe software 8.xx and earlier), you can access
BG Edit by entering the number of the program you want to edit (0nnnnn) and pressing F4.
To Zero the POS-OPER Display: This display is used for reference only. Each axis
can be zeroed out independently, to then show its position relative to where you
selected to zero that axis. To zero out a specific axis, press HAND JOG, and then
press POSIT. When you Handle Jog the X, Y, or Z axis and then press ORIGIN, the axis
that is selected will be zeroed. Or, you can press an X, Y, or Z letter key and then
ORIGIN to zero that axis display. You can also press the X, Y, or Z key and enter a
number (X2.125), then press ORIGIN to enter the number in that axis display.
When Setting 32 on a Haas machine is set to IGNORE, then all commands for
turning coolant on or off will be ignored. The coolant can still be turned on and off
manually with the COOLNT button.
Jog Keys: You can select an axis for jogging on a Haas by entering the axis letter on
the input line and then pressing the HANDLE JOG button.
On a Haas, you can use the DIST-TO-GO screen to quickly zero out the Position
display for a reference move. When in Handle Jog mode and in the Position display,
press any other operation mode key (EDIT, MEM, etc.), and then go back to Handle
Jog. This will zero out all axes on the DIST-TO-GO display, and begin showing the
distance moved.
On a Haas, its easy to transfer a program from MDI and save it to your list of
programs. In the MDI display, make sure that the cursor is at the beginning of the MDI
program. Enter a program number (Onnnnn) thats not being used. Then press ALTER and
this will transfer the MDI data into your List of Programs under that program number.
To Rapid an Axis Home: You can rapid all axes to machine zero by pressing
the HOME G28 key. You can also send just one axis (X, Y, Z, A, or B) to machine
zero in rapid motion. Enter the letter X, Y, Z, A, or B, then press HOME G28 and
that axis alone will rapid home. CAUTION! There is no warning to alert you of any
possible collision!
C = Degrees Celsius
DIA = Diameter
d = Depth of Cut
F = Feed in Inches or mm Per Minute (F)
F = Degrees Fahrenheit
FPR = Feed Per Revolution (F)
FPT = Feed Per Tooth
IPM = Inches Per Minute
IPR = Inches Per Revolution
L = Length of Cut
MRR = Metal Removal Rate (cubic in./min.)
RPM = Revolutions Per Minute
SFM = Surface Feed Per Minute
SMPM = Surface Meters Per Minute
MMPR = Millimeters Per Revolution
T = Number of Teeth in a Cutter
TCm = Time Cutting in Minutes
TCs = Time Cutting in Seconds
TPI = Threads Per Inch
W = Width of Cut
Chip Conveyor - The chip conveyor on a Haas can be turned on or off when a program
is running, either manually using the control keys or in the program using M-codes.
The M-code equivalent to CHIP FWD is M31, and CHIP STOP is M33. You can set the
Conveyor Cycle time (in minutes) with Setting 114, and the Conveyor On-Time (in
minutes) with Setting 115.
Setting 36 PROGRAM RESTART: When it is ON, you are able to start a program
from the middle of a tool sequence. You cursor to the line on which you want to
start and press CYCLE START. It will scan the entire program to ensure the tools,
offsets, G codes, and axes positions are set correctly before starting and continuing
at the block where the cursor is positioned. Although you can leave this setting ON
all the time, it may cause the machine to perform certain activities unnecessarily,
so its best to turn it OFF when youre done using it.
INCH TAPS
% of Full Thread (inch) = Number of TPI x Major DIA of Thread Drilled DIA
0.01299
Form Tap Drill Size = Basic Tap DIA 0.0068 x % of Full Thread
Number of TPI
METRIC TAPS
Tap Drill Size (metric) = Thread Diameter (mm) % of Full Thread x MM Pitch
147.06
147.06
% of Full Thread (metric) = x [Thread DIA (mm) Drilled Hole DIA (mm)]
MM Pitch
Memory Lock Keyswitch: This is a Haas machine feature that prevents operators from
editing or deleting programs, and from altering settings. Since the keyswitch locks the
settings, it also allows you to lock areas within the settings. Setting 7 locks parameters;
Parameters 57, 209, and 278 lock other features. Setting 8 locks all programs. Setting
23 locks 09xxx programs. Setting 119 locks offsets. Setting 120 locks macro variables.
In order to edit or change these areas, the keyswitch must be unlocked and its setting
turned off.
Note: thread pitch = 1.0 inch divided by threads per inch (TPI)
Inch Example:
(1 16 = .0625)
3/8 16 = .375 .0625 = .3125 tap drill
Metric Example:
M10 1.5 = 10 1.5 = M8.5 tap drill
Tool Life Management: In the CURNT COMDS display on a Haas you can PAGE
DOWN to the Tool Life Management page. On this page, the Tool Usage register
indexes by one every time that tool is called up in the spindle. You enter the number
of times you want that tool to be used in the Alarm column. When the Usage number
for that tool reaches the number of uses in the Alarm column, it will stop the machine
with an alarm. This will help you monitor tools to prevent them from breaking, and
prevent parts being scrapped.
STANDARD 60 CENTERDRILL
Setting 103: CYC START / FH SAME KEY. This is good to use when youre carefully
running through a program on a Haas. When this setting is on, the CYCLE START button
functions as the Feed Hold key as well. When CYCLE START is pressed and held in, the
machine will run through the program; when its released, the machine will stop in a Feed
Hold. This gives you much better control when testing a new program. When youre done
using this feature, turn it off. This setting can be changed while running a program. It
cannot be on when Setting 104 is on; when one of these settings is turned on, the other
will automatically turn off.
Drill Point
Angle (DPA) Factor
Example: To calculate for a 118-degree drill tip depth, multiply the dia. by 0.3
i.e., 0.250 drill diameter x .3 = 0.075 drill tip depth
Setting 104: JOG HANDL TO SNGL BLK. When Setting 104 is on and a program is
running in MEM mode in the Program or Graphics display, pressing the SINGLE BLOCK
key allows you to cycle through your program one line at a time, whether the machine
is running or youre in Graphics. First press the CYCLE START button, and then each
counterclockwise click of the jog handle will step you through the program line by
line. Turning the handle clockwise will cause a Feed Hold. This setting can be changed
while running a program. It cannot be on when Setting 103 is on; when one of these
settings is turned on, the other will automatically turn off.
Advanced Editor Quick Cursor Arrow: You can call up a cursor arrow with
which to scroll through your program quickly, line by line, when youre in the
Advanced Editor. For the quick cursor arrow, press F2 once; then you can use the
jog handle to scroll line by line through the program. To get out of this quick-
cursor mode and remain where you are in the program, just press the UNDO key.
F4 will swap the inactive program for the active program in the
Advanced Editor.
The ERASE PROG key will bring up a program list (with the
header Delete Program From List) on the inactive side of the
Edit display. You can then cursor to a program and delete it
by pressing WRITE.
Duplicating a Program in LIST PROG: In the LIST PROG mode, you can duplicate
an existing program by cursor-selecting the program number you wish to duplicate,
typing in a new program number (Onnnnn), and then pressing F2 (on older machines,
press F1). You can also go to the Advanced Editor menu to duplicate a program, using
the PROGRAM menu and the DUPLICATE ACTIVE PROGRAM item.
Power-Off at M30 sets the control to start a 30-second timer that will
turn off all power unless interrupted
Import DXF data directly into the Haas mill or lathe control and create
cutting toolpaths using the Haas Intuitive Programming System
Additional information about the Haas Wireless Intuitive Probing System is available from the
Haas website (www.HaasCNC.com). From the Haas home page, click on Customer
Resource Center, and then enter WIPS in the Search function.
Tool Load Management: Press the PAGE UP or PAGE DOWN key in CURNT COMDS
to page to the Tool Load page. Spindle load condition can be defined for a particular
tool, and the machine will stop if it reaches the spindle load limit defined for that tool.
A tool overload condition can result in one of four actions by the control. The action is
determined by Setting 84. ALARM will generate an alarm when overload occurs; FEED
HOLD will stop with a Feed Hold when overload occurs; BEEP will sound an audible
alarm when overload occurs; or AUTOFEED will automatically decrease the feedrate.
This will also help you monitor tools.
After the program is inished, one press of the F4 key will display the
adjustments and show where they were made. When you choose to
accept the changes, Program Optimizer will edit your program with
the new speeds, feeds and notes, while displaying the original values
in parentheses.
Additional information about the Program Optimizer is available from the Haas website
(www.HaasCNC.com). From the Haas home page, click on Resource Center, and then enter
Program Optimizer in the Search function.
Leaving Messages: You can enter a message in the MESGS display for the next
operator, or for yourself. It will be the first display shown when you power up the
machine, if there are no alarms other than the usual 102 SERVOS OFF alarm. If the
machine was powered down using EMERGENCY STOP, the MESGS display will not
show up when you turn the machine on again. Instead, the control will display the
active alarm generated by the emergency stop. In this case, you would have to press
the ALARM/MESGS key to view a message. It is not necessary to hit EMERGENCY
STOP when you power down a Haas machine.
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