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Recit 9 Solutions

1. This document discusses several topics in physics including the photoelectric effect, quantization of light, the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, Compton scattering, and free particle wave functions. 2. Key quantities like Planck's constant, work function, and threshold frequency can be obtained from the photoelectric effect. Light is quantized into discrete energy packets called photons. 3. The Bohr model describes the allowed energy levels and properties of hydrogen and hydrogen-like atoms. Quantities are modified for atoms with different atomic numbers.

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52 views2 pages

Recit 9 Solutions

1. This document discusses several topics in physics including the photoelectric effect, quantization of light, the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, Compton scattering, and free particle wave functions. 2. Key quantities like Planck's constant, work function, and threshold frequency can be obtained from the photoelectric effect. Light is quantized into discrete energy packets called photons. 3. The Bohr model describes the allowed energy levels and properties of hydrogen and hydrogen-like atoms. Quantities are modified for atoms with different atomic numbers.

Uploaded by

GwenShepherd
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Physics 73 A1-x Recit 9 Solutions 2.

Quantization of light and photoelectric


effect

(a) Frequency
1. Photoelectric effect
c 3.00 108 m/s
f 6.67 1014 Hz
Quantities such as the threshold frequency 450 109 m
fth, work function , and Plancks constant h
can be obtained experimentally by (b) Energy
comparing the best-fit line with

E hf 6.631034 J-s 6.67 1014 Hz
V0 h / e f / e
E 4.42 1019 J 2.76 eV
where V0 is the stopping potential and f is
(c) Momentum
the frequency.

(a) Experimental Plancks constant E 4.42 1019 J


p 1.47 1027 kg-m/s
c 3.00 10 m/s
8

h
Slope 4.276 1015 V-s
e (d) Maximum speed

Thus, 1 2
KEmax mvmax hf
2
hexpt 4.276 1015 eV-s 2
vmax hf
m
(b) Work function
Substituting results from 2(a) and 2(b) and
converting the work function in joules gives
y-intercept 5.539 V
e
vmax 5.17 105 m/s
Thus,
3. Hydrogen energy levels
5.539 eV 8.86 1019 J
The energy levels for the hydrogen atom are
(c) Threshold frequency
13.60 eV
x-intercept fth En , n 1, 2,3,
n2

Thus, (a) Final energy Ef



0 4.276 1015 V-s fth 5.539 V
Initially, the hydrogen atom is in the ni = 4
5.539 V
f th 15
1.30 1015 Hz (third-excited) state with energy
4.276 10 V-s
13.60 eV For a hydrogenlike atom with atomic
Ei 0.85 eV number Z, the quantized quantities are
42
modified by the replacement e2 Ze2, that
The photon has energy is,

hc n2 0 h2 Z e2
Ep hf 4.96 1020 J 0.31eV rn,Z n, Z
, v
Z me2 n 2 0h
n3 4 h3 Z 2 me4
This energy is absorbed by the H atom, Tn,Z 2 0 4 , En,Z 2 2 2
increasing its final internal energy to Z me n 8 0 h

E f Ei Ep 0.54 eV For Li2+, Z = 3; hence, in the ground state (n


= 1)
(b) Final state
(b) Orbit radius
13.60 eV
E f 0.54 eV r1,3 1.77 1011 m
n2f
13.60 eV
nf 5 fourth-excited state (c) Orbital speed
0.54 eV
v1,3 6.54 106 m/s
4. Compton scattering
(d) Energy
h
1 cos
mc E1,3 122.40 eV 1.96 1017 J
2.426 1012 m 1 cos
6. Free-particle wave function
(a) Wavelength shift
The corresponding energy of the free
9.32 10 13
m electron with momentum p = 1.501027 kg-
m/s is
(b) Scattered wavelength p2
E 1.231024 J
2m
2.334 1011 m 0.02334 nm
Thus, the free-electron wave function in
(c) Scattered photon energy terms of its momentum and energy is

E
hc
8.52 1015 J 53.3 keV x, t A exp

i 1.50 1027 kg-m/s x



5. Bohr model
exp

i 1.23 1024 J t


(a) Hydrogenlike atom

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