The document contains 32 questions related to networking concepts such as IP addressing, routing protocols, error detection, data encoding, and network protocols. It tests knowledge of fundamental topics like IP subnetting, Ethernet, TCP/IP, error detection, encoding, and routing algorithms. The questions range in difficulty from identifying IP address classes to analyzing routing tables and tracing packet routes between networks.
The document contains 32 questions related to networking concepts such as IP addressing, routing protocols, error detection, data encoding, and network protocols. It tests knowledge of fundamental topics like IP subnetting, Ethernet, TCP/IP, error detection, encoding, and routing algorithms. The questions range in difficulty from identifying IP address classes to analyzing routing tables and tracing packet routes between networks.
The document contains 32 questions related to networking concepts such as IP addressing, routing protocols, error detection, data encoding, and network protocols. It tests knowledge of fundamental topics like IP subnetting, Ethernet, TCP/IP, error detection, encoding, and routing algorithms. The questions range in difficulty from identifying IP address classes to analyzing routing tables and tracing packet routes between networks.
The document contains 32 questions related to networking concepts such as IP addressing, routing protocols, error detection, data encoding, and network protocols. It tests knowledge of fundamental topics like IP subnetting, Ethernet, TCP/IP, error detection, encoding, and routing algorithms. The questions range in difficulty from identifying IP address classes to analyzing routing tables and tracing packet routes between networks.
In IPv4, what is the value of the Total Length field in bytes if there is one byte option in the header and the data field is 400 bytes? one byte option = 4 bytes. a) 424 b) 421 c) 406 d) 400
2. Which class does IP address 192.168.91.160 belong to?
a) class A b) class B c) class C d) class D
3. Given the IP address 137.122.91.160 and the subnet mask 255.255.248.0, what is the subnet address? a) 137.122.88.0 b) 137.122.91.0 c) 137.122.91.160 d) 0.0.3.160
4. Which of the following is not correct?
a) ARP provides mapping from IP address to Ethernet address. b) RARP provides mapping from Ethernet address to IP address. RARP --> BOOTP --> DHCP c) DHCP provides mapping from Ethernet address to IP address. d) BOOTP provides mapping from IP address to Ethernet address.
5. In IEEE 802.11, which of the following is the longest?
a) DIFS b) SIFS c) PIFS d) IFS
6. The hexadecimal representation of ASCII code for character 'A' is 41H. What is the 8-bit checksum for 'A', 'B', 'C', and 'D'? a) 00001011 b) 10000101 b) 00001010 d) 10001010
7. If the baud rate is 400 for a 4-PSK signal, the bit rate is ___ bps? a) 100 b) 400 c) 800 d) 1600
8. What is present in the control field of all types of HDLC frames?
a) P/F bit b) N(R) c) N(S) d) FCS
9. Which of the following is not correct?
a) The header of an ATM cell is 5 bytes long. b) The information field of an ATM cell is 48 bytes long. c) ATM cell can carry IP datagram. d) ATM uses checksum for header error control.
10. In error reporting the encapsulated ICMP packet goes to ____.
a) the sender of the IP datagram in error. b) the receiver of the IP datagram in error. c) a router d) any of the above.
11. If the frequency spectrum of a signal has bandwidth of 500 Hz with the highest frequency at 600 Hz, what should be the sampling rate according to the Nyquist theorem? a) greater than 200 samples/second b) greater than 500 samples/second c) greater than 1000 samples/second d) greater than 1200 samples/second
12. In sliding window flow control which of the following is not correct? a) When the left-wall and the middle-wall are located at the same place, all the frames sent have been acknowledged. b) When the middle-wall and right-wall are located at the same place, no frame can be sent before receiving acknowledgement. c) All the frames to the left of the left-wall have been sent and have not been acknowledged yet. d) All the frames to the right of the right-wall have not been sent yet.
13. Router B receives an update from router A that indicates Net1 is two (2) hops away from A, so B updates its routing table by letting A be the next hop for Net1. The next update from A says Net1 is five (5) hops away from A. What hop value is entered in B's routing table for Net1? Assume the RIP is being used. a) 2 b) 3 c) 5 d) 6
14. In go-back-N ARQ, if frames 4, 5, and 6 are received successfully, the receiver may not send which frame to the sender? a) 5 b) 6 c) 7 d) 8
15. A signal is measured at two different points. The power is P1 at the first point and P2 at the second point. The decibel loss is 0 dB. This means ____. a) P2 is zero. b) P2 = P1. c) P2 is much larger than P1 d) P2 is much smaller than P1
16. Which quantization level results in a more faithful reproduction of the signal? a) 2 b) 4 c) 8 d) 16
17. For the network in the following figure, there are 4 routers, namely A, B, C and D. The cost between any two routers can be different to result different shortest-path trees by using Dijkstra's algorithm for router A. How many different shortest-path trees for router A are possible? a) 2 b) 4 c) 6 d) 8
A B C
18. The following waveform belongs to a Manchester encoded binary data stream. Which of the following strings is not in the binary stream?
1010101101001011001101
Manchester: 0 = transition from high to low in middle of interval 1 = transition from low to high in middle of interval
a) 1111 b) 1110 c) 1101 d) 1100
19. Which of the following is not correct?
a) The spectrum of a signal is the range of frequencies that it contains. b) Absolute bandwidth is the bandwidth with which most of the signal energy is concentrated. c) When all of the frequency components of a signal are integer multiples of one frequency, the latter frequency is referred to as the fundamental frequency. d) Wavelength of a signal is the distance occupied by a signal cycle.
20. Queueing system: which of the following is not correct?
a) M/M/1 queueing systems assume a Poisson arrival process. b) p = r/r-1, where p is utilization time mean number of items in a system c) p = (lamda)Ts, where lamda is arrival rate and Ts is mean service time for each arrival. d) M/M/N queueing system has
21. The following figure shows the initial sliding window. Show the window after the sender has sent packets 0 to 10 and has received ACK 6. (Note: L, M, and R respectively represent left wall, middle wall, and right wall of the sliding window.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 LM R
22. The basis of the TDM hierarchy (in North America and Japan) is the DS-1 transmission format, which multiplexes 24 voice channels. Explain why the data rate of DS-1 is 1.544 Mbps.
( 8bits/channel x 24 + 1 framing bit/frame ) x 8000 frames/sec = 1.544 Mbps
23. After monitoring IP traffic on a local area network for 10 minutes one evening, someone notices that all frames destined for machine A carry IP datagrams that have destination equal to A's IP address, while all frames destined for machine B carry IP datagrams with destination not equal to B's address. Users report that both A and B can communicate. Explain.
A and B are connected directly. However, B is also connected to a router and so data is sent to the router and the router sends them directly to B.
24. The following are two captured ARP packets carried by Ethernet II frames. Describe these two ARP packets (as to what they are doing).
25. An internet user would like to transfer a message from his computer (host A) to another computer (host B). The size of the message passed to the IP layer is 2400 bytes.
COMP A COMP B Net1 Net2 NET3 MTU = 1500 R1 MTU = 640 R2 MTU = 1500
The datagram(s) carrying the message will have to cross to routers (R1 and R2) and 3 networks (NET1, NET2, NET3) as described in the above figure. Each of these networks has a specific MTU (for example the MTU of network 1 is 1500 bytes. MTU here stands for Maximum Transmission Unit, the largest data that a frame can carry).
a) give the number of the IP datagram(s) needed, and the total length of each IP datagram at each network. b) In case the datagram is fragmented, give the value of the fragment Offset field and the value of the More bit in the Flags field?
26. Consider an audio signal with spectral components in the range of 300 to 3000 Hz. Assume that a sampling rate of 7000 samples/second will be used to generate a PCM signal.
a) For SNR = 30 dB, what is the number of uniform quantization levels needed (where SNR is the Signal-to-Noise Ratio for quantizing noise)? b) The dynamic range of the signal (minimum amplitude value to maximum amplitude value) is -5V to +5V. What is the PCM (binary) code for voltage +1.5V?
27. Asynchronous transmission is used. There are one start-bit, seven data-bits, then followed by one stop-bit. If the receiver's clock is too much faster or slower than the sender's clock, timing error will happen. We assume a data rate of 100,000 bits per second (100 kbps) is used. In order to correctly sample, what is the allowable fastest receiver's clock compared with the sender's clock (in %)?
28. The TRACERT diagnostic utility traces the route taken to a destination. The following is an example of using the command.
C:\>tracert 11.1.0.1
Tracing route to 11.1.0.1 over a maximum of 30 hops
1 2 ms 3 ms 2 ms 157.54.48.1 2 75 ms 83 ms 88 ms 11.1.0.67 3 73 ms 79 ms 93 ms 11.1.0.1
Trace complete.
Explain how this command is implemented to fulfill its function.
29. Assume that the TV picture is to be transmitted over a channel with 4.5-MHz bandwidth and a 35-dB signal-to-noise ratio. Find the capacity of the channel (bps). 30. Two stations communicate via a 1-Mbps satellite link with a propagation delay of 270 ms. The satellite serves merely to retransmit data received from one station to another, with negligible switching delay. Using HDLC frames of 1024 bits with a 3-bit sequence numbers, what is the maximum possible data throughput?
31. The received data sequence is 1010010010 and the received CRC is 011. The divisor is 1011. Check whether there is any error.
32. The following table is a link state database, which describes a campus internet with address 192.1.1.0. The advertisers are routers. 1) Draw the graph of the campus internet. 2) Use Dijkstra's algorithm to generate the shortest path tree for router A. 3) Generate the routing table for router A. 4) Use subnetting to assign correct IP address(es) to each sub-network, router, and computer (assume there is one computer on each sub-network for simplicity). 5) Describe how an IP datagram from a computer on Network 23 is routed to a computer on Network 66.
