FORM TP 2008248

0 TEST CODE 22238020

MAY/JUNE 2008

CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION

PHYSICS

UNIT 2 Paper 02

2 hours 30 minutes

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY

I. This paper consists of SIX questions.

2. Section A consists of THREE questions. Candidates must attempt ALL

questions in this section. Answers for this section must be written in this
answer booklet.

3. Section B consists of THREE questions. Candidates must attempt ALL

questions in this section. Answers for this section must be written in the
separate answer booklet provided.

4. All working MUST be CLEARLY shown.

5. The use of non-programmable calculators is permitted, but candidates

should note that the use of an inappropriate number of figures in answers
will be penalised.

Copyright 0 2008 Caribbean Examinations Council.

All rights reserved.
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NOTHING HAS BEEN OMITTED.

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LIST OF PHYSICAL CONSTANTS

Speed of light in free space 3.00 x 108 m s-1

Permeability of free space 1-Lo -7 H m-1

47cx10

Permittivity of free space Eo 8.85 x 10-12 F m-1

Elementary charge -19 C 1.60x

The Planck's constant 6.63 x 10-34 J s

Unified atomic mass constant 1.66 x 10-27 kg

Rest mass of electron me 9.11 x 10-31 kg

Rest mass of proton 1.67 x 10-27 kg

Acceleration due to gravity 9.81 m s-2

1 Atmosphere Atm 1.00 x 105 N m-2

Avogadro's constant NA 6.02 x 10 23 per mole

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SECTION A

Answer ALL questions.

You MUST write your answers in this answer booklet.

1. (a) (i) With the aid of a diagram explain the meaning of the term 'magnetic flux'.

[2 marks]

(ii) How is the unit of magnetic flux density related to the tesla?

[1 mark ]

(iii) State Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.

[1 mark ]

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(b) Figure 1 shows a coil with 16 turns which is wound on top of a solenoid with a cross-
sectional area of 50 cm 2 . An a.c. current through the solenoid produces a peak mag-
netic field of 7.5 mT which is changing at a rate of 500 Hz.

solenoid

Figure 1

(i) Calculate the MAXIMUM value of the TOTAL flux linkage through the 16 turn
coil.

[ 3 marks]

(ii) Find the peak value of the e.m.f. induced in the coil, given that the equation for
the variation of the flux linkage is 431) = (D o sin 2 t ft.

[ 2 marks]

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(iii) Figure 2 (a) shows the screen of the cathode ray oscilloscope connected to the
coil.

Figure 2 (a)
Show on Figure 2 (b) the c.r.o. trace you would expect if the number of turns
wrapped around the solenoid was increased to 32.

Figure 2 (b)
[ 2 marks]
On the third screen (Figure 2 (c)) show the effect of changing the frequency of
the supply to the solenoid to 1000 Hz while all other factors remain constant.

Figure 2 (c)
[ 2 marks]

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(iv) Describe briefly how you could show that the induced e.m.f depends on the area
of the coil.

[2 marks]

Total 15 marks

2. (a) The circuit diagram in Figure 3, shows an operational amplifier connected as a non-
inverting amplifier.

+ 15 V

- 15 V
Figure 3. Operational amplifier connected as a non-inverting amplifier

(i) Suggest a pair of values for the resistors, R I and R2 , if the amplifier is to have a
gain of +10.

R1 = kg2 R2 = 1(52
[ 2 marks]

(ii) What extra equipment would be needed to obtain data to plot the amplifier's
transfer characteristic (graph of V., vs V,)? Show on Figure 3 how these
components would be connected.

[ 4 marks]

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(b) (i) Use the data in Table 1 to plot, on the grid on page 9, the transfer characteristic
for a non-inverting amplifier similar to the one in part (a) on page 7.

TABLE 1

Vin IV VoutN ViN VtN

3.00 12.90 0.18 1.74

2.60 12.90 -0.59 -5.82
2.30 12.90 -0.98 -9.72
1.90 12.90 -1.18 -11.70
1.22 12.10 -1.60 -13.80
1.05 10.40 -1.90 -13.80
0.73 7.27 -2.60 -13.80
0.56 5.50 -3.00 -13.80

[ 5 marks]

(ii) From your graph determine the gain of the amplifier.

2 marks]

(iii) What is the range of possible input voltages if the amplifier is NOT to be
saturated?

Maximum positive input =

Maximum negative input =

2 marks]

Total 15 marks

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3. (a) Figure 4 shows an experimental arrangement used to investigate the photoelectric

effect of a metal.

light / Evacuated
/quartz tube

-i
..
-.
-
HH:
electrons

Figure 4. Experiment to investigate the photoelectric effect

The photoelectric equation may be written as hf- T 1 m V2 = 0,

e
where h is Planck's constant, f is the frequency of the light used, 4) is the work-function
of the metal, m e is the mass of the electron and v is the velocity of the emitted
photoelectrons.

(i) Explain what is meant by the 'stopping potential'.

[ 1 mark ]

(ii) With reference to Figure 4, explain how the stopping potential may be measured.

[ 2 marks]

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22238020/CAPE 2008
 (b) When a certain metal is illuminated with light of different wavelengths, the stopping
potentials in Table 2 are observed.

TABLE 2

Wavelength, A,(nm) Stopping potential Reciprocal Wavelength

(Vs) (la) (n-')

366 1.48
405 1.15
436 0.93
492 0.62
546 0.36
579 0.24

(i) Complete Table 2 by filling in the missing values of f. [ 1 mark ]

(ii) On the grid on page 12, plot a graph of stopping potential, V s against
I 3 marks]

(iii) Use the graph to determine

a) Planck's constant

I 4 marks]

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-
A,

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b) the cut-off wavelength, k o

[ 2 marks]

c) the work function of the metal.

[ 2 marks]

Total 15 marks

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SECTION B

Answer ALL questions.

You MUST write your answers in the answer booklet provided.

4. (a) The graph in Figure 5 shows the variation with temperature of the resistance of a
thermistor.
R/ kt2
3 I Ill 11[111i

0 20 40 60 80 100 o'c

Figure 5. Variation of resistance with temperature for a thermistor

a) Describe how values for the graph in Figure 5 could be obtained.

b) The diagram in Figure 6 shows a thermistor in a water bath. In your

answer booklet copy Figure 6 and complete Figure 6 by drawing in
the required circuit.

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Figure 6

(ii) The thermistor is included in a resistor network as shown (Figure7).

+6 V

2.0

0V

Figure 7

a) Find the potential at point Q.

b) At what thermistor temperature will the galvanometer read zero?

[11 marks]

(b) In the circuit shown in Figure 8 the batteries have negligible internal resistance. The

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currents supplied by the batteries are labelled x, y and z.

2 LI

y=2A

Figure 8

Given that current y is 2.0 A and current z is 1.0 A. calculate the e.m.f. of the battery
labelled B. [ 4 marks]

Total 15 marks
5. (a) (i) Draw the truth tables for a NOR gate and a NAND gate.

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(ii) Draw a circuit diagram to show how a NAND gate may be constructed from a
number of NOR gates.

(iii) Redesign the circuit shown in Figure 9 so that it may be constructed using
ONLY NOR gates. Reduce the circuit to the MINIMUM chip count.

A
B =1D
Figure 9
[ 8 marks'

(b) (i) Add the binary numbers 1011 and 101.

(ii) Discuss the difference between a half-adder and a full-adder in digital electronics.

(iii) Draw a diagram to show how a full adder is constructed from half-adders and
give an example to explain its operation. [ 7 marks]

Total 15 marks

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6. (a) (i) What is the evidence in Millikan's oil drop experiment for the quantization of
charge.

(ii) Give TWO measures adopted by Millikan to improve accuracy in the oil drop
experiment.

(iii) Explain how it is possible to change the charge on an oil droplet.

[ 5 marks]

(b) Figure 10 shows two plane parallel conducting plates 1.50 x 10 -2 m apart, held horizon-
tally, one above the other in air. The upper plate is maintained at a positive potential of
1.50 x 103 V while the lower plate is earthed. A small oil drop of mass 9.80 x 10 -15 kg
remains stationary in the air between the plates. The density of the air is negligible in
comparison with that of oil.

+ 1500 V
i Plate at positive potential
I
1.5 cm < Oil drop
/ Earthed plate
T

Figure 10

(i) Draw a free body diagram showing the forces acting on the oil drop.

(ii) Calculate

a) the charge on the oil drop

b) the number of electrons attached to the oil drop.

3
(c) The potential of the upper plate is suddenly changed to 1.50 x 10 V. Determine the
initial acceleration of the charged drop.
[10 marks]

Total 15 marks

END OF TEST

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