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This MATLAB code simulates an adaptive equalizer for a communication system with QPSK modulation over a frequency selective channel with additive white Gaussian noise. It generates transmitted symbols, applies a channel model, adds noise, performs equalization using an LMS adaptive filter, detects received symbols, and calculates the symbol error rate. Plots of the transmitted, received, equalized symbols and convergence are displayed.

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18 views2 pages

All All: For End

This MATLAB code simulates an adaptive equalizer for a communication system with QPSK modulation over a frequency selective channel with additive white Gaussian noise. It generates transmitted symbols, applies a channel model, adds noise, performs equalization using an LMS adaptive filter, detects received symbols, and calculates the symbol error rate. Plots of the transmitted, received, equalized symbols and convergence are displayed.

Uploaded by

vanathe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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clc;

clear all;
close all;
M=3000; % number of data samples
T=2000; % number of training symbols
dB=25; % SNR in dB value
L=20; % length for smoothing(L+1)
ChL=5; % length of the channel(ChL+1)
EqD=round((L+ChL)/2); %delay for equalization
Ch=randn(1,ChL+1)+sqrt(-1)*randn(1,ChL+1); % complex channel
Ch=Ch/norm(Ch); % scale the channel with norm
TxS=round(rand(1,M))*2-1; % QPSK transmitted sequence
TxS=TxS+sqrt(-1)*(round(rand(1,M))*2-1);
x=filter(Ch,1,TxS); %channel distortion
n=randn(1,M); %+sqrt(-1)*randn(1,M); %Additive white gaussian noise
n=n/norm(n)*10^(-dB/20)*norm(x); % scale the noise power in accordance with
SNR
x=x+n; % received noisy signal
K=M-L; %% Discarding several starting samples for avoiding 0's and negative
X=zeros(L+1,K); % each vector column is a sample
for i=1:K
X(:,i)=x(i+L:-1:i).';
end
%adaptive LMS Equalizer
e=zeros(1,T-10); % initial error
c=zeros(L+1,1); % initial condition
mu=0.001; % step size
for i=1:T-10
e(i)=TxS(i+10+L-EqD)-c'*X(:,i+10); % instant error
c=c+mu*conj(e(i))*X(:,i+10); % update filter or equalizer coefficient
end
sb=c'*X; % recieved symbol estimation
%SER(decision part)
sb1=sb/norm(c); % normalize the output
sb1=sign(real(sb1))+sqrt(-1)*sign(imag(sb1)); %symbol detection
start=7;
sb2=sb1-TxS(start+1:start+length(sb1)); % error detection
SER=length(find(sb2~=0))/length(sb2); % SER calculation
disp(SER);
% plot of transmitted symbols
subplot(2,2,1),
plot(TxS,'*');
grid,title('Input symbols'); xlabel('real part'),ylabel('imaginary part')
axis([-2 2 -2 2])
% plot of received symbols
subplot(2,2,2),
plot(x,'o');
grid, title('Received samples'); xlabel('real part'), ylabel('imaginary part')
% plots of the equalized symbols
subplot(2,2,3),
plot(sb,'o');
grid, title('Equalized symbols'), xlabel('real part'), ylabel('imaginary
part')
% convergence
subplot(2,2,4),
plot(abs(e));
grid, title('Convergence'), xlabel('n'), ylabel('error signal')

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