Scribd
Upload
213 views19 pages

Beam Formulae

Various formula for beam actions

Uploaded by

John Van Rooyen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
213 views19 pages

Beam Formulae

Various formula for beam actions

Uploaded by

John Van Rooyen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19
BEAM FORMULAE by Arun Syam Manager Technical Services AISC INTRODUCTION This article contains formulae for the calculation of reactions, shear force, bending moment and deflection for beams with various load and support concitions, Tabulated diagrams and equations are presented to show these variations. Reference is made from the AISC Design Capacity Tables for Structural Stee! to this article for a comprehensive set of beam deflection formulae. These formulae can readily be used with the beam design provisions of AS4100-1990: Stee! Structures for the particular limit state being considered (eg strength, serviceability, etc). In the design of beams for strength limit state calculations, no second order analysis (ie moment amplification) is required and the design bending moment (1) is that calculated from the following equations for the appropriately factored strength limit state loads and combinations. For the serviceability limit state (eg deflection) tne folowing formulae can be used with unfactored imposed loads. Formula Index The section number is listed for the particular beam load and support condition. ExTERWAL LOAD eee CM) MM | at —L— = Single or mutiipie concentrated —Bl we [oc [oe | BR [we | a Teed) locates tng the beam 7 Unio atte oad over — [REE [see [aa [caer [aco | MS -|— tn__ ~ Unrated ond over er] awe |oo | oe | - >| EO bare apan A ~ Une varying a ang he Ej-———-| ar 6 3h 4 - oe ere 3 C= Moment appied a a pont ee] we | 0 - | sear ee alia a Sascha . zm ST] 7 Shale san snot seppoted beam 5 te == J sinple beam win en | see section a ~] Ae J Saeco semen Hi — Propped cantilever an | See Section 6 7 : =| gg - eeame ced atom ens rrr] See Section 6 7 PEE ee 23} quoi epan coninucus beams ied Notation Conventional notation is used and is self explanatory when used with the diagrams. Note that: ()w ~ signifies a uniform distributed load per unit length {eg kN/m or Nimm); (2)W ~ signifies a total load (eg KN or N). References & Acknowledgements See after Part 5G 2 7 ‘STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 26 NUMBER 1 Ss 1. CANTILEVERS 1A. CANTILEVER BEAM — Concentrated load at free end Rev iP A ‘M max, (at fixed end) heart Ms, ue pxt—2— A ma (tre ond iy A, (UI a Honea Mea -P =P =P ee 31 Po? atve dh = Fev-stea ds pet sei OL“) 1B. CANTILEVER BEAM— Concentrated load at any point Rev Mman, (a ted end) Ma (when x> 2) 1—4 A max. (at free ond) ‘A, (at point of oa Agwhen v 2) =P Po = Poa) Pe ee ee ‘EI (ap) po BB eat -ax- 0) Puna él (Bb-Lsx) 1C. CANTILEVER BEAM— Ut anv % ‘M max. (at fixed end) Mm A max. (a free end . A Pp ba SS 1m distributed load over entire span we § ol wg, lg we agi ” Bel of area ats 1D. CANTILEVER BEAM — Uniform load par to any br Mrvax (at teed coe) ee M, (ton B) [poo Armax (at ee ena) Actwhen x= 8) Ag when x> 8) ae [sso aud spastic st-2] tor STRUCTURAL STEEL e - 200 x 10° MPa = 200x 10°kPa ‘STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 26 NUMBER 1 1. CANTILEVERS 1. CANTILEVER BEAM — Uniform load partially distributed at fixed end ‘Sher Rev wo, Max. (at fixed enc). es Me (ote xeatum) = As fat x=0) 3 A max (at tree end) = ia e88) 1f. CANTILEVER BEAM — Uniform load partially distributed along any portion of span —— wb. a +o Shade \y I I hone rR aev eb Mra (ttresen) = wie) Amax, (at tee end) = fed + ed b+ r2ce +30" + 12a + 1abc+ 48a) Use 1D. fabove) for V Mand A variation along pan 1G. CANTILEVER BEAM — Linearly varying load increasing from free end to fixed end W Leer Lx ea js] y 1 ST eo. vom AUN fev w Mote eee ew f oon (tied end). = ME ” we Fy Avrax. (at toe ord ta A, ; WP steely woe 41H. CANTILEVER BEAM — Linearly varying load increasing from fixed end to free end —1 —+ ayy) Honert ee AV we Bg x mas ataasons) = 2M meth oan ay Fs we ‘A max, (at fee one) ry osx stet-x0] a ee tor STRUCTURAL STEEL = = 200x10°mpa = 200x 10°kPa STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 26 NUMBER 1 pa OU 1. CANTILEVERS towards fixed end Frrieeal aev »_slerfill a Vy(Btoo) i mt 1 I ‘Mmax, (at fixed end) PSTN | shes ; ¥ M,Bt00) Pats M,(Ct0D) toners SA Moe bce ‘Armax (at ree ena) 1, CANTILEVER BEAM — Linearly varying load from any point along beam increasing 0-3 = Maral bag is towards free end Rev ¥% (8100) 1M max, (at xed end) M,(8100) . ], SUE _ ia, Me M.(Cte) Monet A max at 08 end) J. CANTILEVER BEAM — Lineatly varying load from any point along beam increasing w, Zebra [sae eo Lept = MeL -3x-20-4 4K. CANTILEVER BEAM — Moment applied at free end AsV Mmax.= My A max (at too end) A Re la Mamax. = My(a¢x2L) ott R A max(attree eng) ae a Aytar-a [Fes Moneat 1L. CANTILEVER BEAM — Moment applied at any point along span = 0 Hy Bg 28 = er + By Moo EF tor STRUCTURAL STEEL = = 200x 10° mPa = 200x 10° kPa STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 26 NUMBER 1 i 2. SINGLE SPAN SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAMS 2A. SIMPLE BEAM — Concentrated load at fiEeeEEA Fal p aR f max. (a pint aos ft 4, Pe Mc (vnen x) -% oe A max. (at point of load) "Be 4 = etait) A, (ten x4 = Bhob a8) Concentrated load at any point along span y= Ya when ab) i = Vy (ran. when a> 6) - sea. plat tose) ie IM, en <2) : Armax at x= 9\j 22222) when a> t= Aa {at point of laa oe Ag (when x a) 2C. SIMPLE BEAM — Concentrated load at any point with ends moments "¢ Voom Lo P | 3 bd )" fora eM pa may ve oa Ble M, when x< 8) 2 Foe y= mye My My fatloes = fem =M)+M, A, (ven xa) (2) [Mat +Poemye+0]) 2D. SIMPLE BEAM — Two equal concentrated loads symmetrically placed ra TT Heb wa rene AV ee eee eee max. (between loads) = Pa (M, (when x< a} hl = PK Armax.(atcentee) = Beat -ady Aatvhen xa) 1. = Bhetanad 5 Avian as x 5(L=a) = Feeu-of-85 tor STRUCTURAL STEEL _ = 200x 10° mPa = 200x 10°kPa lo STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 26 NUMBER 1 2. SINGLE SPAN SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAMS 2E. SIMPLE BEAM — Two unequal concentrated loads unsymmetrically placed ny _ fulcae he paste = Ban Panty Velwhon ae <(L-o) = AHP, Ms mex. winen By < \) REReRSRERSPST Mg max. when F<) = Ab M, (when x< a) Ax M, when a. 4, nis even, ateantre) aa A max (n> 4, nis 046, at contre) : When n> 10 the load may be considered as uniformiy cistibuted. 2G. SIMPLE BEAM — Uniformly distributed load i pi . a Fey wt : t = «who ee a Cit M Bun ‘ Pay 7 3 - po A max (atconte) aa Zl tax tan . gute aE : on BC et net 2H. SIMPLE BEAM — Uniform distributed load with end moments (Use actual signs of moments) M, u My “Cntr iad ae abe Ry maVy Z ‘Tt ge! (aeottst.t) iD, mas (0) (at ental ! 7 ts : Ms = Ba-nem Some ) te) A, go> nh es r aa MLV rover NIT Me we cu tlt 2 2M 8 OME AY Bee Date StS 2 hae OSE tor STRUCTURAL STEEL e = 200x10° Pa = 200x 10°kPa STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 26 NUMBER 1 Zz 2. SINGLE SPAN SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAMS 21. SIMPLE BEAM — Uniform load partially distributed along span i Ay= Vj (max when a 0) Rr pa Vs fwhen 2 ex(a+b)) Ay, VETTE, | ses Moras (atx as -b | NUT Mtuhnon »-< a) Mclwhen ax (a+ b)) Me (when x> (a+ 6)) Amax. (when a= &) Agtwhon 0 (a+ 0)) A max. (wen = We & a= Wa @L~a)+ wee 7 2 wgo@l-c)+ mat aL = Rome Ayo ma Ry—We(l=x) 2 Aye wa (ae® 2a) 36 ET 2K, SIMPLE BEAM — Load increasing uniformly to one end Ayes a= Vera, % Noneat Armas. (atx= AL 51994) = ora04! = ES ost to Fs rh, 1901" for STRUCTURAL STEEL _ = 200x 10° mPa = 200x10°kPa to STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 26 NUMBER 1 ) 2. SINGLE SPAN SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAMS 2L. SIMPLE BEAM — Load increasing uniformly, partially along span a m-Wosrsa : eed R ip os xt) en Ylaexedd : snoniareavegfB M(Osxea) 7 My(asx b) fe ‘Max. at point o oad) a Poe M,(omen 3- a) » BEM a? Pate Ba aru for STRUCTURAL STEEL e = 200x10° MPa = 200x 10°kPa STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 26 NUMBER 1 2 3. SIMPLE BEAM WITH OVERHANG 3B. SIMPLE BEAM WITH SINGLE OVERHANG — Concentrated load at end of overhang ba 4 ReM -f ; x ce ) rai Ayan ‘ Pare c 7 Ve =P Ve Max, at A) = Pa \ ween supp) oe Me forovernarg) = Pan) 0.2751) = Rya M,Osx 6) My (max. when a 6) (M, (at point of toad) M (when x-<) A max. (when 2> Dat x= 3EIGa+ bo) Ax (at point ot oaa) ie 361 A, (when x a) : = PX at —sax—ox) een’ SC. BEAM FIXED AT BOTH ENDS — N Concentrated loads at n equal spaces -&—1. fresP PP OP Bede-ded- one ZR v 1 Ve aT 1 coos EM, I rene Ma Note: n= N41 & 928 panies -e-nf PLir=t) My My = Pia PL 1 aa _ APL +2) Oe "Me tat x= 4 & nis L Motat x= $8 nis even) Airmax fat x= $ & nis ode) Armax (at x= 4 nis even) When > 10 th load may be considered as uriformlydtbuted. 4 ; ae wl $o-4 = a {b-4 pos 5D. BEAM FIXED AT BOTH ENDS — Uniformly distributed load be L——4 wl, chp i eI peta Mw. cube I atcone) “ M, peel ver) ‘A max. (at contro} Ae wit * Basel - Hie for STRUCTURAL STEEL & = 200x 10° MPa = 200x 10°kPa ‘STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 26 NUMBER 1 Ke 5. BEAMS FIXED AT BOTH ENDS SE, BEAM FIXED AT BOTH ENDS — Uniform load partially distributed along span Rey 1 [ads ea)-He-a] 3 fey a giao russ = A Rox R By a Ay E st ZR Mian. (0) (@txwar Sy = m+ Raney . ie 3 tL ly My .: = 1 {P49 (ea 2sera} La zat th, Ime Mi(fore a) = eo Pa + 38) A, (when x< a) A, (when x 3) References & Acknowledgements. [1] American Instituté of Stee! Construction, “Manual of Steel Construction - LRFD", ist ed., American Institute of Stel Construction (pp 3-127 to 3-148). [2] Blodgett, O.W., “Design of Weldments”, The James F. Lincoln Arc Welding Foundation (Section 7.1). [3] Canadian institute of Stee! Construction, "Handbook of Steet Construction”, 4th ed., Canadian Institute of Stee! Construction (pp 5-132 to 5-150) 14] Constructional Stee! Research and Development Organisation (Constrado), 0 “Steel Designers’ Manual”, 4th ed., Granada (Chapters 1-8). Note: Constraco is the Stee! Construction Institute (UK). [5] Griffel, W., “Handbook of Formulas for Stress and Strain”, Frederick Ungar Publishing Co. (Chapter 2). [6] South African institute of Stee! Construction, “South African Stee! Construction Handbook’, 1st ed., The South African Institute of Stee! Construction (pp 3.37-3.52). 17) Young, W.C,, "Roark's Formulas for Stress & Strain’, 6th ed., McGraw-Hill Book Company (pp 100-112). for STRUCTURAL STEEL = 200x10° mPa = 200x 10°kPa 8 . ‘STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 26 NUMBER 1 6. EQUAL SPAN CONTINUOUS BEAMS Leasing pater on loaded spans ee Reactions ee ade romett, w : 7 deflections {o, a oars oss | oser 6 ‘300 tore | 2587 : 870 at 0.0075 rom 1 2 i 670 a1 0.0575 tom A oie | bee i+ ie | 888 Size | 0335 AS t a 0.0084 at 0.421 tom A a ose cas | 05 8 red Gass | S57 — & 0.83 bose | One? a) p2 ec fr 6.086 at 0498 rom A 6203 | are ie | -o.088 tee: | oer i 0.0082 at 0.472 tom A A ca00 asso | ons " 5 10 tis | Baer fy 01080 at 0400 om A oe | ogee ieee ms |~et09 -f150 | -0z07 5 atpteta rs 80080 at 0.446 tom A 4 O60 ews | caer 8 ss cae | tise eof My 0.104 at 0.450 from A oe 0.269 me | e080 Mc 0.033 — 0.050 — 0.089 y 00089 at 0.43 rom A 4 O83 oaco [ose 8 80 ba | S00 é 8560 oo | -0580 = 5 born Goes | “bee BoC OD Ms 0004 at 0438 om A ozo | ogre fis | -8o007 -bi00 | -2ire te 0017 des | oat a 80080 at 0.471 fom A Reactions 4, 8, C, etc are in terms of W. Moments Mare in terms of WL. Detlections are in terms of WL/EL Locations of My, Mo, etc and a are in terms of L C= span, STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 26 NUMBER 1 6. EQUAL SPAN CONTINUOUS BEAMS Loading pattern on loaded spans Le Reactions anal moments, w deflections , [a 0.88 8 tas 2 c 099 M 0.077 at 0.393 rom A L we 9.039 10.598 hom 8 ous | oan 2 - - -0.206 A CDE | Me |-9107 7348) | <8388 ai 0.0056 at 0.44 rom A 086 0.420 O57 0.607 O46 0.886 ose 607 = 0.058 ~0.080 0.088 at 0.488 from A o2t0 0.064 at 0.482 rom © 0.103 ~ bos —b.080 ~o.c36 = ose qos e020 8.0087 at 0.47 trom 0.80 oate ‘203 1335 0357 o2ee 0586, oee? ode oat 0.072 at 0.38 trom A 0.160 8.061 at 0.603 from B O48 8.098 at 0.868 rom D O20 -oiat 0.181 ore 0.027 Zoose =o087 8.0084 at 0.595 tom D = 01036 = 00058 0468 ods 1148 124 058 ona —0.036 = 0.084 rater ratét 0433 400 | 0.822 0.582 O72 | S404 ~0107 -o1er | 0286 0.027 08 | O07 ~ 0.008 -ooor | -o01e G00 6.200 | O27 0087 0100 | 0178 ore 0027 | — 00a 0.005 -0007 | -o012 =a049 =oo74 | -0.192 0.545 ocr | "1.120 oar oso, | i180 ~ 0.080 -oiar | -o2ie 9013 0.090 | ~ 0.036 074 0373 | 0.98 0.040 007s | -o181 To.osa Teese | O13 0.018 6.020 | 0.096 Reactions 4, B, ©, etc are in terms of W. Moments Aare terms of WL. Detlections A are in terms of WL°VEr. Locations of My, Mz, etc and 4 are in terms of L. L= span, . ‘STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 26 NUMBER 1

You might also like