The document provides instructions on how to calculate the energy changes in chemical reactions using bond energy data. It gives a worked example of calculating the energy released by the combustion of ethane. The key steps are: 1) writing the balanced chemical equation, 2) identifying the bonds broken and formed, 3) using bond energy data to calculate the energy absorbed in breaking bonds and released in forming bonds, 4) calculating the total energy change as the difference between bonds broken and formed. Practice problems are then provided to calculate the energy changes for the combustion of methane, ethanol, and propane.
The document provides instructions on how to calculate the energy changes in chemical reactions using bond energy data. It gives a worked example of calculating the energy released by the combustion of ethane. The key steps are: 1) writing the balanced chemical equation, 2) identifying the bonds broken and formed, 3) using bond energy data to calculate the energy absorbed in breaking bonds and released in forming bonds, 4) calculating the total energy change as the difference between bonds broken and formed. Practice problems are then provided to calculate the energy changes for the combustion of methane, ethanol, and propane.
The document provides instructions on how to calculate the energy changes in chemical reactions using bond energy data. It gives a worked example of calculating the energy released by the combustion of ethane. The key steps are: 1) writing the balanced chemical equation, 2) identifying the bonds broken and formed, 3) using bond energy data to calculate the energy absorbed in breaking bonds and released in forming bonds, 4) calculating the total energy change as the difference between bonds broken and formed. Practice problems are then provided to calculate the energy changes for the combustion of methane, ethanol, and propane.
The document provides instructions on how to calculate the energy changes in chemical reactions using bond energy data. It gives a worked example of calculating the energy released by the combustion of ethane. The key steps are: 1) writing the balanced chemical equation, 2) identifying the bonds broken and formed, 3) using bond energy data to calculate the energy absorbed in breaking bonds and released in forming bonds, 4) calculating the total energy change as the difference between bonds broken and formed. Practice problems are then provided to calculate the energy changes for the combustion of methane, ethanol, and propane.
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Calculating Energy Changes in Reactions
You need to be able to calculate the energy changes in a reaction using bond energy data. Using the guidance in the worked example, you need to complete the practice exercises showing ALL YOUR WORKING.
Worked Example
Burning ethane (C2H6)
Step 1: draw the balanced equation showing the structure of the molecules
+ 7 O=O 6 H-O-H + 4 O=C=O
2
Step 2: Show all the bonds you would have to break to get the individual atoms
Bonds Broken Bonds Formed
C-C C-C O=O C-H C-H O=O C-H C-H O=O C-H C-H O=O C-H C-H O=O C-H C-H O=O C-H C-H O=O Step 3: Show all the bonds you need to form to make the products
Bonds Broken Bonds Formed
C-C C-C O=O H-O H-O C-H C-H O=O H-O H-O C-H C-H O=O H-O C=O C-H C-H O=O H-O C=O C-H C-H O=O H-O C=O C-H C-H O=O H-O C=O C-H C-H O=O H-O C=O H-O C=O H-O C=O H-O C=O Step 4: Use data from a data table to write in the bond energies for each bond
Step 5: Calculate the total Energy using the equation:
Total Energy = Bonds Broken Bonds Formed
(If this answer is negative, this means energy is given out and the reaction is exothermic)
Total Energy = 9136 - 11424 = -2288kJ/mol
Bond Energy Calculations Exercise (Use the data table given in the worked example you may need to look back in your exercise book for the structures of some compounds)
1. Calculate the total energy change for the complete combustion of
methane
Methane + Oxygen Water + Carbon Dioxide
Balanced equation (show structure):
Bonds Broken Bonds Formed
Total energy =
2. Calculate the total energy change for the complete combustion of ethanol
Ethanol + Oxygen Water + Carbon Dioxide
Balanced equation (show structure):
Bonds Broken Bonds Formed
Total energy = 3. Calculate the total energy change for the complete combustion of propane
Propane + Oxygen Water + Carbon Dioxide
Balanced equation (show structure):
Bonds Broken Bonds Formed
Total energy =
Extension (complete in your exercise book)
1. Calculate the total energy change for the complete combustion of
propanol 2. Calculate the total energy change for the complete combustion of Pentane 3. Calculate the total energy change for the complete combustion of hexanol 4. Calculate the total energy change for the complete combustion of hexane
