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Frequency Shift Keying

This document discusses frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation and demodulation using MATLAB. FSK is a modulation scheme that encodes digital data by changing the frequency of a carrier signal. In binary FSK (BFSK), a mark and space frequency represent 1s and 0s. The MATLAB code generates a BFSK signal by multiplying carrier waves of different frequencies with the digital data. It then demodulates the FSK signal using a correlator and decision device to recover the original data.

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195 views3 pages

Frequency Shift Keying

This document discusses frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation and demodulation using MATLAB. FSK is a modulation scheme that encodes digital data by changing the frequency of a carrier signal. In binary FSK (BFSK), a mark and space frequency represent 1s and 0s. The MATLAB code generates a BFSK signal by multiplying carrier waves of different frequencies with the digital data. It then demodulates the FSK signal using a correlator and decision device to recover the original data.

Uploaded by

sobia aslam
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Frequency Shift Keying

Objective: To generate and demodulate frequency shift keyed (FSK) signal using MATLAB

Theory: Frequency-shift keying (FSK) is a frequency modulation scheme in which digital


information is transmitted through discrete frequency changes of a carrier wave. The simplest
FSK is binary FSK (BFSK). BFSK uses a pair of discrete frequencies to transmit binary (0s and
1s) information. With this scheme, the "1" is called the mark frequency and the "0" is called the
space frequency. In binary FSK system, symbol 1 & 0 are distinguished from each other by
transmitting one of the two sinusoidal waves that differ in frequency by a fixed amount.

Si (t) = 2E/Tb cos 2f1t 0 t Tb

0 elsewhere

Where i=1, 2 & Eb=Transmitted energy/bit Transmitted freq= i = (nc+i)/Tb, and n = constant
(integer), Tb = bit interval Symbol 1 is represented by S1 (t) Symbol 0 is represented by S0 (t)

Matlab code:
%GENERATE CARRIER SIGNAL
Tb=1; fc1=2;fc2=5;
t=0:(Tb/100):Tb;
c1=sqrt(2/Tb)*sin(2*pi*fc1*t);
c2=sqrt(2/Tb)*sin(2*pi*fc2*t);
%generate message signal
N=8;
m=rand(1,N);
t1=0;t2=Tb
for i=1:N
t=[t1:(Tb/100):t2]
if m(i)>0.5
m(i)=1;
m_s=ones(1,length(t));
invm_s=zeros(1,length(t));
else
m(i)=0;
m_s=zeros(1,length(t));
invm_s=ones(1,length(t));
end
message(i,:)=m_s;
%Multiplier
fsk_sig1(i,:)=c1.*m_s;
fsk_sig2(i,:)=c2.*invm_s;
fsk=fsk_sig1+fsk_sig2;
%plotting the message signal and the modulated signal
subplot(3,2,2);axis([0 N -2 2]);plot(t,message(i,:),'r');
title('message signal');xlabel('t---->');ylabel('m(t)');grid on;hold on;

1
subplot(3,2,5);plot(t,fsk(i,:));
title('FSK signal');xlabel('t---->');ylabel('s(t)');grid on;hold on;
t1=t1+(Tb+.01); t2=t2+(Tb+.01);
end
hold off
%Plotting binary data bits and carrier signal
subplot(3,2,1);stem(m);
title('binary data');xlabel('n---->'); ylabel('b(n)');grid on;
subplot(3,2,3);plot(t,c1);
title('carrier signal-1');xlabel('t---->');ylabel('c1(t)');grid on;
subplot(3,2,4);plot(t,c2);
title('carrier signal-2');xlabel('t---->');ylabel('c2(t)');grid on;
% FSK Demodulation
t1=0;t2=Tb
for i=1:N
t=[t1:(Tb/100):t2]
%correlator
x1=sum(c1.*fsk_sig1(i,:));
x2=sum(c2.*fsk_sig2(i,:));
x=x1-x2;
%decision device
if x>0
demod(i)=1;
else
demod(i)=0;
end
t1=t1+(Tb+.01);
t2=t2+(Tb+.01);
end
%Plotting the demodulated data bits
subplot(3,2,6);stem(demod);
title(' demodulated data');xlabel('n---->');ylabel('b(n)'); grid on;

binary data message signal


1 2
m (t)
b (n )

0.5 0

0 -2
0 2 4 6 8 0 2 4 6 8
n----> t---->
carrier signal-1 carrier signal-2
2 2
c 1 (t)

c 2 (t)

0 0

-2 -2
7 7.5 8 8.5 7 7.5 8 8.5
t----> t---->
FSK signal demodulated data
2 1
b (n )
s (t)

0 0.5

-2 0
0 5 10 0 2 4 6 8
t----> n---->

2
3

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