Journal of Intelligence Systems, Vol.

1, Issue 1, 2010, pp-01-06

AUTOMATIC RESPONSE SYSTEM USING SMS

RAJESH K. RAI AND KALPANA RAI

Department of Computer Engineering, S.C.O.E, .University of Pune, India

Abstract- Technology is booming in every area around us, whether it is in the field of
business trade, computer, telecom or any other area. In education system lot of trends and
competitions are emerging for the career and betterment of the students. Now a days many
types of value added services (VAS) and various response systems and public response
systems are available and running successfully around us. These value added services
always adds remarkable values to the industry. Likewise here is a solution for the betterment
of students and the faculties even for the parent and guardian of the students, that they can
access information in a easier way from every corner of the world. An Interactive response
system is been developed for fetching information over mobile by means of GPRS services,
in the form of SMS, relevant information regarding students Exams registration, attendance,
their daily activities in the college, on the cost of mere negligible charges. These interactive
response systems will definitely going to be an asset for the institution and its students and
faculties. This software deals with the SMS based applications. In this software an interactive
database management system has been implemented by which the parent and guardian can
get students information using SMS service. As every mobile is having the capability of to an
from SMSing,this makes the beauty part of this software as every mobile subscriber can
benefit from this facility & thus saves precious time .At the same time this a very cost effective
way to know about the current information of students. Finally, it may be emphasized that this
system is public friendly & easy to use.

1. Introduction

Short Message Service (SMS) in wireless In addition, the system facilitates

systems provides the capability of limited- communication between the school and
size data messages to subscriber's the home, and encourages collaboration.
cellular phone. And the development of Finally, it supports the teachers in
value added services based upon the analyzing the students, and performs both
GSM standard is becoming increasingly formative and summative evaluation of
important to both network operators and lessons.
the subscribers to such networks. This
project outlines a wireless service system Today wireless technologies such as
capable of providing real time information GPRS, new 3G networks and different
of the student information of the college. WLAN technologies are rapidly being
The system allows a user to the service to developed and deployed providing
receive student information on demand. wireless access to the Internet in a much
Primarily by means of short messages larger scale than before. At the same time,
delivered to their GSM mobile phone. new mobile platforms like PDAs, advanced
mobile phones and wearable computers
The various questionnaires for the are becoming more and more common.
stakeholders prepared by the Together it will mean that the Internet will
school/college staff and the author were be accessible from anywhere, on a wide
successfully administered through the variety of different platforms and
system. The system supports a connection technologies. A user should be
consultative style of decision-making that able to expect to access the same
enables the stakeholders to contribute applications and services that are
their views. The server can compile the available on a fixed, connected PC from a
responses, and then present the results to mobile connected unit
all. Hence, the school/college leaders can
make timely and informed decisions that Short message service is a mechanism of
improve the colleges programmers. delivery of short messages over the
mobile networks. It is a store and forward

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Copyright 2010, Bioinfo Publications,
Journal of Intelligence Systems, Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2010
AUTOMATIC RESPONSE SYSTEM USING SMS

way of transmitting messages to and from The way for sending SMS messages from
mobiles. The message (text only) from the a computer through a mobile phone or
sending mobile is stored in a central short GSM/GPRS modem has a major limitation
message center (SMS) which then that is the SMS sending rate is too low. If
forwards it to the destination mobile. This you need a high SMS sending rate,
means that in the case that the recipient is obtaining a direct connection to the SMS
not available; the short message is stored center (SMSC) or SMS gateway of a
and can be sent later. Each short wireless carrier is necessary. The
message can be no longer than 160 connection may be made through the
characters. These characters can be text Internet, X.25 or dial-up. If you cannot get
(alphanumeric) or binary Non-Text Short a direct connection to the SMSC or SMS
messages. An interesting feature of SMS gateway of a wireless carrier, another
is return receipts. This means that the choice is to get a connection to the SMS
sender, if wishes, can get a small gateway of an SMS service provider,
message notifying if the short message which will forward SMS messages towards
was delivered to the intended recipient. a suitable SMSC.
Since SMS used signaling channel as
opposed to dedicated channels, these 4. Connection to the SMS Center or
messages can be sent/received SMS Gateway of a Wireless Carrier
simultaneously with the voice/data/fax
service over a GSM network. SMS
It can be difficult for small businesses or
supports national and international
individual application developers to obtain
roaming. This means that you can send a direct connection to the SMSC or SMS
short messages to any other GSM mobile gateway of a wireless carrier since a
user around the world. With the PCS
wireless carrier may only provide such
networks based on all the three
service to those who have huge SMS
technologies, GSM, CDMA and TDMA
traffic. Buying SMS messages in bulk
supporting SMS, SMS is more or less a means the total fee will be very high
universal mobile data service. (although the fee per SMS message will
be low).
2. Major Drawback of Sending SMS
Messages through a Mobile Phone or
Besides, the information about the service
GSM/GPRS Modem (for example, cost of the service, protocols
supported, network coverage) is usually
Using a mobile phone or GSM/GPRS not stated clearly on a wireless carrier's
modem to send SMS messages has a web site. This is because the wireless
major drawback that is the SMS sending carrier staff wants to know more about
rate is too low. Only 6-10 SMS messages your SMS messaging application, such as
can be sent per minute (when the "SMS its nature and traffic requirement, before
over GSM" mode is used). The offering a price and providing further
performance is not affected by the information to you. To decide which
connection between the computer and the wireless carrier's service plan is the best,
mobile phone or GSM/GPRS modem (i.e. you have to discuss with the sales staff of
the SMS sending rate is about the same each wireless carriers. This is troublesome
no matter the mobile phone or if you just want to send a small number of
GSM/GPRS modem is connected to the SMS messages. (Of course if you need to
computer through a serial cable, USB send a large amount of SMS messages,
cable, Bluetooth link or infrared link) and say one million SMS messages per month,
does not depend on whether a mobile negotiating with the wireless carrier staff
phone or GSM/GPRS modem is used (i.e. for a more favorable agreement is a
the SMS sending rate is about the same necessary step.)
no matter a mobile phone or a
GSM/GPRS modem is used). The
A more convenient way to send SMS
determining factor for the SMS sending
messages is to use the SMS connectivity
rate is the wireless network. service of an SMS service provider, which
is described in the next section. SMS
3. Sending SMS Messages from a stands for Short Message Service. It is a
Computer through a Connection to the technology that enables the sending and
SMS Gateway of a Wireless Carrier receiving of messages between mobile

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Journal of Intelligence Systems, Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2010
 RAJESH K. RAI AND KALPANA RAI

phones. SMS first appeared in Europe in framework and sits on top of Connected
1992. It was included in the GSM (Global Limited Device Configuration, a set of
System for Mobile Communications) lower level programming interfaces. MIDP
standards right at the beginning. Later it
was developed under the Java Community
was ported to wireless technologies like
CDMA and TDMA. The GSM and SMS Process as JSR 37 (MIDP 1.0) and JSR
standards were originally developed by 118 (MIDP 2.0). The first MIDP devices
ETSI. ETSI is the abbreviation for were models i80s and i50sx from
European Telecommunications Standards Motorola, launched in April 2001.
Institute. Now the 3GPP (Third Generation
Partnership Project) is responsible for the 6.2 MIDlet
development and maintenance of the
GSM and SMS standards. A MIDlet is a Java program for embedded
devices, more specifically the Java ME
5. Problem Statement virtual machine. Generally, these are
games and applications that run on a cell
The very existence of rapid progress of
human is due to emerging new ways of phone. Basically midlets are the
gathering & distribution of information. As application created for mbile devices this
the quantity of data that needs to be application is developed in java to mobile
stored retrieved & progressed in a edition using java classes. Various games
management & information system grows and other applications are been regularly
throughout the world, there arises a need developed by the organizations these
for automation. Here we are taking the
days.but the mobile should be java
area of acquiring general information
related to students of college. Such as his enabled.
attendance in the college with current
date, current percentage of presents with 6.3. Mobile Information Device toolkit
the name etc. One of the oldest methods
is to go to institute & ask with the A MIDlet requires a device that
respective faculty of the subject for that implements at least Java ME, CLDC and
particular information regarding the daily MIDP to run. Like other Java programs,
attendance, this concept is much more MIDlets have a "compile once, run
interesting for the parents and the anywhere" potential. MIDlet distributions
guardians of the students as many time
main file is a .jar file, but MIDlet
they are not aware of the actual curriculum
of their student in the college, for this they distributions can also consist of a .jad file
will be informed after the completion of containing the location of and describing
session about the students or the the contents of the .jar file. The
institution will provide a performance implementation of a MIDlet may or may
report about the student to their parents by not require the presence of a .jad file. A
mail. The drawback of this approach is the MIDlet has to fulfill the following
queue & wandering from one department
requirements in order to run on a mobile
to another in which user has to spend his
precious time. Also if college will provide phone: The main class needs to be a
all the desired information regarding the subclass of
students it has to engage several javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet. The
manpower for the accomplishment of this MIDlet needs to be packed inside a .jar file
task and consequently looses time and (e.g. by using the jar-tool). The .jar file
money. needs to be pre-verified by using a
6. Toolkit and Technologies preverifier. In some cases, the .jar file
needs to be signed by the mobile phone's
6.1 Mobile Information Device Profile carrier. These midlets are basically
(MIDP) developed using J2ME tool used for
developing applications running on mobile
MIDP is a specification published for the device.
use of Java on embedded devices such as
mobile phones and PDAs. MIDP is part of 6.4. Java Platform, Micro Edition (J2ME)
the Java Platform, Micro Edition (Java ME)

Copyright 2010, Bioinfo Publications,

Journal of Intelligence Systems, Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2010
AUTOMATIC RESPONSE SYSTEM USING SMS

In computing, the Java Platform, Micro (which is hosted on Application Server),

Edition or Java ME (previously known as Application running on server retrieves the
Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition or J2ME) is message from the midlet application
method then the data retrieve methods
a specification of a subset of the Java
fires a Query through Transaction
platform aimed at providing a certified processor and retrieve desired data. The
collection of Java APIs for the desired information, which we get, is in the
development of software for small, form of a text string. This string is then
resource-constrained devices such as cell formatted in a systematic form by a result
phones, PDAs and set-top boxes. Java method and sent back to the midlet
ME was designed by Sun Microsystems application on the mobile device. Now rest
task will be looking after by the MIDP
and is a replacement for a similar
application. Finally the downloaded
technology, Personal Java. Originally information from the server is converted in
developed under the Java Community to the form of message and displayed on
Process as JSR 68, the different flavors of the screen of the mobile.
Java ME have evolved in separate JSRs.
Sun provides a reference implementation
of the specification, but has tended not to
provide free binary implementations of its
Java ME runtime environment for mobile
devices, rather relying on third parties to
provide their own. Java ME has become a
popular option for creating games for cell
phones, as they can be emulated on a PC
during the development stage and easily
uploaded to phones. This contrasts with Application server running Remote mobile
the difficulty of developing, testing, and web services and GPRS enabled java
application
loading games for other special gaming Fig 1- Architecture for Automatic Response System
platforms such as those made by
Nintendo, Sony, Microsoft, and others, as 8. Use Case Diagram for Interactive
expensive system-specific hardware and Response System Using SMS
kits are required. Java ME devices
implement a profile. The most common of In this system we have actors like (as
these are the Mobile Information Device shown in fig 4.3 below ) java enabled
mobile responsible for the interaction with
Profile aimed at mobile devices, such as
the use case named send message,
cell phones, and the Personal Profile another actor named server used for
aimed at consumer products and extraction of instruction carried out by the
embedded devices like Set-top boxes and usecase processing of messages this
PDAs. usecase process the incomming message
for further querry execution which will
7. Architecture Description extract the desired information from the
database. Use Case diagram for
As shown in fig 4.2 Remote Mobile Interactive Response System through
initiates a Data Request is made form a SMS.
GPRS enabled mobile Device. Message
sent over GPRS link over the air (OTA) is
then captured by the Midlet application
then http connection method is activated
and a connection is established with the
server on wireless local area network.
Device Message then read by Java Mobile
Application (midlet) running on Mobile
Device and suitable decoding (formatting)
of message is done After Message is
decoded to suitable format, message is
sent to Java Messaging Service Queue Fig 2- Use case Diagram for SMS

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Journal of Intelligence Systems, Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2010
 RAJESH K. RAI AND KALPANA RAI

In this process other two use cases are communication service for mobile devices
also involved retrieve search identifier and that allows data to be sent and received
search and finally the outcome is across a mobile telephone network. GPRS
converted into the form of SMS and sent
is a step towards 3G(third generation) and
to the mobile device with the help of
receive message. is often referred to as 2.5G. GPRS is
packet switched technology using this
Conclusion Higher connection speeds are attainable
at around 56118 kbps, a vast
As if now we are very much aquainted with
improvement on circuit switched networks
(GSM) Global System for Mobile
communications is the most popular of 9.6 kbps. By combining standard GSM
standard for mobile phones in the world. time slots theoretical speeds of 171.2 kbps
Its promoter, the GSM Association, are attainable. However in the very short
estimates that 82% of the global mobile term, speeds of 20-50 kbps are more
market uses the standard. GSM is used by realistic.
over 2 billion people across more than 212
countries and territories. Its ubiquity GPRS is an always-on service. There is
makes international roaming very common no need to dial up like you have to send
between mobile phone operators, enabling
something on a home PC for instance.
subscribers to use their phones in many
parts of the world. GSM differs from its This feature is not unique to GPRS but is
predecessors in that both signaling and an important standard that will no doubt be
speech channels are digital call quality, a key feature for migration to 3G. It makes
and so is considered a second generation services instantaneously available to a
(2G) mobile phone system. This has also device.
meant that data communication was built
into the system using the 3rd Generation As we have discussed above about data
Partnership Project (3GPP). sending over GSM service is quite slaky
and slow and full of errors also as it is
The key advantage of GSM systems to based on circuit switching. Hence Due to
consumers has been better voice quality its high-speed connection and always-on
and low-cost alternatives to making calls, connectivity GPRS enables full Internet
such as the Short message service (SMS, applications and services such as video
also called "text messaging"). The conferencing straight to your desktop or
advantage for network operators has been mobile device. Users are able to explore
the Internet or their own corporate
the ease of deploying equipment from any
networks more efficiently than they could
vendors that implement the standard. Like when using GSM. There is often no need
other cellular standards, GSM allows to redevelop existing applications.
network operators to offer roaming
services so that subscribers can use their GSM network providers do not have to
phones on GSM networks all over the start from scratch to deploy GPRS. GPRS
world.the major drawback of GSM is an upgrade to the existing network that
sits along side the GSM network. This
technology that it is totally based on circuit
makes it easier to deploy, there is little or
switching methodology; here we can only no downtime of the existing GSM network
get better voice quality rather than the while the implementation takes place,
data that we want to transfer on the most updates are software so they can be
device. Other than this the connection is administered remotely and it allows GSM
totally dedicated between two devices (like providers to add value to their business at
relatively small costs. The GSM network
mobile devices).GPRS is the technology
still provides voice and the GPRS network
through which we can achieve multicasting handles data, because of this voice and
means same information or data can be data can be sent and received at the same
sent simultaneously over the Air on time.
different devices at the same time. As we have discussed in detail about the
current technology, which we are
Moreover regarding GPRS (General supposed to develop, will going to be very
Packet Radio Service) it is a packet based helpful in the present scenario of

Copyright 2010, Bioinfo Publications,

Journal of Intelligence Systems, Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2010
AUTOMATIC RESPONSE SYSTEM USING SMS

education system as we are heading [11] Avenoglu B. Using Mobile

towards the third generation of the Communication Tools In Web Based
information technology. Instruction, http://www.cag.lcs.mit.edu/
[12] Robson R. (2004) Mobile
The above proposed and developed Learning and Handheld Devices in
application is a mobile application for the Classroom, www.eduworks.com
adding values to an institution. This
application can only run on the cell phone
having GPRS enabled services with them.
This application can further be enhanced
by adding various features to it like we can
send and receive various information
regarding students on a cell over the air
(OTA). Even a student can view their
assignments on the mobile phone by just
using certain services that can be availed
from the server.

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Journal of Intelligence Systems, Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2010