IELTS academic writing task 2 ( IELTS Essay Writing) requires a candidate to

use a large range of vocabulary. Connective words and phrases are very
important to finish the academic writing task 2 essay in a logical and
coherent way. You must use the transitional or connective words in your task
2 as it is counted as one of the important factors to achieve a better score in
academic IELTS writing 2. The essay writing for IELTS require you show your
logics, reasonings, examples, points and to make your standing stronger and
to show evidences or examples in a coherent and logical way you have to
use these connective words. However do not over use the linking phrases or
connective phrases just to show that you know so many of them. Use those
connective phrases/ words or linking phrases/ words properly.

The general format for writing academic writing task 2/ IELTS Essay
is as follows:

Introduction + your opinion/ your thinking/ your point of view/

whether you agree or disagree/ main advantages or
disadvantages +

2nd paragraph with example, explanation, evidence and extra

details +

3rd paragraph with example, explanation, evidence and extra

details +

4th paragraph with example, explanation, evidence and extra

details +

.................
.................

Conclusion + restating the main point of your discussion/ your

position on the issue.

Vocabulary for the Introduction Part:

In the introduction part of your IETLS essay you should write sentences
relevant to the topic given and generally accepted ideas about it. Use your
best English here as it will attract or bore your reader about the whole
writing. You will make or break your impression in this paragraph. Be very
cautious about the introduction part. Never just copy the sentence of the
question. If you really need to, use synonyms and different sentence
structure.

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Examples:
1) Mobile phone and Internet are two great innovation of science for
communication and had been facilitating people for a long time. These two
technologies are widely used in almost all the countries of the world and had
become parts of our daily lives. We can't deny the usefulness of these
technologies as they had made our life easier than it was ever before. In my
opinion the advantages of these two devices far outweigh the demerits they
have.

2) Every human being with an ambition of getting higher knowledge requires

attending colleges or universities. The main reason of attending universities
or colleges may differ man to man. Someone may aspire to achieve greater
knowledge, someone may just want to earn a certificate or someone might
attribute it as a step towards career development.

3) Compared with people in the past, we concern far less on the preparation
of food today, thanks to the development of agriculture and scientific
technology. A fair amount of beneficial influence is occurring to us
consequently.

Vocabulary for the opinion Part:

According to the essay types (Learn what are the IELTS essay types) use one
of the following connective words/ linking phrases to write down your opinion
However remember that if the question does not ask you to give your
opinion but to compare advantages and disadvantages, then you should not
strongly express your opinion. Opinion should only be written for opinion
essays.

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In my opinion......
I strongly opine that........
I strongly agree with the idea that.......
I strongly disagree with the given topic....
I think.....
My opinion is that.....
In my view.....
I believe.....
Apparently.....
Personaly speaking.....
According to me.....
From my point of view..... (Not 'In my point of view')
From my perspective.....
I realize.....
To my way of thinking.....
It seems to me that.....
To me.....
It appears that.....
I feel that.....
I understand.....
I suppose.....
Examples:
1) But in my opinion, giving the access of mobile phone & internet to each
and every unemployed person is a matter of great dispute. I believe, this
idea can help the countries who have sufficient funds for the whole fiscal
year and already adopted technologies like internet for a very long period.
But this might turn out as a complete loss for an undeveloped country.

2) I believe, parents are always teaching us in many ways intentionally and

unintentionally; however vocal guidelines and acting in daily bases activities
are the ways of the life experience knowledge transfer regardless different
culture, language, facilities or economy level of the family.

3) I strongly agree with the idea that the gender issue is only a determinant
in the battle of the sexes, not the battles among nations and peoples. It is
therefore impertinent, if not irrational, to conclude that world conflicts result
from the rule of a particular gender and the finer sex would do a better job at
prevailing peace if selectively put at the helm of human nations.

Vocabulary for the 2nd paragraph Part:

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It is true that.....
First.....
First of all.....
Firstly.....
Initially.....
To begin with.....
To start with.....
In the first place.....
Though it is true that.....
Some people believe that.....
Many people think that.....
According to many.....
Some people believe that.....
Many support the view that.....
On the one hand.....
Examples:
1) It is true that, an unemployed persons having a mobile phone with
internet connection can get more access to the local and foreign job sectors
and can use these technologies to get a job or become self-employed.

2) First of all, the maximum numbers of cars are owned by the rich people
and fuel price would not restrain them from using the cars. The price of fuel
in fact increased significantly over the past 12 years and that has done
nothing to reduce the car usages.

3) To begin, houses that are being constructed by those in the lower income
groups do look at the most cost effective option. In the process they
invariably explore cheaper options that include a compromise on material
and construction quality.

Vocabulary for the 3rd, 4th ...... paragraph Part:

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Second(ly)..... (Not 'Second of all')
Third(ly).....
Then.....
Next.....
After that.....
And.....
Again.....
Also.....
Besides.....
Likewise.....
In addition.....
Consequently.....
Whats more.....
Furthermore.....
Moreover.....
Other people think that.....
Other people believe that.....
On the other hand.....
Apart from that.....
Finally.....
Examples:
1) Besides, unemployed persons living in urban areas; can easily get the
information related to the job-offering companies with these
technologies................ Furthermore, the use of these technology give them
advantages than others.......

2) Besides, people would learn more about the outer space as the
experiment and scientific research is outer space is going on more steadily
than ever.

3) Apart from that, computers would become more powerful and they will
have superior artificial intelligence. We will have robots to do the hazardous
works like mining and outer space research. Surprisingly, e-commerce would
be in more convenient form and most of the people will purchase online
rather than going to shops in person.

Vocabulary to show comparison:

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In the same way.....
Likewise.....
Similarly.....
Like the previous point.....
Similar to.....
Also.....
At the same time.....
Just as.....
Examples:
1) Similarly, all the companies and offices are becoming automated and
using computers, internet and other technologies vastly than any other time
in history.......

2) At the same time software could used for many purposes such as learning
through computers, accounting in computers, drawing, storage of
information, sending information from one person to other person etc.

3) Also reading books is like peeking into the minds of the greatest people - A
book is like a conversation with the writer and reading many books gives us
an insight into the thinking process of different writers.

Vocabulary to show contrast:

On the other hand.....

On the contrary.....
However.....
But.....
Nonetheless/ Nevertheless.....
Oppositely.....
Alternatively.....
Unlike.....
While.....
Whilst.....
Even though.....
Alternatively.....
In contrast to this.....
Then again.....
On the other hand.....
Examples:
1) On the contrary, poor countries suffer from the lack of sufficient budgets

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to ensure some very basic needs of people like health, education, medicines
etc. Then again, those countries don't have a chance to spend a lot of money
to initiate a superficial project........

2) Unlike a TV, a radio cannot display an image or a video, and the

communication is limited to voice only. Typically, a radio is used for access
information such as news and live traffic updates.........

3) In contrast to this, the consumption of fuels to run the car is contributing

to the rise if global warming and affecting the ozone layer. So, using bicycle
in cities would be a better alternative.........

Vocabulary to show an example:

As an example.....
For instance.....
For example.....
Like.....
As.....
Such as.....
Particularly.....
In particular.....
Namely.....
To show an example.....
As an evidence.....
To illustrate.....
To paraphrase.....
Examples:
1) For instance, there is no guaranty that all unemployed person will use the
technology positively........

2) As an example, many Government of the first world countries have

initiated other projects like:.........

3) For example, if a public bus gets busted in the middle of a road, the
passenger can easily leave it a look for another one.

Always sue a comma (,) after 'For example', 'for instance' etc.

Vocabulary to show consequence, effects or result:

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As a result.....
Consequently.....
As an effect.....
Thus.....
So.....
The reason why.....
Therefore.....
Hence.....
Eventually.....
For this reason.....
Thereby.....
Examples:
1) Therefore, we should avoid using our budget in an uncertain project........

2) As a result, people are struggling much to lead a healthy and secure

life.........

3) Consequently, local residents will be able to find more job opportunities in

this factory and have a better socio-economic status.........

Vocabulary to sum up at the end of a paragraph:

To sum up.....
In short.....
In a word.....
To put it simply.....
That is to say.....
To repeat in short....
To summarise....
Examples:
1) In a word, I think, the idea can be very useful for the developing countries
but for us, it might be a sinister.........

2) That is to say, we must ensure the safety of our children first.........

3) In short, overall infrastructure of the area will develope.

N.B. The above vocabulary are speacifically useful while finishing a

paragraph. You can use these words/ phrases to re-state your topic of the
paragraph.

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 Vocabulary to make a point strong:

Although.....
Thought.....
Nonetheless.....
Nevertheless.....
Still.....
Yet.....
Must.....
Aafter all.....
Even if.....
Therefore.....
Thus.....
Examples:
1) Although, Parents are important teachers in our lives and none can deny
their invaluable role to make us what we are, but they aren't always the best
teachers.......

2) Thus air and water pollution caused by this factory will ruin the local
environment and wildlife fundamentally.........

3) Although industrialization is necessary for growth, but it must be

regulated. The proper measures must be in place to reduce the negative
impacts of byproducts on environment.

Other transitional words / connective words:

Then.....
Else.....
Otherwise.....
Besides.....
As soon as.....
As much as.....
Examples:
1) They take care of the children as much as parents do..................

2) As soon as we realize the problem ..................

3) Otherwise, the unemployed graduates' number will keep on

increasing..................

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 Some correct and incorrect expressions:

Correct Incorrect
In my opinion From my opinion
From my point of view... In my point of view
Second/ Secondly Second of all
On the other hand On other hand
Last but not the least Last but not least
In conclusion/ To conclude... In a nutshell.

Vocabulary for the conclusion part:

In conclusion.....
In summary.....
To conclude.....
To conclude with.....
To sum up.....
In general.....
To summarize.....
In short.....
All in all....
Overall.....
On the whole.....
To draw the conclusion....
In a nut Shell.....
To elucidate.... ('To elucidate' means - 'make something clear' or 'to
explain'.)
(Useful Tip: Avoid using 'In a nutshell' as it is not formal. Use 'In
conclusion/ to conclude' instead.)

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Examples:
1) In general, even though it is preferable to study English in an English-
speaking country, a reasonable level of English can be achieved in one's own
country, if a student is gifted and dedicated to study.

2) To sum up, if the population explosion continues, many more people will
die of starvation in poor countries, and life in the cities, even in affluent
nations, will become increasingly difficult.

3) To conclude, I recommend that the only sensible way to solve this problem
is to educate young people about the dangers of drug use, and to take steps
to reduce the pressure of competition placed upon them.

4) In conclusion, nuclear technology certainly has positive uses but is

nonetheless dangerous. However, it would have been better if it had never
been used to create nuclear weapons. If life on Earth is to continue, all the
nuclear nations of the world should agree to disarm as soon as possible.

N.B. The conclusion part of the IELTS Essay or IELTS Academic writing task 2
usually begins with a special concluding phrase that links it to the rest of the
essay. Notice that a conditional sentence can be very effective in the
conclusion. One reason for this is that it can refer to what might occur as a
result of your suggestions or recommendations. Of course, you can use
conditional sentences elsewhere in your essay as well. If you do use
conditionals, be sure that the construction of your sentences is
grammatically correct.

Also, in a short essay of approximately 250 words the conclusion can be just
one or two sentences long. The conclusion should briefly sum up what you
have said in your essay, and does not usually contribute a new idea, unless it
is a minor point. However, it is a good place to make recommendations or
suggestions, or to give advice and offer solutions, if you are asked to do so.

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