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Object-Oriented Programming (CS F213) : BITS Pilani

This document discusses reading input from the keyboard in Java using the Scanner class. It introduces streams as sequences of data that can be used for input and output. The System class contains static fields for standard input and output streams connected to the keyboard and display. The Scanner class can be used to read input by creating a Scanner instance with System.in, then calling methods like next(), nextInt(), etc. to retrieve input as strings or primitive types. An example demonstrates reading a name, age, and sex from the keyboard or in a single line using whitespace as a delimiter.

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SAURABH MITTAL
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86 views10 pages

Object-Oriented Programming (CS F213) : BITS Pilani

This document discusses reading input from the keyboard in Java using the Scanner class. It introduces streams as sequences of data that can be used for input and output. The System class contains static fields for standard input and output streams connected to the keyboard and display. The Scanner class can be used to read input by creating a Scanner instance with System.in, then calling methods like next(), nextInt(), etc. to retrieve input as strings or primitive types. An example demonstrates reading a name, age, and sex from the keyboard or in a single line using whitespace as a delimiter.

Uploaded by

SAURABH MITTAL
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Object-Oriented Programming (CS F213)

Module I: Object-Oriented and Java Basics


CS F213 RL 6.6: Reading From Console in Java

BITS Pilani Dr. Pankaj Vyas


Department of Computer Science, BITS-Pilani, Pilani Campus
CS F213 RL 6.6 : Topics

Reading Inputs from Keyboard in Java


What is Stream
Introduction to System class
Reading Inputs From Keyboard via Scanner
class

2 Object-Oriented Programming (CS F213)


What is Stream?
Stream is a sequence of data. [Channel Through which data moves]
Program may require to read data from various sources [Keyboard,
Files, etc.)
Programs may require to write the data to various destinations [Console,
Printer, Files etc.]
InputStream Reads Data From Data Sources. [Data Moves from Data
Source to Program]

OutputStream Writes Data to Destinations. [Data Moves from


Program to Data Destination]

3 Object-Oriented Programming (CS F213)


System class in Java

<public> and <final> class in java.lang package.

public final class System extends Object


{
System.in is "standard" input stream.
This stream is already open and ready
static InputStream in; to supply input data.
Typically this stream corresponds to
keyboard input

System.out "standard" output stream.


This stream is already open and ready
static PrintStream out; to accept output data.
Typically this stream corresponds to
display output over console.
}// End of class System

4 Object-Oriented Programming (CS F213)


Reading Input Using Scanner
Scanner class is introduced in Java 1.5
To use Scanner class, import java.util package
Important Constructor Methods of Scanner class
Scanner(File source) Constructs a new Scanner that produces values scanned from
the specified file.
Scanner(InputStream source) Constructs a new Scanner that produces values scanned
from the specified input stream.
Steps to Use Scanner class for keyboard input
Step 1: Create a Scanner Instance using System.in as parameter
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
Step 2: Use a suitable Scanner class Method shown in the next slide
Scanner class reads input in the form of tokens.
A token is a block of text which may contain values of multiple fields separated via delimiters.
A delimiter is a character that separates the values of different fields. Whitespace character is
the default delimiter. [Genral Demiliters are , ; etc]
Examples: Suppose you reading the name, age and sex of a person as an input in a single
line.
David 20 M (white space default delimiter)
David,20,M (comma is used as delimiter)

5 Object-Oriented Programming (CS F213)


Important Scanner class
Methods
String next() Finds and returns the next complete token from this scanner.
boolean nextBoolean() Scans the next token of the input into a boolean
value and returns that value.
byte nextByte() Scans the next token of the input as a byte.
double nextDouble() Scans the next token of the input as a double.
float nextFloat() Scans the next token of the input as a float.
int nextInt() Scans the next token of the input as an int.
String nextLine() Advances this scanner past the current line and returns the
input that was skipped.
long nextLong() Scans the next token of the input as a long.
short nextShort() Scans the next token of the input as a short.

6 Object-Oriented Programming (CS F213)


Scanner class Example
// File Name: Test.java
// Program Reads Name, age and sex of a person and then displays the read values on console
import java.util.*; // To use Scanner class
class Test
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
// Step 1 : Create a Scanner Instance using System.in
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("Enter Name, Age and Sex of the Person");

// Step 2 : Use Suitable Scanner class Methods

String name = sc.next(); // Reads Name


int age = sc.nextInt(); // Reads Age
String sex = sc.next(); // Reads Sex

System.out.println("Name : " + name + "Age: "+age+" Sex: "+sex);

}// End of Method


}// End of class Test
7 Object-Oriented Programming (CS F213)
Scanner class Example
You can Input the value of each field in a separate
line or on the same line using whitespace character
as a delimiter

Inputs in Separate Lines Inputs in Same Line


F:\>java Test
F:\>java Test
Enter Name, Age and Sex of the Person
Enter Name, Age and Sex of the Person
David
David 30 M
30
Name : DavidAge: 30 Sex: M
M
Name : DavidAge: 30 Sex: M

8 Object-Oriented Programming (CS F213)


Scanner class Example
Mismatched Type Values May Results into
Exceptions
F:\>java Test
Enter Name, Age and Sex of the Person
David S 20
Exception in thread "main" java.util.InputMismatchException
at java.util.Scanner.throwFor(Unknown Source)
at java.util.Scanner.next(Unknown Source)
at java.util.Scanner.nextInt(Unknown Source)
at java.util.Scanner.nextInt(Unknown Source)
at Test.main(its.java:14)

9 Object-Oriented Programming (CS F213)


Thank You

10 Object-Oriented Programming (CS F213)

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