Nadia Karima Izzaty

1306369466

Dept. Teknik Sipil

4.1.1. Figure 4.1.5(b) shows the profiles through time of soil moisture head h, with
vertical lines at weekly intervals. Calculate the soil moisture flux q between 0.8 m and 1.0
m at weekly intervals using the relationship K = 250(-)-2.11, where K is hydraulic
conductivity (cm/day) and if/ is soil suction head (cm).

Suction Suction hydraulic Head

Total head Total head Moisture
Week head at head at conductivity difference
at 0.8 m at 1 m flux q
0.8 m 1m K h1-h2
1 -140 -170 -60 -70 0.037384608 30 -0.05607691
2 -155 -185 -75 -85 0.024122379 30 -0.03618357
3 -115 -150 -35 -50 0.091630354 35 -0.16035312
4 -145 -165 -65 -65 0.037384608 20 -0.03738461
5 -125 -170 -45 -70 0.048421792 45 -0.10894903
6 -105 -160 -25 -60 0.091630354 55 -0.25198347
7 -135 -110 -55 -10 0.161386096 -25 0.20173262
8 -145 -150 -65 -50 0.048421792 5 -0.01210545
9 -150 -155 -70 -55 0.040610017 5 -0.0101525
10 -165 -185 -85 -85 0.021225898 20 -0.0212259
11 -185 -200 -105 -100 0.01429923 15 -0.01072442
12 -200 -240 -120 -140 0.008660033 40 -0.01732007
13 -225 -250 -145 -150 0.006634204 25 -0.00829276
14 -260 -280 -180 -180 0.004358279 20 -0.00435828

4.2.3. For Horton's equation suppose f0 = 5 cm/h, f = 1 cm/h, and k = 2 h -1. Determine
the cumulative infiltration after 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 h. Plot the infiltration rate and
cumulative infiltration as functions of time. Plot the infiltration rate as a function of the
cumulative infiltration. Assume continuously ponded conditions.

() = + (0 )

0
() = + (1 )

 Time f0 f k f(t) F(t)
0 5 1 2 5 0
0.5 5 1 2 2.471518 1.764241
1 5 1 2 1.541341 2.729329
1.5 5 1 2 1.199148 3.400426
2 5 1 2 1.073263 3.963369

Cumulative Infiltration and Infiltration Rate

vs. Time
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

Cumulative Infiltration Infiltration Rate

Cumulative Infiltration vs. Infiltration Rate

6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5

Series1

4.2.6. Suppose the parameters for Philip's equation are sorptivity S = 5 cm-h~1/2 and K
= 0.4 cm/h. Determine the cumulative infiltration after 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 h. Plot the
infiltration rate and the cumulative infiltration as functions of time. Plot the infiltration
rate as a function of the cumulative infiltration. Assume continuously ponded conditions.
 Time S K F(t) f(t)
0 5 0.4 0 0
0.5 5 0.4 3.735534 3.935534
1 5 0.4 5.4 2.9
1.5 5 0.4 6.723724 2.441241
2 5 0.4 7.871068 2.167767

Cumulative Infiltration and Infiltration Rate vs. Time

6
4
2
0
-2 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

-4
-6
-8
-10

Cumulative Infiltration Infiltration Rate

Cumulative Infiltration vs. Infiltration Rate

9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5

4.2.8. The infiltration into a YoIo light clay as a function of time for a steady rainfall
rate of 0.5 cm/h is as follows (Skaggs, 1982):
Determine the parameters fo, fc, and k for Horton's equation. Assume that ponding
occurs at t = 1.07 h.

Cumulative Infiltration
t (h) In (fp-fc)
Infiltration (cm) Rate (cm/h)
0 0 0.5 -1.10866
1.07 0.54 0.5 -1.10866
1.53 0.75 0.37 -1.60944
2.3 1 0.29 -2.12026
3.04 1.2 0.25 -2.52573
3.89 1.4 0.22 -2.99573
4.85 1.6 0.2 -3.50656
7.06 2 0.17

Chart Title
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
-0.5
-1

-1.5

-2
-2.5

-3
y = -0.5424x - 0.8469
-3.5
R = 0.9654
-4

= +

= = 0.5424 1

0 = 0.8469 = 0.4287

= 0.17

0 = (0 ) + = 0.5987

4.2.11. Solve Prob. 4.2.10 for a sandy soil with parameters S = 9.0 cm-h~m and K = 10
cm/h. Assume continuously ponded conditions.
 Time S K F(t) f(t)
0 9 10 0 0
0.5 9 10 11.36396 16.36396
1 9 10 19 14.5
1.5 9 10 26.0227 13.67423
2 9 10 32.72792 13.18198
2.5 9 10 39.23025 12.84605
3 9 10 45.58846 12.59808

Cumulative Infiltration and Infiltration Rate vs.

Time
50

40

30

20

10

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5

Cumulative Infiltration vs. Infiltration Rate

18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0 10 20 30 40 50

4.3.4. For the soil of Prob. 4.3.3, compute the cumulative infiltration after one hour for
initial effective saturations of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 percent. Draw a graph of
cumulative infiltration vs. initial effective saturation.

()
() = + (1 + )

 Nilai F(t) di ruas kanan didapatkan melalui beberapa kali iterasi hingga tercapai
konvergensi nilai F(t)

Initial Kt F(t)
0 0.423 0.143143 0.05 0.155054
20 0.3384 0.114515 0.05 0.142639
40 0.2538 0.085886 0.05 0.128608
60 0.1692 0.057257 0.05 0.112089
80 0.0846 0.028629 0.05 0.090919
100 0 0 0.05 0

Initial Effective Saturation vs. Cumulative

Infiltration
0.2

0.15

0.1

0.05

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Series1

4.4.3. Compute the ponding time and cumulative infiltration at ponding for a clay loam
soil with a 25 percent initial effective saturation subject to a rainfall intensity of (a) 1 cm/h
(b) 3 cm/h.

=
( )

= .

+
( ) = ( )
+

i initial tp Fp F
1 0.25 0.23175 4.83894 0.53766 0.53766 0.59439
3 0.25 0.23175 4.83894 0.05562 0.16686 0.284533
 Nilai F(t) di ruas kanan didapatkan melalui beberapa kali iterasi hingga tercapai
konvergensi nilai F(t)

4.4.4. Calculate the cumulative infiltration and the infiltration rate after one hour of
rainfall at 3 cm/h on a clay loam with a 25 percent initial effective saturation.

=
( )

= .

+
( ) = ( )
+

= ( + 1)

= 0.284533 ( 4.4.3)

= 1.8 /

4.4.10. A soil has Horton's equation parameters fo = 10 cm/h, f = 4 cm/h and k = 2 h-1.
Calculate the ponding time and cumulative infiltration at ponding under a rainfall of 6
cm/h.

1 0
= [0 + ln ( )]
.

1 10 4
= [10 6 + 4 ln ( )] = 0.699
62 6 4

0
= + (1 )

10 4
= (4 1) + (1 21 )
2

= 5.0376