BS 200

BS-200/BS-220 Chemistry Analyzer
Service Manual
2010 Shenzhen Mindray Bio-medical Electronics Co., Ltd. All rights Reserved.
For this Service Manual, the issued Date is 2010-10 (Version: 2.0).
Intellectual Property Statement

SHENZHEN MINDRAY BIO-MEDICAL ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. (hereinafter called
Mindray) owns the intellectual property rights to this Mindray product and this
manual. This manual may refer to information protected by copyrights or patents and
does not convey any license under the patent rights of Mindray, nor the rights of
others. Mindray does not assume any liability arising out of any infringements of
patents or other rights of third parties.
Mindray intends to maintain the contents of this manual as confidential information.

Disclosure of the information in this manual in any manner whatsoever without the
written permission of Mindray is strictly forbidden.
Release, amendment, reproduction, distribution, rent, adaption and translation of this

manual in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of Mindray is
strictly forbidden.
, , , , , are the
registered trademarks or trademarks owned by Mindray in China and other countries.
All other trademarks that appear in this manual are used only for editorial purposes
without the intention of improperly using them. They are the property of their
respective owners.
Responsibility on the Manufacturer Party

Contents of this manual are subject to changes without prior notice.
All information contained in this manual is believed to be correct. Mindray shall not
be liable for errors contained herein nor for incidental or consequential damages in
connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this manual.
Mindray is responsible for safety, reliability and performance of this product only in
the condition that:
all installation operations, expansions, changes, modifications and repairs of

this product are conducted by Mindray authorized personnel;
the electrical installation of the relevant room complies with the applicable
national and local requirements;
the product is used in accordance with the instructions for use.
i
Upon request, Mindray may provide, with compensation, necessary circuit diagrams,
calibration illustration list and other information to help qualified technician to
maintain and repair some parts, which Mindray may define as user serviceable.
WARNING:
It is important for the hospital or organization that employs this
equipment to carry out a reasonable service/maintenance plan.
Neglect of this may result in machine breakdown or injury of human
health.
NOTE:
This equipment is to be operated only by medical professionals trained
and authorized by Mindray or Mindray-authorized distributors.
Warranty
THIS WARRANTY IS EXCLUSIVE AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES,
EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Exemptions
Mindray's obligation or liability under this warranty does not include any
transportation or other charges or liability for direct, indirect or consequential
damages or delay resulting from the improper use or application of the product or the
use of parts or accessories not approved by Mindray or repairs by people other than
Mindray authorized personnel.
This warranty shall not extend to:
any Mindray product which has been subjected to misuse, negligence or

accident;
any Mindray product from which Mindray's original serial number tag or product
identification markings have been altered or removed;
any product of any other manufacturer.
ii
Return Policy
Return Procedure
In the event that it becomes necessary to return this product or part of this product to
Mindray, the following procedure should be followed:
1. Obtain return authorization: Contact the Mindray Service Department and obtain
a Customer Service Authorization (Mindray) number. The Mindray number must
appear on the outside of the shipping container. Returned shipments will not be
accepted if the Mindray number is not clearly visible. Please provide the model
number, serial number, and a brief description of the reason for return.
2. Freight policy: The customer is responsible for freight charges when this
product is shipped to Mindray for service (this includes customs charges).
3. Return address: Please send the part(s) or equipment to the address offered by
Customer Service department
Company Contact
Manufacturer: Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd.
Address: Mindray Building, Keji 12th Road South, Hi-tech Industrial Park,
Nanshan, ShenZhen 518057, P.R.China,
Tel: +86 755 26582479 26582888
Fax: +86 755 26582934 26582500
iii
Preface
Who Should Read This Manual

This manual is written for service personnel authorized by Mindray.
Conventions Used in This Manual
Safety Symbols
In this manual, the signal words BIOHAZARD, WARNING, CAUTION

and NOTE are used regarding safety and other important instructions. The signal
words and their meanings are defined as follows. Please understand their meanings
clearly before reading this manual.
When you see Then

WARNING: Read the statement following the symbol. The
statement is alerting you to an operating hazard
that can cause personal injury.
Read the statement following the symbol. The
BIOHAZARD: statement is alerting you to a potentially
biohazardous condition.
CAUTION: Read the statement following the symbol. The

statement is alerting you to a possibility of
system damage or unreliable results.
Read the statement following the symbol. The
NOTE: statement is alerting you to information that
requires your attention.
Graphics
All graphics, including screens and printout, are for illustration purpose only and
must not be used for any other purposes.
EC Representative
Name: Shanghai International Holding Corp. GmbH (Europe)
Address: Eiffestrasse 80 D-20537 Hamburg Germany
Tel: +49 40 2513174
Fax: +49 40 255726
iv
Contents
Intellectual Property Statement................................................................................................... i
Responsibility on the Manufacturer Party ................................................................................. i
Warranty ....................................................................................................................................... ii
Exemptions..............................................................................................................................ii
Return Policy .............................................................................................................................. iii

Return Procedure...................................................................................................................iii
Company Contact...................................................................................................................iii
Preface......................................................................................................................................... iv
Who Should Read This Manual .............................................................................................iv
Conventions Used in This Manual .........................................................................................iv
1 Specifications.................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1 General Features................................................................................................. 1-1
1.2 Features of Loading System................................................................................ 1-1
1.3 Features of Photometric System ......................................................................... 1-2
1.4 Operating Interface.............................................................................................. 1-2
2 System Installation ........................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 Space and Accessibility Requirements................................................................ 2-1
2.2 Power Requirements ........................................................................................... 2-1
2.3 Environmental Requirements .............................................................................. 2-2
2.3.1 Installation Environment Requirements................................................ 2-2
2.3.2 Temperature and Humidity Requirements............................................ 2-2
2.4 Installation Procedure .......................................................................................... 2-3
2.4.1 Preparation for Installation ................................................................... 2-3
2.4.2 Beforehand Check................................................................................ 2-3
2.4.3 Hardware Installation............................................................................ 2-4
2.4.4 Software Installation ........................................................................... 2-12
2.4.5 Turning on the analyzer...................................................................... 2-12
2.4.6 Adjusting............................................................................................. 2-13
2.4.7 Setup and Test.................................................................................... 2-15
2.4.8 Training............................................................................................... 2-15
3 System Description .......................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1 General ................................................................................................................ 3-1
3.1.1 System Structure .................................................................................. 3-1
3.1.2 Work Flow............................................................................................. 3-2
3.2 Major Components .............................................................................................. 3-3
3.2.1 Dispensing System............................................................................... 3-3
3.2.2 Temperature Control System................................................................ 3-5
3.2.3 Photometric System ............................................................................. 3-8
3.2.4 Fluid System......................................................................................... 3-9
3.2.5 ISE Unit (optional) .............................................................................. 3-11
4 Functions of Boards ......................................................................................................... 4-1
1
Contents
4.1 Hardware System ................................................................................................ 4-1

4.1.1 Control Framework ............................................................................... 4-1
4.1.2 Main Board ........................................................................................... 4-2
4.1.3 Drive Board........................................................................................... 4-3
4.1.4 Pre-amp Board ..................................................................................... 4-4
4.1.5 AD Conversion Board........................................................................... 4-4
4.1.6 Reagent Refrigeration Board................................................................ 4-5
4.1.7 Level Detection Board .......................................................................... 4-5
4.1.8 Reaction Disk Temperature Sampling Board ....................................... 4-6
4.1.9 Three Probes Connection Board.......................................................... 4-6
4.1.10 ISE Power Board .................................................................................. 4-6
4.1.11 Heater Voltage Selecting Board ........................................................... 4-6
4.2 On Board LED Indication..................................................................................... 4-6
4.3 Power Supply Unit ............................................................................................... 4-8
4.3.1 Features of Power Supply Unit............................................................. 4-9
4.3.2 Protective Function of Power Supply Unit.......................................... 4-10
4.3.3 Block Diagram .................................................................................... 4-11
5 Software Introduction....................................................................................................... 5-1

5.1 Software Structure and Response Mechanism ................................................... 5-1
5.1.1 Operating Software .............................................................................. 5-1
5.1.2 Control Software................................................................................... 5-7
5.2 Software Installation ............................................................................................ 5-8
6 Maintenance and Service................................................................................................. 6-1

6.1 Cleaning and Washing......................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.1 Cleaning Probe..................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.2 Cleaning Mixing Bar ............................................................................. 6-2
6.1.3 Cleaning Sample/Reagent Compartment ............................................ 6-2
6.1.4 Cleaning Wash Well of Probe............................................................... 6-3
6.1.5 Cleaning Wash Well of Mixing Bar ....................................................... 6-3
6.1.6 Cleaning Panel of Analyzing Unit ......................................................... 6-3
6.1.7 Washing Deionized Water Tank ........................................................... 6-3
6.1.8 Washing Waste Tank ............................................................................ 6-4
6.1.9 Washing Dust Screens ......................................................................... 6-5
6.2 Replacing............................................................................................................. 6-5
6.2.1 Unclogging Probe ................................................................................. 6-6
6.2.2 Replacing Probe ................................................................................. 6-10
6.2.3 Replacing Mixing Bar ......................................................................... 6-10
6.2.4 Replacing Plunger Assembly of Syringe ............................................ 6-11
6.2.5 Replacing Lamp ................................................................................. 6-13
6.2.6 Replacing the Filter ............................................................................ 6-16
6.2.7 Replacing the Optical Fiber ................................................................ 6-20
6.3 Bar Code Reader Adjustment............................................................................ 6-22
6.3.1 Adjusting Sample Bar Code Reader .................................................. 6-22
6.3.2 Adjusting Reagent Bar Code Reader ................................................. 6-24
6.4 ISE Unit(optional) Maintenance......................................................................... 6-25
6.4.1 Replacing tubings ............................................................................... 6-25
6.4.2 Replacing ISE module........................................................................ 6-29
6.5 Adjusting ............................................................................................................ 6-30
6.5.1 Adjusting Probe and Disks ................................................................. 6-30
6.5.2 Adjusting Signal Gain of Photoelectric Unit........................................ 6-31
6.5.3 Adjusting Photoelectric Collection Position ........................................ 6-32
6.6 Checking............................................................................................................ 6-34
6.6.1 Checking Reagent Refrigeration Board ............................................. 6-34
6.6.2 Checking Optical Couplers................................................................. 6-35
7 Maintenance and Test Software ...................................................................................... 7-1

7.1 Basic Operations ................................................................................................. 7-1
2
Contents
7.1.1 Installation ............................................................................................ 7-1

7.1.2 Overview............................................................................................... 7-1
7.2 Operating Commands ......................................................................................... 7-3
7.2.1 Main Unit .............................................................................................. 7-3
7.2.2 Mixing Unit............................................................................................ 7-3
7.2.3 Reagent Unit......................................................................................... 7-4
7.2.4 Sample Unit .......................................................................................... 7-5
7.2.5 Reaction Unit ........................................................................................ 7-6
7.2.6 ISE Module ........................................................................................... 7-7
7.2.7 Temperature Unit .................................................................................. 7-9
7.3 Parameter .......................................................................................................... 7-11
7.3.1 The Precondition for Parameter Configuration................................... 7-12
7.3.2 Detailed Operations............................................................................ 7-14
7.4 Temperature....................................................................................................... 7-16
7.4.1 Functions ............................................................................................ 7-16
7.4.2 Operation Details................................................................................ 7-16
7.5 Photoelectric ...................................................................................................... 7-17
7.5.1 Filter Offset ......................................................................................... 7-17
7.5.2 Photoelectric Gain .............................................................................. 7-18
7.5.3 Light Source Background ................................................................... 7-19
7.5.4 Dark Current Test ............................................................................... 7-20
7.5.5 Other Functions of the Photoelectric Test .......................................... 7-21
7.6 Macro Instructions ............................................................................................. 7-21
7.6.1 Function.............................................................................................. 7-21
7.6.2 Detailed Operations............................................................................ 7-21
Appendix A Diagrams.................................................................................................... A-1
Appendix B Spare Parts List ......................................................................................... B-1
3
Contents
4
1 Specifications
1.1 General Features

1 Dimension: 860mm700mm625mm (WDH, optional lower cabinet
excluded); 860mm700mm1160mm (WDH, optional lower cabinet
included)
2 Weight: 116kg (optional lower cabinet excluded; the optional lower cabinet
weighs 51Kg)
3 Power supply: AC 110-130V/200-240V, 50/60Hz
4 Input power: 1000VA
5 System: random selection of tests, multi-channel and multi-test.
6 Theory of analysis: Colorimetry, turbidity, latex agglutination, and
homogeneous immunity
7 Test method: Endpoint, Kinetic and Fixed-time. Supporting double-reagent
and double-wavelength, Ion Selective Electrode module(optional)
8 Test option: set up one by one on the operating software, profiles and
calculations provided.
9 Calibration rule: Linear (one-point, two-point and multi-point), Logit-Log 4P,
Logit-Log 5P, Exponential 5P, Polynomial 5P, Parabola and Spline
10
QC rule: X -R, L-J, Westgard multi-rule, Cumulative sum check, Twin-plot
11 Tests analyzed simultaneously: 19/38 (double/single-reagent) or
18/36(double/single-reagent) with ISE Unit
12 Throughput: 200tests/h or 330tests/h with ISE unit
1.2 Features of Loading System

1 Sample/reagent disk: Round style with samples and reagents on the disk
2 Sample volume:
2-45l with precision of 0.1l
3 Sample position: 40
4 Reagent volume:
10-450L with precision of 1l
5 Reagent position: 40. Each position is available for the Mindray bottles only
6 Pre-dilution: Dilution ratio 4-150, taking the reaction cuvettes as containers
7 Probe: With a built-in level detector, equipped with auto safeguard, capable
of tracking level
8 Washing function: Automatically washing interior and exterior of the probe,
with carryover no more than 0.1%
9 Mixing bar: For single-reagent tests, it functions immediately (within the
same period) after sample dispensing; for double-reagent tests, it functions
1-1
Specifications
immediately (within the same period) after dispensing of R2
1.3 Features of Photometric System

1 Light source: 12V/20VA tungsten-halogen lamp
2 Light splitting mode: Splitting by optical fiber, filtering by an interference filter
wheel
4 Wavelength: 340, 405, 450, 510, 546, 578, 630 and 670;700 and
800nm(optional)
5 Absorbance range: 0-5Abs, 10mm optical path conversion
6 Reaction cuvette: 5625mm, optical path: 5mm, disposable, volume: 900l
7 Volume of reaction mixture: 180-500l
8 Max. reaction time: 10 minutes
9 Reaction temperature: 370.3, with fluctuation no greater than 0.1
10 ISE Unit(optional):
Sample type: serum, plasma and urine
Sample volume:
Serum: 70uL,
Diluted urine: 140uL(1 part of urine sample and 9 parts of urine diluent)
Test range(mmol/L):
Serum: Na: 100.0-200.0, K:1.00-8.00, Cl:50.0-150.0
Urine: Na: 10-500, K: 5-200 Cl: 15-400
1.4 Operating Interface

1 Operating system: Windows XP Home, Windows Vista Business
2 CPU: Above 1.8GHz
3 Memory: Above 1G
4 Hard disk: Above 40G
5 Display: Resolution 1024768, color 16 bit
6 System interface: RS-232
7 Printer: any model
1-2
2 System Installation
2.1 Space and Accessibility Requirements
2.2 Power Requirements

Power supply: AC 110-130V/200-240V, 50/60Hz, three-wire power cord and
properly grounded.
The system should be connected to a properly grounded power socket. If possible,
the system should be connected to a power line specially designed for medical
devices.
The distance between the power socket and the system should be less than 3
meters.
WARNING:
Make sure the power socket is grounded correctly. Improper
grounding may lead to electric shock and/or equipment damage.
Be sure to connect the system to a power socket that meets the
above-mentioned requirements and has a proper fuse installed.
NOTE:
It is recommended for hospitals to prepare a 2000VA online UPS.
2-1
System Installation
2.3 Environmental Requirements
2.3.1 Installation Environment Requirements

This system is for indoor use only.
The bearing platform (or ground) should be level (gradient less than 1/200).
The bearing platform (or ground) should be able to bear 120Kg weight.
The installation site should be well ventilated.
CAUTION:
The system radiates heat when operating. A well-ventilated
environment helps keep the room temperature stable. Use ventilation
equipment if necessary. But if so, be sure not to expose the system to
the direct draft that may lead to unreliable results.
The site should be free of dust as much as possible.

The site should not be in direct sun.
The site should not be near a heat or draft source.
The site should be free of corrosive gas and flammable gas.
The bearing platform (or ground) should be free of vibration.
The site should not be disturbed by large noise or power supply.
The system should not be placed near brush-type motors and electrical contacts
that are frequently turned on and off.
Do not use such devices as mobile phones or radio transmitters near the system.
Electromagnetic waves generated by those devices may interfere with operation
of the system.
The altitude height of the site should be lower than 2000 meters.
WARNING:
When the forward or backward gradient is more than 8 degrees, the
system may tip over. Be sure to take proper measures when
transporting and storing it.
2.3.2 Temperature and Humidity Requirements
Storage temperature and humidity

The system should be stored in a 0-40 environment with fluctuation less than
2/H.
The relative humidity should be between 30%RH-80%RH and with no
condensation.
CAUTION:
Storing the system in an environment other than the specified may
damage the system.
2-2
System Installation
Operating temperature and humidity

When the system is running, be sure to fix the ambient temperature between 15
-30 with fluctuation less than 2 /H.
The ambient humidity should be between 35%RH-80%RH and with no
condensation.
CAUTION:
Operating the system in an environment other than the specified may
lead to unreliable test results.
If the temperature or relative humidity does not meet the
above-mentioned requirements, be sure to use air-conditioning
equipment.
2.4 Installation Procedure
2.4.1 Preparation for Installation

Ensure available installation fields in hospital: enough space, electrical environment,
room temperature and humidity and other conditions as specified.
PC, monitor and printer are prepared and can be installed with the operating
software and Maintenance and Test software at any moment.
NOTE:
Be sure the digital and date format of the Windows are same as them
of the English version Windows.
The reagent, calibrator, the tool kit, lubricating grease are prepared (engineer also
can take these parts by himself).
2.4.2 Beforehand Check

Go to the installation site and do the following beforehand check wok.
1 Check the delivery list for acceptance, and then unpack the wood package.
2 Make one copy of the original parameter configuration list that the engineer
will take back for archiving. The original copy is to be kept by the hospital
carefully.
2-3
System Installation
3 Hold the probe arm by hand, and move it up and down to its full travel for 8
times respectively at the washing position, reaction disk position, inner and
outer circles of the sample / reagent disk, so as to check whether the moving
resistances are uniform at all directions.
Hold the mixing bar arm by hand, and move it up and down to its full travel
for 8 times respectively at the washing position and reaction disk position, so
as to check whether the moving resistances are uniform at all directions.
Move the probes up and down to their full travel in turns to check whether
their moving resistances are uniform. Then record the results in the following
table.
Item Result Remark
Moving resistances of reagent Uniform Different
/sample probe driver assembly
at all directions
Moving resistances of mixing Uniform Different
bar driver assembly at all
directions
If the moving resistances are different, lubricate the driver assemblies, and
record the results after lubrication in the Remark column.
2.4.3 Hardware Installation
Install the probe

1 Take out the probe from the box, and remember theres a little tip also.
2 Take off the arm cover: Grab the lower parts of the arm cover with two hands
and pull them slightly outwards and remove the cover upward from the arm
base.
2-4
System Installation
3 Remove the retaining screw with a screwdriver and take away the spring.
Remember to move the arm to the highest position for convenient operation.
4 Insert the probe into the probe arm.
5 Sleeve the spring over the pole in the probe arm, and screw the retaining
screw back onto the pole.
6 Insert the connector of the probe lead into corresponding jack on the level
detection board. The probe arm is delicate. Exercise caution when inserting
the connector. Excessive force may damage the connector and/or the level
detection board.
2-5
System Installation
7 Screw the probes fluid connector back to the tubing connector. Note that
excessive force may bend the probe.
8 Then push the probe upward and then release the probe to check if it can
move freely. If not, find the reason and solve the problem.
9 Installing the arm cover.
2-6
System Installation
10 Pinch the probe by the part near the probe arm. Gently push the probe
upward and then release the probe to see if it can move freely. If not, remove
the arm cover and re-install it.
Install the mixing bar

1 Rotate the bar arm to the highest position for convenient operation.
2 Take out the mixing bar and retaining nut from the box. Note that pinch the
knurled part of the bar and take out it.
3 Pinch the new mixing bar by the knurled part and align the it to the bigger
hole end of the retaining nut and gently screw it into the nut until the end of
the bar is in line with the smaller hole end of the nut.
2-7
System Installation
4 Pinch the mixing bar by the knurled part 2 and align the hole of the nut 1 to
the axis on the bar arm, then push the bar upward in the direction of the axis
until it cant proceed.
5 Tighten the nut by screwing clockwise with the other hand.

6 Check whether the bar is vertical to the bar arm.
If not, remove the bar and re-install it.
If so, proceed to the next step.
7 Pull the bar arm to its highest point and rotate it to move the bar to a position
above its wash well.
Install the sample/reagent disk

1 Carry the sample/reagent disk. Keep the handle at the vertical position and
put the disk in proper position.
2-8
System Installation
2 Then rotate the disk nightly, until the point can be seen from the hole.
3 Put the handle back to horizontal position.
Connect the deionized water tank
CAUTION:
When placing the deionized water tank, ensure the top of the tank is
lower than the bottom of the upper cabinet.
Ensure the deionized water pickup tube is not blocked, bent, or
twisted.
1 Place the Power to OFF.

2 Connect the filter with the pickup tubes.
3 Put the pickup tubes and the sensor into the deionized water tank, and then
turn the cap of the deionized water tank clockwise.
CAUTION:
Make sure that the filter sink smoothly to the tank bottom and does not
twist with the floater connecting rod.
4 Put the deionized water tank on an appropriate place. Do not tip it.
5 Plug the red and the green connectors to their counterparts marked
DEIONIZED WATER on the rear side of the analyzing unit and turn the
connectors clockwise until secure.
2-9
System Installation
6 Plug the sensor connector to its counterpart marked D-SENSOR on the rear
side of the analyzing unit and turn it clockwise until secure.
Connect the waste tank

1 Put the waste tube and the sensor into the waste tank, and then turn the cap
of the waste tank clockwise.
2 Put the waste tank on an appropriate place.
3 Keep pressing the pin on the waste connector marked WASTE on the rear
side of the analyzing unit and grab the waste tap and insert it to the
connector.
4 Plug the sensor connector to its counterpart marked W-SENSOR on the rear
side of the analyzing unit and turn it clockwise until secure.
5 Be careful about the position of the waste tube, because the waste drive by
its own gravity, so we have to make sure all of the waste tube is above the
waste tank and below the analyzer.
Waste Tank
2-10
System Installation
Waste Tank
Connect the PC to the Analyzing Unit

1 Connect the PC to the Analyzing Unit by serial communication cable.
Serial Port on the

Analyzing Unit
Serial Port on the PC
2-11
System Installation
Connect power cable and grounding wire of the analyzer
2.4.4 Software Installation
Install the operating software

Before installing the operating software, check the operating system and settings of
the PC and make sure:
Operating system: Windows XP Home/Professional, Windows Vista Business or

above
Memory: Above 1G
Resolution: 1024768
1 Power on the PC and start the Windows.
2 Double click the Setup.exe file at the directory of the installation CD.
3 Choose the language, click the Next button.
4 Click the Next button.
5 Enter the user name, company name and the serial number. The serial
number is 11111111.
6 Click the Change button to change the installation directory of the software.
7 Click the Install button.
8 Click the Finish button when the installation is finished.
Install the driver of the printer
Shut down the PC
2.4.5 Turning on the analyzer

1 Fill the deionized water tank with deionized water.
2 Load detergent to position 39 and distilled water to position 40 on the

reagent disk.
NOTE:
Mindray has specified the following detergents:
Acid: 0.1mol/l hydrochloric acid;
Alkaline: 0.5% (V/V) javel water.
Do not mix the acid detergent with the alkaline one.
Be sure to use the detergent recommended by Mindray.
Otherwise, proper result may not be obtained.
Mindray recommends the acid and alkaline detergents be used
alternately.
2-12
System Installation
3 Switch on the analyzer as follows:

MAIN POWER Power monitor of PC PC printer
4 After logging on Windows, double-click the shortcut icon of the operating
software on the desktop.
5 Enter user name Admin and Password Admin, and then press OK to log
on the operating software.
6 The system automatically completes the self-check.

After that, the system asks you to unload the first segment of cuvettes to
measure background (as shown in the figure below). Because it is the first
time the analyzer runs, there is no cuvette in the reaction disk and you
press OK to go to the next step directly.
7 Add 8 new segments of cuvettes into the reaction disk to warm up. Check
whether the surfaces of the cuvettes are smooth before loading. Do not
touch the light transmission part of the cuvette in which the colorimetric
reading is taken.
8 Operate according to the screen prompt until the main screen of the
analyzer software is displayed.
9 If this is the first time the analyzer is installed, please follow the instructions
indicated in 5.5.2 Replacing Filter Assemby (step 4) to expel air ffrom the
filter assembly.
2.4.6 Adjusting
1 After starting the analyzer, adjust the resistance VR1 of the level detection
board (in the probe arm) until the output of TP2 is 4.5V (reference test point
is TP4).
2-13
System Installation
Level Detection Board
2 Select MaintenanceDaily Maint, and then observe the system status and
record it in the table below:
Reaction
temperature
Preheat
temperature
Light Intensity
Waste tank Abnormal (full) Normal (not full)
Deionized water Abnormal (empty) Normal (available)
Printer No printer Normal
Main unit Unconnected Idle Running
Reaction unit Unconnected
Sample/reagent Unconnected
unit
Mixing unit Unconnected
Temperature unit Unconnected
Wavelength (nm) Dark Current Background

340
405
450
510
546
578
630
670
Reference
3 On the Maintenance screen, select the Alignment tab, and implement all
sub-steps of each unit to see whether they are normal. In case of any
exception, adjust it.
2-14
System Installation
4 Wash the interior and exterior of the probe and mixing bar for several times
to make all the tubing filled.
2.4.7 Setup and Test

1 Finish test, reagent and calibrator settings on the Parameters, Reagent and
Calibration screens, and then conduct a double-reagent blank.
2 Request for calibration and samples and then debug the results.
3 After debugging the results, fill them in the table below:
Test ALT CREA BUN
Target value
2sd range
Test value 1
Test value 2
Test value 3
Test value 4
Test value 5
Test value 6
Test value 7
Test value 8
Test value 9
Test value 10
2.4.8 Training
Can the customer complete daily tests? Yes No
Is the customer familiar with the analytical methods such as Yes No
kinetic, two-point, endpoint?
Is the customer familiar with the daily, weekly and monthly Yes No
2-15
System Installation
maintenance and relevant maintenance methods?

Is the customer familiar with replacing the filter assembly? Yes No
Is the customer skilled in washing dust screens? Yes No
Is the customer skilled in cleaning and replacing the probe and Yes No
mixing bar?
Is the customer skilled in replacing the plunger assembly of Yes No
syringe?
Is the customer skilled in replacing the lamp? Yes No
Does the customer know the positions, roles and preparation Yes No
methods of diluents and acid and alkaline detergents?
2-16
3 System Description
3.1 General
3.1.1 System Structure

The system consists of the analyzing unit, operation unit and output unit.
3-1
System Description
Figure 3-1 Front view
3.1.2 Work Flow

The measurement flow of the system is as follows:
Figure 3-2 Work flow of the system
Incubation t
t tes R2 Mix
Load agen
Startup le-re
new Cuvette Doub Output Replace
Start and R1 Sample Mix Absorbance
cuvette blank Single-reagent test results cuvettes
initialize
s
Test Procedures:
1 Power on the analyzer, then start up and initialize it. The initialization
includes resetting mechanical assemblies, switching on the lamp and
incubating by the temperature unit. You cant start testing unless the lamp
becomes steady and temperature of the reaction disk reaches 37
constantly. This process may take about 15-20 minutes.
2 At the beginning of test, the probe and the mixing bar are washed.
3 The probe dispenses R1 to the cuvettes. It may skip to the next one when
encountering a dirty cuvette.
3-2
System Description
4 The probe dispenses samples to the cuvettes. When the incubation time
set for double-reagent tests is up, R2 is dispensed.
5 After reagents and samples are dispensed for a batch of tests, the probe
and the mixing bar will be washed.
6 When the test is finished, a prompt will appear to inform you to replace the
cuvettes manually.
7 When finishing all the tests, exit the operating software and the analyzer
will perform the shutdown procedure: washing the probe and bar with
detergents, resetting the mechanical assemblies.
3.2 Major Components

The analyzing unit of the system consists of the dispensing system, temperature
control system, photometric system, fluid system and etc.
3.2.1 Dispensing System

The dispensing system consists of the probe module, mixing bar module,
sample/reagent disk assembly and reaction disk assembly.
3.2.1.1 Probe Module and Bar Module
The mixing bar module is the same as the probe module, except that the 12 shaft
is 30mm shorter.
3-3
System Description
Figure 3-3 Drive Assembly
The drive assemblies of the probe module and the bar module have a horizontal and
vertical photoelectric switch, which are used for defining horizontal and vertical initial
positions of the probe and bar. The horizontal and vertical step motors precisely
control the horizontal and vertical movements of the probe and bar. The
synchronous belts serve as the gearing.
3.2.1.2 Sample/reagent disk, reaction disk assemblies
The sample/reagent disk assembly consists of the sample/reagent disk and drive
support. The reaction disk assembly consists of the reaction disk and drive support.
The two drive support are different in their upper connection block and their coders.
The gaps of the coder define the positions where the disk should stop at. Each coder
has two transducers for inducing the rotation and initial position of the disk.
3-4
System Description
Figure 3-4 Side view of the sample/reagent disk assembly
Figure 3-5 Coder of reaction disk
The step motors control the disk assemblies, and the synchronous belts serve as the
gearing.
3.2.2 Temperature Control System
3.2.2.1 Temperature Control Assembly of Reaction Disk

The temperature control assembly of reaction disk consists of temperature-controlled
pot, bottom heater, heat insulator, bottom sponge, inside sponge, outside sponge,
3-5
System Description
cover board, top heater, press board, cover sponge,reaction disk/cuvettes,

photoelectric seat, temperature transducer, fans and control circuit.
Figure 3-6 Structure of the temperature control assembly
1-Temperature transducer and support 2-Fans
3- Outside sponge 4- Photoelectric seat 5- Cover board
6- Top heater 7- Press board 8- Cover sponge
9- Bottom sponge 10- Heat insulator 11-Temperature-controlled

chamber
12- Bottom heater 13- Inside sponge
Temperature-controlled chamber
The temperature-controlled pot, photoelectric seat, outside sponge, inside sponge,
bottom sponge, cover board, and the cover sponge constitute an enclosed cavity, in
which the reaction disk rotates. The heat-insulator, with good heat insulation,
protects the temperature-controlled chamber from being interfered by external
environment. There is a gap on the cover, which is used for loading/unloading
reaction cuvettes manually.
Heater
Top heater: square in shape, 110/220VAC, 125W
Bottom heater: ring in shape, 110/220VAC, 350W
Total power: 475W.
The heaters compensate the heat for incubating the reagents and maintaining the
temperature of the temperature-controlled chamber.
Fans
Fans are used in series in the temperature-controlled chamber, so as to circulate the
air in the chamber and enhance the convective heat exchange. There are four fans
in the chamber. All of them have alarm function.
Temperature transducer
3-6
System Description
It feeds back the air temperature at the position near the reaction cuvette. With an
overheat protection switch, the temperature transducer can disconnect the pot from
the power supply to avoid overheat and fire when the temperature inside the pot is
up to about 55C. The switch can also be reset auto matically when the temperature
inside the pot decreases to about 35C.
Control
PID control. PID parameters can be self-adjusted at any time.
Safety precaution
The power of the two heaters is 110/220V, and the total power is nearly 0.5kW, so
the following precautions are considered: grounding protection of the
temperature-controlled pot, temperature switch protection against controller failure
and fan protection.
3.2.2.2 Reagent Preheating
The preheating assembly consists of two aluminum plates, a Teflon tube, heating
components, transducer, temperature switch, thermal conductive colloid, a section of
tubing and the probe. The transducer detects the temperature, and then transmits it
to the temperature controller. Thus the heating assembly is controlled, and the
temperature is controlled.
The temperature of the thermal source of the preheater is 45C. The initial
temperature of the reagent is 2-8C when it is take n out of the refrigerator. When the
reagent passes the heater, its temperature increases quickly. Then the reagent is
added into the reaction cuvette and the preheating process is finished.
Figure 3-7 Reagent preheating assembly
Preheating
Module
3.2.2.3 Reagent Refrigeration
The refrigeration module consists of refrigeration chamber 8, heat-insulator 9, cover,

reagent disk, rotor sleeve 11, temperature transducer, circuit and two refrigeration
assemblies 2. The refrigeration module is as shown in the figure below.
3-7
System Description
Figure 3-8 Reagent refrigeration module
The key components of refrigeration assembly include refrigeration accumulation

block 5, connector 4, Peltier 3 and radiator 6, as shown in the figure below. Each
analyzer has two such refrigeration assemblies.
Figure 3-9 Refrigeration assembly
If you want to replace any part of the refrigeration assembly, screw the eight screws
12 (as shown in the figure below) of the reagent chamber and replace it.
Figure 3-10 Reagent chamber (bottom view)
3.2.3 Photometric System

The lamp gives out the lights,and the light is transmitted to optical measurement assembly by fiber.
lights go into the cuvettes of the reaction disk, transmit through the cuvettes and optical filters of
specific wavelengths, and then go to the photoelectric conversion board. The electric signal, converted
3-8
System Description
from the optical signal, is amplified and converted on the A/D conversion board, and then sent to the
main control board, which will submit the absorbance to the PC for calculation. The multiple
monochromatic wavelengths in the pototometer system are obtained by utilizing the filter
wheel. Rotate the filter of a specific wavelength to the light path while performing the
colormetric measurement.
Figure 3-11 Photometric principles
3.2.4 Fluid System

The fluid system washes the probe/bar and dispenses reagents/samples.
3.2.4.1 Washing
The fluid system of the system consists of deionized water tank, filter, wash pump,
solenoid valve, syringe, probe, wash well and waste tank.
3-9
System Description
Figure 3-12 Fluid system
As shown in the figure above, the fluid system consists of interior washing and
exterior washing parts.
The interior washing circuit begins from the deionized water tank, passes filter C12
and CV1 (Check Valve), and enters P1 (Interior Pump). Then the circuit goes
through SV (solenoid valve), syringe and the probe. Finally, the waste water goes
into the probe wash well after washing the probe.
The exterior washing circuit begins from the deionized water tank, goes through filter
C12 and CV2 (Check Valve), and then enters P2 (Exterior Pump). When the pump is
running, the detergent goes through J16 (three-way) and finally enters the probe
wash well and mixing bar wash well.
The waste water from probe wash well and mixing bar wash well converges with the
fluid of the reagent refrigeration module, and finally enters the waste tank.
3-10
System Description
3.2.4.2 Dispensing
The syringe assembly controls the aspiration/dispensing volume by controlling the

travel of the syringe. It is the key part of the fluid system.
Figure 3-13 Syringe assembly
The step motor, through the synchronous belt, controls the ball screw. The
photoelectric switch on the side controls the travel of the syringe.
3.2.5 ISE Unit (optional)
3.2.5.1 Components
Figure 3-14 Components of ISE unit
The ISE unit consists of the ISE module, peristaltic pump assembly and reagent
pack.
ISE module: Composed of the sample entry port, ion selective electrodes and
circuit boards. It is located in a metallic shielding box.
3-11
System Description
Figure 3-15 ISE module
Peristaltic pump assembly: Composed of three peristaltic pumps (A, B and W). It
is designed to control dispensing and discharging of calibrators and samples.
Figure 3-16 Peristaltic pump assembly
Reagent pack: Composed of a reagent package.
3-12
System Description
Figure 3-17 Reagent pack
3.2.5.2 Fluidic System of ISE Unit
Figure 3-18 Fluidic system of ISE unit
Movement
direction
Light beam
1mm
The reagent pack consists of calibrator A, calibrator B and a waste container. During
measurement, calibrator A and B are dispensed into the sample entry port while
being driven by pump A and B respectively, and the waste is discharged into the
waste container by pump W.
3-13
System Description
3-14
4 Functions of Boards
4.1 Hardware System

The BS-200/220 consists of the following three units: the analyzing unit (main unit), the
operation unit (PC) and the output unit (printer).
The analyzing unit (main unit) consists of the following units: the temperature control
system, the reaction system (include ISE), the photometric system, the sample and
reagent delivery system, the mixing system and etc.
Figure 4-1 shows the control framework of the BS-200/220. The function of the hardware
system is as follows.
Communicating with the PC through the RS232 to send commands, reply data
and test results.
Controlling the data collecting process of optical system.
Controlling the movement of the moving units and collecting the status signal.
Controlling the temperature adjustment system and collecting the temperature

status signal.
Figure 4-1 Control Framework
4.1.1 Control Framework

The BS-200/220 consists of the following three units: the analyzing unit (main unit), the
operation unit (PC) and the output unit (printer).
4-1
Functions of Boards
The analyzing unit (main unit) consists of the following units: the temperature control
system, the reaction system (include ISE), the photometric system, the sample and
reagent delivery system, the mixing system and etc.
Figure 4- shows the control framework of the BS-200/220. The function of the hardware
system is as follows.
Communicating with the PC through the RS232 to send commands, reply data
and test results.
Controlling the data collecting process of optical system.
Controlling the movement of the moving units and collecting the status signal.
Controlling the temperature adjustment system and collecting the temperature

status signal.
Figure 4-1 Control Framework
4.1.2 Main Board

The function of the main board:
Transmitting the data and commands with PC through RS232.
Communicating with the sub-units(including ISE), transmitting the data and

commands through the extended RS232.
Adjusting the numeric adjustable resistor on the AD conversion board and

collecting the photoelectric data.
Controlling the rotation of step motors and driving moving units to accurate
position.
Switching pumps and valves to control the flow of liquid.
Detecting the level of liquid and obstruction signal.
Detecting the signal of position sensors.
4-2
Functions of Boards
Controlling the heater for heating.
Detecting the signal of the water surface.
Controlling the ISE module.
Figure 4-2 shows the function framework of the main board.
Figure 4-2 Function of the Main Board

PC
Control Moule ? ?
Main Unit Sensors
Bus
Sensor
Sample probe BUS

s
Unit Sensors
Temperature BUS
Control Unit
Module of
Reaction Disk BUS ISE
Unit FPGA
Auto Washing BUS

Unit
Mixing Unit
Control Control
Signal Signal
Driving Module
Step Motor Heator Relay Pump Valve DC motor
4.1.3 Drive Board

The drive board is to receive the control signals from the main control board and control
the drive components, such as the reaction disk, the reagent\sample disk, the sampling
probe, the mixer and the filter wheel. It also controls the switches of two pumps, the
valves, the lamp and the temperature controlling system. The detaied functions are:
Controlling the movement components
Controlling the pumps and the valves
Controlling lamp
Controlling heater
Figure 4-3 shows the function framework of the drive board.
4-3
Functions of Boards
Figure 4-3 Function of the Drive Board
Drive Board
Main Board Signal input Power input Power supply
Motor of reaction disk Switch of light
Motor of sample/reagent Others drive reaction disk heating
6 steper motor
Motor of mixing bar reagent preheating
name as
59D1300
Motor of sample probe
vertical movement
2 Motor of auto washing

Outside washing pump for
syring
Logic sample probe
Motor of sample probe Inside washing pump for

horizontal movement sample probe
Drive of pump
Inside washing vlave for
Motor of sample syring
sample probe
5 steper motor
Motor of filter wheel name as 4 valve for reserved
42D2120
Motor of auto washing
header vertical movement Drive of DC
Mixing DC motor
motor
Motor of mixing bar
horizontal movement
4.1.4 Pre-amp Board

The Pre-amp circuit board can converse the light signals into electrical analog signals by
the photoelectric diode. The photoelectric diode converses the light signal into the current
signal in different wavelengths and the Pre-amplifier turns the current signal to the
voltage signal and transmit this signal to the AD conversion board.
4.1.5 AD Conversion Board

This unit can process the analog signals from the pre-amp board and convert the analog
signals into the digital signals. The photoelectric diode converts the monochromatic light
signal into the voltage signal and the signal arrives the AD input. The AD conversion
board filters and amplifies it; at the same time, the AD collects the signals indicated by
the signal from the main board and then sends the AD value to the main board for further
process. The AD conversion board also provides power to the Pre-amp board.
Figure 4-4 shows the function framework of the AD conversion board.
Figure 4-4 AD Conversion Board
4-4
Functions of Boards
4.1.6 Reagent Refrigeration Board

Compared with other circuit boards, the reagent refrigeration board is an independent
unit; it can control the cooler chip on or off and then make the reagents cool; it can adjust
the temperature in the reagent carousel; also, it can drive the fans of the whole system
and feedback the signal of the working status of the funs to the main board; the detailed
functions are:
Controlling the refrigeration

Controlling the indicating LED of the refrigeration
Controlling the fans and defogging the code scans windows (reversed)
Feedbacking the sigual of the working status of the fans for lamp
Figure 4-5 shows the function framework of the reagent refrigeration board.
Figure 4-5 Reagent Refrigeration Board
4.1.7 Level Detection Board

The board detects the liquid level, the detailed functions are:
Detecting the reagent level and sample level with high reliability
Transferring the level detection signal to the main board when the probe touches
the liquid level
Protecting the probe from collision vertically and generating the detection signal
which is sent to the main board.
4-5
Functions of Boards
Figure 4-6 shows the function framework of the level detection board.
Figure 4-6 Level Detection Board Function
4.1.8 Reaction Disk Temperature Sampling Board

This board collects signals from the reaction disk temperature sensors and then converts
them into digital signals. This board provides an SPI interface, and is connected to the
main board.
4.1.9 Three Probes Connection Board

This board transfers the control signal of the reagent preheating, mixer motor pulse and
level detection board.
4.1.10 ISE Power Board

The board supplies the transformation of the voltage from 12V to 24V which provides
power to ISE module.
ISE module should be on power all the time, and the input 12V is provided by 5V/12V
Board.
4.1.11 Heater Voltage Selecting Board

The board supplies two connection type for the 220V AC power and the 110V AC power
separately. If the AC power is 220V, please use the socket for 220V; if the power is 110V
AC power, please use the socket for 110V. The heater will provide the same power
consumption so as to ensure the effect of the heating in the different AC power
environment.
4.2 On Board LED Indication
Table 4-8 On-board LED Indication List

LED Mark LED On LED Off Remark
051-000485-00
Main board
The pre-heater is The pre-heater is not
REAG
heating heating
TRAY The heater of The heater of reaction
4-6
Functions of Boards

reaction disk is disk is not heating
heating
ACID reserved
ALK reserved
For debug use only,
TEMP / /
can be ignored
WATER reserved
Indication of 5V
5V Exception of 5V power
power
Indication of 12V
12V Exception of 12V power
power
Indication of 3.3V
3.3V Exception of 3.3V power
power
For debug use only,
MAIN / /
can be ignored
For debug use only,
REAC / /
can be ignored
FPGA is being Configuration has been
CFG Off after power is on
configured finished
For debug use only,
FILL / /
can be ignored
Flickering indicates
FPGA
FPGA is running
For debug use only,
WASH / /
can be ignored
For debug use only,
STIR / /
can be ignored
051-000486-00
Drive board
24V works
D1-24V 24V off or erroneously
normally
D2-5V 5V works normally 5V off or erroneously
12V works
D3-12V 12V off or erroneously
normally
D16 Inside pump on Inside pump off
D17 outside valve on outside valve off
D18 outside pump on outside pump off
AD conversion board BA10-30-77759
+15V works
+15V +15V off or erroneously
normally
-15V works
-15V -15V off or erroneously
normally
+5V works
+5V +5V off or erroneously
normally
BA20-30-75263
Level detection board
The liquid surface
signal also occurs
Detecting the when the electric
LED1 No liquid surface signal
liquid surface things, such as hands
or metal, contact the
probe,
Reagent refrigeration board BA20-30-75227

12V works
D3-12VLED 12V off or erroneously
normally
Reagent Reagent refrigeration
D4-RED_LED
refrigeration temperature T in other
4-7
Functions of Boards

temperature T>10 status

Reagent
refrigeration Reagent refrigeration
D5-YELLOW_LED temperature T in other
temperature T<0
status

Reagent
refrigeration Reagent refrigeration
D6-GREEN_LED temperature T in other
temperature 0
status
<T<10
Reagent Reagent refrigeration
D7-PELTIER_LED refrigeration power is off or
power is on. erroneously.
The J73 fan block
The J73 fan works
D8-FAN3_LED up, please check
normally.
the fan.
The J71 plug
D9-FAN1_LED doesnt connect or normal
is broken.
The J74 fan block
The J74 fan works
D14-FAN4_LED up, please check
normally.
the fan.
12VFAN works 12VFAN off or
D15-12VFAN_LED
normally erroneously
The J72 plug
D16-FAN2_LED doesnt connect or normal
is broken.
Reaction disk temperature sampling boardBA10-30-78268
12V works
+12V 12V off or erroneously
normally
PFC boardBA33-30-35078
Controlled by
LED1 A12V on A12V off or erroneously
software
24V boardBA33-30-35082
24V on 24V off or erroneously
12V&5V boardBA33-30-35080
LED350 B12V on B12V off or erroneously
LED350 C12V on C12V off or erroneously
LED350 5V on 5V off or erroneously
4.3 Power Supply Unit

The power supply unit consists of three circuit boards: PFC board, 24V board and
12V&5V board.
PFC Board:
. EMI filter network;
.Supplying the PFC circuit which conforms to the IEC61000-3-2 standard. Supplying
the +390V to drive the 24V board and 12V&5V Board;
4-8
Functions of Boards
.Controlling the 24V, 12V (4.7A) and 5V outputs through the switch of the analyzing
unit;
.Supplying stable 12V (4.5A) for the lamp, controlled by the system signal;
.Supplying 14 V VDD voltage to drive the 24V board and 12V&5V board;
24V Board:
.Converting the 390V into 24V.The 24V of this board is output under the control of the
Power of the analyzing unit;
. Transferring AC to the heater and controlling the heater;
12V Board:
. B12V/10A out;
. C12V/4.7A out;
. The 5V/12V board converts the 390VDC from the PFC board to 12V (10A), 12V
(4.7A) and 5V. The 12V (4.7A) and 5V are controlled by the switch of the analyzing unit;
The structure of the power supply unit make it manufactured and maintained easily;
The power supply unit is cooled by fans;
4.3.1 Features of Power Supply Unit
4.3.1.1 Input
Input AC voltage : 100240V10%
Frequency: 50/603HZ
Input Power: 800VA
4.3.1.2 AC Output
AC output: 90264V
Frequency: 50/603HZ
Output power:470VA
4.3.1.3 DC Output: 5V-for Circuit Boards
Output current:: 4.5A
Output voltage: 4.855.25V
Output ripple noise: 100mVp-p
4-9
Functions of Boards
4.3.1.4 DC Output: A12V-for Lamp
Control request: A12V is controlled by an analog signal from the system
Output current: 2A
Insulation: A12V have not electrical connection with other power
4.3.1.5 DC Output: B12V-for Refrigeration and Fans
Output current:: 10A, Inrush current 14A, continuing 300ms
Output voltage : 11.812.8V
4.3.1.6 DC Output: C12V-for Pumps, Valves and Boards
Output current:: 4.7A
4.3.1.7 DC Output: 24V-for Motors and Boards
Output current:: 5 A
Output voltage: 23.525V
4.3.2 Protective Function of Power Supply Unit
4.3.2.1 Over-current Protection
All the output current have over-current protection
The over-current protection point is in the range of 105140% of the normal

output current except the A12V&B12V. Make sure the A12V&B12V are safe and
reliable before the current is over the the over-current protection point
The status after protection: The statuses after protection are board-locked except
A12V which is the system-locked protection.
4.3.2.2 Over-volt Protection
All the output volts have the locked over-volt protection.
4-10
Functions of Boards
The protection point of the over-volt is 115-140% of normal volt.
The status after over-volt protection is just the same as the status after
over-current protection.
4.3.3 Block Diagram
shows the framework of the power unit.
Figure 4-7 Framework of Power Supply Unit
4-11
Functions of Boards
4-12
5 Software Introduction
5.1 Software Structure and Response Mechanism

The system software is composed of the operating software and the control
software.
5.1.1 Operating Software
Figure 5-1 Operating software interface
The operating software manages the test and sample information entered by you,
generates a test procedure based on the requested tests, and sends test instructions
to the analyzing unit. These instructions inform the analyzing unit to start testing and
then output and save the results.
The operating software controls the analyzing unit through the control software. They
communicate with each other through the serial port upon the specific protocols.
The operating software is composed of 14 modules: calculation, startup, shutdown,

database, interface, serial port receiving/sending, processing received data, error
processing, testing, commissioning, failure restore, replacing cuvettes, printing and
protocol encapsulation.
5-1
Software Introduction
5.1.1.1 Calculation
This module calculates the calibration parameters and the concentration of the
reaction mixture. The calculation procedure includes:
AD absorbance
Absorbance response
Response calibration parameters
Calibration parameters, response concentration of the mixture
5.1.1.2 Startup
This module initializes the operation unit and analyzing unit to prepare for testing.
The startup process includes: checking and initialization of the operation unit,
communication with and initialization of analyzing unit.
The operation unit is checked and initialized before the main screen is displayed.
1 To check the operating system of the PC

The operating software must run under Windows XP or Windows Vista.
Otherwise, a prompt will appear indicating that the operating software
cannot run under the operating system other than the specified, and then
the operating software will be closed automatically.
2 To check the screen resolution of the current operating system
The operating software must run under the resolution of 1024768.
Otherwise, the software cant be displayed in full screen and a warning will
be given. You can set the resolution immediately and check again, or exit
the software and start it again after setting the resolution.
3 To check the color of the current operating system
If the color is less than 8 bits, the software cant be displayed normally and a
prompt will be given to inform you of wrong color. You can set the color
immediately and check again, or exit the software and start it again after
setting the color.
4 To disable the screen saver
The operating software must keep displayed while running. To prevent the
screen saver from disturbing you in operating and observing, the screen
saver should be disabled. A warning will be given for disabling failure, you
can try it again or neglect or exit the software.
5 To initialize the database
The current database is compressed and restored and will backed up to the
historical database if the year is changed. When operation is failed, a
warning will be given to ask you to restore the database. You can exit the
software after confirming.
6 To check the printer
Check whether a printer has been set and connected to the PC.
Startup will not be affected when there is no printer. When you need to print,
the system will check the printer again.
5-2
7 Log on
If the username and password are not correct, the user must not proceed to
the next step.
The user can choose to cancel logging on the system.
After the operation unit is checked and initialized, the startup screen will be
displayed. The operation unit begins communicating with and initializing the
analyzing unit. In case that it is the first startup or the last startup was failed, you can
select a serial port and then click Start to start the analyzing unit. Otherwise the
system starts the analyzing unit automatically.
Communication with and initialization of the analyzing unit is finished during startup.
1 To set and initialize the communication port

Set the parameters regarding the serial port: baud rate, data bit, start bit,
stop bit, parity bit, sending/receiving buffer, control protocol, and start the
serial port receiving/sending thread and received data processing thread.
If failed, a prompt will be given and the startup is halted. You can take
actions immediately and try again, or exit the startup process.
2 To shake hand with the analyzing unit
A handshake instruction is sent to the analyzing unit. If the analyzing unit
responds to it by sending a handshake instruction back to the PC, it
indicates the PC handshakes with the analyzing unit successfully.
Otherwise, another one will be sent again for 3 times at a specific interval
(2s).
3 To check the self-check results of the analyzing unit
An instruction is sent to check the self-check result of each unit. The units
have been checked when the analyzing unit is started, and the results are
stored in the main unit.
4 To download parameters to the analyzing unit
An instruction is sent to download parameters to the analyzing unit. If there
is no response within 30s, the instruction will be sent again for 3 times.
5 To initialize the ISE unit and bar code reader
The instruction <ISE?> is sent to the ISE unit to check if it is connected. If
error occurs, ISE measurement can not be started.
ISE initialization: includes cleaning and calibration. If auto cleaning or
calibrator is configured for startup, ISE measurement will start if the
calibration is passed; otherwise another calibration is needed before
measurement.
Bar code reader initialization: includes query of bar code parameters. <H> is
sent to turn on the bar code reader, and <I> to turn off it.
5-3
6 To reset the mechanical parts

An instruction is sent to reset mechanical parts of each unit.
7 To switch off the lamp and test the dark current
If the dark current is beyond the specified range, a warning will be given but
will not affect the startup and testing.
8 To switch on the lamp and test the background
A dialog box is displayed to ask you to unload the first cuvette segment, so
as to test the dark current and background. After unloading, the system
starts testing the background.
If unloading is failed, a prompt will be given and the startup is halted. You
can take actions immediately and try again, or exit the startup process.
If the background approaches to the dark current, a prompt will be given
indicating lamp on failed, lamp failure or brightness too low, and the startup
is halted. You can exit the startup process.
If the background is less than the specified threshold, a prompt will be given
indicating brightness too low, which will affect the test results. You can
neglect it or exit the startup process.
If the background approaches to the threshold, the startup process will not
be affected. However, when the main screen is displayed, a prompt will
appear indicating that the brightness approaches to the threshold and the
lamp should be replaced.
9 To test cuvette blank
A dialog box is displayed to ask you to replace all the cuvette segments with
new ones. After confirmation, the analyzer will start testing the cuvette
absorbance and mark the used cuvettes.
If loading is failed, a prompt will be given and the startup is halted. You can
take actions immediately and try again, or exit the startup process.
10 To reset the mechanical parts and wash the probe and bar
An instruction is sent to reset all the mechanical parts and wash the interior,
exterior of the probe and the mixing bar.
11 To check the temperature and finish startup process
If the temperature becomes steady and is within specified range, the
analyzer will enter standby status, otherwise the incubation status.
5.1.1.3 Shutdown
This module restores the operation unit and analyzing unit to the default status.
During this process, the analyzing unit and the operation unit will be shut down.
You can start the shutdown process by selecting Exit on the main screen or Shut
Down on the Maintenance Alignment System screen. Then the system will
display a dialog box and start the shutdown automatically.
The following operations are conducted to shut down the analyzing unit.
5-4
1 To switch off the lamp

If failed, the system will enter the failure status and the shutdown is ended.
2 To unload all the used cuvettes
When a prompt is displayed to ask you to unload all the used cuvettes, you
should unload them and confirm. Then the system will continue the
shutdown. If failed, the system will enter the failure status and the shutdown
is ended.
3 To clean the ISE unit
This step will be performed only if auto cleaning is configured for shutdown.
4 To wash the probe and the bar
When a prompt is displayed to ask you to prepare acid or alkaline detergent,
you should prepare it and confirm. Then the system will wash the probe and
the bar in enhanced washing mode. If failed, the system will enter the failure
status and the shutdown is ended.
5 To reset the mechanical parts
Each mechanical part will be reset. If failed, the system will enter the failure
status and the shutdown is ended.
The following operations are conducted to shut down the operation unit.
1 To stop all the threads

2 To stop the timer
3 To close the database
5.1.1.4 Database
This module saves the settings and test data, such as system, patient, sample
information and test data.
5.1.1.5 Interface
This module provides an interface for you to view each status and result, make
settings, request tests, start and stop testing, etc.
5.1.1.6 Serial Port Receiving/Sending
This module establishes the communication between the operating software and
control software. It sends the instructions in the sending buffer to the main unit,
through which the instructions are transferred to the specified units. Then the echo,
results, test data and warnings received from the main unit are saved in the received
data buffer.
5.1.1.7 Processing Received Data
This module processes the received echo, results, data, warnings, running reports
and requests. It gets the frame information from the received data buffer, sets
corresponding commands, records the measured photoelectric data and warnings,
and calls the error processing module when an error occurs.
5-5
5.1.1.8 Error Processing
When an error occurs, this module finds the causes and evaluates the level and type
of the error. Additionally, it records the error logs, reminds you of error, and refreshes
the system status.
5.1.1.9 Testing
The testing module is to:
Check the reaction temperature periodically.

Form a test list according to the requests and divide the testing into several
periods, which are converted to instructions and saved in the buffer.
Maintain the test list according to the results from the data processing module.
Inform the database and interface modules to update relevant information.
5.1.1.10 Commissioning
This module sends relevant commissioning instructions and processes the

commissioning results.
It sends instructions regarding simple operations, commissioning, parameter

downloading, temperature control switch, and etc, and processes the corresponding
results.
5.1.1.11 Failure Restore
This module restores the failed parts as required by you.
The failed parts can be restored actively or passively. The active restoring means
when a failure occurs during startup, shutdown or testing, the system will try to
execute the instruction again in terms of settings or reset the mechanical parts of
corresponding units and wash the probe/bar. While the passive restoring means the
system restores the failed parts only when you sends the reset instruction.
5.1.1.12 Replacing Cuvettes

This module assists you in unloading used cuvettes and loading new ones.
Cuvettes can be replaced during startup, shutdown or under normal condition.
Normal condition refers to incubation, standby and failure status. Cuvettes are
replaced in same procedures during startup, shutdown and under normal condition.
After replacing, the system will test the cuvette blank automatically and mark the
used cuvettes.
5.1.1.13 Printing
This module prints out in proper format the test results, calibration results, QC results
or statistic results.
5-6
5.1.1.14 Protocol Encapsulation
This module provides encapsulation functions for all the instructions in accordance
with the communication protocol.
5.1.2 Control Software

The control software receives the instructions from the operating software, analyzes
them and drives the corresponding units of the analyzing unit to execute them. And it
also transmits the data from the analyzing unit to the operating software.
The units of the analyzing unit can be functionally divided into the following ones:
main unit, photoelectric unit, reaction unit, sample/reagent unit, mixing unit and
temperature unit. The functions of these units are listed in the following table.
Unit Function
Main unit Receives macroinstructions from the PC,
decomposes them into a series of action instructions,
and then delivers them to destination units (in specific
order) at a certain interval.
Monitors the status of each unit, and transmits the
data converted by the photoelectric unit to the PC.
Photoelectric unit Detects photoelectrical data of the solution in reaction
cuvettes, and amplifies and converts it. And stores
data at the dual port FIFO for the main unit to read
and transmit to the PC.
Reaction unit Contains 80 cuvettes.
Rotates specified cuvette, following the instruction
sent from the main unit, to the reagent/sample
dispensing position, mixing position and photoelectric
detection position at specified wavelength.
Sample/Reagent unit Contains 40 reagent positions in the inner circle and
40 sample positions in the outer circle.
Rotates specified reagent bottles, following the
instruction sent from the main unit, to the reagent
aspirating position.
Rotates specified sample tubes, following the
instruction sent from the main unit, to the sample
aspirating position.
Mixing unit Receives instructions from the PC, and controls the
mixing bar to mix the solution in the cuvette where the
reagent and sample has been dispensed and that has
been rotated to the mixing position.
Moves the mixing bar to the wash well, and washes it
after each mixing to avoid carryover.
Temperature unit Controls the reaction temperature, reagent preheating
temperature and refrigeration temperature.
5-7
5.2 Software Installation

Check the operating system and relevant settings, and ensure that a Window XP or
Windows Vista is used, with memory of above 1G, resolution of 1024*768, and color
qulaity of no less than 16 bit.
Check if the computer is connected to the analyzing unit and the analyzing unit is
powered on.
For the serial number of the operating software, contact Mindray customer service
department.
5-8
6 Maintenance and Service
6.1 Cleaning and Washing

WARNING:
The probe tip is sharp and can cause puncture wounds. To prevent
injury, exercise caution when working around the probe.
BIOHAZARD:
Wear gloves and lab coat and, if necessary, goggles.
Dispose of the used gauze in accordance with your local or national
guidelines for biohazard waste disposal.
Dispose of the waste in accordance with your local or national
guidelines for biohazard waste disposal and consult the manufacturer
or distributor of the reagents for details.
6.1.1 Cleaning Probe

2 Remove the cover from the sample/reagent disk.
3 Remove the sample/reagent disk.
4 Pull the probe arm to the highest point by hand. Rotate the probe arm to
move the probe to a position above the sample/reagent compartment and
convenient to operate.
6-1
Maintenance and Service
5
CAUTION:
The tweezers may scratch the probe. Exercise caution when
using it to clean the probe. Avoid direct contact between the
tweezers and the probe. Do not use excessive force when
cleaning the probe. Otherwise it may bend.
NOTE:
alternately for this purpose. For instance, if the acid detergent
has been used for last maintenance, the alkaline detergent had
better be used for this time.
Pinch acid or alkaline detergent-soaked gauze with tweezers and gently

clean the exterior of the probe until it is clean and smooth.
6 Pinch deionized water-soaked gauze to clean the probe.
7 After cleaning, gently pull the probe arm to its highest point and rotate the
probe arm to move the probe to a position above the wash well.
8 Load the sample/reagent disk.
9 Close the cover.
6.1.2 Cleaning Mixing Bar

2 Pull the mixing bar arm to the highest point by hand. Rotate the bar arm to
move the bar to a position convenient to operate.
3
CAUTION:
The tweezers can scratch the bar. Exercise caution when using
the tweezers to clean the bar. Avoid direct contact between the
tweezers and the bar. Do not use excessive force when cleaning
the bar. Otherwise it may bend.
NOTE:
alternately for this purpose. For instance, if the acid detergent
has been used for last maintenance, the alkaline detergent had
better be used for this time.
Pinch acid or alkaline detergent-soaked gauze with tweezers and gently

clean the exterior of the mixing bar until it is clean and smooth.
4 Pinch deionized water-soaked gauze to clean the mixing bar.
5 After cleaning, gently pull the bar arm to its highest point and rotate the bar
arm to move the bar to a position above the wash well.
6.1.3 Cleaning Sample/Reagent Compartment

6-2
3 Take out all calibrators, controls, samples, reagents, distilled water and
detergent from the sample/reagent disk.
4 Remove the sample/reagent disk.
5 Wash the disk with clean water and wipe it dry with clean gauze.
6 Use clean gauze (water or disinfector-dipped gauze if necessary) to clean
the inside of the compartment.
7 Load the sample/reagent disk.
8 Close the cover.
6.1.4 Cleaning Wash Well of Probe

2 Pull the probe arm to its highest point. Rotate the arm to move the probe
away from the wash well.
3 Clean the inside of and the place around the wash well with cotton swabs.
4 Pull the probe arm to its highest point and rotate it to move the probe to a
position above the wash well.
6.1.5 Cleaning Wash Well of Mixing Bar

2 Pull the mixing bar arm to its highest point. Rotate the bar arm to move the
bar away from the wash well.
3 Clean the inside of and the place around the wash well with cotton swabs.
4 Pull the mixing bar arm to its highest point and rotate it to move the bar to a
6.1.6 Cleaning Panel of Analyzing Unit

2 Wipe the panel of the analyzing unit with clean gauze (water or
disinfector-dipped gauze if necessary).
6.1.7 Washing Deionized Water Tank
CAUTION:
The deionized water to be used on the analyzer must meet the CAP
Type II water requirements.
6-3
2
CAUTION:
After removing the cap of the deionized water tank (together
with the pickup tube and sensor), place it on a clean table.
Unscrew (counter-clockwise) the cap (together with the deionized water

pickup tube and the sensor).
3 Wash the tank interior with deionized water. Use a clean brush to clean the
interior if necessary.
4 Wash the pickup tube and the sensor with deionized water. Use clean gauze
to wash them if necessary.
5 Wipe water off the tank exterior, pickup tube and sensor cable with clean
gauze.
6 Add deionized water into the tank.
7 Screw (clockwise) the cap (together with the pickup tube and sensor) back
onto the tank until secure.
CAUTION:
When placing the deionized water tank, ensure the top of the tank is
lower than the bottom of the upper cabinet.
Ensure the deionized water pickup tube is not blocked, bent, or
twisted.
6.1.8 Washing Waste Tank
BIOHAZARD:
Exercise caution and do not spill the waste onto other people or
things.

2
BIOHAZARD:
After removing the cap of the waste tank (together with the
waste tube and sensor), place it on an appropriate place to
avoid biohazard contamination.
Unscrew (counter-clockwise) the cap (together with the waste tube and the
sensor).
3 Empty the waste tank.
4 Wash the tank interior with clean water. Soak the tank with disinfector if
necessary.
5 Wash the waste tube and the sensor with clean water.
6-4
6 Wipe water off the tank exterior, waste tube and sensor cable with clean
gauze.
7 Screw (clockwise) the cap (together with the waste tube and sensor) back
onto the tank until secure.
CAUTION:
When placing the waste tank, ensure the top of the tank is lower than
the bottom of the upper cabinet.
Ensure the waste tube is over the tank and not blocked, bent, or
twisted. A blocked, bent or twisted waste tube may lead to wastewater
overflow that may damage the analyzer.
6.1.9 Washing Dust Screens

1 Place the MAIN POWER to OFF.
2 Use a screwdriver to unscrew the screws on the left and right plates and
remove the two plates.
3 Remove the dust screens from the plates. The dust screen is as shown in
the figure below.
4 Wash the screens with clean water and dry them by airing.
5 Install the screens back to the left and right plates.
6 Install the left and right plates with screws.
6.2 Replacing
WARNING:
The probe tip is sharp and can cause puncture wounds. To prevent
injury, exercise caution when working around the probe.
BIOHAZARD:
Wear gloves and lab coat and, if necessary, goggles.
CAUTION:
Please use Mindray-recommended consumables. Other consumables
may decrease the system performance.
6-5
6.2.1 Unclogging Probe

When the probe is clogged, the fluid flow will become abnormal. Follow the steps
given below to remove, unclog and install the probe.
6.2.1.1 Removing Probe

3 Pull the probe arm to its highest point. Rotate the probe arm to move the
probe to a position above the sample/reagent compartment and convenient
to operate.
4 Grab the lower part of the arm cover with two hands and pull them slightly
outwards and remove the cover upward from the arm base. After you remove
the cover, the inside structure of the probe arm is as shown in the figure
below.
Probes Circuit Connector

Circuit Board Tubing Connector
Probes Fluid Connecor
Retaining Screw
Spring
5 Hold the probes fluid connector with one hand and the tubing connector with
the other. Rotate the tubing connector counter-clockwise until it disconnects
from the probe. Remove the tubing from the probe.
6 Press the circuit board with one hand and disconnect the probes circuit
connector from the board with the other hand.
CAUTION:
Exercise caution when disconnecting the connector. Excessive
force may damage the connector and/or the circuit board.
7 Use a small screwdriver to remove the retaining screw on the probe and take
out the spring.
8
WARNING:
Store the removed probe in a safe place where it will neither
endanger people working around the area nor be damaged.
NOTE:
Exercise caution when pulling the probe away from the arm.
Slowly pull the probe away from the probe arm. Exercise caution so that the
gasket inside the probe does not drop out and if it does, store it in a clean
place for later installation.
6-6
6.2.1.2 Unclogging Probe
BIOHAZARD:
Dispose of the used needle in accordance with your local or national
guidelines for biohazard waste disposal.
1 Place a container like beaker below the sample probe.

2 Connect the unclogging device to the tubing connector.
3 Use a single-use syringe to aspirate 3ml CD80 wash solution, remove the
needle and connect the syringe to the other end of the unclogging device.
Push the syringe plunger slowly until there comes liquid out of the sample
probe tip.
4 If no liquid comes out of the sample probe tip, insert a needle into the
sample probe tip and push the syringe plunger.
5 Leave the sample probe soaked with wash solution for about 10 minutes.
Push and pull the syringe plunger for several times until liquid comes out
of the probe tip evenly.
6 Use the syringe to aspirate deionized water and rinse the sample probe for
at least 3 times.
7 Remove the unclogging device and the syringe, and then connect the
tubing connector.
8 Remove the container.
9 Check the level detection function.
NOTE
A bent or damaged probe will lead to unreliable test results and should
be replaced immediately.
6.2.1.3 Installing Probe

2 Insert the probe back into the hole on probe arm, and align the hole on probe
plate to the rotor inside the arm.
3 Sleeve the spring on the rotor and screw the retaining screws to secure.
6-7
4 Pinch the probe by the part near the probe arm. Gently push the probe
upward and then release the probe to see if the spring can move freely.
If not, check for errors and try again after removing the errors.
5 Connect the probes circuit connector back to the circuit board.
6 Ensure the gasket is inside the probe.
7
CAUTION:
The fluid tube inside the probe arm should be bent into a
circle when being installed.
Exercise caution when connecting the probe. Excessive

force may bend the probe.
Screw (clockwise) the probes fluid connector back to the tubing connector.
8 Place the ANALYZING UNIT POWER to ON while ensuring that the sample
probe is not attaching any conducting .object, such as hands.
6-8
9 Calibrate the sample probe manually. Check if indicator D2 (yellow) is

lightened within 2 seconds when the ANALYZING UNIT POWER to ON. Press
the switch S2 on the level detection board and then release it, then check if
indicator D2 is first extinguished and then lightened. If it is, that means the
calibration succeeds.
Exercise caution to prevent the sample probe from attaching any conducting
object during the calibration.
10 Add deionized water to a clean cup. Immerse the probe tip into the water by
2-3mm and indicator D5 on the circuit board should be lighted. Take the probe
tip out of water, and the indicator should go out. If the test succeeds, proceed
to the next step; if not, please contact our Customer Service Department or
the distributor.
6-9
11 Check the marks inside the probe arm cover to see the orientation of the
cover. Install the cover back to the probe arm.
CAUTION:
The marks inside the probe arm cover are shown in the figure
below.
To Probe To Rotor
12 Pull the probe arm to its highest point and rotate it to move the probe to a
13 Install the sample/reagent disk.
6.2.2 Replacing Probe

If the probe is bent or damaged, it must be replaced immediately. Follow the
procedure given below to replace the damaged or bent probe.
1 Remove the bent or damaged probe as instructed by 6.2.1.1 Removing

Probe.
BIOHAZARD:
Dispose of the bent or damaged probe in accordance with your
local or national guidelines for biohazard waste disposal.
2 Install a new probe as instructed by 6.2.1.3 Installing Probe.
6.2.3 Replacing Mixing Bar

If the mixing bar is damaged, it must be replaced immediately. Follow the procedure
given below to replace the damaged mixing bar.
WARNING:
When replacing the bar, pinch the bar only by the knurled part and do
not touch the other part of the bar. Protect the flat part of the bar from
been scratched.
BIOHAZARD:
Dispose of the damaged mixing bar in accordance with your local or
national guidelines for biohazard waste disposal.

2 Gently pull the bar arm to its highest point and rotate it to move the bar to a
position convenient to operate.
6-10
3
CAUTION:
When trying to pull out the bar, concentrate your force in the
direction of the axis on the bar arm. Biased force may damage
the bar and/or the axis.
Pinch the bar by the knurled part with one hand and unscrew
(counter-clockwise) the retaining nut with the other hand until the mixing bar
looses. Pull the bar downward to remove it and remove the nut.
Retaining Nut
Knurled Part
4 Align the new mixing bar to the bigger hole end of the retaining nut and
gently screw it into the nut until the end of the bar is in line with the smaller
hole end of the nut.
Retaining Nut
Knurled Part
5 Pinch the mixing bar by the knurled part and align the hole of the nut to the
axis on the bar arm, then push the bar upward in the direction of the axis
until it cant proceed. Tighten the nut by screwing clockwise with the other
hand.
CAUTION:
When trying to push the bar, concentrate your force in the
direction of the axis on the bar arm. Biased force may damage
the bar and/or the axis.
Ensure the bar is all the way pushed to the end.
6 After replacing the bar, visually check whether the bar is vertical to the bar
arm.
If not, remove the bar and re-install it.
7 Pull the bar arm to its highest point and rotate it to move the bar to a position
above its wash well.
6.2.4 Replacing Plunger Assembly of Syringe

The old plunger assembly of syringe should be replaced with a new one when
6-11
The old one has served for three months; or

The old one has been used for over 100,000 tests; or
The old one is apparently damaged.
CAUTION:
Exercise caution when installing the assembly. Excessive force may
crack the syringe.

2 Unscrew the screws on the syringe cover and remove the cover.
The structure of the syringe is as shown in the figure below.
Tee
Syringe Connector
Retaining Screw
Retaining
Screw Space Bar
Syringe
Retaining Screw
Retaining Space Bar
Screw
Plunger Guide Cap
Holder
Plunger Button
Lower Retaining Screw
3 Prepare a new plunger assembly (shown in the figure below) and soak the
plunger tip in deionized water to eliminate bubbles.
Plunger Tip Plunger Rod Plunger Button

Plunger Guide Cap
4 Unscrew (counter-clockwise) the lower retaining screw.
5 Unscrew (counter-clockwise) the four retaining screws, remove the screws
and space bars, and remove the syringe from the holder.
6
CAUTION:
There may be residual water in the syringe connector. Do not
drop water onto the analyzing unit.
Grab the Tee with one hand and the syringe connector with the other hand
and unscrew (counter-clockwise) the syringe.
6-12
7
CAUTION:
There may be residual water in the syringe. Do not drop water
onto the analyzing unit.
Unscrew (counter-clockwise) the plunger guide cap and pinch the plunger
button to gently pull the plunger assembly from the syringe.
Syringe Connector Syringe Plunger Guide Cap

Plunger Rod Plunger Button
8 Pinch the new plunger assembly by the plunger button and carefully insert
the plunger tip into the syringe and push it all the way to the end. Screw
(clockwise) the plunger guide cap until secure.
9 Immerse the syringe connector into deionized water. Pinch the plunger
button, pull it to aspirate half syringe of deionized water and then push it to
expel the deionized water and the air from the syringe.
10 Grab the Tee with one hand and the syringe connector with the other hand.
Screw (clockwise) the syringe into the Tee until secure.
11 Place the syringe on the holder. Install space bars and fix retaining screws.
NOTE:
The upper edge of the upper space bar must reach the seventh
line of the scale on the syringe.
When fixing retaining screws, be sure to tighten them
alternately with equilibrium force.
12 Screw (clockwise) the lower retaining screw until secure.

13 Place the Power back to ON.
14 Enter the Alignment screen of the operating software and set the Vol.(R.
Syringe) to 450. Click R. Syringe Aspirate. After the syringe finishes the
motion, click R. Syringe Dispense. You may repeat this action several
times.
Pay attention to bubbles during the aspiration/dispensing process.
If there are bubbles observed during the process, they may be caused by the
air leak between the syringe and the Tee. Uninstall the syringe and re-install
it.
If the bubbles are found again, there is something wrong with the fluid path.
6.2.5 Replacing Lamp

Replace the lamp with a new one when the system reminds to do so, or the service
time of the lamp has added up to 1,000 hours.
CAUTION:
Do not touch the light entrance of the lamp. In case the entrance is
dirty, clean it with ethanol-soaked defatted cotton.
6-13
1 Place the MAIN POWER to OFF. Wait at least 15 minutes for the lamp and its housing to cool
down.
WARNING:
After working for a while, the lamp and its housing are usually
hot enough to burn you. Do not proceed with this procedure
until they have cooled down.
2 Remove the right cover of the analyzing unit.
3 Unscrew the two cable connectors, and then remove the cables.
6-14
Remove the retaining screw on the lamp.

4
Remove the lamp.

5
6 Install the new lamp in the reversed steps.
7
Install the right cover of the analyzing unit.
8 Place the Power back to ON.

9 Log on the test and maintenance software. Username: bs200, Password:
BS200@Mindray!
6-15
10 Wait 10 minutes until the light source is stable, and then enter the Maintenance screen
and click New Lamp. Follow the software instruction to refresh the air blank AD value
(Background value).
11 Check the air blank AD (Background value) after executing New Lamp.The replacement
is successful when the value of all channels is below 65535.If the background is above
65535, the background overflows and it is necessary to adjust the gain.
6.2.6 Replacing the Filter

It is necessary to replace the filter when it is damaged or aged. The steps of replacing
filters are as follows.
6-16
2 Remove the right plate and right top plate of the analyzing unit.
3 Pull out the sensor and the motor cable socket.

4 Unscrew the two screws fixing the dustproof cover and remove the plate.
Dustproof cover
6-17
5 Unscrew the two screws fixing the filter wheel driver assembly to remove it.
NOTE: While removing the screws, hold the filter drive assembly to prevent it from falling
off and being damaged.
6 Use the fixture BA10-J12-01 to cover the filters and then unscrew the 8 screws fixing
the filter by using the cross-head screwdriver. It is necessary to use the fixture to
protect the filters from being scratched. If you can not find the fixture on the spot,
handle carefully..
6-18
7 Push the filter out with cotton swabs..

The corresponding relationship between the filter and the filter wheel installation hole
is :
Wavelength
340 405 546 670 450 510 578 630
nm
Hole
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Position
Pay attention to the direction of the filter wheel during installation. The arrow on the
filter wheel indicates the direction of the light path, or put the end surface with chamfer
angle to the bottom of the installation hole.
Self-attack Screw Gasket
Filter
Fliter Wheel
8 Install the filter to the filter wheel hole with the right order and direction. Cover the filter with
fixture BA10-J12-01 and tighten the 8 screws on the filter. If you can not find the fixture on
the spot, handle carefully.
9 Install the sensor and the motor cable socket.
10 Install dustproof cover.
11 Install the right plate and the right top panel
NOTE:
1. Wear white clear cotton gloves while operating.
2. Do not get the filter damaged while screwing the screws.
3. Press the filter gently into the installation hole on the filter
wheel.
4. If there is dirty on the surface of the filter, clean it with
ethanol-soaked defatted cotton.
5. Check the rotation of the filter wheel.
6-19
6.2.7 Replacing the Optical Fiber

2 Unscrew the four screws on the reaction disk cover.
3 Open the reaction disk cover. Pay attention to the power cord of the
heater.
Power cord
of the heater
4 Remove the three M3 socket screws and take out the reaction disk.
6-20
5 Use a hex wrench to loosen the screw that is used to fasten the optical
fiber on the optical base.
6 Take out the optical fiber, and fix the optical component in the optical base
by fastening the screws slightly.
7 Nip off the cable tie and draw out the optical fiber from the bottom of the
reaction compartment.
8 Loosen the M3 screw (used to retain optical fiber) on the lamp housing,
and then draw out the optical fiber.
9 Put the new optical fiber into the reaction disk through its bottom, loosen
corresponding screw, insert the optical fiber to the end, and then fasten the
screw.
6-21
10 Loosen the screw of the lamp housing, insert the optical fiber, and then
fasten the screw and fix the fiber on the shore use cable tie.
11 Put back the reaction disk and fix it.
12 Put back the reaction disk cover and fix it.
NOTE:
When replacing the optical fiber, ensure that its bending radius is no
less than 20cm, or the fiber will be damaged.
6.3 Bar Code Reader Adjustment
NOTE:
Do not stare into the lamp or the laser beam from the bar code reader
when the analyzer is in operation.
6.3.1 Adjusting Sample Bar Code Reader

Requirements:
The light beam of sample bar code reader is about 1mm wide and is centered to
around 0.5mm from the left of the scanning hole.
6-22
Checking:
1) Place a bar-coded sample tube on the sample/reagent disk.
2) Start scanning the bar code label on the sample tube and turn on the laser.
3) Check the position of light beam according to the scanning hole.
Adjustment:
1) Turn on
2) If deviation in direction A (see figure above) occurs, loosen the screw A and
adjust the bar code reader until the position of light beam meets the
requirements.
3) If deviation in direction B (see figure above) occurs, loosen the screw A and
adjust the bar code reader until the position of light beam meets the
requirements.
6-23
6.3.2 Adjusting Reagent Bar Code Reader

Requirements:
The light beam of reagent bar code reader locates within 1mm from the center line
of the reagent bottle.
Movement
direction
Light beam
1mm
Checking:
1) Place a bar-coded reagent bottle on the sample/reagent disk.
6-24
2) Start scanning the bar code label on the reagent bottle and turn on the laser.
3) Check the position of light beam on the reagent bottle.
Adjustment:
1) First check if light beam of sample bar coder reader is adjusted properly. If not,
adjust it and then check the light beam position of the reagent bar code reader.
2) If the light beam of sample bar code reader is adjusted properly but the position
of reagent bar code reader light beam does not meet the requirements, please
adjust the rotation deviation of sample/reagent disk while considering the
reagent aspiration position and bar code scanning position.
6.4 ISE Unit(optional) Maintenance
6.4.1 Replacing tubings
Note
Before replacing tubings, please follow the steps below:
1. Take off the ISE Unit gate
2. Take off the joint of Cal A tubing of the wand from that of the pump tubing
3. Lift up the Cal A tubing of the wand to make the solution is the tubing flow back
to the reagent pack.
6-25
4. Do the same operation to Cal B tubing.
Note
Do not take off the waste tubing of the wand
5. Use the maintenance and test software to purge A and B for 25 times, then
replace the tubings. After the replacement, insert the tubings of the wand which
has been taken off before back to their original position. Then purge A and B for
another 25 times to ensure the replacement is successful.
6.4.1.1 Replacing Calibration tubings
1. Take off the tubing joint from the pump tubing, and another end from the ISE
sample port
6-26
2. Take off the joint from the replaced tubing.
3. Insert the joint into the new tubing and make it connected to the ISE sample port
and the pump tubing.
6-27
6.4.1.2 Replacing pump tubings
1. Take off the tubings which are connected to the pump tubing.
2. Hold on one side of the pump tubing, and lift up a little then take it off from the
pump shelf.
6-28
3. Take another side of the pump tubing from the shelf.
4. Install the new pump tubing to the pump shelf and insert the tubings which have
been taken off in step 1 back to the new tubing.
6.4.1.3 Replacing the wand
After emptying the solution in the tubing, take off the waste pump of the wand and
change a new one.
Note
Do not insert the tubings of the wand into the wrong place of the pump tubings,
otherwise it will cause function failure.
6.4.2 Replacing ISE module

When the ISE module is damaged, it needs to be taken out of the analyzer with the
shielding box and then be replaced.
1. Disconnect the communication lines in the ISE module, and take off the Cal A
and Cal B tubings.
2. Release the screws which fix the shielding box to the main board.
6-29
3. Take off the shielding box from the analyzer
4. Release the four screws on top of the shielding box to replace the ISE module
5. After the replacement, put the shielding box back to the analyzer. Tight the
screws and insert the Cal A and Cal B tubings back to the sample port.
6.5 Adjusting
6.5.1 Adjusting Probe and Disks
NOTE:
6-30
Adjust the position of the probe according to the position of the cuvette
first, and then adjust other positions.
Before adjusting parameters at the PARA and Speed tab of the
Maintenance and Test Software, remember to click the Enable
modifying parameters button at the Command Main Unit tab and
use a jumper to shortcut the 3.3V of J1 of the main control board; after
finishing adjusting, remember to use a jumper to shortcut GND of J1 of
the main control board.
1 Adjust the position of the probe.
NOTE:
To minimize cumulative errors, ensure that the probe returns
to the initial position before each adjustment.
(1) Adjust the dispensing position of the probe. Ensure the probe is in
the center of the cuvette and the probe tip is 2-3mm away from the
top of the cuvette.
(2) Adjust the position of the initial-position transducer of the
sample/reagent disk. Ensure the reagent bottles and sample tubes
fit the disk cover well.
(3) Adjust the washing position of the probe. Ensure the probe is in the
center of the wash well and the probe tip is 5mm away from the
bottom of the wash well. If necessary, adjust the position of the wash
well.
(4) Adjust the probes position on the outer circle of the disk. Ensure the
probe is in the center of the sample tube.
(5) Adjust the probes position on the inner circle of the disk. Ensure the
probe is in the center of the reagent bottle.
(6) Adjust the probes position on the ISE sample port. Ensure the port
is with the circle of diameter of 1 mm around the center of the port.
2 Adjust the position of the mixing bar.
(1) Adjust the mixing position of the bar. Ensure the bar is in the center
of the cuvette on the reaction disk.
(2) Adjust the vertical position of the bar in the cuvette. Ensure the bar
tip is 1-2mm away from the bottom of the cuvette.
(3) Adjust the washing position of the mixing bar. Ensure the bar is in
the center of the wash well and about 5mm away from the bottom of
the wash well. If necessary, adjust the position of the wash well.
3 In the Maintenance and Test Software, select corresponding command
to rotate the reaction disk and move the probe and the mixing bar to see if
they clash with any reaction cuvette. If the mixing bar knocks the side or
the bottom of any cuvette, repeat Step 2.
6.5.2 Adjusting Signal Gain of Photoelectric Unit

1 Start the Maintenance and Test Software.
2 Select Command Main Unit tab.
3 Click the Enable modifying parameters button.
6-31
4 Select Command Reaction Unit tab.

5 Click the Turn on light button to turn on the lamp of photoelectric unit.
6 Select PARA and Speed tab.
7 Select the Reaction Unit from the pulldown list to the right of Unit Name.
8 Click the Query button to display the photoelectric gain of each wavelength.
9 Ensure there is no cuvette on the reaction disk.
10 Adjust and configure the photoelectric gain of each wavelength (except
700nm) at the PARA and Speed screen until the voltage of each wavelength
before A/D conversion is between 4.70V and 4.90V. You can measure the
voltage of each wavelength on the A/D conversion board with a multimeter.
NOTE:
Before adjusting, remember to use a jumper to shortcut the
3.3V of J1 of the main control board.
After finishing adjusting, remember to use a jumper to
shortcut GND of J1 of the main control board.
The following table displays the corresponding test points on the A/D
conversion board (the reference test point is TP12).
Wavelength 340 405 450 510 546 578 630 670 REF
Test Point TP1 TP2 TP3 TP4 TP5 TP6 TP7 TP8 TP10
6.5.3 Adjusting Photoelectric Collection Position

1 Start the Maintenance and Test Software.
2 Select Command Main Unit.
3 Click the Enable modifying parameters button.
4 Click the Mechanical Reset button to reset all the mechanical parts of the
analyzer.
5 Place 8 segments of new cuvettes in the reaction disk.
6 Measure the TP1 and TP11 with a dual trace oscillograph. The reference test
point is TP12. TP11 is the A/D Conversion Start Signal.
7 Select Command Reaction Unit.
8 Click the Rotate and Measure button and observe the positions of the
pulses relative to the waveform from the oscillograph.
All pulses(the A/D Conversion Start Signal) should be generated at the flat
parts of the waveform and most of them should be at a little right of the
center of the flat parts, as shown in the figure below.
6-32
pulse
9 If the positions of the pulses do not meet the above requirements, you can
adjust the initial position of photoelectric collection according to the following
steps.
(1) Select PARA and Speed tab of the Maintenance and Test Software.
(2) Select Reaction Unit from the pulldown list to the right of Unit Name.
(3) Click the Query button.
(4) Adjust and configure the parameter of Initial position of photoelectric
collection and go back to the step 2 (skip step 3).
NOTE:
Before adjusting, remember to use a jumper to shortcut the
3.3V of J1 of the main control board.
After finishing adjusting, remember to use a jumper to shortcut
GND of J1 of the main control board.
10 Repeat through step 2 to step 9 (except step3) to measure the waveform of
other wavelengths whose test points are from TP2 to TP10 (except TP9).
NOTE:
(1) If the waveform is oblique, as shown in the figure below, loosen the
screw that is used to fasten the optical fiber on the colorimetric rack or
the reference light support and rotate the fiber slightly (avoiding
breaking the fiber) until the waveform is not oblique. After adjusting,
fasten the screw.
oblique
not oblique
(2) The parameter of Initial position of photoelectric collection
cannot be less than 0. If it is 0 and the pulses still cannot meet
requirements, you need to adjust the optical coupler of the reaction
unit that is used to detect the position of the reaction disk.
6-33
6.6 Checking
6.6.1 Checking Reagent Refrigeration Board

Test Device
1. A multimeter
2. A constant power supply
3. A resistor
4. 4 jumpers
5. A slotted screwdriver (2mm)
Connection Diagram
Constant
Multimeter Resistor
power supply
Reagent refrigeration board
Checking Procedure
1. To test the power supply
Connect the constant power supply to J86 (PIN 1, 5, 6 to 12V; PIN 2, 3, 4 to GND)
and J87 (PIN3 to +5V; PIN1 to GND). Use the multimeter to check the constant
power supply (12V0.6V and 5V0.3V). Power on the constant power supply and
check the power supply as following:
1 9V: 90.45V; test point: the voltage at two terminals of the C2 capacitor.
2 5FAN: 50.25V; test point: the voltage at two terminals of the C14 capacitor.
3 5V: 50.25V; test point: the voltage at two terminals of the C16 capacitor.
4 2.5V: 50.25V; test point: the voltage at two terminals of the C7 capacitor.
2. To adjust the temperature control point
Adjust VR1 to make the TP1 (TP3: GND): 1.75V0.01V.
Adjust VR2 to make the TP2 (TP3: GND): 1.84V0.01V.
After adjustment, fix the resistance of VR1 and VR2 with a little glue or other
materials.
3. To adjust the temperature control
Connect a resistor to the slot of the J88 transducer and adjust the resistance to
simulate the variation of temperature.
Adjust the resistor to make TP5 (TP3: GND) supply switch between 1.85V (reference
resistance of resistor is 12.5K) and 1.75V (reference resistance of resistor is 10.2K)
and measure the voltage at 1 and 2 terminals of the J89.
6-34
1) If the TP5 supply is more than 1.84V, the output is 0V0.6V.
2) If the TP5 supply decreases from 1.84V, the output doesnt change. If it is no more
than 1.75V, the output is 12V0.6V.
3) If the TP5 supply increases from 1.75V, the output doesnt change. If it is no less
than 1.84V, the output is 0V0.6V.
4. Test the feedback signals of fans
When no fan is connected to J71-J74, LED1-LED4 light and the U6 PIN4 (TP3: GND)
has a high level (>4V).
When PIN1 and PIN2 of any of the J71-J74 are short circuited with a jumper, the
corresponding LEDs are off and the U6 PIN 4 has a high level (>4V).
When PIN1 and PIN2 of the J71-J74 are short circuited with jumpers, all LEDs are
off and the U6 PIN 4 has a low level (<0.8V).
Tempe 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
rature
()
Voltag 1.88 1.86 1.84 1.82 1.79 1.77 1.75 1.73 1.7 1.68 1.66
e (V)
6.6.2 Checking Optical Couplers

This procedure is applicable to all four-pin optical couplers used on the analyzer.
1 There are two labels E and S on the optical coupler. E stands for emitter and
S stands for sensor.
2 A constant DC 5V or above is needed.
3 Usually the two pins on the E terminal are red and black or red and blue. The
red end is for high level.
The E terminal that is powered by 5V is in serial connection with a 220

resistor.
4 Usually the two pins on the S terminal are white and green. The white end is
for high level.
The S terminal that is powered by 5V is in serial connection with a 5.1K

resistor.
5 Voltage of the white end can be measured with a multimeter.
When the optical coupler is not shielded, the white end has a low level which
does not exceed 0.6V; otherwise it has a high level which exceeds 4.4V.
If the measured voltage is within the above thresholds, the optical coupler
runs normally.
6-35
6-36
Maintenance and Test Software
7 Maintenance and Test Software
7.1 Basic Operations

7.1.1 Installation
It is not necessary to install the test and maintenance software. Just copy the
software files to the PC and click the NewDebug.exe icon to start the program.
Parameters can be downloaded automatically when software is running. The
communication frame is shown on the system interface when downloading the
parameters. After downloading finished, you can use the functions of the software.
The product number of the test and maintenance software is G-BA10-30-78244 for
BS-120/BS-130 and G-110-000519-00 for BS-180/BS-190.
7.1.2 Overview
7.1.2.1 Screen Layout
The main screen of the test and maintenance software consists of two parts. See
Figure 7-1.
Figure 7-1 Screen layout of Test and Maintenance Software
The upper area provides various function buttons to test each unit.
The lower area displays the communication data associated with the main unit/subunits.
The lower-right area provides options and buttons to control the communication frame.
7-1
7.1.2.2 Function Distribution

Click Command on the higher-left area as shown in Figure 7-2. At the Command
screen you can select different units and then you can see the debugging buttons of the
corresponding units.
Similarly, you can choose PARA and Speed, Temperature, Photoelectric on the
higher-left area to run different debugging functions.The following is an introduction of the
Command, PARA and Speed, Temperature, Photoelectric.
The function buttons for serial port setup, version query are located on the higher-right
area of the main interface.
Figure 7-2 Screen Layout of Test and Maintenance Software
7.1.2.3 Language Switch

The software support English and Chinese display. After opening the software, click
setup on the higher-left area and input bs120 in textbox of the pupped-up dialog box
(see Figure 7-3), and then click ok. As long as the Language button is selectable, click it
to change the language.
7-2
Figure 7-3 Input Serial Port Password
7.2 Operating Commands

Click Command on the higher-left as shown in Figure 7-2, and then you can see the tabs
for each unit.
7.2.1 Main Unit

The Main Unit screen includes the following commands:
Download Parameters: Download parameters for all of units.
Mechanical reset: Select this command to reset the mechanical parts of subunits.
Enable modifying parameters: Select this command to enable modifying the

parameters of all units.
Disable modifying parameters: Select this command to disable modifying the

parameters of all units.
Shake Hands With Machine: Select this command to communicate with the main
unit.
NOTE
Enable modify parameters and Disable modify parameters can
be used only when the parameter write protection of the main
board is disabled.The main board will be at the status of parameter
write protection in normal situation. Please refer to 7.3.1 for details
about how to cancel parameter write protection.
Send original command: Select this command to send the instruction to the main
unit directly. Please note that this function can be performed only by debug users.
7.2.2 Mixing Unit

Click Mixing Unit on the higher-left area and then you can see the fuction buttons of the
mixing unit.
Mixing bar to the top of wash poolMove the mixing bar to the position above
the wash pool
Mixing bar into wash poolMove the mixing bar into the wash pool to wash
Mixing bar to the top of reaction tray move the mixing bar to the position
above the reaction tray
7-3
Mixing bar into reaction trayMove the mixing bar down into the reaction tray
Mixing bar stirs for given timeTurn on the motor and the mixing bar stirs for
given time
Mixing unit resetExecute mechanical resetting to the mixing unit. The mixing
bar moves to the top of the reaction tray from the current position and then back to
the wash pool to wash.
Figure 7-4 Mixing Unit Debugging Interface
7.2.3 Reagent Unit

Click Reagent Unit on the higher-left area and then you can see the function buttons of
the reagent unit. For Reagent tray rotate, input the number of circles to rotate in the first
edit box, and the specified position to stop in the second edit box. The specified position
means specified bottle to aspirate.
The Reagent probe postion correct and Stop are reserved functions, but not available
in the current version.
Like other units, the actual working postion of the sample unit and reagent unit is
determined by their respective position parameters. Please refer to 8.3 for details about
parameters.
7-4
Figure 7-5 Reagent Unit Debugging Interface
7.2.4 Sample Unit

Since the sample unit and the reagent unit share the same probe and sample/reagent
disk, the debugging functions for the sample unit and reagent unit are the same.
7-5
Figure 7-6 Sample Unit Debugging Interface
7.2.5 Reaction Unit

Click Reaction Unit on the higher-left area and then you can see the fuction buttons of
the reaction unit.
Reaction tray rotateInput the number of the circles to rotate in the first edit box
and the position to stop in the second edit box, which means to stop the specified
cuvette to the 1# dispensing position of the reaction disk.
When you input 29 into the second edit box, the first cuvette segment will stop at the
replacement position; input 34, the second cuvette segment will stop at the replacement
position; input 39, the third cuvette segment will stop at the replacement position; input
4, the fourth cuvette segment will stop at the replacement positionand the rest cuvette
segment can be deduced by analogy.
Reaction tray rotate some cupsThe number of cuvettes the reaction disk
passes while rotating.
Turn on light
Turn off light
Rotate and measure Collect photoelectric data of all the cuvettes on the
reation disk at all wavelengths.
7-6
Figure 7-7 Reaction Unit Debugging Interface
7.2.6 ISE Module

Click ISE Module on the higher-left area and then you can see the fuction buttons of the
ISE module.
7-7
Figure 7-8 ISE Module
The following is the introduction of the sending instruction and the returning instruction.
Handshake: shake hands with ISE module.Sending instruction: <ISE?>, returning

instruction <ISE!>
Purge A: Purge A cleaning. Sending instruction: <PUGA>
Purge B: Purge B cleaning. Sending instruction: <PUGB>
Bubble calibration: Sending instruction <BBCL>, returning instruction <BBC A xxx M

xxx L xxx>
Calibration: sending instruction <CALB>, returning instruction <CAL Li xx.xx Na

xx.xx K xx.xx Cl xx.xx eeeeeeec> <CAL Li xx.xx Na xx.xx K xx.xx Cl xx.xx
eeeeeeec>
Maintenance: Sending instruction: <MANT>, returning instruction <ISE!>
Single step serum: Sending instruction: <SAMP>, returning instruction <ISE!>
Single step urine 1: Sending instruction: <UWBW>, returning instruction <ISE!>
Single step urine 2: Sending instruction: <UWBW>, returning instruction <ISE!>
Single step wash: Sending instruction: <CLEN>, returning instruction <ISE!>
Single step pump calibration: Sending instruction: <PMCL>, returning instruction

<ISE!>
Single step start: Sending instruction: <STRT>, returning instruction /
7-8
Dispense purge A: Sending instruction: <DSPA_200>, returning instruction <ISE!>
Debugging start 1: Sending instruction: <DVON>, returning instruction <ISE!>
Debugging start 2: Sending instruction: <MVON>, returning instruction <ISE!>
Debugging shutdown: Sending instruction: <DVFF>, returning instruction <ISE!>
Program check: Sending instruction: <CKSM>, returning instruction <ISV cccc>
Read electrode output voltage: Sending instruction: <RDMV>, returning instruction

<AMV Li xxx.x Na xxx.x K xxx.x Cl xxx.x>
Read reagent chip: Sending instruction: <DLRD_pp>, returning instruction <DSN

s0s0s1s1..s6s6s7s7 c>
Write reagent chip: Sending instruction: <DLWR_pp_aa_dd>
7.2.7 Temperature Unit

Click Temp Unit on the higher-left area and then you can see the fuction buttons of the
reaction unit.
Select the Reaction checkbox, and then click Enable/Disable temperature control to
turn on the reaction disk temperature control. Disselect the Reaction checkbox, and then
click Enable/Disable temperature control to turn off the reaction temperature control.
Reagent PreHeat is to control the reagent preheating. The control method is the same
with Reaction.
Length of Sensor Line: orginal line- 3.5cm extra line- 51.5 cm. Both are fixed
parameters.
Orginal Data: Input 0, 37 and 100 to the T column, and corresponding resistance values
in the R column. Click Caculate to get R0, A, B.
When the reaction disk temperature sensor is replaced, the R0, A, B should be
recalculated by using the function provided by Orginal Data. The R0, A, B should be
configured in PARA and Speed-Temperature Unit.
When temperature collection board is replaced, AD should be reconfigured in PARA

and Speed-Temperature Unit.
The interface to configure temperature control parameters is shown in the Figure 7-10.
Reagent preheating sensor: keep the default.
Reaction disk sensor: input the calculated R0, A, B in the first three column; input AD
value in the fourth column ( found in the temperature collection board. If the board is not
replaced, leave it unmodified.)
Target temp. of reaction disk[0.01]: keep 37.8 as default.
Reagent preheating temp. control: keep 12/10/2 as default.
Target temp. for reagent preheating: keep 45 as default.
Reaction temp. control: keep 100/250/50 as default.
7-9
Figure 7-9 Temperature Unit
7-10
Figure 7-10 Temperature Unit Parameter Configuration
7.3 Parameter
Select PARA and Speed on the higher-left area to enter the parameter configuration
screen shown in Figure 7-11.You can configure two types of parameters: the parameters
of the subunits and the parameters of the motor speed.To configure the parameters of the
subunits, select the unit from the Unit Name drop-down list. To configure the motor
parameters, select the motor from Speed Name drop-down list.
7-11
Figure 7-11 Parameter Configuration Interface
7.3.1 The Precondition for Parameter Configuration

Enable the parameter modification before configuring the parameters.
To save the modification, follow the instruction below:
Connect socket J15 on main board as shown in Figure 7-12. The parameter modification
function is then enabled.The default connection is shown in figure 8-12 (a). It is in
parameter write protection.
Figure 7-12 Connection Mode of the J15 Socket on Main Board
VDD GND VDD GND
aparameter write protection bparameter modification enabled
Select Enable modifying parameters on Command-Main Unit of the test and

maintenance software and then configure the parameters and save the modification.
After configuration, restore the main board to the status of parameter write protection.
7-12
NOTE
If not necessary, please do not use this method to modify
parameters.
If really necessary, restart the analyzing unit and double check to

confirm the modification of the parameter after configuration,
After the parameter configuration is validated, restore the socket

J15 on main board to the status of parameter write protection.
If it is not necessary to validate the modified parameters perpetually, you can restore the
previous parameters after restarting. Please follow the instructions as below:
Click the Setup button on the higher-right area of the software shown in Figure 7-13,
input bs120 to the dialog box, and then click OK.
Figure 7-13 Enable Modifying Parameters 1
2) There is System instruction under each unit name. Please change the value of byte
8 from 00 to 03 in the system instruction, and then click Run to validate the
configuration. The following figure takes the reaction unit as an example.
7-13
Figure 7-14 Enable Modifying Parameters 2
NOTE
1 The configuration modification is only effective to selected
unit.If the number of the units is more than 1, modify
configuration of each unit respectively.
2 If the main board is in the status of parameter write

protection, you can still use the method to modify parameter
configuration, but the parameters will be restored to the previous
one after restarting.
3 If the main board is not in the status of parameter write

protection, the modification will be validated perpetually.
7.3.2 Detailed Operations

The operation units related to the parameters include Inquire, Configure, Save, Read
and Configure All. Enable the parameter modification before configuring the parameters,
The detailed operations are described in the section 7.3.1
Before performing the operation, select the target unit from the drop-down list of Unit
Name or Speed Name. If a unit from the Unit Name list and a motor from the Speed
Name list are both selected, the system can only identify the last selected one.
7-14
7.3.2.1 Query
Select the target unit and click Query to inquire about the parameters of the
corresponding units and the motors.
7.3.2.2 Config
1. Inquire or read the parameters of the selected unit.
2. Modify the parameter
3. Enable the parameters to be selectable and then click Config.
4. The parameter configuration will be completed, only when the Config

command frame (the third byte of the communication frame is 01), Reply
frame (the third byte of the communication frame is 02) and the result frame
(the third byte of the communication frame is 03) show up.
5. After parameter configuration, click Query to confirm.
The parameter configuration will be successful only when the parameter modification of
the target unit is enabled. Otherwise, the warning of parameter modification protection
will show up at the bottom of the screen.
For the units in the Unit Name drop-down list, if the main board is in parameter write
protection status, the new parameters will be validated after configuration; but the system
will restore the previous parameters after restarting. If the modification function is enabled,
the new parameters will be perpetually validated after configuration.
For the motors in the Speed Name list, the configuration modification will only be
validated after configuration. After the analyzing unit is shutdown, the motor parameters
will be stored to the original ones.
7.3.2.3 Save
Click Save to back-up the current parameters of the target unit in a new file after the
operations of Inquire, Configure, Read and Configure All.
7.3.2.4 Load
1Select a target unit.
2Click Read and then select a parameter file in the pop-up dialog box. If the selected file
is not belong to the target unit, the system will automatically switch the current unit to the
unit specified by the parameter file.
3) Click Config All to refresh all the parameters of the target unit.
7.3.2.5 Config All

1) Select a target unit.
2) Inquire or read the parameters of the selected unit, or modify the parameter if needed.
3) Select Confiure All to complete the configuration with all current parameters to the
target unit.
7-15
7.4 Temperature
7.4.1 Functions
The Temperature provides the functions of real-time monitoring on the temperature of
the reaction disk and the reagent preheating.
7.4.2 Operation Details

Figure 7-15 Reaction Disk and Reagent Preheat
This following content discribes the functions on the Temperature screen.
Value: current temperature
YRange: set up the Y coordinate range
XRange: set up the points on the X coordinate
Period: set up the interval of sampling. The unit is second.
Stop: stop temperature data collection
Freeze: stop refreshing the curve
Click Start to begin the collection of temperature data.
You can adjust the YRange during collection.
The startup temperature will be saved automatically under the running directory.
The operation to monitor the temperature curve of reagent preheating is the same as
reaction disk.
7-16
7.5 Photoelectric
The following operations are performed on the photoelectric screen:
1) Filter offset test;
2) Photoelectric gain auto-configuration;
3) Light source background test;
4) Dark current test.
7.5.1 Filter Offset

1) Select Photoelectric-Filter Offset, and then click Start.
2) The process will last for 3-4 minutes until all the red curves are displayed. The green
font appears to indicate the test is finished.
3) After testing, click OK. A pink line will be at the center of the first peak.You can also
adjust the line manually by clicking the up-arrow and the down-arrow on the text box
under the curve.
4) When the line is adjusted to the center of the first peak, the offset of the filter equals to
the value in the text box minus 100.
5) Confiugure the filter offset in PARA and Speed-Reaction Unit.
7-17
Figure 7-16 Filter Offset
7.5.2 Photoelectric Gain

NOTE
Before configuring the gain, make sure the filter offset has been
reasonably configured.
1) After start-up and the light source is stable, select Photoelectric-Others-Test Gain
and then click Start.
2) After the test is finished, you can view the gain value in the Gain column.The order is
340nm, 405nm, 450nm, 510nm, 546nm, 578nm, 630nm, 670nm.
3) During the test, the software will configure the gain value to the reaction unit.
4) After the test, you can select PARA and Speed-Reaction Unit-Query to confirm the
configuration.
Note: the order of the gain on the reaction unit is opposite to the order mentioned above.
The order on the reaction unit is 670nm, 630nm, 578nm, 546nm, 510nm, 450nm, 405nm,
340nm.
5) Run background test to confirm the gain configuration.The recommended range for
background is 48000-62000.
6) If the gain values of a channel are not reasonable, adjust them manually. Change the
gain value of the specific channel on PARA and Speed-Reaction Unit. You will get low
background value by configuring large gain value. Similarly, you will get high background
value by configuring low gain value. The input range for gain value is 1-255.
7-18
NOTE
During the test, the software will configure the gain parameters of
the reaction unit. Therefore, enable the parameter modification
function of the reaction disk before testing.
NOTE
Run background test after configuration to confirm the
configuration. The recommended range for background is
48000-62000.
CAUTION
It is only necessary to run gain test after replacing the lamp and
the background overflows (exceeding 65535). Do not adjust the
gain to elevate the background.
Otherwise the performance will be affected.
Figure 7-17 Gain Test
7.5.3 Light Source Background

Run background test when it is necessary to confirm the intensity of the light source or to
confirm the gain configuration.
7-19
1) After start-up and the light source is stable, select Photoelectric-Others-Light Base
and then click Start.
2) When the green font above Start appears, remove the current cuvette segment and
then click Start.
3) When the test is finished, you can view the background on BackGround column. The
order is 340nm, 405nm, 450nm, 510nm, 546nm, 578nm, 630nm, 670nm.
Figure 7-18 Background Test
7.5.4 Dark Current Test

To test the dark current, select Photoelectric-Others-Dark current, and then click Start.
After the testing you can view the value of dark current in the Dark Current column. The
order is 340nm, 405nm, 450nm, 510nm, 546nm, 578nm, 630nm and 670nm
7-20
Figure 7-19 Dark Current Test Interface
7.5.5 Other Functions of the Photoelectric Test

In the Photoelectric tab, you can also test the basic performance, including absorbance
repeatability, precision, stability, drift, stray light and carryover. Since they are not
included in the maintenance procedure, we will not introduce them in this manual.
7.6 Macro Instructions

7.6.1 Function
Each unit tab of the test and maintenance software only includes the basic commands
and procedures for ordinary alignment, which do not support more complex and
comprehensive tests. However, the Macro Instruction tab allows you to create
necessary instructions or instruction set (macroinstruction) for the tests.
7.6.2 Detailed Operations

7.6.2.1 Screen Layout
Click the Setup button on the higher-right area shown in Figure 8-13, input bs120 to the
dialog box and then click OK. You will enter the administrator interface shown in Figure
7-20.
On the right side of the screen is the Macro Instruction area, in which you can create
and edit macro instructions and execute them circularly.
On the left side of the screen is the instruction area, in which you can view the detailed
instructions of the specified unit.
7-21
Figure 7-20 Macro Instruction Screen
7.6.2.2 Setting up Macro Instruction Name

1) Enter the administrator interface and click Setup, input serial port password bs120
and then click OK;
2) Select New.
3) Enter the name of the new macro instruction in the popup dialog box, and then
select OK. The name appears in the drop-down list box above Index and
Instruction.
7.6.2.3 Adding Single instruction

1) Select or create a macro instruction name.
2) Select an instruction.
Method: Select the desired unit and the instruction type in the Instruction area. All
qualified instructions of the unit are displayed in the lower table.
3) Enter the instruction values.
Enter instruction value in the Value column according to the other information in
the table.
The last two lines of the Value column can be left blank.
The Value column for the reserved instructions can be left blank.
4) Verify the instructions.
7-22
After setting up an instruction, click Send to verify the exactness in the current
environment. If the instruction is correct, the proper response and results frames will be
displayed and the available data will be uploaded; If the instruction is not correct, the
error message explained in red will be showed up in the information box at the bottom of
the screen.
5) Add an instruction to the macro instruction set.
Select Add to Macro. The selected instruction is added to the macro instruction list on
the right-hand side of the screen. Repeat steps 1) through 5) to add more instructions.
6) Select Save below the macro instruction list to save the macro instruction. The
newly-created macro instruction is temporarily stored in the memory. If not saved,
the macro instruction will disappear when you switch to other instructions or exit the
system.
7.6.2.4 Delete Macro Instruction

You can delete the created macro instruction.
To delete created macro instruction, you can choose the macro instructin in the name list,
and click Delete Instruction, and then confirm the deletion in the pop-up dialog box.
If you want to delete an instruction, select the instruction in the name list under the name
of the macro instruction set, and then click Delete Instruction.
7.6.2.5 Save Macro Instruction

Select Save to save a macro instruction to the database so as to be able to execute the
instruction after re-open the software. A new created instruction can not be saved after
exiting the software if not clicking save.
7.6.2.6 Run a Macro Instruction

Click Run to run the macro instruction. A macro instruction set can be built up with single
instruction or multiple instructions. If the macro instruction is built up with multiple
instructions, the macro instruction set will be executed by following the order of each
single instruction. When all the instructions are executed, the macro instruction finishes
one circle.
To run a macro instruction set once, select the checkbox next to the instruction name; the
instructions will be executed only once;
To run a macro instruction set circularly, deselect the checkbox; the instructions will be
executed circularly until clicking stop or pause.
7-23
Figure 7-21 Run Macro Instruction
7-24
Appendix A Diagrams
Figure A-1 Connection of Boards
A-1
Diagrams
Figure A-2 Power Supply Unit
A-2
Diagrams
Figure A-3 Main Control Board
A-3
Diagrams
Figure A-4 Drive Board
Three probes 12&5V Board

connection board 24V Board BA33-30-35080
BA30-30-15284 Reserved BA33-30-35082 1 P352
J207 J206 0
P403
P350
4 3 2 1
3 4
1 2 1 2
P6
1
4
1 2
2
1
009-000887-00
2
4
2
1
3
009-000896-00
009-000899-00
009-000898-00
2
1
009-000897-00
24V 1
24V 2
12V 4
GND 5
GND 6
GND 7
12GND
VCC
3
8
24V Board
1
4
2
2
1
1
2
BA33-30-35082
J18 009-000900-00 P405
1 2 1 2 7 5 3 1 7 5 3 1 1 2 3 4 J21 1 2 1
1 1
009-000891-00
8 6 4 2 8 6 4 2 J17 6 8 2
1
J22 J24 5 7 2 2
J7 J6
2 009-000743-00
DGND 12V
motor 1 GND
GND 24V
GND 24V
GND 5V
1 2
J8
2 NC 1 2
3
3 NC
3 4 4 NC 3 4
4
5 NC
5 6 5 6
6 NC
7 NC
009-000893-00 7 8
8 PUMP_FILL_IN 7 8
1
9 4 9 VAVLE_FILL_IN
10 PUMP_FILL_OUT 9 4
2
J13
11 VALVE_WASH_INJECT1
11 12 11 12
12 VALVE_WASH_INJECT2
motor
3
13 14 13 PREHEAT_REAG
14 STIR_DC 13 14
15 LAMP_CTRL
15 16
4
16 PWR_PV_WASH1 15 16
17 PWR_PV_WASH2
17 18 18 RELAY_T 17 18
009-000890-00 Drive Board
051-000485-00
19 GND
19 20 20 REAC-CLK 19 20 J40
1
Main Board
051-000486-00 21 22
21 REAC-DIR
22 CLK_STIR_R 21 22
2
23 DIR_ STIR_R
motor (J2-JTAGJ3J4Reserved) J20 23 24 23 24
J7
24 DIR_WASH_UP
25 CLK_ WASH_UP
3
25 26 26 CLK_RESERVED_MOTOR1 25 26
27 DIR_RESERVED_MOTOR1
27 28 27 28
4
28 CLK_FILL_T
29 DIR_FIIL_T
009-000892-00 31 DIR_ RESERVED_MOTOR2
31 32
1
32 CLK_STIR_UP 31 32
33 34 33 DIR_STIR_UP 33 34
34 GND
2
motor
J5
35 CLK_SYR_MOTOR1
35 36 35 36
36 DIR_ SYR_MOTOR1
3
37 38 37 CLK_SYR_MOTOR2 37 38
38 DIR_ SYR_MOTOR2
4
40 DIR_ RESERVED_MOTOR3
41 CLK_FILL_R
41 42 42 DIR_FILL_R 41 42
1
43 44 43 CLK_FILL_UP
43 44
44 DIR_ FILL _UP
45 CLK_FILL_SYR
2
45 46
J10
45 46
46 DIR_FILL_SYR
Reserved 47 48 47 GND
47 48
3
J12 J15 J4 J14 J16 J11 48 VCC

49 VCC
49 50 49 50
4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 50 VCC
4
Reserved
009-000889-00
009-000894-00
009-000895-00
009-000888-00
motor motor motor motor
A-4
Diagrams
Figure A-5 A/D Conversion Board
A-5
Diagrams
Figure A-6 Reagent Refrigeration Board
A-6
Diagrams
Figure A-7 Three Probles Connection board
A-7
Diagrams
Figure A-8 Fluid System
A-8
Appendix B Spare Parts List
S/N P/N Description
Shell
1. BA34-20-63652 Serial communication cable
2. 0040-10-32343 Air spring
3. BA31-20-41438 Top cover
4. BA31-20-41439 Left side cover(upper)
5. BA31-20-41440 Right side cover(upper)
6. 042-001884-00 Left side cover(lower)
7. 042-001882-00 Right side cover(lower)
8. BA31-20-41443 Front cover
9. 042-001887-00 Rear cover(upper)
10. BA20-20-75222 Little door on rear cover
11. 042-001886-00 Rear cover(lower)
12. 115-005956-00 Desktop cover(reaction section)
13. BA31-20-41656-51 Desktop cover(reagent section)
14. BA10-20-77802 Syringe compartment cover
15. BA31-30-41436 Protective cover assembly
16. 0000-10-10916 Acupuncture needle
Mechanism
17. BA31-21-56814 Step motor A(small)
18. BA31-21-56816 Step motor B(big)
19. BA20-30-75276 Reagent/sample tray assembly
Sample/Reagent compartment cover

20.
BA31-30-41523 assembly
21. BA20-30-75275 Reagent tray handle assembly
22. BA10-21-78225 Coder sensor with cable for reagent tray
Home position sensor with cable for

23.
BA10-21-78226 reagent tray
24. BA31-30-41530 Reaction tray module
25. BA30-21-15153 Coder sensor with cable for reaction tray
B-1
Spare Parts List
26. BA30-21-15154 Home sensor with cable for reaction tray
27. 115-006036-00 Sample probe drive assembly
28. 115-006037-00 Mixing bar drive assembly
29. BA10-21-78222 Vertical sensor with cable for probe
30. BA10-21-78223 Rotary sensor with cable for probe
31. BA40-30-61525 Sample probe assembly
32. BA30-21-15159 Vertical sensor with cable for mixing bar
33. BA30-21-15160 Rotary sensor with cable for mixing bar
34. BA30-10-15052 DC motor(6V)
35. BA30-20-06774 Retaining nut
36. BA31-20-41651 Mixing bar
37. BA20-20-75212 Bottle base A(white)
38. BA20-20-75212-51 Bottle base B(blue)
39. BA20-20-75214 Tube bracket1(white)
40. BA20-20-75214-51 Tube bracket2(blue)
41. BA10-21-78227 Sensor for Filter Wheel
Optical parts
42. 115-003712-00 lamp
43. BA10-10-78251 340nm filter
44. BA10-10-78252 405nm filter
45. BA10-10-78253 450nm filter
46. BA10-10-78254 510nm filter
47. BA10-10-78255 546nm filter
48. BA10-10-78256 578nm filter
49. BA10-10-78257 630nm filter
50. BA10-10-78258 670nm filter
51. BA10-30-77760 Preamplification board
52. 081-000015-00 ffiber
Liquid system parts
53. 115-006051-00 Deionized water tank head assembly
54. 115-006052-00 Waste liquid tank head assembly
55. BA30-10-06651 500ul syringe
B-2
Spare Parts List
56. 0040-10-32316 500ul plunger tip
57. 0040-10-32302 Connector p647
58. 0040-10-32303 Washer for syringe
59. 0040-10-32307 Washer for probe
60. BA30-20-06647 Reagent compartment drain connector
61. BA30-21-06470 EM valve with cable
62. BA30-21-15311 Interior-washing pump assembly
63. BA31-21-41554 Exterior-washing pump assembly
64. BA31-20-41403 3-way connector of syringe
65. BA31-30-41549 4-way connector assembly
Liquid assembly from EM valve to 3-way

66.
BA31-30-41550 connector of syringe
67. 3001-10-07066 T-connector
68. M6Y-020003--- Check valve
69. BA10-20-77752 Washing pool
70. BA31-30-41412 DI water filter assemby
Hardware
71. 051-000485-00 Main board
72. 051-000486-00 Power drive board
73. BA10-30-77759 AD converter board
74. 051-000141-00 Liquid level detection board
75. BA20-30-75227 Reagent refrigeration board
76. BA30-30-15284 Connection board of probes
77. BA33-30-35078 PFC board
78. BA33-30-35080 12V&5V board
79. BA33-30-35082 24V board
80. BA31-30-41501 Syringe sensor board
81. BA31-21-41491 Power socket and switch assembly
82. M07-00094S-- Analyzing unit switch
83. TSB1-20-20399 Fan of power module
Temperature control parts
84. BA30-10-06633 Peltier cooler
B-3
Spare Parts List
85. BA30-21-06530 Fan with cable in reaction compartment
86. BA30-21-06532 Fan with cable
87. 2100-20-08144 Fan with cable for power drive board
Temperature transducer with cable for

88.
BA30-21-15175 reagent refrigeration compartment
Temperature transducer with cable for

89.
009-000913-00 reaction compartment
Top heater with cable for reaction

90.
024-000085-00 tray(220V)
Bottom heater with cable for reaction

91.
024-000082-00 tray(220V)
Top heater with cable for reaction

92.
024-000086-00 tray(110V)
Bottom heater with cable for reaction

93.
024-000083-00 tray(110V)
94. BA31-30-41551 Reagent preheater assembly
ISE module
95. 115-006054-00 ISE module
96. BA34-30-63624 ISE power board
97. BA34-10-63661 Sample cup
98. BA34-10-63662 Bubble detector
Serial communication cable(male

99.
BA34-20-63758 connector)
100. BA34-10-63639 CL electrode
101. BA34-10-63640 Reference electrode
102. BA34-10-63641 K electrode
103. BA34-10-63642 Na electrode
104. BA34-10-63643 Spacer electrode
105. BA34-10-63644 Li electrode
Barcode scanning module
106. 0000-10-11078 Barcode scanning instrument
Antifogging preheating system for reagent

107.
BA40-30-61987 tray
108. BA40-21-61643 Heater with cable for demisting
Temperature switch with cable for

109.
BA40-21-61645 demisting
B-4
P/N: 046-001388-00 (2.0)

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BS-200/BS-220 Chemistry Analyzer

Intellectual Property Statement

Mindray intends to maintain the contents of this manual as confidential information.

Release, amendment, reproduction, distribution, rent, adaption and translation of this

Responsibility on the Manufacturer Party

all installation operations, expansions, changes, modifications and repairs of

the product is used in accordance with the instructions for use.

This warranty shall not extend to:

any Mindray product which has been subjected to misuse, negligence or

any product of any other manufacturer.

Who Should Read This Manual

Conventions Used in This Manual

In this manual, the signal words BIOHAZARD, WARNING, CAUTION

When you see Then

CAUTION: Read the statement following the symbol. The

Intellectual Property Statement................................................................................................... i

Responsibility on the Manufacturer Party ................................................................................. i

Return Policy .............................................................................................................................. iii

2 System Installation ........................................................................................................... 2-1

3 System Description .......................................................................................................... 3-1

4 Functions of Boards ......................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1 Hardware System ................................................................................................ 4-1

5 Software Introduction....................................................................................................... 5-1

6 Maintenance and Service................................................................................................. 6-1

7 Maintenance and Test Software ...................................................................................... 7-1

7.1.1 Installation ............................................................................................ 7-1

Appendix A Diagrams.................................................................................................... A-1

Appendix B Spare Parts List ......................................................................................... B-1

1.1 General Features

1.2 Features of Loading System

immediately (within the same period) after dispensing of R2

1.3 Features of Photometric System

1.4 Operating Interface

2.1 Space and Accessibility Requirements

2.2 Power Requirements

2.3 Environmental Requirements

2.3.1 Installation Environment Requirements

The site should be free of dust as much as possible.

2.3.2 Temperature and Humidity Requirements

Storage temperature and humidity

Operating temperature and humidity

2.4 Installation Procedure

2.4.1 Preparation for Installation

2.4.2 Beforehand Check

2.4.3 Hardware Installation

Install the probe

4 Insert the probe into the probe arm.

9 Installing the arm cover.

Install the mixing bar

5 Tighten the nut by screwing clockwise with the other hand.

Install the sample/reagent disk

3 Put the handle back to horizontal position.

Connect the deionized water tank

1 Place the Power to OFF.

Connect the waste tank

Connect the PC to the Analyzing Unit

Serial Port on the

Serial Port on the PC

Connect power cable and grounding wire of the analyzer