A 5.29 FCAW Consumables PDF

SPECIFICATION FOR LOW-ALLOY STEEL
ELECTRODES FOR FLUX CORED ARC WELDING

SFA-5.29
(Identical with AWS Specification A5.29-98.)
1. Scope (g) A 514/A 514M, Specification for High-Yield

Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate,
This specification prescribes requirements for the
Suitable for Welding
classification of low-alloy steel electrodes for flux cored
(h) A 537/A 537M, Specification for Pressure Vessel
arc welding (FCAW). Metal cored low-alloy steel elec-
Plates, Heat Treated, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel
trodes are classified according to ANSI/AWS A5.28-
96, Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Filler Metals for (i) A 588/A 588M, Specification for High-Strength
Gas Shielded Arc Welding.1 Iron is the only element Low-Alloy Structural Steel with 50 ksi [345 MPa]
whose content exceeds 10.5 percent in weld metal Minimum Yield Point to 4 in. [100 mm] Thick
produced using electrodes classified by this document. (j) E 29, Practice for Using Significant Digits in
Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
(k) E 142, Standard Test Methods for Controlling
PART A GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Quality of Radiographic Testing
(l) E 350, Standard Test Methods for Chemical
2. Normative References Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Elec-
2.1 ASTM Standards.2 The following ASTM stan- trical Steel, Ingot Iron, and Wrought Iron
dards are referenced in the mandatory sections of this
2.2 AWS Standards. The following ANSI/AWS
document:
standards are referenced in the mandatory sections of
(a) A 36/A 36M, Specification for Carbon Struc-
this document:
tural Steel
(a) ANSI/AWS A5.01, Filler Metal Procurement
(b) A 203/A 203M, Specification for Pressure Vessel
Guidelines
Plates, Alloy Steel, Nickel
(b) ANSI/AWS A4.3, Standard Methods for Determi-
(c) A 204/A 204M, Specification for Pressure Vessel
nation of the Diffusible Hydrogen Content of Marten-
Plates, Alloy Steel, Molybdenum
sitic, Bainitic, and Ferritic Steel Weld Metal Produced
(d) A 285/A 285M, Specification for Pressure Vessel
by Arc Welding
Plates, Carbon Steel, Low- and Intermediate-Tensile
(c) ANSI/AWS B4.0, Standard Methods for Mechan-
Strength
ical Testing of Welds
(e) A 302/A 302M, Specification for Pressure Vessel
(d) ANSI/ASC Z49.1, Safety in Welding, Cutting,
Plates, Alloy Steel, Manganese-Molybdenum and Man-
and Allied Processes
ganese-Molybdenum-Nickel
(f) A 387/A 387M, Specification for Pressure Vessel 2.3 MIL Standards.3 The following MIL standard
Plates, Alloy Steel, Chromium Molybdenum is referenced in the mandatory sections of this document:
(a) MIL-S-16216, Specification for Steel Plate, Alloy,
1
AWS standards can be obtained from the American Welding Society, Structural, High Yield Strength (HY-80 and HY-100)
550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126.
2
ASTM standards can be obtained from the American Society for
3
Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, MIL standards are available from contracting activity or as directed
PA 19428. by contracting activity.
649
COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Licensed by Information Handling Services
SFA-5.29 2001 SECTION II
TABLE 1
TENSION TEST REQUIREMENTS
Yield Strength @ 0.2% % Elongation in
Tensile Strength Range Offset, Min. 2 in. (51 mm)
AWS Classificationa ksi MPa ksi MPa Min.

E6XTX-X, -XM 6080 410550 50 340 22
E7XTX-X, -XM 7090 480620 58 400 20
E8XTX-X, -XM 80100 550690 68 470 19
E9XTX-X, -XM 90110 620760 78 540 17
E10XTX-X, -XM 100120 690830 88 610 16
E10XTX-K9, -K9M (c) (c) 8297 560670 18
E11XTX-X, -XM 110130 760900 98 680 15
E12XTX-X, -XM 120140 830970 108 745 14
EXXTX-G(b)
EXXTG-X(b) Properties as agreed upon between supplier and purchaser
EXXTG-G(b)
NOTES:
(a) The Xs in actual classification designations will be replaced with appropriate designators for usability characteristics specified in Table
3 and for chemical composition as specified in Table 4.
(b) Placement of a G in this designation indicates those properties that have been agreed upon between the supplier and purchaser. Other
properties are dictated by the digit(s) or suffix replacing the X. Variations used in this specification include the following:
(1) EXXTX-G Alloy requirements are as agreed upon. The mechanical properties and slag system are as indicated by the digits used.
(2) EXXTG-X The slag system and shielding gas are as agreed upon. Mechanical properties and alloy requirements conform to those
indicated by the digits.
(3) EXXTG-G The slag system, shielding gas, and alloy requirements are as agreed upon. Mechanical properties conform to those indicated
by the digits.
(c) For this classification, E10XTX-K9, K9M, the 10 is an approximation of the tensile strength, not a requirement.
3. Classification Electrodes intended for use without external shielding

gas, or with the shielding gases specified in Table 3,
3.1 The electrodes covered by this specification are
are not prohibited from use with any other process or
classified according to the following:
shielding gas for which they are found suitable.
(a) the mechanical properties of the weld metal, as
specified in Tables 1 and 2;
(b) certain usability characteristics of the electrode,
as specified in Table 3; 4. Acceptance
(c) the positions of welding for which the electrodes Acceptance of the welding electrodes shall be in
are suitable, as specified in Table 3; and accordance with the provisions of ANSI/AWS A5.01,
(d) chemical composition of the weld metal, as speci- Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines.
fied in Table 4.
3.2 Electrodes classified under one classification shall

not be classified under any other classification in this 5. Certification
specification. However, gas shielded electrodes may be
classified with 100 percent CO2 shielding gas, 75 to By affixing the AWS Specification and Classification
80 percent argon/balance CO2 shielding gas or both. designations to the packaging, or the classification
The M designator means that the electrode has been designations to the product, the manufacturer certifies
classified with a 75 to 80 percent argon/balance CO2 that the product meets the requirements of this specifi-
shielding gas mixture. cation.4
3.3 The electrodes classified under this specification 4

See Section A4, Certification (in the Annex), for further information
are intended for FCAW either with or without an concerning certification and the testing called for to meet this
external shielding gas. requirement.
650

PART C SPECIFICATIONS FOR WELDING RODS,
ELECTRODES, AND FILLER METALS SFA-5.29
TABLE 2
IMPACT REQUIREMENTS
Classification Conditiona Min. Impact Strengthb
E8XT1-A1, -A1M PWHT Not Required
E7XT5-A1, -A1M PWHT 20 ft lbf @ 20F (27 J @ 29C)
E8XT1-B1, -B1M PWHT Not Required
E8XT1-B1L, -B1LM PWHT Not Required
E8XT1-B2H, B2HM PWHT Not Required
E8XT5-B6(c), -B6M PWHT Not Required
E8XT5-B6L(c), -B6LM PWHT Not Required
E8XT5-B8(c), -B8M PWHT Not Required
E8XT5-B8L(c), -B8LM PWHT Not Required
E9XT1-B3H, -B3HM PWHT Not Required
E6XT1-Ni1, -Ni1M AW 20 ft lbf @ 20F (27 J @ 29C)
E7XT6-Ni1 AW 20 ft lbf @ 20F (27 J @ 29C)
E8XT5-Ni1, -Ni1M PWHT 20 ft lbf @ 60F (27 J @ 51C)
E8XT5-Ni2(d), -Ni2M(d) PWHT 20 ft lbf @ 75F (27 J @ 60C)
E9XT1-D1, -D1M AW 20 ft lbf @ 40F (27 J @ 40C)
E9XT5-D2, -D2M PWHT 20 ft lbf @ 60F (27 J @ 51C)
E10XT5-D2, -D2M PWHT 20 ft lbf @ 40F (27 J @ 40C)
E9XT1-D3, -D3M AW 20 ft lbf @ 20F (27 J @ 29C)
E8XT5-K1, -K1M AW 20 ft lbf @ 40F (27 J @ 40C)
E7XT7-K2 AW 20 ft lbf @ 20F (27 J @ 29C)
E7XT4-K2 AW 20 ft lbf @ 0F (27 J @ 18C)
E7XT8-K2 AW 20 ft lbf @ 20F (27 J @ 29C)
E7XT11-K2 AW 20 ft lbf @ +32F (27 J @ 0C)
E12XT1-K5, -K5M AW Not Required
E6XT8-K6 AW 20 ft lbf @ 20F (27 J @ 29C)
E7XT8-K6 AW 20 ft lbf @ 20F (27 J @ 29C)
E9XT8-K8 AW 20 ft lbf @ 20F (27 J @ 29C)
E8XT1-W2, -W2M AW 20 ft lbf @ 20F (27 J @ 29C)
651

TABLE 2 (CONTD)
IMPACT REQUIREMENTS
Classification Conditiona Min. Impact Strengthb
EXXXTX-G
EXXXTG-G Not Specifiede Not Specifiede
EXXXTG-X
NOTES:
a. AW p As welded.
PWHT p Postweld heat treated in accordance with Table 8.
b. Electrodes with the optional supplemental impact designator J shall meet the 20 ft lbf (27 J) requirement at a test temperature of 20F
(11C) lower than the temperature shown above. For example, an E81T1-Ni1MJ would meet the 20 ft lbf (27 J) requirement at 40F
(40C).
c. These electrodes are presently also Classified E502TX-X or E505TX-X in AWS A5.22-95. With the next revision of A5.22, they will be
removed and exclusively listed in this specification.
d. PWHT temperatures in excess 1150F (620C) will decrease the impact value.
e. See Table 1, Note b.
6. Units of Measure and Rounding-Off The optional supplemental test for diffusible hydrogen
Procedure in Section 15 is not required for classification, but is
included for an optional electrode designation as agreed
6.1 U.S. Customary Units are the standard units of
to between the purchaser and supplier. Another optional
measure in this specification. The SI Units are given
supplemental designator (J) may be used to indicate
as equivalent values to the U.S. Customary Units. The
Charpy impact testing at lower than standard temper-
standard sizes and dimensions in the two systems are
ature.
not identical and, for this reason, conversion from a
standard size or dimension in one system will not
always coincide with a standard size or dimension in 8. Retest
the other. Suitable conversions, encompassing standard
If any test fails to meet the requirement, that test
sizes of both, can be made, however, if appropriate
shall be repeated twice. The results of both retests
tolerances are applied in each case.
shall meet the requirement. Specimens for the retest
6.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with may be taken from the original test assembly or from
this specification, an observed or calculated value shall a new test assembly. For chemical analysis, retest need
be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-hand be only for those specific elements that failed to meet
place of figures used in expressing the limiting value their test requirement. If the results of one or both
for quantities in the appropriate tables in accordance retests fail to meet the requirement, the material under
with the rounding-off method given in ASTM E 29, test shall be considered as not meeting the requirements
Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test of this specification for that classification.
Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications. In the event that, during preparation or after comple-
tion of any test, it is clearly determined that prescribed
or proper procedures were not followed in preparing
the weld test assembly or test specimen(s), or in conduct-
PART B TESTS, PROCEDURES, AND ing the tests, the test shall be considered invalid, without
REQUIREMENTS regard to whether the test was actually completed, or
whether test results met, or failed to meet, the require-
7. Summary of Tests
ment. That test shall be repeated, following proper
The tests required for each classification are specified prescribed procedures. In this case, the requirement for
in Table 5. The purpose of these tests is to determine doubling the number of test specimens does not apply.
the mechanical properties, soundness, the chemical com-
position of the weld metal, and usability of the electrode.
9. Weld Test Assemblies
The base metal for the weld test assemblies, the welding
and testing procedures to be employed, and the results 9.1 Two or three weld test assemblies are required,
required are given in Sections 9 through 14. depending on the classification of the electrode and
652

TABLE 3
POSITION OF WELDING, SHIELDING, POLARITY, AND APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS
AWS
Classificationa Positionb, c of Welding External Shieldingd Polaritye Applicationf
EX0T1-X H, F CO2 DCEP M
EX0T1-XM H, F 7580%Ar/bal CO2 DCEP M
EX1T1-X H, F, VU, OH CO2 DCEP M
EX1T1-XM H, F, VU, OH 7580%Ar/bal CO2 DCEP M
EX0T4-X H, F None DCEP M
EX0T5-X H, F CO2 DCEP M
EX0T5-XM H, F 7580%Ar/bal CO2 DCEP M
EX1T5-X H, F, VU, OH CO2 DCEP or DCENg M
EX1T5-XM H, F, VU, OH 7580%Ar/bal CO2 DCEP or DCENg M
EX0T6-X H, F None DCEP M
EX0T7-X H, F None DCEN M
EX1T7-X H, F, VU, OH None DCEN M
EX1T8-X H, F, VU, or VD, OHi None DCEN M
EXXT1-K9 VU, H, F, OH CO2 DCEP M
EXXT1-K9M VU, H, F, OH 7580%Ar/bal CO2 DCEP M
EX1T11-X H, F, VD, OH None DCEN M
EX0TG-X H, F Not Specifiedh
EX1TG-X H, F, VU or VD, OH Not Specifiedh
NOTES:
a. The X indicates the tensile strength and chemical composition.
b. H p Horizontal position
F p Flat position
OH p Overhead position
VU p Vertical position with upward progression
VD p Vertical position with downward progression
c. Electrode sizes suitable for welding in all positions usually are those sizes that are smaller than the 332 in. (2.4 mm) or nearest size called
for in 9.4.1 for the groove weld. For that reason, electrodes meeting the requirements for the groove weld tests and fillet weld tests may be
classified as EX1TX-X or EX1TX-XM (where X represents the tensile strength and usability designator) regardless of their size. See Section
A7 and Figure A1 in the Annex for more information.
d. Properties of weld metal from electrodes that are used with external gas shielding (EXXT1-X, EXXT1-XM, EXXT5-X, and EXXT5-XM)
vary according to the shielding gas employed. Electrodes classified with the specified shielding gas should not be used with other shielding
gases without first consulting the manufacturer of the electrode.
e. The term DCEP refers to direct current electrode positive (dc, reverse polarity). The term DCEN refers to direct current electrode negative
(dc, straight polarity).
f. M p single and multipass.
g. Some EX1T5-X and EX1T5-XM electrodes may be recommended for use on DCEN for improved out-of-position welding. Consult the
manufacturer for the recommended polarity.
h. See Table 1, footnote (b).
i. Per manufacturers recommendations.
the manner in which the tests are conducted. They are thereby avoiding the need to make the weld pad. In
as follows: case of dispute, the weld pad shall be the referee
(a) the weld pad shown in Fig. 1 for chemical method.
analysis of the undiluted weld metal,
(b) the groove weld shown in Fig. 2 for mechanical
properties and soundness of the weld metal, and 9.2 Preparation of each weld test assembly shall be
(c) the fillet weld shown in Fig. 3, for usability of as prescribed in 9.3, 9.4, and 9.5. The base metal for
the electrode. each assembly shall be as required in Table 6 and
The sample for chemical analysis may be taken from shall meet the requirements of any of the ASTM
the reduced section of the fractured tension test specimen specifications shown there, or an equivalent specifica-
or from a corresponding location (or any location above tion. Testing of the assemblies shall be as prescribed
it) in the weld metal in the groove weld in Fig. 2, in Sections 10 through 14.
653

SFA-5.29
TABLE 4
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS FOR UNDILUTED WELD METAL
Weight-Percenta
UNS
AWS Classification Numberb C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo V Alc Cu
Carbon-Molybdenum Steel Electrodes
E7XT5-A1, -A1M W17035
0.12 1.25 0.03 0.03 0.80 0.400.65
E8XT1-A1, -A1M W17031

Chromium-Molybdenum Electrodes
E8XT1-B1, -B1M W51031 0.050.12 1.25 0.03 0.03 0.80 0.400.65 0.400.65
E8XT1-B1L, -B1LM W51131 0.05 1.25 0.03 0.03 0.80 0.400.65 0.400.65

E8XT1-B2, -B2M W52031
0.050.12 1.25 0.03 0.03 0.80 1.001.50 0.400.65
E8XT5-B2, -B2M W52035
E8XT1-B2L, -B2LM W52131
0.05 1.25 0.03 0.03 0.80 1.001.50 0.400.65
E8XT5-B2L, -B2LM W52135
E8XT1-B2H, -B2HM W52231 0.100.15 1.25 0.03 0.03 0.08 1.001.50 0.400.65
654
E9XT1-B3, -B3M W53031
E9XT5-B3, -B3M W53035 0.050.12 1.25 0.03 0.03 0.80 2.002.50 0.901.20
2001 SECTION II
E10XT1-B3, -B3M W53031
E9XT1-B3L, -B3LM W53131 0.05 1.25 0.03 0.03 0.80 2.002.50 0.901.20
E9XT1-B3H, -B3HM W53231 0.100.15 1.25 0.03 0.03 0.80 2.002.50 0.901.20
E8XT5-B6d, -B6M W50231 0.050.12 1.25 0.04 0.03 1.0 0.40 4.06.0 0.450.65 0.50
E8XT5-B6L, -B6LM W50230 0.05 1.25 0.04 0.03 1.0 0.40 4.06.0 0.450.65 0.50
E8XT5-B8d, -B8M W50431 0.050.12 1.25 0.04 0.03 1.0 0.40 8.010.5 0.851.20 0.50
E8XT5-B8L, -B8LM W50430 0.05 1.25 0.03 0.03 1.0 0.40 8.010.5 0.851.20 0.50
Nickel-Steel Electrodes
E7XT8-Ni1 W21038
0.12 1.50 0.03 0.03 0.80 0.801.10 0.15 0.35 0.05 1.8
E7XT6-Ni1 W21036
E6XT1-Ni1, -Ni1M W21031
E8XT1-Ni1, -Ni1M W21031 0.12 1.50 0.03 0.03 0.80 0.801.10 0.15 0.35 0.05
E8XT5-Ni1, -Ni1M W21035
(Continued)
TABLE 4 (CONTD)
Weight-Percenta
UNS
Nickel-Steel Electrodes (Contd)
EX8T1-Ni2, -Ni2M W22031
E8XT5-Ni2, -Ni2M W22035 0.12 1.50 0.03 0.03 0.80 1.752.75
E9XT1-Ni2, Ni2M W22031

E7XT8-Ni2 W22038
0.12 1.50 0.03 0.03 0.80 1.752.75 1.8
E8XT8-Ni2 W22038
E8XT5-Ni3, -Ni3M W23035 0.12 1.50 0.03 0.03 0.80 2.753.75

E9XT5-Ni3, -Ni3M W23035 0.12 1.50 0.03 0.03 0.80 2.753.75
E8XT11-Ni3 W23039 0.12 1.50 0.03 0.03 0.80 2.753.75 1.8
Manganese-Molybdenum Steel Electrodes

E9XT1-D1, -D1M W19131 0.12 1.252.00 0.03 0.03 0.80 0.250.55
E9XT5-D2, -D2M W19235

0.15 1.65-2.25 0.03 0.03 0.80 0.250.55
655
E10XT5-D2, -D2M W19235
E9XT1-D3, -D3M W19331 0.12 1.001.75 0.03 0.03 0.80 0.400.65

All Other Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes
E8XT5-K1, -K1M W21135 0.15 0.801.40 0.03 0.03 0.80 0.801.10 0.15 0.200.65 0.05
E7XT4-K2 W21234
E7XT7-K2, W21237
ELECTRODES, AND FILLER METALS
0.15 0.501.75 0.03 0.03 0.80 1.002.00 0.15 0.35 0.05 1.8
E7XT8-K2 W21238
E7XT11-K2 W21239
E8XT1-K2, -K2M W21231

E9XT1-K2, -K2M W21231
0.15 0.501.75 0.03 0.03 0.80 1.002.00 0.15 0.35 0.05
E8XT5-K2, -K2M W21235
E9XT5-K2, -K2M W21235
E10XT1-K3, -K3M W21331
E11TX1-K3, -K3M W21331
0.15 0.752.25 0.03 0.03 0.80 1.252.60 0.15 0.250.65 0.05
E10XT5-K3, -K3M W21335
E11XT5-K3, -K3M W21335
(Continued)
SFA-5.29
SFA-5.29
TABLE 4 (CONTD)
Weight-Percenta
UNS

All Other Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes (Contd)
E11XT1-K4, -K4M W22231
E11XT5-K4, -K4M W22235 0.15 1.202.25 0.03 0.03 0.80 1.752.60 0.200.60 0.200.65 0.03

E12XT5-K4, -K4M W22235
E12XT1-K5, K5M W21631 0.100.25 0.601.60 0.03 0.03 0.80 0.752.00 0.200.70 0.150.55 0.05
E6XT8-K6 W21048
0.15 0.501.50 0.03 0.03 0.80 0.401.00 0.20 0.15 0.05 1.8
E7XT8-K6 W21048
656
E7XT5-K6, -K6M W21045 0.15 0.501.50 0.03 0.03 0.80 0.401.00 0.20 0.15 0.05
E10XT1-K7, -K7M W22051 0.15 1.001.75 0.03 0.03 0.80 2.002.75
E9XT8-K8 W21438 0.15 1.002.00 0.03 0.03 0.40 0.501.50 0.20 0.20 0.05 1.8
2001 SECTION II
E10XT1-K9, -K9M W23230 0.07 0.501.50 0.015 0.015 0.60 1.303.75 0.20 0.50 0.05 0.06
E8XT1-W2, -W2M W20131 0.12 0.501.30 0.03 0.03 0.350.80 0.400.80 0.450.70 0.300.75
EXXTX-G 1.75e 0.03 0.03 0.80e 0.50e 0.30e 0.20e 0.10e 1.8e
NOTES:
a. Single values are maximum unless otherwise noted.
b. SAE/ASTM Unified Numbering System for Metals and Alloys.
c. For self-shielded electrodes only.
d. Classification also appears in AWS A5.22-95, Specification for Stainless Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding and Stainless Steel Flux Cored Rods for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding.
These classifications will be deleted from the first revision of A5.22 following publication of this specification.
e. In order to meet the alloy requirements of the G group, the undiluted weld metal shall have the minimum of at least one of the elements listed in this table. Shielding gas, slag system,
and mechanical properties are dictated by the digit(s) replacing X(s).
TABLE 5
REQUIRED TESTS
Chemical Radiographic Tension Test Impact Fillet Weld Diffusible
AWS Classificationa, b Analysis Test (Flat Position) Test Test Hydrogen
EX0TX-X Required Required Required c Required Optionalb
EX1TX-X Required Required Required c Required Optionalb
E10XTX-K9, -K9M Required Requiredf Requiredf c, f Required Required
EXXTG-X
EXXTX-G Required Required Requiredd c Required Optionalb
EXXTG-G
NOTES:
a. The 0 and 1 before T refer to the position of welding for which the electrode is suitable. See A2.2.
0 p Horizontal and flat position.
1 p All positions (smaller than 332 in. [2.4 mm] diameter); i.e., flat, horizontal, overhead, and vertical. See Table 3.
b. Electrodes with supplemental toughness requirements, diffusible hydrogen requirements, or both, may be further identified as shown in Tables
2 and 10 and Figure A1.
c. The Charpy V-notch impact test is required when the classification in accordance with Table 2 indicates impact requirements.
d. Minimum all-weld-metal tensile strength shall match that indicated by the designator being employed.
e. As agreed upon between supplier and purchaser.
f. Vertical position with upward progression.
GENERAL NOTES:
1. Base metal of any convenient size, of the type specified in Table 6, shall be used as the base for the weld pad.
2. The surface of the base metal on which the filler metal is to be deposited shall be clean.
3. The pad shall be welded in the flat position with successive layers to obtain undiluted weld metal, using shielding gas and current/
polarity as specified in Table 3.
4. The number and size of the beads will vary according to the size of the electrode and the width of the weave, as well as with the
amperage employed. The weave should be limited to 6 times the electrode diameter.
5. The preheat temperature shall not be less than 60F (16C) and the interpass temperature shall not exceed 325F (163C).
6. The test assembly may not be quenched in water (temperature unimportant) between passes to control interpass temperature.
7. The minimum completed pad size shall be that shown above. The sample to be tested in Section 10 shall be taken from weld metal
that is at least 38 in. (9.5 mm) above the original base metal surface.
FIG. 1 PAD FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF UNDILUTED WELD METAL
657

GENERAL NOTES:
1. Prior to welding, the assembly may be preset as shown so that the welded joint will be sufficiently flat to facilitate test specimen
removal. As an alternative, restraint or a combination of restraint and preset may be used.
2. When required, edges of the grooves and the contacting face of the backing shall be buttered as shown. Any size of the electrode being
tested may be used for buttering.
3. All dimensions except angles are in inches.
FIG. 2 GROOVE WELD TEST ASSEMBLY FOR MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND SOUNDNESS OF WELD
METAL
658

GENERAL NOTES:
1. The surfaces to be welded shall be clean.
2. One assembly shall be welded for each position specified in Table 3, using the required shielding gas and polarity to the classification
specified.
3. The preheat shall be 60F (16C) minimum.
4. A single-pass fillet weld shall be made on one side of the joint.
5. Welding in the vertical position shall be as described in Table 3.
6. Weld cleaning shall be limited to slag chipping, brushing, and needle scaling. Grinding or filing of the weld surface is prohibited.
7. The tests shall be conducted without postweld heat treatment.
8. All dimensions are in inches.
9. If the web and flange thicknesses are less than or equal to 14 in. (6.4 mm), the web and flange widths shall be 2 in. (51 mm) min.
FIG. 3 FILLET WELD TEST ASSEMBLY
659

TABLE 6
BASE-METAL REQUIREMENTSa
Base Metal
Weld Metal
Designation ASTM and Military Standardsa UNS Numberb
A1 A 204, Grade A, B, or C (A) K11820
(B) K12020
(C) K12320
B1, B2, B2L, B2H A 387, Grade 11 K11789

B3, B3L, B3H A 387, Grade 22 K21590
B6, B6L A 387, Grade 5 S50200
B8, B8L A 387, Grade 9 S50400
Ni1 A 537, Class 1 or 2 K12437
Ni2, Ni3 A 203, Grade E K32018
HY80 or HY100 steel in accordance with K31820 or K32045
MIL-S-16216
D1, D2, D3 A 302, Grade A or B K12021, K12022
W2 A 588, Grade A, B, or C (A) K11430
(B) K12043
(C) K11538
K1, K3, K4, K5, K7, A 514, any grade (A) K11856
K9c
HY80 or HY100 steel in accordance with K31820 or K32045
MIL-S-16216
K6, K2, K8 A 537, Class 1 or 2 K12437

NOTES:
a. ASTM A 35 or A 285 base metals may be used; however, the joint surfaces shall be buttered (see Figure 2) using any electrode of the same
composition as the classification being tested. Buttering is not necessary for EXXT4-X, EXXT6-X, EXXT7-X, EXXT8-X, and EXXT11-X
electrodes with 70 ksi tensile strength or lower classification. Buttering is also not required for the fillet weld test.
b. SAE/ASTM Unified Numbering System for Metals and Alloys.
c. Buttering not allowed for K9 weld metal designation.
9.3 Weld Pad. A weld pad shall be prepared as the completed pad shall be as shown in Fig. 1. Testing
shown in Fig. 1 except when, as permitted in 9.1, the of this assembly shall be as specified in Section 10.
sample for analysis is taken from the groove weld or
9.4 Groove Weld
the fractured tension test specimen. Base metal of
any convenient size which will satisfy the minimum 9.4.1 A test assembly using base metal as specified
requirements of Fig. 1 and is of a type specified in in Table 6 shall be prepared and welded as shown in
Table 6, shall be used as the base for the weld pad. Fig. 2. When ASTM A 36 or A 285 base metals are
The surface of the base metal on which the filler metal used, the groove faces and the contact face of the
is deposited shall be clean. The pad shall be welded backing shall be buttered using an electrode of the
in the flat position with multiple layers to obtain same composition as the classification being tested
undiluted weld metal (12 in. [13 mm] minimum except as noted in Table 6, Note a. If a buttering
thickness). procedure is used, the layer shall be approximately 18
The electrode size shall be 332 in. (2.4 mm) or the in. (3.2 mm) thick (see Fig. 2, Note 2).
size the manufacturer produces closest to 332 in. (2.4 The electrode size shall be 332 in. (2.4 mm) diameter,
mm). The preheat temperature shall not be less than or the size the manufacturer produces that is closest
60F (16C), and the interpass temperature shall not to 332 in. (2.4 mm) diameter, and the welding conditions
exceed 325F (163C). The slag shall be removed after shall be those listed in Tables 3 and 7 for the classifica-
each pass. The pad may be quenched in water between tion being tested. Welding shall be in the flat position
passes (temperature unimportant). The dimensions of and the assembly shall be restrained (or preset) during
660

TABLE 7
REQUIREMENTS FOR PASS AND LAYER CONTROL FOR MULTIPLE PASS ELECTRODE CLASSIFICATIONSa
Electrode Size Required Suggested Passes Per Layer Suggested
AWS Total Number of
Classification in. mm Passes Layer #1 Layer #2 Top Layers
0.030 0.8
0.035 0.9 1219 1 or 2 2 or 3b 69
0.045 1.1
0.052 1.3
EXXT1-X, -XMd 1
16 1.6 1017 1 or 2 2 or 3b 58
EXXT5-X, -XM 5
64 2.0
3
32 2.4
7
64 2.8 714 1 or 2 2 or 3b 47
1
8 3.2
EXXT4-X All Sizesc 711 1 or 2 2 or 3b 46
EXXT6-X
All Sizesc 714 1 or 2 2 or 3b 48
EXXT7-X

EXXTG-X
EXXTX-G Not Specified, To be Recorded
EXXTG-G
NOTES:
a. Actual number of passes, electrode diameter, wire feed speed or amperes, arc voltage, travel speed, and electrode extension (electrical
extension) shall be recorded and made available to the user on request. See A6.2 in the annex.
b. The final layer may be 4 passes.
c. The electrode size shall be 332 in. (2.4 mm) or the size that the manufacturer produces that is closer to 332 in. (2.4 mm).
d. For class E10XT1-K9, -K9M, both the pass and layer sequence are controlled by the required heat input rate of 5055 kJ/inch.
welding to prevent warpage in excess of 5 degrees. and the assembly has cooled, the assembly shall be
An assembly that is warped more than 5 degrees from prepared and tested as specified in Sections 11
plane shall be discarded. It shall not be straightened. through 13.
The test assembly shall be tack welded and shall be
heated to the preheat temperature prescribed in Table 9.5 Fillet Weld. A test assembly shall be prepared
8 for the electrode classification being tested before and welded as required in Table 5 and specified in
welding begins. Welding shall continue until the assem- Fig. 3, using base metal of the appropriate type specified
bly has reached the prescribed interpass temperature in Table 6 for each EX0TX-X classification that requires
range in Table 8, measured by temperature indicating a test assembly welded in the horizontal position. Each
crayons or surface thermometers at the location shown EX1TX-X classification requires two test assemblies,
in Fig. 2. This interpass temperature shall be maintained one welded in the vertical position and one welded in
for the remainder of the weld. Should it be necessary the overhead position. The progression for vertical
to interrupt welding, the assembly shall be allowed to welding may be either upward or downward, depending
cool in still air at room temperature. on the classification (see Table 3).
The assembly shall be heated to a temperature Before assembly, the standing member (web) shall
within the prescribed preheat and interpass temperature have one edge prepared throughout its length, and the
range in Table 8 before welding is resumed. Test base member (flange) side shall be straight, smooth,
assemblies made with electrodes shown in the PWHT and clean. The test plates shall be assembled as shown
condition in Table 2 shall be postweld heat treated as in Fig. 3. When assembled, the faying surfaces shall
specified in Table 8. When welding has been completed be in intimate contact along the entire length of the
661

TABLE 8
PREHEAT, INTERPASS AND PWHT TEMPERATURES
Preheat and Interpass
Temperatureb PWHT Temperatureb
AWS Classificationa F C F C
E7XT5-A1, -A1M
E8XT1-A1, -A1M
E8XT5-Ni1, -Ni1M
E8XT5-Ni2c, -Ni2M
E8XT5-Ni3c, -Ni3M 300 25 150 15 1150 25 620 15
E9XT5-Ni3c, -Ni3M
E9XT5-D2, -D2M
E10XT5-D2, -D2M
E8XT5-B6, -B6M
E8XT5-B6L, -B6LM
E8XT5-B8, -B8M 400 100 200 50 1375 25d 745 15
E8XT5-B8L, -B8LM
E8XT1-B1L, -B1LM
E8XT1-B1, -B1M
E8XT1-B2L, -B2LM
E8XT1-B2, -B2M
E8XT5-B2, -B2M
E8XT1-B2H, -B2HM
E8XT5-B2L, -B2LM 350 25 176 15 1275 25 690 15
E9XT1-B3, -B3M
E9XT5-B3, -B3M
E10XT1-B3, -B3M
E9XT1-B3H, -B3HM
E9XT1-B3L, -B3LM
(Table 8 continued on next page)
joint. The test assembly shall be secured with tack prepared in accordance with 9.3, from the reduced
welds deposited at each end of the weld joint. section of the fractured tension test specimen, or from
The welding procedure and the size of the electrode a corresponding location (or any location above it) in
to be tested shall be as selected by the manufacturer. the weld metal in the groove weld in Fig. 2. In case
The fillet weld shall be a single-pass weld deposited of dispute, the weld pad is the referee method.
in either the semi-automatic or mechanized mode as
selected by the manufacturer. The fillet weld size shall 10.2 The top surface of the pad described in 9.3
not be greater than 38 in. (9.5 mm). The fillet weld and shown in Fig. 1, shall be removed and discarded,
shall be deposited only on one side of the joint as and a sample for analysis obtained from the underlying
shown in Fig. 3. Weld cleaning shall be limited to metal no closer than 38 in. (9.5 mm) to the surface
chipping, brushing, and needle scaling. Grinding, filing, of the base metal in Fig. 1 by any appropriate mechanical
or other metal cutting of the fillet weld face is prohibited. means. The sample shall be free of slag. When the
The testing of the assembly shall be as specified in sample is taken from the groove weld or the reduced
Section 14, Fillet Weld Test. section of the fractured tension test specimen, that
material shall be prepared for analysis by any suitable
mechanical means.
10. Chemical Analysis
10.1 A sample for chemical analysis of the weld 10.3 The sample shall be analyzed by accepted
metal shall be obtained for all electrodes in this specifi- analytical methods. The referee method shall be ASTM
cation. The samples may be taken from the weld pad E 350, Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis
662

TABLE 8 (CONTD)
PREHEAT, INTERPASS AND PWHT TEMPERATURES
Preheat and Interpass
Temperatureb PWHT Temperatureb
AWS Classificationa F C F C
E6XT1-Ni1, -Ni1M
E7XT6-Ni1
E7XT8-Ni1
E8XT1-Ni1, -Ni1M
E7XT8-Ni2
E8XT1-Ni2, -Ni2M
E8XT8-Ni2
E8XT11-Ni3
E9XT1-Ni2, -Ni2M
E9XT1-D1, -D1M
E9XT1-D3, -D3M
E8XT5-K1, -K1M
E7XT4-K2
E7XT7-K2
E7XT8-K2
E7XT11-K2
E8XT1-K2, -K2M
E8XT5-K2, -K2M 300 25 150 15 None None
E9XT1-K2, -K2M
E9XT5-K2, -K2M
E10XT1-K3, -K3M
E10XT5-K3, -K3M
E11XT1-K3, -K3M
E11XT5-K3, -K3M
E11XT1-K4, -K4M
E11XT5-K4, -K4M
E12XT1-K4, -K4M
E12XT1-K5, -K5M
E6XT8-K6
E7XT8-K6
E7XT5-K6, -K6M
E9XT8-K8
E10XT1-K7, -K7M
EXXT1-K9, -K9M
E8XT1-W2, -W2M
EXXTX-G
EXXTG-X Not Specifiede
EXXTG-G
NOTES:
a. In this table X before the letter T may be a 0 or 1 to indicate the primary welding position for which
the electrode is designed (usability). See footnote b to Table 3 and section A2.
b. These temperatures are specified for testing under this specification and are not to be considered as
recommendation for preheat and postweld heat treatment (PWHT) in production welding. The requirements
for production welding must be determined by the user.
The schedule for PWHT for classification testing is as follows:
Raise to required temperature at a rate not exceeding 500F (280C) per hour, hold at required temperature
for 1 hour, furnace cool to 600F (315C) at a rate not exceeding 350F (195C) per hour, air cool.
c. PWHT temperatures in excess of 1150F (620C) will decreases the impact value.
d. Held at specified temperature for two hours. Furnace cool at a rate not exceeding 100F (55C) per hour
to 1100F (595C). Remove from furnace and air cool. These compositions are air hardening.
e. See Table 1, Note b.
663

of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical (12.5 mm) and a nominal gage length-to-diameter ratio
Steel, Ingot Iron, and Wrought Iron. of 4:1.
10.4 The results of the analysis shall meet the 12.2 For classifications shown in the as-welded condi-
requirements of Table 4 for the classification of electrode tion in Table 2, the specimen, after machining, but
under test. before testing, may be aged at 200 to 220F (90 to
104C) for up to 48 hours, then allowed to cool to
room temperature. Refer to A8.3 for a discussion on
11. Radiographic Test the purpose of aging.
11.1 The groove weld described in 9.4.1 and shown
12.3 After cooling, the specimen shall be tested in
in Fig. 2 shall be radiographed to evaluate the soundness
the manner described in the tension test section of
of the weld metal. In preparation for radiography, the
ANSI/AWS B4.0, Standard Methods for Mechanical
backing shall be removed and both surfaces of the
Testing of Welds.
weld shall be machined or ground smooth and flush
with the original surfaces of the base metal. Both 12.4 The results of the all-weld-metal tension test
surfaces of the test assembly, in the area of the weld, shall meet the requirements specified in Table 1.
shall be smooth enough to avoid difficulty in interpreting
the radiograph.
11.2 The weld shall be radiographed in accordance 13. Impact Test
with ASTM E 142, Standard Test Methods for Control- 13.1 For those classifications for which impact testing
ling Quality of Radiographic Testing. The quality level is specified in Table 2, five Charpy V-notch impact
of inspection shall be 2-2T. specimens, as specified in the Fracture Toughness Test-
ing of Welds section of ANSI/AWS B4.0, shall be
11.3 The soundness of the weld metal meets the
machined from the test assembly shown in Fig. 2.
requirements of this specification if the radiograph
The Charpy V-notch specimens shall have the notched
shows no cracks, no incomplete fusion, and no rounded
surface and the surface to be struck parallel within
indications in excess of the largest size or numbers
0.002 in. (0.005 mm). The other two surfaces shall be
permitted by the radiographic standards in Fig. 4. One
square with the notched or struck surface within 10
inch (25 mm) of the weld measured from each end
minutes of a degree. The notch shall be smoothly cut
of the assembly shall be excluded from the radiographic
by mechanical means and shall be square with the
evaluation.
longitudinal edge of the specimen within one degree.
11.3.1 A rounded indication is an indication (on The geometry of the notch shall be measured on at
the radiograph) whose length is no more than three least one specimen in a set of five specimens. Measure-
times its width. Rounded indications may be circular, ment shall be done at a minimum 50 times magnification
elliptical, conical, or irregular in shape, and they may on either a shadowgraph or metallograph. The correct
have tails. The size of a rounded indication is the location of the notch shall be verified by etching before
largest dimension of the indication, including any tail or after machining.
that may be present. The indication may be porosity
or slag. Indications where the largest dimension does 13.2 The five specimens shall be tested in accordance
not exceed 164 in. (0.4 mm) shall be disregarded. with the impact test section of ANSI/AWS B4.0. The
Test assemblies with indications larger than the largest test temperature shall be that specified in Table 2, for
indications permitted in the radiographic standards (Fig. the classification under test. For those electrodes to be
4) do not meet the requirements of this specification. identified by the optional supplemental impact designa-
tor, J, the test temperature shall be as specified in
Note b of Table 2.
12. Tension Test
13.3 In evaluating the test results, the lowest and
12.1 One all-weld-metal round tensile specimen, as the highest values obtained shall be disregarded. Two
specified in the Tension Tests section of ANSI/AWS of the remaining three values shall equal or exceed
B4.0, Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of the specified 20 ftlbf (27 J) energy level. One of the
Welds, shall be machined from the groove weld de- three may be lower, but not lower than 15 ftlbf (20
scribed in 9.4 and shown in Fig. 2A. The tensile J), and the average of the three shall be not less than
specimen shall have a nominal diameter of 0.500 in. the required 20 ftlbf (27 J) energy level.
664

GENERAL NOTES:
1. In using these standards, the chart which is most representative of the size of the rounded indications present in the test specimen
radiograph shall be used for determining conformance to these radiographic standards.
2. Since these are test welds specifically made in the laboratory for classification purposes, the radiographic requirements for these test
welds are more rigid than those which may be required for general fabrication.
3. Indications where the largest dimension does not exceed 164 in. (0.4 mm) diameter and/or length shall be disregarded.
FIG. 4 RADIOGRAPHIC STANDARDS FOR TEST ASSEMBLY IN FIG. 2
665

GENERAL NOTES:
1. Fillet weld size is the leg lengths of the largest isosceles right triangle which can be inscribed within the fillet weld cross-section.
2. Convexity is the maximum distance from the face of a convex fillet weld perpendicular to a line joining the weld toes.
3. Fillet weld leg is the distance from the joint root to the toe of the fillet weld.
FIG. 5 DIMENSIONS OF FILLET WELDS
14. Fillet Weld Test (b) The position of the web on the flange may be
changed, as shown in Fig. 6B.
14.1 The required fillet welds shall be made in
(c) The face of the fillet may be notched, as shown
accordance with 9.5 and Fig. 3, and shall be examined
in Fig. 6C.
visually over the entire face of each weld. There shall
Tests in which the weld metal pulls out of the base
be no indication of cracks, and the weld shall be
metal during bending are invalid tests. Specimens in
reasonably free of undercut, overlap, trapped slag, and
which this occurs shall be replaced, specimen for
surface porosity. After the visual examination, a speci-
specimen, and the test completed. In this case, the
men containing approximately 1 in. (25 mm) of the
doubling of specimens required for retest in Section
length of the weld shall be removed as shown in Fig.
8, Retest, does not apply.
3. One cross-sectional surface of the specimen shall
be polished and etched, and then examined as required 14.4 The fractured surfaces shall be examined visu-
in 14.2 ally. They shall be free of cracks and shall be reasonably
free of porosity and trapped slag. Incomplete fusion
14.2 Scribe lines shall be placed on the prepared
at the root of the weld shall not exceed 20 percent of
surface, as shown in Fig. 5, and the fillet weld size,
the total length of the weld. Slag beyond the vertex
fillet weld legs, and convexity of the weld shall be
of the isosceles triangle with the hypotenuse as the
determined to the nearest 164 in. (0.4 mm) by actual
base, as shown in Fig. 5, shall not be considered
measurement. These measurements shall meet the re-
incomplete fusion.
quirements specified in Table 9.
14.3 The remaining two sections of the test assembly
15. Diffusible Hydrogen Test
shall be broken longitudinally through the fillet weld
by a force exerted as shown in Fig. 3. When necessary, 15.1 The smallest and largest size of an electrode
to facilitate fracture through the fillet, one or more of to be identified by an optional supplemental diffusible
the following procedures may be used: hydrogen designator shall be tested according to one
(a) A reinforcing bead, as shown in Fig. 6A, may of the methods given in ANSI/AWS A4.3, Standard
be added to each leg of the weld. Methods for Determination of the Diffusible Hydrogen
666

TABLE 9
DIMENSIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FILLET WELD USABILITY TEST SPECIMENS
Maximum Difference
Between
Measured Fillet Weld Size Maximum Convexitya Fillet Weld Legs
in. mm in. mm in. mm

1 5 1
8 3.2 64 2.0 32 0.8
9 5 3
64 3.6 64 2.0 64 1.2
5 5 3
32 4.0 64 2.0 64 1.2
11 5 1
64 4.4 64 2.0 16 1.6
3 5 1
16 4.8 64 2.0 16 1.6
13 5 5
64 5.2 64 2.0 64 2.0
7 5 5
32 5.6 64 2.0 64 2.0
15 5 3
64 6.0 64 2.0 32 2.4
1 5 3
4 6.4 64 2.0 32 2.4
17 3 7
64 6.7 32 2.4 64 2.8
9 3 7
32 7.1 32 2.4 64 2.8
19 3 1
64 7.5 32 2.4 8 3.2
5 3 1
16 8.0 32 2.4 8 3.2
21 3 9
64 8.3 32 2.4 64 3.6
11 3 9
32 8.7 32 2.4 64 3.6
23 3 5
64 9.1 32 2.4 32 4.0
3 3 5
8 9.5 32 2.4 32 4.0
NOTE:
a. Maximum convexity for fillet welds made using EXXT5-X and EXXT5-XM electrodes may be 132 in. (0.8 mm) larger than the listed
requirements.
FIG. 6 ALTERNATE METHODS FOR FACILITATING FILLET WELD FRACTURE
667

TABLE 10
DIFFUSIBLE HYDROGEN LIMITS FOR WELD METALa
Average Diffusible
Optimal Supplemental Hydrogen Contentd
Diffusible Hydrogen mL (H2)/100 g
AWS Classification Designatorb, c, e Deposited Metal
All except EXXT1-K9, -K9M H16 16.0 max
EXXT1-K9, -K9M None 8.0 max
NOTES:
a. Limits on diffusible hydrogen when tested in accordance with ANSI/AWS A4.3, Standard Methods for
Determination of the Diffusible Hydrogen Content of Martensitic, Bainitic, and Ferritic Steel Weld Metal
Produced by Arc Welding, as specified in Section 15.
b. See Annex Figure A1.
c. The lower diffusible hydrogen levels (H8 and H4) may not be available in some classifications (see Annex
A8.2.8).
d. These hydrogen limits are based on welding in air containing a minimum of 10 grains of water per pound
(1.43 g/kg) of dry air. Testing at any higher atmospheric moisture level is acceptable provided these
limits are satisfied (see 15.3).
e. Electrodes which satisfy the diffusible hydrogen limits for the H4 category also satisfy the limits for the
H8 and H16 categories. Electrodes which satisfy the diffusible hydrogen limits for the H8 category also
satisfy the limits for the H16 category.
Content of Martensitic, Bainitic, and Ferritic Steel Weld for all higher hydrogen designators in Table 10 without
Metal Produced by Arc Welding. Based upon the average the need for retest.
value of test results which satisfy the requirements of
Table 10, the appropriate diffusible hydrogen designator
may be added at the end of the classification.
PART C MANUFACTURE,
15.2 Testing shall be done with electrode in the as- IDENTIFICATION, AND PACKAGING
received condition. Conditioning of the electrode prior 16. Method of Manufacture
to testing is not permitted. The use of electrical electrode
extensions in excess of those which would be used in The electrodes classified according to this specifica-
the routine application of the electrode is not permitted. tion may be manufactured by any method that will
produce electrodes that meet the requirements of this
15.3 For purposes of certifying compliance with specification.
diffusible hydrogen requirements, the reference atmo-
spheric condition shall be an absolute humidity of 10
grains of moisture per pound (1.43 g per kg) of dry 17. Standard Sizes
air at the time of welding. The actual atmospheric Standard sizes for filler metal in the different package
conditions shall be reported along with the average forms (coils with support, coils without support, drums,
value for the tests according to ANSI/AWS A4.3. and spools, see Section 19, Standard Package Forms),
15.4 When the absolute humidity equals or exceeds are shown in Table 11.
the reference condition at the time of preparation of
the test assembly, the test shall be acceptable as demon-
18. Finish and Uniformity
strating compliance with the requirements of this speci-
fication, provided the actual test results satisfy the 18.1 All electrodes shall have a smooth finish that
diffusible hydrogen requirements for the applicable is free from slivers, depressions, scratches, scale, seams,
designator, as specified in Table 10. Likewise, if the laps (exclusive of the longitudinal joint), and foreign
actual test results for an electrode meet the requirements matter that would adversely affect the welding character-
for the lower or lowest hydrogen designator as specified istics, the operation of the welding equipment, or the
in Table 10, the electrode also meets the requirements properties of the weld metal.
668

TABLE 11
STANDARD SIZES AND TOLERANCES OF ELECTRODESa
Electrode Size Diameter Diameter Tolerance
AWS Classification in. mm in. mm

0.030 0.8
0.035 0.9
All classifications 0.045 1.2 0.002 0.05
0.052 1.3
1
16 (.062) 1.6
0.068 1.7
0.072 1.8
5
64 (.078) 2.0
3
32 (.094) 2.4
All classifications 7 0.003 0.08
64 (.109) 2.8
0.120 3.0
1
8 (.125) 3.2
5
32 (.156) 4.0
NOTE:
a. Electrodes produced in sizes other than those shown may be classified by using similar tolerances.
18.2 Each continuous length of electrode shall be 20. Winding Requirements

from a single lot of material, as defined in ANSI/AWS
20.1 Electrodes on spools and in coils (including
A5.01, and welds, when present, shall have been made
drums) shall be wound so that kinks, waves, sharp
so as not to interfere with the uniform, uninterrupted
bends, overlapping, or wedging are not encountered,
feeding of the electrode on automatic and semiautomatic
leaving the electrode free to unwind without restriction.
equipment.
The outside end of the electrode (the end with which
18.3 Core ingredients shall be distributed with suffi- welding is to begin) shall be identified so it can be
cient uniformity throughout the length of the electrode readily located and shall be fastened to avoid unwinding.
so as not to adversely affect the performance of the
electrode or the properties of the weld metal. 20.2 The cast and helix of the electrode in coils,
spools, and drums shall be such that the electrode will
18.4 A suitable protective coating may be applied feed in an uninterrupted manner in automatic and
to any electrode in this specification. semiautomatic equipment.
19. Standard Package Forms

21. Electrode Identification
19.1 Standard package forms are coils with support,
coils without support, spools, and drums. Standard 21.1 The product information and the precautionary
package dimensions and weights for each form are information required in Section 23 for marking each
given in Table 12 and Figs. 7, 8, and 9. Package package, shall also appear on each coil, spool and
forms, sizes, and weights other than these shall be as drum.
agreed by purchaser and supplier.
21.2 Coils without support shall have a tag containing
19.2 The liners in coils with support shall be designed this information securely attached to the electrode at
and constructed to prevent distortion of the coil during the inside of the coil.
normal handling and use and shall be clean and dry
enough to maintain the cleanliness of the electrode. 21.3 Coils with support shall have the information
securely affixed in a prominent location on the support.
19.3 Spools shall be designed and constructed to
prevent distortion of the electrode during normal han- 21.4 Spools shall have the information securely af-
dling and use, and shall be clean and dry enough to fixed in a prominent location on the outside of at least
maintain the cleanliness of the electrode. one flange of the spool.
669

TABLE 12
PACKAGING REQUIREMENTSa
Package Size Net Weight of Electrodeb
Type of Package in. mm lb kg

c c
Coils without supports As specified by purchaser As specified by purchaser
3
Coils with support 6 4 170 ID 14 6.4
(see below) 12 300 ID 25, 30, 50, & 60 11, 14, 23, & 27
Spools 4 100 OD 112 & 212 0.7 & 1.1

8 200 OD 10, 15, & 22 4.5, 6.8, & 10
12 300 OD 25, 30, & 35 11, 14, & 16
14 360 OD 50 & 60 23 & 27
22 560 OD 250 110
24 610 OD 300 140
30 760 OD 600 & 750 270 & 340
Drums 1512 400 OD As specified by purchaserc
20 500 OD As specified by purchaserc
23 600 OD 300 & 600 140 & 300
Coils with Support Standard Dimensions and Weighta
Coil Dimensions
Coil Net Weightb Inside Diameter of Liner Width of Wound Electrode
Electrode Size lb kg in. mm in. (max) mm (max)

3
All All 6.4 6 4 170 3 3 75
1
8
25 and 30 11 and 14 12 18 305 3 212 or 458 65 or 120
50 and 60 23 and 27 12 18 305 3 458 120
NOTES:
a. Sizes and net weights other than those specified may be supplied as agreed beetween supplier and purchaser
b. Tolerance on net weight shall be 10 percent.
c. As agreed between supplier and purchaser.
21.5 Drums shall have the information securely af- (c) Size and net weight,
fixed in a prominent location on the outside of the drum. (d) Lot, control, or heat number.
23.2 The following precautionary information (as a

22. Packaging minimum) shall be prominently displayed in legible
Electrodes shall be suitably packaged to ensure print on all packages of flux cored electrodes, including
against damage during shipment and storage under individual unit packages enclosed within a larger
normal conditions. package.
23. Marking of Packages WARNING:

23.1 The following product information (as a mini-
mum) shall be legibly marked so as to be visible from PROTECT yourself and others. Read and un-
the outside of each unit package. derstand this information.
(a) AWS Specification and classification designation FUMES AND GASES can be hazardous to your
(year of issue may be excluded), along with applicable
health.
optional designators.
(b) Suppliers name and trade designation, ARC RAYS can injure eyes and burn skin.
670

NOTES:
1. The inside diameter of the barrel shall be such that swelling of the barrel or misalignment of the barrel and flanges will not result in
the core of the spool being less than the inside diameter of the flanges.
2. The outside diameter of the barrel shall be such as to permit proper feeding of the electrode.
FIG. 7 DIMENSIONS OF STANDARD 4-IN. (100-MM) SPOOL
NOTE:
1. Dimension B, outside diameter of barrel, shall be such as to permit proper feeding of the electrode.
FIG. 8 DIMENSIONS OF STANDARD 8, 12, AND 14-IN. (200, 300, AND 350-MM) SPOOLS
671

NOTE:
1. Dimension B, outside diameter of barrel, shall be such as to permit proper feeding of the electrode.
FIG. 9 DIMENSIONS OF 22, 24, AND 30-IN. (560, 610, AND 760-MM) SPOOLS
ELECTRIC SHOCK can KILL. W See American National Standard ANSI/ASC Z49.1,
W Before use, read and understand the manufacturers Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes,
instructions, the Material Safety Data Sheets published by the American Welding Society, 550
(MSDSs), and your employers safety practices. N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126; and OSHA
W Keep your head out of the fumes. Safety and Health Standards, 29 CFR 1910, avail-
W Use enough ventilation, exhaust at the arc, or both, able from the U.S. Government Printing Office,
to keep fumes and gases away from your breathing Washington, DC 20402.
zone and the general area.
W Wear correct eye, ear, and body protection.
W Do not touch live electrical parts. DO NOT REMOVE THIS INFORMATION
672

Annex
Guide to AWS Specification for Steel Electrodes for Flux
Cored Arc Welding
(This Annex is not a part of ANSI / AWS A5.29-1998, Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding,
but is included for information only.)
A1. Introduction to include products with improved weld-metal toughness

at lower temperatures, an optional supplemental designa-
The purpose of this guide is to correlate the electrode
tor, J, has been added to identify classifications which,
classifications with their intended applications so the
when tested, produce weld metal which exhibits 20
specification can be used effectively. This guide provides
ftlbf (27 J) at a temperature of 20F (11C) lower
examples rather than complete listings of the materials
than the standard temperature shown in Table 2. Users
and applications for which each filler metal is suitable.
are cautioned that although the improved weld-metal
toughness will be evidenced when welding is performed
A2. Classification System under conditions similar to the test assembly preparation
method specified in this specification, other applications
A2.1 The system for identifying the electrode classi- of the electrode, such as long-term postweld heat treat-
fications in this specification follows, for the most part, ment (PWHT) or uphill welding with higher heat input,
the standard pattern used in other AWS filler metal may differ markedly from the improved toughness
specifications. An illustration of this system is given levels given. Users should always perform their own
in Fig. A1. properties verification testing.
A2.2 Some of the classifications are intended to weld A2.3.2 This specification has included the use of
only in the flat and horizontal positions (E70T5-A1, optional designators for diffusible hydrogen (see Table
for example). Others are intended for welding in all 10 and A8.2) to indicate the maximum average value
positions (E81T1-Ni1, for example). As in the case of obtained under a clearly defined test condition in ANSI /
covered electrodes, the smaller sizes of flux cored AWS A4.3, Standard Methods for Determination of
electrodes are the ones used for the out-of-position the Diffusible Hydrogen Content of Martensitic, Bainitic,
work. Flux cored electrodes larger than 564 in. (2.0 and Ferritic Steel Weld Metal Produced by Arc Welding.
mm) in diameter are usually used for horizontal fillets Electrodes that are designated as meeting the lower or
and flat position welding. lowest hydrogen limits as specified in Table 10, also
are understood to be able to meet any higher hydrogen
A2.3 Optional supplemental designators are also used
limits when tested in accordance with Section 15. For
in this specification in order to identify electrode classi-
example, see Note e of Table 10.
fications that have met certain supplemental require-
ments as agreed to between the supplier and the pur- A2.4 G Classification
chaser. The optional supplemental designators are not
part of the classification nor of its designation. A2.4.1 This specification includes electrodes classi-
fied as EXXXTX-G, EXXXTG-G, and EXXXTG-X.
A2.3.1 Many of the classifications included in this The G indicates that the electrode is of a general
specification have requirements for impact testing at classification. It is general because not all of the
various test temperatures as shown in Table 2. In order particular requirements specified for each of the other
673

FIG. A1 CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR LOW-ALLOY STEEL FLUX CORED ELECTRODES
674

classifications are specified for this classification. The facturer still request that a classification be established
intent, in establishing this classification, is to provide for that filler metal, as long as the filler metal is of
a means by which electrodes that differ in one respect commercial significance.
or another (chemical composition, for example) from (b) A request to establish a new filler metal classifi-
all other classifications (meaning that the composition cation must be a written request, and it needs to provide
of the weld metal in the case of the example sufficient detail to permit the Filler Metals Committee
does not meet the composition specified for any of the or the Subcommittee to determine whether the new
classifications in the specification) can still be classified classification or the modification of an existing classifi-
according to the specification. The purpose is to allow cation is more appropriate and whether either is neces-
a useful filler metal one that otherwise would have sary to satisfy the need. The request needs to state the
to await a revision of the specification to be classified variables and their limits for such a classification or
immediately, under the existing specification. This modification. The request should contain some indica-
means, then, that two electrodes each bearing the tion of the time by which completion of the new
same G classification may be quite different in classification or modification is needed.
some certain respect (chemical composition, again, for (c) The request should be sent to the Secretary of
example). the Filler Metals Committee at AWS Headquarters.
Upon receipt of the request, the Secretary will do the
A2.4.2 The point of difference (although not neces- following:
sarily the amount of the difference) referred to in (1) Assign an identifying number to the request.
A2.4.1 will be readily apparent from the use of the This number will include the date the request was
words not required and not specified in the specifi- received.
cation. The use of these words is as follows: (2) Confirm receipt of the request and give the
(a) Not Specified is used in those areas of the specifi- identification number to the person who made the
cation that refer to the results of some particular test. request.
It indicates that the requirements for that test are not
(3) Send a copy of the request to the Chair of
specified for that particular classification.
the Committee on Filler Metals and the Chair of the
(b) Not Required is used in those areas of the
particular Subcommittee involved.
specification that refer to the tests that must be conducted
(4) File the original request.
in order to classify an electrode. It indicates that the
test is not required because the requirements (results) (5) Add the request to the log of outstanding
for the test have not been specified for that particular requests.
classification. Restating the case, when a requirement (d) All necessary action on each request will be
is not specified, it is not necessary to conduct the completed as soon as possible. If more than 12 months
corresponding test in order to classify an electrode to that lapse, the Secretary shall inform the requestor of the
classification. When purchasers want the information status of the request, with copies to the Chairs of the
provided by that test in order to consider a particular Committee and of the Subcommittee. Requests still
product of that classification for a certain application, outstanding after 18 months shall be considered not to
they will have to arrange for that information with the have been answered in a timely manner and the
supplier of the product. They will have to establish Secretary shall report these to the Chair of the Commit-
with that supplier just what the testing procedure and tee on Filler Metals for action.
the acceptance requirements are to be for that test. (e) Secretary shall include a copy of the log of
They may want to incorporate that information (via all requests pending and those completed during the
ANSI / AWS A5.01, Filler Metal Procurement Guide- preceding year with the agenda for each Committee
lines ) in the purchase order. on Filler Metals meeting. Any other publication of
requests that have been completed will be at the option
A2.4.3 Request for Filler Metal Classification of the American Welding Society, as deemed appro-
(a) When a filler metal cannot be classified according priate.
to some classification other than a G classification,
the manufacturer may request that a classification be
A3. Acceptance
established for that filler metal. The manufacturer may
do this by following the procedure given here. When Acceptance of all welding materials classified under
the manufacturer elects to use the G classification, this specification is in accordance with ANSI / AWS
the Filler Metals Committee recommends that the manu- A5.01, as the specification states. Any testing a pur-
675

chaser requires of the supplier, for material shipped in and to the gases and dusts in the space in which they
accordance with this specification, shall be clearly stated are working
in the purchase order, according to the provisions of (e) The ventilation provided to the space in which
ANSI / AWS A5.01. In the absence of any such statement the welding is done
in the purchase order, the supplier may ship the material
with whatever testing the supplier normally conducts A5.2 American National Standard Z49.1, Safety in
on material of that classification, as specified in Schedule Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes (published by
F, Table 1, of the ANSI / AWS A5.01. Testing in the American Welding Society), discusses the ventilation
accordance with any other schedule in that table must that is required during welding and should be referred
be specifically required by the purchase order. In such to for details. Attention is drawn particularly to the
cases, acceptance of the material shipped will be in sections of that document entitled Protection of Person-
accordance with those requirements. nel and the General Area and Ventilation.
A6. Welding Considerations

A4. Certification
A6.1 When examining the properties required of
The act of placing the AWS Specification and Classi- weld metal as a result of the tests made according
fication designations on the packaging enclosing the to this specification, it should be recognized that in
product, or the classification on the product itself, production, where the conditions and procedures may
constitutes the suppliers (manufacturers) certification differ from those in this specification (electrode size,
that the product meets all of the requirements of the amperage, voltage, type and amount of shielding gas,
specification. position of welding, electrode extension, plate thickness,
The only testing requirement implicit in this certifica- joint geometry, preheat and interpass temperatures,
tion is that the manufacturer has actually conducted travel speed, surface condition, base-metal composition
the tests required by the specification on material that and dilution, for example), the properties of the weld
is representative of that being shipped and that the metal may also differ. Moreover, that difference may
material met the requirements of the specification. Rep- be large or small.
resentative material, in this case, is any production
run of that classification using the same formulation. A6.2 Since it has not been possible to specify one
Certification is not to be construed to mean that tests single detailed welding procedure for all products classi-
of any kind were necessarily conducted on samples of fied under any given classification in this specification,
the specific material shipped. Tests on such material details of the welding procedure used in classifying
may or may not have been conducted. The basis for each product should be recorded by the manufacturer
the certification required by the specification is the and made available to the user, on request. The informa-
classification test of representative material cited tion should include each of the items referred to in
above, and the Manufacturers Quality Assurance Sys- A6.1, as well as the actual number of passes and layers
tem in ANSI / AWS A5.01. required to complete the weld test assembly.
A6.3 The toughness requirements for the different
classifications in this specification can be used as a
A5. Ventilation During Welding guide in the selection of electrodes for applications
A5.1 Five major factors govern the quantity of requiring some degree of low-temperature notch tough-
fumes in the atmosphere to which welders and welding ness. For an electrode of any given classification, there
operators are exposed during welding. These are the can be a considerable difference between the impact
following: test results from one assembly to another, or even
from one impact specimen to another, unless particular
(a) Dimensions of the space in which welding is
attention is given to the manner in which the weld is
done (with special regard to the height of the ceiling)
made and prepared (even the location and orientation
(b) Number of welders and welding operators work-
of the specimen within the weld), the temperature of
ing in that space
testing, and the operation of the testing machine.
(c) Rate of evolution of fumes, gases, or dust, ac-
cording to the materials and processes used A6.4 Hardenability. There are inherent differences
(d) The proximity of the welders or welding operators in the effect of the carbon content of the weld deposit
to the fumes as the fumes issue from the welding zone, on hardenability, depending on whether the electrode
676

was gas shielded or self-shielded. Gas shielded elec- other alloy contents in the weld metal, will reduce yield
trodes generally employ a Mn-Si deoxidation system. and tensile strengths and may affect impact properties.
The carbon content affects hardness in a manner which Both the EX1T1-X and EX1T1-XM electrodes are
is typical of many carbon equivalent formulas published designed for single and multipass welding using DCEP
for carbon steel. polarity. The larger diameters (usually 564 in. [2.0 mm]
Most self-shielded electrodes utilize an aluminum- and larger) are used for welding in the flat position
based alloy system to provide for protection and deoxi- and for welding fillet welds in the horizontal position
dation. One of the effects of the aluminum is to modify (EX0T1-X and EX0T1-XM). The smaller diameters
the effect of carbon on hardenability. Hardness levels (usually 116 in. [1.6 mm] and smaller) are used for
obtained with self-shielded electrodes will therefore be welding in all positions (EX1T1-X and EX1T1-XM).
lower than the carbon content would indicate (when The EX1T1-X and EXTT1-XM electrodes are character-
considered on the basis of typical carbon equivalent ized by a spray transfer, low spatter loss, flat to slightly
formulas). convex bead contour, and a moderate volume of slag,
which completely covers the weld bead. Electrodes of
this classification have a rutile base slag and produce
A7. Description and Intended Use of Flux Cored high deposition rates.
Electrode Classifications
A7.2 EX0T4-X Classification. Electrodes of this
This specification contains many different classifica- classification are self-shielded, operate on DCEP, and
tions of flux cored electrodes. The suffix in each have a globular-type transfer. The slag system is de-
classification (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, or G), indicates a signed to make very-high deposition rates possible and
general grouping of electrodes that contain similar flux to produce a weld that is very low in sulfur, which
or core components and which have similar usability makes the weld very resistant to hot cracking. These
characteristics, except for the G classification where electrodes are designed for low penetration beyond the
usability characteristics may differ between similarly root of the weld, enabling them to be used on joints
classified electrodes. which have been poorly fit and for single and multipass
The steels commonly welded with low-alloy elec- welding.
trodes are usually used for specific purposes. The
welding of these steels requires an understanding of A7.3 EXXT5-X and EXXT5-XM Classifications.
their properties and heat treatment beyond that which Electrodes of the EXXT5-X classifications are designed
could be covered in an annex to an electrode specifica- to be used with CO2 shielding gas; however, as with
tion. Users not familiar with the characteristics of low- the EXXT1-X classifications, argon-CO2 mixtures may
alloy steels are referred to Vol. 4, Welding Handbook, be used to reduce spatter, when recommended by the
7th Edition, and other publications on low-alloy steels. manufacturer. Increasing the amount of argon in the
argon-CO2 mixture will increase the manganese and
A7.1 EXXT1-X and EXXT1-XM Classifications. silicon contents, along with certain other alloys, which
Electrodes of the EXXT1-X group are classified with will increase the yield and tensile strengths and may
CO2 shielding gas. However, other gas mixtures (such affect impact properties.
as argon-CO2) may be used to improve usability, espe- Electrodes of the EXXT5-XM classification are de-
cially for out-of-position applications, when recom- signed for use with 75 to 80 percent argon / balance
mended by the manufacturer. Increasing the amount CO2 shielding. Their use with gas mixtures having
of argon in the argon-CO2 mixture will increase the reduced amounts of argon or with CO2 shielding gas
manganese and silicon contents, along with certain will result in some deterioration in arc characteristics,
other alloys such as chromium, in the weld metal. The an increase in spatter, and a reduction in manganese,
increase in manganese, silicon, or other alloys will silicon, and certain other alloy elements in the weld
increase the yield and tensile strengths and may affect metal. This reduction in manganese, silicon, or other
impact properties. alloys will decrease the yield and tensile strengths and
Electrodes in the EXXT1-XM group are classified may affect impact properties.
with 75 to 80 percent argon / balance CO2 shielding Electrodes of the EX0T5-X and EX0T5-XM classifi-
gas. Their use with argon-CO2 shielding gas mixtures cations are used primarily for single-pass and multipass
having reduced amounts of argon or with CO2 shielding welds in the flat position and for welding fillet welds
gas may result in some deterioration of arc characteris- in the horizontal position using DCEP or DCEN, de-
tics and out-of-position welding characteristics. In addi- pending on the manufacturers recommendation. These
tion, a reduction of manganese, silicon, and certain electrodes are characterized by a globular transfer,
677

slightly convex bead contour, and a thin slag that may or both are not defined and are as agreed upon between
not completely cover the weld bead. These electrodes supplier and purchaser.
have a lime-fluoride base slag. Weld deposits produced
A7.9 Chemical Composition. The chemical composi-
by these electrodes typically have impact properties
tion of the weld metal produced is often the primary
and hot and cold crack resistance that are superior to
consideration for electrode selection. The suffixes, which
those obtained with rutile base slags. The EX1T5-X
are part of each alloy electrode classification, identify
and EX1T5-XM electrodes, using DCEN, can be used
the chemical composition of the weld metal produced
for welding in all positions. However, the operator
by the electrode. The following paragraphs give a brief
appeal of these electrodes is not as good as that of
description of the classifications, intended uses, and
those with rutile base slags.
typical applications.
A7.4 EXXT6-X Classification. Electrodes of this A7.9.1 EXXTX-A1 (C-Mo Steel) Electrodes.
classification are self-shielded, operate on DCEP, and These electrodes are similar to the E7XT-X carbon-
have a spray-type transfer. The slag system is designed steel electrodes classified in ANSI / AWS A5.20, Speci-
to give good low-temperature impact properties, good fication for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored
penetration into the root of the weld, and excellent Arc Welding, except that 12 percent molybdenum has
slag removal, even in a deep groove. These electrodes been added. This addition increases the strength of the
are used for single-pass and multipass welding in flat weld metal, especially at elevated temperatures and
and horizontal positions. provides some increase in corrosion resistance; however,
it may reduce the notch toughness of the weld metal.
A7.5 EXXT7-X Classification. Electrodes of this This type of electrode is commonly used in the fabrica-
classification are self-shielded, operate on DCEN and tion and erection of boilers and pressure vessels. Typical
have a small droplet to spray-type transfer. The slag applications include the welding of C-Mo steel base
system is designed to allow the larger sizes to be used metals such as ASTM A 161, A 204 and A 302 Gr.
for high deposition rates in the horizontal and flat A plate, and A 335-P1 pipe.
positions, and to allow the smaller sizes to be used
for all welding positions. The electrodes are used for A7.9.2 EXXTX-BX, EXXTX-BXL and EXXTX-
single-pass and multipass welding and produce very- BXH (Cr-Mo Steel) Electrodes. These electrodes pro-
low sulfur weld metal, which is very resistant to hot duce weld metal that contains between 12 percent and
cracking. 9 percent chromium, and between 12 percent to 1
percent molybdenum. They are designed to produce
A7.6 EXXT8-X Classification. Electrodes of this weld metal for high-temperature service and for match-
classification are self-shielded, operate on DCEN, and ing the properties of the typical base metals as follows:
have a small droplet or spray-type transfer. These (a) EXXTX-B1 ASTM A 335-P2 pipe
electrodes are suitable for all welding positions, and (b) EXXTX-B1 ASTM A 387 Gr. 2 plate
the weld metal has very good low-temperature notch (c) EXXTX-B2 ASTM A 335-P11 pipe
toughness and crack resistance. These electrodes are (d) EXXTX-B2 ASTM A 387 Gr. 11 plate
used for single-pass and multipass welds. (e) EXXTX-B2L Thin-wall A 335-P11 pipe or
tube for use in the as-welded condition or for applica-
A7.7 EXXT11-X Classification. Electrodes of this
tions where low hardness is a primary concern.
classification are self-shielded, operate on DCEN, and
(f) EXXTX-B3 ASTM A 335-P22 pipe
have a smooth spray-type transfer. The electrodes are
intended for single-pass and multipass welding in all (g) EXXTX-B3 ASTM A 387 Gr. 22 plate
positions. The manufacturer should be consulted regard- (h) EXXTX-B3L Thin-wall ASTM A 335-P22
ing any plate thickness limitations. pipe for use in the as-welded condition or for applica-
tions where lower hardness is of primary concern.
A7.8 EXXTX-G, EXXTG-X, and EXXTG-G Clas- (i) EXXTX-B6 ASTM A 213-T5 tube
sifications. These classifications are for multiple-pass (j) EXXTX-B6 ASTM A 335-P5 pipe
electrodes that are not covered by any presently defined (k) EXXTX-B8 ASTM A 213-T9 tube
classification. The mechanical properties can be anything (l) EXXTX-B8 ASTM A 335-P9 pipe
covered by this specification. Requirements are estab- For two of these Cr-Mo electrode classifications,
lished by the digits chosen to complete the classification. low-carbon EXXTX-BXL classifications have been es-
Placement of the G in the classification designates tablished. While regular Cr-Mo electrodes produce weld
that the alloy requirements, shielding gas / slag system, metal with 0.05 percent to 0.12 percent carbon, the
678

L-Grades are limited to a maximum of 0.05 percent on many high-strength applications ranging from 80 to
carbon. While the lower percent carbon in the weld 110 ksi (550 to 760 MPa) minimum yield strength.
metal will improve ductility and lower hardness; it will Typical applications would include the welding of
also reduce the high-temperature strength and creep submarines, aircraft carriers, and many structural appli-
resistance of the weld metal. cations where excellent low-temperature toughness is
Several of these grades also have had high-carbon required. Steels welded would include HY-80, HY-100,
grades (EXXTX-BXH) established. In these cases, the ASTM A 710, A 514, and other similar high-strength
electrode produces weld metal with 0.10 percent to steels.
0.15 percent carbon which may be required for high-
temperature strength in some applications. A7.9.4.3 EXXTX-K3 Electrodes. Electrodes of
Since all Cr-Mo electrodes produce weld metal which this type produce weld deposits with higher levels of
will harden in still air, both preheat and postweld heat Mn, Ni, and Mo than the EXXTX-K2 types. They are
treatment (PWHT) are required for most applications. usually higher strength than the -K1 and -K2 types.
No minimum notch toughness requirements have Typical applications include the welding of HY-100
been established for any of the Cr-Mo electrode classifi- and A 514 steels.
cations. While it is possible to obtain Cr-Mo electrodes A7.9.4.4 EXXTX-K4 Electrodes. Electrodes of
with minimum toughness values at ambient temperatures
this classification deposit weld metal similar to that of
down to 32F (0C), specific values and testing must
the -K3 electrodes, with the addition of approximately
be agreed to by the supplier and the purchaser.
0.5 percent chromium. The additional alloy provides the
A7.9.3 EXXTX-DX (Mn-Mo Steel) Electrodes. higher strength needed for many applications needing in
These electrodes produce weld metal which contains excess of 120 000 psi (830 MPa) tensile, such as
about 1-12 percent to 2 percent manganese and between armor plate.
1
3 percent and 23 percent molybdenum. This weld metal
A7.9.4.5 EXXTX-K5 Electrodes. Electrodes of
provides higher strength and better notch toughness than
this classification produce weld metal which is designed
the C12 percent Mo and 1 percent Ni-12 percent Mo
to match the mechanical properties of steels such as
steel weld metal discussed in A7.9.1 and A7.9.4. How-
SAE 4130 and 8630 after the weldment is quenched
ever, the weld metal from these Mn-Mo steel electrodes
and tempered. The classification requirements stipulate
is quite air-hardenable and usually requires preheat and
only as welded mechanical properties; therefore, the
PWHT. The individual electrodes classified under this
end user is encouraged to perform qualification testing.
electrode group have been designed to match the me-
chanical properties and corrosion resistance of the high- A7.9.4.6 EXXTX-K6 Electrodes. Electrodes of
strength, low-alloy pressure vessel steels, such as ASTM this classification produce weld metal which utilizes
A 302 Gr. B and HSLA steels and manganese molybde- less than 1 percent nickel to achieve excellent toughness
num castings such as ASTM A 49, A 291 and A 735. in the 60 000 and 70 000 psi (410480 MPa) tensile-
strength ranges. Applications include structural, offshore
A7.9.4 EXXTX-K(X) (Various Low-Alloy Steel
construction, and circumferential pipe welding.
Type) Electrodes. This group of electrodes produces
weld metal of several different chemical compositions. A7.9.4.7 EXXTX-K7 Electrodes. This electrode
These electrodes are primarily intended for as-welded classification produces weld metal which has similarities
applications. See Table 2 for a comparison of the to that produced with EXXTX-Ni2 and EXXTX-Ni3
toughness levels obtained for each classification. electrodes. This weld metal has approximately 1-12
percent manganese and 2-12 percent nickel.
A7.9.4.1 EXXTX-K1 Electrodes. Electrodes of
this classification produce weld metal with nominally A7.9.4.8 EXXTX-K8 Electrodes. This classifi-
1 percent nickel and 12 percent molybdenum. These cation was designed for electrodes intended for use in
electrodes can be used for long-term stress-relived circumferential girth welding of line pipe. The weld
applications or for welding low-alloy, high-strength deposit contains approximately 1-12 percent manganese,
steels, in particular 1 percent nickel. 1.0 percent nickel, and small amounts of other alloys.
It is especially intended for use on API 5LX80 pipe
A7.9.4.2 EXXTX-K2 Electrodes. Electrodes in steels.
this classification produce weld metal which will have
a chemical composition of 1-12 percent nickel and up A7.9.4.9 EXXT1-K9 Electrodes. This electrode
to 0.35 percent molybdenum. These electrodes are used produces weld metal similar to that of the -K2 and
679

-K3 type electrodes, but is intended to be similar to the description and intended use of the electrode from
the military requirements of MIL-101TM and 101TC the supplier.
electrodes in MIL-E-24403 / 2C. The electrode is de-
signed for welding HY-80 steel.
A8. Special Tests
A7.9.5 EXXTX-NiX (Ni-Steel) Electrodes. These A8.1 It is recognized that supplementary tests may
electrodes have been designed to produce weld metal need to be conducted to determine the suitability of these
with increased strength without being air-hardenable or welding electrodes for applications involving properties
with increased notch toughness at temperatures as low such as hardness, corrosion resistance, mechanical prop-
as 100F (73C). They have been specified with erties at higher or lower service temperatures, wear
nickel contents which fall into three nominal levels of resistance, and suitability for welding combinations of
1 percent Ni, 2-14 percent Ni, and 3-14 percent Ni dissimilar metals. Supplemental requirements as agreed
in steel. between purchaser and supplier may be added to the
With carbon levels of up to 0.12%, strength increases purchase order following the guidance of ANSI / AWS
and permits some of these Ni-steel electrodes to be A5.01.
classified as E8XTX-NiX and E9XTX-NiX. However,
some classifications may produce low-temperature notch A8.2 Diffusible Hydrogen Test
toughness to match the base-metal properties of nickel
A8.2.1 Hydrogen-induced cracking of weld metal
steels, such as ASTM A 203 Gr. A, ASTM A 352
or the HAZ generally is not a problem with carbon
Grade LC1 and LC2. The manufacturer should be
steels containing 0.3 percent or less carbon, nor with
consulted for specific Charpy V-notch impact properties.
lower-strength alloy steels. However, the electrodes
Typical base metals would also include ASTM A 302,
classified in this specification are used to join higher-
A 572, A 575, and A 734.
carbon steels or low-alloy, high-strength steels where
Many low-alloy steels require postweld heat treatment
hydrogen-induced cracking may be a serious problem.
to stress relieve the weld or temper the weld metal
and heat-affected zone (HAZ) to achieve increased A8.2.2 Most flux cored electrodes deposit weld
ductility. It is often acceptable to exceed the PWHT metal having diffusible hydrogen levels of less than
holding temperatures shown in Table 8. However, for 16 mL / 100 grams of deposited metal. For that reason,
many applications, nickel-steel weld metal can be used flux cored electrodes are generally considered to be
without (PWHT). If PWHT is to be specified for a low hydrogen. However, some commercially available
nickel-steel weldment, the holding temperature should products will, under certain conditions, produce weld
not exceed the maximum temperature given in Table metal with diffusible hydrogen levels in excess of 16
8 for the classification considered, since nickel steels mL / 100 grams of deposited metal. Therefore, it may
can be embrittled at higher temperatures. be appropriate for certain applications to utilize the
Electrodes of the EXXTX-Ni(X) type are often used optional supplemental designators for diffusible hydro-
in structural applications where excellent toughness gen when specifying the flux cored electrode to be used.
(Charpy V-notch or CTOD) is required.
A8.2.3 The user of this information is cautioned
A7.9.6 EXXTX-WX (Weathering Steel) Elec- that actual fabrication conditions may result in different
trodes. These electrodes have been designed to produce diffusible hydrogen values than those indicated by the
weld metal that matches the corrosion resistance and designator.
the coloring of the ASTM weathering-type structural
steels. These special properties are achieved by the A8.2.4 The use of a reference atmospheric condi-
addition of about 12 percent copper to the weld metal. tion during welding is necessitated because the arc is
To meet strength, ductility, and notch toughness in the subject to atmospheric contamination when using either
weld metal, some chromium and nickel additions are self-shielded or gas shielded flux cored electrodes.
also made. These electrodes are used to weld typical Moisture from the air, distinct from that in the electrode,
weathering steel, such as ASTM A 242 and A 588. can enter the arc and subsequently the weld pool,
contributing to the resulting observed diffusible hydro-
A7.9.7 EXXTX-G (General Low-Alloy Steel) gen. This effect can be minimized by maintaining as
Electrodes. These electrodes are described in A2.4. short an arc length as possible consistent with a steady
These electrode classifications may be either modifica- arc. Experience has shown that the effect of arc length
tions of other discrete classifications or totally new is minor at the H16 level, but can be very significant
classifications. The purchaser and user should determine at the H4 level. An electrode meeting the H4 require-
680

ments under the reference atmospheric conditions may toward its inherent value, while yield, tensile, and impact
not do so under conditions of high humidity at the strengths remain relatively unchanged. This specification
time of welding, especially if a long arc length is permits the aging of the tensile test specimens at
maintained. elevated temperatures from 200 to 220F (90 to 104C)
for up to 48 hours before subjecting them to tension
A8.2.5 Electrode extension also affects diffusible testing. The purpose of this treatment is to facilitate
hydrogen with flux cored electrodes. In general, a longer removal of hydrogen from the test specimen in order
electrode extension will preheat the electrode more, to minimize discrepancies in testing.
which causes some removal of hydrogen-bearing com- Aging treatments are sometimes used for low-hydro-
pounds (moisture and lubricants) before they reach the gen electrode deposits, especially when testing high-
arc. The result of longer electrode extension can be strength deposits. Note that aging may involve holding
reduced diffusible hydrogen. However, excessive elec- test specimens at room temperature for several days
trode extension with external gas shielded electrodes or holding at a higher temperature for a shorter period
may cause some loss of gas shielding unless the contact of time. Consequently, users are cautioned to employ
tip is recessed in the gas cup. If the gas shielding is adequate preheat and interpass temperatures to avoid
disturbed, more air may enter the arc and increase the the deleterious effects of hydrogen in production welds.
diffusible hydrogen. This may also cause porosity due
to nitrogen pickup.
A9. Safety Considerations
A8.2.6 The reader is cautioned that the shielding
gas itself can contribute significantly to diffusible hydro- A9.1 Burn Protection. Molten metal, sparks, slag,
gen. Normally, welding-grade shielding gases are in- and hot work surfaces are produced by welding, cutting,
tended to have very low dew points and very low and allied processes. These can cause burns if precau-
impurity levels. This, however, is not always the case. tionary measures are not used. Workers should wear
Instances have occurred where a contaminated gas protective clothing made of fire-resistant material. Pant
cylinder resulted in a significant increase of diffusible cuffs, open pockets, or other places on clothing that
hydrogen in the weld metal. In case of doubt, a check can catch and retain molten metal or sparks should
of gas dew point is suggested. A dew point of 40F not be worn. High-top shoes or leather leggings and
(40C) or lower is considered satisfactory for most fire-resistant gloves should be worn. Pant legs should
applications. be worn over the outside of high-top shoes. Helmets
or hand shields that provide protection for the face,
A8.2.7 Some flux cored electrodes can absorb neck, and ears, and a protective head covering should
significant moisture if stored in a humid environment be used. In addition, appropriate eye protection should
in damaged or open packages, or especially if unpro- be used.
tected for long periods of time. In the worst cases of When welding overhead or in confined spaces, ear
high humidity, even overnight exposure of unprotected plugs to prevent weld spatter from entering the ear
electrodes can lead to a significant increase of diffusible canal should be worn in combination with goggles, or
hydrogen. In the event the electrode has been exposed, the equivalent, to give added eye protection. Clothing
the manufacturer should be consulted regarding probable should be kept free of grease and oil. Combustible
damage to low-hydrogen characteristics and possible materials should not be carried in pockets. If any
reconditioning of the electrodes. combustible substance has been spilled on clothing, a
A8.2.8 Not all flux cored electrode classifications change to clean, fire-resistant clothing should be made
may be available in the H16, H8, or H4 diffusible before working with open arcs or flames. Aprons,
hydrogen levels. The manufacturer of a given electrode cape-sleeves, leggings, and shoulder covers with bibs
should be consulted for availability of products meeting designed for welding service should be used. Where
these limits. welding or cutting of unusually thick base metal is
involved, sheet metal shields should be used for extra
A8.3 Aging of Tensile Specimens. Weld metals may protection.
contain significant quantities of hydrogen for some time Mechanization of highly hazardous processes or jobs
after they have been made. Most of this hydrogen should be considered. Other personnel in the work area
gradually escapes over time. This may take several should be protected by the use of noncombustible
weeks at room temperature or several hours at elevated screens or by the use of appropriate protection as
temperatures. As a result of this eventual change in described in the previous paragraph. Before leaving a
hydrogen level, ductility of the weld metal increases work area, hot workpieces should be marked to alert
681

other persons of this hazard. No attempt should be dry gloves and rubber-soled shoes, or stand on a dry
made to repair or disconnect electrical equipment when board or insulated platform.
it is under load. Disconnection under load produces Cables and connections should be kept in good
arcing of the contacts and may cause burns or shock, condition. Improper or worn electrical connections may
or both. (Note: Burns can be caused by touching hot create conditions that could cause electrical shock or
equipment such as electrode holders, tips, and nozzles. short circuits. Worn, damaged, or bare cables should
Therefore, insulated gloves should be worn when these not be used. Open-circuit voltage should be avoided.
items are handled, unless an adequate cooling period When several welders are working with arcs of different
has been allowed before touching.) polarities, or when a number of alternating current
The following sources are for more detailed informa- machines are being used, the open-circuit voltages can
tion on personal protection: be additive. The added voltages increase the severity
(a) American National Standards Institute. ANSI / of the shock hazard.
ASC Z87.1, Practice for Occupational and Educational In case of electric shock, the power should be turned
Eye and Face Protection. New York: American National off. If the rescuer must resort to pulling the victim
Standards Institute.5 from the live contact, nonconducting materials should
(b) . ANSI Z41, Personal Protection Protective be used. If the victim is not breathing, cardiopulmonary
Footwear. New York: American National Standards resuscitation (CPR) should be administered as soon as
Institute. contact with the electrical source is broken. A physician
(c) American Welding Society. ANSI / ASC Z49.1, should be called and CPR continued until breathing
Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes. Miami, has been restored, or until a physician has arrived.
FL: American Welding Society.6 Electrical burns are treated as thermal burns; that is,
(d) OSHA. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 29 clean, cold (iced) compresses should be applied. Con-
Labor, Chapter XVII, Part 1910. Washington, DC: U.S. tamination should be avoided; the area should be cov-
Government Printing Office.7 ered with a clean, dry dressing; and the patient should
be transported to medical assistance.
A9.2 Electrical Hazards. Electric shock can kill. Recognized safety standards such as ANSI / ASC
However, it can be avoided. Live electrical parts should Z49.1, and NFPA No. 70, National Electrical Code,
not be touched. The manufacturers instructions and should be followed.8
recommended safe practices should be read and under-
A9.3 Fumes and Gases. Many welding, cutting, and
stood. Faulty installation, improper grounding, and in-
allied processes produce fumes and gases which may
correct operation and maintenance of electrical equip-
be harmful to health. Fumes are solid particles which
ment are all sources of danger.
originate from welding filler metals and fluxes, the
All electrical equipment and the workpieces should
base metal, and any coatings present on the base metal.
be grounded. The workpiece lead is not a ground lead;
Gases are produced during the welding process or may
it is used only to complete the welding circuit. A
be produced by the effects of process radiation on the
separate connection is required to ground the workpiece.
surrounding environment. Management, welders and
The correct cable size should be used, since sustained
other personnel should be aware of the effects of these
overloading will cause cable failure and result in possi-
fumes and gases. The amount and composition of these
ble electrical shock or fire hazard. All electrical connec-
fumes and gases depend upon the composition of the
tions should be tight, clean, and dry. Poor connections
electrode and base metal, welding process, current level,
can overheat and even melt. Further, they can produce
arc length and other factors.
dangerous arcs and sparks. Water, grease, or dirt should
The possible effects of over exposure range from
not be allowed to accumulate on plugs, sockets, or
irritation of eyes, skin, and respiratory system to more
electrical units. Moisture can conduct electricity. To
severe complications. Effects may occur immediately
prevent shock, the work area, equipment, and clothing
or at some later time. Fumes can cause symptoms such
should be kept dry at all times. Welders should wear
as nausea, headaches, dizziness and metal fume fever.
The possibility of more serious health effects exists
5
ANSI standard may be obtained from the American National when especially toxic materials are involved. In confined
Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036. spaces, the shielding gases and fumes might displace
6
AWS standards may be obtained from the American Welding
Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126.
7 8
OSHA standards may be obtained from the U.S. Government NFPA documents are available from the National Fire Protection
Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269-9101.
682

breathing air and cause asphyxiation. Ones head should to health. One should become acquainted with the
always be kept out of the fumes. Sufficient ventilation, effects of this radiant energy.
exhaust at the arc, or both, should be used to keep Radiant energy may be ionizing (such as x-rays), or
fumes and gases from your breathing zone and the nonionizing (such as ultraviolet, visible light, or infra-
general area. red). Radiation can produce a variety of effects such
In some cases, natural air movement will provide as skin burns and eye damage, depending on the radiant
enough ventilation. Where ventilation may be question- energys wavelength and intensity, if excessive exposure
able, air sampling should be used to determine if occurs.
corrective measures should be applied.
A9.4.1 Ionizing Radiation. Ionizing radiation is
Special precautions should be used when welding
with the electrodes of the B3, B6, and B8 series. As produced by the electron beam welding process. It is
a group, the fumes from the normal use of these ordinarily controlled within acceptance limits by use
electrodes contain significant amounts of hexavelant of suitable shielding enclosing the welding area.
chromium (Cr VI) compounds. The permissible expo- A9.4.2 Nonionizing Radiation. The intensity and
sure limit (PEL) and the threshold limit value (TLV) wavelengths of nonionizing radiant energy produced
for Cr VI of 0.05 mg / m3 as chromium will be exceeded depend on many factors, such as the process, welding
before reaching the 5.0 mg / m3 threshold limit value parameters, electrode and base-metal composition,
for general welding fume. Therefor, for these products, fluxes, and any coating or plating on the base metal.
monitoring for hexavelant chromium will be more Some processes, such as resistance welding and cold
conservative than monitoring for general welding fume. pressure welding, ordinarily produce negligible quanti-
Short-term effects of excessive overexposure to Cr VI ties of radiant energy. However, most arc welding and
present in fumes may be an irritation to the breathing cutting processes (except submerged arc when used
system. Some people may have allergic reactions. Chro- properly), laser beam welding and torch welding, cut-
mium VI is considered a carcinogen by the International ting, brazing, or soldering can produce quantities of
Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the National nonionizing radiation such that precautionary measures
Toxicology Program (NTP). However, evidence from are necessary.
studies involving welding fumes and gases containing Protection from possible harmful effects caused by
chromium compounds do not confirm any carcinogenic nonionizing radiant energy from welding include the
risk when exposures are held within OSHA mandated following measures:
limits. (a) One should not look at welding arcs except
More detailed information on fumes and gases pro- through welding filter plates which meet the require-
duced by the various welding processes may be found ments of ANSI / ASC Z87.1, Practice for Occupational
in the following: and Educational Eye and Face Protection. It should
(a) The permissible exposure limits required by be noted that transparent welding curtains are not
OSHA can be found in Code of Federal Regulations, intended as welding filter plates, but rather are intended
Title 29 Labor, Chapter XVII, Part 1910. to protect passersby from incidental exposure.
(b) The recommended threshold limit values for these (b) Exposed skin should be protected with adequate
fumes and gases may be found in Threshold Limit gloves and clothing as specified in ANSI / ASC Z49.1,
Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents in Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes.
the Workroom Environment, published by the American (c) Reflections from welding arcs should be avoided,
Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists and all personnel should be protected from intense
(ACGIH).9 reflections. (Note: Paints using pigments of substantially
(c) The results of an AWS-funded study are available zinc oxide or titanium dioxide have a lower reflectance
in a report entitled, Fumes and Gases in the Welding for ultraviolet radiation.)
Environment. (d) Screens, curtains, or adequate distance from
aisles, walkways, etc., should be used to avoid exposing
A9.4 Radiation. Welding, cutting, and allied opera- passersby to welding operations.
tions may produce radiant energy (radiation) harmful (e) Safety glasses with UV-protective side shields
have been shown to provide some beneficial protection
from ultraviolet radiation produced by welding arcs.
9
ACGIH documents are available from the American Conference of
Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 1330 Kemper Meadow Drive, A9.4.3 Ionizing radiation information sources in-
Suite 600, Cincinnati, OH 45240-1634 clude the following:
683

(a) American Welding Society F2.1-78, Recom- (g) Moss, C. E. Optical Radiation Transmission
mended Safe Practices for Electron Beam Welding and Levels through Transparent Welding Curtains. Welding
Cutting. Journal 58 (3): 69-s to 75-s, 1979.
(b) Manufacturers product information literature. (h) National Technical Information Service.10 Non-
ionizing Radiation Protection Special Study No. 42-
A9.4.4 Nonionizing radiation information sources
0053-77, Evaluation of the Potential Hazards from
include the following:
Actinic Ultraviolet Radiation Generated by Electric
(a) American National Standards Institute. ANSI /
Welding and Cutting Arcs. Springfield, VA: National
ASC Z136.1, Safe Use of Lasers. New York: American
Technical Information Service.
National Standards Institute.
(i) National Technical Information Service. Nonion-
(b) . ANSI / ASC Z87.1, Practice for Occupational
izing Radiation Protection Special Study No. 42-0312-
and Educational Eye and Face Protection. New York:
77, Evaluation of the Potential Retina Hazards from
American National Standards Institute.
Optical Radiation Generated by Electrical Welding
(c) American Welding Society. ANSI / ASC Z49.1,
and Cutting Arcs. Springfield, VA: National Technical
Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes. Miami,
Information Service.
FL: American Welding Society.
(d) Hinrichs, J. F. Project Committee on Radia-
tion Summary Report. Welding Journal 57 (1):62 A10. Changed or Obsolete Classifications
65, 1978.
(e) Marshall, W. J., Sliney, D. H., et al. Optical The E80T1-W classification from A5.29-80 has been
Radiation Levels Produced by Air-Carbon Arc Cutting changed to E8XT1-W2, -W2M to conform with other
Processes. Welding Journal 59 (3):4346, 1979. documents.
(f) Moss, C. E., and Murray, W.E. Optical Radiation
Levels Produced in Gas Welding, Torch Brazing, and 10
National Technical Information documents are available from the
Oxygen Cutting. Welding Journal 58 (9):3746, 1979. National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161.
684


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SPECIFICATION FOR LOW-ALLOY STEEL

ELECTRODES FOR FLUX CORED ARC WELDING

(Identical with AWS Specification A5.29-98.)

1. Scope (g) A 514/A 514M, Specification for High-Yield

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

AWS Classificationa ksi MPa ksi MPa Min.

3. Classification Electrodes intended for use without external shielding

3.2 Electrodes classified under one classification shall

3.3 The electrodes classified under this specification 4

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Licensed by Information Handling Services

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

E10XT1-B3, -B3M W53031

Licensed by Information Handling Services

E8XT5-Ni3, -Ni3M W23035 0.12 1.50 0.03 0.03 0.80 2.753.75

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Manganese-Molybdenum Steel Electrodes

E9XT5-D2, -D2M W19235

E9XT1-D3, -D3M W19331 0.12 1.001.75 0.03 0.03 0.80 0.400.65

E8XT1-K2, -K2M W21231

Licensed by Information Handling Services

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

FIG. 1 PAD FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF UNDILUTED WELD METAL

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

FIG. 3 FILLET WELD TEST ASSEMBLY

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

B1, B2, B2L, B2H A 387, Grade 11 K11789

K6, K2, K8 A 537, Class 1 or 2 K12437

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

EXXT4-X All Sizesc 711 1 or 2 2 or 3b 46

EXXT8-X All Sizesc 1218 1 or 2 2 or 3b 69

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

FIG. 4 RADIOGRAPHIC STANDARDS FOR TEST ASSEMBLY IN FIG. 2

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

FIG. 5 DIMENSIONS OF FILLET WELDS

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

in. mm in. mm in. mm

FIG. 6 ALTERNATE METHODS FOR FACILITATING FILLET WELD FRACTURE

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

AWS Classification in. mm in. mm

18.2 Each continuous length of electrode shall be 20. Winding Requirements

19. Standard Package Forms

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Type of Package in. mm lb kg

Spools 4 100 OD 112 & 212 0.7 & 1.1

Coils with Support Standard Dimensions and Weighta

Coil Net Weightb Inside Diameter of Liner Width of Wound Electrode

Electrode Size lb kg in. mm in. (max) mm (max)

23.2 The following precautionary information (as a

23. Marking of Packages WARNING:

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers