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Math

Logarithms are functions that are continuous, monotone, and satisfy the property that log(x) + log(y) = log(xy). They can be defined as the inverse function of an exponential, through their properties, or using calculus. Logarithms are used in many real-world applications involving exponential growth or measuring quantities on logarithmic scales, such as pH. Examples of using logarithms include calculating population growth, measuring numbers with many digits, and determining interest rates.

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68 views3 pages

Math

Logarithms are functions that are continuous, monotone, and satisfy the property that log(x) + log(y) = log(xy). They can be defined as the inverse function of an exponential, through their properties, or using calculus. Logarithms are used in many real-world applications involving exponential growth or measuring quantities on logarithmic scales, such as pH. Examples of using logarithms include calculating population growth, measuring numbers with many digits, and determining interest rates.

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Masio Sangster

Mrs. Strong
Secondary Math 3
4/30/17
Properties of Logs

There are many ways to define Logarithms, because they are so fundamental to math.
First, a note on terminology: sometimes log(x) means a generic function in the family,
and sometimes it means a specific function (usually the ones called log base 10 or
log base e/ the natural log). I am using it in this case to mean anything in the family.
A logarithm is a function, usually from the positive real numbers to the real numbers.
Here are some properties:Logarithms are continuous, monotone (always increasing or
decreasing, but never changing direction) and have the very cool relation that log(x)
+log(y) = log(xy) (which implies that log(1)=0).

Ways of defining them:The most simplest way I could describe a Log is: The inverse
function of an exponential function.Another way of defining them is through the
properties continuous and log(x)+log(y)=log(xy)
A third method is using calculus and saying its derivative is 1/x or log(x) = the integral
from 1 to x of 1/y dy, which are equivalent.

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Now lets do some practice problems here are three Logs below that you can easily solve:

A. Log6(7) + Log6(Y)
B. Log7(d) Log7(3)
C. Log3(x^4)

If you are still confused on what a logarithm is think of it as an exponent: We know that 4 to the 4 th power
equals 256, which means the exponential value would be 4^4= 256. Now suppose that you wanted to turn
this into log form you would write it as: Log4(256)= 4.
Logb(a)=c ---- b^c= a
B is the base
C is the exponent
A is the power

Logarithms have a strong connection to Inverse functions believe it or not, the inverse of a log is its
exponential function. When you graph the log function and its inverse you also have to graph the line
y=x. Here is a couple of examples of an Inverse log:
Logarithms are used everywhere in the real world, anywhere you find
exponentials you will find logarithms. For example, if a population (people,
animals, bacteria, etc.) is allowed to grow unchecked at a constant rate of
reproduction, then the population at time tt will be rtrt times as large as the
initial population. So the time required for the population to increase by a factor
of kk is logrklogrk. Other real life situations where Log is used:

6 figures

Double digits

Order of magnitude

Interest rate

Ph value (Science)

Log is used for the Ph value on the scale. So since Ph measures


how acidic and basic a substance is, it ranges from 0 to 14. The
acidity depends on the [H+] ion ( Hydrogen). pH= -log10[H+]

1. pH= -log(1 * 10^-7)


2. = -log(1) log(10^-7)
3. =0 (-7)
4. =7

Cites: https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/reference/chpt-4/logarithms/
https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/jessicagarcia62/properties-of-logarithms
https://janav.wordpress.com/2013/09/29/logarithms-in-real-life/

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