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    F Khorrami Release SmartGridTalk

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    Manohar Reddy
    The document describes the Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL) and its work on challenges in cyber-controlled smart grids. The MGRL is developing technology to integrate and control renewable energy sources through distributed generation systems. This involves extensive sensor monitoring, intelligent messaging between components, and detection of anomalies. The laboratory is working on control design across multiple levels including microgrids, distributed generation units, and complex multi-agent systems. Key research areas include smart grid architecture, cyber security, modeling and control, and smart metering and pricing.

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    F Khorrami Release SmartGridTalk

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    Manohar Reddy
    46 views13 pages
    The document describes the Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL) and its work on challenges in cyber-controlled smart grids. The MGRL is developing technology to integrate and control renewable energy sources through distributed generation systems. This involves extensive sensor monitoring, intelligent messaging between components, and detection of anomalies. The laboratory is working on control design across multiple levels including microgrids, distributed generation units, and complex multi-agent systems. Key research areas include smart grid architecture, cyber security, modeling and control, and smart metering and pricing.

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    The document describes the Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL) and its work on challenges in cyber-controlled smart grids. The MGRL is developing technology to integrate and control renewable energy sources through distributed generation systems. This involves extensive sensor monitoring, intelligent messaging between components, and detection of anomalies. The laboratory is working on control design across multiple levels including microgrids, distributed generation units, and complex multi-agent systems. Key research areas include smart grid architecture, cyber security, modeling and control, and smart metering and pricing.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    46 views13 pages

    F Khorrami Release SmartGridTalk

    Uploaded by

    Manohar Reddy
    The document describes the Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL) and its work on challenges in cyber-controlled smart grids. The MGRL is developing technology to integrate and control renewable energy sources through distributed generation systems. This involves extensive sensor monitoring, intelligent messaging between components, and detection of anomalies. The laboratory is working on control design across multiple levels including microgrids, distributed generation units, and complex multi-agent systems. Key research areas include smart grid architecture, cyber security, modeling and control, and smart metering and pricing.

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    Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL)

    Challenges in Cyber-Controlled Smart Grid


    Professor Farshad Khorrami
    [email protected]
    Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL)
    Control/Robotics Research Laboratory (CRRL)
    Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
    Polytechnic Institute of NYU
    Six Metrotech Center
    Brooklyn, NY 11201

    Feb. 2010

    Polytechnic Institute of NYU 1


    Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL)

    Overview
    Energy technologies have a central role in social and economic
    developments at all scales.
    Energy is closely linked to environmental pollution, degradation to
    economic development, and quality of living.
    We are dependent on nonrenewable fossil fuels that have been and will
    continue to be major cause of pollution and climatic change.
    Petroleum supplies are dwindling.
    Finding sustainable alternatives is an urgent concern.
    GOALS:
    To develop technology for integration, control of renewable energy
    sources, control of energy consumption and load management.
    To empower energy user for a sustainable living and to develop
    Distributed Generation system where energy user is also an energy
    producer.
    Polytechnic Institute of NYU 2
    Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL)

    Sustainable Energy Technology


    Primary Energy: All we use comes from the sun. 7000 times current global energy use.

    Source : BMW Group,2000

    Key to Sustainability:
    Utilize primary energy resource at the same
    rate at which it is naturally replenished on
    earth and without externalities.

    In the long run, an economy that utilizes


    petroleum as a primary energy source is not
    sustainable, because the amount of oil in the
    Earths crust is finite.

    Polytechnic Institute of NYU 3


    Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL)

    What If..cover earth with solar cells


    Solar energy potentials assuming that 10% of unused land area can be covered by solar cells

    Nielsen, R. 2005, 'How Much Solar Energy Can We Harvest?', http://home.iprimus.com.au/nielsens/.

    A Total surface area of the currently unused land in billion hectares (Gha).
    R Annual clear sky solar irradiance (the intensity of solar radiation in watts
    per square metre (W/m2)).
    f Annual fraction of time when the sky is clear.
    P Solar energy potential (the energy delivered by the Sun to the 10% of the
    currently unused land) expressed either in in trillion watt-hours per year (TWh/y)
    or in exajoules per year (EJ/y).
    -- 1% of earth unused surface is sufficient for 4 times the required global energy.
    Dyson Sphere!!! 1959 Journal of Science

    Polytechnic Institute of NYU 4


    Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL)

    Sustainable Energy Technology

    Polytechnic Institute of NYU 5


    Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL)

    Smart Grid Distributed Generation System (DGS)

    Smart Grid: Power Grid + Local Generation + Cyber (Internet) + Intelligent Fault-
    Tolerant Distributed Control + Real-Time Pricing
    Polytechnic Institute of NYU 6
    Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL)

    Monitoring and Anomaly Detection

    Extensive sensor deployment (voltage, current, power,


    temperature, pressure, wind, etc.)

    Intelligent autonomous messaging between components to enable


    adaptive and efficient ahead-of-time response

    Detection of anomalies, stress/failure conditions, and intrusion


    attacks

    Real-time observer based on dynamic models of expected feasible


    behavior of the interconnected smart grid
    Detection of deviations from expected behavior
    Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL)

    Distributed Generation System Architecture

    Polytechnic Institute of NYU 8


    Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL)

    Control Design
    Power quality optimization mix of multiple objectives
    Real-time decentralized and cooperative control schemes
    synchronization over wide geographical areas through large number
    of geo-referenced phasor measurement units
    FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System) devices for
    implementation of smart switching controllers
    Control loops at multiple levels
    microgrid, local, regional, national
    distributed generation units and PHEVs (Plug-in Hybrid Electric
    Vehicle)
    complex multi-agent system
    Real-time metering for peak leveling economics of real-time
    pricing closely linked to control and switching strategies
    Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL)

    Large-Scale Systems and Distributed Control

    Grid integration, interaction, and


    scheduling
    Decentralized disturbance
    attenuation
    Reduction of total harmonic
    distortion
    Switching between island and
    connected modes
    Failure/anomaly detection and fail-
    safe algorithms
    Voltage-frequency control

    Polytechnic Institute of NYU 10


    Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL)

    Intermittent Power Sources


    Various green energy sources such as solar and wind power are
    time-varying
    Stochastic models for intermittent energy sources over different
    time scales
    Adaptive forecasting of energy generation profiles extrapolated
    from time history of sensor data
    Anticipatory smart switching control algorithms for efficient load
    matching

    Storage devices for asynchronous matching of the load dispatching


    with the power generation
    Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL)

    Benefits of Distributed Generation Systems


    Installation near to the local loads.
    Power losses of distribution network
    can be reduced by reducing the power
    flow in the transmission lines.
    On-site standby power systems during
    grid outages
    Peak load shaving
    Modular structure makes system
    expansion easy, e.g., fuel cell-micro
    turbine or micro turbine-battery
    systems.
    Combined heat and power (CHP)
    applications.

    Polytechnic Institute of NYU 12


    Mechatronics/Green Research Laboratory (MGRL)

    Key Research Areas


    Smart Grid Architecture
    Cyber Security
    Modeling and Control
    Smart Metering and Pricing

    Challenges
    Highly variable supply patterns stochastic problem
    Efficient distributed algorithms required to process massive amounts of data for real-
    time control
    Adaptive and self-healing control algorithms required for attaining high efficiency,
    reliability, and security of the large-scale distributed system
    Secure protocols, firewall mechanisms, intrusion prevention

    Polytechnic Institute of NYU 13

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