The document discusses 3 experiments that examine the effects of concentration, temperature, and catalysts on reaction rates. The experiments show that:
1) Increasing the concentration of reactants increases the reaction rate because there are more collisions between molecules.
2) Increasing temperature increases the reaction rate because molecules move faster and collide more.
3) Catalysts increase the reaction rate by lowering the activation energy without being used up in the reaction. The most effective catalysts are identified for different reactions.
The document discusses 3 experiments that examine the effects of concentration, temperature, and catalysts on reaction rates. The experiments show that:
1) Increasing the concentration of reactants increases the reaction rate because there are more collisions between molecules.
2) Increasing temperature increases the reaction rate because molecules move faster and collide more.
3) Catalysts increase the reaction rate by lowering the activation energy without being used up in the reaction. The most effective catalysts are identified for different reactions.
The document discusses 3 experiments that examine the effects of concentration, temperature, and catalysts on reaction rates. The experiments show that:
1) Increasing the concentration of reactants increases the reaction rate because there are more collisions between molecules.
2) Increasing temperature increases the reaction rate because molecules move faster and collide more.
3) Catalysts increase the reaction rate by lowering the activation energy without being used up in the reaction. The most effective catalysts are identified for different reactions.
The document discusses 3 experiments that examine the effects of concentration, temperature, and catalysts on reaction rates. The experiments show that:
1) Increasing the concentration of reactants increases the reaction rate because there are more collisions between molecules.
2) Increasing temperature increases the reaction rate because molecules move faster and collide more.
3) Catalysts increase the reaction rate by lowering the activation energy without being used up in the reaction. The most effective catalysts are identified for different reactions.
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1/ 4
III.
DATA AND DISCUSSION
1 EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION ON REACTION TIME
Reaction 1: 2I- + S2O82- I2 + 2SO42-
Reaction 2: I2 + 2S2O32- 2I- + S4O62-
Calculate the initial concentrations of I- and S2O82- ions:
Mixture # 5:
[I-] = (VI- x CM I-)/ Vtotal = (4ml x 0.2 mol)/ 25ml = 0.032 mol/L
[S2O82-] = (VS2O82- x CM S2O82-)/ Vtotal = (10ml x 0.1 mol)/25ml = 0.04 mol/L
Mixture Iodide ion (mol/L) Peroxydisulfate (mol/L) Time in seconds
1 0.08 0.04 54
2 0.068 0.04 90
3 0.056 0.04 160
4 0.044 0.04 194
5 0.032 0.04 276
6 0.02 0.04 451
7 0.08 0.034 123
8 0.08 0.028 174
9 0.08 0.022 200
10 0.08 0.016 231
11 0.08 0.01 425
Plotting the concentration of iodide ion versus time: [Note: X axis: time; Y axis: concentrations]. - Mixtures # 1-6: Graph
Comment:
The order of reaction with respect to iodide ion followed: Mixture 1 > 2 > 3 > 4 > 5 > 6
If a greater concentration of reactant atoms and molecules ( concentration of Iodine ion increases and concentration of peroxydisulfate is constant) is present, the greater chance for collisions will occur among them. More collisions mean a higher reactions rate. Thus decreasing the concentration of Iodine in this reactions results in lower reaction rate as well as the time for the reaction is longer.
- Mixtures # 1, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11: Graph
Comments:
The order of reaction with respect to peroxydisulfate ion followed:
Mixture 1 > 7 > 8 > 9 > 10 >11
If a greater concentration of reactant atoms and molecules ( concentration of peroxydisulfate
increases and concentration of Iodine ion is constant) is present, the greater chance for collisions will occur among them. More collisions mean a higher reactions rate. Thus decreasing the concentration of peroxydisulfate in this reactions results in lower reaction rate as well as the time for the reaction is longer.
Room The color The color 1.6s At room temperature, the
temperature changes changes from reaction occurs with the purple to normal conditions colorless 500C The color The color 1.4s When increasing temperature, changes changes from the atoms and molecules of purple to reactants are provided more colorless energy so they move faster and increase the collision 900C The color The color 0.9s among them. Therefore, the changes changes from reaction rate is higher and the purple to less time is consumed colorless
3 EFFECT OF A CATALYST ON THE REACTION RATE
Reaction System: 2H2O2 2H2O + O2
Trial Description Predicted Observation
Explanation of conditions outcome (Reaction rate)
1 + MnCl2 Slow Fast MnCl2 is not a catalyst for this
reaction
2 + MnO2 Very fast Very fast MnO2 is a good catalyst for this reaction
3 + MnO
4 + NaCl Slow Slower than NaCl is not a catalyst for this
MnCl2 reaction
5 + CaCl2 Slow Faster than MnCl2 CaCl2 is not a catalyst for this reaction
6 + Zn Slow Slow Zn is not a catalyst for this
reaction
7 + KNO3 Slow Very slow KNO3 is not a catalyst for this
reaction
8 + Fe(NO3)3 Fast Very fast Fe(NO3)3 is a good catalyst for
this reaction
Comments: The order of catalyst activity: MnO2 > Fe(NO3)3 > CaCl2 > MnCl2 > Zn > KNO3 > NaCl
Catalyst plays role to initiates or accelerates a reaction without itself being affected by reducing the amount of energy required to break and form a new chemical bonds. If we use the right catalyst for the reaction, it will happens faster and less energy is used.
IV. CONCLUSION
After accessing with 3 sub-experiments above, we can know the method to examine the effect of concentration, temperature, and catalyst on the reaction rates. Thus we will able to maintain the reaction, speed up and slow down the reaction rate as well by adding more concentration for the reactants or substances possibly react with the components of the reactions, increasing or decreasing the temperature, and choosing the suitable catalyst for the reactions.
