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Second Invariant Q For A 2D Flow: U X U y V X V y

This document defines the second invariant Q for a 2D flow. It shows that the velocity gradient tensor can be split into symmetric and antisymmetric parts. It then provides the mathematical expression for Q in terms of the velocity components u and v, both in index notation and using the trace. Q is defined as half the difference between the norm of the antisymmetric part and the norm of the symmetric part.

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ebrahem khalid
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112 views1 page

Second Invariant Q For A 2D Flow: U X U y V X V y

This document defines the second invariant Q for a 2D flow. It shows that the velocity gradient tensor can be split into symmetric and antisymmetric parts. It then provides the mathematical expression for Q in terms of the velocity components u and v, both in index notation and using the trace. Q is defined as half the difference between the norm of the antisymmetric part and the norm of the symmetric part.

Uploaded by

ebrahem khalid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Second Invariant Q for a 2D flow

Split the velocity gradient tensor ~u into its symmetric and antisymmetric
parts:
!
u u
~ =
U x
v
y
v = S+
x y

Therefore:

! ! !
1 v 1 u
u
x
u
y
u
x 2 x + u
y 0 2 y v
x
= 1 v
 + 1

x
v v u v v u
x y 2 x + y y 2 y 0

The second invariant Q is defined as:

1
k k2 k S k2

Q=
2
Taking the norm k k as a trace norm, you would get:

1
Tr ( T ) Tr (S S T )

Q=
2
If you do the math (use Maxima, for instance) you would get, in La-
granges notation:

( u y v x )2 ( v x + u y )2 (v x +uy )(vy +u x )
" ! !#
1 4 0 4 + u2x 2
Q= Tr ( v x u y )2
Tr (v x +uy )(vy +u x ) ( v x + u y )2
2 0 + v2y
4 2 4

Which reads:

1h 2 i
Q= vy + 2 uy v x + u2x
2

Miguel Alfonso Mendez, Von Karman Institute

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