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Functions PDF

The document discusses functions and their properties. It defines a function as a relation where each element in the domain has exactly one corresponding element in the range. It provides examples of relations that are and are not functions. It also discusses function notation, domains, ranges, and finding domains of functions defined by expressions or graphs. Examples are provided to illustrate key concepts like determining domains and ranges, and performing operations on functions like addition, subtraction, composition.

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Paolo Naguit
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451 views

Functions PDF

The document discusses functions and their properties. It defines a function as a relation where each element in the domain has exactly one corresponding element in the range. It provides examples of relations that are and are not functions. It also discusses function notation, domains, ranges, and finding domains of functions defined by expressions or graphs. Examples are provided to illustrate key concepts like determining domains and ranges, and performing operations on functions like addition, subtraction, composition.

Uploaded by

Paolo Naguit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FUNCTIONS

Given a relation in x and y, we say y is a function of x if for every element x in the domain, there corresponds exactly
one element y in the range.

Determine which of the relations define y as a function of x.

A.

This relation is defined by the set of ordered pairs . {(1,4) , (2,-1), (3,2)}
If you can notice that for each x in the domain there is only one
corresponding y in the range. Therefore, this relation is a function.
When x = 1, there is only one possibility for y=4
When x=2, there is only one possibility for y = -1
When x = 3, there is only one possibility for y = 2

B.

This relation is defined by the set of ordered pairs {(1,3), (1,4), (2,-1),
(3,-2)}.
When x = 1, there are two possible range elements: y = 3 & y = 4.
Therefore, it is NOT a function.

C.

This relation is defined by the set of ordered pairs: {(1,4), (2,4) & (3,4)}.
When x = 1, there is only one possibility for y = 4.
When x=2, there is only one possibility for y = 4.
When x = 3, there is only one possibility for y = 4

Because each value of x in the domain has only one corresponding y value.
Therefore, this relation is a function.

Here are some examples of functions.


Height is a function of age.
Temperature is a function of date.
Cost of mailing a package is a function of weight.
The number of a circle is a function of its radius.
The price of commodity is a function of the demand for that commodity.
FUNCTION NOTATION, DOMAIN & RANGE
When one dependent quantity is a function of another independent quantity, like when y is a function of x, the
dependent quantity will usually be renamed f of x, written mathematically as f(x).

For example, the equation y = x 2 +1 defines y as a function of x. Using function notation we could rename the y
quantity f(x). Then the equation would read f(x) = x 2 +1.

Domain set of all first components (generally x) of the ordered pairs.


Range set of all second components (generally y) of the ordered pairs.
* When stating the domain and range (of the function), it must be expressed in set-builder notation or in
interval notation.

1. Find the domain and range linking the length of a womans femur to her height {(45.5, 65.5), (48.2, 68.0), (41.8,
62.2), (46.0, 66.0), (50.4, 70.0)}.
Answers:
Domain: {45.5, 48.2, 41.8, 46.0, 50.4}
Range: {65.5, 68.0, 62.2, 66.0, 70.0}

2.Find the Domain & Range.


Answers:
Domain: {-7, 2, 3}
Range: {9}

3. Find the Domain & Range in the Coordinate System.


Answers:
Domain: {2, 1, 0, 1, 2}
Range: {3, 0, 1}

4.Find the Domain & Range given the graph (on the left side)
Answers:
Domain: {x|x is real number & -8 x 8} or [-8,8]
Range: { y|y is real number & -5 x 5} or [-5,5]

5.Find the Domain & Range given the graph (on the right side)
Answers:
Domain: {x|x is real number such that x 0} or [0, )
Range: { y|y is real number } or ( )
I. State the Domain & Range of the following. Then tell whether if it is function or not.
1. 2.

3. 4.

5. 6.

II. Using the principle of function notation, given . Find the ff.
1. 2.
3. 4.
FINDING DOMAINS OF FUNCTIONS
A function is a relation, and it is often necessary to determine its domain and range. To find the domain of a
function defined by keep these guidelines in mind:
Exclude values of x that make the denominator of a fraction zero.
Exclude values of x that make a negative value within a square root.

1. 2.
2x - 1 = 0 c+40
X = must be excluded from the value of the c -4
domain.

Interval Notation: (- , ) U ( ) Interval Notation: [-4, )

3. 4.

5. 6.

7. 8.

9. 10.
GRAPH (OF FUNCTIONS)

Source: http://www.shelovesmath.com/algebra/advanced-algebra/parent-graphs-and-transformations/
OPERATION ON FUNCTIONS

1. If and find each of the following

a. (f + g)(x) b. (f - g)(x)

c. (fg)(x) d. ( )(x)

e. f(12) g. g (-20)

2. If and . Find each of the following:

a. (f + g)(x) b. (f - g)(x)

c. (fg)(x) d. ( )(x)

e.(f+g)(3) f. f(3)

g. g(4) - f(2) h. (f-g)(5)


1. Given and . Find each of the following:
a. f o g b. g o f

c. f o f d. g o g

e. (g o f)( 6) f. (f o f)( 3)

2. Given and . Find each of the following:


a. f o g b. g o f

c. f o f d. g o g

e. (g o f)( 6) f. (f o f)( 3)

3.Given and find each of the following


a. f o g b. g o f

c. f o f d. g o g

e. (g o f)( 6) f. (f o f)( 0)

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