Problem statement

Where,
im=jm=30
j1=20
j2=25
j3=10
j4=15
u0=5 m/s
nu=.0025 m2/s
rho=1000 kg/m3
dt=.001 sec
no. of grids=30
cavity size=30cm x 30cm
convergence criteria=.001
PROGRAM

#include<iostream>
#include<cmath>
#include<fstream>
#include<iomanip>
#include<vector>

using namespace std;

typedef vector <double > vect ;

typedef vector <vect > mat2d ;

//function for convergence

double norm(mat2d& a,mat2d& b,int n)

{
double sum=0;
for(int i=1;i<n;i++)
{
for(int j=1;j<n;j++)
{
if(abs(a[i][j]-b[i][j])>sum)
{
sum=abs(a[i][j]-b[i][j]);
}
}
}
return sum;
}

//function for print

void printmat(mat2d& a,int m,int n)

{
for (int i = 0; i<m ;i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j<n; j++)
{
cout << setw(15)<<a[j][i] ;
}
cout << endl;
}
return;
}
//Boundary conditions

void boundry(mat2d& u,mat2d& v,mat2d& phi,mat2d& w,double dx,int n)

{
double u0=5.0,s=.1;
for(int i=0;i<n+1;i++)
{
u[i][n]=5.0;u[i][0]=0.0;
v[i][n]=0;v[i][0]=0;v[0][i]=0;v[n][i]=0;
}
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
phi[i][n]=s;
}
for(int j=26;j<=n;j++)
{
phi[0][j]=s;
}
for(int j=11;j<=n;j++)
{
phi[n][j]=s;
}
for(int j=1;j<n;j++)
{
u[0][j]=0;u[n][j]=0;
}
for(int i=0;i<n+1;i++)
{
w[0][i]=2.0*(phi[0][i]-phi[1][i])/(dx*dx); //left Boundry condition
w[i][0]=2.0*(phi[i][0]-phi[i][1])/(dx*dx); //bottom boundry condition
w[n][i]=2.0*(phi[n][i]-phi[n-1][i])/(dx*dx);//Right boundry condition
w[i][n]=(2.0*(phi[i][n]-phi[i][n-1])/(dx*dx))-(2.0*u0/dx);//Top boundry condition
}
w[0][0]=w[n][0]=0.0;
w[n][n]=w[n-1][n];w[0][n]=w[1][n];
//at inlet side
for(int j=20;j<=25;j++)
{
v[0][j]=0;
phi[0][j]=(4*phi[1][j]-phi[2][j])/3;
}
for(int j=20;j<=25;j++)
{
u[0][j]=(phi[0][j+1]-phi[0][j-1])/(2*dx);
}
for(int j=20;j<=25;j++)
{
w[0][j]=2*(phi[0][j]-phi[1][j])/(dx*dx)-(u[0][j+1]-u[0][j-1])/(2*dx);
}
//at outlet side
for(int j=5;j<=10;j++)
{
v[n][j]=0;
phi[n][j]=(4*phi[n-1][j]-phi[n-2][j])/3;
}
for(int j=5;j<=10;j++)
{
u[n][j]=(phi[n][j+1]-phi[n][j-1])/(2*dx);
}
for(int j=5;j<=10;j++)
{
w[n][j]=2*(phi[n][j]-phi[n][j])/(dx*dx)-(u[n][j+1]-u[n][j-1])/(2*dx);
}
return ;
}

// main function
int main()
{
int n,k;
double dx,c1,c2,c3,c4,mu,nor,nor1,dt,rho;
cout<<"Grid:\n";
cin>>n;
mat2d phi(n+1,vect(n+1)),u(n+1,vect(n+1)),v(n+1,vect(n+1)),w(n+1,vect(n+1)),
w1(n+1,vect(n+1)),phi1(n+1,vect(n+1)),p(n+1,vect(n+1)),p1(n+1,vect(n+1));
// considering cavity of 30*30 cm^2, & other properties of fluid (here water)
// kinematic viscosity = 0.0025 Pa-sec & density = 1000 kg/m3
dx=0.3/(n);dt=0.001;
mu=0.0025;rho=1000;

//initialization of variable
for(int i=0;i<n+1;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<+1;j++)
{
w[i][j]=phi[i][j]=v[i][j]=u[i][j]=0;
}
}
boundary(u,v,phi,w,dx,n);
phi1=phi;
w1=w;
do
{
//Stream function calculations
// convegence criteria 1e-3.
do
{
for(int i=1;i<n;i++)
{
for(int j=1;j<n;j++)
{
phi[i][j]=(phi1[i+1][j]+phi[i-1][j]+phi1[i][j+1]+phi[i][j-1]+w[i][j]*dx*dx)/4.0;
}
}
nor1=norm(phi,phi1,n);
phi1=phi;
}
while(nor1>1e-3);

//velocity calculation

boundry(u,v,phi,w,dx,n);
for(int i=1;i<n;i++)
{
for(int j=1;j<n;j++)
{
u[i][j]=(phi[i][j+1]-phi[i][j-1])/(2.0*dx);
v[i][j]=(phi[i-1][j]-phi[i+1][j])/(2.0*dx);
}
}
//vorticity calculation
// convergence citeria 1e-3.
for(int i=1;i<n;i++)
{
for(int j=1;j<n;j++)
{
c1=u[i][j]*(w[i+1][j]-w[i-1][j])/(2.0*dx);
c2=v[i][j]*(w[i][j+1]-w[i][j-1])/(2.0*dx);
c3=mu*(w[i+1][j]+w[i-1][j]-2*w[i][j])/(dx*dx);
c4=mu*(w[i][j+1]+w[i][j-1]-2*w[i][j])/(dx*dx);
w[i][j]=w[i][j]+dt*(c3+c4-c1-c2);
}
}

nor=norm(w,w1,n+1);
w1=w;
cout<<"nor"<<nor<<"\n nor1 "<<nor1<<endl;
}
while(nor>1e-3) ;

//Pressure calculation
do
{
for(int i=1;i<n;i++)
{
for(int j=1;j<n;j++)
{
c1=(u[i+1][j]-u[i-1][j])/(2.0);
c1=pow(c1,2);
c2=(v[i][j+1]-v[i][j-1])/(2.0);
c2=pow(c2,2);
c3=2.0*(u[i][j+1]-u[i][j-1]+v[i+1][j]-v[i-1][j])/4.0;
c4=(p1[i+1][j]+p[i-1][j]+p1[i][j+1]+p[i][j-1]);
p[i][j]=(rho*(c1+c2+c3)+c4)/4.0;
}
}
nor=norm(p,p1,n+1);
cout<<"pressure : "<<nor<<endl;
p1=p;
}
while(nor>1e-3) ;
ofstream ab,vel;
ab.open("cavity.dat",ios::trunc|ios::binary|ios::out);
vel.open("velocity.dat",ios::trunc|ios::binary|ios::out);
 for(int i=0;i<n+1;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<n+1;j++)
{
ab<<setw(5)<<i<<setw(5)<<j<<setw(15)<<w[i][j]<<setw(15)<<phi[i][j]<<setw(15
)<<p[i][j]<<endl;
vel<<setw(5)<<i<<setw(5)<<j<<setw(15)<<u[i][j]<<setw(15)<<v[i][j]<<endl;
}
ab<<endl;vel<<endl;
}
cout<<"\n\n\n";

// velocity at y=15
for(int i=0;i<n+1;i++)
{
cout<<i<<"\t\t"<<v[i][14]<<endl;
}
cout<<endl;
// velocity at y=15
for(int j=0;i<n+1;j++)
{
cout<<j<<"\t\t"<<u[14][j]<<endl;
}
return 0;
}
result

velocity profile at x=14

35

30

25
distance from bottom

20

15

10

0
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
velocity

velocity profile at y=15

0.5

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
-0.5
velocity

-1

-1.5

-2

-2.5
distance
 velocity profile lid x=15
35

30

25

20
distance

15

10

0
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
velocity

velocity y=15 lid

1.5

0.5

0
velocity

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
-0.5

-1

-1.5

-2
distance
Pressure variation with inlet and outlet

Pressure variation in lid driven

Stream function inlet and outlet case

Stream function lid driven

 velocity vector inlet and outlet case

velocity vector lid driven case

Reference:
Computational fluid dynamics vol 1 by Hoffmann