En10272 PDF
En10272 PDF
En10272 PDF
BRITISH STANDARD BS EN
10272:2000
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ICs 77.140.30
Summary of pages
This document comprises a h n t cover, an inside h n t cover, the EN title page,
pages2 to 39 and a back cover.
The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document i n d i e when the document
waslastissued.
beenpzeparedderthe
ctireetionoftheEngineeling AmdNo. Date Comments
SectorCmuniittee,waspubished
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into &ect on 16 December 2000
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ISBNOM#) 889992
EN 10272
NORME EUROPEENNE
EUROPhSCHE NORM October 2000
English version
CEN members are bound to comply with the CENICENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this Europan
Standard the status of a national standardwithout any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographicalreferences concerning sich national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
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This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by traislation
under the responsibilityof a CEN member Into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as tie official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
O 2000 CEN Ail rights of exploitation in any form and by any means resewed Ref. No. EN 10272:2000 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope 5
2 Normative references 5
5 Calculation of mass 6
6 Designation 6
8 Classification of grades 8
9 Requirements
9.1 Steelmaking process
9.2 Delivery condition
9.3 Chemical composition
9.4 Corrosion resistance
9.5 Mechanical properties
9.6 Surface quality
9.7 Internal soundness
10 Testing 10
10.1 General 10
10.2 Type and content of inspection documents 10
10.3 Tests to be carried out 11
10.4 Extent of testing 11
10.5 Sampling and preparation of samples and test pieces 11
10.6 Test methods 11
10.7 Re-tests 13
11 Marking 13
Bibliography 39
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Page 4.
EN 10272:2000
Foreword
This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ECISSDT 22. Steels for pressure
purposes - Qualities, and ECISS/TC 23/SC 1, Stainless steels, the Secretariat of which is held by
Normenausschu Eisen und Stahl (FES) im DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 200 1,and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by April 200 1.
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive@), see informative annex ZAYwhich is an integral part of this
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standard.
Annex D contains national A-deviations speciQing the restrictions for the application of this
European Standard in Sweden.
NOTE The clauses marked with a point contain information relating to agreements which are to
(0)
be made at the time of ordering. The clauses marked with two points (.o) contain information relating
to agreements which may be made at the time of enquiry and order.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
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Page 5
EN 10272:2000
1 Scope
1.1 This European Standard specifies the technical delivery conditions for hot and cold formed
stainless steel bars for pressure purposes supplied in accordance with one of the process routes and
surface finishes listed in Table 5.
1.2 The general technical delivery conditions specified in EN 10021 apply in addition to the
specifications of this European Standard, unless otherwise specified in this European Standard.
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2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporatesby dated or undated reference, provisions fkom other publications.
These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of these publications apply to
this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references
the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN 10002-1, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test (at ambient temperature)
includingAddendum AC1:1990
EN 10002-5, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 5: Method of test at elevated temperature
EN I S 0 6506-1, Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (IS0 6506-1:1999)
EN 10021, General technical delivery requirements for steel and iron products
EN 10027-1, Designation systems for steels - Part I : Steel names, principal symbols
EN 10204, Metallic products - Types of inspection documents (includes amendment Al: 1995)
EN 10221, Surface quality classes for hot-rolled bars and rods - Technical delivery conditions
EN IS0 377, Steel and steel products - Location and preparation of samples und test pieces for
mechanical testing (IS0 3 77:1997)
prEN 10168:2000,Iron and steel products - Inspection documents - List of information and description
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Page 6 it
EN 102722000
EN IS0 365 1-2, Determination of resistance to intergranular corrosion of stainless steels - Part 2:
Ferritic, austenitic andferritic-austenitic (duplex) stainless steels - Corrosion test in media containing
suljkric acid (IS0 3651-2:1998)
IS0 14284, Steel and iron - Sampling andpreparation of samples for the determination of chemical
composition
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 10052, EN 10079,
EN 10088-1 and the following shall apply.
3.1
purchaser
person or organization that orders products in accordance with this standard. The purchaser is not
necessarily, but may be, a manufacturer of pressure equipment in accordance with the EU Directive
listed in annex ZA. Where a purchaser has responsibilities under this EU Directive, this standard will
provide a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the Directive so identified in
annex ZA
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The dimensions and the tolerances on dimensions are to be agreed at the time of enquiry and order, as
far as possible with reference to the dimensional standards listed in annex C.
5 Calculation of mass
When calculatingthe nominal mass fiom the nominal dimensions, the values given in Ei" 10088-1 shall
be used as a basis for the density of the steel concerned.
6 Designation
The steel names are allocated in accordance with EN 10027-1; the steel numbers are allocated in
accordance with EN 10027-2.
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Page 7
EN 10272:2000
The complete order of a product as specified in this European Standard shall include the following
information:
c) the number of the European Standard specifying the tolerances on dimensions, shape and mass (see
clause 4) and, if the relevant European Standard permits the purchaser certain options, e.g. regarding
tolerance classes, specific information on these aspects;
EXAMPLE 10 t rounds of a steel grade with the name X5CrNil8-10 and the number 1.4301 as specified in
EN 10272 of 50 mm diameter, dimensional tolerances as specified in prEN 10060:2000, in process route 1D
(see Table 5), inspection document 3.1.B as specified in EN 10204:
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or
7.2 Options
A number of options are specified in this European Standard and these are listed below. If the purchaser
does not indicate his wish to implement any of these options marked with 2 points (.o) at the
corresponding subclauses, the supplier shall supply in accordance with the basic specification of this
standard (see 7.1):
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b) verification of product analysis (see 9.3.2 and Table 13);
c) verification of tensile properties at elevated temperature (see 9.5.2, 10.6.3 and Table 13);
d) verification of impact properties of austenitic steels at room temperature (see 9.5.1, 10.6.4 and
Table 13);
e) verification of impact properties at low temperature (see 9.5.1, 10.6.4 and Table 13);
f ) verification of resistance to intergranular corrosion (see 9.4, 10.6.5 and Table 13);
8 Classification of grades
Steels covered by this European Standard are classified according to their metallographic structure into:
-ferritic steels;
-martensitic steels;
-austenitic steels;
9 Requirements
Unless a special steeimalung process is agreed at the time of enquiry and order, the steelmaking p e s s
for steels in accordance with this European Standard shall be at the discretion of the mandacturer.
9.2 Deliverycondition
The products shall be supplied in the delivery condition agreed in the order by reference to the process
route given in Table 5 and, where different alternatives exist, to the treatment conditions given in
Tables 6 to 8 (see also annex A).
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Page 9
EN 10272:2000
9.3.1 The chemical composition requirements given in Tables 1 to 3 apply in respect of the chemical
composition according to the cast analysis.
9.3.2 ** The product analysis shall not deviate fi-om the limiting values for the cast analysis as
specified in Tables 1 to 3 by more than the values given in Table 4.
** Referring to resistance to intergranular corrosion as defined in EN I S 0 365 1-2, for austenitic and
austenitic-ferritic steels the specifications in Tables 7 and 8 apply.
NOTE 1 EN IS0 365 1-2 is not applicable for testing martensitic steels.
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NOTE 2 The corrosion resistance of stainless steels is very dependent on the type of environment and can
therefore not always be clearly ascertained through laboratory tests. It is therefore advisable to draw on the
available experience of the use of the steels.
9.5.1 The tensile properties at room temperature and the impact energy at room and at low
temperatures as specified in Tables 6 to 8 apply for the relevant specified heat treatment condition.
NOTE Austenitic steels are insensitive to brittle fracture in the solution annealed condition. Because they do
not have a pronounced transition temperature, which is characteristic of other steels they are also useful for
application at cryogenic temperatures.
9.5.2 The values in Tables 9 to 11 apply for the 0,2 % and, Table 10 only, for the 1 % proof strength
at elevated temperatures. For austenitic steels, the values given in Table 12 apply for the tensile
strength at elevated temperatures.
Tensile strength values at elevated temperatures for austenitic-ferritic steels are given for guidance in
annex B.
If more exact requirements for the surface quality are necessary, these shall be agreed at the time of
enquiry and order, where appropriate, on the basis of EN 10221.
For the internal soundness, where appropriate, requirements together with the conditions for their
verification shall be agreed at the time of enquiry and order.
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Page 10
EN 10272:2000
10 Testing
!
10.1 0. General
The manufacturer shall carry out appropriate process control, inspection and testing to assure himself
that the delivery complies with the requirements of the order.
-an appropriate frequency and type of test to ensure that the correct grade of steel is used.
The nature and frequency of these verifications, examinations and tests are determined by the
manufacturer, in the light of the degree of consistency that has been determined. In view of this,
verifications by specific tests for these requirements are not necessary unless otherwise agreed.
10.2.1 The compliance with the requirements of the order shall be checked for products in accordance
with this European Standard by specific inspection. The purchaser shall specifj the type of inspection
document according to EN 10204 at the time of enquiry and order.
10.2.2 The inspection document shall contain, in accordance with prEN 10168:2000, the following
information:
a) the infixmation blocks A, B and Z; the tempering temperature shall also be given in the case of
quenched and tempered products;
e) the results of the tensile test at room temperature in accordance with boxes C O0 to C 03 and
C 1OtoC 13;
d) except for austenitic steels, the results of the impact test at room temperature in accordance with
boxes C O0 to C 03 and C 40 to C 43;
e) the result of the visual examination of the products (see information Block D);
f ) if one or severai of the following options have been agreed at the time of enquiry and order, the
relevant information on:
c) tests specially agreed at the time of enquiry and order (see 7.2).
The tests to be carried out, either mandatorily (m) or by agreement (o) and the composition and size
of the test units, and the number of sample products, samples and test pieces to be taken are given in
Table 13.
10.5.1 Sampling and sample preparation shall be in accordance with the requirements of I S 0 14284
and EN IS0 377. In addition, the requirements in 10.5.2 shall apply to the mechanical tests.
10.5.2 The samples shall be taken in accordance with Figures 1 and 2 for the tensile test at room
temperature, the impact test and the tensile test at elevated temperatures.
10.5.3 If, following agreement (see 9.2), the products are not to be delivered in the heat treated
condition, the samples shall be heat treated prior to the test.
10.6.1 Unless otherwise agreed at the time of enquiry and order, the choice of a suitable physical or
chemical analytical method for the product analysis shall be at the discretion of the manufacturer. In
cases of dispute, the analysis shall be carried out by a laboratory approved by both parties. In this case,
O BSI 12-2000
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10.6.2 The tensile test at room temperature shall be carried out as described in EN 10002-1, generally
using a proportional test piece of gauge length LO= 5,65 ,&' (SO= cross-sectional area of the test
piece).
The tensile strength and elongation after hcture shall be determined and additionally for ferritic,
martensitic and austenitic-ferritic steels the 0,2 %-proof strength and for austenitic steels the
0,2 %- and 1 %-proof strength.
10.6.3 ** The tensile test at elevated temperatures shall be determined as described in EN 10002-5 at
a temperature to be agreed at the time of enquiry and order.
If the tensile properties shall be verified, the 0,2 % proof strength shall be verified for ferritic and
martensitic steels. For austenitic-ferritic steels, the 0,2 %-proof strength and the tensile strength shall
be determined. In case of austenitic steels, the 0,2 %-proof strength, the 1 %-proof s t r e n a and the
tensile strength shall be determined.
Unless otherwise agreed, testing shall be carried out at the highest temperature for which the value is
specified in the relevant table.
10.6.4 ** The impact test on V-Notch test pieces shall be carried out as described in EN 10045-1.
The minimum impact values apply for the mean of three test pieces. One individual value may be lower
than the specified value provided that it is not less than 70 % of this value.
If the above conditions are not met, an additional set of three test pieces shall be taken fiom the same
specimen and shall be tested In order to regard the test unit as acceptable after testing the second set,
the following requirements shall also be met:
a) the mean value of six tests shall be greater thafi or equal to the specified minimum value;
b) not more than two of the six individual values shall be less than the specified minimum value;
c) not more than one of the six individual values shall be less than 70 % of the specified minimum
value.
If these requirements are not met, the sample product shall be rejected and re-tests shall be carried out
on the remainder of the test unit.
10.6.5 ** The resistance to intergranular corrosion shall be tested in accordance with EN IS0 365 1-2.
10.6.6 The Brinell hardness test shall be carried out in accordance with EN IS0 6506-1
10.6.7 Dimensions and dimensional tolerances of the products shall be tested in accordance with the
requirements of the relevant dimensional standards, where available.
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Page 13
EN 10272:2000
10.7 Re-tests
See EN 10021.
11 Marking
11.1 The products or the bundle or boxes shall be marked in a suitable way such that it is possible to
determine the cast, the steel grade and the origin of the delivery (see Table 14).
11.2 Special marking may be agreed at the time of enquiry and order.
Dimensions in millimetres
I 19 R
Jdl
Impact a 15Sd225
q 25 < d I 160
12.5
bi25
a2b
25 < b I160
a2b
rectangular cross-section, the axis of the notch is perpendicular to the greatest rolled surface.
Figure 1 - Position of test pieces for steel bars I 160 mm diameter or thickness
(longitudinal test pieces)
tr
tr transverse
Figure 2 - Position of test pieces for steel bars > 160 m m diameter or thickness
(transverse test pieces)
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STD-BSI BS EN L0272-ENGL 2000 Lb24bb9 0888788 787
Page 19
EN 10272:2000
Table 5 - Type of process route and surface finish *
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(peeled), lE, ID or 1X
mechanically
smoothed
Special 1G or 2G Centreless ground Uniform finish. Type Surface roughness can be specified. Finish
finishing and degree of for close ISO-tolerances. Normally
processes grinding to be agreed obtained from material in finishes lE, lD,
2H or 2B. Tolerance I IT 8
1P or 2P Polished Smoother and Surface roughness can be specified. Finish
brighter than for close ISO-tolerances. Normally
finish 1G or 2G. Type obtained from material in finishes lE, lD,
and degree of 2B, lG, 2G or 2H. ToleranceIIT 11 c g
polishing to be agreed
a
Not all process routes and surface finishes are available for all steels.
b
First digit, 1 hot formed, 2 cold processed.
C
On ferritic, austenitic and austenitic-ferriticgrades, the heat treatment may be omitted if the conditions for hot forming
and subsequentcooling are such that the requirementsfor the mechanical properties of the product and the resistance to
intergranularcorrosion are obtained.
d
The type of cold processing, e. g. cold drawing, turning, or centreless grinding, is left to the manufacturer's discretion,
provided that the requirementsconcerningtolerances on dimensionsand surface roughness are respected.
C
The notes contain information concerningtolerances for bright bars; special agreements are necessary if such
information should become obligatory. The given standard tolerance grades IT are taken from IS0 286-1 (see annex C).
f
For information.
-
e Specific tolerance within the ranges shall be agreed upon at the time of enquiry and order.
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Page 26
EN 10272:2000
-
Table 9 Minimum values for the 0,Z YOproof strength of ferritic and
martensitic steels at elevated temperatures
treatment
Heat
condition a
I Minimum 0,2 % proof strength (N/mm2)
at a temperature (in OC) of
R ~ o Jmin
,
name number 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
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Page 28
EN 10272:2000
Table 11 - Minimum values for the 0,2 % proof strength of austenitic-ferritic steels
at elevated temperatures in the solution annealed condition (see Table A.3)
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Page 30
EN 10272:2000
Table 13 - Tests to be carried out, test units and extent of testing in specific testing
Chemical analysis I I
m Cast The cast analysis is provided
by the manufacturer
samule
I1
Tensile test at elevated Oe To be agreed at the time of 1
ternrierature enauirv and order
Impact test at low To be agreed at the time of
; :ne and order
Resistance to intergranular To be agreed at the time of
corrosion en ui andorder
Tests marked with a m (mandatory) shall be carried out as specific tests. In all cases,
those marked with an O (optional) shall be carried out as specific tests only if agreed
at the time of ordering.
A product analysis may be agreed at the time of ordering; unless otherwise agreed, one
test piece per cast shall be taken for determining the elements indicated with numerical
values for the particular steel grade in Tables 1 to 3.
Each batch consists of products coming from the same cast. The products must have
been subject to the same heat treatment cycle in the same h a c e . In the case of a
continuous h a c e or in process annealing a batch is the lot heat treated without
intermission with the same process parameters.
The shape and size of cross-sections of products in a single batch may be different
providing that the ratio of the largest to the smallest areas shall be equal or less than
three.
Optional for austenitic steels.
e
Unless otherwise agreed, testing shall be carried out at the highest temperature for
which the value is specified in the relevant table.
For steels for use at low temueratures.
Marking of Symbol a
Manufacturers name, trade mark or logo +
Steel name or number +
Cast number +
Identification number +
Inspectors mark +
a
The symbol + means that the marking shall be applied.
The numbers or letters used for identification shall allow the product(s) to be related to
the relevant inspection certificate or inspection report and to this European Standard.
~~
STD.BS1 BS EN 10272-ENGL 2000 Lb24669 0 8 8 8 8 0 1 T 4 0 =
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EN 10272:2000
Annex A
(informative)
A.l The guidelines given in Tables A.l to A.3 are intended for hot forming and heat treatment.
A.2 Flame cutting may adversely affect edge areas; where necessary, they should be machined.
A.3 As the corrosion resistance of stainless steels is only ensured with a metallically clean surface,
layers of scale and annealing colours produced during hot forming, heat treatment or welding
should be removed as far as possible before use. Finished parts made of ferritic and martensitic
steels with a minimum of 10,5 % Cr also require the best surface condition (e.g. polished) in order
to achieve maximum resistance to corrosion.
Table A . l - Guidelines on the temperatures for hot forming and heat treatment a of ferritic
-
and martensitic stainless steels
Xi2Crl3 1.4006
- I
745 to 825 air r-
950to 1 O00 oil, air 580 to 780
1 O00
680 to 800 hm.,
air
to
X17CrNi16-2 I .4057 cooling
+QT800 950 to 1 050 750 to 800 +
800 I Oil1air 650 to 700
~~~~
950 to 1 050 oil, air 600 to 650
600 to 650 fum.,
air
+PT650 950 to 1 050 oil, air 650 to 700 +
X3CrNiMo13-4 1.4313 600 to 620
I
p
+QT780 950 to 1 050 oil, air 550 to 600
1150
+QT900 950 to 1 050 oil, air 520 to 580
to
air 600 to 650 air,
900 frn.
X4CrNiMo16-5-1 1.4418
950 to 1 050 oil, air 590 to 620 e
- 950t 1050 oil, air 550 to 620
The temperatures of annealing, quenching and tempering shall be agreed for simulated heat-treated test pieces.
Double annealing might be advisable.
in the case that the nickel is at the lower side of the range specified in Table I, a single tempering at 620 to 72OOC may be sufficient.
Tempering after martensitic transformation.
Either 2 x 4 h or i x 8 h as minimum time.
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Q BSI 12-2000
Table A.2 - Guidelines on the temperatures for hot forming and heat treatmenta
of austenitic stainless steels
=i
X2CrNiMo17-12-2 1.4404 1020to 1120
X2CrNiMoN 17-11-2 1.4406 1 020 to 1 120
water,
XSCrNiMol7-12-2 1.440 1 1200 1 020 to 1 120 air
to air +AT
X6CrNiMoTi 17- 12-2 1.457 1 900 1 020 to 1 120
X2CrNiMo17-12-3 1.4432 1 020 to 1 120
X2CrNiMol8- 14-3 1.4435 1 020 to 1 120
X2CrNiMoN17-13-5 1.4439 1 020 to 1 120
XlNiCrMoCu25-20-5 1.4539
X6CrNiNbl8-10 1.4550 1 150 to 850
X6CrNiMoNb17-12-2 1.4580 1150to850 1 020 to 1 120
X2CrNiMoN17- 13-3 1.4429 1020 to 1 120
1 200 to 900
X3CrNiMol7- 13-3 1.4436 1 0 2 0 to 1 120
1050 to 1 150
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1 140 to 1 200
1 120 to 1 180
a
The temperatures of solution annealing shall be agreed for simulated heat-treated test pieces.
The solution annealing may be omitted, if the conditions for hot working and subsequent cooling are
such that the requirements for the mechanical properties of the product and the resistance to intergranular
corrosion as defined in IS0 365 1-2 are obtained and maintained after an additional solution annealing.
The lower end of the range specified for solution annealing should be aimed at for heat treatment as part
of further processing, because otherwise the mechanical properties might be affected. If the temperature
of hot forming does not drop below the lower temperature for solution annealing, a temperature of
980 "C is adequate as lower limit for Mo-free steels, a temperature of 1 O00 OC for steels with Mo
contents up to 3 % and a temperature of 1 020 "C for steels with Mo contents exceeding 3 %.
Cooling sufficiently rapid.
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EN 10272:2000
Table A.3 - Guidelines on the temperatures for hot forming and heat treatment' of
austenitic-ferritic stainless steels
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EN 10272:2000
Annex B
(informative)
Preliminary reference data for the tensile strength of austenitic-ferritic steels at elevated
temperatures
Table B.1- Minimum values for the tensile strength of austenitic-ferritic steels at elevated
temperatures in the solution annealed condition (see A.3)
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~-
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EN 10272:2000
Annex C
(informative)
prEN 10058:2000,Hot rolledgat steel barsfor general purposes - Dimensions and tolerances on
shape and dimensions
prEN 10059:2000, Hot rolled square steel barsfor generalpurposes - Dimensions and tolerances
on shape and dimensions
prEN 10060:2000,Hot rolled round steel bars - Dimensions and tolerances on shape and
dimensions
prEN 10061:2000, Hot rolled hexagon steel bars - Dimensions and tolerances on shape and
dimensions
Annex D
(informative)
National A-deviations
A-deviation: National deviati ns due to regulations, the alteration of which is for the time b-ing
outside the competence of the CENKENELEC member.
In the relevant CENKENELEC countries these A-deviations are valid instead of the provisions of
the European Standard until they have been removed. This A-deviation becomes however invalid
when the EU Directive 97/23/EC comes generally into force, at latest 2002-05-30.
Swedish national legislative deviations on stainless steel bars for pressure purposes in
accordance with EN 10272.
This European Standard is, partly not considering the specific requirements laid down in Ordinance
AFS 1994-3g1), in conflict with the Swedish regulatory system which only accepts steels for which
the specific properties are adequately validated and documented in Sweden. Only the following
grades (given by the steel numbers) are therefore accepted for use in Sweden.
) AFS is the abbreviation for the set of ordinances of the Swedish National Board of Occupational Safety and
Health.
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EN 10272:2000
Annex ZA
(informative)
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European
Commission and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC.
Warning: Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s)
falling within the scope of this European Standard.
The clauses of this European Standard are likely to support the essential requirements of section 4
of annex 1, ?Essential safety requirements? of the Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC (but see
Table 6, footnote e).
Compliance with this European Standard provides one means of conforming with the specific
essential requirements of the Directive concerned.
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Bibliography
EN 10269, Steels and nickel alloys for fasteners with specified elevated a d o r low temperature
properties
EN 10273, Hot rolled weldable steel bars for pressure purposes with specified elevated
temperature properties
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BS EN
10272:2000
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