Is a process by which a firm identifies its critical success factors, studies the best
practices of other firms ( or other business units within the firm ) for achieving these
critical success factors, and then implements improvements in the firms processes to
match or beat the performance of those competitors.
8.Business Process Improvement
* Is a management method by which managers and workers commit to a program of
continuous improvement in quality and other critical success factors.
* While BPI is an incremental method, Business Process Reengineering (BPR) is
more radical.
* BPR is a method for creating competitive advantage in which a firm reorganizes its
operating and management functions, often with the result that positions are
modified, combined, or eliminated.
9. Total Quality Management ( TQM )
* Is a technique by which management develops policies and practices to ensure that
the firms products and services exceed customers expectations.
* Cost management is used to analyze the cost consequences of different design
choices for TQM and to measure and report the many aspects of quality.
10. Lean Accounting
* uses value streams to measure the financial benefits of a firms progress in
implementing lean manufacturing.
* Lean accounting places the firms products and services into value streams, each of
which is a group of related products or services.
11. The Theory of Constraints ( TOC )
* Is used to help firms effectively improve the rate at which raw materials are
converted to finished products.
* The TOC helps identify and eliminate bottlenecks which places where partially
completed products tend to accumulate as they wait to be processed in the
production process.
12. Enterprise Sustainability
* Means the balancing of the companys short- and long-term goals in all three
dimensions of performance which are : social, environmental, and financial.
* We view it in the broad sense to include identifying and implementing ways to
reduce cost and increase revenue as well as to maintain compliance with social and
environmental regulations and expectations.
13. Enterprise Risk Management
Is a framework and process that firms use to manage the risks that could negatively
or positively affect the companys competitiveness and success. Risk is considered to
include ( Hazards, financial risk, operating risk and strategic risk ).