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Nodal Method of Circuit Analysis

The document describes the nodal analysis method for solving circuits. It provides an example of using this method to find the current in a branch of a circuit. The key steps are: 1) Assign potentials to nodes, with one node as the reference (zero potential). 2) Write Kirchhoff's current law equations for each node. 3) Solve the equations simultaneously to find the unknown potentials and currents. 4) In this example, the method is used to find the 5A current flowing from node B to D.

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59 views2 pages

Nodal Method of Circuit Analysis

The document describes the nodal analysis method for solving circuits. It provides an example of using this method to find the current in a branch of a circuit. The key steps are: 1) Assign potentials to nodes, with one node as the reference (zero potential). 2) Write Kirchhoff's current law equations for each node. 3) Solve the equations simultaneously to find the unknown potentials and currents. 4) In this example, the method is used to find the 5A current flowing from node B to D.

Uploaded by

mail2sgarg_841221144
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Kamal Upreti STRATEGIES FGR YGU

NODAL METHOD OF
CIRCUIT ANALYSIS
Nodal method is based on Kirchhoff' s junction law. At any
node (or junction) in electrical circuit, S/ = 0 (if will be Ex B'e@D,
Infigure givenbelow, find the current in the
referred as nodal equation). Assign potential of every
junction of circuit taking potential of any one of the
junctions of the circuit as zero (this will be called
reference node or reference junction). Apply nodal
equation to solve for unknown potential introduced in the
circuits. Current in nodal equation will be written using ~~~
the resistor equation, i,e. / = -V.
^ R

EExameOThe resistances and batteries are connected


as shown in figure. The potentials at points B, C, D and
E are assigned as shown. Find the potential at point A .
B20 V

2W

15 V

+10 V~ -50 V
IW 20 2W 5V

-30 V

Sol. Let potential at A be x. Applying Kirchhoffs current law at


junction A, we get
(x - 20) - 10 + (x - 15) - 20 + x - (- 45) + x - (- 30) = 0
1 2 2 1

)12(2- )= 4 A]
!2 ^2 B

(2x - 60) + (x - 35) + (x + 45) + (2x + 60) ^


or ` ` ' ` '--- U
2 =

=> 6x + 10 = 0 => x -
= 3

Hence potential at A is V.
3

44 FEBRUARY2016
STRATEGIES FOR YOU_

H_-Oen ~ ~ o 12 = I1 + 13' eOFind the current in each wire.


Hence, current in wire BD will be 4 A.
III. Let us assume the potential of point B and
D be 0 V and xV, respectively. Then, the
potential at different points can be
assigned as shown in figure.

Sol. Given, el - 50 V, e2 = 40 V

e3 = 30 V, e4 = 10 V
Rl - 2 W, R2 - 2 W, R3 - IW
Let potential at point A be 0 volts, then potential of other points as
shown in the figure. Analysis of current in different branches are shown in
the figure.
\4 + (I1+/2) - 13
14 = \3 - (Ii + /2)
14 = 40 - (20 + 15)
A __
At node D, l1 + 12 + /3 = O

(x + 20) + (x - 10) + (x - 10) = O ~1+I,2

5 2 5

|3 = ( x-_10] = 5 - 10 = - 5 V [From D to ~
\\ 2 ) 2 2

or + 5 A current will flow from B to D.


2

Emmc@In the circuit shown in figure, find


the current through the branch BD.
A 63 W C

Using Superposition principle


In superpositionmethod,we can take the effect of one battery at a time. From
figure,it isclear that the effect of two batteries canbe taken by addingthe effect
of individual batteries.
Sol. Let us assume the potential of node D is zero and
the potential of node B be x. Then, we can =,e. ..~~W +
assign the potentials at different nodes as shown
in figure.

___________
",D :'

15 \
r __ 3x3 = O 6x3
'eq 3+3 2- re - 6 + = 2W

and \' - 15 = 2W andI" = 30 = 6 A


At node B, (x -__________________15)
+ x - 30 + (x - )0= O -"F ' 3 - - 3+2
6+ -
6 3 3 _2 _
Hence, _ ,
or 5x - 75 or x - 15V Hence, /1 = l'| |
Hence, current through resistance connected
3 3J 12 =/"||
_L3_+6|
across BD is - 2| I-IA
\ _ 15 - O _ 5 A (from B to D)
I 21 - 61 |- 4A
191
3

FEBRUARY2016 45

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