Android Fragment

A fragment is part of the activity.

activity_main.xml
File: activity_main.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent" >
<fragment
android:id="@+id/fragment2"
android:name="com.example.fragmentexample.Fragment2"
android:layout_width="0px"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1"
/>
<fragment
android:id="@+id/fragment1"
android:name="com.example.fragmentexample.Fragment1"
android:layout_width="0px"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1"
/>
</LinearLayout>
File: fragment1.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:background="#00ff00">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="fragment frist"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />
</LinearLayout>
File: fragment2.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:background="#0000ff"
>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Second Fragment"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />
</LinearLayout>
________________________________________
MainActivity class
File: MainActivity.java
package com.example.fragmentexample;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
}
________________________________________
File: Fragment1.java
package com.example.fragmentexample;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment1,container, false);
}
}
________________________________________
File: Fragment2.java
package com.example.fragmentexample;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class Fragment2 extends Fragment {
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment2,container, false);
}
}
Android Option Menu
Android Option Menus are the primary menus of android. They can be used for sett
ings, search, delete item etc.
Here, we are going to see two examples of option menus. First, the simple option
menus and second, options menus with images.
Here, we are inflating the menu by calling the inflate() method of MenuInflater
class. To perform event handling on menu items, you need to override onOptionsIt
emSelected() method of Activity class.
Android Option Menu Example
Let's see how to create menu in android. Let's see the simple option menu exampl
e that contains three menu items.
activity_main.xml
We have only one textview in this file.
File: activity_main.xml
<RelativeLayout xmlns:androclass="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context=".MainActivity" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/hello_world" />
</RelativeLayout>
menu_main.xml
It contains three items as show below. It is created automatically inside the re
s/menu directory.
File: menu_main.xml
<menu xmlns:androclass="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<item android:id="@+id/item1"
android:title="Item 1"/>
<item android:id="@+id/item2"
android:title="Item 2"/>
<item android:id="@+id/item3"
android:title="Item 3"/>
</menu>
________________________________________
Activity class
This class displays the content of menu.xml file and performs event handling on
clicking the menu items.
File: MainActivity.java
package com.jm.optionmenu;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);//Menu Resource, Menu
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.item1:
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"Item 1 Selected",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show
();
return true;
case R.id.item2:
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"Item 2 Selected",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show
();
return true;
case R.id.item3:
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"Item 3 Selected",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show
();
return true;
default:
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}
}
________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________

Option Menu with Icon

You need to have icon images inside the res/drawable directory. The android:icon
element is used to display the icon on the option menu. You can write the strin
g information in the strings.xml file. But we have written it inside the menu_ma
in.xml file.
File: menu_main.xml
<menu xmlns:androclass="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<item android:id="@+id/item1"
android:icon="@drawable/add"
android:title="Item 1"/>
<item android:id="@+id/item2"
android:icon="@drawable/minus"
android:title="Item 2"/>
<item android:id="@+id/item3"
android:icon="@drawable/delete"
android:title="Item 3"/>
</menu>

Android Context Menu

Android context menu appears when user press long click on the element. It is al
so known as floating menu.
It doesn't support item shortcuts and icons.
Android Context Menu Example
Let's see the simple example of context menu in android.
activity_main.xml
Drag one listview from the pallete, now the xml file will look like this:
File: activity_main.xml
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context=".MainActivity" >
<ListView
android:id="@+id/listView1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_marginLeft="66dp"
android:layout_marginTop="53dp" >
</ListView>
</RelativeLayout>
________________________________________
Activity class
Let's write the code to display the context menu on press of the listview.
File: MainActivity.java
package com.jm.contextmenu;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
ListView listView1;
String contacts[]={"Ajay","Sachin","Sumit","Tarun","Yogesh"};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
listView1=(ListView)findViewById(R.id.listView1);
ArrayAdapter<String> adapter=new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,android.R.layout.simp
le_list_item_1,contacts);
listView1.setAdapter(adapter);
// Register the ListView for Context menu
registerForContextMenu(listView1);
}
@Override
public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenuInfo menuIn
fo)
{
super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
menu.setHeaderTitle("Select The Action");
menu.add(0, v.getId(), 0, "Call");//groupId, itemId, order, title
menu.add(0, v.getId(), 0, "SMS");
}
@Override
public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item){
if(item.getTitle()=="Call"){
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"calling code",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
else if(item.getTitle()=="SMS"){
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"sending sms code",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).sho
w();
}else{
return false;
}
return true;
}
}