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THE KARNATAKA APARTMENT OWNERSHIP ACT, 1972.

ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
Statement of Objects and Reasons:
Sections:
1. Short title, extent and commencement.
2. Application of the Act.
3. Definitions.
4. Status of apartments.
5. Ownership of apartments.
6. Common areas and facilities.
7. Compliance with covenants, bye-laws and administrative provisions.
8. Certain work prohibited.
9. Encumbrances against apartments; removable from, encumbrances, effect of part
payment.
10. Common profits and expenses.
11. Contents of Declaration.
12. Contents of Deeds of Apartments.
13. Declarations, Deeds of Apartments and copies of floor plans to be registered.
14. Removal from provisions of this Act.
15. Removal no bar to subsequent resubmission of property to this Act.
16. Bye-laws and their contents
17. Waiver of use of common areas and facilities; Abandonment of apartment.
18. Separate assessment.
19. Charge on property for common expenses.
20. Joint and several liability of vendor, etc. for unpaid common expenses.
21. Insurance.
22. Disposition of property; destruction or damage.
23. Action.
24. Act to be binding on apartment owners, tenants etc.
25. Power to make rules.
26. Removal of doubt.
27. Severability.
****
STATEMENT OF OBJECTS AND REASONS
Act 17 of 1973.- Consequent upon the shortage of lands in urban areas, the majority of the
citizens of urban areas of the State cannot think in terms of owning houses on individual basis.
Though there is a tendency to construct multi-storeyed flats, apartments and the like on
ownership basis, intending persons cannot purchase flats, tenements, or apartments in multi-
storied building as they will not have a marketable title thereto and cannot obtain any loan by
mortgaging such flats, tenements, etc. Consequently tenements constructed by the Housing
Board for example cannot be sold to the tenants who cannot raise any loan on the security of
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such tenements with the result that an enormous amount of capital will be locked up, which can
be utilised for new constructions to meet the increasing demands for housing. It is, therefore,
considered expedient that each apartment should for all purposes constitute a heritable and
transferable immovable property, and that suitable legislation should provide for all matters
connected therewith. It is felt that such a measure will not only enable many a person to own his
apartment but it will at the same time enable institutions like Housing Boards to utilise their locked
up capital in the construction of new buildings . The following notes on causes explain the
important provisions in the Bill.
Clause 2- By this clause, the provisions of the Act are made applicable only to property, the
sole owner or all of the owners of which submit the same to the provisions of the Act by duly
executing a Declaration as provided in the Act.
Clause 4- Under this clause, each apartment together with its undivided interest in the
common areas and facilities appurtenant to such apartment is constituted for all purposes a
heritable and transferable immovable property.
Clause 5- By this clause, the owner of each apartment is given exclusive ownership and
possession of his apartment and he is required to execute a Declaration that he submits his
apartment to the provisions of the Act and a Deed of Apartment in relation to his apartment;
Clause 6- This clause specifies the common areas and facilities to which each apartment
owner shall be entitled, and prohibits an apartment owner form bringing any action for partition or
division of any part of such common areas, unless the property has been removed from the
provisions of the Act.
The clause further provides for carrying out the work of maintenance, repair and replacement
of the common areas and facilities as provided in the bye-laws.
Clause 7- This clause puts an obligation on each apartment owner to comply strictly with the
bye-laws and with the administrative rules and regulations adopted pursuant thereto and with the
convents, conditions and restrictions set forth in the Declaration or in the Deed to his apartment:
Clause 8- This clause prohibits the apartment owner from doing any work which would
jeopardize the soundness or safety or the property or reduce the values thereof, or from adding
any material structure or excavating any additional basement or cellar without the unanimous
consent of all the other apartment owners being first obtained.
Clause 9- This clause indicates to what extent encumbrances against apartments and
property can arise or be created.
Clause 10- This clause provides for the sharing of the common expenses by the apartment
owners.
Clause 11- This clause mentions the particulars to be included in a Declaration.
Clause 12- This clause mentions the particulars to be included in a Deed of Apartment.
Clause 13- This clause provides for the registration of Declarations, Deeds of Apartments and
copies of floor plans.
Clause 14- This clause provides for the removal of property from the provisions of the Act.
Clause 15- This clause provides that removal is no bar to subsequent resubmission of
property to Act.
Clause 16- This clause provides for bye-laws and their contents.
Clause 17- This clause prohibits waiver of the use of enjoyment of any common areas and
facilities by apartment owners to avoid liability to contribute towards the common expenses.
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Clause 18- This clause provides for separate assessment of each apartment.
Clause 19- This clause constitutes all sums assessed by the Association of Apartment
Owners in respect of any apartment but unpaid, a charge on such apartment.
Clause 20- This clause provides for insuring the property against loss or damage by fire and
such other hazards in certain circumstances.
Clause 22- This clause provides for disposition of property in certain circumstances.
Clause 24. - Under this clause, the Act is made binding on apartment owners, tenants of such
owners, employees of owners and tenants or any other person who may in any manner use
property or any part thereof submitted to the provisions of the Act.
Clause 25- This clause confers rule making power on the State Government.
Clause 26- This clause provides that the Transfer of Property Act shall apply to every
apartment as they apply to any immovable property and contracts to the contrary are over-ridden.
(Published in the Karnataka Gazette Part IV -2A (Extraordinary) No. 579 dated 2-12-1972 at
page 21 to 24. )
****
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1
[KARNATAKA]1 ACT NO. 17 OF 1973
(First published in the 1[Karnataka Gazette]1, Extraordinary on theTwenty-third day of
July, 1973).
THE 1[KARNATAKA]1 APARTMENT OWNERSHIP ACT, 1972.
(Received the assent of the President on the Fourteenth day of July, 1973)
An Act to provide for the ownership of an individual apartment in a building and to
make such apartment heritable and transferable property and for matters connected
therewith.
WHEREAS it is expedient to provide for the ownership of an individual apartment in a
building and to make such apartment heritable and transferable property and to provide
for matters connected therewith;
BE it enacted by the 1[Karnataka]1 State Legislature in the Twenty-third Year of the
Republic of India as follows:-
1. Adapted by the Karnataka Adaptations of Laws Order, 1973 w.e.f. 01.11.1973.

1. Short title, extent and commencement.- (1) This Act may be called the
1
[Karnataka]1 Apartment Ownership Act, 1972.
(2) It extends to the whole of the 1[State of Karnataka]1.
(3) It shall come into force on such 2[date]2 as the State Government may, by
notification in the official gazette appoint.
1. Adapted by the Karnataka Adaptations of Laws Order, 1973 w.e.f. 01.11.1973.
2. Act came into force w.e.f. 1.4.1975 by notification No. FD 28 KHB 75, dated 6.3.1975.

2. Application of the Act.- This Act applies only to property the sole owner or all of
the owners of which submit the same to the provisions of this Act by duly executing and
registering a Declaration as hereinafter provided:
Provided that, no property shall be submitted to the provisions of this Act, unless it is
mainly used, or proposed to be used for residential purposes.
3. Definitions.- In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,-
(a) apartment means a part of the property intended for any type of independent
use, including one or more rooms or enclosed spaces located on one or more floors (or
part or parts thereof) in a building, intended to be used for residential purposes and with
a direct exit to a public street, road or highway or to a common area leading to such
street, road, or highway;
(b) apartment owner means the person or persons owning an apartment and an
undivided interest in the common areas and facilities in the percentage specified and
established in the Declaration;
(c) apartment number means the number, letter, or combination thereof designating
the apartment in the Declaration;
(d) "association of apartment owners" means all of the apartment owners acting as a
group in accordance with the bye-laws and Declaration.
(e) building means a building containing four or more apartments, or two or more
buildings, each containing two or more apartments, with a total of four or more
apartments for all such buildings, and comprising a part of the property;
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(f) common areas and facilities unless otherwise provided in the Declaration or
lawful amendments thereto, means,-
(1) the land on which the building is located;
(2) the foundations, columns, girders, beams, supports, main walls, roofs,
halls, corridors, lobbies, stairs, stairways, fire-escapes ,entrances and exits of the
building;
(3) the basements, cellars, yards, gardens, parking areas and storage spaces;
(4) the premises for the lodging of janitors or persons employed for the
management of the property;
(5) installations of central services, such as power, light, gas, hot and cold
water, heating, refrigeration, air-conditioning and incinerating;
(6) the elevators, tanks, pumps, motors, fans, compressors, ducts and in
general all apparatus and installations existing for common use;
(7) such community and commercial facilities as may be provided for in the
Declaration; and
(8) all other parts of the property necessary or convenient to its existence,
maintenance and safety, or normally in common use;
(g) common expenses means,-
(1) all sums lawfully assessed against the apartment owners by the Association
of Apartment Owners,
(2) expenses of administration, maintenance, repair or replacement of the
common areas and facilities;
(3) expenses agreed upon as common expenses by the bye- laws;
(4) expenses declared as common expenses by the provisions of this Act or by
the Declaration or the bye-laws:
(h) common profits means the balance of all income, rents, profits and revenues
from the common areas and facilities remaining after the deduction of the common
expenses;
(i) competent authority means in relation to building constructed or to be
constructed by the Housing Board, the Secretary of the Housing Board and in any other
case, the Registrar of Co-operative Societies as defined in the Karnataka Co-operative
Societies Act, 1959;
(j) Declaration means the instrument by which the property is submitted to the
provisions of this Act, as hereinafter provided, and such Declaration as form time to time
may be lawfully amended;
(k) Housing Board means the Housing Board constituted under the Karnataka
Housing Board Act, 1962 (Karnataka Act 10 of 1963);
(l) joint family means an undivided Hindu family and in the case of other persons, a
group or unit, the members of which are by custom joint in possession or residence;
(m) limited common areas and facilities means those common areas and facilities
designated in the Declaration as reserved for use of certain apartment or apartments to
the exclusion of the other apartments;
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(n) majority or majority of apartment owners means the apartment owners with
fifty-one per cent or more of the votes in accordance with the percentages assigned in
the Declaration to the apartments for voting purposes;
(o) person includes a joint family ;
(p) "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act;
(q) property means the land, the building, all improvements and structures thereon,
all owned in freehold or held on lease or as occupant under any law relating to land
revenue and all easements, rights and appurtenances belonging thereto, and all articles
of personal property intended for use in connection therewith, which have been, or are
intended to be submitted to the provisions of this Act.
4. Status of apartments.- Each apartment, together with its undivided interest in
the common areas and facilities appurtenant to such apartment, shall for all purposes
constitute heritable and transferable immovable property within the meaning of any law
for the time being in force in the State: and accordingly, an apartment owner may
transfer his apartment and the percentage of undivided interest in the common areas
and facilities appurtenant to such apartment by way of sale, mortgage, lease, gift,
exchange or in any other manner whatsoever in the same manner to the same extent
and subject to the same rights, privileges. obligations, liabilities, legal proceedings and
remedies as any other immovable property, or make a bequest of the same under the
laws applicable to the transfer and succession of immovable property.
5. Ownership of apartments.- (1) Each apartment owner shall be entitled to the
exclusive ownership and possession of his apartment.
(2) Each apartment owner shall execute a Declaration that he submits his apartment
to the provisions of this Act and a Deed of Apartment in relation to his apartment in the
manner prescribed for the purpose.
6. Common areas and facilities.- (1) Each apartment owner shall be entitled to an
undivided interest in the common areas and facilities in the percentage expressed in the
Declaration. Such percentage shall be computed by taking as a basis the value of the
apartment in relation to the value of the property and such percentage shall reflect
limited common areas and facilities.
(2) The percentage of the undivided interest of each apartment owner in the common
areas and facilities as expressed in the Declaration shall have permanent character,
and shall not be altered without the consent of all of the apartment owners expressed in
an amended Declaration duly executed and registered as provided in this Act. The
percentage of the undivided interest in the common areas and facilities shall not be
separated from the apartment to which it appertains, and shall be deemed to be
conveyed or encumbered with the apartment even though such interest is not expressly
mentioned in the conveyance or other instrument.
(3) The common areas and facilities shall remain undivided and no apartment owner
or any other person shall bring any action for partition or division of any part thereof,
unless the property has been removed from the provisions of this Act as provided in
sections 14 and 22. Any covenant to the contrary shall be null and void.
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(4) Each apartment owner may use the common areas and facilities in accordance
with the purpose for which they are intended without hindering or encroaching upon the
lawful rights of the other apartment owners.
(5) The necessary work of maintenance, repair and replacement of the common
areas and facilities and the making of any additions or improvements thereto shall be
carried out only as provided herein and in the bye-laws.
(6) The Association of Apartment Owners shall have the irrevocable right, to be
exercised by the Manager or Board of Managers, to have access to each apartment
form time to time during reasonable hours as may be necessary for the maintenance,
repair and replacement of any of the common areas and facilities therein or accessible
therefrom, or for making emergency repairs therein necessary to prevent damage to
the common area and facilities or to another apartment or apartments.
7. Compliance with covenants, bye-laws and administrative provisions.- Each
apartment owner shall comply strictly with the bye-laws and with the administrative rules
and regulations adopted pursuant thereto, as either of the same may be lawfully
amended form time to time, and with the covenants, conditions and restrictions set forth
in the Declaration or in the Deed to his Apartment. Failure to comply with any of the
same shall be a ground for an action to recover sums due for damages or injunctive
relief or both maintainable by the Manager or Board of Managers on behalf of the
Association of Apartment Owners or, in a proper case by an aggrieved apartment owner.
8. Certain work prohibited.- No apartment owner shall do any work which would
jeopardize the soundness or safety of the property, reduce the value thereof or impair
any easement or hereditament nor may any apartment owner add any material structure
or excavate any additional basement or cellar without in every such case the unanimous
consent of all the other apartment owners being first obtained.
9. Encumbrances against apartments; removal from, encumbrances, effect of
part payment.- (1) Subsequent to recording the Declaration as provided in this Act, and
while the property remains subject to this Act, no encumbrance of any nature shall
thereafter arise or be effective against the property. During such period encumbrances
may arise or be created only against each apartment and the percentage of undivided
interest in the common areas and facilities appurtenant to such apartment, in the same
manner and under the same conditions in every respect as encumbrances may arise or
be created upon or against any other separate parcel of property subject to individual
ownership:
Provided that if during the period any encumbrance has arisen or been created
against such apartment and the percentage of undivided interest in the common areas
and facilities appurtenant to such apartment, no apartment and such percentage of
undivided interest shall be partitioned or subdivided in interest:
Provided further that, no labour performed or materials furnished with the consent or
at the request of an apartment owner or his agent or his contractor or sub-contractor
shall be the basis for a charge or any encumbrance under the provisions of the Transfer
of Property Act, 1882, against the apartment or any other property of any other
apartment owner not expressly consenting to or requesting the same, except that such
express consent shall be deemed to be given by the owner of any apartment in the case
of emergency repairs thereto. Labour performed and material furnished for the common
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areas and facilities if duly authorised by the Association of Apartment Owners, the
Manager or Board of Managers in accordance with this Act, the Declaration or bye-laws,
shall be deemed to be performed or furnished with the express consent of each
apartment owner and shall be the basis for a charge or encumbrance under the Act
aforesaid against each of the apartments and shall be subject to the provisions of sub-
section (2) .
(2) In the event of a charge or any encumbrance against two or more apartments
becoming effective, the apartment owners of the separate apartments may remove their
apartments and the percentage of undivided interest in the common areas and facilities
appurtenant to such apartments from the charge or encumbrance by payment of the
fractional or proportional amounts attributable to each of the apartments affected. Such
individual payment shall be computed by reference to the percentages appearing in the
Declaration. Subsequent to any such payment, discharge or other satisfaction, the
apartment and the percentage of undivided interest in the common areas and facilities
appurtenant thereto shall thereafter be free and clear of the charge or encumbrance so
paid, satisfied or discharged. Such partial payments, satisfaction or discharge shall not
prevent the person having a charge or any other encumbrance from proceeding to
enforce his rights against any apartment and the percentage of undivided interest in the
common areas and facilities appurtenant thereto not so paid, satisfied or discharged.
10. Common profits and expenses.- The common profits of the property shall be
distributed among and the common expenses shall be charged to, the apartment owners
according to the percentage of the undivided interest in the common areas and facilities.
11. Contents of Declaration.- (1) The Declaration shall contain the following
particulars, namely:-
(a) description of the land on which the building and improvements are or are to
be located; and whether the land is freehold or leasehold;
(b) description of the building stating the number of storeys and basements, the
number of apartments and the principal materials of which it is or is to be constructed;
(c) the apartment number of each apartment, and a statement of its location,
approximate area, number of rooms, and immediate common area to which it has
access, and any other data necessary for its proper identification;
(d) description of the common areas and facilities;
(e) description of the limited common areas and facilities, if any, stating to which
apartments their use is reserved;
(f) value of the property and of each apartment, and the percentage of
undivided interest in the common areas and facilities appurtaining to each apartment
and its owner for all purposes, including voting; and a statement that the apartment and
such percentage of undivided interest are not encumbered in any manner whatsoever on
the date of the Declaration;
(g) statement of the purposes for which the building and each of the apartments
are intended and restricted as to use ;
(h) the name of a person to receive service of process in the cases hereinafter
provided, together with the residence or place of business of such person which shall be
within the city, town or village in which the building is located:
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(i) provision as to the percentage of votes by the apartment owners which shall
be determinative of whether to rebuild, repair, restore, or sell the property in the event of
damage or destruction of all or part of the property;
(j) any other details in connection with the property which the person executing
the Declaration may seem desirable to set forth consistent with this Act: and
(k) the method by which the Declaration may be amended, consistent with the
provisions of this Act.
(2) A true copy each of the Declaration and bye-laws and all amendments to the
Declaration or the bye-laws shall be filed in the office of the competent authority.
12. Contents of Deeds of Apartments.- (1) Deeds of Apartments shall include the
following particulars, namely:-
(a) description of the land as provided in section 11 of this Act or the post office
address of the property, including in either case the book, page and date of executing
the Declaration the date and serial number of its registration under the Registration Act,
1908 and the date and other reference if any, of its filing with the competent authority;
(b) the apartment number of the apartment in the Declaration and any other data
necessary for its proper identification;
(c) statement of the use for which the apartment is intended and restrictions on
its use, if any;
(d) the percentage of undivided interest appurtaining to the apartment in the
common areas and facilities; and
(e) any further details which the parties to the Deed may deem desirable to set
forth consistent with the Declaration and this Act.
(2) A true copy of every deed of Apartment shall be filed in the office of the
competent authority.
13. Declarations, deeds of apartments and copies of floor plans to be
registered.- (1) The Declaration and all amendments thereto and the Deed of Apartment
in respect of each apartment and the floor plans of the buildings referred to in sub-
section (2) shall be registered under the Registration Act, 1908.
(2) Simultaneously with the registration of the Declaration there shall be filed along
with it a set of the floor plans of the building showing the layout, location, apartment
numbers and dimensions of the apartments, stating the name of the building or that it
has no name, and bearing the verified statement of an architect certifying that it is an
accurate copy of portions of the plans of the buildings as filed with and approved by the
local authority within whose jurisdiction the building is located. If such plans do not
include a verified statement by such architect that such plans fully and accurately depict
the layout location, apartment number and dimensions of the apartments as built, there
shall be recorded prior to the first conveyance of any apartment, an amendment to the
Declaration to which shall be attached a verified statement of an architect certifying that
the plans theretofore filed, or being filed simultaneously with such amendment, fully and
accurately depict the layout, location, apartment number and dimensions of the
apartment as built.
(3) In all registration offices a book called Register of Declarations and Deeds of
Apartments under the Karnataka Apartment Ownership Act, 1972 and Index relating
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10

thereto shall be kept. The book and the Index shall be kept in such form and shall
contain such particulars as may be prescribed.
(4) It shall be the duty of every Manager or Board of Managers to send to the Sub-
Registrar of the sub-district in which the property containing the apartment is situate, or if
there is no Sub-Registrar for the area, to the Registrar of the district in which such
property is situate, a certified copy of the Declaration and Deed of Apartment made in
respect of every apartment contained in the building forming part of the property together
with a memorandum containing such particulars as may be prescribed.
(5) The Sub-Registrar, or as the case may be, the Registrar shall register the
Declaration along with floor plans of the building and the Deed of Apartment in the
Register of Declaration and Deeds of Apartments under the Karnataka Apartment
Ownership Act, 1972 and shall also enter particulars in the Index kept under sub-
section (3). Any person acquiring any apartment or any apartment owner shall be
deemed to have notice of the Declaration and of the Deed of Apartment as from the
date of its registration under this section.
(6) Except as provided in this section, the provisions of the Registration Act, 1908,
shall mutatis mutandis apply to the registration of such Declarations and Deeds of
Apartments, and the words and expression used in the section but not defined in this Act
shall have the meaning assigned to them in the Registration Act, 1908.
14. Removal from provisions of this Act.- (1) All the apartment owners may
remove a property form the provisions of this Act by an instrument to that effect duly
executed:
Provided that, the holders of all charges and other encumbrances affecting any of the
apartments consent thereto or agree, in either case by instruments duly executed, that
their charges or encumbrances be transferred to the percentage of the undivided interest
of the apartment owner in the property as hereinafter provided .
(2) Upon the removal of the property from the provisions of this Act the property shall
be deemed to be owned in common by the apartment owners. The undivided interest in
the property owned in common which shall apportion to each apartment owner shall be
the percentage of undivided interest previously owned by such owner in the common
areas and facilities.
15. Removal no bar to subsequent resubmission of property to this Act. - The
removal provided for in the preceding section shall in no way bar the subsequent re-
submission of the property to the provisions of this Act.
16. Bye-laws and their contents.- (1) The administration of every property shall be
governed by bye-laws, a true copy of which shall be annexed to the Declaration . No
modification of or amendment to the bye-law shall be valid, unless set forth in an
amendment to the Declaration and such amendment is duly recorded and a copy
thereof is duly filed with the competent authority.
(2) The bye-laws shall provide for the following matters, namely:-
(a) The election from among the apartment owners, of a Board of Managers, the
number of persons constituting the same, and that the terms of at least one-third of the
members of such Board shall expire annually: the powers and duties of the Board; the
compensation, if any, of the members of the Board; the method of removal from office of
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11

members of the Board; and whether or not the Board may engage the services of a
Secretary, a Manager or Managing Agent, and specifying which of the powers and
duties granted to the Board by this Act or otherwise may be delegated by the Board to
either or both of them;
(b) method of calling meetings of the apartment owners; what percentage, if
other than a majority of Apartment Owners, shall constitute a quorum;
(c) election of a President from among members of the Board of managers who
shall preside over the meetings of such Board and of the Association of Apartment
Owners;
(d) election of a Secretary who shall keep a minute book wherein resolutions
shall be recorded;
(e) election of a Treasurer who shall keep the financial records and books of
accounts;
(f) maintenance, repairs and replacement of the common areas and facilities
and payments therefor;
(g) manner of collecting from the apartment owners their share of the common
expenses;
(h) designation and removal of persons employed for the maintenance, repair
and replacement of the common areas and facilities;
(i) the method of adopting and of amending administrative rules and
regulations governing the details of the operation and use of the common areas and
facilities;
(j) such restrictions on the requirements respecting the use and maintenance
of the apartments and the use of the common areas and facilities not set forth in the
Declaration, as are designed to prevent unreasonable interference with the use of their
respective apartments and of the common areas and facilities by the several apartment
owners; and
(k) the percentage of the votes required to amend the bye-laws.
(3) The bye-laws may also provide for the following matters namely:-
(a) subject to the provisions of this Act, provision for regulating transfer or
partition of any apartment and percentage of undivided interest in the common areas
and facilities appurtenant to such apartment, subject to such terms and conditions as
may be specified in the bye-laws:
(b) provisions enabling the Board of Managers to retain certain areas of the
building and lease to non-residents for commercial purposes and for distribution of
resulting proceeds to the apartment owners as income or application thereof in reduction
of their common charges for maintaining the building; and
(c) any other provisions, not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, relating
to the audit and accounts and administration of the property and annual and special
general meetings, annual report and the like.
17. Waiver of use of common areas and facilities; Abandonment of apartment.-
No apartment owner may exempt himself from liability for his contribution towards the
common expenses by waiver of the use or enjoyment of any of the common areas and
facilities, or by abandonment of his apartment.
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18. Separate assessment.- Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in

any law relating to local authorities, each apartment and its percentage of undivided
interest in the common areas and facilities appurtenant to such apartment (being an
apartment submitted to the provisions of this Act) shall be deemed to be separate
property for the purpose of assessment to tax on lands and buildings leviable under such
law and shall be assessed and taxed, accordingly; and for this purpose, a local authority
shall make all suitable rules to carry out the provisions of this section. Neither the
building, the property nor any of the common areas and facilities shall be deemed to be
separate property for the purposes of the levy of such tax.
19. Charge on property for common expenses.- All sums assessed by the
Association of Apartment owners but unpaid for the share of common expenses
chargeable to any apartment shall constitute a charge on such apartment prior to all
other charges, except only (i) charge if any on the apartment for payment of Government
and Municipal taxes and (ii) all sums unpaid on a first mortgage of the apartment.
20. Joint and several liability of vendor, etc, for unpaid common expenses.- (1)
Upon the sale of an apartment, the purchaser of the apartment shall be jointly and
severally liable with the vendor for all unpaid assessments against the latter for his share
of the common expenses upto the time of the sale without prejudice to the purchasers
or grantees right to recover from the vendor the amount paid by the purchaser or
grantee therefor.
(2) A purchaser referred to in sub-section (1) shall be entitled to a statement from the
Secretary or Board of Managers, setting forth the amount of the unpaid assessment
against the vendor and such purchaser or grantee shall not be liable for, nor shall the
apartment sold be subject to a charge for any unpaid share of common expenses
against such apartment accrued prior to such sale or bequest in excess of the amount
therein set forth.
21. Insurance.- (1) The Manager or Board of Managers, if required by the
Declaration or the bye-laws or by a majority of the apartment owners, or at the request
of a mortgagee having a first mortgage covering an apartment, shall have the authority
to, and shall obtain insurance for the property against loss or damage by fire and such
other hazards under such terms and for such amounts as shall be required, or
requested.
(2) Insurance referred to in sub-section (1) shall be written in the name of the
Manager or of the Board of Managers of the Association of the Apartment Owners as
trustee for each of the apartment owners in the percentages established in the
Declaration.
(3) Premiums in respect of insurance referred to in sub-section (1) shall be common
expenses and such insurance shall be without prejudice to the right of each apartment
owner to insure his own apartment for his benefit.
22. Disposition of property; destruction or damage.- If within sixty days of the
date of damage or destruction to all or part of the property, it is not determined by the
Association of Apartment Owners to repair, reconstruct or rebuild, then and in that
event,-
(a) the property shall be deemed to be owned in common by the apartment owners;
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(b) the undivided interest in the property owned in common which shall appertain to
each apartment owner shall be the percentage of the undivided interest previously
owned by such owner in the common areas and facilities : (c) any encumbrances
affecting any of the apartments shall be deemed to be transferred in accordance with the
existing priority to the percentage of the undivided interest of the apartment owner in the
property as provided herein:
(d) the property shall be subject to an action for partition at the suit of any apartment
owner, in which event the net proceeds of sale together with the net proceeds of the
insurance on the property, if any, shall be considered as one fund and shall be divided
among all the apartment owners in percentage equal to the percentage of undivided
interest owned by each owner in the property after first paying out all the respective
shares of the apartment owners to the extent sufficient for the purpose and all charges
on the undivided interest in the property owned by each apartment owner.
23. Action.- Without limiting the rights of any apartment owner, actions may be
brought by the Manager or Board of Managers, in either case in the discretion of the
Board of Managers, on behalf of two or more of the apartment owners as their
respective interest may appear with respect to any cause of action relating to the
common areas and facilities or more than one apartment. Service of process on two or
more apartment owners in any action relating to the common areas and facilities or more
than one apartment may be made on the person designated in the Declaration to receive
service of process.
24. Act to be binding on apartment owners, tenants etc.- (1) All apartment
owners, tenants of such owners, employees of owners and tenants, or any other
person that may in any manner use property or any part thereof submitted to the
provisions of this Act shall be subject to this Act and to the Declaration and the bye-laws
of the Association of Apartment Owners adopted pursuant to the provisions of this Act.
(2) All agreements, decisions and determinations law-fully made by the Association of
Apartment Owners in accordance with the voting percentages established under this
Act, Declaration or bye-laws, shall be deemed to be binding on all apartment owners.
25. Power to make rules- (1) The State Government may, subject to the condition of
previous publication, by notification in the official Gazette, make rules for carrying into
effect the provisions of this Act.
(2) Every rule made under this Act shall be laid as soon as may be after it is made
before each House of the State Legislature while it is in session for a total period of thirty
days which may be comprised in one session or in two or more successive sessions,
and if , before the expiry of the session immediately following the sessions aforesaid
both Houses agree in making any modification in the rule or both Houses agree that the
rule should not be made, the rule shall from the date on which the modification or
annulment is notified by the State Government in the official Gazette have effect only in
such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be; so however, that any such
modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of anything previously
done under that rule.
26. Removal of doubt.- For the removal of doubt, it is hereby declared that the
provisions of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882, shall in so far as they are not
inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, apply to every apartment together with its
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undivided interest in the common areas and facilities appurtenant to such apartment as
those provisions apply in relation to any immovable property, and the provisions of this
Act shall take effect, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any contract.
27. Severability.- If any provision of this Act or any section, sentence, clause,
phrase, or word, or application thereof in any circumstances is held invalid, the validity of
the remainder of this Act and of the application of any such provision, section, sentence,
clause, phrase, or word, in any other circumstances shall not be affected thereby.

NOTIFICATION
Bangalore, dated 6th March 1975 [No. FD 28 KHB 75]
S.O.752.- In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (3) of section 1 of the
Karanataka Apartment Ownership Act, 1972 (Karnataka Act No. 17 of 1973), the Government of
Karnataka hereby appoints the first day of April, 1975 as the date on which the said Act shall
come into force.
By Order and in the name of the Governor of Karnataka,

K.S. RASHEED,
Under Secretary to Government,
Finance Department (Housing).

(Published in the Karnataka Gazette (Extraordinary) Part IV 2-C (ii) dated 10-3-1975 No.
605.)
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The Karnataka Apartment Ownership Act, 1972 (Karnataka Act 17 of 1973) has been
amended by the following Acts, namely:-

Amendments (Chronological)

Sl.No. Act No. and year Sections amended Remarks

1. 17 of 1973 - 1.4.1975
FD 28 KHB 75 dated 6.3.1975
2. KAL Order 1973 - 1.11.1973

Amendments (Section-wise)

Sections Act No. and year Remarks

Title, Preamble KAL Order 1973 w.e.f. 1.11.1973
1(1)(2) KAL Order 1973 w.e.f. 1.11.1973