First Name Last Name : LPF Stands For

Eddy Current Inspection 50 Question Quiz
~ First name ~ Last name

~ ~
LPF stands for:
Low Pulse Frequency
Low Pass Filter

1
Last Pass Filter
Low Pass Frequency
In almost all cases, eddy current inspection procedures require the equipment
2 to be calibrated to:
A reference standard
An identified defect
A crack which is ? the rejection criteria
A crack twice the rejection criteria
The HPF allows:

3
Low frequencies to pass and filters out the high frequencies
High frequencies to pass and filters out the low frequencies
For the combined frequencies to be adjusted to a harmonic balance
The shape of the waveform to be clipped beyond it frequency balance
When testing for subsurface flaws, the frequency should be:

As high as possible
As low as possible
4
Calculated to produce a 90o difference between the liftoff and flaw signals
None of the above
The coil in an eddy current probe is most often made from:

5
Iron
Copper
Silver
Platinum
The main purpose of an iron core in a probe is to:

6
Shift the transmission of eddy currents in order to decrease penetration
Allow the probe to operate at a higher frequency
Concentrate the magnetic field near the center of the probe
Allow testing of very dense materials
Probes for inspection of pipe and tubing are typically of the:

7
Surface probe variety
Bolt hole variety
Bobbin (ID) variety
All of the above are correct
Eddy current testing can be used to:

8
Detect surface and near surface cracks
Measure electrical conductivity
Measure the thickness of nonconductive coatings on plastics
Both A and B
Sliding probes usually operate in the:
9
Reflection mode
Through-transmission mode
Pulsed mode
Differential mode
Scanning speed must be controlled:

10
When using a small transducer
When using a large transducer
When using a high pass filter
When using a large low frequency probe
Which type of probe is most often used to inspect the inside diameter of a
11 machined hole?
Pencil probes
Surface probes
Bolt hole probes
Bobbin probes
Inductance is identified by the letter:

12
Probe shielding is used to:

13
Shape the eddy currents to the curvature of the part
Reduce the inductive coupling of the probe and part
Increase the probe impedance
Reduce the effects of nonrelevant features in close proximity to the probe
Use of the HPF is not recommended:

14
On thin parts
On thick parts
When scanning manually
On ferrous parts
Eddy currents are generated when:

15
A conductive material is placed in a changing magnetic field
When a conductive material is moved through a static magnetic field
When a static magnetic field is moved across the surface of a conductive

material
All of the above
The HPF is used to:

16
Eliminate low frequencies which are produced by slow changes, such as a

conductivity shift
Adjust the bandwidth to a neutral frequency in order to maximize depth of

penetration
Remove any standing waves in the output signal
Shift the waveform from positive to negative when a rejectable defect is

identified
Wide surface probes are used when scanning:

17
Large areas for very small cracks
Small areas for delaminations

Large areas for relatively large defects
None of the above
The principles of operation of the most commonly used eddy current

18 instruments are based on:
Roentgen's formulas
Maxwell's inductance bridge
Reciprocity
The Inverse Square Law
Which type of probe has a long slender housing to permit inspection in

19 restricted spaces?
Pancake probes
Pencil probes
Encircling probes
Sliding probes
A probes that can be used to inspect the entire circumference of test objects
20 are:
Encircling or bobbin probes
Circumference probes
Pencil probes
None of the above
Sliding probes are used to test:

21
Large flat surfaces
Inside bolt holes
In radiuses
Around the edges of fasteners

Pencil probes are prone to:
22
Energy spikes
Low frequency noise
Wobble
Both A and C
Since eddy current signals are affected by many different variables, it is

23 particularly important to use what when setting up the equipment?
Couplant
Fluorescent particles
Reference standards
Non abrasive cleaners
Some common classifications of probes include:

24
Surface probes
Bolt hole probes
ID probes
All of the above
When an absolute probe is brought near a ferromagnetic material, the

25 inductive reactance of the coil will:
Remain unchanged
Increase because the material will concentrate the magnetic field in and
around the coil
Decrease because the material will concetrate the magnetic field in and
around the coil
Decrease because the magnetic field of the coil will be weakened by the
material
Which type of probe is most commonly sued to inspect solid products such as
26 bar stock?
Bobbin probes
Surface coils
Encircling coils
Pencil probes
Filtering is applied to the received signal and, therefore:

27
It should be added to the base signal
It is not directly related to the probe drive frequency
Should be added to the pick-up coil
Should be subtracted from the amplitude of the dB
Probes with iron cores tend to:

28
Be more sensitive than air core probes and less affected by probe wobble
Be more difficult to use
Increase the background noise of the signal
Both B and C
When using the liftoff trace of an impedance plane instrument to distinguish

29 between several materials with high electrical conductivity, it is best to test
using a:
High frequency
Variable frequency
Low frequency
None of the above
The higher the inductance of a coil at a given frequency:

30
The more penetrating the eddy currents will be

The less sensitive the coil will be
The more sensitive the coil will be
None of the above
HPF stands for:

31
High Pulse Filter
Harmonic Pulse Filter
High Pass Filter
High Pulse Factor
The higher the frequency of the current used to drive the probe, the:
32
More effective shielding will be due to skin effect
Deeper the eddy currents will penetrate
Stronger the probe's magnetic field will be
Both A and C
A probe that is often intended to be used in contact with the test surface is
33 called a:
Reference probe
Surface probe
Transmission probe
Reflection probe
Inductance is caused by:

34
The interaction of a changing magnetic field with a conductor
Direct current
Resistance in the coil
None of the above

When testing for surface flaws, the probe drive frequency used:
35
Should be as high as possible
Should be as low as possible
Depends on the conductivity and permeability of the material
Depends only on the material conductivity
Drilled holes are commonly used to represent:

36
Pitting
Cracks
Delaminations
None of the above
Narrow EDM notches and saw cuts:

37
Are never used because they are too wide
Are never used due to their heat affected zones
Are commonly used to represent cracks
Both A and B
Most surface probe coils are wound so that:

38
They transmit a frequency that will slightly resonate the part surface
They create a static magnetic field
The axis of the coil is perpendicular to the test surface
Both B and C
Which of the following are a common eddy current reference standard?

39
Conductivity standards
Tube discontinuity standards
Hole discontinuity standards
All of the above
Filters are adjusted in:

40
Hz
KHz
MHz
THz
The main function of the LPF is to:

41
Control probe wobble
Adjust the machine to the proper conductivity standard
Shift the waveform to the left of the screen
Remove high frequency interference noise
When making a conductivity measurement, the thickness of the material

42 should be at least ___ times the standard depth of penetration.
When a probe is brought near a conductive but nonmagnetic material, the

43 coil's inductive reactance will:
Increase
Decrease
Remain the same
Remain the same until the probe touches the material

The depth of penetration is affected by:
44
Magnetic permeability
Electrical resistivity
Probe drive frequency
All of the above
Relative permeability is:

45
The permeability in a vacuum
A unitless value
The ratio of the measured permeability and the permeability in a vacuum
Both B and C
What is the relationship between electrical conductivity and electrical

46 resistivity?
They are directly proportional
They are not related
One is the inverse of the other
It depends on the test frequency
What material(s) is/are commonly used to shield an eddy current probe?

47
Ferrite
Aluminum
Lead
Both A and B
When using eddy currents to measure the thickness of a nonconductive

48 coating applied to a conductive base, the measurement is based on:
A frequency change due to liftoff
An impedance change due to a change in conductivity
An impedance change due to liftoff
Both A and C
Phase lag:
49
Increase with discontinuity depth
Decrease with discontinuity depth
Is the same as phase angle
Is the same as the angle separating the liftoff and flaw signals on an
impedance plane
A bolt hole probe and scanner is used to inspect:

50
Flat surfaces
Radiuses
Holes
Both B and C
Copyright ? The Collaboration for NDT Education..
Eddy Current Inspection 35 Question Quiz
~ First name ~ Last name

~ ~

Hz
KHz
1
MHz
THz
In almost all cases, eddy current inspection procedures require the equipment
2 to be calibrated to:
A crack which is ? the rejection criteria
An eddy current test circuit will have:

3
Resistance
Inductive reactance
A small amount of capacitance
All of the above
HPF stands for:

4
High Pulse Filter
Harmonic Pulse Filter
High Pass Filter
High Pulse Factor
Scanning speed must be controlled:

5
When using a small transducer
When using a large transducer

When using a high pass filter
When using a large low frequency probe

6
Surface probes
Bolt hole probes
ID probes
All of the above
The HPF is used to:

7
Eliminate low frequencies which are produced by slow changes, such as a

conductivity shift
Adjust the bandwidth to a neutral frequency in order to maximize depth of

penetration
Shift the waveform from positive to negative when a rejectable defect is

identified
A probes that can be used to inspect the entire circumference of test objects
8 are:
Pencil probes
None of the above

9
Reflection mode
Pulsed mode
Differential mode
A probe that is often intended to be used in contact with the test surface is
10 called a:
Reference probe
Surface probe
Transmission probe
Reflection probe
What is the relationship between electrical conductivity and electrical

11 resistivity?
They are directly proportional
They are not related
One is the inverse of the other
It depends on the test frequency
What material(s) is/are commonly used to shield an eddy current probe?

12
Ferrite
Aluminum
Lead
Both A and B
Which of the following are a common eddy current reference standard?

13
Conductivity standards
Tube discontinuity standards
Hole discontinuity standards
All of the above
Use of the HPF is not recommended:

14
On thin parts
On thick parts
When scanning manually
On ferrous parts
Probes with iron cores tend to:

15
Be more sensitive than air core probes and less affected by probe wobble
Be more difficult to use
Increase the background noise of the signal
Both B and C
Which type of probe is most commonly sued to inspect solid products such as
16 bar stock?
Bobbin probes
Surface coils
Encircling coils
Pencil probes
Probe shielding is used to:

17
Shape the eddy currents to the curvature of the part
Reduce the inductive coupling of the probe and part
Increase the probe impedance
Reduce the effects of nonrelevant features in close proximity to the probe
Narrow EDM notches and saw cuts:

18
Are never used because they are too wide
Are never used due to their heat affected zones
Are commonly used to represent cracks
Both A and B
Discontinuities, such as delaminations, that are in a plane that is parallel with
19 the test surface will likely:
Be easily detected with a surface probe
Be easily detected with an internal probe
Be easily detected with an external probe
None of the above
Which component features should be similar to the reference standard?

20
Material thickness
Material geometry
Material conductivity
All of the above
When a probe is brought near a conductive but nonmagnetic material, the

21 coil's inductive reactance will:
Increase
Decrease
Remain the same
The depth of penetration is affected by:

22
Magnetic permeability
Electrical resistivity
Probe drive frequency
All of the above

23
Shift the transmission of eddy currents in order to decrease penetration
Concentrate the magnetic field near the center of the probe
The main function of the LPF is to:

24
Control probe wobble
Adjust the machine to the proper conductivity standard
Shift the waveform to the left of the screen
Remove high frequency interference noise
The higher the frequency of the current used to drive the probe, the:
25
More effective shielding will be due to skin effect
Deeper the eddy currents will penetrate
Stronger the probe's magnetic field will be
Both A and C
The principles of operation of the most commonly used eddy current

26 instruments are based on:
Roentgen's formulas
Maxwell's inductance bridge
Reciprocity
The Inverse Square Law
When maintaining constant liftoff is a problem, what type of probe should be

27 used?
A absolute probe
A differential probe
A reflection probe
Both B and C
Relative permeability is:

28
The permeability in a vacuum
A unitless value
The ratio of the measured permeability and the permeability in a vacuum
Both B and C
Filtering is applied to the received signal and, therefore:

29
It should be added to the base signal
It is not directly related to the probe drive frequency
Should be added to the pick-up coil
Should be subtracted from the amplitude of the dB
LPF stands for:

30
Low Pulse Frequency
Low Pass Filter
Last Pass Filter
Low Pass Frequency
Probes for inspection of pipe and tubing are typically of the:

31
Bolt hole variety
Bobbin (ID) variety
The coil in an eddy current probe is most often made from:

Iron
Copper
32
Silver
Platinum

33
Inductance is caused by:

34
The interaction of a changing magnetic field with a conductor
Direct current
Resistance in the coil
None of the above

35
They transmit a frequency that will slightly resonate the part surface
Both B and C
Eddy Current Inspection 20

Question Quiz
~ First name ~ ~ Last name ~
In almost all cases, eddy current inspection procedures require the

equipment to be calibrated to:
1 A crack which is ? the rejection criteria
An eddy current test circuit will have:

2
Resistance
Inductive reactance
A small amount of capacitance
All of the above
Drilled holes are commonly used to represent:

3
Pitting
Cracks
Delaminations
None of the above
When maintaining constant liftoff is a problem, what

4 type of probe should be used?
A absolute probe
A differential probe
A reflection probe
Both B and C
Which type of probe has a long slender housing to permit
5 inspection in restricted spaces?
Pancake probes
Pencil probes
Encircling probes
Sliding probes

6
L
M
Z
X

7
Hz
KHz
MHz
THz
When a probe is brought near a conductive but

8 nonmagnetic material, the coil's inductive reactance will:
Increase
Decrease
Remain the same

9
Reflection mode
Pulsed mode
Differential mode
Wide surface probes are used when scanning:
10
Large areas for very small cracks
Small areas for delaminations
Large areas for relatively large defects
None of the above
When using eddy currents to measure the thickness of a

11 nonconductive coating applied to a conductive base, the
measurement is based on:
A frequency change due to liftoff

An impedance change due to a change in conductivity
An impedance change due to liftoff
Both A and C

12
They transmit a frequency that will slightly resonate the
part surface
Both B and C
The HPF is used to:

13
Eliminate low frequencies which are produced by slow
changes, such as a conductivity shift
Adjust the bandwidth to a neutral frequency in order to
maximize depth of penetration
Shift the waveform from positive to negative when a
rejectable defect is identified
Which type of probe is most commonly sued to inspect

14 solid products such as bar stock?
Bobbin probes
Surface coils
Encircling coils
Pencil probes
Probes for inspection of pipe and tubing are typically of

15 the:

Bolt hole variety
Bobbin (ID) variety

16
Surface probes
Bolt hole probes
ID probes
All of the above
The HPF allows:

17
Low frequencies to pass and filters out the high
frequencies
High frequencies to pass and filters out the low
frequencies
For the combined frequencies to be adjusted to a
harmonic balance
The shape of the waveform to be clipped beyond it
frequency balance
When testing for subsurface flaws, the frequency should

18 be:
As high as possible
As low as possible
Calculated to produce a 90o difference between the liftoff
and flaw signals
None of the above

19
Shift the transmission of eddy currents in order to
decrease penetration
Concentrate the magnetic field near the center of the
probe
A probes that can be used to inspect the entire

20 circumference of test objects are:

Pencil probes
None of the above
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Questions & Answers

- Electromagnetic Testing (ET) Level -
1-2-3
by Edward A. Ginzel *
Acknowledgement:
Materials Research Institute Canada are thanked for permission to use their
Q&A of the NDT TestMaker software CD-ROM.
|Quiz Main Page|
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Level Question [Ref]
1
1 Eddy current testing requires that the material tested be [ECM]
a) magnetic
b) non-magnetic
c) conductive
d) both b and c
An oscillator used in generating time varying current in an ECT
2 [ECM]
instrument usually supplies currents at frequencies from
a) 1 Hz to 20 kHz
b) 50 Hz to 60 Hz
c) 1 kHz to 2 MHz
d) 0.5 MHz to 4 GHz
3 The eddy current probe is most simply a [ECM]
a) coil of copper wire
b) semiconductor
c) capacitor
d) ceramic resistor
Critical to the principles of eddy current testing is the understanding
4 [ECM]
that
a) all materials conduct electricity
b) all current flow has associated with it a magnetic field
c) only ferro electric materials conduct eddy currents
d) copper wire is used for all probe coils
The magnitude of magnetic flux density associated with current
5 flowing in a conductor varies with position and current. Magnetic flux [ECM]
density is therefore a(n)
a) vector quantity
b) scalar quantity
c) square wave quantity
d) unknown quantity
The magnetic flux density associated with a current carrying conductor
6 [ECM]
_________ with increasing distance from the conductor.
a) increases
b) decreases
c) wobbles
d) remains constant
7 The Weber (Wb) is the unit of [ECM]
a) magnetic flux
b) magnetic flux density
c) eddy current intensity
d) the Hall effect
When a magnetic flux near a conductor is caused to change (as when a
8 [Burns]
magnet is moved past a coil) the result is
a) an increased resistance in the coil wire
b) and induced voltage
c) de-magnetization of the magnet
d) phase reversal
According to Ohm's Law, in any electrical circuit, the voltage divided
9 [ECM]
by the circuit impedance is equal to
a) magnetic flux density
b) capacitance
c) current flow
d) phase angle
When an alternating voltage induces an EMF, the induced EMF in
10 [Burns]
opposition to the change causing it. This is a statement of
a) Faraday's Law
b) Lenz's Law
c) Snell's Law
d) Eddy's Law of Voltage
11 Eddy currents are so named because [ECM]
a) of the Canadian match manufacturer that discovered them
b) of the circular probes required to induce them
c) of their circular paths
d) small swirl patterns form on the surface domains and crystal
structure
A device which stores electrical energy within a specified volume is
12 [Ramshaw]
a(n)
a) inductor
b) capacitor
c) conductor
d) resistor
The field that couples an eddy current probe and a test piece causes
13 [ECM]
eddy currents to flow by
a) resonance
b) induction
c) friction
d) the Bernoulli effect
The region around a magnet where its magnetic effects can be detected
14 [Jacobowitz]
is called the
a) near zone
b) induction zone
c) magnetic field of force
d) electro-magnetic region of influence
15 In a fixed magnetic field, a compass needle would arrange itself [Jacobowitz]
a) parallel to the lines of force
b) perpendicular to the lines of force in the plane of the field
c) perpendicular to the lines of force at right angles to the plane of the
field
d) 45 to the field lines
The location where magnetic lines of flux are considered to leave a
16 [Jacobowitz]
magnet is
a) the north pole of that magnet
b) the south pole of that magnet
c) dependent on the position of the earth's magnetic pole
d) called Domain Centre
The location where magnetic lines of flux are considered to enter a
17 [Jacobowitz]
magnet is
a) the north pole of the magnet
b) the south pole of the magnet
c) dependent on the position of the sun
d) called domain centre
18 Direct current can be used to induce eddy currents if [Handbook]
a) the test piece is moved cyclically near the current carrying conductor
b) the current carrying conductor is moved cyclically near the test piece
c) either a or b
d) the diameter of the conductor is less than 1/10 the thickness of the
test piece
19 The rate of flow of electric charge defines [Jacobowitz]
a) voltage
b) coulomb
c) electric current
d) impedance
20 1 mA can also be written as [Jacobowitz]
a) 0.01 A
b) 0.001 A
c) 100 A
d) 1000 MA
21 A sample which has a very low resistance will also have very high [Jacobowitz]
a) resistivity
b) conductivity
c) conductance
d) impedance
22 Compared to conductive wires, insulators are considered to have [Jacobowitz]
a) very high resistance
b) very low resistance
c) about the same resistance
d) high conductance
Resistance of a conductor is usually given at a specified temperature.
23 [Jacobowitz]
Correction for resistance at other temperatures is obtained by using
a) liquid nitrogen
b) the temperature coefficient of resistance
c) vacuum or bell chambers
d) matching circuits
Increasing the temperature of an aluminium test specimen form 20C.
24 [ECM]
to 40C. will result in ___________ specimen resistivity.
a) no change to
b) doubling
c) halving
d) a slight increase in
25 Eddy currents are normally induced in a sample such that they are [ECM]
a) parallel to the coil windings
b) parallel to the sample surface
c) limited to the area of inducing field
d) all of the above
Decrease in eddy current flow with increasing depth from the surface is
26 [ECM]
known as
a) absorption
b) the Hall effect
c) the skin effect
d) the edge effect
27 The pickup (receiver) coil of an eddy current probe is [Handbook]
a) always the same coil as the magnetizing coil
b) identical in diameter to the magnetizing coil
c) coincident in position to the magnetizing coil
d) of any size, position or even configuration
Heat generation associated with eddy current testing of magnetic
28 [Handbook]
materials is a result of
a) dispersion and diffraction
b) ohmic or resistive losses
c) hysteresis losses
d) both b and c
What is the difference between electric currents and eddy currents on
29 [Handbook]
the atomic level?
a) there is no difference
b) direction of electron flow
c) no magnetic field is associated with electric current
d) eddy currents do not occur in semi conductors
30 Current flowing in the eddy current transducer would be considered [Handbook]
a) eddy current
b) magnetizing currents
c) back EMF
d) all of the above
References (NDT TestMaker software)
1. [Handbook] ASNT; Nondestructive Testing Handbook, vol. four,

Electromagnetic Testing, Second Edition, ASNT, 1986
2. [Jacobowitz] Jacobowitz,H.; Electricity Made Simple, Doubleday &
Company, 1959
3. [Mix] Mix, P.E.,; Introduction to Non-Destuctive Testing, John Wiley
& Sons, 1987
4. [ECM] V.S.Cecco, G.van Drunen and F.L.Sharp, Eddy Current Manual
vol. 1, Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories, 1983
5. [Burns] D.M.Burns & S.G.G.MacDonald Physics for Biology and
Premedical Students, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1970
6. [Ramshaw] R.S.Ramshaw & R.G.van Heeswajk, Electromagnetic
Fields and Forces University of Waterloo, Standford Educational Press,
1979
7. [Blitz] J.Blitz, Electrical and Magnetic Methods of Nondestructive
Testing, Adam Hilger, IOP Publishing Ltd., 1991
8. [Techniques] D.E.Bray and D.McBride, Nondestructive Testing
Techniques John Wiley & Sons, 1992
9. [Gardner] W.E.Gardner, Editor, Improving the Effectiveness and
Reliability of Nondestructive Testing Pergamon Press, 1992
10. [ASME] American Society of Mechanical Engineers, ASME Section
V, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992
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Level Question [Ref]

1
Which of the following conditions is not necessary for eddy
1 [ECM]
current testing?
a) electrical contact
b) specimen conductivity
c) an alternating magnetic field
d) induced electrical current
Which of the following is not a mandatory component in a
2 [ECM]
"basic" eddy current test apparatus?
a) an AC source
b) a coil (probe)
c) an impedance plane
d) a volt meter
Which of the following is not a probe configuration used in
3 [ECM]
eddy current testing?
a) self inductance (single coil)
b) send-receive (2 coils)
c) magnetic reaction (coil & Hall detector)
d) semi-conductor reaction (2 Hall detectors)
The sense or direction of a magnetic field around a conductor
4 [ECM]
is most commonly determined using
a) Lenz's Law
b) Ohm's Law
c) a Rowland Ring
d) the right hand rule
5 Tesla or Webers per square metre (Wb/m) are units of [ECM]
a) eddy current
b) impedance
c) reluctance
d) magnetic flux density
If the electric current in a coil is doubled the magnetic flux
6 [ECM]
density
a) halves
b) remains unchanged
c) doubles
d) quadruples
An increase in which of the following would result in the
7 [Burns]
increase of magnetic flux density (B) in a solenoid?
a) core permeability
b) number of coil turns
c) current in the coil
d) all of the above
A voltage in induced in a region of space when there exists a
8 [ECM]
changing magnetic field. This is a statement of
a) Faraday's Law
b) Oersted's Law
c) Helmholtz's Theorem
d) Ohm's Law
9 Lenz's Law states [Burns]
a) an alternating magnetic field induces an alternating voltage
b) the magnitude of induced current is a function of magnetic
flux through a circuit
c) the induced EMF is opposite to the change causing it
d) = B A cos where B= flux density, A = circuit area and
= the angle between B and the circuit area A
10 The back EMF opposing the inducing EMF is a result of [ECM]
a) the Hall effect
b) eddy current flow
c) geo-magnetic reversals
d) weak nuclear forces
Which of the following is not an example of
11 [Ramshaw]
electromechanical energy conversion devices?
a) a dry cell battery
b) a generator or alternator
c) a microphone
d) an electric motor
An eddy current test system closely approximates a
12 transformer. In this approximation, what would the [ECM]
"secondary coil" be represented by?
a) the induced eddy currents
b) the eddy current probe
c) the test sample
d) a Hall detector used as a receiver
By convention, the direction of a magnetic line of force is
13 represented by an arrow on a line. The arrow would point in [Jacobowitz]
the direction
a) in which a unit north pole would be moved
b) in which a unit south pole would be moved
c) perpendicular to the plane of the line
d) indicated by the thumb in the left hand rule
14 The magnetic line of force is [Jacobowitz]
a) a mythical quantity
b) a imaginary but useful concept
c) equal to 1gm mass when converted by Einstein's equation
d) 1 micron diameter and 10 microns long
The principal cause of magnetism in a naturally magnetic
15 [Jacobowitz]
substance is
a) hysteresis
b) the weak nuclear force
c) uncompensated electron spin
d) graviton concentration in the Domain wall
The number of lines of magnetic flux divided by a unit area is
16 [Jacobowitz]
the
a) permeability
b) flux density
c) pole strength
d) field intensity
Moving a direct current carrying conductor up and down near
17 [Handbook]
a conductive test piece will result in
a) no current flow in the test piece
b) DC being induced in the test piece
c) AC being induced in the test piece
d) a short circuit
The relationship between electric current flow, electromotive
18 [Jacobowitz]
force and resistance to electric current flow is described by
a) Lenz's law
b) Ohm's law
c) Faraday's rule
d) the ampere-ohm equation
19 Another term for voltage is [Jacobowitz]
a) electromotive force
b) magnetomotive force
c) potential drop
d) both a and c
In order to use a galvanometer (which normally measures
currents in the range of milliamps) as an ammeter measuring
20 [Burns]
10 to 20 amps you would put a _________ in ___________
with the galvanometer.
a) resistor, series
b) resistor, parallel
c) capacitor, series
d) capacitor, parallel
Conductance is an electrical quantity which can also be
21 [Jacobowitz]
defined as the reciprocal of
a) inductance
b) resistance
c) resistivity
d) reluctance
When an eddy current probe is brought near a conductive
22 [ECM]
sample the net magnetic flux in the system
a) increases
b) decreases
c) remains unchanged
d) drops to zero when the part is contacted
23 Eddy current density in a sample is [ECM]
a) proportional to the conductivity of the sample
b) proportional to the permeability of the sample
c) inversely proportional to the depth from the surface of the
sample
d) all of the above
Strictly speaking, the standard skin depth equation; J/Jo = (e^-
24 [ECM]
) sin (wt-), is true for only
a) thick material and planar magnetic fields
b) tubular products
c) thin plate inspection
d) all of the above
At 2 standard depths of penetration, eddy current density is
25 [ECM]
about ____ that at the surface.
a) 0,66
b) 0,37
c) 0,14
d) 0,09
When inspecting a rod with an encircling coil the eddy
26 [ECM]
current density at the centre of the rod is zero for
a) rods with diameters greater than 2
b) rods with radius greater than 2
c) all conditions
d) no condition, a slight current density will always exist
27 Phase lag of eddy currents in a sample is dependent on [ECM]
a) depth into the sample
b) resistivity of the test piece
c) relative magnetic permeability of the sample
d) all of the above
28 Why are eddy current coils not made using iron wire? [Blitz]
a) to avoid hysteresis effects
b) to make mathematical calculations easier
c) to prevent excessive heat build-up
d) for cathodic breakdown considerations
The higher the value of inductance for a given frequency the
29 [Blitz]
greater the degree of
a) balance ability
b) sensitivity
c) Q factor
d) capacitive reactance
30 The transmit-receive or transformer style probe provides [Blitz]
a) improved s/n ratio
b) increased sensitivity to deeper defects
c) both a and b
d) no advantage over single coil probes

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Eddy Current Inspection 50 Question Quiz

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LPF stands for:

Low Pulse Frequency

Low Pass Filter

Low Pass Frequency

A crack which is ? the rejection criteria

A crack twice the rejection criteria

The HPF allows:

Low frequencies to pass and filters out the high frequencies

High frequencies to pass and filters out the low frequencies

For the combined frequencies to be adjusted to a harmonic balance

The shape of the waveform to be clipped beyond it frequency balance

When testing for subsurface flaws, the frequency should be:

None of the above

The coil in an eddy current probe is most often made from:

The main purpose of an iron core in a probe is to:

Shift the transmission of eddy currents in order to decrease penetration

Allow the probe to operate at a higher frequency

Concentrate the magnetic field near the center of the probe

Allow testing of very dense materials

Probes for inspection of pipe and tubing are typically of the:

Surface probe variety

Bolt hole variety

Bobbin (ID) variety

All of the above are correct

Eddy current testing can be used to:

Detect surface and near surface cracks

Measure electrical conductivity

Measure the thickness of nonconductive coatings on plastics

Scanning speed must be controlled:

When using a small transducer

When using a large transducer

When using a high pass filter

When using a large low frequency probe

Bolt hole probes

Inductance is identified by the letter:

Probe shielding is used to:

Reduce the inductive coupling of the probe and part

Increase the probe impedance

Reduce the effects of nonrelevant features in close proximity to the probe

Use of the HPF is not recommended:

When scanning manually

Eddy currents are generated when:

A conductive material is placed in a changing magnetic field

When a conductive material is moved through a static magnetic field

When a static magnetic field is moved across the surface of a conductive

All of the above

The HPF is used to:

Eliminate low frequencies which are produced by slow changes, such as a

Adjust the bandwidth to a neutral frequency in order to maximize depth of

Remove any standing waves in the output signal

Shift the waveform from positive to negative when a rejectable defect is

Wide surface probes are used when scanning:

Large areas for very small cracks

Small areas for delaminations

None of the above

The principles of operation of the most commonly used eddy current

Maxwell's inductance bridge