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Assignment6 Solution

This document provides an assignment to calculate the horizontal force on a sluice gate from water in an open channel when the gate is (a) closed and (b) open. Students are given assumptions of steady, incompressible, uniform flow and hydrostatic pressure distributions. The forces acting on a control volume include gravity, friction, and reaction forces from the gate. Equations are provided to calculate the hydrostatic forces based on pressure distributions and the unknown horizontal reaction force on the gate. Calculations show the force is greater when the gate is closed than when it is open as the water accelerates out.

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Naw Az
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318 views4 pages

Assignment6 Solution

This document provides an assignment to calculate the horizontal force on a sluice gate from water in an open channel when the gate is (a) closed and (b) open. Students are given assumptions of steady, incompressible, uniform flow and hydrostatic pressure distributions. The forces acting on a control volume include gravity, friction, and reaction forces from the gate. Equations are provided to calculate the hydrostatic forces based on pressure distributions and the unknown horizontal reaction force on the gate. Calculations show the force is greater when the gate is closed than when it is open as the water accelerates out.

Uploaded by

Naw Az
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

ENSC-283

Assignment #6

Assignment date: Monday Feb. 23, 2009

Due date: Monday Mar. 2, 2009

Problem: (Flow under a sluice gate: hydrostatic pressure force)

Water in an open channel is held in by a sluice gate. Compare the


horizontal force of the water on the gate (a) when the gate is
closed and (b) when it is open (assuming steady flow, as shown).
Assume the flow at sections 1 and 2 is incompressible and
uniform, and that (because the streamlines are straight there) the
pressure distributions are hydrostatic.

V1=1 m/s
D1 = 3 m
V2=7 m/s
D2 = 0.429 m
water

1 2

Solution:
The forces acting on the control volume include:
Force of gravity, W
Friction force, F f
Components of R x and Ry
of reaction force from gate
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M.Bahrami ENSC 283 Assignment
#6
Hydrostatic pressure distribution on vertical surface
Pressure distribution along the bottom surface (not shown)
CV

V1=1 m/s
D1 = 3 m
V2=7 m/s
D2 = 0.429 m
water

1 2
Ry

p1 ( y) Rx
W

Ff p2 ( y)

Assumptions:
Ff
Friction force is negligible.
No body force in x direction.
Steady flow.
Incompressible flow.
Uniform flow at each section.
Hydrostatic pressure distribution at sections 1 and 2.

Then,
F R 1 + F R 2 + Rx =(V 21 w D1 ) + ( V 22 w D2)

The surface forces acting on the CV are due to the pressure


distributions and the unknown force, R x . From our assumptions,

Page2
M.Bahrami ENSC 283 Assignment
#6
we can integrate the gage pressure distribution on each side to
compute the hydrostatic forces F R 1 and F R 2 ,
D1 D1
D21
F R 1= p1 ( y ) dA=w gydy=gw
0 0
2
2 D2 2
D2
F R 2= p2 ( y ) dA=w gydy=gw
0 0
2

Hence,

gw 2
R x =w ( V 22 D 2 V 21 D 1 ) ( D1D 22)
2

The horizontal force per unit width of the gate is


Rx g
= ( V 22 D 2V 21 D1 ) ( D21 D22)
w 2

Part (a):
D 2=0 V 2=0
When gate is closed, and . From mass conservation
V 1=0

R x g D 21
=
w 2

2
Rx m (3 [ m ])
w
kg
m [ ] [ ]
=999 3 9.81 2
s 2
=44.1 kN

Part (b):
V 1=1[m/s ] , and V 2=7 [m/ s] , hence,

[ ] [( [ ]) ]
2 2
Rx
w
kg
=999 3 7
m
m
s
( 0.429 [ m ] ) 1 ( [ ])
m
s
1
2 [ ] [ ]
kg
m
m
( 3 [ m ] ) 999 3 9.81 2 [ ( 3 [ m ] ) ( 0.429 [ m ] ) ]=25
s
2 2

Page3
M.Bahrami ENSC 283 Assignment
#6
Note: As can be seen, the force on the open gate is significantly
less than the force on the closed gate as the water accelerates
out under the gate.

Page4
M.Bahrami ENSC 283 Assignment
#6

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