z

1. Given that = 2 i, z , find z in the form a + ib.

z2
(Total 4 marks)

2. The complex numbers z1 = 2 2i and z2 = 1 i 3 are represented by the points A and B

respectively on an Argand diagram. Given that O is the origin,

(a) find AB, giving your answer in the form a b 3 , where a, b +

;
(3)

(b) B in terms of .
calculate AO
(3)
(Total 6 marks)

3. Given that z = cos + i sin show that

1
(a) Im z n n 0, n +
;
z
(2)

z 1
(b) Re = 0, z 1.
z 1
(5)
(Total 7 marks)

in terms of .
(3)
(Total 6 marks)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 1

 zi
4. Consider the complex number = , where z = x + iy and i = 1 .
z2

(a) If = i, determine z in the form z = r cis .

(6)

( x 2 2 x y 2 y ) i( x 2 y 2)
(b) Prove that = .
( x 2) 2 y 2
(3)

(c) Hence show that when Re() = 1 the points (x, y) lie on a straight line, l1, and write down
its gradient.
(4)

(d) Given arg (z) = arg() = , find z.
4
(6)
(Total 19 marks)

5. Consider the complex numbers z = 1 + 2i and w = 2 +ai, where a .

Find a when

(a) w = 2z;
(3)

(b) Re (zw) = 2 Im(zw).

(3)
(Total 6 marks)

6. If z is a non-zero complex number, we define L(z) by the equation

L(z) = lnz + i arg (z), 0 arg (z) < 2.

(a) Show that when z is a positive real number, L(z) = ln z.

(2)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 2

 (b) Use the equation to calculate

(i) L(1);

(ii) L(1 i);

(iii) L(1 + i).

(5)

(c) Hence show that the property L(z1z2) = L(z1) + L(z2) does not hold for all values
of z1 and z2.
(2)
(Total 9 marks)

7. Find, in its simplest form, the argument of (sin + i (1 cos ))2 where is an acute angle.
(Total 7 marks)

z
8. Consider w = where z = x + iy, y 0 and z2 + 1 0.
z 1
2

Given that Im w = 0, show that z = 1.

(Total 7 marks)

9. (a) Use de Moivres theorem to find the roots of the equation z4 = 1 i.

(6)

(b) Draw these roots on an Argand diagram.

(2)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 3

 z2
(c) If z1 is the root in the first quadrant and z2 is the root in the second quadrant, find in
z1
the form a + ib.
(4)
(Total 12 marks)

10. Given that (a + bi)2 = 3 + 4i obtain a pair of simultaneous equations involving a and b. Hence
find the two square roots of 3 + 4i.
(Total 7 marks)

10
11. Given that z = 10 , solve the equation 5z + = 6 18i, where z* is the conjugate of z.
z*
(Total 7 marks)

12. Solve the simultaneous equations

iz1 + 2z2 = 3
z1 + (1 i)z2 = 4

giving z1 and z2 in the form x + iy, where x and y are real.

(Total 9 marks)

2 bi 7 9
13. Find b where i.
1 bi 10 10
(Total 6 marks)

14. Given that z = (b + i)2, where b is real and positive, find the value of b when arg z = 60.
(Total 6 marks)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 4

 1 2i 1 3i
15. Consider the complex geometric series ei + e e + ....
2 4

(a) Find an expression for z, the common ratio of this series.

(2)

(b) Show that z < 1.

(2)

(c) Write down an expression for the sum to infinity of this series.
(2)

(d) (i) Express your answer to part (c) in terms of sin and cos .

(ii) Hence show that

1 1 4 cos 2
cos + cos 2 + cos 3 + ... = .
2 4 5 4 cos
(10)
(Total 16 marks)

16. The roots of the equation z2 + 2z + 4 = 0 are denoted by and ?

(a) Find and in the form rei.

(6)

(b) Given that lies in the second quadrant of the Argand diagram, mark and on an
Argand diagram.
(2)

(c) Use the principle of mathematical induction to prove De Moivres theorem, which states
that cos n + i sin n = (cos + i sin )n for n +.
(8)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 5

 3
(d) Using De Moivres theorem find in the form a + ib.
2
(4)

(e) Using De Moivres theorem or otherwise, show that 3 = 3.

(3)

(f) Find the exact value of * + * where * is the conjugate of and * is the conjugate
of .
(5)

(g) Find the set of values of n for which n is real.

(3)
(Total 31 marks)

17. Consider the polynomial p(x) = x4 + ax3 + bx2 + cx + d, where a, b, c, d .

Given that 1 + i and 1 2i are zeros of p(x), find the values of a, b, c and d.
(Total 7 marks)

18. Given that z1 = 2 and z2 = 1 + i 3 are roots of the cubic equation z3 + bz2 + cz + d = 0
where b, c, d ,

(a) write down the third root, z3, of the equation;

(1)

(b) find the values of b, c and d;

(4)

(c) write z2 and z3 in the form rei.

(3)
(Total 8 marks)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 6

19. (a) Show that the complex number i is a root of the equation

x4 5x3 + 7x2 5x + 6 = 0.
(2)

(b) Find the other roots of this equation.

(4)
(Total 6 marks)

20. Consider the equation z3 + az2 + bz + c = 0, where a, b, c . The points in the Argand
diagram representing the three roots of the equation form the vertices of a triangle whose area is
9. Given that one root is 1 + 3i, find

(a) the other two roots;

(4)

(b) a, b and c.
(3)
(Total 7 marks)

21. (a) Expand and simplify (x 1)(x4 + x3 + x2 + x + 1).

(2)

(b) Given that b is a root of the equation z5 1 = 0 which does not lie on the real axis in the
Argand diagram, show that 1 + b + b2 + b3 + b4 = 0.
(3)

(c) If u = b + b4 and v = b2 + b3 show that

(i) u + v = uv = 1;

(ii) uv= 5 , given that u v > 0.

(8)
(Total 13 marks)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 7

. The points in the Argand diagram representing the three roots of the equation form the vertices of a triangle
whose area is 9. Given that one root is 1 + 3i, find

(a) the other two roots;

(4)

(b) a, b and c.
(3)
(Total 7 marks)

22. Given that 2 + i is a root of the equation x3 6x2 + 13x 10 = 0 find the other two roots.
(Total 5 marks)

23. (a) Show that p = 2 is a solution to the equation p3 + p2 5p 2 = 0.

(2)

(b) Find the values of a and b such that p3 + p2 5p 2 = (p 2)(p2 + ap + b).

(4)

(c) Hence find the other two roots to the equation p3 + p2 5p 2 = 0.

(3)

(d) An arithmetic sequence has p as its common difference. Also, a geometric sequence has p
as its common ratio. Both sequences have 1 as their first term.

(i) Write down, in terms of p, the first four terms of each sequence.

(ii) If the sum of the third and fourth terms of the arithmetic sequence is equal to the
sum of the third and fourth terms of the geometric sequence, find the three possible
values of p.

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 8

 (iii) For which value of p found in (d)(ii) does the sum to infinity of the terms of the
geometric sequence exist?

(iv) For the same value p, find the sum of the first 20 terms of the arithmetic sequence,
writing your answer in the form a + b c , where a, b, c .
(13)
(Total 22 marks)

24. (a) Write down the expansion of (cos + i sin )3 in the form a + ib, where a and b are in
terms of sin and cos .
(2)

(b) Hence show that cos 3 = 4 cos3 3 cos .

(3)

(c) Similarly show that cos 5 = 16 cos5 20 cos3 + 5 cos .

(3)

(d) Hence solve the equation cos 5 + cos 3 + cos = 0, where , .
2 2
(6)

(e) By considering the solutions of the equation cos 5 = 0, show that

5 5 7
cos and state the value of cos .
10 8 10
(8)
(Total 22 marks)

25. (a) Factorize z3 + 1 into a linear and quadratic factor.

(2)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 9

 1 i 3
Let = .
2

(b) (i) Show that is one of the cube roots of 1.

(ii) Show that 2 = 1.

(iii) Hence find the value of (1 )6.

(9)

1
1 .
The matrix A is defined by A =
0

(c) Show that A2 A + I = 0, where 0 is the zero matrix.

(4)

(d) Deduce that

(i) A3 = I;

(ii) A1 = I A.
(5)
(Total 20 marks)

2 2
26. Consider = cos i sin .
3 3

(a) Show that

(i) 3 = 1;

(ii) 1 + + 2 = 0.
(5)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 10

 2 4
i i
(b) (i) i
Deduce that e + e 3
e 3
= 0.

(ii) Illustrate this result for = on an Argand diagram.
2
(4)

(c) (i) Expand and simplify F(z) = (z 1)(z )(z 2) where z is a complex number.

(ii) Solve F(z) = 7, giving your answers in terms of .

(7)
(Total 16 marks)

27. (a) Solve the equation z3 = 2 + 2i, giving your answers in modulusargument form.
(6)

(b) Hence show that one of the solutions is 1 + i when written in Cartesian form.
(1)
(Total 7 marks)

28. The complex number z is defined as z = cos + i sin .

(a) State de Moivres theorem.

(1)

1
(b) Show that zn = 2i sin (n).
zn
(3)

5
1
(c) Use the binomial theorem to expand z giving your answer in simplified form.
z
(3)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 11

 (d) Hence show that 16 sin5 = sin 5 5 sin 3 + 10 sin .
(4)

(e) Check that your result in part (d) is true for = .
4
(4)

(f) Find
0
2 sin 5 d .
(4)

(g) Hence, with reference to graphs of circular functions, find 0
2 cos5 d , explaining your
reasoning.
(3)
(Total 22 marks)

29. Find the values of n such that (1 + 3 i)n is a real number.

(Total 5 marks)

30. (a) Let z = x + iy be any non-zero complex number.

1
(i) Express in the form u + iv.
z

1
(ii) If z k, k , show that either y = 0 or x2 + y2 = 1.
z

(iii) Show that if x2 + y2 = 1 then k 2.

(8)

(b) Let w = cos + i sin .

(i) Show that wn + wn = 2cos n, n .

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 12

 (ii) Solve the equation 3w2 w + 2 w1 + 3w2 = 0, giving the roots in the
form x + iy.
(14)
(Total 22 marks)

1 a
1 i 3
31. Express 3
in the form where a, b .
b
(Total 5 marks)

2 2
32. Let w = cos i sin .
5 5

(a) Show that w is a root of the equation z5 1 = 0.

(3)

(b) Show that (w 1) (w4 + w3 + w2 + w + 1) = w5 1 and deduce that

w4 + w3 + w2 + w + 1 = 0.
(3)

2 4 1
(c) Hence show that cos cos .
5 5 2
(6)
(Total 12 marks)

33.
z1 = 1 i 3 m
and z2 = 1 i .
n

(a) Find the modulus and argument of z1 and z2 in terms of m and n, respectively.
(6)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 13

 (b) Hence, find the smallest positive integers m and n such that z1 = z2.
(8)
(Total 14 marks)

34. Find the three cube roots of the complex number 8i. Give your answers in the form x + iy.
(Total 8 marks)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 14