Study Guide For Science Periodic 2 Term 2 6 Grade Life Science-Sections 1.1, 1.2, & 1.3

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Study Guide for Science Periodic 2 Term 2

6th Grade Life Science-Sections 1.1, 1.2, & 1.3
Define the following key terms and study each.
Cell Membrane A cell structure that surrounds a cell, holds it together, and
controls what materials enter and leave the cell.
Cell Wall A plant cell structure outside the cell membrane that
surrounds and protects a cell.
Nucleus A cell structure that contains chromosomes (genetic

information) and controls all of the cells activities.
Mitochondria
See below mitochondria
Vacuole
A cell structure that stores food, water, or wastes in a cell.
Mitochondria
(pleural) An organelle in which sugar (glucose) releases energy in a
form that cells can use. (Power houses of the cell!)
(Mitochondrion-
only one-
singular)
Cell Division A process by which cells new cells are made.
Photosynthesis The process of making food in plants. Plant needs sunlight,

water, and Carbon dioxide. As a result, glucose (sugar) is
made and Oxygen is released.
Cellular A process by which sugar changes into a form of energy that

Respiration the cell can use. Takes place within the mitochondria.
1. State the Cell Theory (three statements).

All living things are made up of one or more cells
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things.
Cells come from other (pre-existing) cells (through cell division)
2. What are the basic needs of living things?

The basic needs of living things include water, food, oxygen (certain gases),
shelter and space, a range of temperatures to carry out lifes processes, and
some need sunlight.
3. What are the characteristics of living things? (What makes an organism
alive)
Organisms grow
Organisms develop
Respond to changes in the environment
Reproduce
Use Energy to carry out lifes processes
4. Movement in and out of a cell: What is the difference between active and
passive transport?
Passive transport is the cell allowing certain substances to pass through
without using any energy. Diffusion and osmosis are both modes of
passive transport. Active transport is transport across a cell membrane
that requires cellular energy.
Label the sketch: Which type of cellular transport is shown?
__Passive Transport Active Transport

5. A. Which substances are most likely to be transported during passive
transport?
Water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.
B. Which substances are most likely to be transferred during active

transport?
Sugar, proteins, or waste material (larger particles).
6. Explain the difference between cell division in a multicellular (many-

celled) organism and cell division in a unicellular (single-celled) organism.
Cell division in a many-celled organism is used to repair damages tissues
and for growth.
In a single-celled organism, cell division would be reproduction: creating
a new single-celled organism.
7. List the levels of organization within an organism from simplest to most

complex:
Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, and organism!
Label the correct level of organization
A. Organ
B. Tissue
C. Cell
D. Organ system: Skeletal system
8. What are the differences between a plant and an animal cell?

The differences between a plant and an animal cell is that plant cells have
chloroplasts and a cell wall. Also, a plant cell has a large vacuole, whereas an
animal cell has numerous smaller vacuoles.
9. How does the mitochondria and chloroplasts work to provide an organism

with energy?
Chloroplasts is the place where photosynthesis occurs and glucose (sugar) is made.
Cells cannot use the glucose for energy, so it has to be converted to a form of
energy that the cell can use (ATP) through the process of cellular respiration within
the mitochondria.
10.Which organ systems work together to help you play a sport? Explain
how.
The muscular system helps you move, along with the skeletal system,
which provides support and protection. The digestive system can help by
absorbing nutrients so that youll have energy to move. The nervous
system controls all of these systems.
Systems of the Body

Describe the Function of the following systems
Digestive System Takes in and digests (breaks down) food.

(Includes the stomach, intestines, esophagus,
and liver.)
Respiratory System Picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.

Includes heart, lungs, and trachea.
Muscular System
Causes movement of body parts.
Includes all muscles (Cardiac, skeletal, and
smooth).
Skeletal System
Supports and moves body parts. Also protects
organs. Includes all bones.
Digestive system See Digestive system
Circulatory System Pumps blood and moves it all throughout body.

Includes veins, arteries, and the heart!
Nervous System Controls all body systems. (nerves and brain)
Excretory System Removes excess wastes from the body. ( includes

the bladder, kidneys, and intestines)
Reproductive System Makes more organisms of the same kind.

Includes (Female: ovaries, uterus, etc. Male:
testes, etc.)

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Name: ANSWER SHEET

Study Guide for Science Periodic 2 Term 2

Define the following key terms and study each.

Nucleus A cell structure that contains chromosomes (genetic

Cell Division A process by which cells new cells are made.

Photosynthesis The process of making food in plants. Plant needs sunlight,

Cellular A process by which sugar changes into a form of energy that

1. State the Cell Theory (three statements).

Cells come from other (pre-existing) cells (through cell division)

2. What are the basic needs of living things?

Label the sketch: Which type of cellular transport is shown?

__Passive Transport Active Transport

B. Which substances are most likely to be transferred during active

6. Explain the difference between cell division in a multicellular (many-

7. List the levels of organization within an organism from simplest to most

Label the correct level of organization

D. Organ system: Skeletal system

8. What are the differences between a plant and an animal cell?

9. How does the mitochondria and chloroplasts work to provide an organism

Systems of the Body

Digestive System Takes in and digests (breaks down) food.

Respiratory System Picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.

Digestive system See Digestive system

Circulatory System Pumps blood and moves it all throughout body.

Nervous System Controls all body systems. (nerves and brain)

Excretory System Removes excess wastes from the body. ( includes

Reproductive System Makes more organisms of the same kind.

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