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LabVIEW Based EIS DataInterpreter 04

This document summarizes how electrical bioimpedance spectroscopy can be used to analyze different electrical circuit models based on their Nyquist plots. It shows Nyquist plots for basic circuit models including resistors and capacitors in series and parallel. More complex models with multiple circuit blocks in series are also examined. The position and shape of semicircular arcs and linear regions in the Nyquist plots provide information about the resistance and capacitance values in the underlying circuit models.

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Tushar Kanti Bera
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© © All Rights Reserved
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106 views

LabVIEW Based EIS DataInterpreter 04

This document summarizes how electrical bioimpedance spectroscopy can be used to analyze different electrical circuit models based on their Nyquist plots. It shows Nyquist plots for basic circuit models including resistors and capacitors in series and parallel. More complex models with multiple circuit blocks in series are also examined. The position and shape of semicircular arcs and linear regions in the Nyquist plots provide information about the resistance and capacitance values in the underlying circuit models.

Uploaded by

Tushar Kanti Bera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bera et al.: A LabVIEW-based electrical bioimpedance spectroscopic data interpreter.

J Electr Bioimp, 7, 35-54, 2016

property and its impedance response. As for example, the Figure 2a shows a r-C series circuit and its impedance
Nyquist plots of some basic circuit models have been spectra (Nyquist plot). Figure 2b shows an electrical circuit
discussed in the Figure 2. model containing Rp and Cp connected in parallel and its
Nyquist plot. As shown in Figure 2b, the Nyquist plot
contains a semi-circular arc that represent the two parallel
circuit blocks, (Rp||Cp).

If a model contains a series resistance (r) along with the


a parallel branch (Rp||Cp) as shown in Figure 2c, the
impedance spectra will be shifted toward positive real axis
and the amount of the shift will indicate the magnitude of
the resistance r. Figure 2d shows an equivalent electrical
circuit model of an object containing several R and C
components and its impedance spectra. This model contains
three sub-circuit blocks or sub-circuit parts connected in
b series: Rs, (Rp1||Cp1) and (Rp2||Cp2). As shown in Figure 2d,
the Nyquist plot contains two semi-circular arcs that
represent the two parallel circuit blocks, (Rp1||Cp1) and
(Rp2||Cp2). The high-frequency part of the spectra (left side
of the graph) cuts the x-axis at a particular distance away
from the y-axis, and this distance represents the series

c
resistance (Rs). Similarly, Figure 2e shows the Nyquist plot
of a different electrical circuit model, which contains two
parts connected in series, (Rp1||Cp1) and ((Rp2+W)||Cp2). Its
impedance spectra contain two semi-circular arcs for two
parallel circuit blocks, (Rp1||Cp1) and ((Rp2+W)||Cp2). The
linear part of the spectra on the low-frequency side (right
side of the graph) indicates Warburg impedance (W) [55-
59], resulting from the diffusion effect [58-61] on
electrodes at low frequencies.

Fig.2: Nyquist plots for different circuit combinations. (a)


Nyquist plots for a circuit combination containing a resistor r
and a capacitor C in series, (b) Nyquist plots for a circuit Fig.3: Nyquist plots of circuit combinations containing two sub-
combination containing a resistor Rp and a capacitor Cp in circuit blocks: one with series resistance, Rs, and another
parallel (Rp||Cp), (c) Nyquist plots for a circuit combination containing a CPE in parallel with resistance Rp (Rp || CPE).
containing two sub-circuit blocks with a series resistance of Rs
and the parallel combination of Rp and a capacitor Cp (Rp||Cp) (d)
Nyquist plots for a circuit combination containing three sub- In some cases, the Nyquist plots are semi-circular arcs with
circuit blocks with a series resistance of Rs, (Rp1||Cp1) and (Rp2 || their centers some distance below the x-axis. These
Cp2). (e) Nyquist plots for a circuit combination containing two depressed semi-circular Nyquist plots are complex to
sub-circuit blocks, (Rp1||Cp1) and ((Rp2+ Warburg impedance analyze because of the involvement of the CPE circuit.
(W)) || Cp2), connected in series. Figure 3 presents a depressed semi-circular Nyquist plot,
where the equivalent circuit contains the CPE in parallel

38

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