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List of Keywords, System
Tasks, and Compiler
Directives =
C.1 Keywords
Keywords are predefined, nonescaped identifiers that define the language
constructs. An escaped identifier is never treated as a keyword. All keywords are
defined in lowercase. The list is sorted in alphabetical order.
Oey gn gage Drea
begin but butifo butift
deassign default, defparan disable
eage else end endattribute
endcase enéfunction endmodule endprimitive
| endspecity endtable endtask event
for force forever fork
function highzo nighz1 it
initial inout input integer
join large macronodule medium
nodule and negedge mos
nor not notif0 notift
| or output paraneter mos
| poseage primitive pullo pullt
pulldown pullup renos real
realtime reg release repeat
znnos zpmos rtran reranifo
ztranifl scalared signed emall
specify specparan strength strongd
strongl supply0 supplyt table
task time tran tranifo
eranié1 ray trio eril
eriand trior trireg unsigned
vectored wait wana weakd
weak1 while wire wor=c
C.2 System Tasks and Functions
The following is a list of keywords frequently used by Verilog simulators for
names of system tasks and functions. Not all system tasks and functions are
explained in this book. For details, refer to Verilog HDL Language Reference Manual
This list is sorted in alphabetical order.
sbitstoreal Scountdrivers $display Sfclose
Sidisplay Sfopen S£strobe
Sfwrite Sfinish Sgetpattern Shistory
Sincsave Sinpue Sitor Skey
slist Siog Smonitor Smonitorott
§monitoron Snokey
C.3 Compiler Directives
The following is a list of keywords frequently used by Verilog simulators for
specifying compiler directives. Only the most frequently used directives are
discussed in the book. For details, refer to Verilog HDL Language Reference Manual.
‘This list is sorted in alphabetical order.
‘accelerate ‘autoexpand_vectornets ‘celldefine
Sdefault_nettype “define ‘define
selse sendcelldefine endif
sendprotect endprotected ‘expand_vectorners
“itaee include noaccelerate
noexpand_vectornet's ‘noremove_gatenanes ‘nounconnected_drive
rotect ‘protected *renove_gatenames
‘remove_netnames ‘resetall ‘timescale
‘unconnected drive
en Verilog HDL: A Guide to Digital Design and SynthesisFormal Syntax Definition D=
The following items summarize the format of the formal syntax descriptions:
1. Whitespace may be used to separate lexical tokens.
2. Angle brackets surround each description item and are nor literal symbols; that,
is, they do not appear in a source example of a syntax item,
3. in lowercase is a syntax construct item defined by other syntax construct
items or by lexical token items (see next item)
4, in uppercase is a lexical token item. Its definition is a terminal node in
the description hierarchy; that is, its definition does not contain any syntax
construct items
? is an optional item.
* is zero, one, or more items,
+ is one or more items.
<,>* is a comma-separated list of items with at least one item
in the list.
9. if [condition] is a condition placed on one of several definitions.
10. ::= gives a syntax definition to an item.
LL, Ils introduces an alternative syntax definition.
12, name is a literal (a keyword). For example, the definition
.= event stipulates that the keyword “event” precedes the
name of an event in an event declaration,
13. (+) places parenthesis symbols in a definition. These parentheses are literals
required by the syntax being defined. Other literal symbols can also appear in a
definition (for example, . and :)
In Verilog syntax, a period (.) may not be preceded or followed by a space.
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