Course Contents DVM

CURRICULUM
OF
Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM)
for
5-Year Composite Degree Program
(Revised 2010)
HIG HER ISSION

EDUC ATIO N CO MM
HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISSION

ISLAMABAD
1
CURRICULUM DIVISION, HEC
Dr. Syed Sohail H. Naqvi Executive Director
Prof. Dr. Altaf Ali G. Shaikh Member (Acad)
Miss Ghayyur Fatima Director (Curri)
Dr. M. Tahir Ali Shah Deputy Director (Curri)
Composed by: Pakeeza Yousuf, HEC, Islamabad
2
CONTENTS
1. Introduction 6
2. Template for 5-year Composite 15

Degree programme in DVM
3. Scheme of Studies for 5-year in DVM 18
4. Detail of Courses for 5-year Composite 21

Degree Programme in DVM
5. Details of Compulsory Courses 98
3
PREFACE
The curriculum of subject is described as a throbbing pulse of a nation. By
viewing curriculum one can judge the stage of development and its pace of
socio-economic development of a nation. With the advent of new
technology, the world has turned into a global village. In view of
tremendous research taking place world over new ideas and information
pours in like of a stream of fresh water, making it imperative to update the
curricula after regular intervals, for introducing latest development and
innovation in the relevant field of knowledge.
In exercise of the powers conferred under Section 3 Sub-Section 2 (ii) of

Act of Parliament No. X of 1976 titled Supervision of Curricula and
Textbooks and Maintenance of Standard of Education the erstwhile
University Grants Commission was designated as competent authority to
develop review and revise curricula beyond Class-XII. With the repeal of
UGC Act, the same function was assigned to the Higher Education
Commission under its Ordinance of 2002 Section 10 Sub-Section 1 (v).
In compliance with the above provisions, the HEC undertakes revamping

and refurbishing of curricula after regular intervals in a democratic manner
involving universities/DAIs, research and development institutions and local
Chamber of Commerce and Industry. The intellectual inputs by expatriate
Pakistanis working in universities and R&D institutions of technically
advanced countries are also invited to contribute and their views are
incorporated where considered appropriate by the National Curriculum
Revision Committee (NCRC).
To bring international compatibility to qualifications held from Pakistani

universities/DAIs for promotion of students mobility and job seekers around
the globe, the DVM degree comprises 7.9% compulsory, 6.9% general /
supporting, 27% foundation and courses and 58.13% major courses.
In line with above, NCRC comprising senior university faculty and experts
from various stakeholders and the respective accreditation councils has
finalized the curriculum for Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM). The same
is being recommended for adoption by the universities/DAIs channelizing
through relevant statutory bodies of the universities.
PROF. DR. ALTAF ALI G. SHAIKH

Member Academics
March 2010
4
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
STAGE-I STAGE-II STAGE-III STAGE-IV
CURRI. UNDER CURRI. IN DRAFT FINAL STAGE FOLLOW UP

CONSIDERATION STAGE
COLLECTION OF EXP
NOMINATION UNI,
ST
R&D, INDUSTRY & APPRAISAL OF 1 PREP. OF FINAL QUESTIONNAIRE
COUNCILS DRAFT BY EXP CURRI.
CONS. OF NCRC. FINAL COMMENTS

PRINTING OF CURRI.
IZATION OF DRAFT BY
NCRC
PREP. OF DRAFT BY REVIEW
NCRC
IMPLE. OF CURRI.
Abbreviations Used:
NCRC. National Curriculum Revision Committee

ORIENTATION BACK TO STAGE-I
COURSES BY
VCC. Vice-Chancellors Committee
LI, HEC
EXP. Experts
COL. Colleges
UNI. Universities
PREP. Preparation
REC. Recommendations
LI Learning Innovation
R&D Research & Development Organization 5
HEC Higher Education Commission

INTRODUCTION
In pursuance of the decision taken in the meeting between the representatives

of HEC, PVMC and the selective members of Curriculum Revision Committee
for the DVM in its meeting held on November 26, 2010 at the Mural Hall, HEC
a special one day session of National Curriculum Revision Committee for the
subject was held in Regional Centre, Lahore on January 13, 2011. Following
attended the meeting:-
PAKISTAN VETERINARY AND MEDICAL COUNCIL (PVMC)

1. Dr. Muhammad Arshad, President, PVMC, Livestock Complex,
16-Cooper Road, Lahore
2. Dr. Maqsood Ahmed Raikhi, Acting Secretary / Registrar, PVMC, House # FA- 88,
Street # 94, Main Double Road, I-8/4, Islamabad
MEMBERS NATIONAL CURRICULUM REVISION COMMITTEE IN

DOCTOR OF VETERINARY MEDICINE (DVM)
3. Prof. Dr. Sikandar Hayat, Convener

Dean,
Faculty of Veterinary Sciences,
Bahauddin Zakariya University,
Multan
4. Dr. Muhammad Arshad, Member
President,
PVMC, Livestock Complex,
16-Cooper Road,
Lahore
5. Dr. Akram Munir, Member
MinFAL, 38-Khalid Plaza,
Blue Area, Islamabad
6. Dr. Habib ur Rehman, Member
Professor,
Department of Physiology and Bio-Chemistry,
University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences,
Lahore
7. Dr. Ahrar Khan, Member
Professor,
Faculty of Veterinary Science,
University of Agriculture,
Faisalabad
6
8. Prof. Ghulam Habib, Member
Advisor,
Department of Animal Health
(DVM Program), Government of the Punjab,
Lahore
9. Prof. Dr. Khushi Muhammad, Member
Chairman,
Department of Microbiology,
Lahore
10. Prof. Dr. Azhar Maqbool, Member
Professor & Chairman,
Department of Parasitology,
Lahore
11. Dr. Shahan Azeem, Member
Assistant Professor,
Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery,
Lahore
12. Dr. Sharif Phullan Member
Professor/Dean
Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Science
Lasbela University, Uthal, Baluchistan
13. Dr. Mian Abdul Sattar, Member
Associate Professor,
Theniogenoloty
Lahore.
14. Dr, Amir Bukhsh Kalhoro, Member
Dean,
Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Vet. Sciences
Sindh Agriculture University,
Tandojam
15. Dr. Anjum Khalique, Member
Professor,
Department of Food & Nutrition,
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,
Lahore.
16. Dr. Alamdar Hussain Malik, Member/Secretary
Former Secretary / Registrar, PVMC,
House # FA-88, Street # 94,
Main Double Road, I-8/4,
Islamabad
7
Higher Education Commission
17. Prof. Dr. Altaf Ali G. Shaikh, Member (Academics), HEC
18. Mr. Muhammad Javed Khan, Adviser (Academics), HEC
19. Mr. Malik Arshad Mahmood, Director (Curriculum), HEC
20. Dr. M. Tahir Ali Shah, Deputy Director (Curriculum), HEC
The meeting was chaired jointly by Member (Academics), President PVMC

and the convener of NCRC.
The meeting started with recitation of few verses from the Holy Quran. The
Member (Academics) in his opening remarks referred to international norms
whereby a semester of 16-18 week duration can bring maximum of 15-18
credit hours and that the grant of credit is based on number of contact hours
between teachers and taught. According to him one contact hour of theory
class is counted as one credit hour which 3 contact hours of practical class is
counted as one credit hour. He also referred to a meeting between the
Executive Director and the Members of NCRC wherein the above principle
was adopted saying that the Commission has followed same practice while
assigning credit hours of all its curricula being practiced in the universities.
According to Prof. Shaikh, the extent of number of credit for DVM course
which spreads over 5 years/10 semesters can range between 170-175 credit
hours.
The members deliberated at length the mode of grant of Grade Point Average
(GPA) and Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) as well as reflecting the
same in the diploma supplement or the transcript. After discussing pros and
cons of the issue, the Committee agreed to recommend the following;
1. That the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Degree shall comprise 5

years/10 semesters and shall be awarded upon qualifying 170-175
credits hours.
2. That three contact hours in practical classes per week per semester will
be counted as one credit hour and one contact hour in theory.
3. That the Diploma Supplement/Transcript for the students admitted from
spring session of 2011 shall carry contact hours instead of credit hours
and shall bears following footnote.
One contact hour for theory equals to 1 credit hour

Three contact hours for practical equal to 1 credit hour
All the Members except Dr. Habib-ur-Rehman, Professor of Physiology and

Biochemistry, from University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Lahore
agreed to the above. Dr. Habib, however, referred his own point of view and
did not agree to the recommendations.
8
Minutes of Final meeting February 9, 2010
The National Curriculum Revision special meeting was held on February 9, 2010
at Higher Education Commission, Islamabad to resolve the issue of credit hours
and finalize the draft curriculum revised on 9 February 2010 at HEC , Islamabad.
The following comprise the committee.
Sr. Name
1. Dr. Habib ur Rehman,
Professor,
Lahore
2. Dr. Muhammad Younas,

Professor / Dean,
Faculty of Animal Husbandry,
Faisalabad
3. Prof. Ghulam Habib,

Department of Animal Health (DVM Program),
NWFP Agricultural University,
Peshawar
4. Prof. Dr. Khushi Muhammad,

Chairman,
Lahore
5. Prof. Dr. Azhar Maqbool,

Lahore
6. Dr. Shahan Azeem,

Lahore
9
Sr. Name
7. Prof. Dr. M. Athar Khan,
Associate Professor (T.T),
Department of Epidemiology & Public Health,
Lahore
8. Dr. Sharif Phullan

Professor/Dean
Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Science
Lasbela Univeristy, Uthal,
Balochistan
9. Dr. Mian Abdul Sattar,

Theniogenoloty
Lahore.
10. Dr. Anjum Khalique,

Professor,
Lahore
11. Dr. Ahrar Khan,

Faisalabad
Prof. Dr. Sohail H. Naqvi, Executive Director, HEC presided over the meeting.
He emphasized that the component of social sciences. English and Mathematics
must be included in the final version of the curriculum. He asked the members of
the committee to follow the approved HEC template while finalizing the draft
curriculum.
Dr. Altaf Ali G. Sheikh, Member Academics, HEC proposed to convert the credit
hours, allocated to each course, into contact hours so that it may fit into the HEC
approved Template without compromising on the course requirements. The
committee after a detailed deliberation agreed upon and the Scheme of Studies
and template for the 5-year composite degree program for the Doctor of
Veterinary Medicine was redesigned in the light of Dr. Sheikhs proposal.
10
Minutes of Previous Meetings
The National Curriculum Revision meeting was held on 17-19 August 2009 at
HEC RC Lahore to finalize the draft curriculum revised in preliminary meeting of
NCRC in DVM . The following comprise the committee.
Sr. Name
12. Prof. Dr. Skindar Hayat, Convener
Dean,
Bahaudding Zakariya University,
Multan
13. Dr. Muhammad Arshad, Member

President,
PVMC, Livestock Complex,
16-Cooper Road, Lahore
14. Dr. R. H. Usmani, Member

Animal Husbandry Commissioner,
MinFAL, 38-Khalid Plaza,
Blue Area, Islamabad
15. Dr. Habib ur Rehman, Member

Professor,
Lahore
16. Dr. Muhammad Younas, Member

Professor / Dean,
Faculty of Animal Husbandry,
Faisalabad
17. Prof. Ghulam Habib, Member

Department of Animal Health (DVM Program),
NWFP Agricultural University,
Peshawar
18. Prof. Dr. Khushi Muhammad, Member

Chairman,
Lahore
11
Sr. Name
19. Prof. Dr. Azhar Maqbool, Member
Lahore
20. Dr. Shahan Azeem, Member

Lahore
21. Prof. Dr. M. Athar Khan, Member

Associate Professor (T.T),
Department of Epidemiology & Public Health,
Lahore
22. Dr. Ahmad Ali, Member

Assistant Professor (Tenure Track System),
Department of Livestock Production,
Lahore
23. Dr. Sharif Phullan Member

Professor/Dean
Facuklty of Vetrenary & Animal Scinence
Lasbela Univeristy, Uthal,
Balochistan
24. Dr. Mian Abdul Sattar, Member

Theniogenoloty
Lahore.
25. Dr. Amir Bukhsh Kalhoro, Member

Dean,
Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Vet. Sciences
Sindh Agriculture University,
Tandojam
26. Dr. Anjum Khalique, Member

Professor,
Lahore
12
Sr. Name
27. Dr. Alamdar Hussain Malik, Member/Secretary
Secretary / Registrar, PVMC,
House # FA-88, Street # 94,
Main Double Road, I-8/4,
Islamabad
In 2008, the Higher Education Commission initiated an exercise to review and

revise the scheme of studies and curricula of the 5 year composite degree
program of DVM in collaboration with the Pakistan Veterinary Medical Council
(PVMC). The first meeting was held in this regard on 07-09 August, 2008 in the
Higher Education Commission Regional Centre, Lahore under the chairmanship
of Prof. Dr. Sikandar Hayat, Dean, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin
Zakaryia University, Multan and co-chairmanship of Dr. R. H. Usmani, Animal
Husbandry Commissioner, MINFAL. Dr. Alamdar Hussain Malilk, Registrar of
PVMC, was assigned to act as Secretary of the committee. An effort has been
made to include HEC recommended compulsory courses like English, Pakistan
Studies, Islamic Studies, Computer Science and Statistics etc. The committee
finalized The DVM 5-years degree program which was also approved by the
council in its 28th meeting held on 14-04-09. The 5-year DVM degree comprises
of 10 semesters. The 10th semester is exclusively devoted to internship by the
students at various animal production and veterinary science related institutes in
the private and public sector.
To implement the scheme of study and contents of courses of 5-years DVM

degree program, number of meetings were held between HEC and PVMC
authorities with the sole objective to have the backup supports of both the
regularity authorities for its successful implementation.
HEC organized another PVMC HEC joint curriculum committee on 7-8

September 2009 in the Higher Education Commission Regional Centre, Lahore
before implementing the revised scheme of study. The inaugural session was
presided by Prof. Dr. Altaf Ali G. Sheikh Member (Acad.). The member academic
welcomed all the participants who came over from all parts of the country. The
session started with the recitation of Talawat Quran. Prof. Dr. Altaf Ali G. Sheikh
shared his views with the members of the committee that HEC is also after the
quality of Veterinary Education in Pakistan i.e. the reason the HEC joined hand
with the PVMC to achieve the common goal to strengthen the Veterinary
Education which will in return enhance the productivity in general and to counter
the Veterinary diseases in particular. He further stressed that the total credit
hours 199 proposed in the last meeting was acknowledge by the HEC authorities
with the observation that the credit hours of English may be enhanced and a new
course of mathematics may also be included in the scheme of study for the
uniformity of the curriculum with other discipline. He further said that the
13
committee may discuss the internship program placement and the contact hour
formula recommended by the HEC.
Responding to the Prof. Dr. Altaf Ali G. Sheikh Member (Acad.) the convener of
the committee Prof. Dr. Sikandar Hayat appreciated the support and concern of
the member academic HEC and also appraised the house regarding the
background of the previous efforts of the committees of PVMC HEC in the
regard. The convener of the committee further assured that the house will
discuss the suggestions of HEC. Dr. Alamdar Hussain Malik Secretary
Committee on the behalf of the president council welcomed all the participants
and loudly acknowledged the developmental efforts of HEC to promote and
strengthen the DVM degree program. Dr. Alamdar also acknowledged the
unprecedented accommodative support of Prof. Dr. Altaf Ali G. Shiekh Member
Acad. for the implementation of the DVM degree program. Dr. Alamdar further
said that the way HEC is extended its support to PVMC shall definitely enable
the organization to implement its mandates given by the National Parliament.
After inaugural session, the meeting was chaired by the convener of the
committee Prof. Dr. Sikandar Hayat and Dr. Alamdar Hussain Malik Registrar of
PVMC acted as Secretary of the Committee. The committee discussed in detail
the lecture wise contents of each subject and finally approved 202 credit hours
with the inclusion of one new subject i.e. Mathematics of two credit hours and
addition of one credit hour of English. The committee discussed in detail the
contact hour formula and internship program placement with the decision that
the PVMC authorities may convene a special meeting with the HEC in this
regard and convey the observation of the committee members regarding it
implementation. It may however, be kept in mind that the credit hours
requirement are linked with the first nine semester. Dr. Muhammad Arshad
President PVMC discussed with the Member (Acad.) HEC regarding the
background of the up-gradation of curriculum of the DVM degree program.
President council also appreciated the positive role of the HEC to strengthen the
Veterinary Education and further discussed with the Member Acad. that who
further PVMC HEC can move forward in this regard.
At the end of the meeting the members unanimously approved the curriculum for
5-year composite DVM degree. It may however be kept in mind that the contact
hours requirements are linked with the first nine semesters and certain
compulsory courses have been added which were previously not included in the
scheme of studies of 5-year DVM program.
14
TEMPLATE FOR 5 YEAR DOCTOR OF VETERINARY
MEDICINE (DVM) DEGREE PROGRAM
1. Compulsory Courses:
These are the courses which are compulsory to the students of DVM
program:
Subject Contact Hours
Theory Practical
Islamic Studies / Ethics 1 0
English I (Functional) 2 0
Pakistan Studies 1 0
English II (Communication Skill) 2 0
Biostatistics 2 2
Computer applications 0 2
English III 2 0
(Technical Report Writing and
Presentation)
Extension Education of Livestock 2 0
Mathematics 2 0
Total Compulsory Courses (contact hours) 14 4
It comprises 7.92 % of the program.
2. General / Supporting Courses:

These are interdisciplinary courses which provide basis for other more
important courses of the degree.
Theory Practical
General biochemistry 2 2
Biochemistry of Metabolism 2 0
Molecular Biology 2 2
Introduction to Fisheries and Aquaculture 1 2
Livestock Economics and Business 3 0
Management
Lab and Zoo Animal Management 1 0
Total General / Supporting Courses 11 6
(contact hours)
3. Foundation courses:
These courses provide students with fundamental concepts needed to
take major course of study for the degree.

Theory Practical
General and Systemic Anatomy 1 6
General Histology and Embryology 1 4
15
Comparative Anatomy 1 6
Introduction to livestock Management 0 2
Systematic Histology 1 4
Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Renal 2 2
Physiology
Physiology of Digestion and Lactation 2 2
Endocrinology and Neuromuscular Physiology 1 2
Introduction to Poultry Production 1 2
General Microbiology 2 2
Introduction to Animal Breeding and Genetics 3 2
Principles of Animal Nutrition 2 2
General Pathology 3 2
General Parasitology 1 2
Fundamentals of Immunology 1 2
General Pharmacology and Pharmaceutics 2 2
General medicine 2 2
General surgery & Anesthesiology 1 4
Introduction to Reproductive Biotechnology 2 0
Total Foundation Courses (contact Hours) 29 50
4. Major Courses:
These are specialized courses that form the pivot of the degree.

Theory Practical
Veterinary Protozoology 1 2
Animal Feed Resources and Forage 2 2
Conservation
Poultry breeding and hatchery Management 1 2
Systemic Veterinary Pathology 3 2
Veterinary Helminthology 3 2
Veterinary Bacteriology and Mycology 2 2
Small Ruminant Production 1 2
Ruminant Nutrition 1 2
Feed Evaluation, Formulation and Processing 2 2
Systematic Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2 2
Systemic Veterinary Virology 2 2
Veterinary Entomology 2 2
Necropsy Practices 0 2
Poultry Nutrition 1 2
Beef Production 1 2
Dairy Production 2 2
Dairy Technology 1 2
Dairy Herd Health 1 2
Animal Reproduction & Artificial Insemination 2 2
Veterinary Toxicology and Chemotherapy 1 2
16
Diagnostic Imaging 1 2
Poultry Housing and Farm Management 2 2
Large Animal Surgery 1 2
Systemic Veterinary Medicine I 3 0
Meat Hygiene and Public Health 1 2
Milk Hygiene and Public Health 1 2
Animal Breeding Plans and Policies 2 2
Equine and Camel Production 0 4
Reproduction Clinic I 0 4
Medicine Clinic I 0 4
Surgery Clinic I 0 4
Veterinary Obstetrics and Genital Diseases 2 4
Systemic Veterinary Medicine II 3 0
Forensic Medicine & Jurisprudence 1 0
Shoeing and Soundness 1 2
Small Animal Surgery 1 4
Reproduction Clinic II 0 4
Medicine Clinic II 0 4
Surgery Clinic II 0 4
Livestock Farm Operations 0 4
Veterinary Clinical Pathology 0 4
Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health 2 2
Poultry Pathology 1 4
Meat and Slaughter Byproducts Technology 2 2
Reproduction Clinic III 0 4
Medicine Clinic III 0 4
Surgery Clinic III 0 4
Poultry Farm Operations 0 4
Feed Mill Operation 0 4
Total Major Courses (contact hours) 55 126
It comprises 58.41% of the program
1. Elective Courses:
These courses are not applicable to Doctor of Veterinary Medicine degree
program.
2. Research Project:
Internship program is conducted in the 10th semester which is a
compulsory component of DVM degree program.
17
SCHEME OF STUDIES
FOR FIVE YEARS DVM COMPOSITE DEGREE PROGREMME
(MODIFIED)
COURSE Contact Hours

COURSE TITLE
NO. Theory Practical
ANAT General and Systemic Anatomy 1 6
ANAT General Veterinary Histology and Embryology 1 4
BIOCHEM General Biochemistry 2 2
PHYSIOL Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Renal 2 2
IT Computer
Physiologyapplications 0 2
LM Introduction to Livestock Management 0 2
PH Introduction to Poultry Production 1 2
SS Islamic Studies/Ethics 1 0
SS English - I (Functional English) 2 0
Total 10 20
ANAT Comparative Anatomy 1 6
ANAT Systemic Veterinary Histology 1 4
MICRO General Veterinary Microbiology 2 2
PHYSIOL Physiology of Digestion and Lactation 2 2
BIOCHEM Biochemistry of Metabolism 2 0
ABG Introduction to Animal Breeding and Genetics 3 2
AN Principles of Animal Nutrition 2 2
SS Pakistan Studies 1 0
Total 14 18
PATH General Veterinary Pathology 3 2

PARA General Veterinary Parasitology 1 2
PARA Veterinary Protozooloy 1 2
MICRO Molecular Biology 2 2
MICRO Fundamentals of Immunology 1 2
AN Animal Feed Resources and Forage 2 2
PHYSIOL Endocrinology
Conservation and Neuromuscular Physiology 1 2
PH Poultry breeding and Hatchery Management 1 2
SS English - II (Communication Skills) 2 0
MATH Mathematics 2 0
Total 16 16
PATH Systemic Veterinary Pathology 3 2
PARA Veterinary Helminthology 3 2
MICRO Bacteriology and Mycology 2 2
PHARMA General Veterinary Pharmacology and 2 2
FISH Introduction
Pharmaceuticsto Fisheries and Aquaculture 1 2
LM Small Ruminant Production 1 2
18
AN Feed Evaluation, formulation and Processing 2 2
STAT Biostatistics 2 2
Total 16 16
PHARMA Systemic Veterinary Pharmacology and 2 2
MICRO Therapeutics
Systemic Veterinary Virology 2 2
PARA Veterinary Entomology 2 2
LM Livestock Economics and Business 3 0
PATH Necropsy
ManagementPractices 0 2
AN Poultry Nutrition 1 2
AN Ruminant Nutrition 1 2
LM Dairy Production 2 2
EXT Livestock Extension Education 2 0
Total 15 14
MED General Veterinary Medicine 2 2
SURG General Veterinary Surgery & Anesthesiology 1 4
APT Dairy Technology 1 2
MED / EPI Dairy Herd Health 1 2
AR Animal Reproduction & Artificial Insemination 2 2
PHARMA Veterinary Toxicology and Chemotherapy 1 2
SURG Diagnostic Imaging 1 2
PH Poultry Housing and Farm Management 2 2
LM Beef Production 1 2
Total 12 20
SURG Large Animal Surgery 1 2
MED Systemic Veterinary Medicine - I 3 0
PATH Meat Hygiene and Public Health 1 2
EPI Milk Hygiene and Public Health 1 2
ABG Animal breeding Plans and Policies 2 2
LM Equine and Camel Production 0 4
AR Reproduction Clinic - I 0 4
MED Medicine Clinic - I 0 4
SURG Surgery Clinic - I 0 4
AR Veterinary Obstetrics and Genital diseases 2 4
Total 10 28
AR Introduction to Reproductive Biotechnologies 2 0
MED Systemic Veterinary Medicine - II 3 0
PATH Forensic Medicine & Jurisprudence 1 0
SURG Shoeing and Soundness 1 2
SURG Small animal Surgery 1 4
AR Reproduction clinic - II 0 4
MED Medicine Clinic - II 0 4
SURG Surgery Clinic - II 0 4
PATH Veterinary Clinical Pathology 0 4
Total 8 22
EPI Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health 2 2
PATH Poultry Pathology 1 4
ZOOLOGY Lab and Zoo animal Management 1 0
19
APT Meat and Slaughter Byproducts Technology 2 2
AR Reproduction Clinic - III 0 4
MED Medicine Clinic III 0 4
SURG Surgery Clinic III 0 4
AN Feed Mill Operation 0 4
Total 6 24
PH Poultry Farm Operations 0 4
LM Livestock Farm Operations 0 4

SS English III (Technical Report Writing and 2 0
Presentation)
Internship
Total 2 8
Total Contact Hours: Theory- 109 Practical- 186

One contact hour for theory equals to 1 credit hour.
Three contact hours for practical equal to 1 credit hour.
Total Credit hours = 171 (Theory +Practical)
20
DETAIL OF COURSES
FOR 5-YEAR COMPOSITE DVM DEGREE
PRGRAM
General/Supporting Courses
GENERAL BIOCHEMISTRY 4(2-2)
THEORY
Introduction to Biochemistry, Biochemical properties and function of
Water. Biochemical properties and function of Water, pH, Buffer, Buffer
solutions, Regulation of acid base balance, Henderson-Hasselbalch
equation, Buffer systems of body fluids. Respiratory acid base balance,
Renal regulation of hydrogen ion concentration, Biomemebrane, structure,
functions, mechanism of transport across the membrane, Passive
diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transportation, osmosis and osmotic
pressure, Introduction to carbohydrates and their classification;
monosaccharide, oligosaccharide and polysaccharide. Glycosidic
linkages. Stereisomerism, optical isomerism, optical activity sp. Rotation
and mutarotation., Chemical properties of monosacchrides,, Cyclic forms
of sugar and Heteropolysacchrides, Introduction to proteins, classification
of amino acids and Peptide linkage, Physiological significance, amphoteric
properties Isoelectric pH, Primary, Secondary Tertiary and Quaternary
structure of proteins, Classification of proteins; conjugated and derived
proteins, Functions of proteins, introduction to Enzymes, general
characteristics, Enzyme activity, specific activity, turns over number.
Chemical nature and difference with non biological catalysts, Michaels
Menton equation, Importance of Km and Vmax, Classification of enzymes,
Co-enzymes, Chemical and clinical importance of enzymes, Factors
affecting enzymes activity, inhibition, Introduction to lipids, Classification of
lipids; fatty acids, saturated, unsaturated & essential., Physical and
Chemical properties of fatty acids and triglycerides, Steroids, sterols and
cholesterol, Prostaglandins and their physiological role, Introduction to
nucleic acids Chemical composition and structures of DNA and RNA,
Functions of DNA & RNA, Central DOGMA and its significance.
PRACTICAL
Preparation of solution of different normalities, molarities and back
titration, Preparation of buffers of definite pH. Determination of pH values
of biological fluids, Demonstrate the practical application of Handerson-
Hasselbachs equation. To detect the carbohydrate in the given solution by
Molischs test, To detect the presence of reducing monosaccharides in the
given solution. To detect polysaccharide by Iodine test, To detect the
presence of reducing sugar in the given solution, To detect the presence
21
of Ketose sugar in the given solution by Selivanoffs test, Phenyl
Hydrazine Test, Hydrolysis Of Sucrose. Hydrolysis Of Starch, Identification
scheme for carbohydrates (To Identify An Unknown Carbohydrate In The
Given Solution), Biuret Test (To Detect The Presence Of Protein In The
Given Solution ), Precipitation Of Casein At Its Isoelectric Point. Heat
Coagulation Test. Salt Saturation Tests, Identification Scheme For
Proteins (To Identify An Unknown Protein In The Given Solution)
Properties of lipids (To Demonstrate That Lipids Do Not Wt Paper And
They Are Greasy In Nature). To Demonstrate The Solubility Of The Given
Lipid In Various Cold And Hot Solvents. To Demonstrate The
Emulsification Of Neutral Fat In Water And Solutions Of Sodium
Carbonate, Soap And Bile Salt, To Detect The Presence Of Cholesterol In
The Given Solution By Salkowiskis Reaction.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Ahmad Mushtaq, A. (2003). essential of medical biochemistry, Vol !,
7th Ed. Ilmi book house urdu bazaar, Lahore
2. Murrary, R. K, D. K. Granner, P.A Mayes and V.W Redwell. (2000).
Harpers Biochemistry, 25th Ed. Appleton & Lange Inc. USA
3. Stryer, L. 1995. Biochemistry. W. H. Freemen Pub. Co. USA.
4. Nelson, D. L & M M. Cox (2000). Leheninger Principles of
Biochemistry. 3rd Ed., Livingston Pub, Inc, USA.
5. Brown, T. A. (2001). Gene cloning and DNA analysis: An Introduction.
4th Ed. Blackwell science Ltd., U.K.
BIOCHEMISTRY OF METABOLISM 2(2-0)
THEORY
Introduction of metabolism, Glycolysis, regulation, and energy production,
Krebs cycle, regulation and energy production, Pentose phosphate shunt,
Glucoronic acid pathway, Glucogensis, glycogensis, glycogenolysis,
gluconeogensis, Metabolism of fructose, galactose and lactose,
Introduction to protein metabolism and plasma amino acidsSynthesis of
non-essential amino acids, Fate of ammonia and keto-acids, Urea cycle
and its importance, glutathione and creatinine formation, Catabolism of
non-essential amino acids,Introduction to lipid metabolism, Beta-oxidation
of even chained-fatty acids, Beta-oxidation of odd-chained fatty acids,
Omega-oxidation of fats, Alpha-oxidation of fats, Oxidation of respiratory
chain, Biosynthesis of fatty acids, Biosynthesis of
triglycerides,Biosynthesis of triglycerides, Biosynthesis of prostaglandins,
Biosynthesis of cholesterol, Factors affecting cholesterol level in
plasma,Transportation of lipids, Role of adipose tissue in fat metabolism,
Ketogensis and use of ketone bodies, Metabolism of bile salts and bile
acids, Intermediary metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins,
22
Bioenergetics, Introduction to fermentation, Use of agro-industrial wastes
for production of antibiotics, enzymes and steroids,
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Ahmad Mushtaq, A. (2003). essential of medical biochemistry, Vol !,
7th Ed. Ilmi book house urdu bazaar, Lahore
2. Murrary, R. K, D. K. Granner, P.A Mayes and V.W Redwell. (2000).
Harpers Biochemistry, 25th Ed. Appleton & Lange Inc. USA
3. Stryer, L. 1995. Biochemistry. W. H. Freemen Pub. Co. USA.
4. Nelson, D. L & M M. Cox (2000). Leheninger Principles of
Biochemistry. 3rd Ed., Livingston Pub, Inc, USA.
5. Brown, T. A. (2001). Gene cloning and DNA analysis: An Introduction.
4th Ed. Blackwell science Ltd., U.K.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 4(2-2)
THEORY
Introduction to Molecular Biology: Why we need to study molecular
biology, Genes and chromosomes, Identification of DNA as the genetic
material, Structure of DNA, Replication of DNA, Expression of genetic
information, Vectors and their uses in molecular biology: composition of a
plasmid vector, M 13 and lamda Phages as vectors in molecular biology,
Modifications of phage vectors and their uses, DNA modification enzymes,
linkers, adaptors and their uses, Specialized libraries: chromosomal,
deletion enrichment, subtractive hybridization libraries, Screening libraries:
screening strategies I, Library screening strategies II, Hybridization of
nucleic acids, Principle of polymerase chain reaction, Principles of primer
designing for PCR, DNA sequencing: principle and methods, Finding of
open reading frame in a cloned gene, Introducing mutations in DNA, Cite
directed mutagenesis in a given gene, Expression systems and their uses,
Promoters and gene expressions, Regulation of gene expression, How to
study promoters? How to make fusion proteins, Satellite, minisatellite and
micorsattelite DNA, Restriction fragment length polymorphism, How to
prepare a transgenic animal?
PRACTICAL
Good lab practices, Genomic DNA extraction from eukaryotic and
prokaryotic cells, Plasmid DNA extraction, RNA extraction, Estimation of
nucleic acids, Reverse Transcriptase of RNA, PCR, Restriction of DNA,
Electrophoresis of DNA in agarose gel, Preparation of cell lysate, Protein
estimation, SDS-PAGE, Staining of gel and its documentation,
Transformation of host cells, Selection of transformants, Use of computers
for DNA and protein sequence data from world wide web.
23
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Bell, D.D. and W.D. Weaver. 2002. Commercial Chicken Meat and
Egg Production. 5th Edition. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell
Massachusetts 02061 USA.
2. Crawford, R.D. 1990. Poultry Breeding and Genetics. Elsevier
Science Publishers, Amsterdam. The Netherlands.
3. Etches, R. J. 1996. Reproduction in Poultry. CAB International, UK.
4. Ensminger, M.E. 1992. Poultry Science. The Interstate Printers and
Publishers Inc. Danville. Illinois. USA.
5. Muir, W.M. and S.E. Aggrey. 2003. Poultry Genetics. Breeding and
Biotechnology. Ist Edition. CAB International, UK.
6. Parkhurst, C.R. and G.J. Mountney. 1997. Poultry Meat and Egg
Production. Chapman and hall Inc., New York, USA.
7. Taylor, L.W. 2003. Fertility and Hatchability of Chicken and Turkey
Egg. Greenword Publishers. Lucknow. India.
INTRODUCTION TO FISHERIES AND 3(1-2)

AQUACULTURE
THEORY
Introduction to fisheries, national and international trends, Fish
morphology and diversity in size and shape, distribution of fishes in
Pakistan (marine and freshwater), Fishing gears, fishing methods,
techniques, fishing communities, Fish habitat, ecology and extant of
distribution, Food and feeding habit, feeding types, Commercial fishes,
marine and freshwater, Problems in fisheries and management in Pakistan
(marine and inland), Introduction to Aquaculture, systems of Aquaculture,
Types of ponds, planning construction, pond preparation, etc, Pond
fertilization, application, Water quality parameters (abiotic: temperature,
light, salinity, pH, turbidity, etc.) and their effect on fish production, Biotic
parameters (Plankton, insects, aquatic vegetation, etc) of ponds, lakes,
rivers, and impact on growth, Artificial and natural fish food, feed
ingredients, Fish diseases and their control, Induced breeding, fish
genetics and recent practices and potentials, Fish preservation,
processing and transportation fish marketing.
PRACTICAL
Morphological characters of typical fish, morphometrics, Species
identification, fin formula, etc., key to identification of commercial fishes,
Visit wetland/lake/river/coastal areas to study fish diversity and
distribution, Dissection of common fish to study digestive system,
Dissection of common fish to study circulatory system, Dissection of
common fish to study reproductive system, Practical demonstration of
induced breeding, Introduction to artificial feed ingredients, Visit to
24
aquaculture farms, Visit to fish hatchery, Measurements of water quality
parameters, Measurements of biotic parameters (phytoplankton &
zooplankton) slides, Pond construction and design criteria, Fish market
visit, Fish diseases (bacterial, fungal) samples study, slides. Fish diseases
(parasitic, etc.) samples study, slides.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Pillay, T.V.R. 2002. Aquaculture: Principles and Practices. Blackwell
Science Limited. 5
LIVESTOCK ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS 3(3-0)

MANAGEMENT
THEORY
Scope & Definition of Economics, Needs and law of marginal utility revised
Demand & supply, Elasticity of Demand & supply, Aggregate demand and
Aggregate Supply, Growth and Economic Development, Share of
Livestock Poultry Dairy Industry in Pakistan Economy, Employment
opportunities in Livestock Poultry Milk and Meat production system in
Pakistan and their Economics. Identification of Factors of Production and
production function for milk meat and poultry, Feasibilities for Livestock
poultry and related businesses, Financial and Economic analysis of agro
Livestock Business, Project cycle, preparation of project, Sheep, Goat
production system, Inflation, and Monitory policy deflation stagflation,
National Income accounting GDP GNP NNP and, Partial budgeting of
Livestock Enterprises. Economic Systems. Business & Entrepreneurship
Business ethics and social responsibility. Types of Business. Management
& organization, types of Manager, Leadership, Trade, law of comparative
and absolute advantage- International Trade and barrier, Trade
Agreements, Alliance, organization and WTO, Nature of Human Relation,
moral, motivation and commitment theories of motivation., Feasibility
studies of livestock and poultry business. Entrepreneurship,
Technological innovation, Small Business Role. Product Development and
patents trade mark, Model for New venture planning Business cycle,
Supply chain Management., Project Cycle and stages, Evaluation of
development project & Management. Banking, Definition, nature & scope
of marketing, Product, Planning & marketing, Livestock & Poultry Products
market and Functions, Milk production and marketing system and Dairy
Industry in Pakistan, Poultry Feed Industry, whole sale and distribution &
marketing of eggs and Broilers. Market segmentation & targeting
market. Marketing Mix and Four Ps of Marketing., Advertising, sales
promotion strategy. Supply chain Management and channels for value
addition of Livestock and poultry product. Brands, packaging and other
product feature. Services Marketing. Companies Micro & Macro
25
Environments. International Economic Integration and Cooperation.,
W.T.O Liberalization and International Trade.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Nickels G.W., McHugh M.J. and McHugh Susan. Understanding
Business. 7the Edition. McGraw Hill Irwin.
2. Business the changing world Ferrel Hirt Ferrel
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Etzel M.J., Walker, J.B., Stanton, J. Marketing 14th Edition McGraw-
Hill Irwin.
2. Koontz H., Cannice M.V. and Weihrich H. Management A global and
entrepreneurial perspective 12th Edition.
3. Downey, W.D. & S.P. Enieson, 1998. Agricultural Business
Management, McGraw Hill Book Co; Singapore.
4. Terry G.R. and Franklin, 1992. Principles of Management, Interstate
Printers and publishers, Illinois, U.S.A.
5. Reddy., P.N. and S.S. Gulshan, 1990. Principles of Business
Organization and Management, Eurasia Publishing House, New
Delhi, India.
6. Akhtar S.M., 1990. Essentials of Economics. Vol. 1, Publishers
United, Lahore, Pakistan.
7. Barnard C.S. and J.S. Nix, 1990. Farm Planning and Control,
Cambridge University Press, New York, U.S.A.
8. Ahmad, B., M. Ahmad, and M.A. Chaudhry, 1996. Economics of
Livestock production and Management, University of Agriculture,
Faisalabad, Pakistan.
LAB AND ZOO ANIMAL MANAGEMENT 1(1-0)
PRACTICAL
Introducing lab animals: A Visit to laboratory animal housing facilities like
VRI, Lahore., Ethical, welfare, and legislative aspects of using animals for
research. Capture and handling of small mammals (eg. Rats, mice, rabbits
and guinea pig): A visit to NIH Islamabad. A hands-on training of the foot
prints, scates, skull bones, dental wear patterns identification techniques.
Design, equipment, environment control and hygiene of animal house: A
visit to Animal House at Ravi Campus. Monitoring the care and use of
animals. Animal Environment, Housing and Management. Veterinary care
of lab animals. An Introduction to Zoo Animals: A Visit to Lahore Zoo.
Behavioral management (structural environnent, social environnent). An
Introduction to Zoo Animals: A Visit to Lahore Zoo. Animal Husbandry
(food, water, bedding, sanitation, waste disposal, pest control, emergency,
weekend and holiday care). Institutional policies and responsibilities: A
visit to Zoological Garden. Construction guidelines (Corridors, animal room
doors, exterior windows, floors, drainage, walls, ceilings). Discussion for
26
life patterns of different lab and zoo animals. Compilation of animal
inventory report.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Pool, T.B., 1989. The UFAW Handbook on the Care and
Management of Laboratory Animals. Longman Scientific and
Technical Publishers, England. UK.
2. Clark. J. D., Baldwin, K. A., Bayne, M. J. Brown, G. F., Gebhart, J. C.
Gonder, J. K. Gwathmey, M. E. Keeling, D. F. Kohn, J. W. Robb, O.
A. Smith, W. J. White, 1996. Guide for the Care and Management of
Laboratory Animals. National Research Council, National Academic
Press, Washington, D. C. 6th edition.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Fowler, M.E., 1978. Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine. W.B. Saunders
Publisher Company, Philadelphia, U.S.A.
2. Melby, E.C. and N.H. Altman, 1974. Hand Book of Laboratory Animal
Science. CRC Press, Inc. Ohio, U.S.A.
3. Prakash, M. and C.K. Arora, 1998. Birds in Laboratory. Anmol
Publications (PVT). Ltd, India.
4. Singler, W.F., 1995. Wildlife- Law Enforcement. Wm. C. Brown
Publishers.
5. Worden, A. N., 1989. Hand book of Laboratory Animals (Care and
management). Anmol Publication, New Delhi, India.
6. Miller, A. S. and Harley, J.B. 2000 Zoology 5th Ed. McGraw-Hill,
Singapore NAP, 1996 Guide for the care and use of Laboratory
Animals, National Research Council, National Academy Press,
Washington D.C.
FOUNDATION COURSES
GENERAL AND SYSTEMIC ANATOMY 7(1-6)
THEORY
Introduction, Terminologies, Skeletal system; classification of bones,
Muscular system; structural classification, Arthrology; classification and
associated structures, Gait Mechanics, Respiratory system; its
components and topography, Heart; Blood Vascular System, Digestive
system; its components and topography, Digestive system; associated
glands, Urinary system, Male Genital system, Female Genital System,
Endocrine System; Lymphatic System, Nervous System; Central and
Peripheral, Special Senses, Integumentary system; its modifications; any
special mention.
27
PRACTICAL
Demonstration of Topographic Terminologies, Demonstration of
Topographic Terminologies, Osteology; Scapula and Humerus, Osteology;
Radius and Ulna, Osteology; Carpals, Osteology; Metacarpals and
Phalanges, Forelimb Arthrology, Osteology; Pelvic Girdle, Osteology;
Femus, Patella, Osteology; Tibia and Fibula, Osteology; Tarsals,
Metatarsals, Phalanges, Hindlimb Arthrology, Osteology; Skull, Osteology;
Mandible and Hyoid Apparatus, Osteology; Vertebral Column, Ribs and
Sternum and Axial Arthrology, Myology; Extrinsic Muscles of the forelimb,
Myology; Muscles of the Shoulder and Arm, Myology; Muscles of the
forearm, terminal tendons, Myology; Muscles of the croup and caudal
thigh, Myology; Muscles of lateral, medial and cranial thigh, Myology;
Muscles of the leg and terminal tendons, Myology; Muscles of the thorax
and abdomen, Myology; Superficial Muscles of the neck, Myology; Deep
muscles of the neck, Myology; Facial Muscles, Respiratory System; Nasal
Cavity, larynx, Trachea, Lungs and associated details, Heart and vessels
cranial to the heart, Major Blood vessels of thorax, head and neck, Major
Blood Vessels of abdomen, fore and hind limbs, Digestive System; oral
cavity, esophagus, stomach, Digestive System; intestines, associated
organs etc, Peritoneum and its folds; surgical importance, Urinary system,
Male Genital System, Female Genital System, Pelvic Cavity; an overview,
Endocrine Glands, Lymphatic system, major vessels, Cranial Cavity,
spinal canal and spinal cord, meninges, Brain, ventricles, Spinal and
cranial nerves, Special Senses; eye, Special Senses; eye, Integumentary
system and its modification, Surface Anatomy.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Howard E. Evans, 1993 (3rd Ed.). Miller's Anatomy of the Dog. W B
Saunders Co. USA
FURTHER READING:
1. Dyce, K.M., Sack, W.O., Wensing, C.J.W., 2002 (3rd Ed.). Textbook
of Veterinary Anatomy. W B Saunders Co. USA
2. Evans, H.E., de Lahunta, A., 2009. Guide to the Dissection of the
Dog. W B Saunders Co. USA
3. Koenig, H.E., Liebich, H-G., 2009 (4th Ed.). Veterinary Anatomy of
Domestic Mammals: Textbook and Colour Atlas. Manson Publishing
Ltd.
4. Getty, R., 1975 (5th Ed.). Sisson and Grossmans The Anatomy of the
domestic Animals Volume II. W B Saunders Co. USA
5. Boyd, J. S, Paterson, C, May, A. H., 1992. Color Atlas of Clinical
Anatomy of the Dog and Cat. C. V. Mosby.
28
GENERAL HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY 5(1-4)
THEORY
Introduction: Policies, Microscopy and Interpretation Methods of Histology:
Tissue Preparation Technique, Principles of Staining, Cell Biology:
Ultrastructure of Cell, Cytoplasmic Organelles, Protein Synthesis, Inclusions
and cytoskeleton, Nucleus, Nuclear envelop, Nucleoplasm, Nucleoli,
Epithelial Tissue: Morphology and classification of Surface Epithelia,
Morphology and classification of Glandular Epithelia and Glands, Connective
and Supportive Tissues: Microscopic structure of components of
Connective Tissue: cells, fibers and amorphous ground substance,
Microscopic slides of different types of supportive tissues: Cartilage and
Bone, Osteogenesis, Synovial Joint, Light Microscopic and Fine Structure of
formed elements of mammalian and avian blood., Muscular Tissue: Light
Microscopic and Fine Structure of Smooth and Skeletal, Muscle contraction
mechanism, Light Microscopic and Fine Structure Cardiac Muscles, Impulse
Conduction Mechanism and Impulse Conduction Fibers, Nervous Tissue:
Light Microscopic and Fine structure of Neurons, Neuroglial cells, Synpses,
Central and Peripheral Nervous System, Peripheral Nerves, Ganglia,
Meninges, Embryology: Gametgenesis , Fertilisation, Cleavage,
Gastrulation, Primitive streak Formation, Differentiation of Germ Layers,
Formation of Extra-embryonic cavities, Circulatory changes at birth, Age
determination of Embryo and Fetus
PRACTICAL
Microscopy: Identification of different parts of Microscope and Practical
use of Microscope. Tissue Preparation Technique and Staining:
Practical demonstration of Tissue preparation technique and Staining
Procedures. Ultra structure of Cell: Identification of Electron Micrographs
of different components of cell. Epithelium: Identification of different types
of surface epithelium. Epithelium: Identification of different types of
glandular epithelium. Connective Tissue: Identification of different types
of cells and fibers of connective tissue. Connective Tissue: Identification
of different types of connective and supportive tissue: Loose and Dense
connective tissue, Reticular tissue, Adipose tissue, Cartilage, Bone.
Blood: Identification of different types of Blood cells: Monocytes,
Lymphocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils, Neutrophils. Muscular Tissue:
Identification of tissue sections of Smooth and Skeletal Muscles.
Muscular Tissue: Identification of tissue sections of Cardiac Muscles.
Nervous System: Identification of Neurons and Neuralgia. Nervous
System: Identification of tissue sections of Central and Peripheral
Nervous System: Brain and Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves.
Demonstration of process of mitosis and meiosis with help of Models.
Embyology: Identification of different stages of Embryo.
29
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Alberts et al., 1983. Molecular Biology of Cell. Garland Pub. Inc,
London.
2. Bacha, W.J. (1990). Color Atlas of Veterinary Histology, Lea &
Febiger, USA.
3. Banks, W. J., 1993. Applied Veterinary Histology, 3rd Ed., Mosby Year
Book, London.
4. McGaedy, T. A., P.J. Quinn, E.S. Fitzpatrick, and M.T. Ryan, 2006.
Veterinary Embryology, Blackwell Publishing, UK
5. Qureshi, A. S. and Chaudhry, M.N., 2007. Illustrated Vet. Histology,
MAS Publishers, Faisalabad..
6. Eurell, J. A., and B. L. Frappier, 2007. Dellmanns Textbook of
Veterinary Histology, Blackwell Publishing, UK.
7. Patten, 1964. Foundations of Embyology, McGraw-Hill Book
Company, New York.
COMPARATIVE ANATOMY 7(1-6)
THEORY
Introduction to comparative vertebrate anatomy, Skeletal system;
comparative notes, Muscular system; comparative notes, Arthrology;
comparative notes and implications on movement pattern, Gait
Mechanics; comparison of various modes of locomotion, Respiratory
system; comparative notes and implications, Heart; Blood Vascular
System; species specific patterns of development, Digestive system;
species specific differences, Digestive system; associated glands;
comparative notes, Urinary system; species specific differences, Male
Genital system; species specific differences and their implications, Female
Genital System; species specific differences, Comparative notes on
Endocrine System, Comparative notes on Central and Peripheral Nervous
System, Special Senses in different species, Integumentary system; its
modifications in various species; structure of hoof; any special mention.
PRACTICAL
Comparative Osteology; Scapula and Humerus, Comparative Osteology;
Radius and Ulna, Comparative Osteology; Carpals, Comparative
Osteology; Metacarpals and Phalanges, Comparative Forelimb Arthrology,
Comparative Osteology; Pelvic Girdle, Comparative Osteology; Femus,
Patella, Comparative Osteology; Tibia and Fibula, Comparative Osteology;
Tarsals, Metatarsals, Phalanges, Comparative Hindlimb Arthrology,
Comparative Osteology; Skull, Comparative Osteology; Mandible and
Hyoid Apparatus, Comparative Osteology; Vertebral Column, Comparative
Osteology; Ribs and Sternum and Axial Arthrology, Comparative Myology;
Extrinsic Muscles of the forelimb, Comparative Myology; Muscles of the
Shoulder and Arm, Comparative Myology; Muscles of the forearm,
30
terminal tendons, Comparative Myology; Muscles of the croup and caudal
thigh, Comparative Myology; Muscles of lateral, medial and cranial thigh
Comparative Myology; Muscles of the leg and terminal tendons,
Comparative Myology; Muscles of the thorax, abdomen and superficial
muscles of the neck, Comparative Myology; Deep muscles of the neck,
Comparative Myology; Facial Muscles, Respiratory System; Comparative
Anatomy of Nasal Cavity, larynx, Trachea, Lungs and associated details,
Comparative Anatomy of Heart and vessels cranial to the heart,
Comparative Anatomy of Major Blood vessels of thorax, head and neck,
Comparative Anatomy of Major Blood Vessels of abdomen, fore and hind
limbs, Digestive System; Comparative Anatomy of oral cavity, esophagus,
stomach, Digestive System; Comparative Anatomy of intestines,
associated organs etc., Digestive System; Comparative Anatomy of
intestines, associated organs etc. Comparative Anatomy of Urinary
system, Comparative Anatomy of Urinary system, Comparative Anatomy
of Male Genital System, Comparative Anatomy of Female Genital System,
Species Specific Differences of Pelvic Cavity, Comparative Anatomy of
Endocrine Glands, Comparative Anatomy of Cranial Cavity, spinal canal
and spinal cord, Comparative Anatomy of Brain and ventricular system,
Comparative Anatomy of Spinal and cranial nerves, Comparative Anatomy
of Special Senses; eye, Comparative Anatomy of Special Senses; Ear,
Comparative Anatomy of Integumentary system and its modification with
special reference to hoof, Sagittal section of head, Comparative Surface
Anatomy of skeletal system, Comparative Surface Anatomy of Head and
Neck, Comparative Surface Anatomy of structures in the thorax,
Comparative Surface Anatomy of structures in the Abdomen, Comparative
Surface Anatomy of fore and hind limbs.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Sisson, S., Grossman, J. D., Getty, R. 1975 (5th Ed.). Sisson and
Grossman's the Anatomy of the Domestic Animals. Volume 1. W B
Saunders Co. USA.
FURTHER READING
1. Dyce, K.M., Sack, W.O., Wensing, C.J.W., 2002 (3rd Ed.). Textbook
of Veterinary Anatomy. W B Saunders Co. USA
2. Koenig, H.E., Liebich, H-G., 2009 (4th Ed.). Veterinary Anatomy of
Domestic Mammals: Textbook and Colour Atlas. Manson Publishing
Ltd.
3. Ashdown, R.R., Done, S. H., 1996 (2nd Ed.). Color Atlas of Veterinary
Anatomy: Volume I, The Ruminants. Mosby Ltd.
4. Ashdown, R.R., Done, S. H., 1996 (2nd Ed.). Color Atlas of Veterinary
Anatomy: Volume II, The Horse. Mosby Ltd.
31
INTRODUCTION TO LIVESTOCK 2(0-2)
MANAGEMENT
PRACTICAL
Approaching, handling and restraining of animals, Approaching, handling
and restraining of animals Regions and body points of animals, Grooming
and cleaning of animals, Identification of breeds of farm animals, Methods
of identifications, Measuring Physiological norms of farm animals,
Preparing animals for shows, Body measurements for weight estimation,
Record keeping, Practical tips for housing of dairy and meat animals,
Design and layout plans for dairy buildings, Exercise on measurements
and facilities for housing and equipments of cattle and buffalo, Exercise on
measurements and facilities for housing and equipments of sheep and
goat, Suitable plans for stable construction along with designing fitting and
equipments of stable, Visit to livestock farms and shows.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Banerjee, G. C. 1998. A Text Book of Animal Husbandry. Oxford and
IBH Publishing Co. New Delhi India
2. Gopalkrishnan C. A. and G. M. M. Lal. 1993 Livestock and Poultry
Enterprises for Rural Development Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.
576. Masjid Road, Jangpura, New Delhi- 110014
3. Khan B. B., M. Yaqoob, M. Riaz, M. Younas and A. Iqbal 2004
Livestock Management Manual Dept. Livestock Management,
University of Agriculture Faisalabad
4. Khan, B.B., M. Younas, M. Riaz and M. Yaqoob 2005 Breeds of
Livestock in Pakistan. Mashhoor Printing press, Aminpure Bazar,
Faisalabad.
5. Khan. B. B., A. Iqbal and M. I. Muastafa 2003. Sheep and Goat
Production, Livestock Management Manual Dept. Livestock
Management, University of Agriculture Faisalabad.
6. Shah. S. I, 1994 Animal Husbandry, National Book Foundation
Islamabad, Pakistan.
7. William M. Etgen and Paul M. Reaves 1982 Dairy, Cattle Feeding,
and Management, John Wiley & Sons New York USA.
SYSTEMIC HISTOLOGY 5(1-4)
THEORY
Cardiovascular System Histology of Heart, Elastic and Muscular
Arteries, Arterioles and Capillaries. Cardiovascular System Histology of
Venioles, Small, Medium and Large-Sized Veins, Arterio-Venous-
Anatomosis and Vasa Vasorum Lymphatic System: Introduction to
Lymphoid Tissue. Histology of Lymph Node and Spleen, Histology of
Thymus and Tonsils. Lymphatic System: Introduction to Lymphoid
32
Tissue. Histology of Lymph Node and Spleen, Histology of Thymus and
Tonsils. Digestive System: Histology of Oral Cavity, Esophagus, Simple
Stomach Digestive System: Histology of Compound Stomach In
Ruminants And Intestines, Accessory Glands of Digestive System:
Salivary Glands, Liver, Exocrine, Pancreas, Gall Bladder Respiratory
System: Histology of Nasal Cavity, Vomernasal Organs and Pranasal
Sinuses, Nasolarynx, Trachea And Extrapulmonry Bronchi Respiratory
System: Histology of the Lungs, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Respiratory
Bronchioles, Alveoli, Alveolar Duct and Alveolar Sacs Urinary System:
Histology of Kidney: Nephron, Juxtaglomerular Apparatus, Collecting
Tublules and Collecting Ducts Urinary System: Microscopic structure of
Excretory Passages: Ureter, Urinary Bladder. Male and Female Urethra
Male Reproductive System: Spermatogenesis, Histology of the Testes
and their Associated Ducts: Epididymis, Ductus Deferens and Penis.
Erection Mechanism Female Reproductive System: Oogenesis,
Histology of Ovary, Fallopian Tubes and Uterus Endocrine System:
General Structure of Endocrine Organs. Histology Of Hypophysis cerebri
(Pituitary Gland), Epiphysis cerbri (Pineal Gland). Endocrine System:
Histology of Thyroid and Parathyroid Gland, Adrenal Gland; Endocrine
Tissues and Cells.
PRACTICAL
Cardiovascular System: Light Microscopic Study of the Tissue Sections
of Heart, Elastic and Muscular Arteries, Arterioles and Capillaries,
Cardiovascular System: Light Microscopic Study of the Tissue Sections
of Venules, Small, Medium and Large-sized Veins, Arterio-venous-
anastomosis and Vasa Vasorum., Lymphatic System: Light Microscopic
Study of the Tissue Sections of Lymph node and Spleen., Lymphatic
System: Light Microscopic Study of the Tissue Sections of Thymus and
Tonsils., Integumentary System: Light Microscopic Study of the Tissue
Sections of Skin: Epidermis, Dermis, and Hypodermis, Accessory
Structures of the Skin: Hair, Sweat and Sebaceous glands, Digestive
system: Light Microscopic Study of the Tissue Sections of Oral Cavity,
Esophagus, Simple stomach in horse, dog and cat., Digestive system:
Light Microscopic Study of the Tissue Sections of Compound Stomach in
Ruminants and Intestines, Accessory glands of Digestive System: Salivary
Glands, Liver, Exocrine, Pancreas and Gall Bladder. Respiratory system:
Light Microscopic Study of the Tissue Sections of Nasal Cavity, Nasal
Sinus, Nasopharynx and Oropharynx, Larynx and Trachea. Respiratory
system: Light Microscopic Study of the Tissue Sections of Lungs, Bronchi,
Bronchioles, Respiratory Bronchioles, Alveoli, Alveolar duct and alveolar
sacs. Urinary system: Light Microscopic Study of the Tissue Sections of
Kidney: Nephron, Juxta-glomerular Apparatus, Collecting tublules and
collecting ducts. Urinary system: Light Microscopic Study of the Tissue
Sections of Excretory passages: Ureter, Urinary Bladder. Male and female
Urethra Male Reproductive System: Light Microscopic Study of the
33
Tissue Sections of the Testes and their associated ducts: Epididymis,
Ductus Deferens and Penis. Spermatogenesis. Microanatomy of
Spermatozoa Male Reproductive System: Light Microscopic Study of the
Tissue Sections of male accessory glands (vesicular, prostate, bulbo-
urethral glands). Female Reproductive System: Light Microscopic Study
of the Tissue Sections of the Ovary, Uterine tube and Uterus Female
Reproductive System: Light Microscopic Study of the Tissue Sections of
Cervix and Vagina Endocrine System: Light Microscopic Study of the
Tissue Sections of Pituitary gland, Thyroid gland, Adrenal gland and
Pineal body.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Alberts et al., 1983. Molecular Biology of Cell. Garland Pub. Inc,
London.
2. Bacha, W.J. (1990). Color Atlas of Veterinary Histology, Lea &
Febiger, USA.
3. Banks, W. J., 1993. Applied Veterinary Histology, 3rd Ed., Mosby
Year Book, London.
4. McGaedy, T. A., P.J. Quinn, E.S. Fitzpatrick, and M.T. Ryan, 2006.
Veterinary Embryology, Blackwell Publishing, UK
5. Qureshi, A. S. and Chaudhry, M.N., 2007. Illustrated Vet. Histology,
MAS Publishers, Faisalabad..
6. Eurell, J. A., and B. L. Frappier, 2007. Dellmanns Textbook of
Veterinary Histology, Blackwell Publishing, UK.
7. Patten, 1964. Foundations of Embyology, McGraw-Hill Book
Company, New York.
CARDIOVASCULAR, RESPIRATORY AND 4(2-2)

RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
THEORY
Introduction to Physiology, Branches and its scope. Cell: Functional
Systems of a mammalian cell (general characteristics, cellular ingestions
and digestion). Physiological functions of cellular organelle, Cellular
locomotion, cellular differentiation and apoptosis, ions channels and
transportation. Cardiovascular System: Blood, its composition, Blood
cells genesis and differentiation.. Structure and synthesis of
hemoglobin, its types, and iron metabolism. Functions of Neutrophils,
Basophils, Eosinophils, Monocyte- Macrophage system and their role
against body infection, reticulo-endothelial system. Resistance of body to
infection, Lymphocytes and immunity (Humoral and cell mediated
immunity). Blood groups and transfusion; Blood transfusion complications.
Mechanism of Blood coagulation, different pathways; Humeral and tissue
factors affecting coagulation; Fibrinolytic system and implication.. Clinical
correlation (Anemia, polycythemia, allergy and hypersensitivity, jaundice,
34
hemophilia). Circulatory Physiology: Introduction to circulation and its
characteristics; Biophysics of hemodynamics.. Circulation (General;
Systemic and Regional circulation; Coronary, Skeletal muscle, Spleenic,
Foetal, Pulmonary Circulation). Microcirculation and fluid exchange. Blood
Pressure, neural and hormonal control of blood pressure and blood
volume, Local control of blood pressure and flow. Physiology of Lymphatic
system lymph channel of body, formation of lymph; Role of lymphatic
system in controlling interstitial fluid protein, volume and pressure; Cardiac
Cell (properties, energy requirement) Physiological basis of Cardiac cycle;
Relationship of heat sound to heart pumping, regulation of cardiac activity.
Rhythmical excitation of heart; Electrophysiology of heart; Characteristics
Normal Electrocardiogram. Clinical correlation (edema formation,
circulatory shock, Electrocardiographic interpretation of cardiac muscle
and coronary blood flow abnormality). RESPIRATORY SYSTEM :
Functional anatomy of respiratory system Mechanism of Pulmonary
ventilation; Pulmonary volume and capacities Physical principals of gas
exchange, Respiratory membrane and Diffusion of different gases
through it; Fetal gas exchange Factors affecting rate of gas diffusion, Role
of surfactants, pleural cavity Transport of Oxygen in blood, lungs and
tissues with regulation Transport of carbon dioxide in lungs, blood and
tissues with regulation Neural and hormonal control of respiration Clinical
correlation (pulmonary edema, emphysema and hypertension, CO
poisoning, hypoxia) RENAL PHYSIOLOGY: Introduction to renal
physiology; Anatomy and physiology of Nephron Urine formation;
Glomerular filtration, Physiological control and auto-regulation of
Glomerular filtration rate Tubular Reabsorption and processing of
Glomerular filtrate; Mechanism of tubular re-absorption and regulation.
Regulation of extra-cellular fluid osmolarity :balance of sodium and
potassium by kidney, Renal absorption of bivalent ion. Renal blood flow,
renal clearance, filtration fraction; Regulation of urine volume and
concentration; Act of Micturation and regulation. Introduction to acid
base Physiology : Renal mechanisms for maintaining hydrogen ion
concentration in body fluids; Regulation of acidbase balance, Clinical
correlation (acidosis, alkalosis).
PRACTICAL
Methods of Handling and Restraint of Different Domestic animals for blood
collection, body temperature, pulse. Collection of Blood. Sites of Blood
collection in different animal species, precautions while blood collection.
Different types of anticoagulants used routinely and their mechanism of
actions. Practical demonstration of measuring Body temperature, pulse,
respiration rate in different domestic animals. Practical demonstration of
blood collection in different domestic animals. Determination of Total Red
Blood Cell Count of the blood sample obtained from some animal source
or human volunteer. Determination of Total White Blood Cell Count of the
blood sample obtained from some animal source. Determination of
35
Packed Cell Volume. Determination of Haemoglobin concentration
Determination of coagulation and bleeding time. Practical performance of
erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate. Practical performance of Differential
Leukocyte Count. Demonstration and Practical performance for the
Determination of Blood Groups. Demonstration and Practical performance
for the Determination of various lung capacities and volumes. Urinalysis
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Cunningham, J.G. and B. G. Klein (2007). Textbook of Veterinary
Physiology. 4th Ed. WB Saunders Company, USA.
2. Zia-ur-Rahman, B. Aslam, J. A. Khan and T. Khaliq (2007). Manual of
Physiology-1. Department of physiology and pharmacology,
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
3. Guyton, A. C. and J. E. Hall. (2006). Textbook of Medical Physiology.
11th Ed. WB Saunders Company, USA.
4. Barreet, K. E., S. M. Barman, S. Boitano, H. L. Brooks (2006).
Ganongs Review of Medical Physiology. 23rd Ed. Appleton & Lange,
USA.
5. Dukes, H. H., M., J. Swenson and W.O. Reece (2004). Dukes
Physiology of Domestic Animals. 12th Edition, Comstock Publishing,
USA.
6. Chruch D. C. (1993). The Ruminant Animal: Digestive Physiology and
Nutrition. Waveland Press, Inc, USA.
PHYSIOLOGY OF DIGESTION AND LACTATION 4(2-2)
THEORY
Introduction to gastrointestinal physiology, Feeding behavior, prehension
and mastication, enteric nervous system, Physiological mechanism of
deglutition, Saliva, its secretion. composition, regulation, Eructation
mechanism, emesis and its control, Physiologic anatomy of stomach,
Contractile activity of the stomach, gastric motility, factors affecting gastric
motility, Gastric secretion, composition, regulation, factors influencing the
gastric secretion, Physiologic anatomy of intestine, role of villus in
digestion and absorption, Digestion and absorption of carbohydrates,
Digestion and absorption of proteins, Digestion and absorption of fats,
Absorption of vitamins end electrolytes, Exocrine role of Pancreas in
digestion, composition of pancreatic secretion, regulation of pancreatic
secretion, Role of Liver in digestion, importance of enter-hepatic
circulation in fat digestion, factors affecting the secretion of bile, Ruminant
stomach, anatomy and physiology, concept of functional ruminal
epithelium, Esophageal grooves and concepts of nutrient-by-pass,
Microbial ecosystem of digestion in ruminants, Fermentation of
carbohydrates, proteins and fats in rumen, Production and absorption of
volatile fatty acids, nitrogen in ruminants, Post-absorptive utilization of
36
nutrients, Functional anatomy of mammary glands and mammary growth,
Physiology of lactation and mammogenesis, Lactogenesis and
galactopoesis, Milk synthesis and secretion, Mammary gland metabolism
and biosynthesis of milk components, Biological functions of milk and their
nutritive value, Lactation performance, physiological factors affecting
lactation, Mammary biotechnology
PRACTICAL
Study of equipments used for mammalian experiments, Farm visits for
observation on rumination, deglutition in ruminants, Salivary secretion in
dogs, cats and ruminants, Tests for saliva of different animals, Tests for
saliva of different animals, Thyri-vella fistula and intestinal motility in dogs,
Intestinal motility in dogs with balloons, Measurement of absorption in
rabbits, Motility of ruminant stomach, Rumen fistula/cannulation,
Biochemical experiments on bile, Biochemical experiments on bile, Effects
of pancreatectomy in dogs and replacement therapy, Determination of
composition of milk, Determination of pH and specific gravity of milk,
Determination of total solid in milk
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
USA.
USA.
5. Jafri, S. A., M. Rabbani and H. Rehman (2002). Manual of Digestive
Physiology. Manual. Muktaba-i-Danwasharian, Lahore, Pakistan.
6. Chruch D. C. (1993). The Ruminant Animal: Digestive Physiology and
Nutrition. Waveland Press, Inc, USA.
ENDOCRINOLOGY AND NEUROMUSCULAR 5(1-3)

PHYSIOLOGY
THEORY
Neuro-muscular Physiology :Introduction to Neurophysiology, Physiologic
anatomy of Neuron, Action potential: its properties and types, Synapse
and Synaptic transmission, Types of neurotransmitters, Physiologic
anatomy and Neurophysiology of skeletal muscles, mechanism of
contraction, excitation-contraction coupling mechanism, Physiologic
anatomy of smooth muscle, its types, electrophysiological differences,
37
mechanism of contraction, Divisions of nervous system: CNS and PNS,
Concept of upper motor and lower motor neurons, Autonomic nervous
system, Parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions, Types of receptors
their properties, Anatomical divisions of brain and functions of each part,
Endocrine Physiology: An overview of endocrine system ,integration of
endocrine and nervous system, Classification, transport of hormones,
Hormone -cell interaction and feed back mechanism, Pituitary gland;
functional anatomy and secretions and their Physiological functions,
Thyroid gland; Physiological anatomy; synthesis, release, functions of
thyroxin and triiodothyronie, Endocrine pancreas; role of insulin and
glucagons in regulation of glucose metabolism, Parathyroid gland:
Physiological anatomy; synthesis, release, functions and abnormalities of
paratharmone and calcitonin.
PRACTICAL
Demonstration of various instruments used in Laboratory (Power-Lab.,
Tissue organ bath, Kymograph, oscilloscope, students stimulator etc),
Pithing of a frog and demonstration of spinal reflexes, Nerve-muscle
preparation of frog, Effect of various physiological stimuli on nerve-muscle
preparation of frog, Effect of various chemical stimuli on nerve-muscle
preparation of frog, Fatigue phenomena in muscle to determine the
velocity of nerve impulse in frogs nerve muscle preparation, Effect of
increasing strength on muscle activity of frog, Isolated heart activity of a
frog/rabbit, Recording of myocardial activity of isolated heart in
decerebrated frog, Demonstration of isolated intestinal activity of rabbit,
Demonstration of location of endocrine glands in rats and rabbits,
Thyroidectomy in dogs and its metabolic effects, Thyroidectomy in dogs
and replacement therapy, Isolated rat uterus and effect of oxytocin,
Isolated rat uterus and effect of oxytocin, Glucose tolerance test
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Costanzo, L. (2008). Physiology. 4th Edition, Elsevier Pub., USA.
USA.
USA.
6. Jafri, S. A., M. Rabbani and H. Rehman (2002). Neuromuscular and
Endocrine Physiology Manual. Muktaba-i-Danwasharian, Lahore,
Pakistan
38
INTRODUCTION TO POULTRY PRODUCTION 3(1-2)
THEORY
Importance, history, present status and future perspectives of poultry
industry; classification of poultry breeds and varieties; brooding, rearing
and production practices in poultry; rural vs commercial poultry production;
introduction to various body systems of the chicken; composition of poultry
meat and eggs.
PRACTICAL
Demonstration regarding body parts of poultry; demonstration of digestive;
respiratory, urinary and reproductive systems of a poultry; structure and
composition of an egg; demonstration of various routine practices at
poultry farm.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Austic, R.E. and M.C. Nesheim. 1990. Poultry Production. Lea and
Febiger Philadelphia. USA.
2. Hunton, P. 1995. Poultry Production: Production System Approach.
Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
3. Jadhav, N.V. 1998. Practical Manual for Avian Production and
Management. Jaypee Brothers, Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., New
Delhi, India.
4. Jull, M.A. 2003. Successful Poultry Management. Biotech Books.
Delhi India.
5. Owen, W.P. 2000. Poultry Farming and Keeping. Biotech Books.
India.
GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY 4(2-2)
THEORY
Introduction of Microbiology, definitation and branches of Microbiology,
Historical introduction including works of Pasteur, Koch and Lister etc,
Recent developments in microbiology, Prokaryotes v/s Eukaryotes,
bacterial growth and multiplication, Physico-chemical requirements (pH,
termperature;oxidation reduction potential; gaseous and nutritional
requirements), Types of culture media, Bacterial multiplication and growth
curve, continuous culture, Bacterial genetics, Mutation and mutagenesis
(transposons, conjugation, transformation), Role of transduction, lysogeny,
plasmid in mutation and mutagenesis, Introduction to genetic
engineering, Introduction to fungi, molds and yeasts, Growth requirements
and mode of replication of molds and yeasts, Isolation and identification of
molds and yeasts, Classification of molds and yeasts, Clinical diagnosis of
different fungal diseases, Fundamental characteristics of viruses
(Definition and history of virology; general properties of viruses; methods
39
of studying viruses; purification of viruses and determination of virus size),
Virus classification, Virus replication (Adsorption-receptor/ligand; entry
mechanisms; uncoating; biosynthesis of virus components; transcription
and translation; assembly; release), Replication of RNA and DNA viruses
and their comparison analysis, Replication of Retroviruses and defective
viruses, Properties of animal viruses at cellular levels (infection of cell with
more than one viruses etc), Recombination; exaltation; dormancy and
reactivation; interference, Mechanisms of heamagglutination,
heamadsorption and elution, Interferon (Properties, types, mode of action,
biological significance, antibodies vs interferon), Viral vaccines and factor
affecting success/ failure of viral vaccines, Bacteriophages and its typing,
Physico-chemical characteristics of viruses, Method for isolation and
identification of viruses.
PRACTICAL:
Safety in microbiological laboratory, Demonstration of laboratory
equipments, their basic functioning and handling, Microscope and
microscopy (Bright field; dark field; phase contrast; fluorescent
microscopes etc), Sterilization and disinfection and different methods e.g.
moist heat, dry heat, irradiation, filtration and chemical agents etc (Phenol
coefficient) Collection, preservation and submission of morbid material for
laboratory diagnosis,Preparation and demonstration of various
bacteriological media (General and selective),Demonstration of staining
techniques (Grams, Loefflers, Zeihl-Neelsons and spore staining
techniques),Methods of bacterial cultivation and growth
measurement,Identification of bacterial characteristics (colony,
morphology, shape and arrangement), biochemical tests and sugar
fermentation tests,Micrometry and motility, antibiotic susceptibility
testing,Isolation identification common fungi and molds,Introduction to
equipments used in virological work,Collection, transportation, storage and
preparation of samples for virus studies,Purification (ultracentrifugation;
precipitation and ultra-filtration and cultivation of viruses (animal
inoculation; egg inoculation; cell culture preparation; demonstration of
cytopathic effects (CPE),Virus identification methods (Electron
microscopy; serology; precipitation test, virus neutralization test etc),Virus
titration (determination of LD50, ID50, EID50, CCID50) and then
preservation and storage of purified viruses
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Anonymous, 1999. A laboratory manual for the isolation and
identification of avian pathogens. 6th Ed. American Association of
Avian pathologists, Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.
2. Burleson, F.G., T.M. Chanbes and D.I. Wiedranks, 1992. Virology-A
laboratory Manual Academic Press, London
3. Cstro, A.E. and W.F. Henschele, 1992. Veterinary Diagnostic
Virology. Mosby yearbook, Inc., Baltimore.
40
4. Fenner, F.J., E.P. Gibbs, F.A. Murphy, M.J. Studdert and D.O. White,
1993. Veterinary Virology 2nd Ed., Academic Press London.
5. Merchant, I.A. and R.A. Packer, 1984. Veterinary Bacteriology and
Virology. 7th Ed., Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.
6. OIE, 2000. Manual of standards for diagnostic tests and vaccines.
Off. Intl. Des. Epiz., Paris.
7. Quinn, P.J., M.E. Carter, B.K. Markie and G.R. Carter, 1994. Clinical
Veterinary Microbiology. Wolf, London.
8. Rabbani, M. and M.A. Muneer, 2001. Techniques in Virology. 1st Ed.,
UVAS Press, Lahore
9. Talaro, K. and A. Talaro, 1996. Foundation in Microbiology. 2nd Ed.,
Win C. Brown Publ., owa.
10. Virella, G., 1997. Microbiology and Infectious Disease. 3rd Ed.,
Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
INTRODUCTION TO ANIMAL BREEDING AND 5(3-2)

GENETICS
THEORY
History of genetics. Chemical basis of inheritance. Genetic basis of
inheritance, cell division. Mendelism, monohybrid and polyhybrid crosses.
Additive and non-additive gene action. Probability, concept and laws of
probability, modified segregation ratio. Polygenic inheritance, pleiotropy,
linkage, crossing over and chromosomal mapping. Expression and
interaction of gene. Mutation, lethal and sub-lethal genes. .Quantitative
genetics; Heritability and repeatability (avian and ruminants). Population
genetics: genetic and phenotypic correlations. Emerging genetic
technologies.
PRACTICAL
Microscopic studies on the animal cells undergoing mitosis and meiosis.
Cytogenetics, karyotyping. Gamete and genotype formation Exercises on
monohybrid, polyhybrid and gene interactions. Exercises on the estimation
of heritability and repeatability in various animals and poultry. Case
studies for lethal semi-lethal and other genetic abnormalities. Exercises on
relevant topics.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Elrod, S. 2001. Schaum's Outline of Genetics. McGraw-Hill, Book Co.
USA.
2. Klung, W.S. and M.R. Cummings, 2006. Concepts of Genetics.
Prentice Hal, Inc. New Jersey, USA.
3. Nicholas, F.W. 1995. Introduction to Veterinary Genetics. Oxford,
Oxford University Press.
41
PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL NUTRITION 4 (2-2)
THEORY
The Science of nutrition and its scope, History and the role of the past
scientist in the development of the science of nutrition, Basic terms used
in animal nutrition, Composition of animal body and plants and its
interaction, Classification of nutrients, Classification of carbohydrates,
Functions of carbohydrates. Classification of lipids. Functions of lipids.
Water, its importance and functions, Factors governing water
requirements of livestock and poultry, Classification of minerals and their
general functions, role of macro-minerals in animal nutrition, Impact of
mineral deficiency and toxicity of minerals, Impact of mineral deficiency
and toxicity of minerals, Classification of vitamins and their general
functions, Importance of fat soluble vitamins, Interrelationship of vitamins,
minerals and their toxicity, Feed additives and their use in livestock and
poultry feeding, Nutrition in relation to body maintenance and growth.,
Nutrition in relation to reproduction. Nutrition in relation to animal
production, Digestion mechanism of lipids in monogastric, Digestion
mechanism of carbohydrates in ruminants, Digestion mechanism of
proteins in ruminants, Digestion mechanism of lipids in ruminants,
Metabolism of carbohydrates, Metabolism of carbohydrates, Metabolism of
proteins, Metabolism of lipids.
PRACTICAL
Identification of feedstuffs, Identification of forages, Physical
characteristics of cereals and cereals byproducts, Physical characteristics
of forages, Physical characteristics of agro-industrial byproducts and
wastes for protein and energy sources, Feed samples collection
techniques, Forage samples collection techniques, Feed samples
preparation for analysis, Introduction to feed analysis equipments,
Grinding and weighing of samples, Analysis of dry matter and ash,
Analysis of crude protein, Analysis of crude fat, Analysis of crude fiber,
Introduction to mineral analysis
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Perry, T.W., A.E. Cullison and R.S. Lowrey. 1999. Feeds and
Feeding. 5th Ed. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, USA.
2. Lander, P.E. 2001. The Feeding of Farm Animals in India. Biotech
Books, New Delhi, India.
3. Ensminger M.E., J.E. Oldfield and W.W. Heinemann. 1990. Feeds
and Nutrition Digest (2nd Ed). The Ensminger Publishing Co., Clovis,
California, USA.
42
GENERAL PATHOLOGY 5 (3-2)
THEORY
Introduction, history, important terms of pathology, Adaptation: atrophy,
metaplasia, hyperplasia, hypertrophy, hypoplasia, Cell Injury:
Pathogenesis of cell injury, Hypoxic cell injury, Cell injury due to
membrane damage, Reversible cell injury cell swelling and hydropic
change, Intracellular lipid accumulation, Lysozomal storage diseases,
Types of necrosis (coagulative, caseous, liquefactive, fat, Zenkers
necrosis, etc), Outcome of necrosis, autolysis, difference between
autolysis and necrosis, Gangrene, difference between gangrene and
necrosis, Exogenous and endogenous pigments, melanin, ceroid,
haemosiderin, lipofuscin and mineralization, Circulatory Disturbances:
Hyperaemia, Congestion, Oedema, Haemorrhage, Embolism, Shock
(hypovolaemic, haemorrhagic, septic), Inflammation: Causes,
Inflammatory process and manifestation, Biochemical mediators: General
features of mediators, Vasoactive amines (histamine and serotonin),
Kinins, Arachidonic acid metabolites, Biochemical mediators: Complement
system, Nitric oxide, others, Types of inflammatory exudates, Chronic
Inflammation, Morphological Characteristics of neoplasia, Laboratory
Diagnosis of neoplasia, Hypersensitivity reactions: Type 1 & 2,
Autoimmunity, Amyloidosis.
PRACTICAL
Introduction to Pathology Lab. General rules for identification of gross
changes in various organs/tissues, Preservation and fixation of morbid
tissues, Preparation of microscopic slides (Tissue processing, embedding
and staining), Microscopic picture of the following conditions:
degenerative changes, Degenerative changes, Various types of
infiltrations, Various types of infiltrations, Different types of necrosis,
Different types of necrosis, Vascular disturbances, Vascular disturbances,
Growth changes, Inflammatory changes in various organs, Inflammatory
changes in various organs, Important neoplasms of animals
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Cheville, N. F., 2006. Introduction to Veterinary Pathology. 3rd Ed.
Iowa State Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.
2. McGavin, D. M. and J. F. Zachary, 2006. Pathologic Basis of
Veterinary Disease. 4th Ed. Mosby; St. Louis, MO, USA.
3. Dunlop, R. H. and C. H. Malbert, 2004. Veterinary Pathophysiology.
Blackwell Publishers, Ames, Iowa, USA.
4. Majno, G. and I. Joris, 2004. Cells, Tissues, and Disease: Principles
of General Pathology. 2 Ed. Oxford University Press, New York, USA.
5. Slauson, D. O. and B. J. Cooper, 2002. Mechanisms of Disease. A
Textbook of Comparative General Pathology. 3rd Ed. Mosby, A
Harcourt Health Sciences Company, London, UK.
43
GENERAL VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY 5 (1-4)
THEORY
Introduction to Parasitology, Effects of Parasites on their host and their
economic importance, Animal association, Host and organ specificity, Host
Parasite relationship, Types of Parasitism, Types of Hosts. Mode of
infection of Parasite, Nomenclature and classification of parasites,
Locomotory and nervous systems of parasites, Digestive and reproductive
systems of parasites, Parasitic zoonosis, Immunity Against Parasites
PRACTICAL
Course objectives and laboratory ethics, Visit to abattoir: antemortem and
postmortem examination for parasites, Field visit: interaction with the
farmers/staff of the livestock farm, Visit of livestock farm/s: gross
examination of animals for parasites, Visit of livestock farm/s: collection
and handling samples for parasitic examination, Visit of livestock farm/s:
collection and handling samples for parasitic examination, Use of different
types of microscopes for parasitic examination, Macro- and microscopic
measurement of parasites, Diagnostic methods in parasitology, Visit to
veterinary hospital/clinics: veterinarians approach towards parasite
control, Identification of major classes of parasites; outcomes of the
course.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Akhtar, M., M. A. Hafeez and C. S. Hayat 2003. General Parasitology
and Protozoology. The Elite Scientific Publications Faisalabad,
Pakistan.
2. Ash, L.A. and T.C. Orihel, 1991. Parasites: a guide to laboratory
procedures and identification. ASCP Press. American Society of
Clinical Pathologists.
3. Hayat, C.S. and M. Akhtar, 1999. Parasitic Diagnosis. UGC. Govt. of
Pakistan.
4. Iqbal, Z., M. S. Sajid, R. Z. Abbas and M. N. Khan, 2003. Manual of
General Parasitology and Protozoology, ISBN 969-8490-07-8.
Friends Science Publishers, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
5. Iqbal, Z., M.S. Sajid, A. Jabbar, Z.A. Rao and M.N. Khan, 2006.
Techniques in Parasitology. ISBN 969-417-089-3. Higher Education
Commission, Islamabad-Pakistan
6. Roberts, L.S. and J.J. Janovy, 2000. Foundations of Parasitology. 5th
Edition, W.C.B. Company, U.K.
7. Soulsby, E. J. L., 2006. Helminths, Arthropods and Protozoa of
Domesticated Animals. The English Language Book Society Bailliere
Tindall, London.
44
8. Urquhart G.M., J. Armour, J.L. Duncan, A.M. Dunn, F.W. Jennings,
2000. Veterinary Parasitology. Longman Scientific and Technical,
U.K.
FUNDAMENTALS OF IMMUNOLOGY 3(1-2)
THEORY
Introduction to immunity, types of immunity, Non specific (Innate) Defense:
Skin and Mucous membranes, Complement system: components,
pathways of activation, consequences of activation, regulation of
complement system, Phagocytosis: Phagocytic cells, Mechanism of
phagocytosis, Antigen: Antigenicity, nature of antigens, essential features
of antigens, Epitopes, adjutants, cross- reactivity, Specific defense:
Humoral Immunity: Primary response, secondary response, Functions of
Antibodies, Cell- mediated Immunity: components and evaluation of cell
mediated immunity, Theories of antibody formation, monoclonal antibodies
and their uses, hybridomas, Immunoglobulin (antibodies): Nature of
antibodies, structure, Classes and subclasses of immunoglobulin,
immunoglobulin of domestic animals, Sources of lymphoid cells, primary
lymphoid organs (Thymus, Bursa of Fabricious) B cells, origin, clonal
selection, activation of B cells, Cells and organs of immune system: origin
of immune cells, T cells, activation of T cells, types of T cells Secondary
Lymphoid organs: Lymph nodes, spleen, other tissues, Lymphocytes,
Cellular basis of antibody production: antigen sensitive cells, plasma cells,
memory cells, Cellular basis of cell-mediated immunity: Response of T
cells, lymphokines, cell mediated toxicity, Cell interactions, regulation of
immune system, Immune toleranceMajor histocompatibility complex
(MHC): MHC proteins, Importance of MHC,Hypersensitivity, mechanism
and types of hypersensitivity, Immunoprophylaxis: immunization, types
and procedures of immunonization; Passive and active immunization,
Standard Operational procedures, HACCP, Batch Manufacturing Record
(BMR). Production, monitoring and immunotherapeutics, Passive
immunizations, Production of Biologics, Types, characteristics of vaccines,
subunit vaccines, DNA vaccines, live attenuated and killed vaccines.
Failures in vaccination, adverse consequences of vaccination,
Administration of Vaccines, vaccination schedules, monitoring of
vaccinated animals.
PRACTICAL
Bio-safety in an immunology laboratory, Introduction, handling and
functions of equipments used in Immunology laboratory, Use of
Fluorescent microscope, Differential white blood count, Model system of
phagocytosis, Bacterial agglutination test, Precipitation test, Complement
fixation test, Enzyme linked immunoassay, Virus neutralization test,
Preparation of antigen, Raising of hyper-immune sera, Purification of
antibodies in serum samples, Method of vaccine production and
45
evaluation, Demonstration of delayed hypersensitivity testing., SOP, BMR,
HACCP, Cold chain system, vaccination schedule, monitoring of
vaccinated animals.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Tizzard, I. R., 1999. An Introduction to Veterinary Immunology. W.B.
Saunders, Co. London, U.K.
2. Jawetz, E., 2000. Medical Microbiology, 21th Edition, Prentice-Hall
Intl, Ltd., London.
3. Tortora, G. J., B. R. Funke and C.L.Case, 1997. Microbiology- An
Introduction, Addison and Wesley Longman Inc., California.
4. Lansing, M.P., P.H. John and A.K. Donald, 1999. Microbiology. 4th
ed., WCB McGraw Hill, London.
5. Hudson, L. and F.C. Hay, 1991.Practical Immunology, 3rd Ed.,
Blackwell Scientific Publication, London.
6. Thomas, J. K., A.O.Barbara and A.G. Richard, 2006.Kuby
Immunology.W.H. Freeman publishers.
7. Helen, C., M. Haeney, S. Misbahand N. Snowden, 2006. Essentials of
Clinical Immunology. 5th Ed., Blackwell Scientific Publication, London.
GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY AND 4(2-2)

PHARMACEUTICS
THEORY
Introduction to Pharmacology, Historical perspectives, Scope, Definitions
and Terminology, Drug development and drug regulations, Drug sources,
Classification of drugs, Transport mechanisms across biomembranes,
Drug formulations, Routes of their administration, Biodisposition of drugs,
Bioavailability of drugs, Protein binding of Drugs, Distribution of Drugs,
Storage of Drugs, Metabolism of Drugs, Excretion of Drugs,
Pharmacokinetics, Principles and applications, Pharmacodynamics, Drug
actions, Structure activity relationship, Receptor theories, Dose-response
relationship, Therapeutic index, Drug resistance, Drug Idiosyncrasy ,
Adverse reactions of drugs, Drug interactions, Basic principles governing
the preparation of different dosage forms, Basic principles governing the
storage of different dosage forms, Basic principles governing the
dispensing of different dosage forms.
PRACTICAL
Weights and measures, Prescription writing, Pharmaceutical calculations,
Partitition coefficient of drugs, Formulations; external and internal dosage
forms, Techniques of drug administration in animals, Identification of
various drugs, Preparation of ointments, Preparation of liniments ,
Preparation of tinctures, Experiments on drug antagonism and synergism,
46
Drug assays, Acute toxicity study, Strychnine poisoning in rabbits.,
Strychnine poisoning in dogs, Demonstration of Pharmacokinetic
experiments.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, et al., 2005. Goodman and Gillman
pharmacology basis of therapeutics, 11th Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York.
2. Akhtar, M.S., 2004. Introduction to Veterinary Pharmacology &
Therapeutics. 4th Ed. Agri. Livestock Bureau Pakistan, Faisalabad.
3. Adams, H.R., 2001. Veterinary pharmacology & Therapeutics, 8th Ed.
Iowa State University Press USA.
4. Katzung, B.G. 2003. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. 8th Ed., 2001Mc
Graw hill, New York.
5. Moats, W.A., and Marjorie, B.M. Medina (1996). Veterinary Drug
residues food safety, Oxford Press.
GENERAL MEDICINE 4(2-2)
THEORY
History and scope and general terms used in veterinary medicine General
systemic states Toxemia and Septicemia Fever, hyperthermia,
hypothermia Anaphylaxis and shock Diseases of alimentary system
Stomatitis, Pharyngitis and Choking Simple indigestion Ruminal acidosis
Ruminal tympany Traumatic reticuloperitonitis Enteritis Equine colic
Diseases of hepatobiliary system Hepatitis, jaundice Cholilithiasis
Diseases of cardiovascular system Hepatitis, jaundice Diseases of
cardiovascular system Cholilithiasis General terms, Pericarditis,
myocarditis, endocarditis, etc. Congestive heart failure and congenital
cardiac defects Cardiac murmurs Diseases of haematopoitic &
haemolymphatic system Disorders of white cells (leucopenia,
leukocytosis etc.), Anemia and edema Haemorrhage and
Lymphadenopathy (lymphadenitis) Diseases of respiratory system
General clinical signs of respiratory diseases, principles of respiratory
disease therapy, Rhinitis Laryngitis, Tracheitis and Bronchitis Pulmonary
congestion and edema Pneumonia and Aspiration pneumonia Pulmonary
emphysema Hydrothorax & haemothorax Pneumothorax and Pleurisy
Epistaxis Diseases of urinary system General terms, Nephritis and
Pyelonephritis Cystitis Diseases of nervous system Common
manifestations of diseases of nervous system, encephalitis,
Encephalomalacia, meningitis etc. Diseases of musculoskeletal system
Myositis, Myopathy, Arthritis, arthropathy Osteomyelitis, Osteomalacia,
Osteodystrophy Diseases of skin General terms, dermatitis, seborrhea
and photosensitization etc.
47
PRACTICAL
Introduction to clinics Various techniques to restrain animals for clinical
examination Various techniques to cast an animals for various clinical
procedures History and clinical examination (visual inspection and
recording the cardinal parameters of health like body temperature, pulse
and respiration rates) Important considerations while examining different
body systems Anatomical location of different body organs Evaluation of
hydration status Rectal examination Review of art of prescription writing
Different methods of drug administration Passing of stomach tube and
probang Passing of urinary catheter Collection and dispatch of samples for
laboratory diagnosis Field tests for mastitis Review of various coprological
and hematological tests for diagnosis
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Radostitis, O.M., C.C. Gay, K.W. Hincheliff and P. D. Constable.
2007. Veterinary Medicine, 10th Ed. Saunders Elsevier, PA, USA.
2. Cynthia M. Kahn and Scott Line 2005. The Merck Veterinary Manual.
9th Ed. Merial Ltd. G. A., USA.
3. Pinsent, P.J.N. & C.J. Fulle 1997. Outline of Clinical Diagnosis in
Horse. Blackwell Science, Oxford, UK.
4. Howard J.L, 1999. Current Veterinary Therapy, Food Animal Practice.
W.B. Saunders, Co., U.S.A.
5. Hungerford. T.G. 1991, Hungerfords Disease of Livestock 9th Ed. Mc
Graw Hill Book Company, Sydney, Australia.
6. Kelly, W. R. 1984. Veterinary Clinical Diagnosis. 3rd Ed. Bailliere
Tindall & Corsell, London, U. K.
GENERAL SURGERY AND 5(1-4)

ANAESTHESIOLOGY
THEORY
Surgical principles. General surgical considerations, pre-operative
preparations, patient assessment and stabilization , Inflammation and its
management, Body fluids, Acid-base imbalances, Antisepsis, asepsis,
disinfection and sterilization, Wounds, their types, treatment and
complications, regeneration, factors affecting wound healing, antimicrobial
therapy, Haemotoma, contusions, abrasions, galls burns, and their
treatment., Sinus, fistula, abscess, ulcers and their treatment, Hernia and
its types , Management of hernia, Introduction of Veterinary Anaesthesia,
Pre-anesthetic and anaesthetic agents and their use, Pre-anaesthetic
considerations, Monitoring of patient during, anaesthesia, Anaesthetic
complications (cardiac arrest, respiratory failure, shock, acid base
imbalance) and their management, Types of anaethesia (local, regional
and general), Stages of general anaesthesia. Anaesthesia under field
48
conditions, Aneasthetic regimens for dogs, cats, horses and donkeys ,
Aneasthetic regimens for ruminants and camels , Aneasthetic regimens for
birds, wild, exotic, and laboratory animals
PRACTICAL
Definition, Scope and History of Veterinary Surgery, Elective and
emergency surgery Surgical instruments (Small and large animals),
Biomaterials (Suture materials, dressings, etc.), Suturing patterns and
knots , Standard surgical pack and its sterilization, , Antiseptics and
Disinfectants, Scrubbing , Preparation of surgical team and patient for
aseptic surgery and Operating room conduct, Pre-operative patient
assessment, Post operative care and physical therapy, Pain management
and anti-inflammatory medication, Fluid Types and indications , Practical
demonstration of Fluid administration, Management of wounds, abrasions,
galls and ulcers , Management of abscess, sinuses and fistula,
Management of haemotoma, contusions and hemostatic techniques,
Management of burns, Management of hernia, Shock and its
management, Injectable anesthetic agents , Inhalant anesthetic agents ,
Anesthetic equipments and circuits, Stages of general anesthesia and
monitoring of patient, Anesthetic emergencies , Epidural anesthesia, Flank
anesthesia, Practical demonstration of anesthetic regimens for dogs,
Practical demonstration of anesthetic regimens for cats, Practical
demonstration of anesthetic regimens horses and donkeys, Practical
demonstration of anesthetic regimens for small ruminants , Practical
demonstration of anesthetic regimens for large ruminants and camels,
Practical demonstration of anesthetic regimens for birds, Practical
demonstration of anesthetic regimens for wild, exotic and laboratory
animals
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Venugopalan, A.. 2000. Essentials of Veterinary Surgery. 8th ed.
Oxford New Delhi.
2. Kumar. A.. 1997. Veterinary Surgical Techniques. Vikas Publishing
Mouse, New Delhi, India.
3. Oehme, F.W. and J.E. Prier, 1988. Textbook of Large Animal
Surgery. 2nd ed. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, London, UK.
4. Harrari. J. 1996. Small Animal Surgery. Williams and Wilkins,
Baltimore. USA.
5. Thrall, D.E.,-1994. Textbook of Veterinary Diagnostic Radiology. \V..
Saunders Co., Philadelphia. USA.
6. Morgan. I.P.M., 1993. Technique of veterinary Radiology, Iowa State
Univ. Press, Ames Iowa., USA.
7. Nyland. TO. and I.S. Mattoon, 1995. Veterinary Diagnostics
Ultrasound. W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, USA.
8. Turner. A.S. and C. W. Mcllwraith, 1994. Techniques in Large Animal
Surgery. 2nd ed. Lea & Febiger Philadelphia, USA.
49
9. Jennings. Jr. P.B., 1984. The Practice of Large Animal Surgery. W.B.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOTECHNOLOGY 2(2-0)
THEORY
Introduction to biotechnology and its recent trends, Artificial insemination
(Al): historical perspective, advantages & disadvantages, Al
services/status in Pakistan, techniques of Al in domestic animals, Semen
Preservation, Factors affecting conception rate, Estrus detection, Embryo
transfer (ET) technology: Applications and Limitations, Selection of
animals, superovulation and embryo collection procedures, Preservation
of embryos and embryo transfer techniques, Embryo transfer in other
species, Ultrasonography, Controlled breeding in dairy animals, Estrus
synchronization through shortening the estrus cycle, Estrus
synchronization through prolongation of the estrus cycle, Controlled
breeding in small ruminants, Controlled breeding in other domestic
animals, In vitro embryo production (IVEP): applications, Oocytes
collection and maturation (IVM), In vitro fertilization (IVF), In vitro embryo
culture (IVC), Sexing of embryos, Sexing of semen, Cloning: applications,
Animal Cloning, Transgenic animals, Role of biotechnology in herd
management, Crossbreeding in farm animals, Genetic basis of male
selection, Recent advances in Reproductive biotechnology, Assisted
Reproductive technologies (ART)
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Meredith, M.J. (Ed) (1995) Animal breeding and infertility. 1st edition
Blackwell publishers, Berlin, Germany
2. Gordon, I. (1996) Controlled reproduction in cattle and buffaloes.
Published by CAB International Willingford, UK
3. PL Senger (2003) Pathways to pregnancy and parturition. 2nd Ed.
Current Conceptions Inc. Washington State university Press, Pullman
USA
50
MAJOR COURSES
VETERINARY PROTOZOOLOGY 3 (1-2)
THEORY
Protozoology: definition, history and differences from other unicellular
organisms, Anatomy and physiology of protozoa, Classification,
Morphology, Life cycle, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Control of the
species of the following genera of Protozoa, Trypanosoma / Leshmania,
Trichomonias and Histomonas, Entamoeba, Giardia and Balantidium,
Eimeria and Isospora, Toxoplasma and Sarcocystis, Toxoplasmosis and
Sarcocystosis and Plasmodium, Plasmodium, Haemoproteus,
Leucocytozoan and Hepatozoan, Babesia, Theileria, Anaplasma &
Cryptosporidium, Ehrlichia & Eperythrozoan, Protozoan zoonosis.
PRACTICAL
Course objectives and laboratory ethics, Qualitative faecal examination,
Quantitative faecal examination and interpretation of faecal egg count,
Methods of blood examination, Quality control for blood examination and
pseudoparasites, Urine examination and examination of genital
discharges, Sputum examination, Cerebrospinal fluid examination,
Mounting of protozoa; Culture medium of protozoa, Morphological
examination of intestinal protozoa.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Akhtar, M., M. A. Hafeez and C. S. Hayat 2003. General Parasitology
and Protozoology. The Elite Scientific Publications Faisalabad,
Pakistan.
2. Ash, L.A. and T.C. Orihel, 1991. Parasites: a guide to laboratory
procedures and identification. ASCP Press. American Society of
Clinical Pathologists.
3. Hayat, C.S. and M. Akhtar, 1999. Parasitic Diagnosis. UGC. Govt. of
Pakistan.
4. Iqbal, Z., M. S. Sajid, R. Z. Abbas and M. N. Khan, 2003. Manual of
General Parasitology and Protozoology, ISBN 969-8490-07-8.
Friends Science Publishers, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
6. Levine, N.D., 1990. Veterinary Protozoology. Iowa State University
Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.
7. Roberts, L.S. and J.J. Janovy, 2000. Foundations of Parasitology. 5th
Edition, W.C.B. Company, U.K.
8. Ruprah, N. S., 1985. A Textbook of Clinical Protozoology. Oxonian
Press, Pvt. Ltd.
51
Tindall, London.
10. Urquhart G.M., J. Armour, J.L. Duncan, A.M. Dunn, F.W. Jennings,
2000. Veterinary Parasitology. Longman Scientific and Technical,
U.K.
ANIMAL FEED RESOURCES & FORAGE 4(2-2)

CONVERSATION
THEORY
Classification of animal feed stuffs, Classification of animal feed stuffs,
Nutritive value of different feedstuffs, Anti-nutritional factors, Feed
resources of Pakistan for poultry, Availability trends of feedstuffs, Feeding
practices in livestock farming, Scope for improving fodder production,
Forage crops conservation, Advantages and disadvantages of hay
making, Techniques of hay making, Hay feeding practices, Choice of
forage crops for silage, Agro industrial by products and their availability
and biological treatments, Supplementation strategies for stall fed and
grazing animals, Feed additives, their classification, mode of action and
uses in ruminants and poultry.
PRACTICAL
Identification of fodder and forage species, Morphological characteristics
of forage species, Hay making, Hay quality evaluation, Silage preparation
demonstration, Silage preparation, Laboratory analysis of silage samples
for quality, Laboratory analysis of silage samples for dry matter,
Laboratory analysis of silage samples for Ph, Laboratory analysis of silage
samples for ammonia N, Urea treatment of cereal straw, Alkali/ammonia
treatment of cereal straw, Preparation of multi nutrition feed blocks
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Sarwar, M. and C.S. Ali. 2000. The rumen; Digestive Physiology and
Feeding Management. The friend science publisher. 39-B; Peoples
Colony No. 1, Faisalabad.
2. Perry, T.W., A.E. Cullision and R.S. Lowery. 1999. Feeds and
Feeding. 5th Edition. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, USA.
3. Renard, C. 1997. Crop Residues in sustainable Mixed Crop/Livestock
Farming systems. CAB International UK.
4. Dennis, J.W. 1990. Forage in Ruminant Nutrition. Academic Press
Inc., Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publishers, USA.
5. Ensminger, M.E., J.E. Old Field and W.W. Heinemann. 1990. Latest
Edition, Feeds and Nutrition Digest. The Ensminger Publisher Co.
Clovis, California, USA.
6. Preston, T.R. and R.A. Leng. 1987. Matching Ruminants Production
52
systems with Available Feed Resource in the Tropics and Subtropics.
Penambul Books, Armidale, Australia.
POULTRY BREEDING AND HATCHERY 3(1-2)

MANAGEMENT
THEORY
Objectives of poultry breeding for meat and egg production; qualitative and
quantitative traits heritability of quantitative traits; significance of poultry
breeding systems; factors affecting egg size and composition; natural and
artificial incubation; designs of modern incubators, incubation principles;
collection, handling, storage and transportation of hatching eggs; factors
affecting hatchability, commercial hatchery management, embryonic
development of chick, incubation at high altitude; hatchery sanitation and
waste management.
PRACTICAL
Identification of different poultry breeds; judging, selection and culling;
hatchery design and construction principles; selection, setting and
candling of hatching eggs; cleaning, disinfection, fumigation of incubators;
taking of hatch, sexing, grading, vaccination and transportation of baby
chicks; preparation of hatchery feasibility report; importance of record
keeping and computers in breeding and hatchery operations; visit to a
commercial breeding farm, hatchery and poultry show.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
2. Crawford, R.D. 1990. Poultry Breeding and Genetics. Elsevier
Science Publishers, Amsterdam. The Netherlands.
3. Etches, R. J. 1996. Reproduction in Poultry. CAB International, UK.
5. Muir, W.M. and S.E. Aggrey. 2003. Poultry Genetics. Breeding and
Biotechnology. Ist Edition. CAB International, UK.
6. Parkhurst, C.R. and G.J. Mountney. 1997. Poultry Meat and Egg
Production. Chapman and hall Inc., New York, USA.
7. Taylor, L.W. 2003. Fertility and Hatchability of Chicken and Turkey
Egg. Greenword Publishers. Lucknow. India.
53
SYSTEMIC VETERINARY PATHOLOGY 5 (3-2)
THEORY
Digestive system: Developmental anomalies and acquired lesions of
mouth, ipervit poisoning, cleft palate, dental carries, sialoadentis, ptylism
aptylism, renula; Diseases of Esophagus: choking, diverticulum; Tympany
or Bloat; traumatic pericarditis; Diseases of abomasums, Enteritis, Types,
Etiology, Intussusception Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD): Aphthous
Fever, Rinderpest, Pestis de Petits Ruminants; Malignant Catarrhal Fever,
Mucosal Disease/Bovine Viral Diarrhoea & Actinomycosis and
Actinobacillosis, Blue Tongue (Sore-Muzzle); Black Tongue, Johnes
Disease (Paratuberculosis), Clostridial Infections: Botulism, Clostridial
Infections: Anthrax, Clostridial Infections: Black Disease, Big Head;
Clostridial Infections: Bacillary Haemoglobinuria, Hepatitis, Skin and
Appendages: Overview, Poxes, Sheep-Pox, Goat-Pox, lumpy skin
disease, Cattle-Pox, Buffalo-Pox, Pseudo-Cow-Pox (Milkers Nodules);
Contagious Ecthyma; Dermatitis: Solar, infectious, parasitic,
Dermatophytes (Ring Worms), Mange: Psoroptic, chorioptic mange,
neoplasia, Urinary system: functional histology, congenital and
hereditary anomalies, Glomerulonephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome, Interstitial
Nephritis, Toxic Tubular Nephritis, Nephrosis; Pulpy Kidney Disease,
Cystitis, Urolithiasis; Tumors of urinary System, Cardiovascular system:
Congenital Anomalies, Tetratology Of Fallot, Cardiovascular Anomalies,
Cardiac Failure: Acute, Chronic, Congestives, Right And Left Sided, High
Altitude Disease, Myocarditis, Pericarditis, hydropericardium, Endocarditis,
Arteiosclerosis, Varicose Veins, Etio-pathology of anemia, Nervous
system: Congenital anomalies, Encephalitis, encephalomlacia,
Hydrocephalus, Rabies, Mad-itch (Aujeszkys Disease), Louping ill,
Psuedo-rabies, Circling disease, BSE, neoplasms, Respiratory system:
Overview, anomalies, Rhinitis, Herpesvirus Infection, Epistaxis,
Bronchiectasis, Bronchitis, Pneumonia, Stages And Types Of Pneumonia:
Embolic, Verminous, Gangrenous, Bronchopneumonia Asthma, Pleuritis,
Atelectasis, Emphysema, Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Bovine
Malignant Catarrh (Malignant Catarrhal Fever); Tuberculosis, Neoplasms,
Musculo-skeleton system: Overview, Inherited Diseases Of Muscles;
Equine Rhandomyolysis (Snydrome), White Muscle Disease, Myositis,
Fracture Repair, Rickets, Osteomalacia, Osteodystrophy,
Osteoporosis, Osteopetrosis, Exostoses, neoplasia, Reproductive
System: Anomalies: Tumors Of The Ovary Granulosa Cell Tumor Theca-
Cell Tumor, Salpingitis , Pyosalpinx; Segmental Aplasia; Uterus
Unicornous; Endometritis, Developmental Anomalies Of Testis;Testicular
Hypolasia, Testicular Degeneration, Orchitis, Tumours Of Male Organs;
Semininoa; Sertoli Cell Or Sustentacular Cell Tumor, Interstitial Or Leydig
Cell Tumor, Metabolic diseases: Postparturient Haemoglobinuria; Milk
Fever, hipervitaminosis, hipervitaminosis, Hyopmagnesaemia,
Ketosis Or Acetonaemia, Grass Tetany, Pregnancy Toxaemia
54
PRACTICAL
Gross lesions of oral cavity, oesophagus, Microscopic lesions of oral
cavity, oesophagus, Gross examination of rumen, reticulum, omasum and
abomasums, Microscopic lesions of rumen, reticulum, omasum and
abomasums, Gross lesions of small and large intestine, Microscopic
lesions of small and large intestine, Gross and microscopic lesions of liver,
Gross examination of upper respiratory tract, Microscopic lesions of upper
respiratory tract, Gross examination of lower respiratory tract, Microscopic
lesions of lower respiratory tract, Lesions of urinary system, Lesions of
male reproductive system, Lesions of female reproductive system, Lesions
of nervous and cardiovascular system, Lesions of musculo-skeletal
system.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Cheville, N. F., 2006. Introduction to Veterinary Pathology. 3rd Ed.
Iowa State Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.
2. McGavin, D. M. and J. F. Zachary, 2006. Pathologic Basis of
Veterinary Disease. 4th Ed. Mosby; St. Louis, MO, USA.Dunlop, R. H.
and C. H. Malbert, 2004. Veterinary Pathophysiology. Blackwell
Publishers, Ames, Iowa, USA.
3. Majno, G. and I. Joris, 2004. Cells, Tissues, and Disease: Principles
of General Pathology. 2 Ed. Oxford University Press, New York, USA.
4. Slauson, D. O. and B. J. Cooper, 2002. Mechanisms of Disease. A
Textbook of Comparative General Pathology. 3rd Ed. Mosby, A
Harcourt Health Sciences Company, London, UK.
VETERINARY HELMINTHOLOGY 5 (3-2)
THEORY
Introduction to Helminthology, Classification, Anatomy and Physiology of
Trematodes, Classification, Anatomy and Physiology of Trematodes,
Classification, Anatomy and Physiology of Trematodes, Dicrocoelium &
Eurytrema, Opisthorchis, Clonorchis & Nanophyetus, Fasciola,
Fasciolopsis & Fascioloides, Echinostoma & Metagonimus, Paragonimus
& Prosthogonimus, Paramphislomum, Cotylophoran, Gastrothylax,
Gastrodiscus, Schistosoma, Classification, Anatomy and Physiology of
Cestodes, Classification, Anatomy and Physiology of Cestodes,
Anoplocephala, Paranoplocephala, Moniezia, Avitellina, Stilesia,
Thysanosoma & Davainea, Raillietina, Amoebotaenia & Choanotaenia,
Dipylidium & Hymenolepis, Taenia spp. Taenia spp. Echinococcus,
Echinococcus & Mesocestoides, Diphyllobothrium & Spirometra,
Classification, Anatomy and Physiology of Nematodes, Classification,
Anatomy and Physiology of Nematodes, Ostertagia, Cooperia,
Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus & Bunostomum, Chabertia &
Oesophagostomum, Ascaris, Parascaris, Toxascaris & Toxocara,
55
Heterakis & Ascaridia, Strongylus & small strongyles, Dictyocaulus,
Metastrongylus, Protostrongylus and Meulleruis, Rhabditis & Stephanurus,
Thelazia, Spirocerca, Gongylonema & Tetrameres, Angiostrongylus &
Habronema, Ancylostoma, Necator & Uncinaria, Oxyuris, Enterobius,
Subulura & Strongyloides, Gnathostoma, Dirofilaria, Wuchereria, Loa &
Parafilaria, Setaria, Dipetalonema, Onchocerca & Dracunculus,
Trichinella, Trichuris, Capillaria & Dioctophyma, Acanthocephala,
Macrocanthorhynchus, Annelida & Hirudo, Discussion.
PRACTICAL
Methods for collection, transportation, fixation and preservation of
Helminths, Methods for collection, fixation and preservation transportation
of Helminths, Methods for collection and examination of faeces for the
presence of eggs/larvae of various helminthes, Methods for examination
and staining of blood film for helminthes, Methods for collection and
examination of urine and sputum for the presence of eggs/larvae of
various helminthes, Identification of Trematodes, Identification of
cestodes, Identification of Nematodes, Field visit at livestock and poultry
farms for collection and identification of endoparasites, Application of
insecticides, Review
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Chowdhry, N., and I. Tada, 1994. Helminthology. Narosa Publication
House, New Delhi.
2. Georgi, J. R., M. E. Georgi and V. J. Theodorides, 1999. Parasitology
for Veterinarians. 7th Ed. W.B. Saunder Company London.
3. Halton, D.W., M. Behinke and I. Marshal, 2001. Practical Exercises in
Parasitology. Cambridge University Press. BSP.
4. Hayat C.S. and M. Akhtar, 1999. Parasitic Diagnosis, UGC, Govt. of
Pakistan.
6. Iqbal, Z., Z.D. Sandhu and A. Jabbar, 2004. Manual of Veterinary
Helminthology. Friends Science Publishers, Faisalabad, Pakistan
7. Kassai, T., 1999. Veterinary Helminthology. Butterworth Heinemann,
Oxford.
8. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 1986. Manual of
Veterinary Laboratory Parasitological Techniques. Reference Book
418, Her Majestys Stationery Office, London
Tindall, London.
10. Urquhart, G.M., J. L. Duncan, A. M. Dunn, F. W. Jennings, 2000.
Veterinary Parasitology. Longman Scientific
56
VETERINARY BACTERIOLOGY AND 4(2-2)
MYCOLOGY
THEORY
Classification of pathogens, Factors affecting pathogens, General
characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology of Genus Staphylococcus,
General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology of Genus Streptococcus,
General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology of Genus Escherichia,
General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology of Genus Salmonella,
General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology of Genus Klebsiella,
General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology of Genus Proteus and
Yersinia, General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology of Genus
Pasteurella, General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology of Genus
Brucella, General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology of Genus
Pseudomonas, General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology of Genus
Burkhulderia, General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology of Genus
Moraxella, General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology, of Genus
Diplococcus, General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology, of Genus
Listeria, General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology of Genus
Bacillus, General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology of Genus
Clostridium welchii, General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology of
Genus Clostridium, General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology of
Genus Corynebacterium, General characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology
of Genus Mycobacterium, General characters, pathogenesis,
epidemiology of Genus Actinobacillus, General characters, pathogenesis,
epidemiology of Genus Actinomyces, General characters, pathogenesis,
epidemiology of Genus Nocardia, General characters, pathogenesis,
epidemiology of Genus Dermatophillus, General characters, pathogenesis,
epidemiology of Genus Erysipelothrix, General characters, pathogenesis,
epidemiology of Genus Leptospira, General characters, pathogenesis,
epidemiology of Genus Borellia/ Treponema, General characters,
pathogenesis, epidemiology of Genus Compylobacter, General
characters, pathogenesis, epidemiology, of Genus Mycoplasma, Mycosis,
dermatophytes, other disease of fungal origin, Mycotoxicosis in animals
PRACTICAL
Collection, transportation and processing of sample for bacterial diagnosis,
Characterization of Staphylococcus spp, Characterization of E. coli,
Characterization of Salmonella spp, Characterization of Bacillus species,
Characterization of Pasteurella species, Characterization of
Mycobacterium species, Characterization of Corynebacterium species,
Characterization of Clostridium spp, Characterization of Mycoplasma spp,
Fermentation for bacterial growth, Evaluation of bacterial vaccines,
Monitoring of vaccinated animals, Skin sensitivity test for diagnosis T.B.
and glanders, Characterization of fungal contaminants
57
SMALL RUMINANT PRODUCTION 3(1-2)
THEORY:
Scope and role of small ruminants, Sheep and goat as milch, meat and
wool/hair producer, Systems of production, Selection and Measures for
increased production. Routine management practices. Grazing
management systems and supplementary feeding, Management during
drought, Record keeping of sheep and goat, Forage production and
feeding management, Fencing on ranges, Shearing and handling
wool/hair, Establishing commercial flocks common ailments, Keeping flock
healthy.
PRACTICAL:
Identification of sheep and goat breeds, Identification of sheep and goat
breeds, Judging for milk, meat and wool/hair production, Farm practices
i.e. castration, trimming of feet, suckling, tagging, Farm practices i.e.
docking, drenching, dipping, spraying and medication, Farm Practices
(Continued), Dentition for determining the age of sheep and goat,
Shearing and handling of wool, Grading and Scoring of Wool, Identification
of various forages, Sanitation and preventive measures, Sheep / Goat
Farming, Visit to sheep and goat farms, Revision and discussion, Revision
and discussion.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Ensminger, M.E. and .O. Parker, 1986. Sheep and Goat Science.
Interstate Printers and Publishers Inc. Danville, Illinois. USA.
2. Holechek, J.L., R.D. Piper and C.H. Herbel, 1989. Range
management, Principles and Practices. Prentice Hall Inc Englewood,
Cliffs NJ.
3. Khan, B.B., A. Iqbal and M.I. Mustafa. 2003. Sheep and Goat
Production,Dept of Livestock Management, Univ. of Agriculture,
Faisalabad.
4. Mackintosh, J.B. (Ed). 1993. Sheep Production in Pakistan. Pakistan
Agricultural Research Council (PARC) Islamabad.
5. Qureshi, M., A.A., G.S. Khan and M.S. Yaqoob 1983. Range
Management In Pakistan. Kazi Publication, Ganpat Road, Lahore.
6. Steel, M., 1996.Goats. McMillan Education Ltd.London.
RUMINANT NUTRITION 3(1-2)
THEORY
Nutrients, their classification and requirements, Concept of forage,
concentrate and non-conventional feed resources in feeding of ruminants,
Feeding standards, their usefulness and limitations for large ruminants.
58
Feeding standards, their usefulness and limitations for small ruminants.
Nutrient requirements of cattle for maintenance, production and
reproduction. Nutrient requirements of buffaloes for maintenance,
production and reproduction. Nutrient requirements of sheep for
maintenance, production and reproduction, Nutrient requirements of beef
animals for maintenance and fattening. Concept of digestibility and
nitrogen balance, Factors affecting digestibility, energy, protein, minerals
and vitamins needs of farm animals, Rumen by-pass nutrients and
techniques used for enhancing by-pass proteins and lipids, Feeding
management of dairy animals at different physiological stages, Feeding
practices of small ruminants, Nutritional management of grazing livestock,
Feeding of calves from birth to puberty.
PRACTICAL
Demonstration of different nutrient digestibility techniques, Formulation of
least cost balanced rations for dairy cows. Formulation of least cost
balanced rations for dairy buffaloes. Formulation of least cost balanced
rations for sheep. Formulation of least cost balanced rations for goat.
Formulation of least cost balanced rations for beef animals. Formulation of
least cost balanced rations for young calves. Formulation of mineral
mixtures. Chemical treatment of crop residues. Preparation of multi-
nutrients feed blocks
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Garnsworthy and J. Wiseman. 2002. Recent Advances in Ruminant
Nutrition. Empress Publishing. The Netherlands.
2. Pathak, N.N. 2000. Nutrient Requirement of Buffalo. Deradoon
International Books, India.
3. Morand-Fehi, P. 1991. Goat Nutrition. EAAp Publication No. 46,
Pudoc Wageningen.
4. Chamberain, A.T. and J.M. Wilkinson. 2002. Feeding the Dairy Cow.
Empress Publishing. The Netherlands.
5. Sarwar, M. and S.A.Chaudhry. 2000. The Rumen: Digestive
Physiology and Feeding Management. Univ. of Agriculture Press,
Faisalabad.
6. Sarwar, M. and Zia-ul-Hasan. 2000. Nutrient Metabolism in
Ruminants. University of Agriculture Press, Faisalabad.
7. NRC. 2001. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. National
Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
8. NRC. 1981. Nutrient Requirements of Goat. National Research
Council, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
9. NRC. 1985. Nutrient Requirements of Sheep. National Research
Council, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
10. Agriculture Research Council, 1989. The Nutritional Requirements of
Ruminant Livestock, ARC, London.
59
FEED EVALUATION, FORMULATION 4(2-2)
&PROCESSING
THEORY
Techniques for estimating nutritive value of feed stuffs an their validity; in
vivo and laboratory techniques; factors affecting the nutritive value of
feeds; Measures of protein quality for monogastric; protein efficiency ratio,
gross protein value; the essential amino acid index; protein evaluation
systems for ruminants; natural toxicants of feeds and detoxification;
feeding systems for livestock and poultry; feed raw material handling;
storage; mixing; processing and storage of finished feed; quality control in
feed processing; forms of feeds and least cost ration formulation for
ruminant livestock; equine, pets and poultry; feed stuff laws and
regulations.
PRACTICAL:
Use of computer for least cost feed formulation for various classes of
livestock and poultry; availability pattern of feed stuffs in local market and
their price structures; manufacturing of wholesome feed; demonstration of
feeding trials for estimating feed efficiency; visit of feed mills.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Banerjee, G.C. 1999. Feeds and Principles of Animal Nutrition.
Oxford, IBH Publishing Co., Pvt., Ltd. New Delhi, India.
2. Cheeke, P.R. 1992. Applied animal nutrition. Feeds and feeding.
Delmar Publisher, Canada.
3. Ensminger, M.E., J.E. old field and W.W. Heinemann, 1990/Latest
Edition, Feeds and Nutrition Digest. The Ensminger Publishing Co.
Clovis, California, USA
4. Lesson, S. and J.D. Summers. 2001. Commercial Poultry Nutrition,
University, Book P. O. Box 1326, Gulph, Ontario, Canada.
5. McEllihiney, R.R. 1994. Feed Manufacturing Technology IV.
American Feed Industry Association, Co., Clovis, Califorina, USA
6. Singhal, K.K. 1992. Dictionary of Animal Nutrition and Feed
Technology, Malhotra Publishing House, New Delhi, India.
7. Simmons, N.O. 1963. Feed Milling and Associated Subjects. Leonard
Hill, London.
SYSTEMIC PHARMACOLOGY AND 4(2-2)

THERAPEUTICS
THEORY
Drugs acting on Central Nervous System, General considerations,
Preanesthetic medication, Inhalant General anesthetics, Intravenous
anesthetics, Hypnotics, Sedatives and analgesics., Anticonvulsants,
60
Tranquilizers and CNS stimulants, Euthanasia, Local anesthesia.,
Intraspinal and epidural anesthesia, Neuromuscular-blocking
agents,Autonomic drugs ,Pharmacology of Autocoids, Antipyretics and
analgesics, Antiinflammatory drugs, Drugs acting on gastrointestinal tract,
Rumen pharmacology, Drugs acting on respiratory system, Drugs acting
on urinary system, Diuretics and antidiuretics, Drugs acting on
cardiovascular system, Drugs acting on fluids and electrolyte balance,
Endocrine pharmacology, Nutritional pharmacology, Drugs acting locally
on skin, Drugs acting locally on mucus membranes, Drugs acting locally
on eyes.Drugs acting locally on ears.Use of drugs in poultry, Use of drugs
in fish, Use of drugs in zoo animals.
PRACTICAL
Effect of autonomic drugs on isolated heart rabbit or guinea pigs. Effect of
autonomic drugs on isolated intestine rabbit or guinea pigs. Effect of drug
on intestinal motility in situ, Effect of autonomic drugs on eyes of rabbit,
Rat hind quarter preparation, Diuretic and antidiuretic drug action
demonstration in sheep or goat, Demonstration of drug effects on
respiration in dog, Demonstration of drug effects on blood pressure in dog,
Demonstration of techniques of volatile and intravenous anesthetics.
Preanesthetic medication, Demonstration of epidural anesthesia in dog.
Demonstration of epidural anesthesia in buffaloes.Demonstration of
epidural anesthesia in cows. Demonstration of epidural anesthesia in
sheep/goat. Conduction plexus anesthesia in frog. Infiltration, surface and
intraspinal anesthesia in rabbit.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, et al., 2005. Goodman and Gillman
pharmacology basis of therapeutics, 11th Ed., McGraw-Hill, New
York.
Therapeutics. 4th Ed. Agri. Livestock Bureau Pakistan, Faisalabad.
4. Katzung, B.G. 2003. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. 8th Ed.,
2001Mc Graw hill, New York.
5. Moats, W.A., and Marjorie, B.M. Medina (1996). Veterinary Drug
residues food safety, Oxford Press.
6. Brander, G.C., D.M. Pugh, R.J. Bywater and W.L. Jenkins, 1996.
Veterinary Applied Pharmacology & Therapeutics 6th Ed., Bailliere
Tindall, London.
61
SYSTEMATIC VIROLOGY 4(2-2)
THEORY
Description including morphology, cultivation, physico-chemical
characteristics, isolation and identification, immunity/prophylaxis,
association with disease, diagnosis and control and of RNA and DNA
viruses of livestock, poultry and fish including
PRACTICAL
Sources of sample; sample collection, transportation, and processing of
sample for virus isolation, Cultivation of IBV in chicken embryos,
Cultivation of ILT in chicken embryos, Establishment of monolayer of BHK-
21 cell line, FMD Virus cultivation in BHK-21, PPR Virus cultivation in vero
cell line, HPS virus cultivation in broilers, EM and demonstration of Negri
bodies, Sero-characterization of NDV-HA&HI tests, virus neutralization,
Sero-characterization of FMD virus ELISA, Sero-characterization of PPR
virus CFT, Sero-characterization of IBDV AGPT, Evaluation of
attenuated live NDV virus vaccine, Evaluation of killed FMD vaccine
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Anonymous, 1999. A laboratory manual for the isolation and
identification of avian pathogens. 6th Ed. American Association of
Avian pathologists, Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.
2. Cstro, A.E. and W.F. Henschele, 1992. Veterinary Diagnostic
Virology. Mosby yearbook, Inc., Baltimore.
3. Fenner, F.J., E.P. Gibbs, F.A. Murphy, M.J. Studdert and D.O. White,
1993. Veterinary Virology 2nd Ed., Academic Press London.
4. OIE, 2000. Manual of standards for diagnostic tests and vaccines.
Off. Intl. Des. Epiz., Paris.
5. Quinn, P.J., M.E. Carter, B.K. Markie and G.R. Carter, 1994. Clinical
Veterinary Microbiology. Wolf, London.
6. Talaro, K. and A. Talaro, 1996. Foundation in Microbiology. 2nd Ed.,
Win C. Brown Publ., Iowa.
7. Virella, G., 1997. Microbiology and Infectious Disease. 3rd Ed.,
Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 4(2-2)
THEORY
General introduction of entomology, Arthropods and their economic
significance, Classification of arthropoda, Respiratory and digestive
systems of arthropods, Nervous and reproductive systems of arthropods,
Different types of mouthparts of insects and arachnids and their
significance in disease transmission, Haematopinidae; Linognathidae,
62
Pediculidae and other species of lice, Cimicidae, Reduvidae, Cimicidae
Redyvudaes, Pulicidae and others, Pulicidae and others, Culicidae,
Ceratopogonidae and Simulidae, Simuladae, Psychodidae, Tabanidae,
Gastrophilidae, Gastrophilidae, Glossinidae, Muscidae, Calliphoridae,
Oesteridae, Hypodermatidae, Hypodermatidae, Cuterebridae, and
Hippoboscidae, Ixodidae, Argasidae, Demodicidae, Sarcoptidae,
Psoroptidae, Dermanyssilac and cheylotodae, Pathogens transmitted by
insects and arachnids: A Review
PRACTICAL
Methods for collection, fixation and preservation of arthropods, Methods
for collection, fixation and preservation of arthropods, Methods for
collection, fixation and preservation of arthropods, Methods for preparation
of permanent mounts and pinning of insects and arachnids, Examination
of skin scrapings for mange, Identification of lice, Identification of bugs and
fleas, Identification of flies, Identification of ticks, Identification of ticks,
Identification of mites, Field visit, Practical demonstration of application of
insecticides
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Georgi, J. R., M. E. Georgi and V. J. Theodorises, 1999. Parasitology
for Veterinarians. 7th Ed. W.B. Saunder Company London.
2. Hayat C.S. and M. Akhtar, 1999. Parasitic Diagnosis, UGC. Govt. of
Pakistan.
3. Iqbal, Z., M. N. Khan and A. Jabbar 2003. An Illustrated Textbook of
Veterinary Entomology. Friends Science Publishers, Faisalabad,
Pakistan.
4. Khan, M. N., Z. D. Sandhu, A. Jabbar and Z. Iqbal 2003. Manual of
Veterinary Entomology. Friends Science Publishers, Faisalabad,
Pakistan.
5. Kettle, D.S., 1995. Medical and Veterinary Entomology. 2nd Ed.,
C.A.B. International, Wallingford Oxon UK.
Tindall, London.
7. Wall, R. and D. Shearer, 1997.89 Veterinary Entomology. 1st Ed.,
Chapman & Hall
NECROPSY PRACTICES 2(0-2)
PRACTICAL
Instruments used for necropsy; layout of postmortem block, Prerequisites
and rules of Postmortem examination; precautionary measures adopted
during PM conduction of zoonotic diseases, Death, Modes of death, Signs
of death, Disinfection of instruments and premises, Types of wounds,
63
Death due to snake bite, Death due to drowning, lightening, Death due to
cold shock, heat prostration, Methods of euthenesia, Postmortem
examination, external examination and history taking, Postmortem
procedure in domestic animals and avian species, Opening of skull and
examination of brain and spinal cord, Examination of abdominal and
thoracic organs, Postmortem Report writing, Postmortem examination and
interpretation in small and large ruminants, Postmortem examination and
interpretation in dogs and cats, Postmortem examination and
interpretation in equine, Postmortem examination and interpretation in
poultry birds.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Cooper, J. E. and M. E. Cooper, 2007. Introduction to Veterinary and
Comparative Forensic Medicine. Blackwell Publishing Book Services,
Oxford, UK.
2. Scott, E. M., 2006. Basic Avian Technology: Avian Necropsy and
Cytology. Teton New Media.
3. Bullied, A., 1988. Clinical Laboratory and Necropsy Procedures in
Small Animals. Elsevier Science Health Science div., Netherland.
4. Andrews J. J. (ed.), 1986. Necropsy Techniques. The Veterinary
Clinics of North America, 2 (1): 1-202.
5. Alden, C. L., 1981. Color Atlas for Small Animal Necropsy. Veterinary
Medicine Pub Co
6. Winter, H., 1966. Post Mortem Examination of Ruminants. University
of Queensland Press, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
POULTRY NUTRITION 3 (1-2)
THEORY
Importance of balanced feed for poultry, Nutrient requirements for
broilers, Nutrient requirements for layers, Nutrient requirements for
breeders, Factors affecting the nutrient requirements of poultry,
Importance of quality of water, Digestion mechanism for various nutrients,
Amino acid balance and use of synthetic amino acids, Feed additives in
poultry ration, Toxins and anti nutritional factors in poultry feed, Nutritional
diseases caused by vitamin deficiencies, Vitamin and mineral toxicity,
Feeding systems in open & control sheds, Feeding management during
heat stress, Feed processing techniques.
PRACTICAL
Description of different categories and forms of commercially available
poultry feeds. Chemical analysis of cereals, Chemical analysis of cereal
by-products, Chemical analysis of vegetable protein sources, Chemical
analysis of animal protein sources, Chemical analysis of animal protein
64
sources, Feed formulation for broilers., Feed formulation for layers, Feed
formulation for broiler breeders, Estimation of feed consumption, weight
gain and FCR, Feed management practices at poultry farms, Visit to
poultry feed mill.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Austic, R.E. and M.C. Nesheim, 1990. Poultry production. Lea and
Febiger, Philadelphia, USA.
2. Ensminger, M.E., 1992. Poultry Science, The Interstate Printers and
Publishers Inc., Danville, Illinois, USA.
3. Hunton, P., 1995. Poultry Production: Production System Approach,
Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, The Nethlands.
4. NRC (1994) Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. (9th Edition) National
Academy Press Washington D.C.
BEEF PRODUCTION 3(1-2)
THEORY
Scope and importance of meat production in Pakistan, Present situation of
meat industry and Problems of meat industry in Pakistan, Important meat
& dual purposes breeds of Buffalo and cattle, Beef Production Systems,
Feeding of beef Animals, Breeding of beef Animals, Management of Beef
Animals, Growth rate and fattening potential of male cow and buffalo
calves, Feed additives, hormones and Probiotics, Vitamins etc for
enhanced growth Antibiotics, Factors affecting carcass and meat quality,
Post slaughter change in the Carcass, Carcass grades of beef, Spoilage
of meat, Meat Hygiene, Storage and Preservation of Meat, Marketing of
beef animals and beef, Modern Slaughter Houses, Slaughtering Methods.
PRACTICAL
Identification of Different Beef Breeds, Beef Production Systems, Regions
and body points of beef animals, Feeding for beef animal production,
Methods of identifications of beef animals, Management at birth raising
orphan and multiple birth calves, Creep feeding, Dehorning, Castration
and Weaning, Preparing Beef animals for shows, Body measurements for
weight estimation , Practical tips for housing of beef animals , Feasibility
calculation, Postmortem inspection, Carcass evaluation, carcass grades
and cuts, Carcass grades of beef, Visit to abattoir
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Alvi, A.S. 1991. Meat Production and Technology in Pakistan,
Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad.
2. Anwar, A.H. 1996. Meat Hygiene and Inspection. Dept. of Veterinary
Parasitology, Uni. of Agric. Faisalabad.
65
3. Ensminger, M.E. 1976. Beef Cattle Science. The Interstate Printers
and Publisher, One, Danville, Illinois, USA.
4. Gracey, J. F. and Collins D.S. 1992. Meat Hygience. Bailliere Tindall,
UK.
5. Hill, D. 1990. Cattle and Buffalo Meat Production in the Tropics.
Longman, UK.
6. Preston, T.R. and Millis, M.B. 1982. Intensive Beef Production. A.
Wheator and Co. Ltd, Exeter, UK
DAIRY PRODUCTION 4(2-2)
THEORY
Scope and importance of buffalo and cattle production in Pakistan,
Characteristics of local breeds, Characteristics of exotic and crossbred
animals, Buffalo and cow as a meat and draught animals, Principles of
profitable dairy enterprise, Raising Dairy replacement (Calves), Raising
Dairy replacement (heifers), Management of dairy animals for better
reproductive efficiency, Management of pregnant animals, Management of
lactating animals, Selection of dairy animals (Judging / Scoring), Growth
and fattening potential of cow and buffalo, Feeding for optimum milk
production, Factors affecting milk quality and yield, Housing for dairy
animals, Hygienic milk production, Importance of record keeping, Methods
of record keeping, Dairy herd improvement associations (DHIA), Dairy
production systems, Grazing management of cattle and buffalo,
Transportation and marketing of livestock and livestock products, Dairy
herd health management, Bacterial and Viral diseases & their prevention,
Metabolic diseases and prevention, Common disease problems and
prevention.
PRACTICAL
Demonstration of characteristics of an ideal dairy animal. Demonstration,
Judging and scoring of animals, Care, handling and feeding of calves,
Milking practices, Routine test for milk quality determination.
Dehorning/disbudding, Castration, extra teat removal, teat dipping, hoof
trimming, practices, Planning for year round fodder availability & Fodder
preservation practices, Preparing feasibility reports, Record Keeping, Use
of Computer for record keeping, Visit to Livestock farms and shows.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Banerjee, G. C. 1998. A Text Book of Animal Husbandry. Oxford and
IBH publishing Co. New Delhi India
2. Bath, D.L., F.N. Dickenson and H.A. Tucker. 1985. Dairy Cattle,
Principal, practices, problems, profits. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
66
3. Bilal M.Q., and Abrar, A. 2004. Dairy hygiene and disease prevention.
Dept. of Livestock Management, Uni. of Agric. Faisalabad.
4. Ensminger, M.E., 1983. Dairy Cattle Science. The interstate Printers,
Danville, Illinis, USA.
5. Gopalakrishnan C. A. and G. M. M. Lal. 1993. Livestock and Poultry
Enterprises for Rural Development. Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.
576. Masjid Road, Jangpura, New Delhi- 110014
6. Khan B. B., M. Yaqoob, M. Riaz, M. Younas and A. Iqbal 2004.
Livestock Management Manual. Dept. of Livestock Management, Uni.
of Agric. Faisalabad.
7. Khan, B.B. (Editor). 2008. Health and Husbandry of Dairy Animals.
Pak Printers Publishers, Faisalabad.
8. Shah. S. I 1994. Animal Husbandry. National Book Foundation
Islamabad.
DAIRY TECHNOLOGY 3(1-2)
THEORY
Principles of profitable dairy farming Mammary system Synthesis of milk
Milk let down and its inhibition Factors affecting milk production and
composition Biotechnology and enhanced milk production Hand and
machine milking Physical and chemical properties of milk Hygienic milk
production Collection. Transportation Processing and marketing of milk
Cooling, homogenization and standardization Manufacturing of dairy
products (Yoghurt, Butter, Ghee, Whey, Cheese, etc.) Management of
milk plant. Planning. Layout and designing of dairy plant
PRACTICAL
Demonstration of milk let down Hygienic measures for clean milk
production Mastitis screening tests Manual and machine milking practice
Physical and chemical analysis of milk Cleaning and sanitizing of barns
and Milk collection, cooling, tenderization, homogenization, pasteurization
and UHT process practices. Economics of milk production and processing.
Visit to milk processing plants.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Bath, D.L, F.N. Dickenson and H.A. Tucker, 1985. Dairy Cattle;
Principles, Practices, Problems, Profits. Lea & fabiger, Philadelphia,
U.S.A.
2. Davis, J.G. 1994, Milk testing. Agro-Botanical. Publications, India.
3. Larson, B.L 1985. Lactation. The lowa State University Press. Lowa.
4. Schmidt, G.H., L.D. Van Vlk and M.F. Hutjens, 1988. Principles of
Dairy science 2nd Ed. Prentice Hall Inc. Englewood cliffs, New Jersey,
U.S.A.
67
DAIRY HERD HEALTH 3(1-3)
THEORY
An overview of bottlenecks in the development of dairy industry in
Pakistan and government initiative to address the impediments;
Fundamental concept of quarantine at farm level ; General biosecurity and
farm sanitation methods Nutrition in relation to dairy animal health; Endo-
and ecto-parasite control; Milking practices and mastitis control methods;
milking machine and its evaluation; Continued Drug residues avoidance;
Deworming in farm animals; Vaccinations against prevalent diseases;
Basics of Housing in relation to dairy animal health; Combating heat and
cold stress in farm animals; Disinfection of farm premises before stocking
and after de-stocking; Manual and computer assisted herd health
programme and analysis; DHIA or other farm related record programes;
Continued
PRACTICAL
Hands on training of use of computer programs (e.g. Dairy Champ) for
dairy health and production. Farm record analysis for prevention of
diseases. Drug residue screening procedures Detection procedures for
failure of passive transfer of immunity Colostrum preservation and feeding
Identifications of common poisonous plants Somatic cell counts and
standard plate counts for evaluation of milk quality Body condition scoring
Screening of animals for mastitis, tuberculosis, Jhones disease,
brucellosis. Drinking water analysis Silage preparation, feeding and
related problems Least cost feed formulation Designing a herd health
programmes for a dairy in a periurban setting Feasibility report of a dairy
farm Detection techniques for insecticides, pesticides & mycotoxins from
cotton seed cake and other feeds stuff Practice of preventive package
through community animal health workers
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Kaneene, J.B., & E.C. Mather, W.K. Kellog. 1992. Cost Benefits of
Food Animal Health. Michigan State Univ., USA.
2. Radostits, O.M., C.C. Gay, and K.W. Hinchcliff, P. D. Constable 2007.
Veterinary Medicine A Textbook of the Diseases of Cattle, Sheep,
Pigs, Goats, and Horses. 10th Ed. W.B. Sauders Co., Philadelphia,
USA.
3. Recent Proceedings of the meetings of American Association of
Bovine Practitioners.
4. Howard, J.L. 1993 Current Veterinary therapy III. Food Animal
Practice W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia
5. Andrews A. H. 2000. The Health of Dairy Cattle, Blackwell
Science,Oxford
68
6. Radostits, O.M., K. E. Leslic and J. Fetrow. 1994. Herd Health: Food
Animal Production Medicine. 4th Ed. W.B. Sauders Co., Philadelphia,
USA.
7. Divers, T. J. and S. F. Peek, 2008. Rebhuns Diseases of Dairy
Cattle. Saunders- Elsevier. St. Louis, USA.
8. Brand, A., J. P. T.M. Noordhuizen and Y. H. Schukken, 2005. Herd
Health and Production management in Dairy Practice. Wageningen
Academic Publishers, Netherland.
9. Internet sources, papers in the proceeding of relevant seminars,
conferences, symposia, workshops etc.
ANIMAL REPRODUCTION & ARTIFICIAL 4(2-2)

INSEMINATION
THEORY
Functional anatomy and physiology of Male Reproductive system;
Functional anatomy and physiology of female reproductive system
(Ovaries, oviduct, uterus, cervix and vagina); Endocrinology of
Reproduction; Hormones of Hypothalamus, Pituitary gland, ovary, testis,
uterus and placenta; Puberty; Breading seasons in Farm animals;
Physiology of estrous cycle (Follicular Phase & Luteal Phase);
Folliculogenesis and oogenesis; Ovulation; Spermatogenesis; Control of
estrous cycle; Fertilization; Sperm transport in female reproductive tract;
Embryogenesis; Maternal Recognition of pregnancy; Sex differentiation;
Placentation; Gestation; Parturition; Puerperium & Lactation; Physiology of
small ruminants, equine and canine/feline Reproduction; Introduction to
Artificial Insemination; Present Status of AI in Pakistan; Estrus detection
methods; Sire Selection (Progeny testing program)
PRACTICAL
Functional anatomy and histology of female reproductive system
(Demonstration); Study of female reproductive organs (Table palpation);
Biometry of female reproductive organs (Table palpation); Demonstration
of ovarian changes during estrous cycle in cows/buffaloes; Demonstration
of changes in the female reproductive tract during pregnancy; Palpation of
Non-pregnant Reproductive tract in live animals; Palpation of pregnant
reproductive organs; Practice of passing AI rod; Functional anatomy and
histology of male reproductive system (Demonstration); Sterilization of
semen collection equipments and bull preparation for semen collection;
Preparation of artificial vagina and demonstration of semen collection by
different methods; Collection and evaluation of semen; Demonstration of
various methods of semen storage; Application and uses of AI Gun, AI
Sheath and AI rod; Thawing of frozen Semen; Semen Handling
69
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. PL Senger (2003) Pathways to pregnancy and parturition. 2nd Ed.
Current Conceptions Inc. Washington State university Press, Pullman
USA
2. Hafez ESE and B. Hafez (2000) Reproduction in Farm Animals. 7th
Ed. Lippincott, USA.
3. Salisbury, G. W.; Van Demark, N.L. and J. R. Lodge (1985)
Physiology of Reproduction and AI of cattle. 2nd Edition, CBS
Publishers, India
4. Penner, P.; R. Ed. Empringham and P.A. Watson (1993) Bovine
Artificial Insemination Technical Manual. 2nd edition. Published by
Canadian Association of Animal Breeders, Woodstock, Ontario,
Canada
VETERINARY TOXICOLOGY AND 3(1-2)

CHEMOTHERAPY
THEORY
Concepts and general considerations. Chemotherapy of Microbial
diseases Chemotherapy of Fungal diseases Chemotherapy of Fungal
diseases Chemotherapy of viral diseases Beta lactam antibiotics Beta
lactam antibiotics Aminoglycosides Macrolides Lincosamides Tetracylines
Chloramphenicol Nitrofurans Quinolones Sulfonamides and combinations
with TMP Antiviral agents Antifungal agents
PRACTICAL
Tests for residues of antibiotics. Tests for residues of Sulphonamides
Antibiotic sensitivity tests Microbiological assay Tests for screening of
pesticide residues in fodder Tests for screening of antibiotics toxic levels in
fodder. Tests for screening of nitrates toxic levels in fodder. Tests for
screening of hydrocyanic acid toxic levels in fodder. Drug incompatibilities
Acute toxicity study Strychnine poisoning in rabbits. Strychnine poisoning
in dogs. Drugs effects on neuromuscular junction. Demonstration of the
destruction of acetylcholine by cholinesterase. Effects of histamine on
tissues.Study tour to pharmaceutical industry
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Hardma n, J.G., L.E. Limbird, et al., 2005. Goodman and Gillman
pharmacology basis of therapeutics, 11th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York.
Therapeutics. 3rd Ed. Agri. Livestock Bureau Pakistan, Faisalabad.
70
4. Katzung, B.G. 2003. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. 8th Ed., 2001
Mc Graw hill, New York.
5. Moats, W. A., and Marjorie, B.M. Medina (1996). Veterinary Drug
residues food safety, Oxford press.
6. Brander, G.C., D. M. Pugh, R. J. Bywater and W. L. Jenkins, 1996.
Veterinary Applied Pharmacology & Therapeutics 6th Ed., Bailliere
Tindall, London.
7. Osweiler, G. D. (1996). Toxicology. Williams and Wilkins, Philadephia
USA.
8. Research and review p0apers in current journals.
9. Osweiler, G. D; Carson, T. L; Buck W. B. and Gelder, G. A. V. (1998).
Clinical and Diagnostic Veterinary Toxicology 3rd Ed. Kendall/Hunt
Publishing Company Dubuque, lowa USA.
10. H.S. Sandhu., S. Rampal, 2006. Essentials of Veterinary
Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana, India.
DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING 3(1-2)
THEORY
Scope of diagnostic imaging in veterinary practice, Radiographic

terminology and basic principles to study a radiograph , Nature and
production of X-rays, Radiographic image formation, Radiographic
hazards and protection, Radiography of the skeletal system, Plain and
contrast radiography of urinary system, Plain and contrast radiography of
gastro-intestinal system, Plain and Contrast radiography of Respiratory
system, Principles of diagnostic ultrasound, Indications and techniques,
Ultrasound artifacts, Sonography of the general abdomen: liver and
spleen, Sonography features of gastrointestinal tract, Sonography features
of urinary tract & reproductive tract, Sonography of musculoskeletal
system, Sonography features of eye and orbit, Imaging of heart and
Doppler ultrasound, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), CT Scan
PRACTICAL
X-ray machine and its working, Dark room requirements and maintenance,
Exposure and processing of films, Contrast Radiography techniques,
Examination and Evaluation of Radiograph, Techniques for radiography of
appendicular and axial skeleton, Imaging of the general abdomen,
Imaging of liver and spleen, Imaging of gastrointestinal tract and pancreas,
Imaging of urinary tract, Imaging of reproductive tract, Imaging of
musculoskeletal system, Imaging of eye and orbit, Imaging of
cardiovascular system, Use of Ultrasonography Equipments, Imaging of
clinical cases presented to the clinics of the department.
71
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Penninck, D., and M. DAnju, 2008. Atlas of Small Animal
Ultrasonography. Blackwell Publishing Co., Oxford. UK.
2. Mannion, P. (Ed.), 2006. Diagnostic Ultrasound in Small Animal
Practice. Blackwell Science ltd., Oxford, UK.
3. Kealy, J. K., and H. McAllister, 2004. Diagnostic Radiology and
Ultrasonography of Dog and Cat. W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia,
USA
4. Farrow, C., 2003. Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging. Mosby International,
W. B. Saunders Co. Ltd., USA.
5. Thrall, D. E. (Ed.), 2002. Textbook of Veterinary Diagnostic
Radiology. W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, USA.
6. Robert, E. C., B. A. Selcer, J. A. Hudson, S. T. Finn-Bonder, M. B.
Mahaffey, P. L. Johnson and K. W. Marich, 1995. Practical Veterinary
Ultrasound. Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia, USA.
7. Singh, A. P., and J. Singh. 1995. Veterinary Radiology. CBS,
Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, India.
POULTRY HOUSING AND FARM 4(2-2)

MANAGEMENT
THEORY
Basic principles for site selection and house construction; poultry housing
types and systems; open sided Vs environment controlled houses; poultry
equipments; brooding, rearing and laying management; early chick
mortality and its control; raising of broilers, layers and breeder flocks; cage
and deep litter management; light management; management during hot
and cold climates; farming of pigeons, quails, turkey, pea fowls, ostrich
and ducks; litter management and waste disposal; significance of record
keeping.
PRACTICAL
Demonstration of housing and layout plans of poultry houses;
demonstration of open sided and environmentally control houses;
demonstration regarding equipments, vaccination, medication, beak
trimming and fumigation; selection and culling procedures; induced
molting techniques; managing flocks during hot and cold climate; feasibility
report for broilers, layers and breeder farm; use of computer in record
keeping and analysis; visit to a modern commercial broiler, layer and
breeder farms.
72
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Sainsbury, D. 1999. Poultry Health and Management; chickens,
turkey, ducks, geese and quails. Blackwell Scientific Publications,
London. UK.
4. Jadhav, N.V. 1998. Practical Manual for Avian Production and
Management. Jaypee Brothers, Medical Publishers (Pvt.) Ltd., New
Delhi, India.
5. Jull, M.A. 2003. Successful Poultry Management. Biotech Books.
Delhi India.
LARGE ANIMAL SURGERY 3(1-2)
THEORY
Scope of large animal surgery, Surgical affections of head and neck and
ear, Affections of eye, Affections of eye, Affections of musculo-skeletal
system, Affections of musculo-skeletal system, Affections of musculo-
skeletal system, Affections of digestive system,Surgical management of
colic, Affections of teeth, Affections of thorax, Affections of urinary system,
Affections of male genital system, Affections of female genital system,
Affections of the integumentary system, skin, claws, horns, and tail,
Affections of the teats and udder.
PRACTICAL
Ectropion, entropion and enucleation of eyeball procedure, Ectropion,
entropion and enucleation of eyeball, practical demonstration, Various
tenectomies and tendon repair and neurectomy, procedure, Various
tenectomies and tendon repair and neurectomy, practical demonstration,
Temporary and Permanent Tracheotomy, and laryngeal diverticulectomy
procedure, Temporary and Permanent Tracheotomy and laryngeal
diverticulectomy practical demonstration, Oesophagotomy procedure,
Oesophagotomy, practical demonstration, Rumenotomy procedure,
Rumenotomy practical demonstration, Castration of farm animals and
equine, procedure, Castration of farm animals and equine, practical
demonstration, Penile amputation, procedure, Penile amputation, practical
demonstration, Methods of disbudding and dehorning and tail docking in
cattle and buffaloes, procedure, Methods of disbudding and dehorning and
tail docking in cattle and buffaloes, practical demonstration
73
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Venugopalan. A., 2000. Essentials of Veterinary Surgery 8th ed.
Oxford and IBH. Publishers and Distributors. New Delhi. India.
2. Auer. J.A., 1999. Equine surgery. 2nd ed. W.B. Saunders Co.,
Philadelphia. USA.
4. Colahan. PT A.M. Merrite, IN. Moore and l.G. Mayhew, 1999. Equine
Medicine and Surgery .5th ed. (Vol. 1 &2). Mosby, Philadelphia. USA.
5. Turner. A.S. and C. W. Mcllwraith, 1994. Techniques in Large Animal
Surgery. 2nd ed. Lea & Febiger Philadelphia, USA.
6. Tagi. R.P.S. and L Singh, 1993. Ruminant Surgery. C.B.S. Publishers
and Distributors. New Delhi; India.
7. Oehme. F.W., and E. Prier, 1988. Textbook of Large Animal Surgery.
2nd ed. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, London. UK.
SYSTEMIC VETERINARY MEDICINE- I 3(3-0)
THEORY:
Diseases Of Digestive And Hepatobiliary System Vesicular stomatitis
Colibacillosis Salmonellosis (Paratyphoid) Rinderpest (Cattle Plauge) and
Peste des petits ruminants Foot and Mouth Disease Bovine Viral Diarrhea
/ Mucosal disease Acute undifferentiated diarrhea in newborn farm
animpals Enterotoxemia Johnes disease Malignant catarrhal fever
Hemonchosis Blue tongue and Oral necrobacillosis Coccidiosis
Cryptosporidiosis and Giardiasis Fasciolosis Strongylosis and
Toxoplasmosis Braxy (Bradshot) and Infectious necrotic hepatitis (Black
disease) Miscellaneous roundworm infestations, Intestinal amphistomiasis,
tapeworm infestations etc. Newcastle disease and Inclusion body hepatitis
Thrush, Infectious stunting syndrome and Spirochateosis in Poultry
Giardiasis and Cryptosporidiosis Leptospiriosis Infectious Canine Hepatitis
Parvovirus infection and Feline panluekpenia Feline calicivirus and Fatty
Liver Disease in cats Canine and Feline Cornavirus infections Pet
diseases caused by protozoa, nematodes and cestodes etc. Diseases Of
Mammary Glands, Metabolic Diseases And Nutritional Disorders
Mastitis and Miscellaneous abnormalities of teats and udder, Parturient
paresis (milk fever) Downers cow syndrome and hypomagnesemic tetany
Ketosis and pregnancy toxemia Post-parturient hemoglobinuria Iodine
deficiency, Selenium and / or vitamin E deficiency Calcium (hypocalcemia)
and / or phosphorous (hypophosphatemia) deficiency Lactation tetany of
mares Miscellaneous mineral deficiencies, Diseases associated with
deficiencies of fat soluble and water soluble vitamins in horses
74
Deficiencies imbalances of vitamins, minerals, proteins and other
nutrients, poisonings and intoxications in poultry Deficiencies imbalances
of vitamins, minerals, proteins and other nutrients, etc. in Pets,
Eclampasia Diseases Associated With Physical Agents Lightening
stroke and electrocution Diseases associated with inorganic poisons (Lead
Arsenic, phosphorous, mercury, etc. farm animals and pets Nux Vomica
poisoning in dog Diseases associated with farm chemicals (Anthelmentics,
organophosphorous compounds etc.) Poisoning by mycotoxicosis
Miscellaneous systemic conditions Snake bite, Bee Sting and insect
bites Diseases Of Urogenital System Brucellosis and Contagious bovine
pyelonephritis Leptospirosis and Dourine Egg drop syndrome Feline
Urological Syndrome
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
2. Y. M. Saif 2003. Diseases of Poultry. 11th Ed. Iowa State Press A
Blackwell Publishing Company. USA
3. Matin W. B. and I. D. Ait Isen, 2000. Diseases of Sheep, 3rd Ed.
Blackwell Science, Oxford, U. K.
4. Chaudhry Zafar Iqbal and Saif Uddin Jahangir Akbar, 2000. The
Camel and its Diseases. Al Bayan Printing and Publishing Est. UAE.
6. Rebhum, W. C. 1998. Diseases of Dairy Cattle, Williams and Willkins,
Baltimore, USA.
7. Smith B.P. 1996. Large Animal Internal Medicine. 2nd Ed. The Mosby
Co. Philadelphia U.S.A.
11. Rhea V. Morgan. 1997. Handbook of Small Animal Practice. 3rd Ed.
W. B. Saunders Company, PA, USA.
12. Larry P. Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 1997. The 5 Minute
Veterinary Consult Canine and Feline. William and Wilkins, M.D.
USA.
MEAT HYGIENE AND PUBLIC HEALTH 3(1-2)
THEORY
Introduction to meat industry; Significance of meat hygiene in public health
Objectives of meat inspection Characteristics of good quality meat Food
animal transportation and its effects on carcass quality; determinants of
75
meat quality Ante mortem examination of food animals Slaughtering
techniques and dressing Postmortem inspection of food animals Systemic
inspection of carcass Non-specific and specific lesions in different organs
of the body and meat judgment Non-specific and specific lesions in
different organs of the body and meat judgment Differentiation of meat of
different animals Chemical and antibiotics residues in meat Meat hygiene
practice; Food poisoning and meat microbiology Poultry meat Inspection
in specific diseases Poultry meat dressing and preservation Laws
governing slaughters of animals and meat quality Laws governing
slaughters of animals and meat quality
PRACTICAL
General layout of slaughter house Ante mortem inspection Postmortem
inspection Carcass judgment Chemical tests for putrefaction Slaughter
house sanitation Differentiation of meat of different animals Chemical
residues detection in meat Microbial tests of meat and antibiotics residues
detection in meat Guidelines for minimum postmortem inspection
requirements of heads for cattle, sheep and goats Guidelines for minimum
postmortem inspection requirements of viscera for cattle, sheep and
goats Recognition of various pathological conditions of meat and edible
organs Disposal of condemned meat Visit to abattoir
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Andrew, G., 2009. Bovine Meat Inspection: Anatomy, Physiology and
Disease Conditions. Paul & Co Pub Consortium.
2. Wilson, A., 2008. Wilsons Practical Meat Inspection. 7th Ed. Blackwell
Pub Professional, Ames, Iowa, USA.
3. Grist, A., 2005. Bovine Meat Inspection: Anatomy, Physiology and
Disease Conditions. Blackwell Pub Professional, Ames, Iowa, USA.
4. Gracey, J. F., 1999. Meat Hygiene. 10th Edition. The English
Language Book Society, Bailiere Tindal, London, UK.
5. Akab, B. and M. Johnston, 1996. Poultry Meat Hygiene and
Inspection. W. B. Saunders and Co., Philadelphia.
6. Herenda, D. C. and D. A. Faranco, 1991. Food animal Pathology and
Meat Hygiene. Mosby Year Book, London.
MILK HYGIENE AND PUBLIC HEALTH 3(1-2)
THEORY:
Introduction to meat industry; Significance of meat hygiene in public health
Objectives of meat inspection Characteristics of good quality meat Food
animal transportation and its effects on carcass quality; determinants of
meat quality Ante mortem examination of food animals Slaughtering
techniques and dressing Postmortem inspection of food animals Systemic
76
inspection of carcass Non-specific and specific lesions in different organs
of the body and meat judgment Differentiation of meat of different animals
Chemical and antibiotics residues in meat Meat hygiene practice; Food
poisoning and meat microbiology Poultry meat Inspection in specific
diseases Poultry meat dressing and preservation Laws governing
slaughters of animals and meat quality
PRACTICAL:
General layout of slaughter house Ante mortem inspection Postmortem
inspection Carcass judgment Chemical tests for putrefaction Slaughter
house sanitation Differentiation of meat of different animals Chemical
residues detection in meat Microbial tests of meat and antibiotics residues
detection in meat Guidelines for minimum postmortem inspection
requirements of heads for cattle, sheep and goats Guidelines for minimum
postmortem inspection requirements of viscera for cattle, sheep and
goats Visit to abattoir
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Andrew, G., 2009. Bovine Meat Inspection: Anatomy, Physiology and
Disease Conditions. Paul & Co Pub Consortium.
2. Wilson, A., 2008. Wilsons Practical Meat Inspection. 7th Ed. Blackwell
Pub Professional, Ames, Iowa, USA.
3. Grist, A., 2005. Bovine Meat Inspection: Anatomy, Physiology and
Disease Conditions. Blackwell Pub Professional, Ames, Iowa, USA.
4. Gracey, J. F., 1999. Meat Hygiene. 10th Edition. The English
Language Book Society, Bailiere Tindal, London, UK.
5. Akab, B. and M. Johnston, 1996. Poultry Meat Hygiene and
Inspection. W. B. Saunders and Co., Philadelphia.
6. Herenda, D. C. and D. A. Faranco, 1991. Food animal Pathology and
Meat Hygiene. Mosby Year Book, London
ANIMAL BREEDING PLANS AND POLICIES 4(2-2)
THEORY
Role of animal breeding. Selection methods and kinds. Various system of
breeding; Inbreeding, line breeding, out-breeding, out-crossing,
crossbreeding, grading up. Development of inbred lines, selection for best
combining abilities, reciprocal recurrent selection. Traits of economic
importance in cattle, buffalo, sheep/goat and poultry. Animal genetic
resources. National breeding policy. Constraints and future breeding
plans. Emerging breeding technologies. Role of breed registry
societies/associations in developed countries and its application in
Pakistan.
77
PRACTICAL
Computation of various productive traits in farm animals and poultry.
Exercises on the feasibility of pure breeding and crossbreeding in farm
animals and poultry. Measurement of coefficient of relationship and
inbreeding. Measurement of heterosis. Estimation of genetic changes in
performance traits due to various mating system. Evaluation of livestock
and poultry on the basis of their own performance, pedigree and progeny.
Selection exercises and assessment of genetic gain. Calculation of
breeding values from single and repeated records. Use of computer for
data handling and analyses. Visit of livestock and poultry breeding farms.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Bourdon, R.M. 2000. Understanding Animal Breeding: Prentice-Hall,
Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
2. Legates, J.E. and E.J. Warwick. 1990. Breeding and Improvement of
Farm Animals. McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., New York. .
3. MINFAL. 1991. National Agricultural Policy. Ministry of Food,
Agriculture and Cooperatives. Government of Pakistan, Islamabad.
4. Oldenbroek, J.K. 1999. Gene banks and the Conservation of Farm
Animal Genetic Resources. DLO Institute for Animal Science and
Health, The Netherlands.
5. Willis, M.B. 1998. Daltons Introduction to Practical Animal Breeding.
Blackwell, Science Ltd. UK.
EQUINE AND CAMEL PRODUCTION 3(1-2)
THEORY:
Camel as milk, meat and draught animal; equines (horses mules &
donkeys) as draught animals; types and breeds of camel and equines;
special characteristics, body conformation and draught ability of camel and
equines; selection for various types; breeding, feeding and reproduction
management of camel, horse & donkey; principles of equitation; common
ailments and prophylactics; welfare of camel and equines.
PRACTICAL:
Demonstration of body conformation and defects; determining age;
marking camel and horses; grooming and cleaning; use of various
management tools and equipment; care of foot; use and care of harness
and saddles; equitation practices; measuring physiological norms; visit to
stud farms.
78
REPRODUCTION CLINIC I 4(0-4)
PRACTICAL
Breeding soundness examination of female Biometry of female
reproductive organs Palpation of female reproductive system on palpation
table Rectal palpation of genital organs in the live animal Estrus cycle
Different methods of estrus detection. Pregnancy diagnosis Systematic
procedure for conducting clinical examination of male reproductive system
Breeding soundness examination of male Testicular circumference,
manual palpation of epididymis, testis in normal and abnormal conditions
Rectal palpation of accessory sex glands Methods of semen collection &
semen handling Evaluation, processing & freezing of semen Live/dead
staining of spermatozoa & determination of sperm abnormalities Dilution
rate and extension of semen Different extenders and their preparation
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Zemjenis, R. 1970 Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques in Animal
Reproduction The Williams & Wilkins Company, Baltimore.
2. Morrow, D.A., 1986 Current Therapy in Theriogenology, II. W.B.
Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
3. Ahmad, M. And M.A. Saji, 1997. Mannual for Beeding Soundness of
Dairy Bulls for use in A.I. Livestock and Dairy development
Department, 16-Cooper Road, Lahore.
4. Kahn, W., D. Wolkmann and R.M. Kenney, 1994 Veterinary
Reproductive Ultrasonography, Mosby-Wolfe, London.
MEDICINE CLINIC -I 4(0-4)
PRACTICAL:
Exercises in clinical examination Diagnosis and treatment of diseases of
alimentary system Diagnosis and treatment of diseases of hemopoitic
system Diagnosis and treatment of diseases of cardiovascular system
Diagnosis and treatment of diseases of hepatobiliary system Diagnosis
and treatment of diseases of hepatobiliary system Diagnosis and
treatment of diseases of respiratory system Diagnosis and treatment of
diseases of nervous system Diagnosis and treatment of diseases of
urinary system Diagnosis and treatment of diseases of skin and
musculoskeletal system Demonstration of different diagnostic and
treatment methods like gastric lavage, enema, allergic tests etc. Practical
handling of emergencies like colic, tympany, snake bite, poisoning, shock,
heat stroke etc. Recording of minimum 10 cases under the supervision of
teacher and making a presentation after consulting veterinary information
resources like journals, books and internet etc.
79
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
4. Pinsent, P.J.N. and C.L. Fuller (1997) Outline of clinical diagnosis in
horse. Blackwell science, Oxford, UK.
5. Andrew, AH (1990) Outline of clinical diagnosis in cattle. Butterwort &
Co., London, UK.
SURGERY CLINIC-I 4(0-4)
PRACTICAL:
Physical and chemical restraint techniques in horses Physical and
chemical restraint techniques in ruminants Physical and chemical restraint
techniques in pets History taking and clinical examination Routes of drug
administration and catheterization in male and female animals Bandages
and bandaging techniques Preparations used for topical dressing of
wounds Treatment of wounds abrasions, galls and ulcers Treatment and
Management of abscesses Trocarization in small and large animals
Hospitalization and care of sick animals.
Note: The topics will be covered subject to the availability of cases at

the clinics.
Students will be required to record a minimum of 10 cases (history taking,

clinical findings, laboratory investigation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis
treatment and discussion) in each clinic course under the supervision of a
teacher. The discussion of the case record will be written by consulting
library books, journals and internet. Ambulatory clini c will be arranged by
the University/Institute. Audio-Video films for each operation will be
developed and shown during the course of studies.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Venugopalan, A. 2000. Essentials of Veterinary Surgery. 8th ed.
Oxford and 1BH Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, India.
2. Kumar. A. 1997. Veterinary Surgical Techniques. Vikas Publishing
House, New Delhi, India.
3. Harari. 1993. Surgical Complications and Wound Healing in the small
Animal Practices, VV.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, USA.
80
VETERINARY OBSTETRICS AND GENITAL 6(2-4)
DISEASES
THEORY
Significance of obstetrics; Effect of Climate on fertility; Effect of Nutrition
on fertility; Early embryonic mortality; Bovine Abortion (non-infectious and
infectious causes); Mummification & Maceration; Dropsy of Fetal
membranes & Teratological defects in cattle; Uterine Torsion; Genital
Prolapse; Causes and types of dystocia; Selection of obstetrical
procedures; Diseases of Puerperal period; Metabolic diseases; Retention
of Fetal membranes; Brucellosis; Leptospirosis and other bacterial
diseases of reproductive importance; Compylobacteriosis and
Trichomoniasis; IBR, IPV and other misc infections; Hormonal causes of
infertility; Repeat Breeding; Anestrus; Uterine infections; Uterine cultures
and treatment; Genetic and nutritional basis of infertility in male; Different
types/forms of infertility in male; Principles of Hormonal & Antibiotic
therapy; Small ruminants reproductive disorders and Caesarian Section;
Equine Reproductive Disorders; Canine Reproductive Disorders
PRACTICAL
Introduction to obstetrics & Obstetrical Anatomy; Normal presentation,
position and posture; Abnormal presentation , position and posture of
fetus; Identification of Obstetrical Instruments; Method of use of
Obstetrical Instruments; Normal parturition mechanism in different
species; Fetomaternal disproportion; Maternal causes of dystokia; Fetal
causes of dystokia; Introduction of obstetrical Procedures in Maternal and
Fetal Dystokia; Handling of Animal; Preparation of Animal for Handling
Dystokia; Procedures to correct Postural Defect (Mutation); Forced
extraction ( Obstetrical Procedures); Performance of Mutation and forced
extraction; Introduction and different methods of fetotomy; Performance of
fetotomy; Epidural anesthesia; Different type of anesthesia used for C-
section. ( Local, Paravertebral anesthesia); Induction of parturition in
cattle; Caesarian Section; induction of abortion in cattle; Diagnosis of
Various types of Dystokia; Approach to an obstetrical case; Treatment of
Various types of Dystokia; Method of Handling of Clinical cases; Method of
Handling of Clinical cases; Venereal diseases in the animals causing
abortion; Handling of various types of prolapse and torsion; Prevention
and Treatment of Infertility in Male; Prevention and Treatment of Infertility
in Female; Injuries and Disease of the Puerperal period
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Roberts, S.J., 1986. Veterinary Obstetrics and Genital Diseases. 2nd
Ed., Edwards Brothers, Inc., Ann. Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A.
3. Youngquist, Current therapy in large animal Thereogenology 2007
81
SYSTEMIC VETERINARY MEDICINE- II 3(3-0)
THEORY:
Diseases of Cardiovascular and Hemopoeitic Congestive heart failure
and Pericarditis Bacillary hemoglobinuria and Black leg Equine infectious
anemia and equine viral arteritis Hydropericardium syndrome Avian
infectious anemia and Streptococcosis in poultry Diseases of
Hemolymphatic and Immune System Babesiosis (Texas Fever) and
Theileriosis (East Coast Fever) Trypanosomiasis Lymphadenitis in sheep
and Epizootic lymphadenitis in cattle Anaplasmosis and Bovine farcy
Equine and Canine Ehrlichiosis, Purpura hemorrhagica Ulcerative and
Epizootic lymphangitis Lymphoid leukosis and Infectious bursal disease
Hemorrhagic disease and Mallee in Camels Diseases Of Respiratory
System Pasteurellosis Mammalian and Avian Tuberculosis
Mycoplasmosis Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis Ovine progressive
pneumonia Equine viral adenopneumonitis and African horse sickness
Equine Influenza Avian Influenza, Brooders pneumonia Aspergillosis and
Lungworm infestation Infectious coryza and Fowl Cholera Infectious
bronchitis and Infectious laryngotracheitis Canine and Feline Upper
Respiratory Tract Syndrome Disease of Nervous System Rabies
Scrapie and Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Listeriosis Equine viral
encephalomyelitis and Borreliosis (Lyme Diseases) Avian
Encephalomyelitis and Mareks Diseases Botulism and Borna disease
Canine Distemper, Vail in Camel Diseases of Musculoskeletal System
Staphylococcus infection and Black leg Actinomycosis & Actinobacillosis
Ephemeral fever and Caprine arthritis/encephalitis Malignant edema and
Tetanus Staphlococcosis, Viral arthritis, Femur head necrosis in poultry
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
4. Matin W. B. and I. D. Ait Isen, 2000. Diseases of Sheep, 3rd Ed.
Blackwell Science, Oxford, U. K.
5. Chaudhry Zafar Iqbal and Saif Uddin Jahangir Akbar, 2000. The
Camel and its Diseases. Al Bayan Printing and Publishing Est. UAE.
7. Rebhum, W. C. 1998. Diseases of Dairy Cattle, Williams and Willkins,
Baltimore, USA.
8. Smith B.P. 1996. Large Animal Internal Medicine. 2nd Ed. The Mosby
Co. Philadelphia U.S.A.
82
11. Larry P. Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 1997. The 5 Minute
Veterinary Consult Canine and Feline. William and Wilkins, M.D.
USA.
FORENSIC MEDICINE AND JURISPRUDENCE 1(1-0)
THEORY
Definitions: Law, constitution, statutes, rules & regulations, ordinances,
acts. Court , lawyer, Legal procedures in court, veterinary evidences,
witness, Veterinarian as an expert, Legal duties of veterinarian Livestock
laws and acts; Livestock slaughtering acts and control of slaughtering
Livestock laws and acts; livestock Improvement, export and import,
conservation, Livestock laws and acts; livestock Diseases, livestock
protection, prevention of cruelty to animals Livestock laws and acts;
livestock grazing and pasture, nutrition, livestock development,
cooperatives; Animal insurance Livestock laws and acts; local and special
laws, department service rules Quarantine and quarantine act; Common
offences against animals Postmortem examination of animals from
forensic perspective Determination of age of the animals; Detection of
frauds in livestock Mechanical injuries and woundsVetro-legal aspects of
wounds and injuries, difference between antemeortem and postmortem
wounds, fractures etc; Death due to wounds, immediate, remote or indirect
cause; Firearm wounds; Injuries due to heat, Burns Postmortem findings
in lightening, electrocution and drowning, snake bite, tympany and anthrax
Common poisoning in animals and post mortem findings; plant toxins
Postmortem findings in tuberculosis, foot and mouth disease, hemorrhagic
septicemia Ethics in biomedical research
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Cooper, J. E. and M. E. Cooper, 2007. Introduction to Veterinary and
Comparative Forensic Medicine. Blackwell Publishing Book Services,
Oxford, UK.
2. Merck, M. D., 2007. Veterinary Forensics: Animal Cruelty
Investigations. Wiley-Blackwell.
3. Chakrabarti, A., S. K. Ray and N. Sahoo, 2004. Textbook of
veterinary ethics and jurisprudence. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi
India.
4. Andrews J. J. (ed.), 1986. Necropsy Techniques. The Veterinary
Clinics of North America, 2 (1): 1-202.
83
5. Dabas, Y. P. S. and O. P. Saxena, 1994. Veterinary Jurisprudence
and postmortem. INTERNATIONAL Book distributing co., Lucknow,
India.
6. Farani, m., 1983. Livestock laws manual. Food and Agriculture
organization of the United Nations Rome (Italy).
7. Qamar, I. A. and M. Z. Durrani, 1963. Veterinary laws in West
Pakistan. West Pakistan Agricultural University, Lyallpur.
SHOEING AND SOUNDNESS 3(1-2)
THEORY
Definition, history and basic terms in shoeing, Anatomy and physiology of
foot, The horseshoe and shoe nails, Hot and cold shoeing, Injuries caused
by farrier, Injures caused by Shoes, Injuries caused by nails, Faults in
dressing of foot, Affections of the foot, fore and hind limbs and corrective
shoeing, Affections of the foot, fore and hind limbs and corrective shoeing,
Affections of the foot, fore and hind limbs and corrective shoeing,
Blemishes and vices in animals, Dentition of farm animals, Soundness
PRACTICAL
Anatomy of foot, Anatomy of foot, Shoeing tools, Types of shoes and
nails, Types of shoes and nails, Hot Shoe preparation , Application of
shoes (removal of shoe, preparation of foot), Application of shoes
(removal of shoe, preparation of foot), Application of shoes (removal of
shoe, preparation of foot), Application of shoes (removal of shoe,
preparation of foot), Application of shoes (removal of shoe, preparation of
foot), Application of shoes (removal of shoe, preparation of foot), Practices
in determination of age from teeth, Practices in determination of age from
teeth, Soundness certificate writing, Soundness certificate writing.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Greenough P.R., F.L. MacCallum and A.D. Weaver. 1997. Lameness
in Cattle. 3rd Ed. Wright and Sons. Bristol, UK.
2. Pollitt. C.C. 1995. Colour Atlas of the Horse's Foot. Mosby-Wolfe,
Philadelphia. USA.
3. Emery. L. J. Miller and N.V. Hoosen,1977. Horseshoeing. Theory and
Hoof Care. Lea and Febiger. Philadelphia, USA.
4. Stashak, T. S. 1992. Adam's Lameness in I horses. 4th ed. Lea and
Febiger. Philadelphia.
84
SMALL ANIMAL SURGERY 5(1-4)
THEORY
General surgical considerations, Fluid and electrolyte therapy in small
animals, Affections of mouth & teeth, Affections of salivary glands,
Affections of neck , Digestive system, Digestive system, Hip and Shoulder
Dislocations, Fracture, Fracture, Affections of respiratory system. ,
Affections of skin and its adnexa, Affections of ears, Affections of urinary
system, Male genital system, Female genital system
PRACTICAL
The student will perform following fundamental exercises on survival
basis: Laparotomy techniques in small animals, Tooth extraction
procedure , Practical demonstration of Tooth extraction, Procedure for
salivary gland resection , Practical demonstration of salivary gland
resection, Splenectomy procedure , Practical demonstration of
Splenectomy, Gastrotomy procedure, Practical demonstration of
Gastrotomy, Intestinal end-to-end anastomosis procedure, Practical
demonstration of Intestinal end-to-end anastomosis, Castration procedure
in dog and cat, Practical demonstration of Castration procedure in dog and
cat, Overiohystrctomy procedure in bitches and queens, Practical
demonstration of Overiohystrctomy in bitches and queens, Cystotomy
procedure, Practical demonstration of Cystotomy, Nephrotomy and
Nephrectomy procedures, Practical demonstration of Nephrotomy and
Nephrectomy, Thoracotomy procedure, Practical demonstration of
Thoracotomy, Procedure for correction of auricular haematoma and ear
cropping procedure, Practical demonstration of correction of auricular
haematoma and ear cropping , Tail docking and Dewclaw amputation
procedure, Practical demonstration of Tail docking and Dewclaw
amputation, Procedure for repair of prolapse of eye ball, Practical
demonstration of repair of prolapse of eye ball, Approaches to different
long bones and use of external and internal fixation devices for fracture
repair, Practical demonstration of external fixation devices for fracture
repair, Practical demonstration of internal fixation devices for fracture
repair, Anal sac resection procedure, Practical demonstration of Anal sac
resection
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Bojrab, M.J., 1998. Current Techniques in Small Animal Surgery. 4th
ed. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, USA.
2. Slatter, D.H.. 1991. Textbook of Small animal Surgery 2nd ed. W.B.
Saunders Co., Philadelphia,USA.
3. Fossum, T. W. 1997. Small Animal Surgery. Mosby Year Book Inc.
St. loins, Missouri, USA.
4. Harvey,' C.E., C. D. Newton and A. Schavvartz 1990. Small
85
Animal Surgery. J.B. Lippincott. Philadelphia, USA.
5. Knecht. CD. A.R. Allen, D. J. Williams and J.H. Johnson,
1987. Fundamental Techniques in Veterinary Surgery. 3rd Ed. W.B.
Saunders Co. Philadelphia. USA.
6. Piemattei. D.L. 1993. An Atlas of Surgical Approaches to Bones of the
Dog and Cat. 3r F.d. W.B. Saunders Co. Philadelphia, USA.
7. Archibald J (ed.) 1974. Canine Surgery, Santa Barbra, American
Veterinary Publication Inc. USA.
REPRODUCTION CLINIC II 4(0-4)
PRACTICAL
Comparison of bovine & equine reproductive system Introduction of
artificial insemination Different methods of artificial insemination
Introduction & handling of liquid nitrogen cylinder Preparation of artificial
insemination gun Method of rod & AI gun passing in the female
reproductive tract Clinical application of hormones in different reproductive
problems Ultrasonography in domestic animals Use of elactoejaculator for
semen collection Training of students in diagnosis and treatment of
various reproductive problems at clinics Clinical case recording and
presentation for grading the students Recording of observations and
clinical diagnosis of the problem Diagnosis & treatment of repeat breeder
animalsEndometrial biopsy oviductal patency test.

clinics
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
MEDICINE CLINIC II 4(0-4)
PRACTICAL:
Practical exercise in clinical examination, diagnosis and treatment of
diseases of mammary glands, eye and ear Study tour to livestock and
poultry farms and research institutes Disease outbreak investigation
86
Discussion on important diseases Recording of minimum 15 cases under
the supervision of teacher and making a presentation after consulting
veterinary information resources like journals, books and internet
Recording of minimum 15 cases under the supervision of teacher and
making a presentation after consulting veterinary information resources
like journals,

the clinics.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
9th Ed. Merial Ltd. G. A., USA Andrew, AH (1990) Outline of clinical
diagnosis in cattle. Butterwort & Co., London, UK.
4. Petersen-Jones S. M. and S. M. Crispin. 2001. Manual of Small
Animal Ophthalmology. Blackwell Science, Oxford, U. K.
5. Pinsent, P.J.N. and C.L. Fuller (1997) Outline of clinical diagnosis in
horse. Blackwell science, Oxford, UK.
6. Rebhum, W. C. 1998. Diseases of dairy Cattle. Williams and Wilkins,
Baltimore. USA
SURGERY CLINIC-II 4(0-4)
PRACTICAL
Management and treatment of burn wounds, Management and treatment
of burn wounds, Management and treatment of burn wounds, Antibiotics,
Analgesics, Antiinflammatory drugs used in surgery, Antibiotics,
Analgesics, Antiinflammatory drugs used in surgery, Antibiotics,
Analgesics, Antiinflammatory drugs used in surgery, Lameness in large
animals , Lameness in large animals , Lameness in large animals , Nerve
block, regional and local anaesthesia in clinical cases, Nerve block,
regional and local anaesthesia in clinical cases, Nerve block, regional and
local anaesthesia in clinical cases, Use of firing and counter irritants in
veterinary practices, Use of firing and counter irritants in veterinary
practices, Use of firing and counter irritants in veterinary practices,
Induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia in field conditions ,
Induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia in field conditions,
Induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia in field conditions,
Surgical management of horn, hoof and tail affections, Surgical
management of horn, hoof and tail affections, Surgical management of
horn, hoof and tail affections, Teat surgery (instruments, techniques and
87
complications), Teat surgery (instruments, techniques and complications),
Teat surgery (instruments, techniques and complications), Castration of
large animals, Castration of large animals , Castration of large animals,
Visits to animal farms and hospitals, Visits to animal farms and hospitals,
Visits to animal farms and hospitals, Visits to animal farms and hospitals,
Visits to animal farms and hospitals
BOOK RECOMMENDED:
1. Crow, S.E. and A. A. Walshaw, 1997. Manual of Clinical Procedures
in the Dog and Cat. 2nd Ed. J.B. Lippincott, Philadelphia.
Tindall & Corsell, London, U. K. Bistner. S.I. and R.B. Ford, 1985.
3. Kirk and Bisner's. Handbook of Veterinary Procedures and
Emergency Treatment. 6th ed. W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia.
4. Oehme, F.W. and IE. Prier, 1998. Text book of Large Animals
Surgery. 2od ed. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, London.
LIVESTOCK FARMS OPERATIONS 4(0-4)
PRACTICAL
Routine farm practices, Housing management, Cleaning and sanitation,
Manure disposal, Milk production milk let down, Hygienic measures for
clean milk production, Mastitis screening tests and milk suckling,
Castration and Extra teat removal, Drenching and Dipping, Dehorning/
Disbudding and Trimming, Dentition of Farm Animals, Record keeping,
Preparation of animals for shows, Weaning practices, Care, handling and
feeding of calves, Dry cow/buffalo management, Planning for year round
fodder availability, Enrichment and preservation practices, Silage making,
Hay making, Protecting animals from inclement weather, Land and labor
management, Disease preventive measures, Prophylactic measures, Dry
cow therapy, Approaching and handling, Restraining of animals, Daily
roughage and concentrate feeding management practices for lactating and
dry stock, Daily roughage and concentrate feeding management practices
for dry stock, Total mix ration.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Banerjee, G.C., 1998. A text book of Animal Husbandry Oxford and
IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi, India
2. Bath, D.L., F.N. Dickenson, H.A. Tucker, 1985. Dairy Cattle:
principles, practices, problems, profits. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
3. Tufail, S.I., 1994. Animal Husbandry. National Book Foundation,
Islamabad, Pakistan
88
VETERINARY CLINICAL PATHOLOGY 4(0-4)
PRACTICAL:
Overview of the subject; Blood composition sampling strategies. Choosing
an appropriate test; Collection, preservation and dispatch of morbid
material Blood Collection, preservation/storage, evaluation RBC:
Physiological and Pathological response Abnormal erythrocytes:
Conditions and diseases Hemoglobin abnormalities, Hematocrit:
significance and abnormalities Bone marrow examination Anemia: Clinical
Evaluation Lab. Diagnosis of anemia: Tests and demonstration Lab.
Diagnosis of anemia: Performance of tests Differential diagnosis of
anemia, Erythrocyte indices, Polycythemia What is your diagnosis: Cases
of erythrocyte abnormalities Leukocytes in health and disease:
Leukopenia, Leukocytosis Leukocytes: individual cell response to disease
(Neutrophilia, neutropenia) Leukocytes: individual cell response to disease
(Lymphocytosis, lymphopenia) Leukocytes: individual cell response to
disease (Eosenophilia, eosinopenia, monopenia, monocytosis) TLC &
DLC: Demonstration and performance of tests What is your diagnosis:
Cases of leukocyte abnormalities Examination of Serum total proteins,
albumin and globulin: determination and performance Urinalysis:
Overview, Collection, preservation, Urinalysis: Physical Examination, color
Urinalysis: Physical Examination, color Urinalysis: volume, turbidity,
Specific gravity, Chemical Examination of urine, pH, proteinuria,
Glycosuria Determination of Ketonuiria, blood in urine, Determination of
urobilinogen, Calcium in urine Microscopic Examination of urine: Methods,
preparation of urine sediment Microscopic Examination of urine:
Organized and unorganized sediment examination Skin Scrapping:
Sample collection, processing and examination LFTs: Different tests of
liver Significance of various LFTs in disease diagnosis Different kidney
function tests Significance of kidney function tests in disease diagnosis
Exfoliative cytology
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Stockham, S. L. and M. A. Scott, 2008. Fundamentals of Veterinary
Clinical Pathology. Blackwell Pub Professional, Ames, Iowa, USA.
2. Khan, A., 2008. Veterinary Clinical Pathology. University of
Agriculture Press, Faisalabad.
3. Jackson, M. L., 2007. Veterinary Clinical Pathology: An Introduction.
Ist Ed., Blackwell Pub Professional, Ames, Iowa, USA.
4. Latimer, K.S., E. A. Mahaffey and K. W. Presse, 2003. Veterinary
Laboratory Medicine: Clinical Pathology. 4th Ed. Iowa State Press,
Ames, Iowa, USA.
5. Coles, E. H., 1986. Veterinary Clinical Pathology. 4th Ed., W. B.
Saunders Co., Philadelphia, USA.
89
VETERINARY EPIDEMIOLOGY & PUBLIC 4(2-2)
HEALTH
THEORY
Introduction of epidemiology & its branches, Historical Perspective &
JOHN Snows Findings, Roll of epidemiology in Preventive medicine, Role
of epidemiology in herd health, Epidemiology through the years,
Relationship of epidemiology & biostatistics, Introduction of public health &
veterinary public health, Relationship of public health & community health,
Emerging zoonoses & epidemic investigation, Role of international
organizations for the control of zoonoses, Descriptive epidemiology, Who,
when & where triad, agent, host & environment triad, Vital statistics,
Prevalence & incidence, its types & applications, Morbidity rate & mortality
rate, Tool of descriptive epidemiology, Surveillance introduction &
examples, Active surveillance, passive surveillance, Methodology of
surveillance, Sero surveillance & Geometric mean titer, Sample size
determination, Analytical epidemiology, Case control study retrospective
study, Applications & examples of C.C study, Cohort study / prospective
study, Applications & Examples of cohort studies, Experimental
epidemiology, Clinical & community trials, Disease prevention control &
eradication, International disease reporting, Water, milk, meat & food
borne zoonitic diseases, Role of WTO in import & export of animals &
animal by products.
PRACTICAL
Difference between qualitative & quantitative data, Presentation of data in
tables, graphs & curves, Histogram, bar diagram, PIE charts & flow charts
diagram, Different types of graphs on log & semi log paper, Difference
between rate, ratios proportion, Morbidity & mortality rate, incidence &
prevalence, Calculation of rates from the data & sample size,
Interpretation from the results of surveillance reports, determination, Field
visit for surveillance part I Data collection, Calculation & Inter pretation of
casecontrl study, cohat study from the given data I, Calculation & Inter
pretation of casecontrl study, cohat study from the given data II, Sample
size determination of analytical studies, Methodology of randomization of
clinical, Epidemic investigation from the given information..
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Thrusfied, M., 2006 Veterinary Epidemiology 3rd Ed. Blackwell
Science, London.
2. Jones, H. J., M. W. Jubbert and H.Hagstard, 2000. Zoonosis
Recognition, Control and Prevention, Blackwell Science, Ltd., Oxford,
U.K.
3. Ali Muhammad Mir, 2002, Synopsis of Epidemiology, Union
Publication Anarkali Lahore.
90
4. Chaudhary RA Khan MA and Din M. 2000 Epidemiology of Major
Livestock Diseases in Pakistan, College of Veterinary Science
Lahore.
5. Martin, W., A. Meek and P. Welleber, 1987. Veterinary Epidemiology,
Principle and Methods Iowa State University Press, Ames Iowa, USA.
6. Toma, B. and J. P. Vaillancourt, 1999. Directory of Veterinary
Epidemiology. The Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.
POULTRY PATHOLOGY 5(1-4)
THEORY
Introduction to poultry industry of Pakistan, significance of diseases in
poultry industry, Newcastle disease; Avian pneumovirus infection, Avian
influenza, Infectious bronchitis; Laryngotracheitis, Hydropericardium;
Inclusion body hepatitis; Egg drop syndrome, Infectious bursal disease,
Avian encephalomyelitis; Chicken infectious anemia, Avian pox; Reovirus
infections, Neoplastic diseases; Mareks disease; Leukosis sarcoma group,
Salmonellosis; Colibacillosis, Infectious coryza; Fowl cholera;
Spirocheatosis, Mycoplasmosis, Clostridial diseases, Coccidiosis; Other
parasitic diseases, Mycotoxicosis; Fungal infections, Nutritional diseases ;
Miscellaneous pathological disorders.
PRACTICALS
Disinfection of poultry farms; Laboratory tests for farm biosecurity
evaluation, Disinfection of hatcheries; Laboratory tests for monitoring of
hatchery biosecurity, hatching egg and chick health, Microbiological and
toxicological monitoring of processed chicken; Processing plants; Poultry
feeds, Postmortem techniques for poultry birds-I, Postmortem techniques
for poultry birds-II, Collection of blood, serum and tissue samples; Live
and dead birds submission to a laboratory, Postmortem examination and
diagnosis of the problem (Case recording)-1, Lab tests and differential
diagnosis of respiratory diseases of poultry birds, Postmortem examination
and diagnosis of the problem (Case recording)-2, Lab tests and differential
diagnosis of salmonellosis and colibacillosis, Postmortem examination and
diagnosis of the problem (Case recording)-3, Differential diagnosis of
coccidiosis caused by different Eimeria spp., Postmortem examination and
diagnosis of the problem (Case recording)-4, Diagnosis of early chick
mortality, Postmortem examination and diagnosis of the problem (Case
recording)-5, Lab tests for diagnosis of Newcastle disease, Avian
influenza, Postmortem examination and diagnosis of the problem (Case
recording)-6, Lab tests for diagnosis of mycoplasma, Postmortem
examination and diagnosis of the problem (Case recording)-7, Lab tests
for diagnosis of different neoplastic diseases, Postmortem examination
and diagnosis of the problem (Case recording)-8, Differential diagnosis of
enteric diseases of chicken, Postmortem examination and diagnosis of the
91
problem (Case recording)-9, Veterinary sanitary aspects of vaccine
handling and vaccination techniques, Postmortem examination and
diagnosis of the problem (Case recording)-10, Demonstration and
practical administration of vaccines, Postmortem examination and
diagnosis of the problem (Case recording)-11, Diagnosis of mycotoxicosis
and other toxicities; Mycotoxin detection, Postmortem examination and
diagnosis of the problem (Case recording)-12, Diagnosis of diseases due
to variation in ambient temperatures, water deprivations, Farm/hatchery
visits; Group discussions.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Saif, Y. M., A. M. Fadly, J. R. Glisson, L. R. McDougald, L. K. Nolan
and D. E. Swayne, 2008. Diseases of Poultry. 12th Ed. Wiley-
Blackwell, Ames, Iowa, USA.
2. Pattison, M., D. Alexander, J. M. Bradbury, P. Mcmullin (eds), 2008.
Poultry Diseases. Saunders Ltd, Philadelphia, USA.
3. Carlton, B. R., 2006. Avian Disease Manual. American Association of
Avian Pathologists.
4. Jordan, F. T. W., M. Pattison, D. Alexander, T. Faragher and D. J.
Alexander, 2002. Poultry Diseases. 5th Ed. W.B.Saunders Company,
London.UK.
5. Swayne, D. E., J. R. Glisson, M. W. Jackwood, J. E. Pearson and W.
M. Reed, 1998. A Laboratory Manual for the Isolation and
Identification of Avian Pathogens. 4th Ed. American Association of
Avian Pathologist inc. Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.
MEAT AND SLAUGHTER BY-PRODUCTS 4(2-2)

TECHNOLOGIES
THEORY
Scope and importance of meat production, Meat terminology, Important
meat breeds. Halal Slaughtering methods, Other slaughtering methods,
Hygienic production, and Handling of meat, Meat spoilage, Essentials of
meat quality, Factors influencing meat quality Antemortem, Factors
influencing meat quality Postmortem, Flaying techniques, Carcass
Grading, Meat evaluation for quality, Preparation of different meat cuts,
Modern meat processing, Physical and chemical treatments, Equipment
related to meat & meat products, Organoleptic meat evaluation, Meat
Preservation methods, Poultry meat processing technology, Poultry meat
processing technology, Fish meat processing technology, Meat by
products Edible (Liver, kidney, heart), Meat by products Edible (Brain.
Tongue, tail, testicles, Meat by products Edible (Head and trotters), Meat
by products Edible (Fats, stomach, gut, intestines, bones.), Meat by
products Non-Edible: (Hides and skins), Meat by products Non-Edible
(Tallow and greases, blood, horn & hooves.), Meat by products
92
Pharmaceutical: (Glands, pancreases, ovaries, parathyroid, pituitary,
testes), Meat by products Pharmaceutical (Thyroid, blood, bones,
intestines, liver, lungs, spinal cord and stomach, gallbladder), Meat by
products Sausages and sausages making. Slaughterhouse wastes
management.
PRACTICAL
Layout and designs of modern slaughterhouses and abattoirs,
Slaughterhouse management, Slaughterhouse sanitation, Antemortem
examination, Postmortem examination, Slaughtering techniques, Flaying
techniques, Rigor mortis phenomenon and physical & chemical properties
of meat, Meat grading, Meat cutting techniques and packaging, Meat
processing technologies, Methods of meat preservation, Meat Quality
analysis, Meat by products, Visit to tannery and processing plants, Visit to
slaughterhouse.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Romans, J.R. and P.T. Ziegler, 1994. The Meat We Eat. The
Interstate Printers and Publishers Inc., Danville, Illinois. U.S.A.
REFERENCE BOOKS
2. Lawrie, R.A., 1991. Meat Science. Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK.
3. Hui, Y.H., Nip. Wai. Kit. 2001. Meat Science & applications. Marcel
Dekker, Inc. New York, USA.
4. Graccy, J.F. 1999. Meat Hygiene, 10th The English Language Book
Society, Bailliere Tindal, London, UK.
5. Anwar, A.H. Khan M.N. 2000. Meat Hygiene and Inspection. Friends
Science Publishers. Faisalabad, Pakistan.
6. Edward, S. Koneicko. 1985. A Hand Book of Meat Analysis. Avery
Publishing Group Inc. New Jersey.
7. Hand book of fisheries and aquaculture technology, Asia pacific
business press inc.110007 Delhi, India.
8. Joe M. Regenstein.1997.Introduction to Fish Technology. Chapman &
Haal, Inc. New York USA.
REPRODUCTION CLINIC III 4(0-4)
PRACTICAL
Systematic procedure for conducting clinical examination of female
genitalia, Reasons and treatment of delayed puberty in heifers, Reasons &
treatment of prolonged calving interval in cattle & buffaloes, Diagnosis &
treatment of cystic ovarian degeneration, Diagnosis & treatment of uterine
infections (endometritis, pyometra etc.), Diagnosis & treatment of Vaginal
& uterine prolapsed, Diagnosis and treatment of Retention of placenta,
93
Diagnosis and treatment of dystocia, Fern pattern production in estrus
mucus in bovines and uterine sample collection for infections & culture
sensitivity test, Induction of parturition/abortion in cattle/buffalo,
Postpartum care of dam, Care of neonatal calf, Estrus cycle of bitches,
Vaginal cytology in bitches, Canine semen collection and evaluation,
Obtaining and examination of preputial samples, postmortem examination
of bulls reproductive tract.
clinics
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
MEDICINE CLINIC III 4(0-4)
PRACTICAL
Independent handling, diagnosis and treatment of clinical cases,
Assignment of indoor cases and maintaining their complete records,
Vaccination schedules in animals, Practical demonstration of control
measures for ecto and endo parasites on individual animals and on herd
basis, Training in ambulatory clinical practice, Veterinary disaster
preparedness (flood, drought, earthquake, poisonous gases, radiation,
nuclear disaster etc.), Study tour to livestock farms, Professional films,
Case record and presentation, Vetrolegal cases.
the clinics.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
94
4. Bistner, S. I. and R. B. Ford. 1995. Kirk and Bistners Handbook of
Veterinary Procedures and Emergency Treatment. 6th Ed. W. B.
Saunders Co., Philadelphia, USA.
SURGERY CLINIC-III 4(0-4)
PRACTICAL
Handling surgical emergency cases, Handling surgical emergency cases,
Handling surgical emergency cases, Fluid replacement therapy and blood
transfusion in. animals, Fluid replacement therapy and blood transfusion
in. animals, Fluid replacement therapy and blood transfusion in. animals,
Practice of passing stomach tube and stomach lavage, Practice of passing
stomach tube and stomach lavage, Practice of passing stomach tube and
stomach lavage, Back racking, rectal palpation, Back racking, rectal
palpation, Back racking, rectal palpation, Surgical management of
chocking, colic and grain over load, Surgical management of chocking,
colic and grain over load, Surgical management of chocking, colic and
grain over load, Management of urine retention cases, Management of
urine retention cases, Management of urine retention cases, Application of
plaster casts, Application of plaster casts, Application of plaster casts, Use
of radiography and ultrasound as a diagnostic tool, Use of radiography
and ultrasound as a diagnostic tool, Use of radiography and ultrasound as
a diagnostic tool, Group discussion on cases received in the clinics arid
case presentations, Group discussion on cases received in the clinics arid
case presentations, Group discussion on cases received in the clinics arid
case presentations, Independent handling of surgical cases, Independent
handling of surgical cases, Independent handling of surgical cases,
Independent handling of surgical cases, Independent handling of surgical
cases
BOOK RECOMMENDED:
1. Speirs, V.C., 1997. Clinical Examination of Horse.. W.B. Saunders
Co., Philadelphia, USA.
2. White II, N.A and IN. Moore, 1997, Current Technique in Equine
Surgery and Lameness, 2nd. ed. W.B. Saunders. London Stashak,
T.S , 1992.
3. Adams Lameness in Horses. 4th ed. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia,
USA.
4. Colbhan, P.T. AM. Merrite, J.N. Moore and I.G. May hew, 1999.
Equine Medicine and Surgery, 5th ed. (Vol.l& 2) Mosby, Philadelphia,
USA
5. Pllitt. C.C 1995, Colour Atlas of the Horse's Foot. Mosby-Wolfe,
Philadelphia, USA
95
POULTRY FARMS OPERATIONS 4(0-4)
PRACTICAL
Preparations on poultry farm before arrival of chicks. Receiving chicks.
Care during brooding, rearing and laying period. Space, temperature,
feed, water, ventilation and light requirements. Broiler flock management.
All in and all out system. Management of multiage flocks. Feed withdrawal
before slaughtering. Managing breeder flocks; feed and water restriction
strategies. Male management. Parent flock management. Demonstration
of incubator. Receiving eggs and their storage. Grading, setting and pre-
warming hatching eggs. Principles of hatchery environment and
operations. Sanitation and hygienic measures in hatchery. Use of
Thermometers. Fumigation of hatching eggs. Candling. Taking off hatch.
Grading and sexing of chicks. Dubbing and detoeing. Vaccination at
hatchery. Chick boxes. Handling and delivery of chicks to the poultry
farms. Cleaning, and disinfection of incubators. Tray washers. Waste
disposal. Recorded keeping; eggs flow, hatch reports, and delivery.
Handling and disposal of farm and hatchery wastes. Cull birds separation.
Bio-security implementation at hatchery, broiler farm, layer farm, breeder
farms and parent farms.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Austic, R.E. and M.C. Nesheim. 1990. Poultry Production. Lea and
Febiger, Philadelphia, U.S.A.
Publishers. Inc., Danville, Illinois, U.S.A.
4. Sreenivasaih, P.V. 2006. Scientific Poultry Production. 3rd Revised
Edition, International Book Distributing Company, Lucknow, India.
5. Moreng, R.E. and J.S. Avens. 1985. Poultry Science and Production.
Reston Publishing Co. Inc., Reston, Virginia, U.S.A.
FEED MILL OPERATION 4(0-4)
PRACTICAL
Present status of feed industry in Pakistan, Problems of feed industry in
Pakistan, Preparation of feasibility report to establish a feed mill for poultry
feed, Preparation of feasibility report to establish a feed mill for poultry
96
feed, Preparation of feasibility report to establish a feed mill for ruminants,
Preparation of feasibility report to establish a feed mill for ruminants.
Construction and designing of feed mill for poultry feed. Construction and
designing of feed mill for ruminants. Operational mechanism of feed mill,
Procurement of raw materials for fed mill. Sampling techniques at feed
mill. Feed marketing techniques. Introduction to different forms of feed
mills Demonstration of different types of grinders. Demonstration of
different types of grinders, Demonstration of different types of mixers.
Demonstration of different types of mixers. Types of conveyers and
elevators. Types of conveyers and elevators. Type of Silo for feed
ingredient storages. Pallet machine use in feed mills. Pallet machine use
in feed mills. Different types of extruders for different animal feed
manufacturing. Demonstration of Extrusion process. Demonstration of
Extrusion process. Demonstration of software to handle feed mill
operations. Manufacturing of wholesome feed Packing process of feed.
Storage of prepared feed. Visit of feed mills (Poultry), Visit of feed mills
(ruminants).
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. McEllihiney, R.R.1994. Feed Manufacturing Technology IV. American
Feed Industry Association, Inc. Arlington, USA.
2. Ensminger, M.E., J.E. Oldfield and W.W. Heinemann. 1990. Feeds
and Nutrition Digest (2nd Ed). The Ensminger Publishing Co., Clovis,
California. USA.
3. Bebb D.L. 1990. Mechanized Livestock Feeding. BSP Professional
books, Oxford. U.K.
4. Orskov, E.R. 1988. Feed Science, World Science Series-B,
Disciplinary Approach, Elsevier.
5. P.J. Moughan, M.W.A. Vestegen and M.I. Visser-Reyneveid. 2002.
Feed Evaluation Principles and Practice. Empress Publishing. The
Netherlands.
97
Annex-I
COMPULSORY COURSES
ENGLISH I
(Functional English)
OBJECTIVES: Enhance language skills and develop critical thinking.
COURSE CONTENTS
Basics of Grammar
Parts of speech and use of articles
Sentence structure, active and passive voice
Practice in unified sentence
Analysis of phrase, clause and sentence structure
Transitive and intransitive verbs
Punctuation and spelling
Comprehension
Answers to questions on a given text
Discussion
General topics and every-day conversation (topics for discussion to
be at the discretion of the teacher keeping in view the level of
students)
Listening
To be improved by showing documentaries/films carefully selected
by subject teachers
Translation skills
Urdu to English
Paragraph writing
Topics to be chosen at the discretion of the teacher
Presentation skills
Introduction
Note: Extensive reading is required for vocabulary building
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Functional English
a) Grammar
98
1. Practical English Grammar by A.J. Thomson and A.V.
Martinet. Exercises 1. Third edition. Oxford University Press.
1997. ISBN 0194313492
Martinet. Exercises 2. Third edition. Oxford University Press.
1997. ISBN 0194313506
b) Writing
1. Writing. Intermediate by Marie-Christine Boutin, Suzanne
Brinand and Francoise Grellet. Oxford Supplementary Skills.
Fourth Impression 1993. ISBN 0 19 435405 7 Pages 20-27
and 35-41.
c) Reading/Comprehension
1. Reading. Upper Intermediate. Brain Tomlinson and Rod Ellis.
Oxford Supplementary Skills. Third Impression 1992. ISBN 0
19 453402 2.
d) Speaking
ENGLISH II
(Communication Skills)
OBJECTIVES: Enable the students to meet their real life communication

needs.
COURSE CONTENTS
Paragraph writing
Practice in writing a good, unified and coherent paragraph
Essay writing
Introduction
CV and job application

Translation skills
Urdu to English
Study skills
Skimming and scanning, intensive and extensive, and speed
reading, summary and prcis writing and comprehension
Academic skills
Letter/memo writing, minutes of meetings, use of library and internet
99
Presentation skills
Personality development (emphasis on content, style and
pronunciation)
Note: documentaries to be shown for discussion and review
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
Communication Skills
a) Grammar
Martinet. Exercises 2. Third edition. Oxford University Press
1986. ISBN 0 19 431350 6.
b) Writing
1. Writing. Intermediate by Marie-Chrisitine Boutin, Suzanne
Brinand and Francoise Grellet. Oxford Supplementary Skills.
Fourth Impression 1993. ISBN 019 435405 7 Pages 45-53
(note taking).
2. Writing. Upper-Intermediate by Rob Nolasco. Oxford
Supplementary Skills. Fourth Impression 1992. ISBN 0 19
435406 5 (particularly good for writing memos, introduction to
presentations, descriptive and argumentative writing).
c) Reading
1. Reading. Advanced. Brian Tomlinson and Rod Ellis. Oxford
Supplementary Skills. Third Impression 1991. ISBN 0 19
453403 0.
2. Reading and Study Skills by John Langan
3. Study Skills by Riachard Yorky.
English III
(Technical Writing and Presentation Skills)
OBJECTIVES: Enhance language skills and develop critical thinking
COURSE CONTENTS
Presentation skills
Essay writing
Descriptive, narrative, discursive, argumentative
Academic writing
How to write a proposal for research paper/term paper
100
How to write a research paper/term paper (emphasis on style,
content, language, form, clarity, consistency)
Technical Report writing
Progress report writing
Note: Extensive reading is required for vocabulary building
RECOMMENDED BOOKS:
Technical Writing and Presentation Skills
a) Essay Writing and Academic Writing
1. Writing. Advanced by Ron White. Oxford
Supplementary Skills. Third Impression 1992. ISBN 0
19 435407 3 (particularly suitable for discursive,
descriptive, argumentative and report writing).
2. College Writing Skills by John Langan. Mc=Graw-Hill
Higher Education. 2004.
3. Patterns of College Writing (4th edition) by Laurie G.
Kirszner and Stephen R. Mandell. St. Martins Press.
b) Presentation Skills
c) Reading
The Mercury Reader. A Custom Publication. Compiled by
norther Illinois University. General Editiors: Janice Neulib;
Kathleen Shine Cain; Stephen Ruffus and Maurice Scharton.
(A reader which will give students exposure to the best of
twentieth century literature, without taxing the taste of
engineering students).
101
PAKISTAN STUDIES
(Compulsory)
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES
Develop vision of historical perspective, government, politics,

contemporary Pakistan, ideological background of Pakistan.
Study the process of governance, national development, issues
arising in the modern age and posing challenges to Pakistan.
COURSE OUTLINE
1. Historical Perspective
a. Ideological rationale with special reference to Sir Syed Ahmed
Khan, Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali
Jinnah.
b. Factors leading to Muslim separatism
c. People and Land
i. Indus Civilization
ii. Muslim advent
iii. Location and geo-physical features.
2. Government and Politics in Pakistan
Political and constitutional phases:
a. 1947-58
b. 1958-71
c. 1971-77
d. 1977-88
e. 1988-99
f. 1999 onward
3. Contemporary Pakistan
a. Economic institutions and issues
b. Society and social structure
c. Ethnicity
d. Foreign policy of Pakistan and challenges
e. Futuristic outlook of Pakistan
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Burki, Shahid Javed. State & Society in Pakistan, The Macmillan
Press Ltd 1980.
2. Akbar, S. Zaidi. Issue in Pakistans Economy. Karachi: Oxford
University Press, 2000.
3. S.M. Burke and Lawrence Ziring. Pakistans Foreign policy: An
Historical analysis. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1993.
4. Mehmood, Safdar. Pakistan Political Roots & Development. Lahore,
1994.
102
5. Wilcox, Wayne.The Emergence of Banglades., Washington:
American Enterprise, Institute of Public Policy Research, 1972.
6. Mehmood, Safdar. Pakistan Kayyun Toota, Lahore: Idara-e-Saqafat-
e-Islamia, Club Road, nd.
7. Amin, Tahir. Ethno - National Movement in Pakistan, Islamabad:
Institute of Policy Studies, Islamabad.
8. Ziring, Lawrence. Enigma of Political Development. Kent England:
WmDawson & sons Ltd, 1980.
9. Zahid, Ansar. History & Culture of Sindh. Karachi: Royal Book
Company, 1980.
10. Afzal, M. Rafique. Political Parties in Pakistan, Vol. I, II & III.
Islamabad: National Institute of Historical and cultural Research,
1998.
11. Sayeed, Khalid Bin. The Political System of Pakistan. Boston:
Houghton Mifflin, 1967.
12. Aziz, K.K. Party, Politics in Pakistan, Islamabad: National
Commission on Historical and Cultural Research, 1976.
13. Muhammad Waseem, Pakistan Under Martial Law, Lahore:
Vanguard, 1987.
14. Haq, Noor ul. Making of Pakistan: The Military Perspective.
Islamabad: National Commission on Historical and Cultural Research,
1993.
103
ISLAMIC STUDIES
(Compulsory)
OBJECTIVES:
This course is aimed at:
1 To provide Basic information about Islamic Studies
2 To enhance understanding of the students regarding Islamic
Civilization
3 To improve Students skill to perform prayers and other worships
4 To enhance the skill of the students for understanding of issues related
to faith and religious life.
DETAIL OF COURSES
Introduction to Quranic Studies
1) Basic Concepts of Quran
2) History of Quran
3) Uloom-ul -Quran
Study of Selected Text of Holly Quran

1) Verses of Surah Al-Baqra Related to Faith(Verse No-284-286)
2) Verses of Surah Al-Hujrat Related to Adab Al-Nabi
(Verse No-1-18)
3) Verses of Surah Al-Mumanoon Related to Characteristics of faithful
(Verse No-1-11)
4) Verses of Surah al-Furqan Related to Social Ethics (Verse No.63-
77)
5) Verses of Surah Al-Inam Related to Ihkam(Verse No-152-154)
Study of Sellected Text of Holly Quran

1) Verses of Surah Al-Ihzab Related to Adab al-Nabi (Verse
No.6,21,40,56,57,58.)
2) Verses of Surah Al-Hashar (18,19,20) Related to thinking, Day of
Judgment
3) Verses of Surah Al-Saf Related to Tafakar,Tadabar (Verse No-
1,14)
Seerat of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) I

1) Life of Muhammad Bin Abdullah ( Before Prophet Hood)
2) Life of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) in Makkah
3) Important Lessons Derived from the life of Holy Prophet in Makkah
Seerat of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) II

1) Life of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) in Madina
2) Important Events of Life Holy Prophet in Madina
3) Important Lessons Derived from the life of Holy Prophet in Madina
104
Introduction To Sunnah
1) Basic Concepts of Hadith
2) History of Hadith
3) Kinds of Hadith
4) Uloom ul-Hadith
5) Sunnah & Hadith
6) Legal Position of Sunnah
Selected Study from Text of Hadith
Introduction To Islamic Law & Jurisprudence

1) Basic Concepts of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence
2) History & Importance of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence
3) Sources of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence
4) Nature of Differences in Islamic Law
5) Islam and Sectarianism
Islamic Culture & Civilization

1) Basic Concepts of Islamic Culture & Civilization
2) Historical Development of Islamic Culture & Civilization
3) Characteristics of Islamic Culture & Civilization
4) Islamic Culture & Civilization and Contemporary Issues
Islam & Science

1) Basic Concepts of Islam & Science
2) Contributions of Muslims in the Development of Science
3) Quranic & Science
Islamic Economic System

1) Basic Concepts of Islamic Economic System
2) Means of Distribution of wealth in Islamic Economics
3) Islamic Concept of Riba
4) Islamic Ways of Trade & Commerce
Political System of Islam

1) Basic Concepts of Islamic Political System
2) Islamic Concept of Sovereignty
3) Basic Institutions of Govt. in Islam
Islamic History
1) Period of Khlaft-E-Rashida
2) Period of Ummayyads
3) Period of Abbasids
Social System of Islam

1) Basic Concepts Of Social System Of Islam
2) Elements Of Family
105
3) Ethical Values Of Islam
BOOKS REFERENCE:
1) Hameed ullah Muhammad, Emergence of Islam , IRI,
Islamabad
2) Hameed ullah Muhammad, Muslim Conduct of State
3) Hameed ullah Muhammad, Introduction to Islam
4) Mulana Muhammad Yousaf Islahi,
5) Hussain Hamid Hassan, An Introduction to the Study of Islamic Law
leaf Publication Islamabad, Pakistan.
6) Ahmad Hasan, Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence Islamic Research
Institute, International Islamic University, Islamabad (1993)
7) Mir Waliullah, Muslim Jrisprudence and the Quranic Law of Crimes
Islamic Book Service (1982)
8) H.S. Bhatia, Studies in Islamic Law, Religion and Society Deep &
Deep
Publications New Delhi (1989)
9) Dr. Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, Introduction to Al Sharia Al Islamia
Allama
Iqbal Open University, Islamabad (2001)
ETHICS (For Non-Muslims) 1(1-0)
THEORY
Definition, scope and nature of Ethics. Development of Ethical Theory.
Development of Ethical Theory. Ethical Teachings of World Religions.
Promotion of Moral Values Through Family And Institutions. Islamic
Attitude Towards Minorities. General Review of Moral Standard as Duty
and Happiness with reference to Kant and Mill. General Review of
Business Ethics. Profits and Ethics, Is Business Bluffing Ethics? Ethics of
Stakeholders. General Review of Biomedical Ethic. Ethical Implications of
Euthanasia (Ethics of Care). Ethical Implications of Abortion. General
Review of Ethics and Ecology. The Right to Liveable Environment and
Animals.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. William, L.A., 1982. Introduction to Ethics, Mathuen & Co. Ltd.,

London, UK.
2. Rauf, A, 1988. Islamic Culture in Pakistan. Ferozesons (Pvt). Ltd.,
Lahore, Pakistan.
3. Garewal, S. M., 1985. Pakistan Way of Life and Culture. United Ltd.,
Lahore, Pakistan
4. Joseph, G., 1984 What the Great Religions Believe, The New
American Library, New York, USA.
106
Note: One course will be selected from the following six courses of
Mathematics.
COMPULSORY MATHEMATICS
(FOR STUDENTS NOT MAJORING IN
MATHEMATICS)
1. MATHEMATICS I (ALGEBRA) 3+0
Prerequisite(s): Mathematics at secondary level
Specific Objectives of the Course:

To prepare the students, not majoring in mathematics, with the essential
tools of algebra to apply the concepts and the techniques in their
respective disciplines.
Course Outline:
Preliminaries: Real-number system, complex numbers, introduction to
sets, set operations, functions, types of functions.
Matrices: Introduction to matrices, types, matrix inverse, determinants,
system of linear equations, Cramers rule.
Quadratic Equations: Solution of quadratic equations, qualitative analysis

of roots of a quadratic equations, equations reducible to quadratic
equations, cube roots of unity, relation between roots and coefficients of
quadratic equations.
Sequences and Series: Arithmetic progression, geometric progression,

harmonic progression.
Binomial Theorem: Introduction to mathematical induction, binomial
theorem with rational and irrational indices.
Trigonometry: Fundamentals of trigonometry, trigonometric identities.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Dolciani MP, Wooton W, Beckenback EF, Sharron S, Algebra 2 and
Trigonometry, 1978, Houghton & Mifflin,
2. Boston (suggested text)
3. Kaufmann JE, College Algebra and Trigonometry, 1987, PWS-Kent
Company, Boston
4. Swokowski EW, Fundamentals of Algebra and Trigonometry (6th
edition), 1986, PWS-Kent Company, Boston
107
2. MATHEMATICS II (CALCULUS) 3 + 0
Prerequisite(s): Mathematics I (Algebra)

tools of calculus to apply the concepts and the techniques in their
Course Outline:
Preliminaries: Real-number line, functions and their graphs, solution of
equations involving absolute values, inequalities.
Limits and Continuity: Limit of a function, left-hand and right-hand limits,
continuity, continuous functions.
Derivatives and their Applications: Differentiable functions, differentiation

of polynomial, rational and transcendental functions, derivatives.
Integration and Definite Integrals: Techniques of evaluating indefinite
integrals, integration by substitution, integration by parts, change of
variables in indefinite integrals.
Books Recommended:
1. Anton H, Bevens I, Davis S, Calculus: A New Horizon (8th edition),
2005, John Wiley, New York
2. Stewart J, Calculus (3rd edition), 1995, Brooks/Cole (suggested text)
3. Swokowski EW, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, 1983, PWS-Kent
Company, Boston
4. Thomas GB, Finney AR, Calculus (11th edition), 2005, Addison-
Wesley, Reading, Ma, USA
3. MATHEMATICS III (GEOMETRY)
Prerequisite(s): Mathematics II (Calculus)

Credit Hours: 3+0

tools of geometry to apply the concepts and the techniques in their
Course Outline:
Geometry in Two Dimensions: Cartesian-cordinate mesh, slope of a line,
equation of a line, parallel and perpendicular lines, various forms of
equation of a line, intersection of two lines, angle between two lines,
distance between two points, distance between a point and a line.
108
Circle: Equation of a circle, circles determined by various conditions,
intersection of lines and circles, locus of a point in various conditions.
Conic Sections: Parabola, ellipse, hyperbola, the general-second-degree
equation
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Abraham S, Analytic Geometry, Scott, Freshman and Company, 1969
2. Kaufmann JE, College Algebra and Trigonometry, 1987, PWS-Kent
Company, Boston
3. Swokowski EW, Fundamentals of Algebra and Trigonometry (6th
edition), 1986, PWS-Kent Company, Boston
109
BIO-STATISTICS 3(2-1)
THEORY
Introduction of statistics. Types of data (scales of measurements).
Frequency distribution for continuous and discrete data. Visual
representation of data, stem and leaf display, box and whisker plots.
Measures of Location and Variability, Moments, Skewness, Coefficient of
Skewness and Kurtosis. Definitions and laws of probability. Simple
Correlation and Regression Analysis. Elementary ideas of sampling,
distribution of means and proportions. Test of significance of means,
proportion, difference between means and difference between proportions
with their confidence Intervals. Experimental Design (Completely
Randomized Design, Randomized Complete Block Design)
PRACTICAL
The statistical packages Minitab and SPSS will be used for Measure of
Location, Measure of Dispersion, Graphical Presentation, Regression and
Correlation Analysis, Test of significance of Means, Proportion, Difference
Between Two Means, Proportions, CR Design and RCB Design.
Reference Books
Zar, J.H.(2003) Biostatistical Analysis, Fourth Edition, Pearson Education
(Singapore) Prentice Hall International (UK) Limited. London, UK.
Muhammad F., 2000 Statistical Methods and Data Analysis, Kitab Markaz,
Bhawana Bazar Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Choudhry, M. R.(2001). Modern Statistics (Vol-I & II ). Polymer
Publications, Urdu Bazaar, Lahore.
Steel, R. G. D, J. H. Torrie and Dickey, D.A (1997) Principles and
Procedures of Statistics
A Biometrical Approach Third Edition. WCB Mc. Graw Hill, New York,
USA.
110

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CURRICULUM

Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM)

5-Year Composite Degree Program

HIG HER ISSION

HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISSION

Dr. Syed Sohail H. Naqvi Executive Director

Prof. Dr. Altaf Ali G. Shaikh Member (Acad)

Miss Ghayyur Fatima Director (Curri)

Dr. M. Tahir Ali Shah Deputy Director (Curri)

Composed by: Pakeeza Yousuf, HEC, Islamabad

2. Template for 5-year Composite 15

3. Scheme of Studies for 5-year in DVM 18

4. Detail of Courses for 5-year Composite 21

5. Details of Compulsory Courses 98

In exercise of the powers conferred under Section 3 Sub-Section 2 (ii) of

In compliance with the above provisions, the HEC undertakes revamping

To bring international compatibility to qualifications held from Pakistani

PROF. DR. ALTAF ALI G. SHAIKH

CURRI. UNDER CURRI. IN DRAFT FINAL STAGE FOLLOW UP

CONS. OF NCRC. FINAL COMMENTS

NCRC. National Curriculum Revision Committee

R&D Research & Development Organization 5

HEC Higher Education Commission

In pursuance of the decision taken in the meeting between the representatives

PAKISTAN VETERINARY AND MEDICAL COUNCIL (PVMC)

MEMBERS NATIONAL CURRICULUM REVISION COMMITTEE IN

3. Prof. Dr. Sikandar Hayat, Convener

The meeting was chaired jointly by Member (Academics), President PVMC

1. That the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Degree shall comprise 5

One contact hour for theory equals to 1 credit hour

All the Members except Dr. Habib-ur-Rehman, Professor of Physiology and

2. Dr. Muhammad Younas,

3. Prof. Ghulam Habib,

4. Prof. Dr. Khushi Muhammad,

5. Prof. Dr. Azhar Maqbool,

6. Dr. Shahan Azeem,

8. Dr. Sharif Phullan

9. Dr. Mian Abdul Sattar,

10. Dr. Anjum Khalique,

11. Dr. Ahrar Khan,

13. Dr. Muhammad Arshad, Member

14. Dr. R. H. Usmani, Member

15. Dr. Habib ur Rehman, Member

16. Dr. Muhammad Younas, Member

17. Prof. Ghulam Habib, Member

18. Prof. Dr. Khushi Muhammad, Member

20. Dr. Shahan Azeem, Member

21. Prof. Dr. M. Athar Khan, Member

22. Dr. Ahmad Ali, Member

23. Dr. Sharif Phullan Member

24. Dr. Mian Abdul Sattar, Member

25. Dr. Amir Bukhsh Kalhoro, Member

26. Dr. Anjum Khalique, Member

In 2008, the Higher Education Commission initiated an exercise to review and

To implement the scheme of study and contents of courses of 5-years DVM

HEC organized another PVMC HEC joint curriculum committee on 7-8

It comprises 7.92 % of the program.

2. General / Supporting Courses:

It comprises 6.93 % of the program.