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Technological Institute of The Philippines - Manila: Ocampo, Mark Jared Van T

This document discusses stability analysis of dynamic systems. It defines three types of stability: asymptotically stable, marginally stable, and unstable. Asymptotically stable systems have poles strictly in the left half plane, leading to decaying behavior over time. Marginally stable systems have poles on the imaginary axis with no right half plane poles. Unstable systems have at least one pole in the right half plane, leading to increasing behavior over time. The location of a system's poles determines its stability properties.

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37 views3 pages

Technological Institute of The Philippines - Manila: Ocampo, Mark Jared Van T

This document discusses stability analysis of dynamic systems. It defines three types of stability: asymptotically stable, marginally stable, and unstable. Asymptotically stable systems have poles strictly in the left half plane, leading to decaying behavior over time. Marginally stable systems have poles on the imaginary axis with no right half plane poles. Unstable systems have at least one pole in the right half plane, leading to increasing behavior over time. The location of a system's poles determines its stability properties.

Uploaded by

Vanjared Ocampo
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES MANILA

Process Control Matlab Exercise No. 4


Stability Analysis of Dynamic Systems

1. Objective:
The activity aims to analyze the stability of a dynamic system.

2. Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs):


The students shall be able to:
2.1 analyze the stability of a dynamic system.

3. Discussion:
When a system is unstable, the output of the system may be infinite even though the input to
the system was finite. This causes a number of practical problems. For instance, a robot arm controller
that is unstable may cause the robot to move dangerously. Also, systems that are unstable often incur
a certain amount of physical damage, which can become costly. Nonetheless, many systems are
inherently unstable - a fighter jet, for instance, or a rocket at liftoff, are examples of naturally unstable
systems. Although we can design controllers that stabilize the system, it is first important to understand
what stability is, how it is determined, and why it matters.
The system is assumed to be linear, and can be represented either by a set of transfer
functions. Linear systems have an associated characteristic polynomial, and this polynomial tells us a
great deal about the stability of the system. Negativeness of any coefficient of a characteristic
polynomial indicates that the system is either unstable or at most marginally stable. If any coefficient is
zero/negative then we can say that the system is unstable. It is important to note, though, that even if
all of the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial are positive the system may still be unstable.
When the poles of the closed-loop transfer function of a given system are located in the right-
half of the S-plane (RHP), the system becomes unstable. When the poles of the system are located in
the left-half plane (LHP) and the system is not improper, the system is shown to be stable. A number of
tests deal with this particular facet of stability: The Routh-Hurwitz Criteria, the Root-Locus, and the
Nyquist Stability Criteria all test whether there are poles of the transfer function in the RHP.
A dynamic system has one of the following stability properties:
Asymptotically stable system. The behavior after an impulse is shown below:

Marginally stable system. The behavior after an impulse is shown below:

Ocampo, Mark Jared Van T.


TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES MANILA

Unstable system. The behavior after an impulse is shown below.

The poles is important when analysis the stability of a system. The figure below gives an overview of
the poles impact on the stability of a system:

Thus, we have the following:

Asymptotically stable system:

Each of the poles of the transfer function lies strictly in the left half
plane (has strictly negative real part).

Ocampo, Mark Jared Van T.


TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES MANILA

Marginally stable system:

One or more poles lies on the imaginary axis (have real part equal
zero), and all these poles are distinct. Besides, no poles lie in the right
half plane.

Unstable system:
At least one pole lies in the righthalf plane (has real part greater than
zero).

Or: There are multiple and coincident poles on the imaginary axis.

4. Resources:
Matlab

5. Procedure:

Ocampo, Mark Jared Van T.

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