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05.12. Electrostatic Sensitive Devices. Option B. no tooling is required.

Option C. use bonding strap.
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Correct Answer is. dont touch terminals.

Question Number. 1. ESDS bags are Explanation. NIL.
sealed by.
Option A. ESDS labels.
Option B. zip locks. Question Number. 5. With a relative
Option C. twine (100% cotton). humidity of 10% to 20%, if you walked over a
Correct Answer is. twine (100% cotton). carpet what electrostatic voltage value would you
Explanation. Boeing manual says 100% cotton expect to see?.
twine. Other manuals say ESDS label. However, it Option A. 35,000 volts.
could be considered that ESDS labels do not 'seal'. Option B. 6,000 volts.
Option C. 12,000 volts.
Correct Answer is. 35,000 volts.
Question Number. 2. What precautions Explanation. NIL.
are required when removing ESDS equipment?.

Option A. Wear a wrist strap connected to an Question Number. 6. Before fitting a

approved ground point. Printed Circuit Board you should check the.
Option B. No special precautions are
required. Option A. resistance between skin and strap
Option C. Keep one hand on the airframe. end plug is less than 10 megohms.
Correct Answer is. Wear a wrist strap Option B. resistance between skin and strap
connected to an approved ground point. end plug is more than 1 megohms.
Explanation. NIL. Option C. resistance between strap and
strap end plug is less than 1 megohms.
Correct Answer is. resistance between strap
Question Number. 3. A flight deck CRT and strap end plug is less than 1 megohms.
LRU is being replaced. What does the ESDS label Explanation. CAAIP Leaflet 9-4 5.3.1.
indicate?.
Option A. Wrist straps should be worn.
Option B. Do not touch plug pins or leave Question Number. 7. The resistance of
them exposed. the wrist strap used as part of anti static
Option C. Remove power before connecting. precautions should be.
Option A. 0 - 200 ohm.
Correct Answer is. Do not touch plug pins or Option B. 20 megohm - 200 megohm.
leave them exposed. Option C. 250 kilohm - 1.5 megohm.
Explanation. See Pallet's Micro Electronics In Correct Answer is. 250 kilohm - 1.5 megohm.
Aircraft Systems or CAAIPs 9-4 para.7.1.3.
Explanation. CAAIPs Leaflet 9-4 5.3.1.

Question Number. 4. During an EFIS

screen fit.
Page

Option A. dont touch terminals.

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Question Number. 8. When handling

PCB's labelled ESDS, what precaution are taken?.
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Question Number. 11. A wrist band must

Option A. Do not touch its pins as copper be worn when working with ESDS devices.
contamination can occur.
Option B. Isolate electrical power before Option A. to dissipate and prevent static
installing on Aircraft. build-up on the operator.
Option C. First earth with aircraft then to it. Option B. to prevent the operator from
getting an electric shock.
Correct Answer is. Isolate electrical power Option C. to dissipate static charge on the
before installing on Aircraft. device.
Explanation. Microelectronics in Aircraft Correct Answer is. to dissipate and prevent
Systems. Pallett. Page 219. static build-up on the operator.
Explanation. NIL.

Question Number. 9. After attaching a

wrist strap to your wrist (which is connected to Question Number. 12. A humid
aircraft ground), prior to removal of ESDS atmosphere.
equipment, the resistance measured. Option A. reduces static charge.
Option A. between your skin and the pin Option B. eliminates static charge.
ground must be >1 megohms. Option C. has no effect on the level of
Option B. between the strap and the pin charge.
ground must be <1 megohms. Correct Answer is. reduces static charge.
Option C. between the strap and the pin Explanation. NIL.
ground must be >1 Megohms.
Correct Answer is. between the strap and the
pin ground must be >1 Megohms. Question Number. 13. Electrostatic
Explanation. Answer found in Boeing SWPM. discharge occurs when.
20-41-01 3(2) (e) Hold the red lead of the (test) Option A. the ground lead on a wrist strap
meter between the forefinger and the thumb. The touches the skin.
acceptable range is less than 10,000,000 ohms. Option B. materials are rubbed together or
Lower limit of range however seems to vary. This pulled apart.
reference says >0.9 M, but if anyone has a more Option C. materials of different potential are
definitive reference, please send it in. brought in close proximity to each other.
Correct Answer is. materials of different
potential are brought in close proximity to each
Question Number. 10. Which of the other.
following ESDS devices can withstand higher static Explanation. NIL.
electricity voltage?.
Option A. MOSFET.
Option B. SCR. Question Number. 14. Before removing
Option C. ECL. an assembly from an aircraft, with regards to HIRF,
Correct Answer is. SCR. you must first ensure that there is minimum
Page

Explanation. NIL. current flow between.

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Option A. the assembly and the aircraft.

Option B. you and the assembly.
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Option C. you and the aircraft. Question Number. 3. An aircraft system

Correct Answer is. you and the assembly. allocated a Criticality Category of Hazardous has a
Explanation. NIL. Software Level of.
Option A. A.
Option B. B.
Question Number. 15. When removing a Option C. C.
PC card from an ESDS assembly ensure a low Correct Answer is. B.
current path between. Explanation. DO-178/ED-12 or the old AWN 45
Option A. aircraft and ground. (no removed/replaced). Download a copy from the
Option B. you and the assembly. Tutorial Support forums.
Option C. you and the aircraft.
Correct Answer is. you and the aircraft.
Explanation. NIL. Question Number. 4. An aircraft system
that, should it fail due to a software error, would
05.13. Software Management Control. cause a slight increase in crew workload, has a
software level of.
Option A. D.
Question Number. 1. An aircraft system Option B. B.
that, should it fail due to a software error, would Option C. C.
cause a significant reduction in safety margins may Correct Answer is. D.
also cause. Explanation. DO-178/ED-12 or the old AWN 45
Option A. no injuries to occupants. (no removed/replaced). Download a copy from the
Option B. injuries to some occupants. Tutorial Support forums.
Option C. the loss of the aircraft.
Correct Answer is. injuries to some
occupants. Question Number. 5. An aircraft system
Explanation. DO-178/ED-12 or the old AWN 45 with a software level of D, should it fail due to a
(no removed/replaced). software error, may cause the aircraft safety
margin to be.
Option A. slightly decreased.
Question Number. 2. An aircraft system Option B. slightly increased.
allocated a software level of C that, should it fail Option C. significantly decreased.
due to a software error, may cause. Correct Answer is. slightly decreased.
Option A. injuries to some occupants. Explanation. DO-178/ED-12 or the old AWN 45
Option B. injuries to a large proportion of (no removed/replaced). Download a copy from the
occupants. Tutorial Support forums.
Option C. no injuries to occupants.
Correct Answer is. injuries to some
occupants. Question Number. 6. If due to a
Explanation. DO-178/ED-12 or the old AWN 45 software error in an aircraft system that would
(no removed/replaced). Download a copy from the cause injuries to some of the occupants, the
Page

Tutorial Support forums.

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system has a software criticality category of.

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Option A. major effect. Question Number. 10. Who is responsible

Option B. hazardous effect. for producing the operational program of the
Option C. minor effect. FMS?.
Correct Answer is. major effect. Option A. The manufacturer.
Explanation. DO-178/ED-12 or the old AWN 45 Option B. The pilot.
(no removed/replaced). Download a copy from the Option C. The engineer.
Tutorial Support forums. Correct Answer is. The manufacturer.
Explanation. NIL.

Question Number. 7. An aircraft system

that, should it fail due to a software error, would Question Number. 11. Software
cause no injuries to occupants, has a criticality documentation procedures are laid down in.
category of.
Option A. major effect. Option A. MOE.
Option B. minor effect. Option B. JAA Ops.
Option C. hazardous effect. Option C. AWN (45).
Correct Answer is. minor effect. Correct Answer is. AWN (45).
Explanation. DO-178/ED-12 or the old AWN 45 Explanation. AWN 45 has been deleted at issue
(no removed/replaced). Download a copy from the 133. Now see RTCA/EUROCAE document Do-
Tutorial Support forums. 178/ED-12.

Question Number. 8. Requirements for Question Number. 12. Control of

software control can be found in. software is carried out by.
Option A. JAR AWO. Option A. the aircraft manufacturers.
Option B. AWN 43. Option B. a licensed engineer.
Option C. JAR OPS. Option C. the National Aviation Authority.
Correct Answer is. AWN 43. Correct Answer is. the National Aviation
Explanation. Old AWN 43 (Field Loadable Authority.
Software) has been deleted at issue 133. Now see Explanation. Old AWN 45.
RTCA/EUROCAE document Do-178/ED-12.

Question Number. 13. What is the

Question Number. 9. Software can be definition of level one software?.
modified by. Option A. Non-essential.
Option A. the manufacturer. Option B. Essential.
Option B. using the same rules as apply as to Option C. Critical.
modifications to hardware. Correct Answer is. Critical.
Option C. licensed avionics engineers. Explanation. Now see RTCA/EUROCAE
Correct Answer is. using the same rules as document Do-178/ED-12.
apply as to modifications to hardware
Page

Explanation. NIL.

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Question Number. 14. Who can sign for a Explanation. AWN45a para 3.1.3 (BCAR section
software update?. A sub section A8). Now see RTCA/EUROCAE
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Option A. Design organization or the aircraft document Do-178/ED-12.

manufacturer.
Option B. Engineer.
Option C. Chief pilot. Question Number. 18. As far as a
Correct Answer is. Engineer. software product is concerned.
Explanation. Old AWN 43. Now see Option A. the 'Software Release' phase is the
RTCA/EUROCAE document Do-178/ED-12. same as the 'Finished Product' phase.
Option B. the 'Validation' phase is done to
the software rather than to the component.
Question Number. 15. What is the effect Option C. the 'Verification' phase includes
of a level 1 software failure?. performance testing a programmed EPROM.
Option A. Significant reduction in safety Correct Answer is. the 'Verification' phase
margins. includes performance testing a programmed
Option B. Large reduction in safety margins. EPROM.
Explanation. Now see RTCA/EUROCAE
Option C. Loss of aircraft and / or fatalities. document Do-178/ED-12.

Correct Answer is. Loss of aircraft and / or

fatalities. Question Number. 19. AWN 43 requires
Explanation. Now see RTCA/EUROCAE that.
document Do-178/ED-12. Option A. the aircraft operator be
responsible for software assessment.
Option B. the CAA be responsible for
Question Number. 16. Software changes software assessment.
come under the responsibility of. Option C. the aircraft constructors be
Option A. the engineer. responsible for software assessment.
Option B. the national aviation authority. Correct Answer is. the aircraft constructors
Option C. the aircraft constructor. be responsible for software assessment.
Correct Answer is. the aircraft constructor. Explanation. Now see RTCA/EUROCAE
Explanation. AWN 45. Now see RTCA/EUROCAE document Do-178/ED-12.
document Do-178/ED-12.

Question Number. 20. Level 1 software

Question Number. 17. Who can design failure.
new software?. Option A. is defined as essential and will
Option A. BCAR section A8 approved reduce safety margins.
company. Option B. is defined as essential and may
Option B. BCAR section A1 approved have a minor effect.
company. Option C. is defined as critical and can lead
Option C. The CAA. to loss of aircraft.
Correct Answer is. BCAR section A8 approved Correct Answer is. is defined as critical and
Page

company. can lead to loss of aircraft.

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Explanation. Now see RTCA/EUROCAE Option A. earthing each alternative

document Do-178/ED-12. conductor to separate point.
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Option B. connecting all conductors to a

common earth.
Question Number. 21. Requirements for Option C. shielding each individual
configuration management of software can be conductor.
found in. Correct Answer is. earthing each alternative
Option A. AWN 43. conductor to separate point.
Option B. JAR Ops (M). Explanation. NIL.
Option C. ATA Chapter 46, Information
Systems.
Correct Answer is. AWN 43. Question Number. 3. To shield a fibre
Explanation. Now see RTCA/EUROCAE optic from EMI you must.
document Do-178/ED-12. Option A. earth both transducer and
couplings.
Option B. shield it with a braided shield.
Question Number. 22. Where would you Option C. use an opto-isolator.
find the rules regarding upgrade of software?. Correct Answer is. use an opto-isolator.
Explanation. NIL.
Option A. JAR OPS.
Option B. The aircraft manufacturer.
Option C. AWN 43. Question Number. 4. Manufacturers of
Correct Answer is. AWN 43. aircraft can ensure HIRF protection by.
Explanation. Now see RTCA/EUROCAE Option A. advising operators of all points
document Do-178/ED-12. susceptible to deterioration due to corrosion,
moisture ingress, flexing etc.
05.14. Electromagnetic Environment. Option B. designing specific avionic areas
that are shielded against HIRF.
Option C. ensuring all single wires are
Question Number. 1. In order to shielded with metal conduit.
maintain HIRF protection, bonding checks between Correct Answer is. designing specific avionic
airframe and electrical components carrying areas that are shielded against HIRF.
voltages greater than 50 volts RMS or DC or main Explanation. Understanding HIRF By Gerald L.
earth return should not exceed. Fuller.
Option A. 0.05 ohm.
Option B. 1 ohm.
Option C. 1 megohm. Question Number. 5. Which of the
Correct Answer is. 1 ohm. following could be a primary cause of HIRF
Explanation. CAAIPs Leaflet 9-1 Table 1. protection failure?.
Option A. Broken or missing static wicks.
Option B. Corrosion on bonding leads.
Question Number. 2. Ribbon cables Option C. Unserviceable radio filters.
effected by mutual impedance and current loop Correct Answer is. Unserviceable radio filters.
Page

leakage should be protected by.

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Explanation. Understanding HIRF By Gerald L.

Fuller.
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Question Number. 9. An aircraft may

have been HIRF affected.
Question Number. 6. Manufacturers of Option A. A bonding load check is required.
aircraft can ensure HIRF protection.
Option A. by designing specific avionic areas Option B. A static wick check is required.
that are shielded against HIRF. Option C. Test all radio frequencies for
Option B. by ensuring all single wires are interference.
shielded with metal conduit. Correct Answer is. A static wick check is
Option C. by advising the operator of parts required.
of the aircraft susceptible to degradation due to Explanation. Understanding HIRF By Gerald L.
corrosion, moisture ingress, flexing etc. Fuller.
Correct Answer is. by designing specific
avionic areas that are shielded against HIRF.
Explanation. Understanding HIRF By Gerald L. Question Number. 10. Testing of HIRF on
Fuller. aircraft systems is done.
Option A. by periodically listening for
interference on all systems.
Question Number. 7. HIRF protection of Option B. at and during production and
LRUs is provided by. testing (initial certification).
Option A. internally shielded cables. Option C. only after a report of radio
Option B. built in filters and overvoltage interference.
circuits. Correct Answer is. at and during production
Option C. built in filters only. and testing (initial certification).
Correct Answer is. built in filters and Explanation. Understanding HIRF By Gerald L.
overvoltage circuits. Fuller.
Explanation. Understanding HIRF By Gerald L.
Fuller.
Question Number. 11. When carrying out
a bonding check on a surface protected by anodic
Question Number. 8. To stop earth film.
loops forming, you would. Option A. the film is conductive so no
Option A. earth both ends of the cable preparations are required.
screen. Option B. the anodic film should be removed
Option B. leave both ends of the cable locally to ensure a good contact.
screen open circuit. Option C. add a bonding factor to the result
Option C. earth only one end of the cable of the test to account for the resistance of the
screen. anodic film.
Correct Answer is. earth only one end of the Correct Answer is. the anodic film should be
cable screen. removed locally to ensure a good contact.
Explanation. NIL. Explanation. NIL.
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Question Number. 12. When clamping Option C. enclosing the system with same
cable looms containing co-axial cables. frequency and strength of which screening is done.
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Option A. avoid distortion to the co-axial

cable to maintain the dielectric constant. Correct Answer is. shielding, screening,
Option B. the clamps must be no more than earthing, bonding and interference filters.
1 metre apart. Explanation. NIL.
Option C. distortion of the outer sheath is
allowed providing the inner cable is not affected.
Question Number. 16. To reduce HIRF on
Correct Answer is. avoid distortion to the co- radio equipment.
axial cable to maintain the dielectric constant. Option A. ensure all static wicks are in place.
Explanation. NIL.
Option B. periodically check bonding leads
for condition.
Question Number. 13. When Option C. transmit on all radio frequencies
incorporating an aerial cable it must be. to determine which frequencies are causing the
Option A. in the centre of the other wires. interference.
Option B. outside the other wires for easy Correct Answer is. ensure all static wicks are
access. in place.
Option C. positioned separately from the Explanation. NIL.
loom.
Correct Answer is. positioned separately from
the loom. Question Number. 17. For braided cables,
Explanation. NIL. the amount of braiding.
Option A. must conform to the requirement
for the shielding to cover at least 50% of the
Question Number. 14. When carrying out surface of the cable.
airframe bonding checks as part of a program of Option B. keeps radiated power inside the
HIRF prevention the airframe bonding resistance emitting assembly or away from the susceptible
should be less than. circuit.
Option A. 100 milliohms. Option C. is a trade-off design feature.
Option B. 1 ohm. Correct Answer is. keeps radiated power
Option C. 50 milliohms. inside the emitting assembly or away from the
Correct Answer is. 50 milliohms. susceptible circuit.
Explanation. CAAIP Leaflet 9-1. Explanation. NIL.

Question Number. 15. Electromagnetic Question Number. 18. HIRF is acronym

compatibility is achieved by. for.
Option A. shielding, screening, earthing, Option A. Heavily Ionised Radio Frequencies.
bonding and interference filters.
Option B. coating in a conductive paint. Option B. High Intensity Radiated Field.
Option C. High Intensity Radio Frequencies.
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Correct Answer is. High Intensity Radiated

Field.
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Explanation. NIL.

Question Number. 19. HF aerials are

protected against lightning strike by.
Option A. current mode coupler.
Option B. bus terminal.
Option C. spark gap.
Correct Answer is. spark gap.
Explanation. NIL.
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