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Pipeline Defect Assessment

This 3-day training course covers pipeline defect assessment methods to help engineers and managers evaluate threats to pipeline integrity. It introduces common pipeline defects, analyzes their causes and consequences, and reviews techniques for assessing corrosion, dents, cracks, welds and other defects. The course also addresses integrity management and risk analysis to help prioritize defects and repairs. Interactive sessions include tutorials, workshops and case studies to provide a holistic understanding of evaluating and addressing pipeline defects.

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Giridhar Kumar Nanduri
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© © All Rights Reserved
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304 views

Pipeline Defect Assessment

This 3-day training course covers pipeline defect assessment methods to help engineers and managers evaluate threats to pipeline integrity. It introduces common pipeline defects, analyzes their causes and consequences, and reviews techniques for assessing corrosion, dents, cracks, welds and other defects. The course also addresses integrity management and risk analysis to help prioritize defects and repairs. Interactive sessions include tutorials, workshops and case studies to provide a holistic understanding of evaluating and addressing pipeline defects.

Uploaded by

Giridhar Kumar Nanduri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Training Course

Pipeline Defect Assessment


Course

Penspen Integrity
Hawthorn Suite
Units 7-8, Terrace Level
St. Peter's Wharf
Newcastle upon Tyne
NE6 1TZ
Tel 44 (0) 191 238 2200
Fax 44 (0) 191 275 9786
email [email protected]
website www.penspenintegrity.com
Pipeline Defect Assessment

Introduction

Increasingly, pipeline operators are being formally required to assess the condition of
their pipelines and demonstrate their safety, and ensure their staff are suitably
trained. For example, the USA DOT has published both propsed and final rules for its
pipeline regulations (49 CFR Part 192 and 195) relating to Pipeline Integrity
Management in High Consequence Areas:
" an operator must evaluate all defects and...develop a schedule that prioritizes the
defects for evaluation and repair."
Training. An operator must provide that any supervisor has appropriate
training or experience (and) must provide criteria for the qualification of persons
who review and analyze results from integrity assessments and evaluations. These
criteria include for persons who carry out and interpret the results from the direct
assessment process.

Many transmission pipelines are now over 20 years old. This is "middle aged" in
pipeline terms, and even the best designed and maintained pipeline will become
defective as it progresses through its design life. Therefore, operators need to be
aware of the effect these defects will have on their pipeline, and more importantly
be able to assess their significance in terms of the continuing integrity of the
pipeline. The increasing use of high-technology maintenance (for example, intelligent
pigs) is helping pipeline owners to assess the condition of their lines, and if these
modern maintenance methods are combined with modern defect-assessment
methods, they can provide a very powerful, and cost-effective, tool. This course will
present the latest defect-assessment methods to pipeline engineers and managers.
These methods will range from simple, quick, assessment methods, to the more-
detailed fitness for purpose analysis. The course is highly interactive and takes
the form of lectures, workshops, and case studies.

Course Objectives

The course will cover methods available to assess the significance of defects
detected in onshore and offshore pipelines. It will introduce simple analytical
methods used to assess internal and external corrosion, dents and gouges,
cracks (e.g. SCC), weld defects, and fatigue.

The course is unique as it is a holistic approach to defect assessment, and it


ensures the student appreciates all aspects of the subject, including repair
and risk management.

Who Should Attend

Pipeline engineers, designers and service professionals who are involved


with the maintenance, inspection, and repair of pipelines.

Course Director

Professor Phil Hopkins has more than 20 years experience in pipeline and marine
engineering, and is Technical Director at Penspen Ltd., UK. In the past 5 years he
has trained over 1000 engineers in pipeline integrity assessment.
Day One

WELCOME AND INTRODUCTION 15 minutes

INTRODUCTION TO ENERGY, PIPELINES AND BASIC DESIGN


PRINCIPLES

Energy: oil and gas


Line pipe: manufacture and properties
Pipelines:
o types and importance
o design codes, regulation, routeing
o stresses
o hydrotesting
o basic operation and maintenance
o security
o basic pipeline parameters 75 minutes

BREAK (10.00)

INTRODUCTION TO ENERGY, PIPELINES AND BASIC DESIGN


PRINCIPLES (CONT.)
15 minutes

INTRODUCTION TO PIPELINE DEFECTS WHY PIPELINES FAIL

How safe are pipelines?


How often do they fail?
What causes pipelines to fail?
Failure statistics
Failure examples 45 minutes

INTRODUCTION TO FRACTURE MECHANICS (NOTES ONLY/TIME


PERMITTING DURING COURSE)

Basic theory
Brittle & ductile fracture
K, J, and CTOD

HOW TO ASSESS FATIGUE (NOTES ONLY/TIME PERMITTING DURING


COURSE)

Why do pipelines fatigue?


Basic fatigue theory
Fatigue assessment design
Fatigue assessment service

BREAK (12.15)
ENGINEERS RESPONSIBILITIES
Professional, ethical 15 minutes

FUNDAMENTAL PIPELINE DEFECT FAILURE RELATIONSHIPS

How a pipeline fails


History of defect assessment
Effect of toughness
Fundamental failure relationships
o Through wall defect
o Part wall defect
Explanation of key parameters
TUTORIALS 90 minutes

BREAK (15.00)

HOW TO ASSESS CORROSION DEFECTS

Introduction to basic theory


Background, strengths and weaknesses
Methods to assess corrosion
ASME B31.G and RSTRENG methods
DNV, BG, etc., methods
Interacting defects
Universal curves for assessing corrosion defects.
TUTORIAL 90 minutes

DAY 1 CLOSE (17.00)


Day Two

HOW TO ASSESS GOUGES

Introduction to basic theory


Methods to assess gouges
Additional problems and concerns with gouges 30 minutes

HOW TO ASSESS DENTS

Introduction to basic theory


Methods to assess dents
Methods to assess dents containing gouges
Rock dents
Problems with fatigue loadings 60 minutes

BREAK (10.00)

HOW TO ASSESS DENTS (CONT) 30 minutes

HOW TO ASSESS CRACKS

Basic theory
The problems with cracks in pipelines
Stress corrosion cracking (low and high pH)
SCC protocols
Laminations, railroad cracks, hard spots 45 minutes

HOW TO ASSESS WELD DEFECTS

Welds in pipelines
Defects in welds
Defect acceptance levels
Assessing planar defects in pipeline girth welds
Assessing non planar defects in welds
The EPRG girth weld defect guidelines
Fatigue design of girth welds 30 minutes

BREAK (12.15)

HOW TO ASSESS WELD DEFECTS (CONT) 15 minutes


FRACTURE PROPAGATION AND ARREST

Why fractures propagate


Brittle and ductile propagation
Controlling propagating fractures
o Brittle
o Ductile
o Fracture arrest criteria
Crack arrestors
Code toughness requirements 45 minutes

TUTORIAL

Assessing pipeline corrosion 45 minutes

BREAK (15.00)

INTELLIGENT PIGS AND SETTING INSPECTION LEVELS

Pigs where they came from and what they can do.
Basic theory
Magnetic, ultrasonic pigs their accuracy and limitations.
Geometry, mapping, metal loss, crack detection pigs
What pigs can detect
TUTORIAL - Setting intelligent pig inspection levels 90 minutes
Day Three

USING SMART PIG AND SOME CASE STUDIES 30 minutes

BREAK (10.00)

PIPELINE REPAIR AND REHABILITATION

Repair and rehabilitation strategy


Types of repair and rehabilitation methods
o Grinding
o Weld deposition
o Shells (including epoxy-filled)
o Composite wraps
o Cut outs
o Mechanical clamps/connectors
Time to repair 90 minutes

BREAK (12.00)

RISK AND INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT AND ANALYSIS

What is risk, gain and risk analysis?


Risk management around the world
Risk management in the USA
Quantitative and qualitative risk analysis
Risk management methods API 1160 and ASME B31.8S
Baseline and direct assessment discussion item
Integrity Management Programs
Prioritisation schemes 75 minutes

WORKSHOP: RISK ANALYSIS AND SETTING PRIORITIES


30 minutes

BREAK (14.45)

WORKSHOP: RA AND SETTING PRIORITIES (CONT). DISCUSSION OF


RESULTS 45 minutes

CLOSE (16.00)

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