International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169

Volume: 4 Issue: 6 404 - 411

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JSP Custom Tag for Pagination, Sorting and Filtering A Case Study
Dr.Poornima G. Naik Girish R. Naik
Professor Associate Professor
Department of Computer Studies Production Department
CSIBER KITs College of Engineering
Kolhapur, India Kolhapur, India
[email protected] [email protected]

Abstract Tag libraries have the power of reducing complex functionalities to one liners by separating out implementation part
from tag declarations. Tags do hide the implementation specific tasks from the end user by making the code more readable. The
frequently and widely used functionality in any application is database operations which involve lot of code repetition. Such a
repeated code can be hidden behind a couple of custom tags where the end user can be concerned only with the tag usage which
renders the application bug free and also aids in rapid application development. Majority of automation softwares at the minimal
incorporate functionalities for interaction with repository of data . The need for quick searching of required data and retrieving
subsets of data demand sorting, pagination, and filtering capabilities to be an integral part of any application. With the exponential
growth in data these functionalities become mandatory to be incorporated in any application irrespective of its type and size.
Further, Rich Internet Application (RIA) demands an attractive graphical user interface providing visual clues on the type of data
to be entered or to be displayed. In order to cater a solution to this issue, in the current paper, the authors have designed and
implemented a JSP custom tag for displaying a database table data in columns of different types such as check boxes, images,
hyperlinks etc. Boolean attributes are added to the tag for enabling one or more of the features corresponding to pagination,
sorting and filtering.

Keywords- BodyTagSupport, Graphical User Interface, JSP Custom Tag, Tag Attribute, Tag Library Descriptor, Tag Handler Class.
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I. INTRODUCTION II. LITERATURE REVIEW

When displaying huge data, it is often desirable to display Custom tags play an important role in web applications. JSP
only a portion of the data at the outset and then allow the user custom tags are written to extract data from database using
to step through the data a specified no. of records at a time. At drop down menu to generate options dynamically [4]. A
the same time an end users experience can be enhanced if they through investigation for categorization of requirements and
are able to view data sorted by one of the columns. design of tag software in web application has been carried out
Incorporating these functionalities in a pair of custom tags by [5]. Authors have presented a case study of freely available
offers several advantages as the tags provide implementation of tag software. The development and testing of an accurate
these functionalities in a platform independent way and operate masstime (AMT) tag approach for the LC/MS-based
in a secure environment. One of the authors has demonstrated identification of plant natural products in complex extracts has
implementation of JSP custom tags for displaying the contents been reported by [6]. Its utility is verified by the detection and
of table for variety of backend database management systems, annotation of active principles in different medicinal plant
performing various DML operations on database and species with diverse chemical constituents. Tagging plays a
displaying master-detail relationships by encapsulating the vital role in bioinformatics also . A method to generate poly(A)
large amount of JDBC code behind couple of custom tags. In tags libraries for high-throughput sequencing (PAT-seq) has
the current work, authors demonstrate incorporating sorting, been reported by [7]. This method has been applied to
pagination and filtering capabilities in custom tags. investigate mRNA polyadenylation in Arabidopsis. Internet has
The prime benefits offered by custom tags are two fold. On become a vital source of information. Due to this there is need
one hand they play a key role in realizing code reusability and for powerful internet systems which can help in audiovisual
on the other hand enable code separation from its presentation. content searching on internet. A new technique of searching
Since the tags are based on the proven Java technology, they and indexing of audio visual contents on the internet has been
reap the benefits offered by the Java technology such as carried out by [8]. When developers are working on different
security, robustness and platform independency apart from platforms then code migration is a major issue. Three methods
code reusability. of code migrations from JSP to ASP.NET Entire code
The preliminary steps employed in implementation of transform migration, Reserved migration and Neutral migration
a custom tag are [1] : has been proposed by [9]. In development of IOT based
Implementation of a tag handler class applications there is need for a way to connect things and
Generation of a tag library descriptor document for services together and processing of data emitted by them using
storing tag specific information in XML file data flow paradigms. Automation of distribution of these data
format. flows using appropriate distribution mechanism has been
Designing JSP page using custom tag. carried out by [10].

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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 4 Issue: 6 404 - 411
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III. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR TAG DESIGN <tag-class></tag-class>
<body-content></body-content>
Since the tag works independent of back end database <attribute>
management system, retrieving a range of records sequentially <name></name>
poses a big challenge in implementation. Further, MS-Access .
does not support any pseudo columns as is the case with other .
back end database managements systems such as MySQL , </attribute>
Oracle etc. These systems support pseudo columns with the .
name either ROWID, or ROWNUM, depending on the system .
which makes the task easier. The authors have come up with a
query in MS-Access for sequential retrieval of records in a </tag>
specified range. .
For retrieving first N records from book table, the MS-Access .
query is <tag>
SELECT TOP N * FROM book; </tag>
</taglib>
For retrieving the records in the range N1-N2 the query can be
formulated as shown below: The required child elements of <tag> element are <name>,
<tag-class> and <body-content> and optional child element is
No of Records per Page = (N2-N1+1) <attribute>. The <attribute> child element contains the
compulsory child element <name> and other optional child
SELECT TOP <No of Records per Page> * FROM book elements such as <rtexprvalue>, <required>, etc.
WHERE <PK> not in (select TOP <N1-1> * No of Records
per Page > <PK> from book); B. Class Diagram

where <PK> refers to primary key column. Table I. depicts The structure of the various classes employed in tag design
using the query for retrieving records in different range. and interaction between them is depicted in Figure 1.

TABLE I. RETRIEVING RECORDS IN DIFFERENT RANGES IN MS-

ACCESS.

A. Tag Library Descriptor Document

A tag library descriptor file is a simple XML file with the

extension .tld embedding a set of custom tags. The structure of
a typical tag library descriptor file is shown below:

<?xml version="1.0" ?>

<!DOCTYPE taglib Figure 1. Structure and Relationship Between Tag Handler Classes
PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD JSP Tag Library
1.2//EN" The classes with solid background are pre-defined classes
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-jsptaglibrary_1_2.dtd"> while those with transparent background are custom classes.
<taglib> The type attribute of a column tag can take one of the
<tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version> following values.
<jsp-version>1.1</jsp-version>
<short-name>simpletaglib</short-name>
regular
<description>My first Tag Library</description>
checkbox
<tag>
<name></name> image
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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 4 Issue: 6 404 - 411
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hyperlink allowPaging
allowFiltering
The url and hyperlink attributes are NOT NULL only if the recordsPerPage.
type attribute is set to hyperlink while the url attribute alone is The first three attributes have default value of false which
NOT NULL if type attribute is set to image. This situation is means by default sorting, pagination and filtering are disabled.
depicted in Table II. If pagination is enabled, and recordsPerPage is not specified,
then recordsPerPage attribute defaults to a value of 10 records
per page.
TABLE II VALIDATION OF ATTRIBUTES OF COLUMN TAG
The following code segment shows only a partial content of
EMPLOYED IN TAG DESIGN
customtag.tld file where the changes are incorporated.
<tag>
<name>DisplayTable</name>
<tag-class>csiber.DisplayTableTag</tag-class>
<body-content>empty</body-content>
<attribute>
<name>dsnName</name>
</attribute>
<attribute>
The life cycle of a tag handler class consists of 6 methods <name>tableName</name>
of which doStartTag() and doEndTag() are frequently </attribute>
implemented[11,12]. doStartTag() method is called when the <attribute>
start tag is rendered which returns one of the constants <name>columnNames</name>
EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE or SKIP_BODY. In the former case </attribute>
the body content of the tag which consists of nested column <attribute>
tags in our case is evaluated while in the latter case the last <name>sortColumnName</name>
method in the life cycle of the tag doEndTag() is called. The </attribute>
functionalities offered by the various tag handler classes are <attribute>
shown in Table III. <name>databaseName</name>
TABLE III FUNCTIONALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH TAG </attribute>
HANDLER CLASSES <attribute>
<name>userName</name>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>password</name>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>backEnd</name>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>allowSorting</name>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>allowPaging</name>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>recordsPerPage</name>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>allowFiltering</name>
IV. IMPLEMENTATION OF CUSTOM TAG </attribute>
</tag>
This section presents structure of tag library descriptor file, the Structure of ColumnTag Tag.
control flow diagram and the proposed algorithm for the <tag>
implementation of a custom tag. <name>Column</name>
<tag-class>csiber.ColumnTag</tag-class>
A. Writing a Tag Library Descriptor <body-content>empty</body-content>
<attribute>
DisplayTable tag contains the following attributes for adding
<name>name</name>
sorting, pagination and filtering functionalities to the tag
</attribute>
which are optional and are set to the default value of false.
<attribute>
allowSorting
<name>type</name>
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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 4 Issue: 6 404 - 411
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</attribute> Standard Functions of language L used in the Algorithm
<attribute>
loadDriver() - is function in a language L for loading
<name>url</name>
</attribute> appropriate DBMS driver in memory depending on the name
<attribute>
of DBMS passed as parameter.
<name>hyperText</name>
</attribute> connectTo() - is a function in a language L for establishing
</tag>
the connection to remote DBMS depending on the name of
DBMS passed as a parameter.
B. Nesting Tags
The column tag is nested inside DisplayTable tag. All the getPageName() - is a function in language L for returning the
nested columns are displayed by DisplayTable tag in the name of the web page requested.
specified column format. This is achieved by iteratively
invoking column tag and storing column-specific information getQueryString() - is a function in language L for returning
in a collection class of type ArrayList. the value of the query string parameter whose name is passed
C. Folder Structure of a Custom Tag Project as a parameter to the function.
constructQuery() is a function in language L for
Different type of project components in an Eclipse project
folder with the name customtag is depicted in Figure 2. constructing an SQL query for pulling data from the table
whose name is passed as a parameter.
executeQuery() is a function in language L for executing the
query against backend database management system.
startsWith() - is a function in language L for checking whether
the string passed as a first parameter starts with the character
passed as second parameter.
displayDetailRecords() - is a function in language L for
displaying records of a detail table.
/*
Global Variables
String data;
ArrayList columns;
String query;
*/
struct Column
{
String name;
String type;
String url;
String ctype;
Figure 2. Folder Structure Employed in Implementation of Custom Tag
String hyperText;
}
D. Proposed Algorithm
/* Invoked when start tag is rendered */
The algorithm for displaying the master-detail relationship in a
public int doStartTag()
hierarchical grid control in C++ style is presented below: {
/*Any high level language interfacing with back end database data=null;
columns=new ArrayList();
management system provides high level API for primitive pageContext.setAttribute("columns", columns);
database functions such as creating a connection object and return EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE;
}
generating a page request by sending the necessary input
information in a query string. Hence this algorithm assumes /* Invoked when end tag is rendered */

some standard functions as shown below: public int doEndTag()

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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 4 Issue: 6 404 - 411
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{ else
/* Retrieve column information */ query="SELECT TOP " +
String columnValue=null; recordsPerPage + " * FROM " + tableName + "
columns=(ArrayList)pageContext.getAttribute( WHERE " + colname + " NOT IN (select TOP "
"columns"); + recordsPerPage * (pageno-1)) + " " + colname
/* Retrieving Page name and query string information */ + " FROM " + tableName +")";
String pagename = if (sortColumnName != null)
this.pageContext.getPage().toString(); {
int to=pagename.indexOf("@"); query += " ORDER BY ";
int from=pagename.lastIndexOf("."); query += sortColumnName;
String page=pagename.substring(from+1, }
to-4)+".jsp"; }
int pageno=1; else
if (allowSorting==null) {
allowSorting="false"; query="SELECT * FROM " + tableName;
if (allowPaging==null) if (sortColumnName != null)
allowPaging="false"; {
if (recordsPerPage==null) query += " ORDER BY ";
recordsPerPage="10"; query += sortColumnName;
sortColumnName=getRequestParameter(" }
columnname"); String line= " LIMIT " +
pageno=getRequestParameter("page")); recordsPerPage * (pageno-1) + "," +
recordsPerPage;
/* Loading JDBC Driver and constructing Connection object query+=line;
depending on DBMS */ }
if (backEnd==MS-Access) }
{ else
loadDriver(MS-Access); {
connectTo(MS-Access); query="SELECT * FROM " + tableName;
} if (sortColumnName != null)
{
if (backEnd==MySQL) query += " ORDER BY ";
{ query += sortColumnName;
loadDriver(MySQL); }
connectTo(MySQL); }

} Iterator it=columns.iterator();
while (it.hasNext())
if (backEnd==Oracle) {
{ Column c = (Column)it.next();
loadDriver(Oracle); columnName=c.getName();
connectTo(Oracle); type=c.getType();
} url=c.getUrl();
/* Construct Table Header depending on attributes specified in hyperText=c.getHyperText();
Tag */
if (allowSorting.equals("true"))
query="SELECT * FROM " + tableName; {
executeQuery(query); data+="<a href='";
if (sortColumnName != null) data+=page;
{ data+="?columnName=";
query += " ORDER BY "; data+=columnName;
query += sortColumnName; if (page != null)
} {
data+="&page=";
if (allowPaging.equals("true")) data+=pageno;
{ }
if (backEnd.equals("MS-Access")) data+="'>";
{ data+=columnName;
if (pageno==1) data+="</a>";
query="SELECT TOP " + recordsPerPage +
" * FROM " + tableName; }
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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 4 Issue: 6 404 - 411
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else V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
data+=columnName;
} The algorithm presented above is implemented in Java Server
Pages using Eclipse editor. The tag is tested for different
it=columns.iterator(); database management systems. Different test cases are
while (it.hasNext()) presented here.
{
Column c = (Column)it.next(); Test Case 1 : Without Sorting, Pagination and Filtering
name=c.getName(); Enabled for MySQL Database.
type=c.getType(); JSP code snippet in which sorting, pagination and filtering are
url=c.getUrl(); disabled is shown below:
query="SELECT " + name + " <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/lib/customtag.tld"
FROM " + tableName + " WHERE 1 = 2 "; prefix="Database" %>
executeQuery(query); <%
} String fid=request.getParameter("fid");
if (fid == null || fid == "")
while (nextRecord()) fid="1";
{ %>
it=columns.iterator(); <html>
while (it.hasNext()) <head>
{ <title>Custom Tag for Sorting, Pagination and
Column c = (Column)it.next(); Filtering</title>
name=c.getName(); </head>
type=c.getType(); <body>
url=c.getUrl(); <h3>Sorting and Pagination</h3>
<Database:DisplayTable databaseName="library"
hyperText=c.getHyperText(); backEnd="MySQL"
if (type.equals("regular")) userName="root" password="mca"
{ tableName="book" columnNames="all"/>
data+=columnValue; </body>
} </html>
else if (type.equals("checkbox")) GUI generated by the tag is shown in Figure 3.
{
if (columnValue.equals("true"))
data+="<input type='checkbox'
checked='true'>";
else
data+="<input
type='checkbox'>";
}
else if (type.equals("image"))
{
data+="<image src='";
data+=columnValue;
data+="' height=50
width=50></img>";
}
else if (type.equals("hyperlink"))
{
data+="<a href='";
data+=columnValue;
data+="' download>";
data+=hyperText;
data+="</a>"; Figure 3. GUI Generated by the Custom Tag on Disabling Sorting,
}
Pagination and Filtering
}
}
print(data); Test Case 2 : Sorting Enabled allowSorting attribute of
} DisplayTableTag tag is set to true for MS-Access Database.
}
JSP code snippet in which sorting enabled is shown below:
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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 4 Issue: 6 404 - 411
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<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/lib/customtag.tld" prefix =
"Database" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Custom Tag for Enabling Sorting</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>Sorting, Filtering and Pagination</h3>
<Database:DisplayTable dsnName="clibrary"
tableName="book" columnNames="all"
allowSorting="true" />
</body>
</html>

GUI generated by the tag is shown in Figure 4.

Figure 5. GUI Generated by the Custom Tag with Pagination

Enabled
When allowPaging of the attribute is set to true, the first page
displays recordsPerPage (default value is 10) no. of records.
The user can navigate to any other page by clicking the
appropriate page number rendered as a hyperlink in the footer.

Test Case 4 : Filtering Enabled - allowFiltering attribute of

DisplayTableTag tag is set to true
JSP code snippet in which pagination enabled is shown below:
<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/lib/customtag.tld"
prefix="Database" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Custom Tags for Database Operations</title>
</head>
Figure 4. GUI Generated by the Custom Tag with Sorting Enabled
<body>
When allowSorting attribute of the tag is set to true the <h3>Sorting, Filtering and Pagination</h3>
table headers rendered by the tag handler class become <Database:DisplayTable dsnName="clibrary" tableName
hyperlinks. On clicking the columns hyperlink, the data is ="book" columnNames="all" allowFiltering="true" />
sorted in ascending order. </body>
</html>
Test Case 3 : Pagination Enabled - allowPaging attribute of
DisplayTableTag tag is set to true for Oracle 10g Database. GUI generated by the tag is shown in Figure 6.
JSP code snippet in which pagination enabled is shown
below:
<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/lib/customtag.tld"
prefix="Database" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Custom Tags for Database Operations</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>Sorting, Filtering and Pagination</h3>
<Database:DisplayTable backEnd="Oracle" userName
="system" password="siber" ipAddress="192.168.30.94"
tableName="book" columnNames="all" allowPaging
="true" />
</body> Figure 6. GUI Generated by the Custom Tag with Filtering Enabled
</html>
When allowFiltering attribute of the tag is set to true, the drop-
GUI generated by the tag is shown in Figure 5. down lists appear in the place of column headers which
contain unique values in that particular column. The user can
select the required value for filtering in the records containing
that value.
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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 4 Issue: 6 404 - 411
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displayed is determined at code level, discarding the rest. This
Test Case 5 : Displaying Columns in Different Formats. is associated with large performance cost since the entire set of
JSP code snippet in which pagination enabled is shown below: records irrespective of the page to be displayed is being
<%@taglib uri="/WEB-INF/lib/customtag.tld" returned from the underlying database of which only the
prefix="Database"%> desired ones would be displayed. The performance can be
<html> greatly enhanced if only the required subset of records which
<head> are part of the page to be displayed are returned as it would
<title>Custom Tags for Database Operations</title> tremendously reduce a network traffic. In the current work, the
custom tag renders a unidirectional sortable grid view where
</head>
the data is sorted only in ascending order. In future, the tag can
<body>
be modified to incorporate a bi-directional sortable grid view in
<h3>Sorting and Pagination</h3> which the data can be sorted either in ascending order or
<Database:DisplayTable dsnName="clibrary" descending order. On clicking the hyperlink for the first time,
tableName="book"> the data is sorted in ascending order and the data is sorted in
<Database:Column name="bookId" type="regular"/> descending order if the same hyperlink is clicked again
<Database:Column name="bookName" type="regular"/>
<Database:Column name="issued" type="checkbox"/> REFERENCES
<Database:Column name="bookImage" type="image"/> [1] Dr. Poornima G. Naik, JSP Custom Tag Library for
<Database:Column name="Abstract" type="hyperlink" Implementing JDBC Functionality,
hyperText="View"/> http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/1084607/JSP-Custom-
Tag-Library-for-Implementing- JDBC-Funct, 11th March 2016.
</Database:DisplayTable>
[2] Dr. Poornima G. Naik, JSP Custom Tag Library (Version 2) for
</body> DML Operations,
</html> http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/1085185/JSP-Custom-
GUI generated by the tag is shown in Figure 7. Tag-Library-Version-for-DML-Operations, 14th March, 2016
[3] Dr. Poornima G. Naik, JSP Custom Tag Library for Table Joins
and Master Detail Relationships,
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Tag-Library-for-Table-Joins-and-Master, 19th March, 2016.
[4] Xiong, Yingyidu. "The design of automatically generating drop-
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[6] Cuthbertson, Daniel J., et al. "Accurate masstime tag library for
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[7] Liu, Man, Xiaohui Wu, and Qingshun Quinn Li. "DNA/RNA
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[9] Xu, Ming, et al. "Research on the Method of Code Migration
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[10] Nam Ky Giang, Michael Blackstock, Rodger Lea, Victor C.M.
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International Conference on the, Seoul, Korea, Oct 26-28, 2015
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VI. CONCLUSION AND SCOPE FOR FUTURE WORK April 2016. Barni M., Bartolini F., Piva A., Multichannel
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displaying a table data independent of the database [12] Dr. Poornima G. Naik, Mr. Girish R. Naik, JSP Custom Tag for
management system in which it is stored in a pageable, sortable Displaying Master- Detail Relationship in a Hierarchical Grid
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In the current work, the entire data from the underlying Applied Sciences and Technology, vol. 1, no 8, pp. 65-71, June
2016.
database is retrieved and the correct subset of records to be

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