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Ph.D. Qualifying Exam, Real Analysis Fall 2009,: J J 1 N 1 N N 1 N

1. The document contains a Ph.D. qualifying exam in real analysis consisting of two parts, each with 5 problems. Problems include showing that a linear span of certain functions is dense, properties of compact operators on Banach spaces, and properties of uniformly convex Banach spaces. 2. The second part of the exam continues with additional problems such as extending continuous linear functions on subspaces, properties of subspaces of Lp spaces, and properties of Fourier transforms of Schwartz functions. 3. The exam covers a wide range of topics in real analysis including functional analysis, measure theory, and functional spaces. Candidates are required to solve problems demonstrating mastery of definitions, theorems and proofs across these areas.

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87 views2 pages

Ph.D. Qualifying Exam, Real Analysis Fall 2009,: J J 1 N 1 N N 1 N

1. The document contains a Ph.D. qualifying exam in real analysis consisting of two parts, each with 5 problems. Problems include showing that a linear span of certain functions is dense, properties of compact operators on Banach spaces, and properties of uniformly convex Banach spaces. 2. The second part of the exam continues with additional problems such as extending continuous linear functions on subspaces, properties of subspaces of Lp spaces, and properties of Fourier transforms of Schwartz functions. 3. The exam covers a wide range of topics in real analysis including functional analysis, measure theory, and functional spaces. Candidates are required to solve problems demonstrating mastery of definitions, theorems and proofs across these areas.

Uploaded by

paimo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ph.D.

Qualifying Exam, Real Analysis


Fall 2009, part I

Do all five problems. Write your solution for each problem in a separate blue book.

1 Two short problems:


a. For a topological space M , let C(M ) denote the vector space of real valued continuous
functions on M .
Suppose X, Y are compact Hausdorff topological spaces. Let D be the linear span of functions
of the form u(x, y) = (x)(y), C(X), C(Y ). Show that D is dense in C(X Y ).
b. Suppose that X is a Banach space, {xj } j=1 is a sequence in X with the property that
X
n=1 n = X, where Xn = Span{x 1 , . . . , xn }. Show that X is finite dimensional.

2 Let X be a Banach space, and let S denote the unit sphere S = {x X : kxk = 1}.
a. Suppose yn S for all n, and yn y X weakly. Show that kyk 1.
b. Suppose that X is a separable infinite dimensional Hilbert space, y X and kyk 1. Show
that there exists a sequence {yn }
n=1 with yn S for all n such that yn y weakly.

3 Let f, g L1 (T), T = R/(2Z), and assume that for any C (T),


Z Z

f (t) (t) dt = g(t)(t) dt.

(If this holds, it is common to say that g is a weak derivative of f .) Prove that f is absolutely
continuous and f = g a.e.

4 Suppose that X, Y are Banach spaces, T L(X, Y ) is compact.


a. If S L(X, X), R L(Y, Y ), show that T S, RT L(X, Y ) are compact.
b. Show that T L(Y , X ) is compact.

5 A Banach space B is uniformly convex if for every (0, 1) there exists < 1 such that if
x, y B, kxk = kyk = 1 and kx yk > 2 then k 12 (x + y)k < .
Let B be a uniformly convex Banach space.
a. Assume that xn B for n = 1, 2, . . . and xn x0 in the weak topology, and kxn k kx0 k.
Prove that xn x0 in norm.
Hint: Assume that {xn } is not a Cauchy sequence, and for suitable pairs nj , mj , nj < mj ,
nj , consider yj = (xnj + xmj )/2.
b. Give an example that the statement in (a) is false for general Banach spaces.
Ph.D. Qualifying Exam, Real Analysis
Fall 2009, part II

Do all five problems. Write your solution for each problem in a separate blue book.

1 Two short problems:


a. Suppose that X is a finite dimensional real vector space. Show that all norms on X are equivalent.
b. Let X be a complex Hilbert space, Y a subspace of X (with the induced norm), f : Y C
continuous linear. Show that f has a unique continuous linear extension F : X C with the same
norm as f .

2 Let denote the Lebesgue measure on [0, 1]. For 1 < p < construct
a. a subspace of Lp ([0, 1], ) which is not dense in Lp but is dense in Lr for all r < p.
b. a subspace of L ([0, 1], ) which is dense in Lp but not dense in Ls for any s > p.

3 For f C([0, 1]), x [0, 1], let (T f )(x) be given by


Z x
(T f )(x) = f (y) dy.
0
Show that T : C([0, 1]) C([0, 1]) is bounded, find (with proof) kT k and the spectral radius of T .

4 Suppose that X is a locally convex vector space with topology T generated by a family {a : a A}
of seminorms.
a. If k.k is a continuous seminorm on X, show that there exist a1 , . . . , an A and C > 0, such that
kxk C(a1 (x) + . . . + an (x)) for all x X.
b. Let X = C (T), T = R/(2Z). Show that X does not have a norm generating its standard
topology (given by {k = k.kC k : k 0, k Z}).
k
5 Let f : R C be a Schwartz function (i.e. f is C and sup |xN ddxfk | < for all N and k) satisfying
2 1
R R ixy
R |f (x)| dx = 1. Let f (y) = 2 R e f (x) dx denote the Fourier transform of f .
a. Show that Z Z 
1
2 2
(x x0 ) |f (x)| dx (y y0 ) |f(y)|2 dy
2

R R 4
for all x0 , y0 R.
Hint: You may find it easier to reduce to, and then work with, the case x0 = y0 = 0.
b. Suppose that the equality sign holds in (a). Show that there exists a real number > 0 and a
complex number c such that |c| = 1 and
1
 (x x )2 
0
f (x) = c () 4 exp + ixy0
2
for all x R.

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