1.

Do you think English will remain to be a global language despite

globalization?

OR

Do you think the significance of English language as an international language

will be lost with globalisation or its significance will increase with globalisation?
What is your opinion?

Advance Version Introduction:

Whether globalisation will lead to a decreased value of English as a global language

or English will thrive thanks to globalisation is a mature of discussion. As such, there
are merits to both sides of the debate, although I am of the opinion that the latter
proposition merits serious consideration.

Advance Version Introduction:

The role of globalisation in the proliferation of English language all over the world is
widely debated, with many people claiming that thanks to globalisation, other
languages and cultures will gain more exposure and threated the dominance of
English language. However, I do not entirely accept this and I will explain why in this
essay, when we do not agree with the statement. Note: (In my opinion this notion
merits serious consideration. we write this when we agree with the statement)

There are a myriad of reasons why English will gain more popularity. The
conspicuous one is that thanks to globalisation, the interaction between people from
different languages and diverse cultural background will inevitably increase. As
English is already the most widely used language throughout the world, not only will
it help people to communicate effectively with each other, but it will also be
embraced more and more people. This is because lack of knowledge in English is
likely to leave them segregate from the ever changing world. Needless to say, this
universal appeal of English will keep it in a preponderant position, as far as of it is
concerned.

Another pivotal argument in favour of English language is that now English is the
language of Science, Commerce, trade, arts, history, literature, media, entertainment
and what not. Unlike in the past, when the world was not much connected without a
common language. Hence, the likelihood that English will thrive, flourish and spread
rapidly is very high.

In view of the arguments outlined above, one can conclude that the apprehension that
English language will lose its value because of globalisation is ungrounded indeed.

1st Sentence: A number of benefits / drawbacks /reasons can be attributed to

(topic)

2nd Sentence: The salient one / the most preponderant one lies in the fact that ....

Note: Lies use only when reasons used in 1st sentence Lead to / contribute a
great deal to Noun / (V+ ing)
3rd Sentence: By doing something, one can do something, do something else and
do something else.

4th Sentence: There is no doubt that something stands something in good ..........,
when it comes to ......

2. The main purpose of public libraries is to provide books and they shouldnt
waste their limited resources and space on providing expensive hi-tech media
such as computer software, videos and DVDs. To what extent do you agree or
disagree with this statement?

There is no doubt that a library is of key importance in offering students ample

opportunity to augment their knowledge in numerous fields from arts and science to
trade and commerce. A school of thought, however, contends that libraries should
focus only on increasing their collection of books, not on expensive media such as
DVDs and computer software, because the collection of books is what a library is
recognised and renowned for. This notion, in my opinion, merits little consideration
as the ubiquity of technology has dramatically changed the way people access
information and knowledge today.

There are a number of arguments in favour of investing money by libraries on

electronic media storage. The most predominant one is that the way people now read
books and attain knowledge is no longer the same as was even a decade or two earlier,
prior to the advent of hi-tech media. For instance, e-books are soft electronic copies of
the same paper-book printed in a press, the hard copy as it is called. E-books are to be
perused on a digital media like computer, notebook, e- book reader or any tablet
device. Thanks to the proliferation of these devices, students can study books more
conveniently than ever before, as they are no more required to carry those bulky
books. Besides, e-book readers allow hundreds of books to be stored in a single
device and retrieved for later study. Needless to say, it is high time libraries also
utilised this technological advancement and offered both the hard as well as the soft
copies to readers. It should be mentioned here that technology also allows the libraries
to ensure that the books can be accessed only for a certain period and can be copied to
no other device, thus helping to avoid piracy and copyright concerns.

Another pivotal aspect of CDs and DVDs is that they can help elaborate something
more clearly and effectively with the audio-visual effects they have. For example, by
using computer software instead of a heavy encyclopedia or dictionary, learners can
grasp things promptly, augment their knowledge successfully and broaden their
horizons efficiently.

From what has been discussed, one can conclude that an immense change in people's
reading habit stemming from the advent of technological media sources demands that
libraries allocate significant amount of money on keeping CDs, DVDs and software
as well as on maintaining a rich collection of books. This will not only cater to the
need of growing number of young learners that prefer these new forms of media to the
conventional ones, but also benefit learning enormously.
3. Should voting be compulsory for all citizens or people should have freedom
to choose not to vote. What is your opinion?

ADVANCE VERSION INTRO:

The idea of mandatory voting system is widely debated, with many people claiming
that forcing people to vote does not appear to be rational at all in a democratic
environment. However, I do not entirely accept this and I will explain why in this
essay.

There are myriad of arguments in favour of compulsory voting. / The arguments in

favour of compulsory voting are myriad. The conspicuous one is that in order to get
an authentic reflection of peoples perception an election, each and every adult has to
exercise his or her suffrage. It not only enables the citizens of a country to choose the
right leaders they want to see in the government, but also ensures that the country
does not select the leaders who are not honest, sincere, dedicated and accountable.
This is because the majority of population cannot be unanimous in choosing wrong
leaders. Needless to say, thanks to all these upsides, the country stands in good stead,
when it comes to good governance and effective/efficient/efficacious management.

Another pivotal aspect of compulsory voting is that if people have freedom not to
vote, many people will not feel any pressure to exercise this democratic right. For
example, unlike countries such as India and Pakistan, which do not force people to
vote and so, the turnout of voters is very low, countries with stringent penalties for not
voting such as Australia usually have higher turnouts, thus making the election a
fairer one. Hence, it is apparent why many are against offering any leeway to voters
for the sake of democracy.

From what has been discussed, one can observe that the benefits of compulsory
voting are indeed too great to ignore.

4. The environment we are living in is in danger due to various problems. So

who do you think should be responsible to solve it? Is it the governments,
organizations or each individual?
Deforestation- Deforestation is a rapidly-growing problem in areas like Africa,
Central and South America. Not only does this mean less trees, less cleansing
oxygen, and the displacement of the wildlife, deforestation means a dangerous
decrease in a natural fighter of global warming

Pollution-Pollution comes in many forms and no matter where you live. The main
reason for why pollution has gotten so out of control is that our desire for more
stuff has led to our old stuff being thrown away at an alarming and unnecessary
rate. This need for manufactured items also leads to the air and water pollution
emitted from factories, which in many countries are highly unregulated.

Loss of Biodiversity-Each species has a role in our planet, and when one dies out, it
can have catastrophic effects on the rest of us. Currently, many other animals are in
danger of becoming extinct, either from being forced out of their habitats by man or
by climate change.
 OR
In todays world, different governments and international organisations are
confronting many problems to deal with. What is the most pressing problem
among them? How can it be taken care of?

These days, it has become a growing trend to see an upsurge in a number of

problems all over the world. In my opinion, pollution/global warming is the
biggest of all. In this essay, I will elaborate this problem and recommend some
suggestions to overcome this soaring concern.

ADVANCE VERSION INTRO:

In recent years, there has been a colossal upsurge in the amount of pollution in
almost all parts of the world, be it impoverished or affluent. This essay will
present an overview of this problem and suggest potential solutions.

There are myriad of consequences of pollution [Problem topic] in the world. The
most conspicuous one is that pollutants from industries and other sources
contribute to deteriorating the environment. They not only have an adverse impact
on the ecology/ecosystem but also cause people to suffer from a range of diseases.
[Not only, do they have an adverse impact on ecology/ecosystem, but also they
cause people to suffer from a range of diseases.]

Steps to deal with this problem are many, but the most significant ones are not
remote or complicated, but accessible and practicable. Primarily, the governments
should introduce stringent laws and regulations to ensure that factories and
manufacturers use ecofriendly measures in producing goods. Besides, the
international organizations can raise funds and thus help underprivileged nation to
fight off pollution in every sphere. Last but not least, an awareness program to
educate people of the harmful effects of pollution can also be initiated.

From what has been discussed, one can conclude that the situation that has
stemmed from pollution can be successfully remedied, provided that the
aforementioned measures are taken. Its harmful effects are indeed too great to
ignore.

5. Company top-level authorities should or should not take employees

suggestions or ideas to take any decisions. Discuss in detail.

OR

Employers/authorities of a company should take suggestions or ideas from

employees in taking any decision. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Whether an organisation should involve its employees in taking decisions in

numerous issues, be it big or small, is a matter of discussion. As such, there are both
merits and demerits to this idea, although I am of the opinion that the demerits are no
match for the merits.

The benefits of engaging employees in the decision making of a company are

manifold. The salient one is that thanks to the input from employees, employers will
have diverse ideas and concepts to work on. Not only can the company come to a
much wiser decision based on the data, but they can also make the staff feel
privileged by considering their opinion important. Needless to say, this idea will keep
any business in a preponderant position, in terms of increasing its productivity.

Another pivotal aspect of involving the employees in the strategic planning of an

organisation is that they will not feel that they are merely following orders; they will
rather feel that they are an indispensable part of the organisation, which will motivate
them to put in more efforts. Unlike those companies, which impose orders on their
employees and so, fail to generate spontaneity among them, companies that value
their employees opinion succeed in motivating them to work spontaneously.
Apparently, the latter benefit more when it comes to productivity.

In view of the arguments outlined above, one can conclude that the benefits which
considering employees advice and suggestions offers in a company are indeed too
great to ignore.

6. Successful sports stars and glamorous film stars are role models for
youngsters. Do you support it or not? (Agree/ disagree)
ADVANCED VERSION: LEVEL 8.5-9

The role of celebrities, be it in sports or in entertainment, as a role model for

youngsters is widely debated, with many people claiming that these famous
personalities have hardly any didactic purpose to serve. In my opinion, this notion
merits serious consideration.

Following celebrities by youngsters is of myriad concerns. The most conspicuous one

is that these famous personalities often show the brighter side of their lifestyle. Most
of the inner aspects of their characteristics are hidden from the public. They are
involved in a race against each other to gain name, fame and money. Attaining
worldly desires seems to be their sole objective. No matter how positive their
appearance might look, they are unhappy in their family life. They suffer from other
mental complications like depression, frustration, loneliness and the like. Out of
despair, many of them resort to drugs and some even commit suicide. There is no
denying that with all these concerns, no one would recommend that a teenager should
pursue an artificial life like this.

Another overt facet of celebrities is that rarely do they possess such essential
attributes as moral and ethical values that are deemed vital in becoming a good human
being. As such, they are often seen brawling over insignificant things, verbally
assaulting their counterparts and what not. Thanks to the ubiquity of the Internet and
the popularity of the social networking sites, youngsters who are both immature and
vulnerable are readily exposed to these altercations. Apparently, the likelihood that
these shallow, artificial and greedy people will benefit youths in shaping their beliefs
and ideologies in a positive way is bleak indeed. Teenagers should rather imitate the
lifestyle of their parents or teachers, who possess a deluge of qualities, from sincerity
and honesty to perseverance and dedication. There is no doubt that youths can benefit
from these practical role models astronomically.

From what has been discussed, one can conclude that the drawbacks associated with
the youths imitating the lifestyle of celebrities far outweigh the upsides, if any.

7. In education system, assessment through written formal examination is valid

or not.
OR
Do you think that formal written examinations are a good way to assess
knowledge at school?

ADVANCED VERSION: Level 8.5-9

The role of conventional written tests in gauging a student's capability is widely
debated, with many academics claiming that these tests are flawed and can hardly
measure one's performance accurately and comprehensively. In my opinion, this
proposition merits serious consideration.

One of the most conspicuous drawbacks of traditional exams is that in order to attain
good grades in these stereotyped exams, students are not required to possess an in-
depth knowledge in a specific subject. This is because it is through a number of test-
taking skills, strategies and techniques that even a mediocre student can perform as
well as a prodigy. There is no doubt that the core objective of education is not to
prepare learners for exams, but to instil knowledge in them in an effort to broaden
their horizons. If cramming or applying certain strategies is what learners need to
master to augment their scores, it is highly unlikely that high achievers will
necessarily have greater potentials than their low achieving peers. Hence, this faulty
testing system does not help serve the purpose of education at all.

Besides, questions in these exams are often repeated and so, anyone having access to
past test papers can memorise pre-prepared scripts and achieve good marks. Needless
to say, the intellectual ability of students is impeded as they do not need to explore
things with inquisitive attitude to learning and discovering new limits. As such, rather
than focusing merely on writing, exams should entail a wide range of question types,
from oral presentation and group discussion to quizzes and assignments. This will
ensure a realistic assessment of one's progress.

In view of the arguments outlined above, one can conclude that formal written tests
do not reflect a learner's performance aptly and precisely. What seems more
efficacious and more pragmatic in this scenario is a variety of testing systems that will
not require a learner to memorise answers, but demand thorough understanding of the
subject matter.

8. It is argue that getting married before finishing school or getting a job is not
a good choice. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

The idea of starting ones married life prior to completing their academic studies or
building their career is widely debated, with many people claiming that doing so
would give birth to a deluge or concerns. My view coincides with this notion as there
are several strong elements that lie within it.
There are myriad drawbacks of stepping into married life before ones career
development. The most conspicuous one is that thanks to their young age, couple will
be feeble and vulnerable when it comes to taking serious decision about life. Not only
will they struggle to cope with different situations their married life will entail, but
they will also suffer from financial hardship without an established career. Needless
to say, with so many problems to deal with in such an early age, the relationship
between each other will only deteriorate, contributing to an unhappy conjugal life.

Another overt facet of this argument is that getting married earlier would mean an
uncertain future for a youth, both in terms of higher studies and career. This is
because with arduous responsibilities in life such as raising children and the like, they
will not succeed in career building. Neither will they be able rear their children
properly, fulfilling their basic requirements, be it financial or psychological.

In view of the arguments outlined above, one can observe that the concerns which
getting married earlier without completing ones studies and developing their career
are indeed too great to ignore.

9. Marketing strategy for big companies should be placed on offer and

discounts, and in what ways this impact on their reputation.

OR

Should the marketing department of a company emphasize on giving discount

and offers to their customers or should they focus more on maintaining their
brand? What is your opinion?

Advanced Version: Level 8.5

The role of offering short-term promotions in the marketing strategies of a company is

widely debated, with many people claiming that alluring customers by reducing
commodity prices is only likely to deteriorate the image of the company in the long
run. In my opinion, this proposition merits serious consideration.

There are myriad drawbacks of attracting customers with frequent discounts. The
most conspicuous one is that the impression it creates among customers that the
company is enticing them into purchasing products in an effort to augment its profit at
the expense of quality, but they also apprehend that the company has started losing
credibility and reliability. This is because big brands such as Apple, Samsung and the
like hardly offer discounts; they rather focus more on their brand name keeping prices
high at all times. Needless to say, there are very few consumers who would agree to
compromise with the quality of products by paying less. Instead, they will pay more
and choose the better products.

Another pivotal aspect of price cuts is that although companies will have short-term
financial benefits, they will lose that premium tag they used to enjoy in the past. As a
result, unlike other competitors, who are more into image building, these companies
will lose recurring customers, thanks to the fall in their reputation, thus suffering in
the long run astronomically.
From what has been discussed, one can conclude that the pitfalls of offering discounts
to increase the number of customers are indeed too great to ignore.

10. What is the best invention of last 100 years: computer, antibiotics, airplane
and explain why?
OR
Any new technological development in the recent years is a boon or curse for
the society in general.

ADVANCED VERSION: LEVEL 8.5

During the last century, the world has experienced revolutionary developments in the
way people live their lives, thanks to an array of innovations of modern science, from
computing and aviation to medicines and treatment. In my opinion, of all these
wonders of science, computers are what have played the most pivotal role in
contributing to virtually every aspect of human life.

There are a myriad of arguments in favour of computers as the most significant

invention. The most conspicuous one is that by using computer, the Internet, a
number of software and other such equipment, not only can teachers make lesson
plans effectively, but students can also enhance their knowledge and broaden their
horizons with much ease, convenience and efficacy. Besides, with the Internet being
an indispensable part in computer, people no longer feel detached or segregated from
the ever-changing world, irrespective of their geographical locations. Facebook,
twitter are example of social networking sites people use today in an effort to keep
abreast with others, be it in their personal, social or professional life.

Another overt facet of computer is that thanks to its performance and contribution to
such sectors as transport, health care, scientific research, weather forecast and what
not, computer has greatly reduced human involvement. Apparently, less human
involvement means that the likelihood of making errors in these crucial areas has also
declined. Hence, there is no doubt that the improved efficiency, effective management
and comfortable life we enjoy today can primarily be attributed to computer, an
extraordinary innovation that any other achievement of modern science is no match
for.
In view of the arguments outlined above, one can conclude that nothing is comparable
to computer. This is because never has any single invention of science benefited
mankind in so many ways as computer has.

11. Climate change is huge concern in todays world. Discuss about the roles
that Government, corporates and individuals can play to improve it.

In recent years, there has been a colossal upsurge in environmental concerns, with
climate change being a pivotal one. Although convergent efforts from all, be it
companies, individuals or governments are required to alleviate this concern, I think it
is the government, which has the most important role to pay in this regard.

There are a myriad of arguments in favour of my stance. On the one hand, by

implementing stringent rules and regulations the government can ensure that factories
and individuals apply environmentally friendly measures in manufacturing goods. On
the other hand with strict policies and financial penalties in place, manufacturers are
more likely to take numerous measures to curb pollution, from applying a range of
recycling procedures to disposing of hazardous chemical appropriately. In other
words, the more lenience and leeway the government shows, the greater amount of
pollution is. Apparently all these merits stand the government in good stead, when it
comes to shaking off this soaring.

Another conspicuous argument is that unlike other bodies, with a deluge of resources
and legitimate power to fight off climate change the government is the strongest of all
to do everything it takes to address the concern, such as raising awareness through a
varieties of campaigns how a little change in our day to day life can make a positive
change to this end. Hence, it is apparent why instead of others, I am focusing on the
government.

From what has been discussed, one can conclude that the role played by the
government in escalating, the concerns in climate change is instrumental indeed.

12. Some people believe laws change human behavior. Do you agree with it?

The role of laws in bringing a positive change in people's behaviour is widely

debated, with many people claiming that human behaviour is rarely affected by
enforcing stringent rule-setting. However, I do not entirely accept this and I will
explain why in this essay.

One of the most conspicuous arguments in lies in the fact that rigorous rules can
engender fear among miscreants, who mostly commit crimes because of the leeway
they enjoy in breaking the law. If people are aware that their illegal or unlawful
activities will result in severe punishment such as financial penalty, jail term or even
death sentence, the likelihood that they will indulge in criminal activities is bound to
decline. For instance, unlike, in impoverished nations, where there is little or no
punishment for littering or driving offences and so a deluge of such incidents occur, in
affluent nations, the number of such offences is insignificant/nominal, thanks to a
wide range of strict regulations in place.

Another argument in favour of rule-setting can be seen in childhood, when a child

learns to do things following a proper order set either by their parents or by their
teachers. By sticking to these rules and regulations, children not only learn essential
attributes like discipline and punctuality, but also excel in academic studies. Hence, it
is apparent that why human behaviour is immensely shaped by law and order.

13. Illiterate of the 21st century will not be those who cannot read and write, but
those who cannot learn, unlearn and relearn. To what extent do you agree or
disagree?

OR

In future illiterate will not be those who cannot read, but those who do not
learn- By some writer, Discuss what do you understand by this statement.

ADVANCED VERSION: LEVEL 9

The idea of determining ones literacy based on the capability to read and write is
widely debated with many academics claiming that there are such other factors as
being able to learn, unlearn and relearn that have a greater role to play in this regard.
In my opinion, this notion merits serious consideration.

There are a myriad of arguments in favor of my stance. The most conspicuous one is
that gaining academic qualification does not necessarily mean that one will be able to
learn naturally. Far from learning for the sake of learning, these days students study
only to acquire good marks. Not only do students today consider education as a way
of getting employment opportunities in future, but they also acquire it to gain name
and fame. However, as such, the purpose of education is not to be able to merely read
and write, but to enlighten ones life. There is no denying that only when learners
attain knowledge through experience, past mistakes and self-analysis, can they
successfully educate themselves. Academic excellence without the ability to learn and
relearn is only likely to make them crippled, dependent and ineffective when it comes
to facing the real world. This is because learning is a lifelong process with a
requirement to ameliorate ones status in every step.

Another pivotal aspect of this argument is that in this globalized era, where
information about anything is so readily available thanks to the ubiquity of the
Internet, people can learn numerous skills, enhance their knowledge about other
cultures and above all broaden their horizons. Apparently, with an open mind, people
can thrive and excel in their career unlike those who do not consider acquiring
knowledge limited to schools and colleges. A deluge of examples of this scenario can
be seen both in affluent as well as impoverished nations.

In view of the arguments outlined above, one can conclude that the idea of defining
literacy as the capability to read and write is flawed, especially in this modern era. In
my opinion, it is high time we considered learning to be a never-ending process with
constant improvements throughout life.

14. Information revolution has changed the ways of mass communication and
has some negative and positive effects on individuals lives as well as on
society. To what extent do you agree or disagree.

In recent years there has been a colossal (extremely large or great) change in the way
of mass communication thanks to the ubiquity of the state-of-the-art. As such, there
are both merits and demerits to this trend. Although, I am of the view that the former
oust the latter.

A large number of benefits can be attributed to this development. On the one hand, by
utilising such advanced communication tools as Facebook, Twitter and the like, now
media can reach a much broader range of consumers, as they no longer have to rely
on conventional newspapers, magazines. On the other hand with the proliferation of
the Internet and Internet enable devices like notebooks, smart phones, people can
check e-mails, read e-papers and what not, even when they are on the move. Thus,
keeping themselves abreast with the ever changing world.

Another pivotal aspect of this development is that it has enabled different societies
whether they are situated locally or far away, to enlighten each other by sharing their
knowledge in numerous fields, from history and culture to Art and literature. Besides,
modern methods of mass communication can augment awareness of a range of
societal usages that can be addressed accordingly. Hence, it is apparent how society
benefits astronomically.

From the arguments outlined above, one can conclude that the role of the advent of
modern communication technology in todays mass media is instrumental indeed, as
it has not only broadened the horizons of individual but has also made them aware of
other societies, cultures and languages, no matter how remote or segregated they are.

15. Nowadays millions of dollars are spent on space research every year. Some
people argue that the money should be spent on other essential areas such as
healthcare and education. What is your opinion?

The idea of spending astronomical sums of money on space research is widely

debated, with many people claiming that this could be better spent on such other vital
sectors as healthcare, education and the like. In my opinion, this notion merits serious
consideration.

The reasons why space research deserves colossal expenditures are myriad. The
primary one lies the fact that with countless numbers of satellites out there,
forecasting weather has never been as precise and accurate as now. That scientists can
predict flood, storm, tsunami and other calamities with near-perfect precision is only
due to space exploration. Besides, researches on space also mean state-of-the-art
communication system in place, without which maintaining constant contact between
satellites, space shuttles and the like would be next to impossible. There is no doubt
that the way people communicate with each other in today's fast-paced era can largely
be attributed to the developments made in space technologies. Last but not least,
studies on space can pave the way to finding life in other planets and benefiting from
the natural resources out there.

However, there are some pitfalls that can easily overwhelm the potential benefits of
space exploration. The primary concern stems from the fact that space research entails
colossal amounts of expenditure, where as we have got millions of people starving all
over the world. Should we not feed these unprivileged people first before indulging in
ambitious adventures in space? As such, affluent nations are also equally responsible
for shaking off the poverty of the impoverished ones, as the later have limited budget
and resources. In addition, wealthy nations can best use their resources by improving
the infrastructures in an array of sectors such as healthcare, education, transport and
so on, instead of sending robots to find water in the Mars, costing taxpayers billions
of dollars. Hence, it is apparent why many are against extravagant ventures to space.

From what has been discussed, one can observe that there are other priorities in the
world at present, from eradicating poverty to setting up new infrastructures to
improving the standard of living, which should be looked after first, before investing
such mammoth sums of money on space research programmes.

16. People pursue dangerous activities like skydiving, motorcycle sports, white-
water river rafting etc. Do you support? If yes, why and if not, why?
 OR

Dangerous activities like extreme skiing, bungee jumping etc. and whether
you support them or not?

Pros and Cons of adventures sports.

Whether such adventurous sports as Sky Diving and deep sea diving can be a good
source of enjoyment or they should be deemed perilous for human life is a subject of
discussion. In my opinion, the latter proposition merits serious consideration.

One of the most conspicuous drawbacks of these activities is that they are likely to
pose life threatening dangers, thanks to the nature of these sports with peril being an
integral part. Although they are filled with excitement, rapture and tremendous
pleasure, they are only transient and so cant be supported and encouraged at the
expense of ones invaluable life, which is of immense importance as far as
contributing to the humanity is concerned. For example, mankind benefits
astronomically from prodigies, be it in the field of science, arts, music and literature.
Hence, putting life into danger by indulging in deleterious activities is of little
significance.

17. The claim that animals have rights has been the subject of much debate since
1970. Are zoos helping or hurting our animals? Should zoos be banned? Do
you agree or disagree?

The role of zoos in conserving animals is widely debated, with many people claiming
that zoos cannot be compared with the natural habitat that animals require to thrive. In
my opinion, this proposition merits serious consideration.

There are a myriad of arguments in favour of my opinion. The most conspicuous one
is that zoos usually have limited space for animals, which are rather accustomed to an
open environment under the sky. Not only does this congested space that they are
forced to live in hamper their normal movement, but it also keeps them from
interacting with other animals in their natural habitat in the forest. Needless to say, no
matter how many facilities animals enjoy in captivity, this unnatural life in the cage
cannot contribute to their effective nourishment whatsoever.

Besides, being superior to and more powerful than other animals, humans have no
right to keep them captive, deteriorating the ecological balance enormously. Unlike
those animals that live in the jungle without any restriction and so enjoy a
spontaneous life over there, animals in captivity are sadly deprived of their basic
rights, freedom being a pivotal one. Hence, it is apparent why many are against
keeping animals in the zoo.
In view of the arguments outlined above, one can conclude that the drawbacks of the
zoo are indeed too great to ignore.

18. Some people feel that success lies in achieving professional and economic
targets, while others say that success lies in spending quality time with family
and friends.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

The role of ones professional and economic achievements in determining ones

success is widely debated, with many people claiming that as a social being, the
success of a person should largely be attributed to spending quality time with friends
and family. In my view, this notion merits serious consideration.

There are a myriad of arguments in favour of my view. The most conspicuous

one is that succeeding in ones career and having a solvent life only means ones
materialistic achievement, which has little connection with happiness. As human
beings are a social animal, having a happy family life and congenial friends not only
ensures satisfaction, pleasure and entertainment in ones life, but also helps one to
find the true meaning of life. Needless to say, all these attributes stand people in
good stead, as far as providing food for their soul is concerned.

Besides, there is a great likelihood that focusing excessively on work instead of

spending time with family members and friends will contribute a great deal to causing
an array of concerns like loneliness, depression and dejection. Unlike those
workaholic people, who hardly have any social life and so suffer enormously in the
long run, people with a proper balance between life and work are bestowed with a
sense of completeness and contentment in life.

In view of the arguments outlined above, one can conclude that the benefits of
choosing family and friends over work in terms of achieving success are indeed too
great to ignore.

19. It is argued that university students should study a full range of subjects,
instead of some specific subjects. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

ADVANCED VERSION: Level 8.5-9

The idea of teaching university students only a few subjects is widely debated, with
many academics claiming that only when the curriculum entails a large array of
subjects, are youngsters likely to be well prepared for future challenges. In my
opinion, this proposition merits serious consideration.

To begin with, one of the most predominant aspects of studying a variety of subjects
at university is that it will instil in youngsters a wealth of cognisance (knowledge /
awareness) and expertise in numerous fields. Not only will this vast knowledge make
the young more capable to cope with any challenge their work is likely to entail, but it
will also help them excel in their career, thus making them preponderant in this
competitive job market. A bank clerk, for instance, is required to possess a number of
skills, from the fields of finance and accounting to other relevant areas such as
management and communication. Apparently, employees having colossal (extremely
large / massive /huge) knowledge in myriad fields are more likely to thrive and
remain ahead of their counterparts who have limited exposure in different spheres.

However, there are some pitfalls that can easily overwhelm the potential benefits of
studying a large range of subjects at university. The primary concern stems (be caused
by / originate in / arise from) from the fact that students will not attain an in-depth
knowledge on a particular stream, while learners of a certain subject will specialise in
their own field. Apparently, the likelihood of the latter's excellence in the given
subjects will increase, making them stand out. The society will also benefit from their
expertise enormously.

From what has been discussed, one can conclude that the benefits studying certain
relevant subjects at university offers may seem warranted, to some extent.
Nevertheless, the role different subjects play in making a youth consummate as well
as in helping them match the needs of a fast-changing and competitive society is
instrumental (active, influential, contributory ) indeed.

20. Learning a new language at an early age is helpful for children. Is it more
positive for their future aspect or have some adverse effects. Do you agree or
disagree? Give examples from your experience.

ADVANCED VERSION:

As far as learning a language is concerned, one of the most prevalent trends of

todays world is to teach children a second language at an early age. As such, with
its advantages come correlative negatives too some of which are equally as severe
as the upsides. In this essay, I will delineate them all with pertinent arguments
and examples.

Learning a second language in early childhood is of myriad benefits. The most

conspicuous one is that when it comes to picking up a language, a child is nimble,
adept, competent and what not, thanks to an extraordinary capability their brains
possess. Not only do children grasp the vocabulary, pronunciation, accent and other
aspects of the language more spontaneously, but they also use it widely worrying little
about making any mistake unlike their older counterparts, who rather feel shy to
practise it in the fear of making mistakes and feeling embarrassed. Needless to say,
all these merits stand a child in good stead, in terms of having a strong command
of a second language, thus benefiting them enormously.

However, there are some pitfalls that can easily overwhelm the potential benefits
of learning second languages in childhood. The primary one is that pushing
children to learn more than one language in such a tender age can contribute to
slowing down their overall learning process. As a consequence, their social and
communication skills can suffer. So can other relevant skills. Hence, it is apparent
why many academics are against a childs exposure to more than one language in
early childhood.
In view of the arguments outlined above, one can conclude that despite some
drawbacks, the benefits of learning a second language by children in early childhood
are indeed too great to ignore.

21. Is travel a necessary component of education? Will scholars sitting at home

have more knowledge than the one who travels?

Whether travelling should be deemed to be a part of education or one can still be a

scholar studying at home is a subject of discussion. As such, there are merits to both
sides of this debate although I am of the opinion that travelling is an integral part of
learning.

There are a myriad of arguments in favour of travelling as a source of education. The

most conspicuous one is that it enriches ones experience by offering invaluable
lessons about numerous facets of the world. Not only does it augment ones
knowledge about the outside world and the harsh reality it entails, but it also
contributes to broadening ones horizons. Needless to say, thanks to all these upsides,
a learner will stand in good stead, when it comes to attaining numerous skills required
to successfully interact with society.

Besides, sitting at home does not ensure ones successful acquisition of education.
While this is true that studying at home from books can undoubtedly increase ones
knowledge about certain subjects, it is only with the help of knowledge one gains
socialising with others that can serve the real purpose of education.

In view of the arguments outlined above, one can conclude that the significance of
travelling in learning is indeed too great to ignore.

22. In under developed countries, tourism has disadvantages and can be said the
opposite as well.

The role of an increased number of tourists in underprivileged nations is widely

debated, with many people claiming that it gives birth to greater concerns than the
upsides it has to offer. However, I do not entirely accept this and I will explain why in
this essay.

A number of benefits can be attributed to tourism. The most conspicuous one is that
in order to fulfil numerous requirements such as food, accommodation, transportation,
shopping and the like while they stay in a country, tourists have to spend a
considerable amount of money. It not only creates a deluge of jobs for local people,
but also contributes a great deal to improving the local economy. Needless to say,
thanks to all these merits, tourism undoubtedly stands a nation, be it impoverished or
affluent, in good stead, as far as augmenting its economy is concerned.

Another pivotal aspect of tourists is that they instil their culture, heritage and their
lifestyle in the local people. Unlike those countries which attract more tourists and so,
the people of the country have an exposure to other languages and cultures, thus
broadening their horizons, countries with few tourists are deprived of this didactic
value. Hence, it is apparent why many are in favour of encouraging tourism at a large
scale.
In view of the arguments outlined above, one can conclude that the benefits of
growing tourism are indeed too great to ignore.

23. Some people say that increased travels between countries bring more
disadvantages than advantage. Agree or disagree?

Whether an upsurge in international travelling in recent decades has offered greater

upsides than drawbacks is a matter of discussion, with many people claiming that the
demerits of this trend outweigh its merits. However, I do not entirely accept this and I
will explain why in this essay.

One of the most conspicuous (noticeable) aspects of increased international travels is

that it will augment (increase) the number of tourists, who will spend money on food,
accommodation, shopping and other amenities. Needless to say, the more money
tourists spend, the greater revenue it will generate for the government. Besides, an
upsurge in the number of travellers would also mean an influx (entry) in the number
of foreign entrepreneurs, who can collaborate with their local counterparts in
investing on a range of projects. This will inevitably open up a wealth of employment
opportunities for the unemployed, thus contributing to economy astronomically.

Another pivotal (crucial importance) facet (side) of a surge (increase suddenly) in

travelling Is a successful interaction of cultural values, ideologies, languages and
lifestyles. Far from giving birth to conflicts between diverse beliefs, this trend rather
renders an opportunity to learn from each other, contributing a great deal to enriching
one's experience and broadening one's horizons.

In view of the arguments outlined above, one can conclude that despite some of its
concerns, the role of increased travels is instrumental indeed, not only in helping the
local economy to thrive, but also in providing with an exposure to diverse cultural
values and ideologies

24. Communication has changed significantly in the last 10 years. Discuss the
positive and negative impacts of this change.

OR

Positive and negative effects of todays Communication

In recent years, there has been a dramatic change in the way people communicate
with each other, thanks to the advent of modern technology. As such, there are both
merits and demerits to this trend, which will be explored below.

There are myriad benefits of modern communication methods. The most conspicuous
one is that with the ubiquity of the Internet, now the world is connected more closely
than ever before. Not only has the Internet allowed people to easily keep in touch with
their friends and family, but it has also enabled businesses to conduct numerous
operations in almost all parts of the globe. There is no doubt that all these merits stand
people in good stead, when it comes to increasing ease, convenience, comfort and
efficacy in everything they do, be it in their personal life or their professional life.

However, there are some pitfalls that can overwhelm the potential benefits of modern
ways of communicating with people. The primary one stems from the fact that by
remaining dependent on technologies, people now no longer feel the need to meet
people face-to-face, which has greatly reduced ones social interaction. This has
undoubtedly created an unwelcome gap between people, even in the family members.
Hence, it is apparent why many are against modern ways of communication.

In view of the arguments outlined above, one can conclude that there are both benefits
and drawbacks of modern communication methods, both of which are indeed too
great to ignore.

25. Education is the biggest barrier in my learning- Einstein. What do you mean
by this? And do you think Einstein was correct in saying that.

ADVANCED VERSION: Level 8.5-9

The role of conventional ways of acquiring education is widely debated, with many
academics claiming that traditional academic studies hinder ones spontaneous
learning and so prove detrimental in the acquisition of education. However, I do not
entirely accept this and I will explain why in this essay.

The arguments in favor of academic education are myriad. The most conspicuous one
is that not every learner possesses extraordinary talent as prodigies like Albert
Einstein or William Shakespeare, who did not require a proper learning environment.
Instead, they enhance their knowledge spontaneously and did not require outside
pressure or a stereotyped curriculum. However, this is something that is applicable to
a handful of pupils. In general, in order to acquire knowledge successfully, learners
need a step-by-step procedure, which also varies according to their age. There is no
doubt that without strict rule setting and stringent discipline, most students will not
feel any pressure to study at all. Besides, frequent tests and exams are also essential to
insure that students have learnt their lessons properly. Needless to say, all these merits
will stand learners in good stead as far as effective learning is concern.

Another pivotal aspect of traditional education is that the curriculum is set in such a
way that by the time they finish their academic studies, students learn a variety of
subjects. They gain knowledge in such fields as science, commerce, arts and
literature. Apparently, learning a wide range of subjects will stand youths in good
stead, when it comes to extending their horizons, instilling essential values in them
and above all, honing their skills in numerous fields. There is no denying that without
a fixed guideline to follow, learners are bound to go astray, ruining their promising
future.

From what has been discussed, one can conclude that formal education complements
learning; the argument that claims conventional learning methods to be an
interference with real learning is ungrounded indeed.

26. Education is not a luxury, but a basic human right and as such should be free
for everyone, irrespective of personal wealth. To what extend do you agree or
disagree?

Advanced Version: Level 8+

There is no denying that education is of pivotal importance, in preparing a youth for
future challenges. Many academics, however, contend that it is the governments duty
to provide free education for all, regardless of their financial status. In my opinion,
this proposition merits little consideration and should be rejected as one can see
several strong elements against it.

There are a myriad of reasons why offering free education to all is not practicable.
First, this will involve astronomical expenditures on teachers, staff, books and other
logistics. Few governments, be it wealthy or poor can successfully afford these
colossal expenses without charging any fees. Apparently, the overall standard of
education is likely to deteriorate. What seems more pragmatic in this scenario is that
only the students from underprivileged backgrounds should be entitled to government
support. Not only will this step help impoverished families become solvent and self-
reliant, but it will also contribute a great deal to the development of a nation. This is
because the higher the literacy rate is, the more skilled the workforce is.

Another key facet of free education for all lies in the fact that thanks to the
governments enormous budget on education, infrastructure development in other
vital sectors such as health care, accommodation, transport and the like will suffer
immensely. As such, it will not benefit people as expected because people will enjoy
advanced facilities in one field but will be famished or deprived in the other, due to
the governments lack of a balanced approach in its expenditures.

From what has been discussed, one can conclude that ensuring education for all is a
prerequisite to the development of a nation. Nevertheless, offering it free to all, be it
haves or have-nots, is not a valid and pragmatic approach to achieving this goal, as it
engenders greater drawbacks than upsides.

27. Nowadays age discrimination in any company has become a common trend.
Do you think it is a positive or a negative development?

ADVANCED VERSION: LEVEL 8.5

One of the most conspicuous trends in todays corporate world is an increased bias in
favor of the youth, thanks to their age, flexibility and adaptability to modern working
environment. As such, there are both merits and demerits to this trend, although I am
of the opinion that the latter outdo the former.

This practice is of myriad drawbacks. On the one hand, no matter how energetic and
enthusiastic they are, with insufficient knowledge and exposure about their work,
young employees often find it hard to take right decisions based on their limited
experience unlike their senior counterparts. On the other, by having these vulnerable
and whimsical youths in place of the experienced employees that have wealth of
knowledge and expertise gained in their long haul career, a company will suffer
astronomically. It hardly needs mention that choosing young employees over
experienced ones is only likely to augment inefficiency and affect productivity.

Besides, training young employees would mean that the employers will have to spend
more time, money and resources, which can affect the generation of revenues
significantly. If modern technology is what senior employees lag behind in, they can
easily overcome this shortcoming by taking relevant training in their respective field.
From what has been discussed, one can conclude that with all the skills and invaluable
experience at work, old employees are equally as effective as their younger peers, if
not more. Therefore, the practice of discriminatory policies towards a specific age
group is ungrounded indeed.

28. Places where one grows up play a key role in ones success. Write about a
person who got accomplishments because of the place s/he grew up in.

OR

Many people think regions affect successful persons. What is your opinion about
native regions and accomplished person influence on the regions they belong to?

ADVANCED VERSION: LEVEL 9

There is no denying that where one is raised plays an instrumental role in contributing
to ones success. In this essay, I will elaborate the story of such a successful person
whose accomplishments can largely be attributed to the environment he was brought
up in. This person is Dr A.P. J. Abdul kalam, who became an eminent scientist as well
as the president of India.

There are a myriad of ways how Abdul Kalam benefited from the atmosphere he was
brought up in. The most conspicuous one is that both his parents were highly educated
with plenty of support in numerous forms. Not only did the congenial environment at
home motivate him to succeed, but the society he was raised in also had a role to play
in this regard. This is because people in his society were impoverished and
underprivileged, which encouraged him more to become something so that he could
bring a positive change in the lives of these destitute people. Needless to say, the
place one grows up in can stand one in good stead, in terms of achieving success.

Another pivotal aspect of Abdul Kalams life is that the suffering and hardship he
went through in childhood made him more capable to deal with the arduous and
cumbersome pressures of life in future. Unlike his other classmates, who did not take
motivation from their poverty and conceded defeat, Abdul Kalam always had a strong
determination from the start to become educated, famous and contribute to eradicating
poverty from society. It is apparent how his financial insolvency has made him a
warrior to change the world.

In view of the arguments outlined above, one can observe that the impact of the
ambience one grows up in is indeed too great to ignore, as far as attaining success in
life is concerned.

29. Some people think placing advertisements in schools are a great resource for
public schools that need additional funding, but others think it exploits
children by treating them as a captive audience for corporate sponsors.
Choose which positions you most agree with and discuss why you chose that
position. Support your point of view with details from your own experiences,
observations or reading.
The idea of placing adverts in schools in an effort to raise funds is widely debated,
with many people claiming that it is only likely to benefit businesses, not children.
My view coincides with this notion for a number of reasons.

The most conspicuous argument in favour of my viewpoint is that schools are the first
institutions that children learn the most important lessons of life from. During this
period, not only are they innocent, immature and naive, but they also have things
imprinted on their minds throughout their lives. Needless to say, their primary focus
during this stage is to gain knowledge, be it academic studies or moral and ethical
values. Exploiting these children to raise money for the school cannot be justified at
all. There is no doubt that the existence of billboards, placards and the like in school
premises will distract them from studies, ruin the learning environment and above all
go against the didactic purpose a school and all its activities should serve.

Besides, if a school requires additional funding for its maintenance and operation, it
could search for other alternatives that will not happen at the expense of a childs
learning environment.

In view of the arguments outlined above, one can conclude that the drawbacks of
placing advertisements in school premise are indeed too great to ignore.

30. Do you think consumer should avoid over packed products or it is

responsibility of producer to avoid extra packaging of products? Give your
views or any relevant example with your own experiences.

Over packaging of products has become a trend in today's competitive world.

Producers are trying to attract consumers with attractive packaging of their
products, not bothered about its negative impact not only on our environment
but the users as well. It should be the responsibility of the producers to limit
the wastage of the resources in the form of un-necessary packaging.

The cost of over packaging is actually added to the product sold. In fact, at
times it is seen the packing cost and durability is more that the product itself.
The type of packaging found in pharmaceutical industries can be taken as an
example here. Pills and tablets are found to be packed in much bigger and
colorful strips than needed. Does this increase the sale of medicine? No.
Such packaging is of no concern to the consumers. But, the cost of medicine
would have definitely been lesser if sold in a simple outlook.

Further, the material used is mostly non-disposable which adds to the

environmental pollution to a great extent. Snacks and other food items
packaged in eye-catchy shimmering colored packets are consumed in a large
scale by everybody. These packets are really difficult to dispose as they emit
poisonous gas if burnt and if not can be seen to contaminate water
somewhere. Producers should realize the importance of using materials like
paper and stick to simple packaging.

Packaging as seen increases the cost of the product and also makes our
environment unhealthy. So, this packaging boom should be checked on a
serious note by the producers. Moreover, the producers should be restricted
with predefined rules and parameters set by the government. It is also
recommended that an awareness among the users that quality of the product
is important rather than the attractive packaging.

Packaging ensures that people can buy and use products when they want them, in
good condition and with little wastage. However, many people think some goods
have too much packaging. Snacks intended to be eaten on the move are an example
of products where the consumer could easily assemble the components him/herself
without the need for packaging.

The packaged goods industry is highly competitive, and packaging manufacturers,

packaged goods producers and retailers are all under pressure to come up with new
and better packaging solutions. No business wants to spend more on packaging than
it has to and the fewer resources the packaging needs, the lower its cost.

Also, companies see to have gone overboard on packaging they put food in trays,
inside a box, inside a plastic container with with cardboard wrap around to explain
what it is. For instance, MacDonalds is the first to over-package their food and
encourage people to eat while walking hence they throw it on the street.


31. Nowadays TV has become an essential part of life. Medium to spread news
and for some it acts like a companion. What is your opinion about this?
The invention of Television around two decades back opened wide frontiers for
transmission of visual communication and awareness. Since then the research and
development on this has never paused, and today we have 3D and curved televisions
available as well. In fact, it will be hard to find any domestic family without watching
TV as a part of their daily life. It has helped in making the world a smaller place to
live in by making all sorts of shows, latest news update and information in all areas
via a wide range of channels.

Television provides a wide range to channels to choose from on tourism, travel,

foods, lifestyle, news, general knowledge, movies, music, reality show and many
more. In fact, the information is so useful that many people plan their holiday based
on a show on tourism, they try to cook new items by following the recipe shown,
become aware of all sorts of happenings in the world and least to mention the craze
about sports event.

For many, TV is almost indispensible as they believe it to be a friend, which is always

there when needed. Nowadays, TV is available with video games, quizzes, and other
interactive functions. It can be a good way to spend time with it, which is often
necessary when alone.

Television has influenced our lives so much that people watching daily soaps
specially, have a hangover of the show throughout the day. But, it is our duty to limit
anything in too excess. The benefits, which TV has brought into our daily lives are
indeed too great to ignore.
Television
1.Television is now playing a very important role in our lives.

2. Television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a

comparative cheap one.

3. Television keeps you informed about current events. It allows you to follow the
latest developments in science and politics.

4. Many television programs introduce people to things they never thought of before
and have never heard of before.

5. Television has been good company to those who do not work, like housewives,
lonely old people, etc.

6. People all around the world are no longer distant and isolated from each other.

7.It brings most distant countries and the strangest customs right into your living
room.

8. Compared with radio, everything on television is more lifelike, vivid, and real.

9. Television may be a vital factor in holding a family together.

10. Television keeps people informed of the news and weather. disasters like floods,
winds, etc.

Disadvantages

1.Television is a great time waster.

2. Television takes up too much of our time.

3.We no longer have enough time for hobbies, entertaining activities.

4.Other outside amusements like theaters, movies, sports, etc get ignored.

5. People have grown addicted to television, often neglecting the necessary and
more important things like meals, sleep, and even work.

6. The more the viewer watches television, the lazier they become. The TV glues
them to the set instead of allowing them to go out.

7. Television prevents people from communicating with each other.

8.It has done much harm to the relationship between family members.
9. Families sit and watch television at dinner instead of talking with each other

32. Parents should be held legally responsible for their childrens acts. What is
your opinion? Support it with personal examples.
Parents' intervention can heavily influence a child's personality and behaviour
development. It is an interesting subject of discussion whether parents should be
liable for their five-year-old child's lawoffending behaviour or even subject to
punishment. In my viewpoint, parents must be held responsible.

Unlike adults, children break the law in the absence of either incentive or motive.
Their acts are accidental and intuitive, signalling the accumulative effect of the
environment where they grow up. Children informative years are particularly
susceptible to whom they meet and what they see in their daily lives. For example,
their violent acts are very likely to reflect a mixed effect of their repeated exposure to
violence. Parents should therefore act as gatekeepers to prevent their children from
watching TV and playing video games, thereby negating the influence of media.
Once a child uses violence, it reveals that his or her parents have habitually failed to
fulfil those duties. For this reason, parents should be accountable for their child's
wrongdoing.

Another example to show parents' effect on their child's behaviour is that many
parents fail to set a positive role model. More often than not, parents have their own
behaviour problems (such as using violence in the face of their children). As children
have a natural ability to imitate others, their violent or unlawful behaviour is
potentially a replica of their parents'. That's why children with fine upbringing
normally show their courtesy and professional etiquettes in coping with real-life
problems, such as conflicts with others, while those children with poor upbringing are
more likely to act violently. People are thus not surprised to see that many young
delinquents had unhappy lives and felt discontented with their life circumstances in
which they grew up.

In general, 18 is the age when an individual starts to be legally responsible for his or
her acts. This is an age from which a child is ready to explore life him-or-herself and
assumes life responsibilities. For the most part they are allowed to vote, drive, drink
and smoke. They have sufficient experience, knowledge and competence for decision
making and reaching moral conclusions.

In conclusion, parents should be subject to punishment when their children violate the
law, in view of their tremendous influence on their child's behaviour. It is their
inescapable responsibility until their child comes of age.

1. liable = responsible = accountable

2. subject to = exposed to

3. in the absence of = lacking

4. accidental = unintentional = unplanned = inadvertent

5. intuitive = instinctive = spontaneous

6. signal = indicate

7. formative = impressionable

8. gatekeeper = guardian = protector = custodian

9. negate = counteract = reverse = wipe out

10. courtesy = politeness

11. discontented = dissatisfied = unhappy = displeased

12. for the most part = on the whole = principally

13. inescapable = inevitable

14. come of age = come to maturity = become an adult

33. Large shopping malls are replacing small shops. What is your opinion about
this? Discuss with appropriate examples.

Mall culture has become big business, as shopping malls have evolved into multi-
storied structures housing a large number of stores that sell diverse products and
services. Shopping malls house a collection of retail stores and restaurants

Parking is one of the major hassles for people who go into the city to shop. Shopping
at malls eliminates this problem, because parking is provided either free of charge or
for a nominal fee. This makes it advantageous for people to choose to shop at a mall
rather than a single store. Families who choose to visit a mall on the weekend or
holiday for a family outing find it to be a more convenient option mainly because
parking is provided

Visiting a mall is advantageous because of the numerous stores housed in one

complex. Groceries, clothes, shoes, reading material, food courts, cinemas and
entertainment arcades are available in one place. Malls make great meeting places for
friends to catch up over coffee at a caf or a meal at the food court.

One of the major disadvantages - These include excessive crowding, especially on

weekends and holidays. Crowded aisles and stores make shopping very difficult;
people often end up forgetting items they needed to buy. Parking can also be a
problem when the mall is very crowded.

The temptation to browse is always present, and browsing often leads to buying
things that are not needed. Keeping to a monthly budget becomes increasingly
difficult every time you visit the mall. With all the sales and special offers intended to
tempt buyers, saying "no" becomes very hard

34. Talk about the pros/cons of this era as is full of daily inventions.
In today's world, where just about everything is more convenient and accessible due
to advances in technology across almost all sectors, it may seem as though it's a
misnomer to even mention any disadvantages of technological advances. However,
despite how far technology has taken humans and no matter how convenient it may
make things, there are some disadvantages accompanying this level of access.

Technology advances show people a more efficient way to do things, and these
processes get results. For example, education has been greatly advanced by the
technological advances of computers. Students are able to learn on a global scale
without ever leaving their classrooms. Agricultural processes that once required
dozens upon dozens of human workers can now be automated, thanks to advances in
technology, which means cost-efficiency for farmers. Medical discoveries occur at a
much more rapid rate, thanks to machines and computers that aid in the research
process and allow for more intense educational research into medical matters.This
results in cost savings for business owners, allowing them to invest in growth in other
areas of the business, which contributes on a positive level to the economy as a
whole.

The more advanced society becomes technologically, the more people begin to
depend on computers and other forms of technology for everyday existence. This
means that when a machine breaks or a computer crashes, humans become almost
disabled until the problem is resolved. This kind of dependency on technology puts
people at a distinct disadvantage, because they become less self-reliant.

At the same time, human workers retain less value, which is a disadvantage of
technological advances. Because machines automate processes and do the work of 10
people with one computer, companies find they don't need to employ as many people
to get the job done. As machines and computers become even more advanced and
efficient, this will continue to be a growing disadvantage of technology and an issue
that has a global impact.