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FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF SOLIDS AND FLUIDS I

FALL 2009

Homework 8-solution
Instructor: Prof. K. J. Bathe Assigned: Session 23
TA: Seounghyun Ham Due: Session 25

Problem 1 (20 points):

a) static correction
p
R=R M i ri ( )
i=1

where p=1.
10 1 0 0.3029 9.0825
Therefore R=R M 1r1 = 3.029 =
0 0 2 0.6739 4.0825
s
Calculate KU =R using Gauss elimination.

s 2.1498 U 0.3029 2.1498

b)

4 -1 1 0 10
K= , M= , R=
-1 4 0 2 0

0 0
U=0 ;
U=0
Considering the eigenproblem, K =2 M

0.3029 T T
12 = 1.7753 , 1 = Note: i M j = ij , i K j = i2 ij
0.6739

 0.9531
22 = 4.2247 , 2 =
0.2142

Using U=X where = 1 2

+ 1 0 T 10 3.029
2

2
X X= = (1)
0 2 0 -9.531

The generalized solution for (1) is

3.029
Asin1t+Bcos1t+ 2
x
=
1 Asin1t+Bcos1t+1.7062
X= 1 =
x 2 Asin t+Bcos t+ -9.531 Asin2 t+Bcos2 t-2.2560
2 2
22

0 0
From U= U = 0 , X=0 and X=0

Using these initial conditions,

x1 1.7062(1-cos1t) 1.7062(1-cos 1.7753t)

0.3029 0.9531 1.7062(1-cos 1.7753t)

U 0.3029
0.9531
U= 1 = 1.7062(1-cos 1.7753t) + ( -2.2560 ) (1-cos 4.2247t)
U 2 0.6739 0.2142

Figure 1: Comparison of the results for the displacement U1 between (i) and (ii).

Figure 2: Comparison of the results for the displacement U2 between (i) and (ii).

Discussion:

One mode plus static correction solution :

U 0.5168 2.1498
U= 1 = (1-cos 1.7753t) +
U 2 1.1498 0.4832

Two mode solution:

U 0.5168 2.1502
U= 1 = (1-cos 1.7753t) + (1-cos 4.2247t)
U 2 1.1498 0.4832

In the one mode plus static correction solution, the static correction term shifts the displacements
in such a way that the mean of the displacements is about the mean of the solution using two
modes. However, here the two modes need clearly be used to obtain an accurate solution.

Problem 2 (10 points):

T
i C j =2i i ij (1)

C=M+K (2)

Substitute (2) into (1)

Ti ( M+K ) i =2i i

1 = 1.7753 , 2 = 4.2247 , 1 = 0.02 , 2 = 0.10

We obtain two equations for and .

+1.7753 = 0.0533

+ 4.2247 = 0.4111

= 0.206 , = 0.1461

C=-0.206M+0.1461K

Problem 3 (20 points):

a)

 4 1 0 2 0 0
1 3 1 = 0 2 1

0 1 4 0 1 2

p()=det ( K - M ) = 6 3 + 44 2 84 + 40 = 0

1 =0.723 , 2 =2 , 3 =4.6103

2.5540 1 0
For 1, 1 1.5540 1.7230 1
= 0
0 1.7230 2.5540

T
and 1
M 1 = 1

Therefore, 1
= [ 0.1832 0.4680 0.3157 ]
T

T T
Similarly for 2 and 3 with 2
M 2 = 3 M 3 = 1

T2
= [ 0.6708 0 0.2236]

T3
= [ 0.1282 0.6691 0.7190]

T T
We now show that i M j = ij and i K j = i2
ij
.

1
T M 2 = T2 M 1 = 0 ; 1T K 2 = T2 K 1 = 0

1
T M 3 = T3 M 1 = 0 ; 1T K 3 = T3 K 1 = 0

T2
M 3 = T3 M 2 = 0 ; T2 K 3 = T3 K 2 = 0

b)

Let x1 = [1 1 1] and find another another M- and K-orthogonal vector by inspection.

Let x 2 = [1 ]

 2 0 0 1

then x Mx 2 = [1 1 1] 0 2 1

T
1
=2+3+3 = 0 and
0 1 2

4 -1 0 1

x Kx 2 = [1 1 1] -1 3 -1

T
1 =3++3=0 .
0 -1 4

1 7
Therefore, = and = .
2 6

1 7
x1 = [1 1 1] and x 2 = 1
T T
are M- and K-orthogonal vectors but are not eigenvectors.
2 6

Problem 4 (20 points):

The starting vectors,

1 1
X1 = 1 0 .
1 1

The relation KX 2 =MX1 gives

0.925 0.4
X 2 = 1.7 0.4
1.175 0.6

Find K2 and M2.

T 10.475 2.2 T 14.2475 3.52

Hence,

 0.1926 0.6558
0.7267 0 0.2438 0.2714
2 = ; Q2 = and X 2 =
0.4473 0.0567
0 2.0205 -0.0821 1.0118 0.3357 0.2882

Proceeding similarly, we obtain the following results:

0.1842 0.6653
0.7231 0
X 3 =
0.4647 0.0256 ; 3 = 0
2.0039

0.3191 0.2512

After two iterations we have

0.1842

1 0.4647
; 1 0.7231
0.3191

0.6653

2 0.0256

; 2 2.0039
-0.2512

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2.092 / 2.093 Finite Element Analysis of Solids and Fluids I

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