York Pioneer Variable Refrigerant Flow System

IRFAN SYED
DP&C-Marketing
Content

Introduction to VRF systems

York Pioneer VRF principle

Inverter VRF principle

Comparison of York VRF system vs. Inverter VRF system

Features and Benefits of York Pioneer VRF system

System Over view of York Pioneer VRF system.
What is VRF? VRF Definition

VRF Variable Refrigerant Flow

Three major types VRF:
Inverter VRF
Multi-speed VRF (By-pass)
Digital scroll VRF

Two major components for VRF

system modulation:
Variable Compressor, modulate
the capacity according to the load.
Electrical Expansion Valve: adjust
the refrigerant distribution
York Pioneer VRF
Fast Cooling/ Heating
Better Comfort

 System control is based

on pressure optimization
 Large capacity start-up
to reach optimized
pressure fast, thus to
provide fast cooling/
heating especially at part
load conditions
Emergency Running @ Indoor Power Off (partly)

Few indoor power off

Indoor unit with power off:

wait for service

Wait for Wait for

service service
Other indoor unit:
Emergency running

Note: its just for short term running for emergency, need
to recover the power supply or provide service ASAP.
 How to Match Load Requirements?
VRF Modulation Principle
Indoor Load Matching

Indoor has a EXV ( Electronical Expansion Valve) to adjust the

superheat of the indoor coil to match the indoor load requirements.

Outdoor Load Matching

Adjust the compressor capacity to match
the total indoor load. When total indoor
load rises, the suction pressure will be
increased accordingly in cooling mode.
Just add the compressor capacity to
match the load.
Digital Scroll Principles- Simulation
Disengaging Solenoid

Discharge
Connection

Suction
Connection

New Scroll Modulation Concept

Enabled By Copeland Compliant Scroll
10~100% Continuous Capacity
Excellent Performance
Digital Scroll Modulation How It Works
Digital Scroll Principles- Compressor loading
PWM Valve Off
PWM Signal
Compressor is loading
High Pressure

Low pressure

Discharge

Fixed
Scroll

Orbiting
Scroll Suction
Digital Scroll Principles- Compressor
unloading
Connect to low pressure side, became low
pressure Area PWM Valve
Compressor unloading
Pressure difference
between piston two side
will drive itself upward

None discharge

None suction
Digital Scroll Principles
- Loaded State (1); Unloaded State (0)

Scroll Separates
By 1 MM

Loaded State (1) Unloaded State (0)

100% Capacity 0% Capacity

Example: 20% Capacity Example: 50% Capacity

100% 100%

0% 0%

2s 8s 5s 5s
cycle time from 10 sec to 20 sec according to different capacity output.
Digital Scroll Principles- Reliability
Reliability of Digital Scroll System --CFM Test
- High pressure ratio test
2000 hrs, exame the lubricate system/ high temp. state
- Heavy load test
2000 hrs, exame high temp. / high pressure state
- Start/Stop test
520,000 times, exame the affect of vibration
- High-point state test
200 times start/stop test under every margin corner within operation area, 30
minutes each time, repeat 4 times, total 2000 hrs.
- Spare life test
Life of Solenoid valve: 40,000,000 times, equal to 30 years employ life
Principle of Inverter driven VRF system

Outdoor Board Power Supply IPM Power Module Capacitor Bank

Inverter System Architecture

 Significant Electronic & Mechanical Architecture Complexity

 Technology Complexity Has Limited The Adoption Globally
 Susceptible To Challenges Of Emerging Markets
Challenges Of Serviceability, Voltage Fluctuations, High Ambient,
Dust Etc
York Pioneer VRF-Simplified Control
RELIABILTY

Compared with conventional VRF units, YORK pioneer VRF system adopt new
variable capacity technology, eliminating the problematic AC-DC converter,
making the system design and controls compact.

Inverter VRF
YOR Pioneer VRF
System
system

16
Low Speed/ Pressure Vessel Compressor-
RELIABILTY Long Compressor Life
2900RPM

Slow Cylinder

Good
Abrasion

Low Temp. Vessel

Inverter High Pressure

Vessel Compressor
Long Motor
Life
Digital Low Pressure
Vessel Compressor

>5000RPM

Fast Cylinder
Abrasion

High Temp. Vessel

Short Motor
Life
 Good EMC Performance
RELIABILTY

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) performance of York Pioneer

VRF system is much better than inverter VRF system.
York Digital Scroll VRF System Inverter VRF System

1. No inverter module which will 1. Inverter module will generate high frequency
generate high frequency harmonics. harmonics which makes EMC performance bad.
Its superior electromagnetic 2. Need extra components to reduce
compatibility means it will not electromagnetic interference, which reduce the
interfere with precise instruments, reliability and cant be detected after malfunction.
therefore increasing safety and
reliability.

Although not compulsory, York R410A VRF was tested

by 3rd party and passed EMC requirement
Complexity comparison
York Pioneer VRF system Vs Inverter VRF
system York Pioneer VRF Inverter VRF
Devices system system

Microprocessor Single Multiple

Electronic valves Single Multiple
Hot gas by pass valve Not Required Required
Liquid bypass valve Not Required Required
Oil separator Not Required Required
Electronic Magnetic No Yes
Interference
 Advantage of York Pioneer VRF system
Major Problems York Pioneer VRF system Inverter system
 Superior Technology allows less oil X Oil return is very
to leave from compressor at low complicated cycle with
Oil Return capacities. a time of 8 mins ending
Major Issue in  Compressor operates at full conditions with inverter
Variable capacity capacity during the loaded cycle and compressor at 124Hz
Evaporator the gas velocity during this cycle is and Indoor EXV at
system. sufficient to return oil back to 200pls.
compressor

Dehumidification  York Pioneer VRF system provides X In Inverter system

Very Essential for exemplary dehumidification when compressor
Indoor comfort performance because of digital operates at low
compressor works at full capacity frequency, the mass
which results in lower average suction flow rate reduces which
pressure and lower SHF. results in high suction
pressure which in turn
leads to HSF.
 Features & Benefits
1 Energy Saving 2 Flexible Design &
Installation

3 Superior Comfort

5 High
Reliability
4 Intelligent Control
1. Energy Saving

1. General Power Loss:

York VRF System has no conversion in the power characteristics es line voltage
For DC Inverter, the thermal heat loss of inverter power module (8%) + inverter conversion loss
(5%) = Total power loss of inverter VRF system is about 13%
2. Part Load Condition

Capacity modulation range of York digital scroll VRF system is 10%-100%.

Normal inverter compressors capacity modulation range is 33%-107%.

3. High Ambient/ High Load Operation

York digital scroll VRF system can operate properly under high ambient/ high load conditions.
Since the compressor speed is constant
For inverter VRF system, the discharge temperature will rise rapidly under high speed operation,
and liquid refrigerant cooling is necessary to protect the compressor and reduce the efficiency at
the same time.
2. Flexible Design & Installation

Flexible selection
One outdoor unit can drive up to 48 indoor units (model 340 and above), and
no matter what the room size or structure, there is always a flexible combination.
Total indoor unit capacity could be 50% to 130% of the outdoor unit capacity,
which make the selection more flexible.
3. Superior Comfort

Wider Capacity Output Range

110
100 100%
90
80
York Digital Scroll DX
70
% Capacity

System
60
50 Inverter System
40
30
20 10%
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
% Modulation
3. Superior Comfort
Fast Cooling/Heating: The refrigerant direct expansion system, together
with the digital scroll capacity control, quickly adjusts the room temperature to
the desired setting increasing your comfort level.

Accurate Temperature Control: The 10-100% capacity control can

instantly meet load demand for either heating or cooling, to improve comfort
levels.
3. Superior Comfort

Better Dehumidifying Performance: Compared with the conventional

inverter control system, Pioneer series digital scroll VRF products can operate
at lower evaporating temperature with higher dehumidifying capacity, thus
continue to provide superior comfort throughout the humid rainy season.
3. Superior Comfort
YORK Nano-TiO2 Indoor Disinfection Technology
YORK is both a pioneer and industry leader in the use of nano-grade TiO2
in airside systems for air conditioning.
The TiO2 photocatalyst kills bacteria, and does not merely filter them.
Its long-life nano-light lasts 8,000 hours under normal conditions.
4. Intelligent Control
Wired controllers are available as standard for ceiling concealed
& cassette indoor units.
Wireless controllers are optional to ceiling concealed & cassette
indoor units and standard for wall mount indoor units.
The controls are microprocessor based and provide for a user
interface.
Wired Controller

Simple centralized controller is optional

All on/off
Timer
Zone setting
Remote control Wireless Controller
Integration to BMS/BAS system through Modbus. BACNet/LON
interface.
5. High Reliability
With advanced design and specially selected components, all models
are designed for operation in ambient conditions up to 125F (52C).

The components of York digital scroll VRF are more simplified than
inverter VRF system, which makes it more reliable.
I
Y
N O
VYork VRF R
Systems series uses the advanced oil return logic, solenoid K
Evalves and oil receiver. The oil is balanced & distributed to every
V
Rcompressor.
R
TPatent pending (200810161327.1) advanced oil return technology
F
EPatent pending (200820140042.5) special check valve:
R
York VRF Systems does not generate high frequency harmonics. Its superior
EMC rating means it will not interfere with precise instruments, therefore
increasing safety and reliability.
York Pioneer VRF System Overview

Refrigerant: R410A
Available in Heat pump and
cooling only
Suitable Ambient
T1 conditions
T3 conditions
System Overview T1 Outdoor Unit Combinations
Type of Capacity and Combination Max #
Outdoor Model
Unit 80 100 120 140 160 of
YDOH(C)xxEV Variable indoor
Basic Model units
V-0C1 Unit
YDOH180 32
YDOH200 32
YDOH220 32
YDOH240 32
YDOH260 32
YDOH280 32
YDOH300 32
Combined YDOH320 32
Models YDOH340 48
YDOH360 48
YDOH380 48
YDOH400 48
YDOH420 48
YDOH440 48
YDOH460 48
YDOH480 48
System Overview T3 Outdoor Unit Combinations

Type of Capacity and Combination

Outdoor Model Max #
Unit 80 100 120 140 of
YDOH(C)xxEVV- Variable indoor
Basic Model units
0C3 Unit
YDOH180 32
YDOH200 32
YDOH220 32
YDOH240 32
YDOH260 32
YDOH280 32
Modular Units YDOH300 48
YDOH320 48
YDOH340 48
YDOH360 48
YDOH380 48
YDOH400 48
YDOH420 48
 System Overview Indoor Unit Nomenclature

Y D CC 036 C 0 F L E A 0 C 3
1: Export T1
3: Export T3
Y: YORK
Design Series No.
D: VRF C: R410A
Design Code
Indoor Unit Type
CC: Ceiling Concealed Power Supply
CK: Ceiling Cassette A:220V/1-50Hz
Expansion Device
Cooling Capacity Code E: Internal; O: External

C: Cooling Only Piping

L: Left R: Right
H: Heat Pump
Return Plenum
Auxiliary Electric Heater N: None
0None B: With Back Return Plenum
2With No. 2 Electric Heater D: With Bottom Return Plenum
F: With Filter Box and Filter
VRF Testing Facilities

Height
Difference
Reliability Test

45kW test lab 52

reliability Field reliability
180kW test lab test lab test
Indoor Units

1.8 2.0 2.5 3.4 4.5

Ducted

Compact design with plenum 5.3 6.6 7.8 9.5 11.5

ESP adjustable

Wired controller & filter as std 14 17

4-way Cassette 2.8 3.6 4.6 5.6 7.2

Fresh air inlet

Wired controller, water pump & 9.0 11.0 13.0
11.0
filter as std

High wall 3.2 5.3 7 kW)

(Unit

Wireless controller as std
Outdoor Basic models and combination

Basic Models

Combined Models
Multi-speed Indoor Motor
Ducted
The YDCC ceiling concealed indoor units adopt multi-speed motor technology
and allows the external static pressure to be controlled according to different
applications. Therefore, it avoids the noise caused by high pressure and
insufficient cooling due to low pressure, bringing you a comfortable and peaceful
environment.
The ESP can be adjusted to 0/15/30Pa (models 07 to 18), 15/40/80Pa (models
25 to 45) and 15/50/100Pa (models 50 & 60) in field.
Extra 5Pa (07-18, Nylon filter) or 12Pa (25-60, Aluminum filter) pressure drop
will be caused by the filter.
Competitors Low Static Indoor
+
YORK YDCC = Competitors Medium Static Indoor
+
Single Series Competitors High Static Indoor
Three Series

37
Better Heating with Electric Heater Option

Ducted

4-way Cassette
Flexibility

The longest equivalent pipe is 175m

150m
50m Height difference between indoor and
15m outdoor 50m

Height difference between indoor units

15m
 Control System Overview

OR
Indoor Unit1
Wire
1#Unit
Controller
Service Simple
controller Centralized Max 16
Controller
Max 3 Indoor Unit2 Max 4

Outdoor network

Indoor network Indoor Unit3

DCU 2#Unit

Modbus Receiver
RS485 Indoor Unit16
3#Unit
Transmitter
A refrigerant system can only use a simple centralized controller
Service controller and Simple centralized controller can not be
accessed to outdoor network at the same time
40
TiO2 Option Better Comfort

YORK Nano-TiO2 Indoor Disinfection Technology

 YORK is both a pioneer and industry leader in the use of nano-
grade TiO2 in airside systems for air conditioning.
 Research results from the Detection Centre of Microbiology,
Guangdong, PRC, show that its disinfection efficiency after 6
hours is well over 95%.
 TiO2 photoca
 talyst kills bacteria, and does not merely filter them.
 Its long-life nano-light lasts 8,000 hours under normal conditions.

Duct type TiO2 sterilizer

which can be installed in the
return duct
Control System Overview
Features & Benefits of Indoor Units
Touch Screen Wired Controller
 System Overview Indoor line Up

Cooling Capacities kW
Types
1.8 2.2 2.8 3.6 4.5 5 5.6 6.3 7.1 8 9 10 11.2 12.5 14 16
Low Static Duct
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
(YDCP)
Medium Static
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Duct (YDCC)
4-Way Cassette
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
(YDCK)
High Wall
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
(YDHW)
Floor/ Ceiling
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
(YDEC)

Floor Conceal
Y Y Y Y
(YDVC)

2-Way Cassette
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
(YDDK)

Round Way
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Cassette (YDCK)
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