Daybreak Prov Eccl Song Psalms

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Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon, Psalms

Proverbs 1:1-33 Psalms 1:14:8 Psalms 81:183:18
Proverbs 2:13:35 Psalms 5:17:17 Psalms 84:186:17
Proverbs 6:1-35 Psalms 10:113:6 Psalm 89:1-52
Proverbs 8:19:18 Psalm 18:1-50 Psalms 92:194:23
Proverbs 17:118:24 Psalms 33:134:22 Psalm 106:1-48
Proverbs 21:3122:16 Psalm 37:1-40 Psalms 108:1109:31
Ecclesiastes 1:12:26 Psalms 58:160:12 Psalms 120:1123:4
Ecclesiastes 7:1-29 Psalms 67:168:35 Psalms 135:1136:26
Song of Solomon 1:12:17 Psalms 75:177:20 Psalms 147:1150:6
Song of Solomon 3:16:3 Psalm 78:1-72
Song of Solomon 6:48:14 Psalms 79:180:19
Daybreak is a personal Bible study continuum for the high school and adult levels. Scripture references are taken from the King James Version
of the Bible. A companion series of Sunday school lessons, titled Discovery, is also available. All of the material is available on our website, as
well as in printed form. The print version is designed as a tear apart, to be stored in a binder; subsequent modules can then be easily inserted.
Daybreak is an official publication of the Apostolic Faith Church. All rights are reserved.
Apostolic Faith Church 6615 SE 52nd Avenue Portland, Oregon 97206-7660, U.S.A. www.apostolicfaith.org
DAYBREAK
Section Introduction
Overview for Proverbs

Purpose: To give maxims, practical advice, and The book is built around the theme of wisdom;
counsel of a moral nature to the Hebrew people, in- the words wise and wisdom occur at least 125 times
structing them on how to conduct themselves in light in its 31 chapters. The wisdom extolled goes far be-
of Gods principles of order. yond just a high degree of intelligence; it is based
Author: Internal evidence names King Solomon as upon moral virtue, and is synonymous with righ-
the primary author (see Proverbs 1:1; 10:1; 25:1). teousness. Perhaps the greatest error in a correct un-
The men of Hezekiah (Proverbs 25:1) seemingly derstanding of Proverbs comes when the maxims are
compiled the material found in chapters 25 through regarded as mere secular commentary rather than di-
29, and the final chapters were contributed by Agur vinely-inspired instruction.
and Lemuel. Setting: In the society of ancient Israel, the family
Date Written: Probably over a period of time during played an important role in the upbringing and educa-
Solomons reign, approximately 970 to 931 B.C. tion of children. Some internal evidence suggests that
the Proverbs were used in a family setting; the phrase
History: During Solomons reign, the nation of Israel my son appears some twenty times throughout the
reached its apex spiritually, politically, culturally, and book, while the role of the mother is alluded to ten
economically. As Israels reputation spread, so did times. Although wisdom is the primary theme of the
King Solomons, and dignitaries from throughout the book, it covers a wide range of topics based on com-
known world traveled great distances to learn from mon experiences in the everyday world: morality and
the wisdom of this monarch. In 1 Kings 4:29-34, immorality, diligence and sloth, self-control and in-
Solomon is credited with writing three thousand temperance, wealth and poverty, child discipline, and
proverbs and over one thousand songs. discernment in choosing friends.
Key Verse: The fear of the Lord is the beginning Summary: Unlike many other books of the Bible,
of knowledge: but fools despise wisdom and instruc- there is no plot or storyline found in the Book of
tion. ( Proverbs 1:7) Proverbs, nor are there principal characters. Through-
Special Features: The Book of Proverbs is a col- out the book, wisdom is compared and contrasted
lection of moral and philosophical statements and with foolishness, and the wise (or righteous) man
wise sayings which employ contrasta common with the fool (one who is devoid of morality and un-
Semitic literary deviceto present its message. interested in correction). The wisdom of Proverbs
Other literary techniques incorporated in the book rightly places God at the center of mans life, and
include parables, pointed questions, poetic couplets, establishes that even in down-to-earth matters, true
and personification. wisdom is living in harmony with His divine purpose.
Outline Hannahs Bible Outlines used by permission per WORDsearch.
A complete amplified outline of this book is available on our website at www.apostolicfaith.org.
I. Introduction (1:1-7)
A. The author of the book (1:1)
B. The purpose of the book (1:2-4)
C. The theme of the book (1:5-7)
II. The superiority of the way of wisdom (1:89:18)
A. The teachings of wisdom (1:8-33)
B. The value of wisdom (2:1-22)
C. The rewards of wisdom (3:1-35)
D. The advice of wisdom (4:1-27)
E. The warnings of wisdom (5:17:27)
F. The worthiness of wisdom (8:1-36)
G. The invitation of wisdom (9:1-18)
III. The sayings of the way of wisdom (10:131:31)
A. The 375 proverbs of Solomon (10:122:16)
B. The words of the wise (22:1724:34)
C. The words of Solomon arranged by the men of Hezekiah (25:129:27)
D. The words of Agur (30:1-33)
E. The words of Lemuel (31:1-31)
DAYBREAK
Proverbs 1:1-33
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS BACKGROUND

The fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge: A proverb can be defined as a concise saying that
but fools despise wisdom and instruction. gives advice or a practical principle. The Book of
Proverbs is a collection of these, mostly written and
(Proverbs 1:7)
assembled by King Solomon. God met with him one
The last two years of high school and the following night after he had presided over an immense sacrifice
four in college were defining years in my life. Though to the Lord in Gibeon (see accounts in 2 Chronicles
I had little religious background, part way through 1 and 1 Kings 3). When asked what reward he would
high school I understood enough about the Gospel to like from God, rather than riches or honor, Solomon
yield my life to the Lord. As I began to live for Him, requested wisdom so that he would know how to
Christian role models were critically important to me. lead Gods people. God was so pleased with this
One person who had a great influence on my life was a response that He blessed Solomon with great wisdom,
man in our church we called Brother Mike. enabling him to acquire a vast amount of knowledge
By the time I knew him, Mike was an elderly concerning the world in which he lived and giving
gentleman. Because he had been born in another him the ability to apply it astutely.
country, he spoke with a thick accent and had The first chapter of Proverbs sets the tone for the
difficulty reading English. He worked as a janitor in entire book. Verses 1-7 indicate that Proverbs was
the local high school, where I am confident he did a intended to educate, and those of any age or gender
conscientious job. can profit by the instructions in this book. King
Unquestionably my college professors and even Solomon wanted his people to know wisdomto
many of my fellow students had more academic acquire it, not just to be aware of it. The four terms in
knowledge than Mike. Yet he possessed wisdom: he verse 3wisdom, justice, judgment, and equityare
reverenced God and had committed his life to Him. different aspects of truth, a quality which God values
When we met at church, he invariably had a big smile. highly. Verse 7 has been considered a key text for the
He spent much time in prayer and testified often of whole book. In it, the fear of the Lord means to
the joy he felt in his heart. Many around me were have awe and reverence for God.
searching for meaning in lifegenerally in all the Practical teaching begins in verses 8-9 with an
wrong placesbut Mike had found it in Christ. exhortation to heed the guidance of ones parents,
My final memory of Mike is especially poignant. and a promise of benefit for doing so. Verses 10-19
During a Sunday evening service, he suddenly suffered describe the lawless who try to entice others to join
a serious heart attack. Several of the men carried him them. Robbery was common in the land of Israel
to a back room, while the rest of us went to prayer. through all the years of its history, and often there
In just a short time, he left this world for a far better was no regard for the lives of the innocent. Great
place. and quickly-acquired wealth was the lure. However,
Todays focus verse says that the fear of the the writer said such people were setting a trap for
Lord is the beginning of knowledge: but fools despise themselves. Even birds are able to avoid a net put out
wisdom and instruction. Mike did not have much to snare them, but the evil people described would be
formal education, so some may have assumed he was caught because of their greediness.
not very smart. However, he had the kind of wisdom Wisdom is often personified as a woman in the
that is of eternal value because he reverenced the Book of Proverbs, and verse 20 is the first time this
Lord and obeyed His Word. Meanwhile, many of my literary technique is used. In verses 20-23, wisdom
fellow students and teachers seemingly had no concern earnestly calls for people to heed her. She calls the
for Gods wisdom and instruction, which made them simple ones (those who listen to both good and
foolish in Gods sight. evil), the scorners (those who defy God and scoff at
Love for God and a determination to follow His godliness), and fools (those who have hardened their
teaching are attitudes that will benefit us now and hearts and are stubborn). Her call is universalit
throughout eternity. Mike knew that, and he is now in goes out to everyone.
Heaven, experiencing eternal rewards. Lets follow his Verses 24-33 show the results of refusing to heed
example, and make sure our focus is on acquiring true wisdom. The determination not to follow wisdoms
wisdom. counsel promises sure disaster. The implied spiritual
application is that those who refuse to heed Gods 3. Besides having a sound knowledge of what God
call to yield to Him will one day regret their decision. requires, what follow-through on our part might God
In the last verse of the chapter, wisdom promises want?
blessings to those who will abide by her instructions.
AMPLIFIED OUTLINE Hannahs Bible Outlines
Used by permission per WORDsearch
I. Introduction (1:1-7)
A. The author of the book (1:1)
B. The purpose of the book (1:2-4)
C. The theme of the book (1:5-7)
II. The superiority of the way of wisdom
A. The teachings of wisdom (1:8-33)
1. The exhortation to listen to wisdom
(1:8-9)
2. The warning against evil companions
(1:10-19) CONCLUSION
3. The invitation to wisdom (1:20-33) A proper reverence for God and obedience to His
a. The call of wisdom (1:20-23) instructions will start us down the path of acquiring
b. The dangers of rejecting wisdom true knowledge.
(1:24-33)
NOTES
A CLOSER LOOK
1. Who will hear and increase learning?
2. What are some of the advantages of heeding the

instructions of godly parents?
DAYBREAK
Proverbs 2:1 through 3:35

Happy is the man that findeth wisdom, and Proverbs chapters 1-9 are thought to be
the man that getteth understanding. For the specifically addressed to the young men of Israel.
merchandise of it is better than the merchandise While both chapters in todays text begin with my
of silver, and the gain thereof than fine gold. son, Solomon was not only speaking to his own
(Proverbs 3:13-14) offspring, but to all those under his rule in Israel.
Chapter 2 gives instruction on how the wisdom
In the mid-1800s, James Marshall was contracted of God will bring protection to those who seek
to build Sutters Mill in Coloma, California. When after Him. Effort must be made in order to receive
the mill was nearly completed, it was found that the the blessing of Gods knowledge, and the first four
tailrace, which allowed the mill water to flow back verses lay out a formula for seeking Gods wisdom.
into the South Fork of the American River, was not Action words such as receive, hide, incline, apply,
working correctly and had to be made deeper and cry, lift, seek, and search make it clear that this
wider. On January 24, 1848, while inspecting the endeavor is not to be taken lightly. In the original
tailrace, Marshall spotted shiny yellow flakes in the language, the word heart (verse 2) referred to the
waterhe had found gold! Although Marshall and intellect and will in addition to feelings, so the whole
his associates tried to keep their discovery a secret, the of a person is to be involved in this action. Verse 5
news leaked out, and the California Gold Rush of the relates the outcome for one who exerts such effort:
late 1840s and 1850s began. he will understand the fear of the Lord and find the
Soon, gold was found in other parts of California knowledge of God.
as well, and people from outside the region started The remainder of the chapter describes what
making their way to the state to seek their fortune. God will protect from. Verse 12 tells of an evil man
They came by land and by boat, some from thousands whose words are froward, which means perverse or
of miles away, all hoping to strike it rich. The journey crooked. Verses 16 and 17 tell of a strange woman
was difficult and dangerous, yet eighty thousand who flatters with words but whose ways lead to
people came to California in the year of 1849 alone! death. Both of these individuals attempted to lead the
Though gold worth billions in todays dollars was follower of God astray through their words, but verse
eventually found, only a few individuals became 11 makes it clear that discretion and understanding
wealthy. Most of those who came seeking gold had will protect one from being deceived.
very little to show for their efforts in the end. Chapter 3 relates how Gods wisdom brings
In todays focus verses, Solomon told his listeners direction to the paths of those who follow Him.
that wisdom and understanding were worth more than Verses 1, 3, and 5 are an admonition to apply Gods
fine gold. In our society, people typically seek wisdom Word and wisdom to the heart. To bind it about
in a variety of ways. However, like the prospectors thy neck is to keep it close, so that it is readily
who came to California during the Gold Rush, most of available. This indicates a need to go beyond
them do not succeed in their quest, for true wisdom is knowledge that is only in the mind. Gods wisdom
found only in God. does a work on the soul of the person who applies it.
Gods wisdom is essential in the walk of a Again, Solomon laid out a formula for how to receive
Christian. He will help us make decisions both Gods wisdom and benefit from it, this time using
inconsequential and life-changing. Whether we seek an if then structure. If a person does what is
His guidance concerning a small matter such as admonished, then God will respond with positive
how to respond to an abrasive co-worker, or a major results.
decision such as whom to marry, we will find He Both chapters 2 and 3 use a metaphor comparing
gladly gives wisdom and understanding to those who searching for treasure with searching for wisdom.
seek for it in Him. Solomon indicated that sinful men will lust after the
Ultimately, gaining and applying Gods wisdom treasures of this world, but the heart of the righteous
leads to eternal life, which is the greatest treasure will seek those things that are above. Both chapters
we will ever find. When we dig into Gods Word and promise many blessings to those who seek Gods
spend time on our knees in prayer, God will be faithful wisdom, and both end with warnings of destruction
to give us the wisdom and understanding we need. and shame to the wicked and foolish.
Used by permission per WORDsearch 3. Chapter 3 lists many benefits for the one who seeks
and finds Gods wisdom. What are some of those
benefits you personally have experienced?
B. The value of wisdom (2:1-22)
1. The conditions of obtaining wisdom
(2:1-4)
2. The benefits of wisdom (2:5-22)
C. The rewards of wisdom (3:1-35)
1. The rewards of wisdom (3:1-12)
2. The superiority of wisdom (3:13-20)
3. The application of wisdom (3:21-35)
a. The promise of blessing (3:21-26)
b. The obligations of wisdom to ones
neighbor (3:27-35)
A CLOSER LOOK
CONCLUSION
1. Proverbs 2 and 3 use many action verbs to urge the
reader to find Gods wisdom. What are some of these? Seeking for Gods wisdom in our lives is not a
casual activity. When we put the time and effort into
our search for Gods wisdom, we will find the benefits
and blessings are immeasurable and eternal!
NOTES
2. Solomon compared seeking and finding Gods
wisdom to seeking and finding earthly treasure. What
is the Christians method of digging for Gods
wisdom?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS he referred to as wisdom, good doctrine, and

understandingfrom our fathers and other
Take fast hold of instruction; let her not go: keep godly elders. He reflected back on his own fathers
her; for she is thy life. (Proverbs 4:13) encouragement to seek wisdom above all else, and
clearly wanted to impart that same principle to his
Vera Maksimova was born in Ukraine on January
hearers.
1, 1930. When she was three years old, her mother
Obtaining wisdom will require resolve and
abandoned her, so she was left with her father and
determination. We must purpose to hear the
grandmother. Ten years later, she and her grandmother
instruction and then follow through on what we
received a notice that her father, who had been serving
hear. And we must consider the acquisition of
in the military, was missing in action and presumed
understanding to be worth a lifetime of effort and
dead.
unbroken vigilance. According to Solomon, the
Although Vera grew up during troublesome
benefits of doing so are many. In our text, he points
political times in the Soviet Union, her grandmother
out that wisdom will preserve and keep us, and
taught her about Christianity. Church services
will bring the favor of God and man. It will build
were held in homes of believers who risked losing
a reputation for good judgment, offer protection,
everythingtheir homes, jobs, families, and
promote health and vitality, and will result in a
freedomfor their belief in God. At the age of
long and blessed life. Surely those results are worth
seventeen, Vera was walking home after one of the
striving for, and Vera experienced them.
services and praying silently when overwhelming
We, too, can purpose to listen and learn, and then
peace and love filled her heart. She knew at that
create a legacy of godly wisdom that we will be able
moment that she was saved. She continued on with
to pass on to the generations who follow us.
the Lord, seeking holiness, and then receiving the
infilling of the Holy Spirit. Because of religious
persecution, she was water baptized in a river at night, BACKGROUND
although it was late fall and brutally cold. The instruction in chapter 4 is divided into two
God made it possible for Vera to attend and distinct sections, each dealing with the supreme
graduate from medical college, and she was able to importance of wisdom. In the first section, verses
work as an emergency room nurse practitioner for 1-9, the author reflected on his fathers teachings
forty-seven years. She married a Christian man, and and recalled the parental guidance and doctrine he
they had four children, but when she was fifty-five had received in a loving home environment. While
years old, her husband was killed in a car accident. presenting the necessity of parents to instruct the
Vera continued to trust God, and in 1997, younger generation, the emphasis is directed toward
immigrated to Portland, Oregon, where she mastered the youth, with the purpose of impressing upon them
English. She became acquainted with our church and the importance of obtaining wisdom. Repetition of the
loved volunteering in our mailing department. She verb get in verses 5 and 7 is significant, as the dual
also enjoyed Sunday school and church services. usage makes the injunction more emphatic.
However, the challenges of life were not all behind In the second section, verses 10-27, one of
her; she had a bout with cancer. In the face of Proverbs most dominant metaphors is employed: the
suffering and pain, she held on to what she had been illustration of a path. Two possible paths of life are
taught. She had a peaceful attitude and radiant smile, set forth in sharp contrast to one anotherthe way
and was loved by all who knew her until God took her of wisdom, and the ruinous path of the unrighteous.
to be with Him in 2011. The picture is developed through a variety of carefully
Vera took fast hold of instruction and indeed, chosen words which extend the metaphor. These
it was her life. She heeded the teachings of her godly include verbs such as led, go, run, stumble, enter,
grandmother, and passed this heritage on to her pass by, turn, and fall. Within the ongoing theme of
children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren. a path, two specific pitfalls are highlighted: violence
She understood that there are spiritual guidelines (verses 10-17) and dishonesty (verses 20-27).
which we must observe for our souls welfare or Also in this second group of verses, the teacher
protection. In todays text, Solomon alluded to pled with his hearers to embrace purity of life with
the importance of learning these truthswhich the whole person, bringing out how the physical
members of the body must participate in cooperation.
The role of the ears, eyes, heart, mouth, eyelids, feet,
and hands are all mentioned. He asserted that wisdom
would lead to promotion, honor, grace, a crown of
glory, length of life, and spiritual stabilitya list 2. What core instructions are given in Proverbs 4:20-27?
which includes both temporal and eternal benefits.
Chapter 5 addresses the topic of marital fidelity,
and the application of wisdom to the relationship
between the sexes. In this section, Solomon described
the types of individuals and behaviors which would
lure someone down the path of destruction, and the
proper response to keep one on the right path.
The strange woman described in verse 3 is a
morally loose woman or adulteress who represents
the allurements of sin. Solomon warned that her
words are flattering and seductive, but the outcome of 3. What are some specific ways that we can retain the
association with her would be bitter as wormwood, teachings acquired through a godly upbringing?
and sharp as a twoedged sword (verse 4). He advised
that only through instruction, understanding, and the
application of wisdom could right choices be made
to prevent being entangled in her web of deceit, folly,
and ultimate death.
Keep thy heart with all diligence; for out of
it are the issues of life (Proverbs 4:23) is a central
theme of these two chapters. They stress that diligence
in obtaining wisdom is paramount, and diligence in
discretion and stability is required in order to retain it.

II. The superiority of the way of wisdom CONCLUSION

D. The advice of wisdom (4:1-27)
It is vital for parents and grandparents to impart
1. The instruction of the father (4:1-9)
a love for God and His ways to their children, but it
2. The two ways contrasted (4:10-19)
is also necessary for children to exercise diligence in
3. The instruction regarding the right way
order to acquire and retain it.
(4:20-27)
E. The warnings of wisdom NOTES
1. Concerning moral purity (5:1-23)
a. The plea for obedience (5:1-2)
b. The warning against adultery
(5:3-14)
c. The plea for fidelity (5:15-23)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. What are the outcomes named in these chapters of
the path of the just and the path of the wicked?
DAYBREAK
Proverbs 6:1-35
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS daughter dumping water down my back, it probably

will not be enjoyable! However, if we stay alert to His
Yet a little sleep, a little slumber, a little folding of voice and keep our minds and hearts fully engaged
the hands to sleep: so shall thy poverty come as one with what He has given us to do, we will not need
that travelleth, and thy want as an armed man. to fear physical or spiritual povertyor an abrupt
(Proverbs 6:10-11) awakening.
Sleep is a precious commodity, especially for

BACKGROUND
mothers of young children, but at times it can be The matter of personal conduct continues in
dangerous. Recently I was trying to catch a few extra this chapter. While chapter 5 dealt with the sin that
minutes of shut-eye after having been up several Solomon believed was the immediate danger to the
times in the night with my infant son. Suddenly I was young men of Israel, chapter 6 moves to other matters
awakened by a deluge of cold water gushing down that can also lead a young man to dishonor. The man
my back. I sat up in a flash to see my two-year-old who conducts himself as detailed by the instruction
daughter standing by the bed, holding an empty glass. given here will be saved from many failures.
Here go, Mommy! she exclaimed brightly. I lifted Verses 1-5 warn against suretyshippledging
the soaking blankets off and got up, water trickling off to assume the obligations or debts of another person
the bed and down my back. My opportunity to snooze should he default. To the Hebrews, speech was
for a few moments longer was over. Clearly, when my extremely important, and spoken words could not
daughter is up, I had better be awake to make sure she be taken back. For that reason, Solomon warned
doesnt wreak havoc! that a person should not make promises lightly,
Of course I dried out quickly from my rude especially in the place of another who may or may
awakening, and no permanent damage was done. not take his obligation seriously. Such behavior could
However, there are other ways we can sleep without bring a great deal of trouble. It seems unlikely that
shutting our eyes, and that is the kind of sleep that these strong admonitions were intended to prohibit
can be dangerous. Perhaps we are mentally asleep generosity or the direct lending of money to members
while we are supposed to be working. We may be of ones community, although even that can lead to
zoned out while our college professor is outlining difficulties. Solomon seemingly wanted the young
key concepts that well be tested on later. Or we may men under his influence to properly understand the
be daydreaming while sitting in church on Sunday complications that can accompany certain financial
morning. Dozing off at the wrong time can cause a lot and business arrangements.
of problems, both in our temporal environment and The ant illustration in verse 6 provided a model
in our Christian lives! In fact, if were not careful, we of industry for the foolish and lazy man. The ant
could lose the riches of Gods blessing in our lives instinctively prepares at harvest time for the cold
simply because weve allowed ourselves to drift into months of winter, and Solomon was pointing out the
a spiritual snooze instead of focusing on spiritual advantages of thinking ahead, diligent work, self-
matters. directedness, and efficiency. When an ant finds a
In our focus verse, Solomon warns against source of food, it returns to its colony and leaves a
lazinessof sleeping when one should be working. scented trail to alert other ants of the find. Over time,
Certainly our bodies need periods of physical rest, ants determine the shortest path to the food, and often
whether it is regular hours of sleep or a vacation from carry fifty times their weight in food back to the
work. God rested on the seventh day of Creation, colony.
establishing a pattern for refreshment and restoration In verses 12-19, Solomon warned against the
that we are to follow. Nevertheless, the warning evils of lying. Modern studies have proven a fact that
Solomon gave has relevance in our lives. We might Solomon understood: liars tend to give nonverbal
be awake physically, but sleeping our days away indicators that they are lying. These indicators include
spiritually by neglecting to read the Bible and pray, blinking or winking the eyes and frequently touching
doing our tasks of service half-heartedly, or failing to the face. The seven things that the Lord hates were
pay attention to the messages God is sending us. given as a climax to the instruction in verses 12-15.
If we have drifted into a pattern of spiritual sleep, This form of proverb (listing a number of items and
God might have to startle us awake. And like my then increasing them by one) was later termed a
middah by Hebrew writers. It indicates that the list
could go on and on.
In the last part of the chapter, verses 20-35,
Solomon returned to warning against sexual sins. He
specifically cautioned for alertness to the potential
deceit of an older, married temptress. Verse 26 3. How can we stay spiritually awake, so we dont
suggests that an adulteress seeking a relationship lose the riches of Gods blessing on our lives?
should be more feared than a prostitute who is only
after monetary gain. In verses 29-31, the argument
that those guilty of adultery should be excused
because they had unmet needs is shown to be
unacceptable. Solomon pointed out that a thief would
not be excused if he argued that he could not feed
himself.

E The warnings of wisdom
2. Concerning other acts of folly
a. The folly of suretyship (6:1-5) CONCLUSION
b. The folly of laziness (6:6-11)
c. The folly of deceit (6:12-15) Solomon condemns the sluggard and warns
d. The folly of seven sins (6:16-19) against laziness and sleep, but a spiritual application
e. The folly of adultery (6:20-35) can be made as well. It is vital to stay spiritually
awake and focused on the things of God!
A CLOSER LOOK
NOTES
1. What seven things are abominations to the Lord?
2. What did Solomon mean when he wrote, Give not

sleep to thine eyes, nor slumber to thine eyelids?
DAYBREAK
Proverbs 7:1-27
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS Dons story changed from one of defeat to one of

victory because he yielded his life to God. Although
My son, keep my words, and lay up my he had known the Word of God from early childhood,
commandments with thee. Keep my commandments, he began to treasure Gods commandments and to
and live; and my law as the apple of thine eye. live according to Gods precepts, as instructed in
(Proverbs 7:1-2) todays key verses. He went on to raise his family of
seven children in the Gospel, worked for many years
The value of Gods Word and His wisdom as a respected educator and musician in the Portland
exceeds any other treasure. Don Wolfe, a long-time area, and served faithfully in a variety of roles in the
member of our Portland congregation, was taught that church. Today, in his senior years, he still rejoices that
truth by his Christian father. He often testifies about he can report spiritual victory.
how he was taught the Scriptures when he was just The story recorded in Proverbs 7 is a sad contrast
a small child being raised by a single parent after his to Dons testimony. Solomon told of a young man
mother left the home. His godly father was faithful who did not keep Gods commandments close to his
to take him to church and Sunday school regularly. heart, and his story did not have a happy ending.
However, much of what he learned of the Word of God has laid out a plan in His Word that, if
God was based on a Scripture game he and his father followed, will give us victory over sin. Studying the
often played. They would take turns quoting verses Bible, treasuring its commandments, and following
to each other until dropping off to sleep each night. through in obedience will help us remain victorious in
A particular passage that always came up was, Love spite of the challenges that life inevitably brings our
not the world, neither the things that are in the world. way. Don Wolfe is one who has proved that, and we
If any man love the world, the love of the Father is can do so as well.
not in him. For all that is in the world, the lust of the
flesh, and lust of the eyes, and the pride of life, is not BACKGROUND
of the Father, but is of the world (1 John 2:15-16). Like prior chapters, todays text continues the
Don never got away from those verses. emphasis on the importance of wisdom. In chapter 7,
He relates, Following graduation from high wisdom is presented as the treasure that provides
school, I got a job, married, and spent two years in safety, including the preservation of moral purity.
the United States Navy during the Korean conflict. Conversely, ignoring wisdom will lead to destruction.
I drew the line on what I would and would not do: I As an illustration, Solomon told of a young man who
never tried cigarettes, liquor, or drugs, but I had a lot was ensnared by the cunning ways of an adulterous
of worldly ambitions. Shortly after I came home from woman. The chapter ends with another exhortation to
the service, the Lord showed me that I had let the love take heed.
of the world creep into my heart. I was living with Like a father would teach a son or a teacher his
an empty profession, and I didnt see how I would pupils, Solomon directed his warning to young men.
ever have the courage to face up to the truth and get In verses 1-5, the words commandments, words,
straightened out with the Lord. and law all refer to the wisdom of heeding Gods
One night, as I sat in a young peoples meeting, instructions. To keep wisdom as the apple of thine
it seemed as though the Lord shut me away from eye (verse 2) meant to care for it as one would the
everything around me. His Spirit was dealing with pupil of the eye, which is vital to seeing. If the pupil
me, and at the close of that service, I didnt care what were injured, the individual would find himself living
anybody thought about me. All I wanted was to make in darkness, and the person who does not hold the
sure I was right with God. I made my way forward law dear will be in spiritual darkness. Jewish people
to the altar of prayer, and kneeling at the foot of the wrote out Old Testament passages and wore them
pulpit, I repented with bitter tears. I told the Lord I on their arms and foreheads as reminders, but in
wanted to be a real Christian. The Lord was faithful to verse 3, Solomon said to bind Gods instructions on
encourage me as I prayed, and that night He saved my the heart, the seat of ones will and being. Wisdom
soul, witnessing that I had been forgiven. When I rose should be prized as a beloved sister or a relative who
to my feet I had peace in my heart at last. All the fear offers protection. This devotion to wisdom, Solomon
of death was gone, and the burden of condemnation counseled, would be a defense against immoral
was rolled away. What a joyful night that was! temptations.
An illustrative metaphor begins at verse 6. The A CLOSER LOOK
word casement could be translated as lattice. In
1. What comparisons in verses 2-4 show the reader
Solomons time, glass was not used in windows, but
how wisdom should be treated?
windows often had lattice, which gave some privacy
and yet allowed ventilation. A person could stand
inside and look out without being seen.
A young man, inexperienced and foolish, allowed
himself to be in the wrong place at the wrong time.
Verse 7 uses the phrase void of understanding
to describe the young man. Adam Clarke observes
that he was destitute of a heart; he had not wisdom 2. How could the young man in Proverbs 7 have
to discern the evil intended nor courage to resist escaped his predicament?
the flatteries of the seducer. Whether by intent or
accident, he came to the corner where the seductress
lived, and she set about to trap him. A willful and
uncontrolled woman, she used boldness and flattery.
When she said in verse 14, I have peace offerings
with me; this day have I payed my vows, she
referred to religious sacrifices she had made. In such 3. When we find ourselves tempted, what steps can
offerings, the priests kept some of the meat, but the we take to resist that temptation?
Law required the giver to eat what remained that
day or the next, so she was indicating that she was
observant of the religious law. She claimed there was
no need to be concerned about her husband because
he had taken money and gone on a long trip.
Solomon gave graphic word pictures to describe
the youths yielding: like an ox going to slaughter,
a fool to the stocks, or a bird into a snare. Verse 23
refers to a dart striking through the liver. This could
be a reference to the fact that the liver was considered
the seat of sexual desire in ancient writings. It
also could imply that the womans husband would
carry out judgment on him and his wife by killing CONCLUSION
them both or having them both killed for their
We will benefit in this life and throughout
transgression.
eternity if we cherish Gods Word and follow His
In verses 24-27, Solomon concluded by again
commandments.
issuing a warning. He wanted others to learn from this
youths example. They needed to work at keeping the NOTES
wisdom of God in their hearts so they would avoid the
temptations that destroyed this youth and many others
as well.

E. The warnings of wisdom
2. Concerning other acts of folly
f. The folly of harlotry (7:1-27)
(1) The call to obedience (7:1-5)
(2) The ways of a harlot (7:6-23)
(3) The conclusion (7:24-27)
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS much I had to learn. So it is no wonder that when we

truly realize how wise and mighty God is, we feel our
The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom: need to follow Him closely.
and the knowledge of the holy is understanding.
BACKGROUND
(Proverbs 9:10)
In contrast to the previous chapter which
Like many of my contemporaries, I attended graphically described the attitude and actions of a
college to obtain a degree. We live in an age where seductress, chapter 8 gives a masterful description
a good education is considered of paramount of wisdom. As in chapter 1 of Proverbs, the writer
importance. People spend great sums of money characterized wisdom as a woman, and in this text,
and invest years of their lives to obtain diplomas declared the benefits of following her instruction.
certifying successful completion of a formal course Unlike the woman in chapter 7 who lurked on a
of study. corner in the darkness, the personification of wisdom
Other individuals acquire knowledge through described in the first five verses of chapter 8 stood in
hands-on training. I grew up in a small coastal a public place where many people could see and hear
community in which a number of fishermen turned her. There she called out to those from every level of
to boat building during the winter months. Using society and cultural background to heed her message.
techniques handed down to them by their fathers, In verses 6-11, wisdom said she spoke of excellent
they were able to build beautiful and seaworthy boats. things and that her words were true and righteous.
Not only were these men good craftsmen, but they The terms froward and perverse in verse 8 could be
were also keen observers of the weather and their translated as twisted or crooked, and they referred
environment. While most of them had little formal again to the seductress of chapter 7. The instruction of
schooling, they were extremely knowledgeable about wisdom was declared to be more valuable than gems
the forces of nature around them. At times, that and riches.
understanding made the difference between life and Wisdom proclaimed more of her attributes in
death when they were out on the water. verses 12-16. Prudence means discretion or common
Earthly knowledge, whether acquired through sense, and witty inventions allude to thorough and
formal education, hands-on training, or personal careful planning. Wisdom stated she was strong and
experience, is unquestionably a valuable commodity. able to help leaders rule well. Those who loved and
However, given societys focus on learning, it is sought her (verses 17-21) would receive benefits.
possible to mistake the acquisition of knowledge Bible scholars have varied opinions about the
for wisdom. The truth is, godly wisdom goes far meaning of verses 22-31. Some believe they indicate
beyond any amount of worldly knowledge, skill, or that wisdom is an eternal attribute of God, so it was a
understanding. It is of infinite and eternal value! part of His being from long before the Creation. Other
Our focus verse gives us the starting point for scholars believe this passage is a description of Jesus
obtaining godly wisdom when it states that the fear Christ, illustrating His participation in the Creation.
of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom. The type This second view is supported by the similarity of
of fear referenced in this verse is not the distressing New Testament texts such as John 1:1-3, Colossians
emotion caused by impending danger. The fear of 1:15-17, and Hebrews 1:2. Whichever position is
the Lord means having a deep regard for Gods taken, the passage gives a superb description of the
awesomeness, a rejection of anything that is ungodly, Creation.
and a consistent purpose to obey Gods Word. The writer finished his exhortation in verses
The last part of verse 10 offers further insight. It 32-36 with a reminder that each individual must
tells us that knowledge of the holy is understanding. chose whether or not to follow wisdomGods
This knowledge is received only when a person instructions. It is a life or death choice.
surrenders his life to God. We need to know God Chapter 9 contrasts wisdom and folly by
personally if we desire true understanding. presenting them both as women who had invited
When I graduated from college as a computer guests to their homes. Between the two invitations are
draftsperson, I felt a measure of confidence in myself. a few verses of terse truisms.
Yet when I sat next to a person at work who had years In verses1-6, wisdom had a fine home and had
of experience, I realized how little I knew and how prepared a sumptuous banquet. Her maidens were sent
to herald the invitation to all, including those who 2. In your opinion, why is wisdom essential in our
lacked experience, good judgment, or courage. world today?
The timeless truths in verses 7-12 may have been
comments to help draw guests to wisdoms banquet,
or they may have been prompted by the varied
responses of those who heard her summons. Those
who were determined to pursue wickedness scoffed
and rejected the invitation, but those who desired
wisdom were instructed. Each person had to choose to
heed or ignore, and then bear the consequences of his
or her choice.
The invitation by folly is presented in verses
13-18. In many ways she tried to make her invitation
similar to wisdoms. However, she was clamorous
(loud) and did the inviting herself. Although she 3. How can we use verse 33 of chapter 8 in our quest
used the same words as wisdom, her intent was far for wisdom?
different. While heeding wisdom promised life, going
with folly resulted in death
Chapter 9 ends the first section of Proverbs.

F. The worthiness of wisdom (8:1-36)
1. The call to wisdom (8:1-11)
2. The character of wisdom (8:12-21)
3. The preeminence of wisdom in
Creation (8:22-31)
4. The choice between life and death
(8:32-36) CONCLUSION
G. The invitation of wisdom (9:1-18)
Wisdom begins with a proper regard for God and
1. The invitation of wisdom (9:1-6)
obedience to His precepts, and knowledge of the holy
2. The instructions for scoffers (9:7-12)
comes through an intimate and personal relationship
3. The invitation of folly (9:13-18)
with Him.
A CLOSER LOOK
NOTES
1. According to our text, what attributes go hand in
hand with wisdom?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS theme of seeking wisdom and avoiding folly, most of

Proverbs 10:1 through 22:16 consists of verses that
He is in the way of life that keepeth instruction: stand alone. Each verse is a terse saying imparting
but he that refuseth reproof erreth. common sense and spiritual wisdom for everyday
(Proverbs 10:17) matters. These maxims were composed by Solomon
and are thought to be the portion of the book that was
Our two-year-old daughter can be charming, written first. In chapters 10-15, most of the proverbs
sweet, and intelligent. And thats not only a parents show a contrast between people who are righteous and
assessmentothers comment from time to time that those who are wicked.
she seems like the perfect child. However, what most The rich metaphors throughout both chapters
people are not aware of is that at home, our daughter reinforce the truth of these observations. Several of the
can become a different girl altogether! While shy and metaphors are humorous, such as Proverbs 10:26 and
quiet at church and around people she does not know 11:22. In Solomons day, ladies often wore large nose
well, at home she is often loud, rambunctious, and rings, which were considered beautiful ornamentation.
sometimes demanding. Like any toddler, she needs Not all verses use metaphors, however. In verse 4 of
to be corrected quite often. In fact, her time-out chair chapter 11, the day of wrath refers to the judgment of
might be the most used chair in our house! God which comes to the unrighteous after death.
Nevertheless, when my husband or I correct her, Most of the verses in this passage are two-part
she is very contrite. She may have just yelled, No! antithetical observations (see below), with the two
and run the other direction in defiance, but after a few sections connected by the conjunction but. The major
minutes in time out and a quiet discussion about what distinction of a Hebrew proverb is that it consists of
she did wrong, she sincerely apologizes and gives us two segments rather than only one. Hebrew poetry was
a kiss. She is easily entreated after correction, and that not based on rhyme or rhythm, but on the relationship
eases the sometimes painful job of disciplining her. of the two segments (called parallelism). Below are
As Gods children, on occasion our Father finds examples of the various types of parallelism found in
it necessary to correct or chastise us. When the these chapters.
Lord deals with us, are we as easily entreated and as Synonymous: the second portion repeats the
accepting of His admonishment as a young child? thought of the first with different words. (Example:
Do we sincerely regret our mistakes and humbly ask The liberal soul shall be made fat: and he that watereth
forgiveness? Do we offer our love and devotion after shall be watered also himselfProverbs 11:25.)
we have been chastised? Antithetical: the second portion states the
In todays focus verse, Solomon said, He is in the same principle of the first, only from the opposite
way of life that keepeth instruction: but he that refuseth perspective. (Example: A false balance is abomination
reproof erreth. If we accept correction and apply it to to the Lord: but a just weight is his delightProverbs
our lives, God will ultimately bring us to eternal life. 11:1.)
When Jesus was on earth, He indicated this by saying Synthetic: the second phrase augments and expands
that His followers must become as little children if the meaning of the first. (Example: He that hideth
they were to inherit the kingdom of Heaven. Perhaps hatred with lying lips, and he that uttereth a slander, is
in part He was referencing the way a child responds to a foolProverbs 10:18.)
discipline. Comparative: the second phrase draws a
As adults, it is not easy to admit we are wrong comparison between some basic, ethical, or theological
or to realize we need to improve in a particular area. truth and some illustration, often nature. (Example: As
However, the Lord can help us respond in the right the whirlwind passeth, so is the wicked no more: but
way. If we continue to heed His correction, we will the righteous is an everlasting foundationProverbs
mature spiritually, and ultimately gain eternal life in 10:25.)
Heaven.
BACKGROUND III. The sayings of the way of wisdom

Chapter 10 begins a new section of Proverbs. In A. The 375 proverbs of Solomon
contrast to the first nine chapters of the book, which 1. The contrast of wisdom and folly in life
contain exhortations of various lengths with the (10:1 15:33)
A CLOSER LOOK CONCLUSION
1. According to Proverbs 10:24, what the wicked If we allow ourselves to be humbly corrected and
person fears will come to pass. In contrast, what will guided by God, we will find ourselves walking the path
happen to the righteous? of righteousness and enjoying the benefits that come
with it!
NOTES
2. What does Proverbs 10:12 mean when it states that

love covereth all sins?
3. Based on Proverbs 11:11, what are some ways our

Christian lives might be a blessing to our communities?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS we understand, as our focus verse states, that in

the way of righteousness is life; and in the pathway
In the way of righteousness is life; and in the thereof there is no death (Proverbs 12:28).
pathway thereof there is no death. The path we choose has ultimate and eternal
(Proverbs 12:28) consequences. Let us choose to follow the way of
righteousness!
I work for a school bus company, and one of my
roles is to teach new employees how to drive buses. BACKGROUND
Usually, people who have never driven a forty- Todays text contains fifty-three verses. In at least
foot vehicle are primarily concerned about backing eighteen of these, the results of righteousness (or
up the bus or learning how to make right and left closely related words like righteous, good, just, or
turns without jumping the curb or sideswiping other truth) are distinctly contrasted with wickedness (or
vehicles. Those of us who have been doing this for wicked, deceitful, lying, and sinners). In none is a
a few years know that after mastering some simple third alternative offered; there is no category between
techniques, the new drivers will be able to traverse righteousness and wickedness. The results of positive
narrow, winding roads or congested city traffic with and the negative choices made are clearly defined and
no problem. Our highest priority is not in teaching set in sharp contrast to each other.
technique, but in developing a profound commitment In verse 3 of chapter 12, the word established
to safety. We know it is critical for bus drivers not refers to achieving success. Although people may
only to be competent, but also cautious! rise to the top of their fields by unethical means, their
My goal is to instill in each of our new employees achievements will be fleeting. The righteous person,
a passion for safety. If drivers really understand its on the other hand, is secure and content both in this
importance, procedural guidelines will be followed life as well as in the life to come.
even when no one is watching. They will be con- The obscure phrase in verse 12, The wicked
sistently alert when behind the wheel, will drive desireth the net of evil men, likely means that the
defensively, and will pay close attention to road and wicked want the easy way of acquiring wealth by
environmental conditions. They will not take what taking away what others have achieved through hard
may seem like minor risks or skip routine safety work. However, the results of a righteous mans
procedures that they know should be performed, efforts will be permanent. The following two verses
because they will be fully aware that such violations reinforce the fact that a persons words and deeds will
could threaten their livelihoods or even their lives. have recompense.
In much the same way, I think the author of The statement in verse 21, There shall no evil
todays chapters had a fervent desire to instill in his happen to the just, becomes more understandable
hearers a passion for righteousness. He knew that when it is considered from an eternal perspective.
if they understood its vital importance, they would While troubling events do occur to the righteous
comply with the wise instructions for godly living that as well as the wicked, the one whose trust is in
he was presenting. They would love instruction and God understands that there is ultimate good in all
take care to avoid the counsels of the wicked. They circumstances because that is Gods promise to
would turn away from those with a perverse heart His followers. That good may not be discernible
and other vain persons, and take care not to fall in this life, but it will be clear in eternity. The
into the net of evil men (Proverbs 12:1,5,8,11-12). wickedthose who do not have Gods wisdomare
They would heed the warning that the soul of the unable to grasp this perspective.
transgressors shall eat violence and find assurance in The meaning of verse 24 is that diligence will be
the fact that righteousness keepeth him that is upright rewarded, while laziness is costly. The assertion that
in the way (Proverbs 13:2,6). the slothful shall be under tribute means that the
The admonition we read in these chapters is as lazy man will find himself put to forced labor.
profitable to people in our day as it was for those in In chapter 13, verse 4 is an example of the theme
Solomons time. To please God, it is still necessary of wisdom and work which appears frequently in
to live righteously. Rather than thinking of this as a the Book of Proverbs. The statement that the soul of
forced obligation, it should be our hearts desireour the diligent shall be made fat means that the diligent
passion! We should want to live righteously because will prosper.
Verse 7 presents a paradox by stating that a rich
man might have nothing and a poor man might have
great riches. The author was pointing out that the
individual who is rich in this worlds goods but leaves
God out of his life is poor in the things that really
matter. While poverty does not guarantee happiness,
the one who trusts God will live a rich and rewarding
life even if lacking in this worlds goods.
Commentators offer a variety of opinions
regarding the meaning of verse 8. This passage
3. Throughout the Book of Proverbs, the concept of
seems to be saying that while riches can provide a
hearing wisdom is a theme. What are some ways we
measure of protection from danger, the poor do not
can strengthen our listening skills?
feel threatened due to the fact that poverty gives them
relative insignificance.
Verses 13 and 14 provide another warning
regarding the importance of obeying the Word of God.
References to word, commandment, and law
throughout the book point to the fact that revealed
truth (an understanding of Gods ways as given to
man) is presupposed in Proverbs.
III. The sayings of the way of wisdom

A. The 375 proverbs of Solomon
1. The contrast of wisdom and folly in life CONCLUSION
(10:1 15:33)
If we truly grasp the importance of righteousness,
A CLOSER LOOK we will make every effort to align our lives with wise
1. According to Proverbs 12:13, what snare will instruction for godly livingwe understand that
entrap the wicked? failure to do so will have eternal consequences!
NOTES
2. Proverbs 12:25 references heaviness in the heart

of a man. What are some contemporary synonyms for
this word? What are some issues in society that could
cause this feeling?
DAYBREAK
Proverbs 14:1-35

He that despiseth his neighbor sinneth: but he Chapter 14 continues with proverbs attributed
that hath mercy on the poor, happy is he. to Solomon, which give practical and wise advice
for everyday matters. In chapters 10-15, most of the
(Proverbs 14:21)
proverbs show a contrast between people who are
Mike Adkins wanted to be a blessing and a righteous and those who are wicked.
witness to the world around him. One day, as he was In chapter 14, Solomon gave varied observations
outside his house, he noticed his next-door neighbor, on moral virtues and their contrary vices. He began
Norman. The other people on the block considered by contrasting again the wise people and the foolish,
Norman to be messy and rather weird. He was a loner, and saying that fearing (or honoring) God shows
and the neighbors were happy to keep it that way. obedience. The importance of choosing words
However, the Spirit of God nudged Mike to reach out carefully, stating the truth, and respecting God and His
to this man and befriend him. precepts are restated. Wise people receive instruction
As Mike began to interact with Norman, he and do not mock sin.
observed firsthand the mess and filth that Norman Verse 4 speaks of the usefulness of an ox. When
lived in. Though initially repulsed, Mike followed the Proverbs was written, oxen were used to plow, water
leading of God and pitched in to help. He cleaned up crops, harvest, and grind flour. These were valuable
Normans yard and house, even going into Normans animals. More oxen meant more productivity, but also
filthy bathroom to pull out the toilet and replace the more carethe animals had to be fed and sheltered,
wax seal! and it was necessary to clean up after them. The point
It would have been much easier for Mike to ignore of the verse is that their value outweighed the effort
the needs of his unappealing neighbor and focus on his needed to maintain them.
own clean and orderly life, but he continued working In verse 11, the word tabernacle could be
with Norman and eventually had the opportunity to translated tent. A tent would appear less stable
share Gods love and the hope of salvation with him. than a house. However, Solomon pointed out that
As a result of Mikes caring concern, Norman was righteousness will last, while wickedness will
saved and lived many years for the Lord.1 fail, even though the wicked seem to have built a
Serving God will not always be easy, neat, and house. Both verses 11 and 12 show that the human
tidy. We may be called to work in areas that are not perspective is often not the correct one.
the most pleasant. We may have to get our hands dirty. Verses 15-18 contrast the gullible with the
We may need to reach out to the unlovely people of discerning, and the wise with the foolish. The phrase
this world. We may have to get out of our comfort soon angry in verse 17 could be translated short of
zones to win someone for the Lord. nostrils, meaning that anger is shown on the face and
Sometimes following the Lords purpose for by more rapid breathing.
our lives will take large measures of patience, Verse 22 asks a question, which is unusual in
longsuffering, and love, along with a good sense Proverbs. The word err in the original language meant
of humor, grace, and forgiveness. It may mean go astray or cause to wander. The writer wanted
going to a mission meeting in a disreputable part of his readers to understand that devising evil would
town, ministering to the homeless, or reaching out result in a person being lost.
to disadvantaged Sunday school children and their Care for the poor is commanded. In Solomons
families. It may mean spending time with a feeble time, many thought poverty indicated Gods
elderly person and tending to his or her needs. Or it disapproval, but verse 31 shows that God the Creator
could mean ministering in a foreign country where is concerned for the poor. This concept is taught
familiar foods and creature comforts are not throughout the Bible.
available. In whatever way God chooses, we want
to love others and show mercy, as the focus verse
exhorts. As we apply ourselves wholeheartedly in III. The sayings of the way of wisdom
reaching out to those God places in our paths, we A. The 375 proverbs of Solomon
will obtain sheaves to offer to God one day. It will be 1. The contrast of wisdom and folly in life
worth it all! (10:1 15:33)
1. What is the result of too much talk and too little Let us work wherever we see a need, even if it
work? (Proverbs 14:23) is not always pleasant or comfortable. It may not be
easy, but we will have a fruitful harvest to present to
the Lord.
NOTES
2. Referring to verse 34, how do you think righteous-
ness will exalt or bless a nation?
3. How can we encourage ourselves to answer the

Lords call even if it means getting our hands a little
dirty?
1. The complete story is found in the book A Man Called Norman by Mike Adkins.
DAYBREAK
Proverbs 15:1-33

Without counsel purposes are disappointed: but in Continuing Solomons proverbs with his practical
the multitude of counsellors they are established. and wise advice, todays text is the last of the grouping
(chapters 10-15) where most of the verses show
(Proverbs 15:22)
a contrast between the righteous and the wicked.
As I stood nervously outside the door of our state Although there are several themes in this chapter, a
assemblywomans office, the leader of my advocacy major one is the importance of good words.
team nudged me and gave a last-minute reminder: In verse 4, a wholesome tongue could also be
Weve traveled all the way to our state capitol to have translated as healing words. Perverseness has been
a few moments to speak with our elected representative defined as viciousness and as deliberate lying. The
about the importance of education. Dont make her feel word disperse in verse 7 means diffuse and also to
like you are wasting her timechoose your words winnow and to search out, to investigate. Solomon
wisely, and speak from your heart about the needs was showing that wise people discern between the
of our college district. The assemblywomans door beneficial and the meaningless or unnecessary; they
opened, and our group of five entered her office for a only say what is edifying and helpful.
half-hour meeting. The minutes flew by as we shared Not many of the proverbs specifically address
our concerns about some upcoming legislation she worship, but verse 8 makes a strong statement. In this
had to vote on and she asked us about the needs of our usage, sacrifice refers to all the ceremonies of the
local community college district. Law. Abomination means abhorrent, disgusting. The
When our advocacy team discussed our experience writer wanted his readers to understand that the attitude
afterward, we were elated with how well the meeting of a persons heart needed to be right when he brought
had gone. We had prepared for several days prior to his offerings to God.
our visit, and we felt that our preparation had paid off. The proverbs in verses 13 and 15 are both
We thought that our well-chosen words had an impact, antitheticaleach line gives a contrast to the other.
and we were proud that we could play a part and have In verse 13 the merry heart is mentioned first,
a voice in our states political process. In short, we while in verse 15 the merry heart is in the second
had experienced a Proverbs 15:22 moment: we had phrase. Both illustrate the same pointwhat a person
been among the multitude of counsellors for our experiences impacts how he feels, but cheerfulness
assemblywoman. will help even in bad situations.
Solomon recognized the importance of consulting At the time these proverbs were given, a dinner of
with knowledgeable people, and that there is gain in herbs (verse 17) meant the food of the poor. A stalled
combining expertise, experience, and perspectives. ox was an animal that had been specially fed and
This is true at both an individual and a corporate level. fattened, and was considered the most sumptuous fare.
However, this is especially true in spiritual matters. These opposites show the benefits of love over hatred.
When we face a spiritual dilemma, seeking the advice Verse 24 has a three-part contrast. The way (or
of godly people can be helpful. Similarly, we want to practices) of the wise is compared by implication with
be godly ourselves so that we might be able to help the practices of a foolish person. One way is above, the
others. other is below. Finally, life and death are contrasted.
Riding the Amtrak train home from our state In Solomons time, some people defrauded others
capitol, I realized that as Christians, we have many by relocating a property boundary landmark. God
opportunities to speak up for the Lord and for our was especially concerned about the widows, who
Christian faith, and we should take these opportunities had little defense in that culture (verse 25). Verse 27
more seriously than giving input to a political warns against greed and bribes. Political corruption is
representative. Every conversation we havewhether implied, and Solomon said it would bring sorrow.
with a state assemblywoman, a coworker, a young
child, or a stranger on the streetis fraught with AMPLIFIED OUTLINE Hannahs Bible Outlines
importance when we consider that souls are at stake, III. The sayings of the way of wisdom
and we want them to make decisions that lead to A. The 375 proverbs of Solomon
eternal life. We want to speak words that will help 1. The contrast of wisdom and folly in life
them make right decisions. (10:1 15:33)
1. What are some verses in Proverbs 15 that focus on May God help us to speak words that give life and
the importance of choosing our words carefully? are good counsel to all who hear them.
NOTES
2. What does it mean to speak a word in due season?

Proverbs 15:23
3. Recall a time when someone said words to you that

were an encouragement. What can we do to make sure
that we are speaking good words that will bring joy to
the hearts of others?
DAYBREAK
Proverbs 16:1-33
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS others in the way. Help me to tell what You have done
in the past, and influence others to look forward to the
Pleasant words are as an honeycomb, sweet to the things You will do for us in the future. Let us share
soul, and health to the bones. (Proverbs 16:24) the message of Jesus Christ with pleasant words of
spiritual hope. We will bring life and health to all who
Edward was interested in photography, and when listen!
he was sixteen years old, he saved up enough money
to buy his first camera. Excited about his purchase, he BACKGROUND
took fifty pictures on the very first day. To his great This chapter continues the section of Proverbs that
disappointment, only one shota portrait of his sister is often called the Proverbs of Solomon. However,
at the pianoreally amounted to anything. When todays text begins a portion that reflects a slight
Edwards father declared that one out of fifty was a change in style. The pithy instructions contained
poor showing, the young camera enthusiast was so in chapters 10-15 often taught by making an initial
disheartened that he almost gave up his new hobby on statement in the first half of the proverb, and then
the spot. showing a contrast in the second portion. The maxims
However, Edwards mother insisted that the from 16:1 to 22:16 have a more parallel construction;
photograph of his sister was so beautiful that it more the second part of the proverb generally further
than compensated for the forty-nine failures. So the explains or repeats the first statement.
young man picked up his camera once more and Throughout this chapter, Solomon often referred to
eventually became one of the worlds most renowned the power and sovereignty of God. Since he was king,
photographers. Concerning photography, there was he knew the power that came with sovereignty, and
not much that Edward Steichen didnt do, and do also that with power came more responsibility (verses
extraordinarily well. Landscape, architecture, fashion, 10-12).
portrait, and war photography all appeared in his In verse 11, Solomon talked about a weight and
portfolio, and brought him international acclaim. balance, a metaphor that described God as being
He was published in a wide range of magazines, fair and just. In the days of King Solomon, business
served as Director of the Department of Photography transactions easily could be skewed in favor of the
at New YorksMuseum of Modern Art, and at one merchant by weighting the scale deceptively. Solomon
time was regarded as the best-known and highest- relayed that God is concerned about every part of
paid photographer in the world. And what was it that business, and that every transaction should be fair.
renewed his faltering spirit and started him down the The hoary head mentioned in verse 31 is a
road to success? The encouraging words of his mother! reference to the white hair of the elderly. The Hebrew
There is great power in pleasant words. people believed that longevity was a sign of Gods
Solomon recognized that; scores of this wise kings favor, so indicators of advanced age were good so long
proverbs relate to speech. In our key verse, he stated as the years had been spent in righteous living.
that pleasant words bring sweetness to the soul and The phrase the lot is cast into the lap in the final
health to the bones. Kind words can encourage the verse of the chapter refers to the system of casting lots
disheartened, as they did for Edward. They can to determine a course of action. It refers to the practice
comfort the grief-stricken, and strengthen the weak. of throwing lots into the folds of an individuals robe,
They can instruct, inspire, and invigorate. from which the deciding lot would then be drawn. A
Powerful, positive, life-giving words have an similar American maxim is the saying that a person
important place in our spiritual lives. Each one of us has received the luck of the draw. However, this
has the power to encourage or discourage others by Scripture points out that the Lord decides the ultimate
what we say. When people leave our presence, are they outcome. The word translated disposing is from the
spiritually uplifted? Carefully chosen words that are Hebrew word mishpat, which also means verdict.
directed by the Spirit of God can heal wounded spirits, In spite of the many references to casting lots in the
mend broken hearts, and strengthen the inner man. Old Testament, nothing is known about the actual lots
They can point souls to Calvary, and motivate fellow themselves. They could have been sticks of various
believers to persevere to the end. lengths, flat stones like coins, or some kind of dice.
Our prayer should be, Lord, make my words The closest modern practice to casting lots is likely
an encouragement. Help me to uplift and strengthen flipping a coin.
Used by permission per WORDsearch CONCLUSION
III. The sayings of the way of wisdom There is power in pleasant wordsthey can be
A. The proverbs of Solomon (375) of great benefit to others. How generous we should be
2. The call of submission to God with our words of encouragement!
(16:1 22:16)
NOTES
A CLOSER LOOK
1. According to verse 7, what happens when a persons
life pleases the Lord?
2. What are some ways that may seem right or

advantageous to men, but end in spiritual death?
3. How can we achieve the high standard of humility,

patience, and integrity that Solomon admonishes in
this chapter?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS successful teaching strategy, but also a God-ordained

method of presenting timeless truths.
The heart of the prudent getteth knowledge; While the method of delivery is important, our
and the ear of the wise seeketh knowledge. focus verse points out that the hearer also has a
(Proverbs 18:15) critical responsibility. The one who is prudent and
wise will set himself to obtain knowledge, and
Almost every country of the world has make diligent search for it. For any good life, the
proverbsshort, pithy sayings that state a general desire to learn is indispensable. May we strive to
truth or piece of advice. Many regional proverbs cultivate a hunger for acquiring Gods divine truth!
reflect indigenous wisdom garnered from experience
over a long period time within the local environment. BACKGROUND
Other proverbs are more applicable in any era or These two chapters continue the section of
culture. Because proverbs are typically brief, colorful, Proverbs that is often called the Proverbs of
and captivating, they are very quotable and are easily Solomon. Most of the proverbs from 16:1 to 22:16
handed down orally. have a parallel construction, in which the second
A quick panoramic view of proverbs from around part of the verse further explains or repeats the first
the world reveals a common thread of instructive portion.
guidance mixed with vivid word pictures. In chapter 17, the encouragement to seek wisdom
Norway: In every woman there is a Queen. moves into the personal realm as Solomon presented
Speak to the Queen and the Queen will an- a variety of ways in which folly impacts family
swer. members (for examples, see verses 2, 6, 21 and 25).
Japan: A single arrow is easily broken, but not He showed that the strong family life portrayed in his
ten in a bundle. writings could entail vulnerability, for the tightly-knit
Sweden: Dont throw away the old bucket un- bonds of the families of the ancient east would suffer
til you know whether the new one holds water. immensely from the churlish behavior of one member.
Nigeria: He who is being carried does not real- While family was very important in that era,
ize how far the town is. Solomon recognized that friends and associates also
Romania: If you wish for good advice, consult impacted personal success and societal stability, which
an old man. he frequently alluded to as key aims of wisdom. With
Turkey: Measure a thousand times and cut this in mind, he warned against wicked doers and liars
once. (verse 4), mockers (verse 5), gossipers (verse 9), evil
Malaysia: Dont think there are no crocodiles men (verse 11), fools (verse 12), those who justify
because the water is calm. wickedness and condemn justice (verse 15), men
Denmark: God gives every bird its food, but prone to strife (verse 19), and those with a froward
does not always drop it into the nest. heart and perverse tongue (verse 20).
United States Native Americans: Dont judge Chapter 18 continues the theme of wisdoms
a man until you have walked two moons in his instruction regarding perils and blessings, with a
moccasins. recurring emphasis on peace in society and purity in
The proverbs of Solomon employ the same speech.
mechanics of wit, color, brevity, and guidance as Solomons proverbs generally assume a stable
these examples, but that is where the comparison environment (in contrast to the prophets, who lived
ends. Unlike secular proverbs, in which the only aim on the edge of calamity and warned of impending
is to state a truism or make a point in a picturesque judgment), and offer frequent counsel as to how to
manner, Solomons proverbs were divinely inspired. maintain that stability. In this chapter, he asserted
They serve a dual purpose: first, to instill spiritual that selfish desires cause a man to insist upon his own
wisdom that will help his hearers navigate the world way (verse 1). He also taught that contempt, dishonor,
safely, and second, to encourage those of the younger and disgrace are the companions of sin (verse 3), and
generation to remain pure and pleasing to God. The instructed in how to settle disputes quickly (verses
fact that God caused this collection to be included in 18-19).
the Bible shows that this ingenious and portable Many verses in chapter 18 allude to integrity in
method of passing on counsel was not only a conversation, and Solomon stated boldly that death
and life are in the power of the tongue (verse 21). He 3. Which proverb in this text do you think is the most
pointed out that the characteristics of pure speech are applicable to you at this time? What specific steps
consistent blessing (verse 4) and accurate reporting could you take in your life to apply the injunction?
(verse 8), and summarized by saying that fruitfulness
is the result of pure speech (verse 20). He warned
against the fool who finds delight in speaking rather
than listening and learning (verse 2), those who
use contentious words (verse 6), those who speak
before listening (verse 13), and those who offend and
contend verbally with a brother (verse 19).

A. The 375 proverbs of Solomon
2. The call of submission to God
(16:1 22:16) CONCLUSION
A CLOSER LOOK Proverbs from around the world may teach us
about man and his ways, but the proverbs in the Word
1. What animal does Solomon say it would be better
of God point us to true wisdom and the necessity of
to meet than a fool?
diligent effort to acquire and retain it.
NOTES
2. What does Proverbs 17:22 teach us about the

importance of attitudes?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS Word, our lives will be a reflection of Jesus in our

hearts and a testimony to those around us.
Even a child is known by his doings, whether his
work be pure, and whether it be right. BACKGROUND
(Proverbs 20:11) The text today continues the proverbs with
Solomons spiritual wisdom. This portion was written
Soon after I became a Christian, my five-year- in the parallel style; the initial thought is amplified or
old son told me he wanted to ask Jesus into his heart, repeated by the latter part of the verse. Most of the
as I had done. Assuming he was too young to really proverbs from 16:1 to 22:16 have this construction.
understand what that meant, I did not think God Proverbs 19 offers instruction related to
would answer his prayer. However, I did not want him character, and has two primary themes. Learning to
worrying that he wouldnt go to Heaven, so I decided handle wealth and to heed instruction were essential
to humor him and we prayed together. requirements for Israels youth, and the wisdom
Several months later, my mother and sister were teachers of Israel did not overlook these topics.
visiting and remarked that my sons behavior had The couplets in verses 1-17 deal for the most part
changed. They said that in the past, he had only with poverty and wealth; for example, in verses 6
wanted to play by fighting with them, but now he and 7, Solomon taught that wealth brings favor and
was calm. I had noticed a change also. He had quit friendships, but poverty often causes relatives and
biting his sister, he was cooperating with me in the fair-weather friends to forget a person. Verses 18-29
mornings, and he no longer gave up in frustration focus on the importance of listening. The phrase that
when something was difficult. My sister asked what thou mayest be wise in thy latter end in verse 20
had happened to bring about this change in his could be translated that you may be wise the rest of
behavior and I thought back, trying to remember your days, indicating the high value that Solomon
when I had first noticed it. Then I realized that it was placed on instruction. In many of these verses (see
when we had prayed together, and I knew that Jesus verse 23, for example), it is made clear that those
had come into his heart. who trust God are spared a great deal of harm.
A few years later, I noticed that my son was Although the fear of the Lord is not a guarantee of
beginning to be drawn towards the things of the freedom from harm or loss, it does ensure that faithful
world. After reading a book about cowboys, he followers of God will be under Gods protection
announced that he wanted to learn to play poker. forever.
When I told him no, he started carrying a deck of Proverbs 20 addresses means and ends related
cards in his pocket. He did not disobey me and play to the preservation of stability in the community,
with them, but I could see that he wanted to. One day, and like the preceding chapter, can be divided into
he brought home a cassette of music that I had banned two sections. The first section (verses 1-14) relates
and asked if he could listen to it. When I said no, he primarily to the character of the righteous, making it
added the cassette to his pocket. clear that the godly man will avoid strong drink and
After a few more things went into his pocket, I strife, will be industrious and faithful, and will walk in
told him that if he would pray, God would take away integrity. The second section (verses 15-30) includes
his longing for the things of the world and he would the recurring themes of wisdom and lasting wealth.
be happier. A short time later, I observed a change in The sages observations related to these themes
his behavior again. He no longer seemed to be drawn bring out the peril of laziness (verse 13), the fact that
toward activities that were questionable, or that would knowledge is more valuable than wealth (verse 15),
not be good for him spiritually. I checked his pockets that obtaining ones inheritance by unjust means will
and found that they were empty. I realized that there cause the forfeiture of Gods blessings (verse 21), and
had been a real change: God had sanctified him. the abomination of cheating (verse 23).
Our focus verse says that even a child is known
by his doings. Just as my sons behavior reflected AMPLIFIED OUTLINE Hannahs Bible Outlines
what was in his heart, our actions as adults reveal III. The sayings of the way of wisdom
what is in our hearts. If we have received the life- A. The 375 proverbs of Solomon
changing experiences of salvation and sanctification, 2. The call of submission to God
and we continue to seek God and be obedient to His (16:122:16)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. How do the actions of a foolish son affect his
parents?
CONCLUSION
The conduct of a child is not only a revealer of
2. Verse 8 of chapter 19 states that a person who loves his character, but also what kind of relationship he has
his soul will obtain wisdom. What are some ways in with God. The same is true of us!
which we can obtain the wisdom of God? See verses
16, 20, and 27 for examples. NOTES
3. Proverbs 20:7 says, The just man walketh in his

integrity: his children are blessed after him. What
blessings might be experienced by those whose
parents lived lives of integrity?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS which was of far more value than great riches.
Winning the respect and approval of others requires
A good name is rather to be chosen than great careful rule of our conduct, making sure that it is
riches, and loving favour rather than silver and consistently righteous and above reproach. That is the
gold. (Proverbs 22:1) only way we will have the positive regard and trust of
others.
Bill Gaither, an American singerandsongwrit- If we are Christians, we represent our Father to
erofSouthern Gospelandcontemporary Christian others who are watching our lives. We want to make
music, tells a story which illustrates the importance of sure that we maintain a good name that will be a
maintaining a good name. Bill and his wife, Gloria, credit to the God we love!
wanted to build a home in the area where he grew up.
They spotted a parcel of land on the outskirts of town, BACKGROUND
and found out the owner was a ninety-two-year-old Todays text continues a section of Proverbs
retired banker. This gentleman owned a great deal of which began with chapter 10. This segment of the
property in the area, but it was well known that he re- book is comprised primarily of stand-alone verses
fused to sell any of it. which impart common sense instruction and spiritual
In spite of that fact, Bill and Gloria decided to wisdom related to everyday matters. Many of these
visit the man in person, hoping to convince him to maxims have a parallel construction in which the
let them purchase a part of his holdings. The farmer second part of the verse further explains or repeats
listened politely to their request, and then responded the first. The topics addressed in this text include
the same way he always did: he was not interested Gods control, pride, diligence, violence, pleasure
in selling. However, after making that statement, he seeking, lying, covetousness, the training of children,
paused and then asked the Gaithers, What did you generosity, and oppression of the poor.
say your name was? Bill responded, Gaither. The The corner of the housetop mentioned in verse
farmer stared at him for a moment, and then asked, 9 refers to the Hebrew custom of building a small
Any relation to Grover Gaither? Bill answered room on the house rooftop to accommodate guests. It
yes, that Grover was his grandfather. Nodding was generally less commodious than the area below
thoughtfully, the farmer commented, Grover Gaither used by the family, and could only be accessed by a
was the best worker I ever had on my farm. Full days ladder. The contentious woman of this verse is also
work for a days pay. So honest He looked at Bill alluded to in verse 19.
and Gloria again, So, what piece of ground did you The scorner referred to in verse 24 is one who
say you were interested in? Just a few days later, the is proud and arrogant, and whose unrestrained and
purchase agreement was finalizedthe farmer sold contemptuous words prove his corrupt nature.
the Gaithers the fifteen acres they wanted, and for Proverbs 22:6 is a familiar Scripture which
substantially less than market value! In the following alludes to child-rearing. The verb translated train up
years, Bill and Gloria often told their children that indicates the earliest instruction given to a child in
they had the privilege of growing up on that beautiful, his formative years, and has the sense of restricting
lush piece of property because of the good name of a or narrowing forward movement into a prescribed
great-grandfather they had never met. path. This type of restraint directs the child into the
What do people think when they hear your manner of living which is intended for him. The
name? Are their recollections and impressions of you writer likely had moral training primarily in mind, as
positive? Are qualities of graciousness, godliness, the same word train is used elsewhere in Scripture
diligence, or kindness what come to mind? Todays with the sense of dedicating. While this verse offers
focus verse lets us know that if we are wise, we will reassurance to godly parents who are striving to teach
not ignore these questions. Our names matter! their children the ways of God, it is not a guarantee of
A good name is far more than just a unique salvation; every individual has been given a free will
identifier with a combination of syllables that sounds and must approach God as a matter of personal choice
sophisticated, impressive, or classy. It is more than in order to obtain salvation.
a parental choice to name us after a distinguished The Hebrew people took the discipline and
ancestor or beloved family member. Solomon used instruction of children very seriously. Verse 15 of
the phrase a good name to denote a good reputation, the same chapter is another admonition to parents
who seek to train their children correctly. Like
many of Solomons proverbs, this one begins with
an observation: he noted that foolishness (related to
folly) is an integral part of every childs heart. The
Hebrew word translated as foolishness is ivveleth, 3. In reference to Proverbs 21:21, what are some
and it includes the thought of stubbornness. The specific ways we can follow after righteousness in our
rod of correction, symbolic of parental restraint day?
or discipline, is necessary for a childs proper moral
development (see also Proverbs 13:24). This verse
is not a license for physical mistreatment of a child,
but rather, it points out that a lack of discipline
hinders the childs moral development. It is the
responsibility of parents to ensure that their children
have a clear understanding of right and wrong, and
loving discipline is a key factor in developing that
understanding.

A. The 375 proverbs of Solomon CONCLUSION
2. The call of submission to God
A good reputation and the loving approval of
(16:1 22:16)
others are far more important than other measures of
A CLOSER LOOK success.
1. What does Proverbs 21:6 tell us about those who NOTES
try to get ahead by dishonest means?
2. Why do you think Solomon so frequently addressed

the proper handling of wealth and material possessions?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS in a world that needs to be reached for Christ, and

we should not shirk our responsibility to reach out to
Make no friendship with an angry man; and those who need God. However, we must be cautious
with a furious man thou shalt not go: lest thou when developing close relationships. We need strong,
learn his ways, and get a snare to thy soul. spiritually encouraging friends to help keep us lifted
(Proverbs 22:24-25) up when the negativity around us threatens to get
us down. We need associates who do not thrive on
Some years ago, I remember seeing a skit at our critical talk to maintain peace in our hearts. We need
church youth camp where a girl stood on a chair people who love and support Gods Word to keep us
holding the hands of another person who was standing full of hope.
on the floor. As hard as she tried, the girl on the chair Are our friendships encouraging us toward a
could not pull the person below up onto the chair. closer walk with God or pulling us away from Him? It
However, when the roles were reversed, the person is critical for us to answer that question honestly and
on the floor was able to pull the girl off the chair with make any needed adjustments.
very little effort. It was a great demonstration of the
fact that it is much easier to pull someone down than BACKGROUND
to lift someone up. That is not only true physically, This passage begins the third section of the Book
but also spiritually. of Proverbs, a portion known as the words of the
Choosing to associate closely with people who are wise men. Some commentators suggest that these
not where they should be spiritually will influence us proverbs, from Proverbs 22:17 through 23:11, were
in a downward direction. Often the negative pulls written by other sages and compiled by Solomon.
are subtle, at least at first. We might be influenced The writing style has been associated with an
to be discouraged, careless about spiritual matters, ancient Egyptian wisdom book called Instruction
or critical. Perhaps there is a temptation to gossip, of Amenemope, while the personal nature of the
shade the truth, or engage in questionable activities. writings is reflective of parental instruction or a
Although we might not realize that we have been teachers tutoring of a student.
affected, we can gradually become desensitized, and Proverbs 22:22-23 prohibit exploiting the poor.
wrong behavior patterns could become acceptable The phrase in the gate refers to the custom of
and allowed in our own lives. In time, that negative having the judicial court located at the gate of the city.
influence could even cause us to turn completely away The teacher warned that God would judge those who
from God. oppress the poor and afflicted.
Solomon was aware of that danger. Our focus Referring to business practices in verses 26-29,
verses admonish us to keep away from angry a warning is given regarding the danger of assuming
peoplethose whose lives are characterized by responsibility for someone elses loan. The phrase
frustration and outbursts of temper. He pointed out why should he take away thy bed from under thee?
that relationships with such individuals would put points to the possibility of losing ones possessions as
ones personal stability and equilibrium in jeopardy, a result.
because an angry persons path is full of snares that Proverbs 23:10 admonishes against appropriating
any misstep can trigger. land from the fatherless. In Solomons era, it was
The people we spend time with help shape us into customary for the next of kin to redeem land from a
the people we become. Recently I read about a young relative who could not afford to develop it, and the
musician who wanted to become more accomplished Hebrew word for redeemer in verse 11 indicates that
on her instrument. Her teacher advised her to play God will be the substitute kinsman for orphaned
upto practice with individuals who were highly landowners.
skilled musicians. The teacher knew that playing The Hebrew word for hell in verse 14 is sheol,
along with them would help the young woman meaning the grave. The inference in this verse is
improve her own proficiency. that proper discipline of a child can deter him from
What about us? We may not be musicians striving reckless choices and premature death.
for musical expertise, but the same principle applies Verses 19-21 warn against associating with
to our personal relationships. Those we associate drunkards or those who habitually over-indulge
with will impact who we are. It is true that we live because their lifestyle leads to poverty and lethargy.
Verses 22-25 encourage a son to honor his parents 2. How do we buy the truth?
and embrace instruction. Repeating the thought of
verse 16, the author pointed out that the son who lives
wisely and righteously brings joy to his parents.
A warning against sexual promiscuity is given
in verses 27-28. Verses 29-35 describe the adverse
physical, emotional, and mental effects of alcohol.
III. The sayings of the way of wisdom 3. The admonition in Proverbs 22:28 is against
B. The words of the wise removing ancient landmarks. How can we retain the
1. The introduction (22:17-21) landmarks of the Bible in our society today?
2. The counsel
a. Concerning oppression (22:22-23)
b. Concerning companions (22:24-25)
c. Concerning pledges (22:26-27)
d. Concerning boundaries (22:28)
e. Concerning skilled labor (22:29)
f. Concerning conduct as a guest
(23:1-3)
g. Concerning wealth (23:4-5)
h. Concerning evil hospitality (23:6-8)
i. Concerning guarded speech (23:9)
j. Concerning boundaries (23:10-12)
k. Concerning discipline (23:13-14) CONCLUSION
l. Concerning correct speech It is wise to be cautious in our choice of
(23:15-16) companions. We will be influenced most by those
m. Concerning evil companions we associate with most, so it is important to choose
(23:17-21) friends with characteristics we would like to develop
n. Concerning respect for parents in our own lives.
(23:22-25)
o. Concerning immoral women NOTES
(23:26-28)
p. Concerning wine (23:29-35)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. What does Proverbs 23:4 say should not be the
purpose of our labor?
DAYBREAK
Proverbs 24:1-34
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS For those of us who have been forgiven and

saved by Jesus Blood, we have a cultivated field we
I went by the field of the slothful, and by the are charged to occupy till our Lord returns. We need
vineyard of the man void of understanding; to produce crops instead of weeds, and fruit instead
And, lo, it was all grown over with thorns, and of thorns, but that will take diligence! May we take
nettles had covered the face thereof, and the stone advantage of today and work our fields.
wall thereof was broken down. Then I saw, and
BACKGROUND
considered it well: I looked upon it, and received
instruction. (Proverbs 24:30-32) This chapter is a continuation of the third section
of Proverbs referred to as the words of the wise.
Last year while driving through our fishing The first twenty-two verses offer wise counsel to
community, I noticed the boat of a young family man a son, while the concluding verses contain further
who lives nearby. It was beached, neglected, and prudent advice from wise sages.
partly submerged in water, though we were in the Verses 1-2 warn against associating with evil
peak of the fishing season. As far as I knew, the man men because of the violence and trouble they devise.
was healthy, but he and his family were subsisting While some Bible scholars think the house referred
on a government allowance. With some initiative, to in verses 3-4 alludes to a family, others suggest it
he could have been engaged in commercial fishery is symbolic of a mans character. The precious and
and providing for his family, but he apparently was pleasant riches possibly refer to the blessings a man
choosing not to, so his boat sat idle. receives through wise living.
This scene reminded me of our focus verses, in The implication of verses 5-6 is that the strength
which Solomon described the field and vineyard of of wisdom is superior to brute force, and seeking wise
the slothful. The land had been neglected; thorns and council is advisable before entering into battle. This
nettles flourished everywhere. As Solomon passed does not necessarily refer only to physical battles,
by, he observed that although the ground was fertile, but can also be applied to day-to-day challenges
the stone wall surrounding it was broken down and in general. The gate of the city was where judicial
nothing useful was growing in the field. decisions and counsel were given, but verse 7 infers
Roman statesman Cato Major once said, Wise that wisdom is out of reach for the fool, because he
men profit more by fools than fools by wise men; has nothing worthwhile to offer.
for wise men will avail [learn from] the faults of Verses 11-12 indicate that declining to help a
fools, but fools will not imitate the virtues of the person who is in mortal danger and then pleading
wise. In our text, Solomon not only observed the ignorance is not acceptable. God perceives the motive
neglected field, but he considered it thoughtfully of every heart and will judge accordingly.
and received instruction. While Solomon did not In verse 15 the wicked are warned against
state his conclusion, the implication is apparent. Wise conspiring to harm the righteous. Verse 16 does not
individuals are diligent, make good use of potential at suggest that the righteous will sin, but rather that
hand, and profit from their labors. The slothful have they may fall into difficult circumstances. The phrase
opportunities they do not take, obligations they do seven times was a Hebrew adage for frequently.
not fulfill, and potential they do not exerciseand in The implication is that the righteous, with Gods help,
the end, will find that their field is grown over with will rise up and keep going, while the calamity of the
thorns. wicked will cause their lasting destruction.
This proverb has a spiritual application. Our souls These things also belong to the wise (verse 23)
are our fields, and we have a responsibility. We can may indicate that this section of the Book of Proverbs
tend our souls diligently, making sure that we guard continues a group of sayings from various sages of
against encroaching weeds, or we can indifferently that era. An honest answer is likened to a kiss in verse
neglect our spiritual well-being. If the latter is our 26, meaning it will win respect and affection.
choice, in time our souls will be overgrown with The phrase build thine house in verse 27 could
thorns and nettlesthe pride, covetousness, refer to marriage and having children. The implication
malice, and the inordinate lusts and passions which is that it is needful for a man to prepare ahead of
the fallen human nature produces. If no fence is time so that he possesses the means to provide for his
erected, there is no safeguard to keep the enemy out. family.
Used by permission per WORDsearch 3. What are some specific ways we can tend to the
fields of our souls?
B. The words of the wise
2. The counsel
q. Concerning envy of evil men
(24:1-2)
r. Concerning wisdom (24:3-10)
s. Concerning aid for the oppressed
(24:11-12)
t. Concerning wisdom (24:13-14)
u. Concerning protection of the
righteous (24:15-16)
v. Concerning reaction to others
misfortune (24:17-18)
w. Concerning fruit for evil doers CONCLUSION
(24:19-20) Solomons indictment of the sluggard contains a
x. Concerning respect for authority spiritual warning for our day: neglect or indifference
(24:21-22) regarding our spiritual wellbeing will have eternal
3. The cautions (24:23-34) consequences.
a. Concerning impartial judgment
(24:23-26) NOTES
b. Concerning planning a house
(24:27)
c. Concerning false witness
(24:28-29)
d. Concerning idleness (24:30-34)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. Whom does Solomon say we are to fear?
2. What principle regarding decision making is

implied by the instruction in verse 6?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS Larry had seniority so it was only right that he stay
on; I needed to plan to be out of work in a few days.
If thine enemy be hungry, give him bread to eat; At the end of our conversation, he asked me what
and if he be thirsty, give him water to drink: For my tradeexperiencehad been prior to coming to
thou shalt heap coals of fire upon his head, and the his shop. Not supposing that my response was of
Lord shall reward thee. (Proverbs 25:21-22) particular importance, I told him I had worked in a
much smaller shop doing metalfabrication. Although
When I was in my early twenties, I worked in the I did not know it at the time, that type of work was
construction industry as a sheet metal apprentice. Just typically reserved for seasoned journeymen. The
a week after I married, I was laid off from the shop foremans eyes lit up when he realized that a lower-
where I had been workingsomething that was not paidemployee possiblypossessed skills of a more
uncommon for entry-level employees in the building highly compensated worker. Later that day, he
trades at that time. This was stressful, of course, but reassigned me to another project where Iworked
after a few uncertain weeks, I was relieved to be alongside some of the best and most highly regarded
summoned to work at a local fabrication shop. There men in the shop.
I learned my assignment was to assist a guy named Looking back, I can see how the Lord blessed me
Larry in the most undesirable task in the entire shop. for adhering to the principles of His Word. Our focus
It was a dirty and strenuous job, and to make matters verse brings out that the most effective way to deal
worse, Larry took exception to the fact that I was a with those who do us harm is to do good in return.
Christian. This can be challenging at times, even for those who
His harassment began with unkind verbal have faith and confidence in the Lord. However, God
innuendos. Soon these became cruel and mocking willhonorthose who honor Him. When we choose
remarks, often made in the presence of others. I began to take the high road and live by Gods principles, He
each day with the certain knowledge that I would have will bless us, and His name will be glorified by our
to endure another round of humiliating comments actions.
hurled in my direction. Then, to make matters worse,
Larry began to look for ways to put me in harms BACKGROUND
way. One time he nearly ran over me with a forklift Chapters 25 through 29 are the final collection of
as we were moving pallets of metal from one area proverbs written by Solomon. These were preserved
to another. What was initially just an embarrassing and copied by scribes under the direction of King
situation became one that was potentiallydangerous. Hezekiah, one of Judahs most godly kings. Some of
However, I did not report this. Larry had worked at the most memorable statements in all of the Book of
the shop for a long time and was seemingly well- Proverbs are found in this section. The sequence and
regarded by the senior shop workers. Since I was subject groupings of the statements indicate a careful
the newest member of the crew, it seemed prudent to editorial arrangement that is more observable than in
remain silent or risk becoming unemployed again. other sections of the book.
I made up my mind to follow instruction from Many of the sayings in chapters 25 and 26
Gods Word in dealing with Larry, determining were directed either toward the king or those who
that not only would I pray for him, but I would be interacted with him in court matters. During the time
as kind and helpful as possible.Everydaybecame of Hezekiah, Judahs governmental structure was
a newopportunityfor me to be the best worker I large and complex. (Insight regarding its complexity
knew how to be,and to make him look good to the is found in 2 Kings 18-20.) Those in governmental
supervisors, since he wastechnicallyin charge of positions needed wisdom, and that concern is reflected
our assigned duties. Of course this puzzled him. in this collection. The royal responsibilities spelled
While hecertainlywas not receptive to my Christian out in these proverbs provide helpful wisdom for
convictions, in time he began to find fewer reasons to leaders of every era.
make my life miserable. Another theme with prominence in these
Then one day the shop foreman took me aside chapters is that of proper speech. In Proverbs 25:11-
and informed me that while Larry and I had done 14, Solomon offered four comparisons related to
great work, we were caught up, and itwasntfeasible oral communication. He said timely words were as
for the company to keep both of us as employees. pleasing as golden apples in settings of silver. He
compared the one who listened to wise counsel and 2. How would you paraphrase the advice given in
obeyed to ornaments of fine gold. Also, he likened Proverbs 25:17?
a dependable and truthful messenger to a cold drink
in hot weather. On the other hand, he said those
who boasted falsely of oral skills were like clouds
and wind without rain. The statement in verse 15
that a soft tongue breaketh the bone, means that
gentle speech calms the most obstinate resistance. In
chapter 26, verses 4, 5, 7, and 9 also allude to prudent
speaking.
Paul quoted from Proverbs 25:21-22 in Romans 3. What advice contained in Proverbs 25 and
12:19-20. The precise meaning of this proverb has 26 would you consider to be most important or
been debated, but most Bible scholars agree that it applicable to your life?
teaches one should respond with kindness rather than
seeking vengeance against one who does evil.
The first 12 verses of chapter 26 summarize the
folly of fools. The implication in verse 2 is that a
baseless curse will have no effect. While verses 4-5
may seem contradictory, they bring out that answering
a fool requires stooping to his level, while at other
times a decisive response is necessary to expose
foolishness. The implication in verse 8 is that giving
honor to a fool is as ludicrous as binding a stone in
a sling, thus eliminating the possibility of it being
launched.
Verses 13-16 concern the lazythose who CONCLUSION
make excuses for their inactivity, and prefer sleeping When we choose to return good for evil instead
to working. Verses 17-28 refer to various types of of seeking vengeance, we honor God through our
troublemakers. The statement that there are seven obedience to His Word.
abominations in his heart (verse 25) reflects the
utmost degree of evil, as seven is the number of NOTES
completeness.

C. The words of Solomon arranged by the men
of Hezekiah
1. The introduction (25:1)
2. The 119 proverbs
A CLOSER LOOK
1. In Proverbs 25:28, to what does Solomon compare
the one who has no rule over his own spirit?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS chicken with us. Although we were not destitute of

food at this time, we did not have very much, and
And thou shalt have goats milk enough for thy we certainly would not have had chicken for dinner.
food, for the food of thy household, and for the The Lord looked down that day and blessed us. There
maintenance for thy maidens. (Proverbs 27:27) were thirteen of us in allseven of us children, my
mother, Mrs. Hoover, her three children, and her
Remembering how the Lord brought her nephew who drove them to our house that day. And
family through distressing ordeals during the Great we were a hungry bunch! But after we had eaten all
Depression in the United States, a Christian lady and we wanted, there was chicken left over! Many years
her son related the following witness to how God after that, Mrs. Hoover would tell about the time the
provided for their family. Lord multiplied the chicken.
When the children were still young, my husband While our focus verse is not intended to be a
had an attack of rheumatism, and was in great pain. promise that will overrule circumstances, it is clear
He was so helpless that he could not even get his that God blesses and watches over His people. This
hands to his face. One day his pulse became so weak family proved that He is ever mindful of our needs
I thought he was dying. I gathered the children around and attentive to our prayers when we do our best to
his bed and we started praying for him. His pulse follow Him. We can prove the same truth!
became stronger, and then each day he slowly began
to improve. Eventually, he was able to get out of bed BACKGROUND
and walk and use his arms and hands. These two chapters continue the compilation of
That same winter the weather was very Solomons proverbs which were copied and preserved
severe. One blizzard after another came along, with by King Hezekiahs scribes.
temperatures well below zero. One day we did not In chapter 27, Solomon offered counsel
have enough wood to last through the night, and concerning human relationships. Repeating a common
there was no money to buy more. However, God was theme among the proverbs, special attention is
watching over us. About dusk that evening a young directed in this portion of text to how ones words can
man drove into our yard and left a load of wood. We be used for good or evil. Verses 2, 5, 14, 15, 17, and 21
had no idea he would be bringing it! Many times the all contain admonitions regarding speech.
Lord helped us in situations that seemed hopeless. Heavy rainfall in Solomons day caused the
Her son recounted, For years we had been very, earthen roofs to spring numerous leaks, generating
very poor, and the future looked bleak. But after my great exasperation. In verses 15-16, he compared
father was saved, we could pray and ask God to help this irritation with the continual ranting of an
us. It seemed that the Lord allowed us to go through argumentative woman, inferring that she was
trials because of my fathers ill health, but He always annoying and impossible to restrain.
answered our prayers and took us through. The proverbs in verses 23-27 are based upon
One winter, my father was very ill again. It the nomadic lifestyle of a large segment of Israels
was hard on the family. The summer before, we had population from Solomons time. His point was that
planted potatoes. This was during the drought, and because life is fleeting and uncertain, one should be
few people could get anything to grow. But from that diligent and act with foresight, giving responsible
one patch, we dug about sixty bushels of potatoes. attention to home, family, and occupation, just as a
During that winter, about all we had to eat were farmer must tend to his lands and herds.
potatoes, but we knew the Lord had answered our Chapter 28 provides another series of comparisons
prayers and had helped us again. between the rewards of walking uprightly and
On Thanksgiving one year, a situation happened the judgments that will accrue to one who is evil.
that I would never forget, no matter how far I was Several categories of wickedness are denounced: the
from God. My father and a Christian man named Jack oppressor, those who forsake the law, the perverse, the
Hoover had gone to Minnesota to look for work. Mr. riotous, those who lead the righteous astray, wicked
Hoovers wife, Margaret, had raised some chickens rulers, the greedy, the flatterer, and the proud.
that year. She had sold most of her chickens, but The Book of Proverbs frequently reveals Gods
had kept one that she planned to fix for her family, compassion for the poor; verses 6, 8, 11 and 27 in this
and the Lord laid it on her heart to share that one chapter are examples of this.
Used by permission per WORDsearch CONCLUSION
III. The sayings of the way of wisdom If we are following God, there is no need to fear
C. The words of Solomon arranged by the men deprivation. Our omniscient Heavenly Father is on
of Hezekiah His throne, and He sustains us.
2. The 119 proverbs
NOTES
A CLOSER LOOK
1. What characteristic of a wise or prudent man is
given in Proverbs 27:12?
2. How would you explain the word picture presented

in Proverbs 27:17?
3. Proverbs 28:26 admonishes us to walk wisely.

What are some specific ways we can do this?
DAYBREAK
Proverbs 29:1-27
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS unaware that he was being watched by warriors who

had been sent to kill him. However, when the men
Where there is no vision, the people perish: drew close to Brainerds tent, they saw the missionary
but he that keepeth the law, happy is he. on his knees. As he prayed, a rattlesnake slithered
(Proverbs 29:18) next to him and prepared to strike, flicking its forked
tongue almost in the missionarys face. Amazingly,
We may never fully understand the tremendous the snake suddenly turned and glided away into the
influence of a holy, Spirit-filled person who is brush. The Great Spirit is with the paleface! the
committed to spreading the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Indians said, and when he approached their village,
David Brainerd was such a person; he was a man who they welcomed him.
was intensely aware that where there is no vision For five years, Brainerd traveled from village
[spiritual revelation or divine guidance], the people to village, preaching with such tenderness and
perish. conviction that the inhabitants were frequently
Brainerd was born in a Connecticut village on melted to tears. His efforts took a terrible toll on him
April 20, 1718. Orphaned at the age of fourteen, he physically, but he felt compelled to put his whole
earned his living by working on farms, and eventually strength into evangelism.
went to live with the pastor of a local church. Under Brainerd was only twenty-nine years of age when
that godly mans teaching, he became a serious he passed away. His gravestone says simply, A
student of the Bible and began setting aside whole faithful and laborious missionary to the Stockbridge,
days to fast and pray as he sought God. Finally, on Delaware, and Susquehanna Indians. However,
July 12, 1739, he had a glorious salvation experience. his life challenged many to dedicate themselves for
A longing for the whole world to see this lovely, Christian service. World-famous missionaries such as
blessed, and excellent way sprang up in his heart. Henry Martyn, William Carey, and Adoniram Judson
Brainerd was plagued by poor health. pointed to David Brainerds devotion as a source of
Tuberculosis (known as consumption in those days) personal inspiration.
was widespread in colonial New England, and he As our focus verse states, Brainerd knew that
contracted the disease in his youth.In spite of this where there is ignorance of God, the people perish in
ailment, however, at the age of twenty-four he began sin. Because of that compelling truth, he devoted his
a missionary career among the Native American tribes short life to doing everything in his power to spread
of the East Coast. Gods message.
Shortly after the start of his missionary work, Do we understand the importance of the vision
feeling that his first months had been woefully that motivated David Brainerd? What are we doing to
unproductive, Brainerd set aside a day for secret proclaim the Gospel?
fasting and praying from morning till night. He was
overwhelmed by a sense of his own unworthiness, BACKGROUND
the depravity of the tribes he was attempting to reach This chapter, which offers counsel to both rulers
for Christ, and the weakened condition of his body. and citizens, concludes the section of Solomons
He read extensive passages from the Bible, dwelling proverbs copied by Hezekiahs scribes, which began
especially on the accounts of men such as Elijah and at Proverbs 25.
Paul. Brainerd longed to be like them. From these Several negative categories of people are
times of intercession, the pattern of his life was mentioned in this text: the defiant, the flatterer, the
formed, as he solemnly consecrated himself to walk scornful, the bloodthirsty, the angry, and the thief. As
in the footsteps of the heroes of the Bible. O that I is common throughout the Book of Proverbs, several
may be, as were they,aflame for God,he wrote in contrasts are made between the wise and the foolish.
his diary. Specific instruction is also given to parents, primarily
Brainerds first journey to the Delaware people related to proper discipline.
resulted in a miracle that preserved his life and In this chapter, attitudes are addressed. Verse 1
established him among the tribes in the region as a states that those who stubbornly refuse to act upon
prophet of God. Encamped on the outskirts of a reproof will be swiftly and suddenly destroyed.
Native American settlement, Brainerd planned to enter Verse 7 contrasts the person with a compassionate,
the community the next morning to preach. He was caring heart to one who is unconcerned about
the poor. Verses 22-23 stress that anger stirs up 3. Verse 2 acknowledges the importance of righteous
conflict, and a prideful attitude ultimately results in rulers. What are ways that we can support righteous
humiliation. authority?
Several of the verses relate to the responsibility
of rulers. Verse 2 emphasizes that a righteous ruler
brings gladness to the people, but a wicked ruler
causes mourning. Verse 4 presents a parallel thought,
bringing out that a king who practices justice
establishes the land. Verse 12 points out that the
servants of a king will likely adapt themselves to the
practices of the sovereign; if he accepts falsehoods,
those who serve him will become skillful in lying.
In verse 14, the point is made that faithfulness to the
poor will bring stability to the kingdom. Verse 26
acknowledges that while many will seek the favor of
an earthly king, only God controls the destiny of men. CONCLUSION
If we fail to spread the message of salvation,
those whose lives we might have influenced may
III. The sayings of the way of wisdom perish in their sins. May God help each one of us to
C. The words of Solomon arranged by the men do our part to proclaim His truth!
of Hezekiah
2. The 119 proverbs NOTES
A CLOSER LOOK
1. Many seek a rulers favor, hoping for advantages
in his decisions, but where does true judgment come
from?
2. Verse 8 references scornful men. In what ways

might people speak scornfully of God in our day?
DAYBREAK
Proverbs 30:1-33
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS a decision to place our trust in God regardless of the

unknowns. God is faithful. When we put our trust
Every word of God is pure: he is a shield unto unconditionally in Him, we can count on Him to be
them that put their trust in him. (Proverbs 30:5) our Shield from the attempts of Satan.
One day in December of 1875, Ira Sankey, song

BACKGROUND
leader for evangelist D. L. Moody, was traveling on This chapter contains the words of Agur. Since
a steamboat when some of the passengers recognized his name does not appear in any other Jewish
him and asked him to sing. Although they asked him literature, nothing is known about him except that he
to sing one of his own compositions, he chose instead was a wise teacher. Some believe he may have been
William Bradburys well-known hymn Savior, Like a a profoundly wise person from a country other than
Shepherd Lead Us. Israel.
One of the stanzas of the song began, We are Some commentators suggest that Ithiel and Ucal,
Thine; do Thou befriend us. Be the Guardian of our mentioned in verse 1, were proper names, perhaps
way. When he finished, a man stepped to his side identifying favorite pupils of Agur. Others assume
and asked him, Did you ever serve in the Union they are Hebrew words pointing to Agurs search
Army?Mr. Sankey replied that he had. The man then to know God. They could be translated as, I have
inquired if he had been doing picket duty at a certain wearied myself, O God, and come to an end.
location on a night in 1862, and Mr. Sankey replied In verses 2-3, the author humbly acknowledged
with surprise that he had. The man proceeded to tell his lack of understanding concerning Gods ways;
him this amazing account. verse 4 continues his thought by emphasizing Gods
I was on patrol for the Confederate army that sovereignty compared to mans limitations. In verse
night. When I saw you standing at your post, I thought 5, Agur stressed that mans inadequacy can be
to myself, That fellow will never get away alive. I surmounted by trusting in Gods sovereign Word.
was standing in the shadow, completely concealed, Verse 6 warns against supplementing Gods words.
while the full light of the moon was on you. I raised In verses 7-9, Agur requested that God protect
my musket and took aim, but at that instant, just as him from pointlessness and untruths, and that he
a moment ago, you raised your eyes to Heaven and would be allotted only that which permitted him to
began to sing. Let him sing his song to the end, I maintain his integrity.
said to myself, I can shoot him afterwards. Hes my Verses 10-33 offer a series of numerical
victim at all events, and my bullet cannot miss him. proverbsa style of Hebraic poetry which uses
The song you sang then was the song you sang numerical sequences to aid in memorization and
just now. I heard the words perfectly: We are Thine; emphasize truths. In this section, each couplet gives
do Thou befriend us. Be the Guardian of our way. four examples to support the authors premise.
Those words stirred up memories. I began to think Verses 11-14 list four types of reprehensible
of my childhood and my God-fearing mother, who transgressors: rebellious children, the self-righteous,
had many times sung that song to me. When you had the scornful, and cruel oppressors.
finished your song, it was impossible for me to take Verses 15-16 compare the horseleach (a
aim again. I thought, The Lord who is able to save bloodsucking parasite), with four insatiable entities:
that man from certain death must surely be great and the grave, the barren womb, the dry earth, and fire.
mighty. And my arm of its own accord dropped limp Verses 18-19 associate four phenomenathe
at my side. eagle gliding through the air, the snake slithering on
What a beautiful illustration of the truth contained a rock, a ship navigating the high seas, and a mans
in our key versethat God is a shield to them who enticement of a maidwith the incomprehensible
put their trust in Him. While we may not always be way of an adulterous woman who fails to see the error
preserved from physical harm as Mr. Sankey was, of her ways (verse 20).
God always provides a spiritual shield of protection Verses 21-23 identify four unbearable types of
from Satans attacks. By putting our trust in Him, we people: a servant who has become a ruler, a fool who
will always experience deliverance. has acquired wealth, an unloved, rejected spinster
There may come a time, when in the face of who has obtained a husband, and a female servant
uncertainty or danger, we will need to simply make who has supplanted her mistress.
Verses 24-28 describe four creatures which, 2. Verses 11-14 refer to a generation that is proud and
although small in size, offer instruction for wise unjust. In what ways might these characteristics be
living: the ants that prepare and labor to provide for evidenced?
their future needs, the conies (or badgers) that hide in
small crevices to protect themselves, the locusts that
exemplify organization, and the spiders (or lizards)
that resourcefully increase their quality of life.
In verses 29-31, the author cited four examples of
boldness and power: the valor of the undaunted lion,
the resoluteness of the greyhound (literally meaning
girt in the loins and also translated as rooster or
war horse), the mountain goats conquest of higher
elevations, and the kings triumph over his foes. 3. Name some ways in which we might be shielded
In verses 32-33, the author exhorted his hearers by putting our trust in God.
to acknowledge and repent of prideful conduct. He
observed that just as churning milk produces butter,
and wringing the nose causes bleeding, stirring up
anger creates dissension and strife.

D. The words of Agur (30:1-33)
1. His personal reflections (30:1-9)
a. Introduction (30:1-4)
b. Exhortation to reliance on divine
revelation (30:5-6)
c. Requests (30:7-9) CONCLUSION
2. His proverbs (30:10-33)
a. Concerning slandering a slave Do you feel like you need a shield in your life?
(30:10) Put your trust fully in God. He has promised to
b. Concerning four kinds of wicked protect us from the enemy of our souls, and He will!
persons (30:11-14) NOTES
c. Concerning four insatiable things
(30:15-17)
d. Concerning four wonderful things
(30:18-20)
e. Concerning four intolerable things
(30:21-23)
f. Concerning four little things
(30:24-28)
g. Concerning four stately things
(30:29-31)
h. Concerning restraint (30:32-33)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. What four living creatures does Agur say are small
but wise?
DAYBREAK
Proverbs 31:1-31
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS to be all that we can be in our devotion to God and

others.
Who can find a virtuous woman? for her price is
BACKGROUND
far above rubies. (Proverbs 31:10)
This chapter begins with words of wisdom from
Natalie, a young woman in our congregation, often King Lemuels mother. There was no king of Israel by
testifies about the tremendous spiritual influence her this name, so Lemuel was either a non-Jewish king or
godly grandmother had on her life. She relates, When this name was symbolic for one of Israels rulers. In
I was a young child, my parents were divorced, and I verse 2, Lemuels mother expressed loving concern
lived with my grandmother for about a year. She was for him, and indicated that she had previously pledged
my shining example of what a Christian should be. him to God. Then she went on to state three important
Every morning when we woke up, and every evening lessons for her son. First, in verse 3, she warned
before we went to sleep, we would read the Bible and against making sensual alliances with women, stating
praysometimes for longer than I could keep my that doing so would ultimately cause his destruction. In
eyes open! She always tried to do the right thing, and verses 4-7, she admonished restraint from intoxicants,
she impressed upon me to do the same. She witnessed saying they hinder the ability to judge wisely. She
to others at every opportunity, and had a prayer list also indicated that strong drink should be used only
filled with people she may have only met once, as for medicinal purposes to deaden pain at the point of
well as those she loved and cared for most. What a death, or when suffering from great distress. Finally, in
gift God gave me to spend so much time with such a verse 9 she exhorted her son to stand up for those who
stalwart Christian! After my grandmother passed away, could not defend themselves, and to rule righteously,
I purposed in my heart that if I could be even a portion upholding the cause of the poor and needy.
of what she was for God, He would be pleased. Many Bible scholars believe verses 10-31 were
Without question, Natalies grandmother was authored by someone other than Lemuel. In the
a virtuous woman. But Natalies story could be original language, they were written as an acrostic
retold with thousands of variations. Virtuous means poem: each of the twenty-two verses started with a
strength of character and a moral firmness. Many of subsequent letter of the Hebrew alphabet. Each verse
us have known women of virtuewomen with a specifies a different trait possessed by a virtuous wife
determination to love and serve God faithfully. If they and mother, and concludes with verses portraying her
had children, nothing was more important to them as one who reveres God, and is praiseworthy in all she
than to instill in their children a devotion to God. They accomplishes.
would find time to kneel in prayer, perhaps with their This conclusion to the Book of Proverbs is
arms around those children, interceding for their souls. especially notable because previous chapters
They made every effort to show by their lives the graphically describe women who are contentious and
necessity of living for God. sinful. In contrast, this text provides a striking example
Our focus verse declares that the value of such of a woman who portrays Gods wisdom and fulfills
women is far above rubies. A woman of strong Gods purpose for her life.
moral character who is unfailing in her devotion
to God and family is priceless! All that she does AMPLIFIED OUTLINE Hannahs Bible Outlines
contributes to the well-being of her household. Her III. The sayings of the way of wisdom
industry, resourcefulness, and character are above E. The words of Lemuel (31:1-31)
reproach. 1. The appeal of Lemuels mother (31:1-9)
This portrayal could seem daunting. Most of us 2. The acrostic poem on a virtuous woman
do not possess all the unusual attributes and abilities (31:10-31)
of this outstanding woman. Yet the characteristics
pictured in this passage are achievable. We do not A CLOSER LOOK
become virtuous by our own strength or determination: 1. What are three of the activities performed by a
it is only through the grace of God imparted to our virtuous woman?
hearts that such a testimony of excellence is possible.
Like Natalies grandmother, we can look to this
Proverbs 31 woman as an example and inspiration
CONCLUSION
May we determine to be virtuous men and women.
Making the effort through Gods help will bring a
priceless result.
NOTES
2. What are some reasons a virtuous woman might
rejoice?
3. How might we demonstrate having the law of

kindness on our tongues?
DAYBREAK
Overview for Ecclesiastes

Purpose: To record the Wisdom Preachers own pessimism. The book is particularly notable for its
experiences and reflections on the meaning of life, and iconic phrases: vanity of vanities; all is vanity,
to lead the younger generation into the path of true there is no new thing under the sun, and he who
wisdom. increaseth knowledge, increaseth sorrow. Solomons
stylistic methods are similar to methods used by
Author: The Preacher, the son of David, king in
teachers of his day. He employed literary forms
Jerusalem (Ecclesiastes 1:1). Although generally
that were also utilized in Proverbs and Job, such as
accepted to be Solomon, the writer never discloses his
proverbial sayings, admonitions, parables, allegories,
own name.
and rhetorical questions.
Date Written: Most likely during Solomons aging
Setting: Solomon ruled Israel for forty years, and
years (about 955 to 931 B.C.), since it is clearly the
during his reign the nation enjoyed a period of peace
work of a mature individual.
and prosperity. During this time frame, the nation of
To Whom Written: Though not specifically stated, Israel was respected throughout the known world more
internal evidence indicates it was directed toward the than at any other point in its history. However, foreign
young men of Israel. influences, religions, and cultures began to filter into
the nation which had been commanded to remain
Unique Features: The title Ecclesiastes does not
separate from the world and dedicated to the Lord.
appear in the original manuscripts. It comes from
God gave Solomon the opportunity to observe
the word translated preacher in the first verse. In
and explore every avenue of earthly life. Since royal
Hebrew, that word is goheleth, meaning a presiding
power, prestige, wealth, and every conceivable
officer or one who speaks to an assembly, school, or
pleasure were at his disposal, Solomon could and
religious body such as a synagogue. In the Septuagint
did gratify every desire. In Ecclesiastes 2:10 he
(the translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek), the
stated, And whatsoever mine eyes desired I kept not
Greek term Ecclesiastes was used, from the root word
from them, I withheld not my heart from any joy.
ekklesia, meaning assembly. That term was carried
However, in spite of all his exploits and achievements,
over into the English translation as the name of the
the predominant tone of this book is one of futility.
book.
Other than following God and His plan for mankind,
Literary Style: Ecclesiastes is one of five wisdom Solomon concluded that all is vanity and vexation
books (Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and Song no created good can satisfy the soul, and happiness is
of Solomon) in the Old Testament. These books to be found in God alone.
represent a major shift in style from the historical Jewish tradition states that Solomon would
books which proceed them. gather together the young and old before the Temple
The content of Ecclesiastes is not logically or and instruct them regarding the vanities and errors
tightly organized. Rather, the book is a series of which would lead them away from God. Even to this
impressions, observations, positions, and emotional current day, the Book of Ecclesiastes is read in Jewish
responses which fluctuate between faith and synagogues during the Feast of Tabernacles.
A complete amplified outline of this book is available on our website at www.apostolicfaith.org.
I. The theme stated (1:1-11)

A. The theme introduced (1:1-2)
B. The theme illustrated (1:3-11)
II. The theme defended (1:126:12)
A. The emptiness of seeking for knowledge (1:12-18)
B. The emptiness of seeking for pleasure (2:1-11)
C. The meaninglessness of lifestyle (2:12-17)
D. The emptiness of human toil (2:18-23)
E. The basis of happiness is in God (2:24-26)
F. The realization that death stalks everyone (3:1-22)
G. The inequalities of life (4:1-16)
H. The emptiness of religious formalism (5:1-7)
I. The emptiness of the life of man (5:86:12)
III. The theme applied (7:112:7)
A. Advice concerning ones life (7:19:12)
B. Advice concerning wisdom (9:1312:7)
IV. The theme concluded (12:8-14)
A. The theme rehearsed (12:8)
B. The preachers activity (12:9-11)
C. The preachers advice (12:12)
D. The preachers conclusion (12:13-14)
DAYBREAK
Ecclesiastes 1:1 through 2:26

Then I looked on all the works that my hands had The Book of Ecclesiastes begins with the author
wrought, and on the labour that I had laboured identifying himself as the Preacher, indicating that
to do: and, behold, all was vanity and vexation his words were intended to give instruction. The
of spirit, and there was no profit under the sun. Hebrew word goheleth, translated preacher, means
(Ecclesiastes 2:11) a person who speaks to an assembly, school, or
religious body. While the writer never disclosed his
Barbara Hutton, granddaughter and heiress of the own name, he identified himself as Davids son and
tycoon Frank W. Woolworth, the founder of a chain the king, so he is generally accepted to have been
of retail stores, was often portrayed in news reports Solomon, King of Israel.
as a lucky young woman. On her twenty-first In verse 2, Solomon stated his theme: All
birthday in 1933, she inherited forty-two million is vanity. The Hebrew word for vanity means
dollars, making her one of the wealthiest women in emptiness; something that is transitory like a vapor
the world. During her lifetime she had mansions built or a breath; vain or useless, and the repetition was for
around the world, including a house in Londons emphasis. The writer was saying that lifes secular or
Regent Park and a luxurious Japanese-style palace earthly efforts and activities are meaningless because
in Cuernavaca, Mexico. She bought Old Master they pass away so quickly. This establishes the tone of
paintings, important sculptures, and valuable jewelry, futility that is characteristic of the book.
including the forty-carat Pasha Diamond. Her lavish In verses 4-18, the vanity of life is illustrated
spending habits often put her in the spotlight, and by nature. Generations come and go, and the cycles
many people followed her extravagant lifestyle of nature continue. Every thing a person does has
with fascination. If wealth and publicity could have been done before, and what a person accomplishes is
brought happiness, she would have been a very happy soon forgotten. Earthly wisdom alone, though sought
woman. diligently, is not enough, for it cannot correct all that
However, she was not happy. Barbara married is crooked and wanting. The more one learns, the
and divorced seven times, attempted suicide, and more sorrow he has.
frequently appeared drunk in public. At times she In chapter 2, the writer recounted other areas
would give total strangers expensive gifts and money where he searched for meaning and profit. He set
to stay the night with her because she did not want himself to try pleasure (verses 1-3), looking to
to be alone. Although she had everything her heart amusement and wine, although not to excess for he
could desire in terms of material goods, emptiness and remembered wisdom in this matter. Then he pursued
loneliness seemed to fill her life. At her death in 1979 building and wealth (verses 4-11), constructing
it was reported that only about $3,500 was left of her houses, vineyards, gardens, and irrigated orchards. He
fortune. A movie made about her life a few years after had servants and richesanything he wanted, and his
her death called her a Poor Little Rich Girl. focus was completely on himself. Yet when he looked
Barbara Hutton certainly could have identified at all he had done and accumulated, it did not bring
with the author of Ecclesiastes, who described satisfaction.
pleasure and material prosperity as simply vexation Next, Solomon considered wisdom and folly
of spirit. Some translations render that phrase, (verses 12-17). He perceived that wisdom was better,
chasing of the wind, and Barbara was no more as light excelleth darkness, but the advantages
successful at attaining happiness from position, were short-lived. The lifespan of both learned and
pleasure, or possessions than one would be in unlearned individuals ends at the moment of death.
attempting to catch the wind. The writer observed that once a man died, he did not
Where are we looking for satisfaction? A good know whether the one who inherited the wealth he
starting point for finding the answer to that question had worked so hard to obtain was using it wisely or
is reviewing where we invest our time, energy, and not. Such thoughts brought despair to the writer and
resources. We want to make sure that we are not caused him to lose sleep.
chasing the wind, but are focusing on what will Finally, Solomon noted that satisfaction in life
bring lasting fulfillmentsomething that is found comes only from God (verses 24-26). He realized
only in God. that people should enjoy their food and drink and
also their labor, but this would happen only when 3. What steps can we take to make sure we seek for
they recognized that God made it possible. Verse satisfaction from the right source?
25 could be translated, For who can eat and who
can enjoy apart from him? God decides everyones
circumstances in life. He gives those who follow Him
wisdom, knowledge, and joy. However, if a person
labors only for earthly things, his efforts eventually
will be worthless to him.
I. The theme stated (1:1-11)

A. The theme introduced (1:1-2)
B. The theme illustrated (1:3-11)
1. The generations (1:3-4)
2. The sun (1:5) CONCLUSION
3. The wind (1:6) A person who searches for satisfaction in earthly
4. The rivers (1:7) things eventually will find his efforts worthless, for
5. The life of man (1:8-11) true satisfaction cannot be obtained through prosperity
II. The theme defended or pleasure. True fulfillment can only be found in
A. The emptiness of seeking for knowledge God.
(1:12-18)
B. The emptiness of seeking for pleasure NOTES
(2:1-11)
C. The meaninglessness of lifestyle (2:12-17)
D. The emptiness of human toil (2:18-23)
E. The basis of happiness is in God (2:24-26)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. How did the author of Ecclesiastes identify
himself?
2. What tone do you feel is predominant in these first

two chapters of Ecclesiastes?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS accept circumstances as they come to us, believing

that throughout all our experiences, God has a plan.
To every thing there is a season, and a time to We want to do our best to spend the span of years
every purpose under the heaven: a time to be born, allotted to us in a manner that will glorify Him. The
and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to secret to peace and contentment is to discover, accept,
pluck up that which is planted. and thank God for His perfect purpose and timing in
(Ecclesiastes 3:1-2) our lives.
On a beautiful day in early September, my BACKGROUND

husband and I drove to a local hospital with In todays text, the change in literary style from
excitement in our hearts. The day we had been prose to poetry marks the beginning of a new segment
anticipating for many months was here! Just a few of Ecclesiastes. This portion of the book continues
hours later, we held a new granddaughter in our arms. Solomons probe of lifes meaning by focusing on
Our hearts had already made room for four precious Gods control over all events.
grandchildren, but in one moment of time, this little Chapter 3 begins with a well-known poem
girl nestled into her own spot in our hearts. What a (verses 1-8) made up of fourteen pairs of contrasts
joyous experience to welcome another tiny member that use twenty-eight repetitions of the word time.
into our family! The writer declared his thesis statement in verse 1:
Six weeks later, as my husband and I were To every thing there is a season, and a time to every
finishing dinner, I had a call from my fathers purpose under the heaven. The word season means
caregiver, asking me to come quickly. I had seen Dad appointed time. Solomon recognized that God
just an hour earlierI had stopped by on my way controls the universe and the cycles of life. The range
home from work to give him a quick hug and see of human activities identified in the passage expresses
how he was doing. At that point he was sitting up in completeness, implying the inclusion of every similar
his recliner, seemingly resting comfortably. But in activity that occurs between the bookends of each
the short space of time between my five oclock visit pair of contrasts. Mankind cannot change the pattern;
and that dinner-time call, his physical condition had for example, one cannot alter the seasons for planting
changed. When I stepped to his bedside a few minutes and harvest. Man does, however, decide how he will
later and leaned over to kiss his cheek, I realized that respond to the order God has designed.
my dear dad had stepped into the presence of the In verses 9-15, the writer noted that the cycles of
Savior he had served so faithfully for almost eighty life can bring frustration for those who focus wholly
years. on earthly activities. He observed that people are
Those two events, juxtaposed as they were in a often anxious about the future but they cannot control
six-week segment of our family history, illustrate the it. Therefore, he concluded (as he had in previous
point that Solomon made in our focus verse: there is chapters) that people should find joy in the basic
a God-ordained season for everything, including a activities of lifeeating and workingbecause God
time to be born and a time to die. The original word is the One who makes those activities possible. His
translated season in this verse means appointed works are eternal, and man should respect and honor
time, so in the eternal foreknowledge of God, the Him.
moments of our granddaughters birth and my fathers Next Solomon addressed injustice and evil in
death were appointed before time began. the world. In verses16-22, he observed that at times
All of us have experienced our appointed justice is perverted, but God would judge. He noted
moment of birth. One day, if the Lord tarries, we will that like the beasts, a mans body becomes dust after
all experience our appointed moment of death. But in he dies. Commentators have varying opinions about
between those two moments, we live lifea sacred the meaning of verse 21. Some feel the writer was
gift from our Creator, and one that should be used declaring that mans spirit went to God for judgment
carefully and thankfully. and the beasts spirits went to the earth. Others believe
Most of us will experience some things among Solomon had a question about that when he said,
the range of life events described in our text. These Who knoweth? In verse 22, he concluded again that
are not random happenings that occur by chance; they people simply should enjoy the basic activities of life
are all part of our Creators divine purpose. Let us that are given to them.
In chapter 4, Solomon reviewed areas of life 2. Why do you think Solomon inferred in Ecclesiastes
that may be inequitable. He felt disheartened when 4:9 that it is preferable to have companionship during
he looked at those who were oppressed (verses ones journey through life?
1-3). They had no one to help them when they were
exploited by those who had power. At this point
he concluded that it would have been better for the
oppressed to have died or never been born at all
(although he put forth a differing opinion in 9:4).
He looked again at work (verses 4-6) and when
considering that some who endeavored mightily were
driven by envy and competitiveness, he pointed out
that this was vanity. Others did nothing, and therefore 3. How can we prepare ourselves spiritually to endure
used up what they had. Consequently, Solomon the difficult life events which are common to the
recommended a moderate position of making a calm, human family?
reasonable effort.
Solomon noted that companionship is better than
being alone (verses 7-12). He said a person without
child or brother who works obsessively because he
is greedy will find his efforts to be vain, but those who
work together will all benefit.
Scholars believe that verse 13 is a proverb
that was known by the people of Solomons time.
Verses 14-16 expand the proverb to add that a king
eventually loses his position, admiration, and wealth
in old age as he is replaced by the next generation.
Solomon concluded that even a kings reign amounts
to vanity (nothing) in the end. CONCLUSION
As we journey through the seasons and
Used by permission per WORDsearch circumstances of life, we will experience both
II. The theme defended pleasant and adverse events. Trusting that God has
F. The realization that death stalks everyone ordained them all will bring peace and stability to our
(3:1-22) hearts.
1. The absoluteness of Gods program NOTES
(3:1-15)
2. The inevitability of Gods judgment
(3:16-22)
G. The inequalities of life (4:1-16)
1. The oppression of men (4:1-3)
2. The futility of earthly endeavor (4:4-6)
3. The value of companionship (4:7-12)
4. The futility of high station (4:13-16)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. What did Solomon say that God had made beautiful
in His time? (Ecclesiastes 3:11)
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS included the making of vows. He also pointed to

the importance of keeping vows that are made, and
When thou vowest a vow unto God, defer not to warned against backing out of a vow by claiming
pay it; for he hath no pleasure in fools: pay that it was a mistake. His three-part emphasis made it
which thou hast vowed. (Ecclesiastes 5:4) abundantly clear that any person who makes a vow
before God will be held accountable to keep it.
Marriage vows are an illustration of the sacred Circumstances in life change. Adversities come.
nature of vows made before God. For sixty years, Feelings ebb and flow like the tide. However, vows are
David and Ruby Jordan of Suffolk, Virginia, lived a solemn commitment, and they must be kept. We can
by the wedding vows they had taken. They proved purpose to follow the example of David and Ruby, and
their adherence to the words in sickness and in make sure that we keep our vows!
health, in adversity and in prosperity, as well as their
commitment to each other. BACKGROUND
In March of 1998, Ruby suffered a stroke This portion of text can be separated into two
and it was discovered that she had the disease segments. In verses 1-7 of chapter 5, Solomon offered
thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome, which kills words of advice on two topics: reverence in worship
brain cells. She spent six months in the hospital, and (verses 1-3), and caution regarding vows (verses 4-7).
then was transferred to a skilled nursing facility. When The remainder of chapter 5 (verses 8-20) and all of
Ruby did not respond to treatment there, David made chapter 6 address how to adjust to economic problems.
the decision to bring her home. Amazingly, once she In chapter 5, verse 1, the phrase keep thy foot
was back in familiar surroundings, a change began to alludes to exercising reverence when in Gods house,
take place. Although she could not speak, she started and being an obedient listener, rather than engaging in
communicating with her family and friends through meaningless worship. In verse 2, the Preacher exhorted
gestures and smiles. against speaking impulsively to God, indicating that
The family was able to obtain in-home nursing prayers should be reverent and contemplative.
help during the day, but David took care of Ruby Verses 4-7 address the necessity of fulfilling vows,
from the time he arrived home from work at 4:00 each emphasizing that it is better not to make a vow at all
evening until 8:00 the following morning. He never than to fail to accomplish it. The word angel in verse 6
complained, and he always wore a smile. could be translated as messenger of God, and most
From the outset, David wanted to make life as likely refers to the priest. It was not uncommon during
normal as possible for his beloved wife. He had a that time for the priest to be told that a certain vow
special van equipped to accommodate her wheelchair, was a mistake, and therefore unredeemable. Solomon
and he took her out and aboutto church, shopping, emphasized that God took all vows seriously, and
and on other outings. In 2004, he took her on a four- punishment could result if vows were not kept.
day vacation to Myrtle Beach to celebrate their fiftieth In verse 8, the writer stated that the oppression of
wedding anniversary. Another time he rented a boat the poor and perversion of those in government should
and arranged a fishing trip for her, because she had come as no surprise, but there is a higher Power
always loved fishing. who ultimately would be the Judge over all. Verse 9
David once said, I know what she needs and conveys that the harvest benefits everyone, and even
when she needs it, but I guess after being married for the king is entitled to his fair share.
more than fifty years, thats not hard to do. I cherish Verses 10-17 focus on the vanity of trusting in
my wedding vows and I think everyone who takes personal wealth. Those who put their confidence in
them should honor them. If your spouse gets ill or riches are never satisfied, and the accumulation of
becomes disabled, do what you can to help them. After wealth brings more responsibility. While the sleep of
all, I know that if the shoe were on the other foot, she a laborer is peaceful, the rich are wakeful because of
would do the same for me.1 He proved those words stress over their responsibilities and wealth.
until Ruby passed away in 2014. In verses 18-20, Solomon said it is acceptable to
David and Rubys vows, while taken before God, enjoy the fruit of ones labor as long as God is given
were made to each other. In todays text, Solomon the credit for providing it. He brought out that those
addressed the subject of vows made to God. He who acknowledge their portion as a gift from God
cautioned against being rash or hasty in speech, which would experience joy and gladness.
In chapter 6, Solomon continued his practical 2. Why is it short-sighted to focus all our time and
counsel on the theme of material prosperity. In verses efforts on material prosperity?
1 and 2, he pondered the fate of a man whom God had
allowed to obtain wealth, but who did not live to enjoy
it. He concluded that the acquisition of riches as a
purpose in life is vanity.
In Solomons culture, living a long life and
having many children were considered worthy goals.
However, verses 3-6 indicate that if a mans life is
not filled with goodly purpose or worthy fulfillment,
or he is not honored with a proper burial, it would be
preferable for him to never have been born.
Verses 7-9 emphasize that mans spiritual appetite
cannot be satisfied with material gain. The wise man
and the fool, the poor and the wealthy, will all end in 3. Since labor and possessions bring no lasting
the grave. Solomon also brought out that it is better to satisfaction, what should we focus on in this life?
be content with what the eyes can see than to desire
something that is unattainable.
Verses 10-12 point out that it is futile for man to
contend with God. Man does not have the ability to
know what is best in life, and can do little to determine
what will happen in the world after he is dead.
II. The theme defended CONCLUSION

H. The emptiness of religious formalism (5:1-7) A vow is a solemn commitment or contract made
I. The emptiness of the life of man (5:86:12) before or to God, and it is vital that we are very careful
1. The oppression of the poor (5:8-9) about keeping such commitments.
2. The emptiness of wealth (5:10-17)
a. It does not satisfy (5:10-12) NOTES
b. It is temporal (5:13-17)
3. The basis of happiness is in God
(5:18-20)
4. The emptiness of mans experience
(6:1-9)
5. The futile struggle against fate (6:10-12)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. How did Solomon say a fools voice would be
known? Ecclesiastes 5:3
1. The Suffolk News-Herald, September 8, 2004 Jordans Celebrate 50th Anniversary in Spite of Adversity
DAYBREAK
Ecclesiastes 7:1-29

In the day of prosperity be joyful, but in the day The proverbs and observations in this chapter
of adversity consider: God also hath set the one seem to be a response to the question posed at the
over against the other, to the end that man should end of the preceding chapter, What is good for
find nothing after him. (Ecclesiastes 7:14) man in this life? (Ecclesiastes 6:12). A series of
comparisons in the first twenty-two verses of this
For most of my life I have been blessed with good chapter, frequently employing the word better,
health, but there was a period of time when I had offer practical wisdom for those living in a sinful
what seemed to be a serious internal disorder. One world. The remainder of the chapter is an exhortation
night when sleep was elusive, I remember standing in against self-righteousness, also emphasizing that
our darkened hallway, looking out at the lights of the while wisdom is a worthy attribute, it is limited, and
city. Occasionally an airplane could be seen passing insufficient to allow man to fully understand life.
overhead. As I stood there, my thoughts turned to In verses 1-4, Solomon made the observation that
all those across our land (and around the world, for everyone eventually dies, so how one lives should be
that matter) who were suffering from an incurable or taken seriously. In verse 1, he stated that a persons
terminal illness. Although God allowed my sickness birthdate matters less than his day of death, and a
to linger for a time before sending healing, during good reputation is more valuable than costly perfume,
that period I found new appreciation for my usual which at that time was used at banquets to scent ones
good health, and a deeper compassion for those who head and garments. The reference to going to a house
suffered. of mourning (funeral home) was a reminder to take
A number of years later, I was blindsided by occasion to reflect on lifes brevity and consider
the sudden loss of my job. I was at an age and in lifestyle choices. Verse 3 is not a condemnation of
a specialized field where finding a new position laughter, but rather conveys that taking life seriously
would be difficult. In times like that, it is natural to is more beneficial than living for amusement.
experience a range of emotions: a feeling of failure, In verses 5-6, Solomon pointed out that it is better
financial worries, or a temptation to be upset at the to heed the rebuke of the wise than to be swayed by
management who orchestrated the situation. However, the flattery of the foolish. The crackling of thorns
I did not want to be angry or vindictive toward my symbolized the noisome chatter of a person who has
former employer. I realized that God had allowed much to say but little of it has value.
the circumstances that we were facing, and the godly Verses 7-10 are a warning against allowing
response would be to leave the whole matter in His judgment to be biased by personal circumstances,
hands. The Lord helped me do that. I was able to say such as oppression. Caution is better than rashness,
in my heartand mean itthat nothing mattered, so for anger hinders clear thinking and sound judgment.
long as one day I made Heaven my home. The Lord It is best to submit to Gods timing and will.
took good care of us. We came through that trial, and I Verses 11-12 bring out that wisdom and an
grew spiritually through the experience. inheritance are both good, and both bring benefit to
Those two incidents were challenges for me, but the recipient. However, wisdom is preferable because
they have been interspersed in periods of good health it can lead one to life.
and stable employment. The fact is, sooner or later Verses 13-14 address the thought that acceptance
everyone goes through adversityChristian and non- of the sovereignty of God is better than indignation at
Christian alike. Our focus verse indicates that God His works. God allows both prosperity and adversity
allows challenges to be interwoven with times of joy for mans benefitprosperity causes rejoicing, while
in our lives so that we do not rely on our own wisdom adversity prompts reflection and persuades man to
or abilities to carry us through. Events occur that are trust in God.
beyond our control to alter or alleviate, and through Verses 15-22 point out that integrity is better
them we learn the importance of relying on God and than pretentiousness. Solomon stated that since the
trusting in His divine plan for our lives. righteous sometimes die young while the wicked
Let us purpose in our hearts to accept the good live long, judgment is not always evident in this life.
and not-so-good in life as coming from God, and lean He cautioned that self-righteousness could destroy
on Him to carry us through. ones integrity and influence, and wickedness could
hasten ones death. Verse 20 speaks to the depravity 2. Why do you think Solomon stated in verse 8 that
of humanity. In the original Hebrew, it does not imply the end of a thing is better than its beginning?
that it is impossible to live without sinning; rather, it
states that no individual is born sinless, or just.
In verses 23-29, Solomon reflected on his quest
to attain wisdom. He found that it was out of his
reach, and he reasoned that the depth of wisdom
was impossible for man to know. He also pointed
out that a righteous man would be able to escape 3. What specific aspect of practical wisdom from this
a provocative woman, but the sinner would be chapter can you apply most directly to your own life?
ensnared. The authors assumption was that only one
man in a thousand was truly wise, while the number
of wise women was even less. This sentiment aligns
with 1 Kings 11:4, which states that in his latter years,
Solomons many wives influenced him to turn away
from God.
This chapter concludes with an inference that God
had originally created man upright, but sin caused
man to flagrantly defy Gods will and go astray.

III. The theme applied

A. Advice concerning ones life CONCLUSION
1. The statement of better things (7:1-14) True wisdom will cause us to consider behavior
2. The need for moderation (7:15-22) options and choose those that will ultimately lead to
3. The futile desire for wisdom and eternal profit.
women (7:23-29)
NOTES
A CLOSER LOOK
1. What visual picture did Solomon use to illustrate
the laughter of the fool?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS night is comingwhen mans work is oer. Dad was

one who lived by that perspective, and it can be our
Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it with way of living as well. Lets make sure that we apply
thy might; for there is no work, nor device, nor ourselves wholeheartedly to every task God gives us.
knowledge, nor wisdom, in the grave, whither thou We want to live and work with eternity in view!
goest. (Ecclesiastes 9:10) BACKGROUND
In todays focus verse, Solomon challenged Chapters 8 and 9 of Ecclesiastes continue
his hearers to work industriously because once a Solomons practical applications on the theme of
person passes from this earth there will be no more ultimate profit.
opportunity to do so. My father was one who modeled Chapter 8 addresses submission to authority, and
the counsel of that Scripture. conveys the thought that although the wicked appear
For as far back as I can remember, Dad was to prosper, judgment comes to all, and in the end it
always busy with whatever tasks came his wayboth will be well with those who fear God. In verses 1-6,
in the work of the Lord, and in helping individuals the author advised obedience when serving under an
who had problems that a good mechanic could assist autocratic ruler. Verse 1 may have been a familiar
with. Did your furnace go out? My dad was the man proverb at that time, implying that a mans wisdom
to call. Your car not running right? Ask him to take would light up his face and change his countenance.
a look at it; hed probably be able to figure out the The oath of God in verse 2 possibly alludes to the
problem. Water heater leaking? Need input on an air- oath of loyalty to the king. Verses 3-4 advise against
conditioning system? Need duct work installed or rashness in ones dealings with the king, stating that it
some electrical work done in your branch church? is unwise to question his authority. Verses 5-6 indicate
It seemed there were always needs, but I never that submission will keep one from being chastised,
remember Dad showing the slightest hesitation in and the wise will consider that, in the course of time,
undertaking a task for someone else. judgment will be rendered to everyone.
For years, we joked about Dads job jar. It was In verses 7-9, Solomon pointed out that life
kind of a byword around our house that if we had sometimes does not offer options. Man does not
something that needed fixing or a project that was possess the ability to predict the future or the day of
awaiting his attention, we should put a note in his job his death. Just as it is not feasible for a soldier to be
jar. If such a jar had actually existed, I am certain it discharged in time of war, it is not possible for one
always would have been full! While there was no jar, to avoid wickedness if his heart is evil. The authors
he did carry a little notebook around in his front shirt observation was that rulers at times govern in a way
pocket, so as needs were brought to his attention, he that warrants Gods judgment against them. The
could make a note of them. implication in verse 10 is that although wicked rulers
Dads work was not limited to mechanical are allowed to govern in spite of their abuse of power,
challenges. He and my mom carried on a ministry they eventually die and are soon forgotten.
among the seafaring men who visited our city. They Verses 11-13 point out that when judgment is
invited the men to church, to our home, on picnics, delayed, wicked individuals continue to sin without
and on countless outings around our area. Dad kept fear of punishment. The author reasoned that those
meticulous records of the men he met, and took who fear God and reject evil will be the benefactors
literally thousands of photographs which he later of Gods favor. On the other hand, the days of the
mailed to the seafaring mens homes as memories wicked are as a shadow, and it will not be well with
of their visits. He also faithfully shared a portion of them in the end.
his testimony with people whose lives intersected In verses 14-15, the author wrestled with the
with his. Even in his final months, in a bedridden concept that the righteous sometimes suffer, while
condition, he often would think of individuals he had the wicked appear to prosper. He concluded that the
known years before and would ask me to mail them a best one can do is to live and enjoy life to the fullest
printed account telling of a time in his life when God during the time God gives on earth.
had worked miraculously in his behalf. In verses 16-17, Solomon surmised that even if
Solomons words in our focus verse make me one searched day and night, mans earthly wisdom
think of Annie Coghills old hymn, Work for the can never comprehend the purposes of God.
The text in chapter 9 indicates that since death 2. How would you paraphrase Solomons words in
happens to everyone, whether righteous or wicked, a Ecclesiastes 9:11?
person should make the best of the life he has. Verse
1 of chapter 9 indicates that the righteous and wise
are in Gods hands, and outward manifestation of a
persons works is not indicative of how that one will
be received by God when he dies. Verses 2-3 state
that death comes to all, regardless of whether they are
righteous or evil.
In verses 4-6, the author emphasized that life is
better than death because there is hope. The living
know that their day of death is coming, and can adjust 3. What are some steps you could take to improve a
their choices accordingly. However, the dead are soon skill or talent that could be used in the work of the
forgotten, and can no longer experience either lifes Lord?
rewards or adversities.
In verses 7-10, Solomon gave his philosophy
of life: enjoy life while you can. Bread and wine
were common elements of a meal at that time, and
the implication was that God approved of mans
enjoyment of life. Wearing white garments for feasts
and pouring oil on mens heads during celebratory
events were customary symbols of pleasure. The
author also urged man to live happily with his wife
for the duration of his fleeting life, because that is
the reward for his labor. His conclusion was that one
should give his best to every endeavor during his
lifetime, before death destroys all opportunity for CONCLUSION
achievement.
The inference in verses 11-12 is that mans fate Our opportunities for service to God and others
is not determined by his strength, wisdom, or wealth, will end at the grave, so let us purpose to give our
since the passage of time and misfortune comes to all. very best efforts to whatever we have opportunity and
Just as fish and birds are caught unaware at the time ability to do.
of their entrapment, man is unable to foresee when NOTES
adversity might come his way.

A. Advice concerning ones life
4. The necessity of subjection to authority
(8:1-9)
5. The inability of man to solve all
problems (8:10-17)
6. The invitation to make the best use of
this life (9:1-12)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. In chapter 9, what two animals did Solomon
compare to illustrate the importance of hope?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS can all benefit by observing both the wise and foolish
conduct of others, and learning by their actions. When
This wisdom have I seen also under the sun, and we realize that God evaluates all we do, we see the
it seemed great unto me. (Ecclesiastes 9:13) necessity of living wisely, remembering that it is
vital to obey His guidelines and follow His plan for
Several years ago, when I was visiting my elderly mankind.
father, I mentioned that our upcoming Sunday school
lesson was on wisdom, and asked if he had any BACKGROUND
words of wisdom to share with me. Over the years, After deeming in chapter 9 that wisdom was
I had come to value my fathers sound reasoning, but I greater than strength, the Preacher presented several
naturally did not expect a deep philosophical response contrasts in chapter 10 confirming the importance of
to such a casual inquiry. My dad smiled a little and being wise.
simply said, Keep your powder dry. We laughed at In verses 13-18 of chapter 9, the author cited a
the old expression, and then our conversation turned historical event, in which the counsel of a poor, wise
to other topics. man thwarted a powerful king from besieging a small
Later, as I was contemplating the lesson on city with few defenses. However, Solomon lamented
wisdom again, I reflected on Dads comment. that although wisdom was more effective than might,
Obviously, the warning he quoted had a specific the poor mans wisdom was no longer remembered.
application many years ago, when a persons food Still, he concluded that wisdom is better than strength,
supply or personal safety may have depended upon even if it goes unheeded by the masses.
a usable supply of gunpowder. The origin of the The author used a common adage in verse 1
phrase is not certain, but it may have been early in of chapter 10, pointing out that just as dead flies in
the English civil war of 1642, when Oliver Cromwell the pharmacists ointment cause it to be useless, the
admonished his troops, Put your trust in God, my honorable reputation of a wise man can be spoiled
boys, but mind to keep your powder dry. Whoever by one small character flaw or reckless deed. Some
first voiced the phrase, the concept would have been commentators think the right and left hands mentioned
well understood for centuries. Damp gunpowder could in verse 2 represent right and wrong courses. Others
imperil those who discovered its unusable condition at believe that the more expertly used right hand (if one
a moment when it was urgently needed. were right-handed) symbolizes a wise mans heart,
Dad was always one to consider the spiritual while the clumsier left hand illustrates the fools heart.
application of sound basic principles, and I cannot In verse 3, the author stressed that a fool is easily
help but wonder what he may have shared if we recognized by his actions and words.
had continued that conversation in earnest. Just as a Verse 4 brings out that one should not leave his
military officer reminded his men of the necessity for post of duty just because the ruler offended him,
caution in a basic matter, there certainly are spiritual for submission will bring calm to even the greatest
concepts that have been well known for centuries, but offences. In Solomons day, riding horses denoted
we must be reminded to observe them for our spiritual honor and prestige, and the writer used this as an
welfare or protection. analogy in verses 5-7 to point out that rulers often
That is precisely what Solomon was doing in the placed incompetent individuals in high positions,
Book of Ecclesiasteshe was reminding his hearers while the qualified were given a lower status.
of practical principles which they needed to observe Verses 8-10 teach that using wisdom when
for their own spiritual welfare. In todays text, he performing ordinary tasks can prevent one from being
highlighted one of the themes woven throughout unnecessarily harmed. In verses 11-15, Solomon
the book: the value of true wisdom. Our focus verse contrasted the words of the wise with those of the
introduces a historical incident which seemed foolish. While the wise mans words are gracious, the
great to Solomon, in which a poor man who was fool will ultimately be destroyed by his own words.
unrecognized as a leader delivered a city through Verse 15 is a proverb which may have been meant to
wisdom. denote that foolish behavior causes one to be ignorant
Like the maxim my father quoted, Solomons of even the simplest things in life.
proverbs, allegories, and admonitions were often In verses 16-19, the author implied that when
reflective of the society in which he lived. But we a ruler was immature or foolish, and allowed his
princes to feast in the morning rather than labor, the 3. How can we apply the principle taught in
kingdom would suffer. Laziness and idleness only Ecclesiastes 10:1 to our own lives?
result in decay and neglect, but hard work provides
the resources with which to enjoy the pleasures of
good living.
Verse 20 may have initiated the saying, A little
bird told me. It cautions against speaking or thinking
evil of those in authority, because someone could
repeat it.

B. Advice concerning wisdom
1. The exaltation of wisdom (9:13-18)
2. The conduct of wisdom (10:1-20) CONCLUSION
a. Wisdom and foolishness contrasted
(10:1-3) There are many nuggets of sagacious advice in
b. Wisdom and social status (10:4-7) Solomons proverbial statements. We want to pay
c. Wisdom advocated (10:8-10) attention to and learn from his observations and
d. Wisdom and words (10:11-15) experiences.
e. Wisdom and the king (10:16-20) NOTES
A CLOSER LOOK
1. What did Solomon say was better than weapons of
war?
2. What do you think is meant by the words wisdom

is better than strength?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS Flowing from our attitude of awe, reverence, and

honor should be actions that are obedient to Gods
Let us hear the conclusion of the whole matter: instructions. He spoke through the Old Testament
fear God, and keep his commandments: for this prophet Samuel, declaring that obedience is better than
is the whole duty of man. For God shall bring sacrifice (1 Samuel 15:22), and Solomons instruction
every work into judgment, with every secret to keep his commandments reinforces that principle.
thing, whether it be good, or whether it be evil. Obedience from a pure heart is the highest form of
(Ecclesiastes 12:13-14) worship we can offer God. Ecclesiastes 11:9-10 warns
of the folly of excluding God and His expectations
I spent a number of years in the banking industry, from our lives because someday all will be judged.
where I had a colleague whose response to any pro- God will measure every action, so we must be careful
posed program or initiative was, Whats the bottom to put away evil.
line? This question, framed in monetary terms, sim- Today, as in Solomons time, the bottom line for
ply meant that when all the positives and negatives our lives can be simply stated in two questions. Do we
of the proposal were added together, would the bank fear, reverence, honor, and stand in awe of God? And
profit? Of course there were non-financial aspects to have we set our hearts to worship Him supremely by
consider as well, such as customer service, legality, following his commandments, instructions, principles,
and ethical issues, but the same question could be and precepts, making them the basis for our lifes pur-
asked in each of those areas. Often our discussions pose and decisions? Lets make sure that our lives line
would move into tangential areas of concern and grad- up to these principles.
ually drift far from the issue at hand. Inevitably, my
colleague would pull us back to the point by asking,
BACKGROUND
But what is the bottom line? He was careful to keep In previous chapters, Solomon explored the
us zeroed in on what really mattered. meaning and purpose of life from mans perspective
Our lives can easily become sidetracked and our and found that it was often vanity. In todays text, he
focus subtly shift from the things of God to things of exhorted his hearers to make good decisions because
little value. We are reminded by this text that there is the result would determine future joy.
a bottom line, and we must pay attention to it if we In chapter 11, he advised benevolence in giving to
are to live life as God intended. guard against an uncertain future. He also admonished
In the final two verses of Ecclesiastes, Solomon the youth to enjoy life, but at the same time to
gives us the bottom line of life. All that he had said remember Gods ultimate judgment. In chapter 12
in his discourse to the young men of Israel reached a he advised that the sensible time for turning to God
culmination in this passagea principle he seemed to was during ones youth, before the adversities of life
regard as the key to a fulfilling life. In essence, he was and the aging process would cause one to become
declaring that the entire responsibility of humanity disheartened. Solomons final assessment was
can be condensed to two simple issues: our attitudes that mans duty in life is to fear God and keep His
(fear God) and actions (keep His commandments). commandments.
Our attitudes should be marked by awe and rev- The Hebrew idiom given in verse 1 of chapter
erence toward God, the Creator of the universe. It is 11 was based on the custom of spreading seeds from
interesting to note that the writer used the same He- boats along the overflowing banks of the river. When
brew word for God (Elohim) in this passage that is the water receded, the grain settled in the soil and
used in the creation account of Genesis, rather than grew. The meaning was that whatever one gave to
the Jewish national name for God (Yahweh) that is others would eventually be returned. Verse 2 infers
frequently used in other texts. Solomons point was that diversity in business assets is advisable since it is
that we should stand in awe at the power of the God not possible to know what the future holds.
who spoke the worlds into existence. It should take Verses 3-6 imply that it is not wise to wait for
our breath away to consider that He takes personal ideal circumstances or good weather in order to do
interest in each individual on planet earth. Not a day ones work. God is in control of the elements, and
should go by that we do not honor and revere God for man cannot know ahead of time what will happen.
His gracious love and care for all of creation and for Therefore, it is imperative to use ones time wisely
us as individuals. and reap the rewards that hard work brings.
The implication in verses 7-8 is that though a man A CLOSER LOOK
lives a long life full of sweet and sunny days, death
1. What did Solomon say was a pleasant thing for our
will eventually come with many days of darkness
eyes to behold? What did he mean by that statement?
in the grave. In verses 9-10, the author encouraged
young people to thrive in their youth, while bearing in
mind that their every deed would be judged by God.
The admonition was that they should live responsibly
and maturely.
In verse 1 of chapter 12, the connotation of the
word remember is to consider and obey. The author
encouraged submission to God in ones youth, before
the darkening of the sun, moon, and stars, and before
cloudy days (verse 2). This depiction may have been
in reference to the grief and misery that sometimes 2. Why do you think Solomon implied that it is easy
accompanies old age. to forget God when we are young?
Verses 3-8 are a descriptive portrayal of the
aging process. Although translators differ in their
interpretations, the essence is that life can become
very difficult and dangerous as one grows older. The
eventual end is eternity, and the mourning of ones
death. The visual images in verse 6 symbolize the end
of life, offering no hope for restoration. Following
ones death, the body returns to dust, while the soul
returns to God. Verse 8 stresses the futility of life
without God. 3. What are the benefits of remembering our Creator
In verses 9-11, Solomon stated that because he early in life rather than later?
was wise, he endeavored to teach the issues of life
through many orderly proverbs. He sought to find
gracious words that portrayed uprightness and truth.
The author said his words were as the prodding of
goads and the piercing of nails.
In verses 12-14, the author signified that the
continual study of books would not provide the
meaning of life, which is to fear God and keep His
commandments; for all mans deeds, whether good
or evil, will eventually be judged by God.
III. The theme applied CONCLUSION

B. Advice concerning wisdom The only true profit in life is found in fearing God
3. The instruction of wisdom and keeping His commandments.
(11:1 12:7)
a. Exhortation to do good (11:1-6) NOTES
b. Exhortation to youth (11:712:7)
(1) Avoid evil (11:7-10)
(2) Remember God and death
(12:1-7)
IV. The theme concluded (12:8-14)
A. The theme rehearsed (12:8)
B. The preachers activity (12:9-11)
C. The preachers advice (12:12)
D. The preachers conclusion (12:13-14)
DAYBREAK
Overview for Song of Solomon

Purpose: To portray the physical and emotional Typical View. This viewpoint interprets the Song
nature of true love between a man and a womana of Solomon as a type of the love that Christ, the
love which remains faithful in spite of all temptations Bridegroom, has for the Church, His Bride. Since
to infidelity. faithful earthly love is our most precious human
relationship, it is understandable that some would see
Author: Solomon is mentioned in the opening verse this beautiful description of a human love relationship
and in six other places throughout the book. Though as being symbolic of the much greater love that exists
he is commonly accepted to be the author, the book in the divine/human relationship. Taking this approach,
may have been written by someone about Solomon. however, could allow other Scriptural passages to be
Date Written: Probably between 971 and 931 B.C. identified as a type, even in the absence of textual
during the early years of Solomons life, based on content that would suggest such an interpretation.
the style of Hebrew used by the writer. References Lyrical View. Some commentators suggest that the
to geographical locations throughout the kingdom of book is a collection of love lyrics composed for use
Israel also suggest that the book was composed prior at weddings, or as a means for a person to express
to 930 B.C. when the nation was divided into the affection toward his beloved. However, this view fails
northern and southern kingdoms. to explain the sense of narrative and the evidences of
unity throughout the book.
Key People: King Solomon, the Shulamite maiden,
the shepherd, the womans brothers, and the young Literal or Dramatic View. Many Bible scholars
women of Jerusalem. support this interpretation, which views the book as
a factual narrative. Adam Clarke suggests that the
Setting: The garden at the summer home of the king, book concerns Solomon and his bride, who was the
and the kings palace. Shulam, where the maiden daughter of Pharoah; this interpretation provides a
was from, is thought by many historians to have been framework for the passages which present intimate
Shunem, a farming community about sixty miles north details of the physical relationship between a man and
of Jerusalem. a woman. Another prominent holiness commentary
Special Features: The Song of Solomon is one of
views the narrative as a description of Solomon
the shortest books in the Bible, consisting of only 117 falling in love with a Shulamite maiden who had
verses. Considered by many to be the greatest love already given her heart to a young shepherd. In this
song ever penned, it is comprised of seven poems approach, the intimate passages are considered to be
(not necessarily in chronological order), which the Shulamites dreams of her beloved. This approach
are examples of Hebrew lyric poetrya type of is the one presented in the outline of Daybreak and
verse that has no established rhyme or meter. In the Discovery.
original language, the lines were arranged to express In view of the wide range of explanations of
a single thought in several ways through repetition, this book, a dogmatic position as to its interpretation
amplification, and/or contrast. The metaphors should not be taken. As Adam Clarke states, Each of
and descriptive language portraying the intimate these opinions has its powerful supporters, and each of
relationship between a man and a woman were drawn these has reasons to offer for the support of the opin-
from both country and urban life. ion which is espoused; and nothing but a direct revela-
tion from God can show us which of these opinions is
Interpretation: The book has been interpreted in a the correct one, or whether any of them are correct
variety of ways: It is much better, therefore, if [the book is] explained
Allegorical or Rabbinical view. From the time of or illustrated at all, to take it in its literal meaning, and
the Talmud, Jewish tradition regarded the book as explain it in its general sense. I say general sense, be-
an allegorical picture of the love of God for Israel. cause there are many passages in it which should not
However, accepting this approach would allow the be explained, if taken literally, the references being too
possibility of deeming other portions of Scripture that delicate; and Eastern phraseology on such subjects is
were not clearly historical as being allegorical as well. too vivid for European imaginations.1
History: This book is called S hir Hashshirim in prestige failed to extinguish the Shulamites devotion
Hebrew, which means The Song of Songs. Jewish to her beloved shepherd. Finally, recognizing that she
worshipers cherished the Song and used it as a part would not be swayed, Solomon released her from his
of their ritual on the eighth day of the Passover, in court and allowed her to return home to her betrothed.
memory of the Exodus when God, the Bridegroom, One challenge in understanding the Song of
espoused Israel as His bride. Solomon is that there are no indicators within the nar-
rative which identify the speaker of each portion of
Summary: A young woman of Shunem fell in
text, so decisions as to who is speaking are subjective.
love with a shepherd and they were betrothed. King
However, the outline in Daybreak and Discovery is
Solomon, on a visit to the area, saw the Shulamite
based upon divisions generally agreed upon by Bible
maiden and was attracted to her beauty and grace.
scholars who accept the three-character interpretation.
He took her to his palace and sought to win her love.
However, his gifts, splendor, and the promise of 1. http://www.sacred-texts.com/bib/cmt/clarke/sol000.htm
Outline Note: This is our complete amplified outline of this book, compiled from various sources.
I. Introduction (1:1)
II. The Shulamites longing for her beloved (1:2-4a)
III. The initial meetings (1:4b2:7)
A. Meeting of the Shulamite and the daughters of Jerusalem (1:4b-8)
B. Meeting of the Shulamite and the king (1:92:7)
1. The kings compliments (1:9-11)
2. The Shulamites refusal (1:12-14)
3. The king presses his case (1:152:2)
4. The Shulamite references her true love (2:3-4)
C. The Shulamites plea to the daughters of Jerusalem (2:5-7)
IV. Memories of the shepherds visit (2:8-17)
A. His approach (2:8-9)
B. His appeal (2:10-14)
C. Her response (2:15-17)
V. The Shulamites dream of her beloved (3:1-5)
VI. The king comes again (3:65:1)
A. The regal procession (3:6-11)
B. The second royal proposal (4:15:1)
VII. A song of the beloved (5:26:3)
A. The Shulamites second dream (5:2-8)
B. The Shulamites description of her beloved (5:96:3)
VIII. The kings final approach (6:48:4)
A. His praise (6:4-7)
B. His invitation (6:8-10)
C. The Shulamites refusal (6:11-12)
D. The appeal of the daughters of Jerusalem (6:137:5)
E. The kings final proposal (7:6-9)
F. The Shulamite declares her devotion to the shepherd (7:108:4)
IX. Reunion of the Shulamite and the Shepherd (8:5-14)
A. The setting (8:5)
B. The Shulamites song (8:6-7)
C. The brothers interjection (8:8-9)
D. The Shulamites response (8:10-12)
E. The reward of love (8:13-14)
DAYBREAK
Song of Solomon 1:1 through 2:17
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS society today. Relationships commonly fizzle out

and ultimately dissolve. In fact, many people even
As the apple tree among the trees of the wood, so regard marriage as little more than a temporary social
is my beloved among the sons. I sat down under his agreement. However, love and romance still exist.
shadow with great delight, and his fruit was sweet Faithful and committed love is still possible! Perhaps
to my taste. (Song of Solomon 2:3) the Song of Solomon was placed in the Word of God
to prove just that.
As children, many of us heard fairy tales which Gods Word makes it clear that marriage is of
featured a prince falling in love with a beautiful divine origin and is a holy and binding covenant.
princess, overcoming obstacles to win her hand in Unchanging commitment, devotion, and faithfulness
marriage, and the two of them living happily ever to ones spouse still is possible in our day, and that is
after. However, love is more than just a fairy tale! Gods intention for those who unite in marriage.
Devotion and true love between a man and a woman
can be a reality, and when it exists, it creates a bond
BACKGROUND
that grows stronger with time. The first two chapters of Song of Solomon
Over twenty-five years ago I attended one of our describe the Shulamites arrival at the kings summer
church dedications. During the day, many of the young home, the first visit of the king, and the Shulamites
people gathered in a field outside the cabins where memories of a visit by her beloved.
we were staying. One young lady in this group stood Verse 1 of the first chapter lets us know that of
out to me. I was a shy individual and found it hard the one thousand or more songs by or about King
to converse with people I didnt know, but later that Solomon (see 1 Kings 4:32), this song perhaps was the
evening, as we sat in the swings, the two of us started greatest.
to talk. We shared opinions and thoughts, and began In the next two verses, as the Shulamite maiden
to get acquainted. Though we did not date until five arrived at the summer home of the king, she recounted
or six months later, a longing to be with her started to memories of her shepherds love. Her heart was filled
develop in me. By the end of the year, even though we with longing for him, and she referred to their love
lived about a four-hour drive apart, we were seeing being better than wine. While verse 4 implies that wine
each other regularly, and it wasnt long before we can be memorable, the effects of true love are far more
realized we were in love. Eventually that lovely lady lasting.
became my wife, and we now have four wonderful Verses 48 are an exchange between the Shulamite
children. and the daughters of Jerusalem (members of the
Were there romantic sparks in the early years of kings harem). Then the king appeared on the scene
our relationship? Yes there were. Are we still deeply in (verses 911), paying the young woman a compliment
love now? We certainly are! After more than twenty- on her beauty and grace by comparing her to one
four years of marriage, my wife and I still prefer each of his steeds. She seemingly shrank from the kings
others company to anyone elses. Sometimes I have advances, letting him know that she loved another.
gone to the airport to meet her after she has been (References in these chapters to my beloved
away for a while. As the passengers disembark and always refer to the Shulamites shepherd lover, and
start coming through the gate, I watch for her. Dozens offer indicators throughout the text as to the proper
of people pass by but I pay little attention to them. interpretation of the dialogues.)
However, when I spot my wife, see her face light up In Song of Solomon 1:1517, and 2:17, Solomon
with a smile, and she steps into my embrace, my world continued to attempt to woo the young woman, but
once again seems complete. she responded by restating her longing for her absent
In todays text, we find a beautiful description of lover. She then requested that the women of the harem
a relationship between a man and a woman that was bring her flagons (cakes of raisins and citron) as she
alive with passion and love. The Shulamite maiden felt in need of reviving.
regarded her beloved as unique and desirableas our In 2:814, the Shulamite addressed the court
focus verses reveals, he was the one who claimed her women who were trying to convince her to respond to
attention in the crowd. the kings wooing, telling them of the beginnings of
True and committed love between a man and her love relationship with the shepherd. She compared
a woman is becoming less and less common in our her absent lover to a bundle of myrrh (verse 13),
alluding to a scent bag that women of that region 2. Why do you think there are so many allusions to
wore from a cord suspended around their necks. The nature in this portion of text?
Shulamite recalled the words of the shepherd as he
urged her to come away with himwords which used
the beauty of nature and the awakening spring season
to portray the shepherds love for the Shulamite.
Then the young woman shared her response to her
lovers entreaty (verses 15-17). Commentators differ
on the meaning of the description of the little foxes
that spoil the vines. This may have referred to a minor
disagreement between the Shulamite and her shepherd 3. What role do memories have in keeping a love
lover; other sources suggest that this passage recounts relationship strong?
the response of the womans brothers, who instructed
her to go to the vineyard to catch the foxes in order to
forestall any further meeting between the Shulamite
and the shepherd. Based upon the interpretation of
verse 15, verses 16-17 either describe the lovers
reunion after the quarrel, or the maidens reply to her
brothers.
CONCLUSION
AMPLIFIED OUTLINE
In spite of being wooed by the king, the
I. Introduction (1:1)
Shulamites heart and thoughts were fixed upon her
II. The Shulamites longing for her beloved (1:2-4a)
beloved shepherd. What an example of the strength of
III. The initial meetings (1:4b2:7)
love and commitment which can exist between two
A. Meeting of the Shulamite and the daughters
individuals!
of Jerusalem (1:4b-8)
B. Meeting of the Shulamite and the king NOTES
(1:92:7)
1. The kings compliments (1:9-11)
2. The Shulamites refusal (1:12-14)
3. The king presses his case (1:152:2)
4. The Shulamite references her true love
(2:3-4)
C. The Shulamites plea to the daughters of
Jerusalem (2:5-7)
IV. Memories of the shepherds visit (2:8-17)
A. His approach (2:8-9)
B. His appeal (2:10-14)
C. Her response (2:15-17)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. What are some of the ways the Shulamite referred
to the shepherd?
DAYBREAK

Thou art all fair, my love; there is no spot in thee. This portion of the Song of Solomon describes
(Song of Solomon 4:7) the Shulamites dreams about her beloved, Solomons
proposal and love songs, and the maidens rejection
My father-in-law spent twenty years of his of his ardent efforts to win her hand.
married life in a culture where at that time speaking Chapter 3:1-5 describes the Shulamite maiden
favorably about ones wife was considered improper, telling the women of Jerusalem about her dreams
and compliments from others about her were which reflected her love for her shepherd sweetheart.
immediately dismissed outright. Furthermore, men In those dreams, she arose out of bed and went into
in that country never showed any public indicator of the city streets searching for the object of her love.
affection or appreciation toward their spousesin The inconvenience and danger of the hour were of no
fact, women typically walked three or four steps consequence to her because of her focus on her quest.
behind their husbands when together on the streets! In verse 5, she asked the women not to attempt to stir
You can imagine that this went against the grain of up love for the king. The inserted and italicized word
my loving and quite demonstrative father-in-law. In my in this verse makes the reference seem personal,
spite of cultural norms, he frequently admonished but without that addition to the original wording,
the men of his acquaintance there (as well as men the young woman was merely stating the principle
here at home) to tell their wives, I love you, every that love must be handled with care and not aroused
single day! before its proper time.
Not only did my father-in-law verbalize his love Verses 6-11 give details of a royal procession
for his wife, but he also demonstrated his regard for which brought the Shulamite maiden and Solomon
her in many visible ways. Rather than insisting that together. The word bed in verse 7 refers to a
she walk behind him, he often took her hand or arm canopied couch, carried on mens shoulders, and used
as they strolled together. He brought her little gifts by people of high status. The royal escort in verse 8
just because, and wrote her touching poems. He included armed guards which usually accompanied
was the first to compliment her, and made no secret royal processions because of the danger of highway
of his appreciation for her cooking, her housekeeping robbers in those times. Verse 11 refers to Solomons
skills, and her unwavering support of him. His coronation day, in which his mother, Bathsheba,
example made an impression! To this day, more than appealed to King David to make good his oath for
a decade after his final trip to the country where the Solomon to be his successor (1 Kings 1:22:15-40).
two of them had been missionaries, men who knew The whole passage seems to be an attempt to promote
my father-in-law recall that he frequently told them Solomon and to persuade the young woman to accept
to express their love for their wives on a daily basis. his proposal.
Todays text includes many beautiful Chapter 4 is a portrayal of Solomon as a suitor.
compliments and tender expressions of love. Though The enamored Solomon described the maiden in
unquestionably heartfelt, my father-in-laws words words of admiration and praise, but in verse 6,
were probably never as eloquent as those of Solomon the Shulamite demurred, and spoke instead of her
or the Shulamite! The extravagant lyrics of this longing for her mountain home. Solomon responded
passage portray feelings of adoration and admiration with his second song (verses 7-15), renewing his
in a manner many scholars consider unparalleled. pursuit. Amana, Shenir, and Hermon in verse 8 refer
Still, there is a lesson for all of us in this passage. to mountains in the Anti-Lebanon Range. The word
When we love someone, we should not be hesitant to sister in verse 9 is a term of affection showing that
express our feelings, both in words and in actions. Solomon regarded the Shulamite with the respect and
After years of marriage, perhaps familiarity honor he would accord to one of his own blood.
causes us to forget to verbalize our admiration or The enclosed garden alluded to in verse 12
appreciation for our spouses. The same concept can denotes sexual purity. In those days, the fields of the
extend to our children, other family members, and area were not fenced. While passersby were allowed
close friends. Loving words of affirmation, backed to partake of crops for provender on their journeys,
by thoughtful actions and caring concern, can they were not permitted access to the walled
enhance and strengthen any relationship! gardensthose were for the pleasure of the owner
only. Saffron in verse 14 refers to a purple flower 2. What lesson can we learn from the fact that the
which yields a yellow dye and makes a fragrant Shulamite rejected Solomons advances in spite of
ointment when mixed with olive oil. Calamas the pomp, glory, and splendor that accompanied his
refers to an aromatic spice, and aloes is an aromatic position?
wood which came from Bangladesh and China.
Chapter 5 describes a time of separation. The
Shulamite was at the palace in Jerusalem, and the
women of the court were with her once more. Verses
2-8 describe another dream, in which the Shulamite
dreamed her shepherd lover had come seeking her
in vain. In verse 4 the term bowels refers to the
seat of emotion or deep affection, similar to current
usage of the term heart. In verses 10 through 16, 3. How can heartfelt words of admiration refresh and
the Shulamite described her beloved shepherd with revitalize a relationship?
beautiful imagery.
The first three verses of chapter 6 seem to be an
inquiry regarding the whereabouts of the shepherd
by one or more of the daughters of Jerusalem.
The women expressed their interest in helping
the Shulamite find him, but she indicated that her
beloved was hers alone.
AMPLIFIED OUTLINE CONCLUSION
V. The Shulamites dream of her beloved (3:1-5) We may not have the eloquence of Solomon
VI. The king comes again (3:65:1) or the Shulamite, but our relationships will be
A. The regal procession (3:6-11) strengthened if we do not hesitate to incorporate
B. The second royal proposal (4:15:1) words of praise and appreciation.
VII. A song of the beloved (5:26:3)
A. The Shulamites second dream (5:2-8) NOTES
B. The Shulamites description of her beloved
(5:96:3)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. In her dream, what did the Shulamite maiden do as
soon as she realized her beloved was gone?
DAYBREAK

Many waters cannot quench love, neither can This portion of text describes Solomons third
the floods drown it: if a man would give all the visit and final proposal to the Shulamite maiden, her
substance of his house for love, it would utterly be refusal of his invitation and declaration of fidelity
contemned. (Song of Solomon 8:7) toward her shepherd, and the eventual reunion
between the Shulamite and her beloved.
Many years ago, in a Newfoundland fishing In chapter 6, the king approached the Shulamite
settlement with less than one hundred people, God maiden for the third time with complimentary words
called a man named Noah to minister in the little and expressions of devotion, trying once more to
church there. His assistant was a young woman win her affection. When Solomon stated in verse 4,
named Rachel. During the course of time, as the two Thou art beautiful, O my love, as Tirzah, he was
of them worked for the Lord together and prayed referring to a city about thirty-five miles northeast
about their future, they felt the Lords approval for of Jerusalem, in the maidens homeland. The city
them to be joined in marriage. They became husband was remarkably beautiful and pleasantly situated; in
and wife, and for more than forty years, they labored fact, its name signifies beautiful or delightful.
together in Gods service. Her response must have been cool because in verse 5
Love is nourished with kind words and actions, the king, seemingly disconcerted, requested that the
and Noah and Rachel made those behaviors a part of young woman turn away her eyes, which may have
their life together. Noah always addressed Rachel as been flashing with anger or disdain. However, being
Honey, and in turn, she called him Lover. Over accustomed to getting what he desired, he renewed
the years, they became so close to each other that they his persuit in verses 6-8, promising the Shulamite
could almost read each others minds and anticipate maiden a unique position among his many wives and
each others actions. When Honey was sick, Lover concubines. She refused once more, reflecting back on
tenderly cared for her. Nothing had to be said aloud, it her unwilling detention by the servants of the king.
seemed they had a secret language of love that others In chapter 7, verses 1-5, the palace women
did not understand. attempted to intercede on behalf of the king,
Noah and Rachel grew old, but their love for each proclaiming the Shulamites beauty with a description
other did not diminish or become commonplace. As of her form from foot to head. The imagery of a lover
the Shulamite maiden stated in todays focus verse, caught in the strands of hair of his beloved (verse 5)
Many waters cannot quench love, neither can the was a common figure in Eastern poetry of that era.
floods drown it, and Noah and Rachel certainly Solomons final impassioned approach to the maiden
proved that to be true. One morning, the Lord is recorded in verses 6-9. Once again, the Shulamite
suddenly called Noah to his heavenly reward. For rejected his advances. In the remainder of chapter 7
the next eight years, Rachel lived with good, caring and the first four verses of chapter 8, she declared her
friends, but she longed to depart this world. One day devotion and fidelity to her beloved shepherd, perhaps
she was diagnosed with terminal cancer. When she in an attempt to tactfully cool the kings ardor.
was given the doctors report, she rejoiced and said, Verses 5-14 of chapter 8 provide the closing
Im going Home soon to be with Jesus, and I will see scene of the Song of Solomon. Verse 5 describes the
Lover again! Her hearts desire was granted just a Shulamite as leaning upon her beloved, having been
short time later. reunited at last with her shepherd. Passing by the spot
Though commitment, selfless devotion, and where their love had first sprung into being, the young
fidelity in marriage are becoming increasingly rare in man commented that the Shulamite was also born at
our day, these are still Gods plan. Over the years our that spot. Giving birth outdoors was not uncommon
bodies change and we get old, but the husband and at that time. The maiden responded by poetically
wife who demonstrate and express their love for each describing some of the significant characteristics of
other will find their relationship continues to grow. love.
Like a well-tended garden, it will thrive and blossom. Verses 8-9 may have been an interruption by
No trial or adversity, even those which would seem the Shulamites older brothers. Seemingly regarding
overwhelming, can destroy love when it is pure and their sister as being too immature for marriage, they
faithful. declared that they would protect and insulate her
from unworthy lovers. However, the maiden asserted 2. What do you think Solomon meant when he said
that her recent experiences were proof of both her that love is as strong as death?
faithfulness and maturity.
The book closes with the triumph of true love.
The Shulamite proclaimed her delight at being free
from Solomons vineyard, and summoned her beloved
shepherd with words that perhaps were a fragment of
a song that she had formerly sung to him.
AMPLIFIED OUTLINE
3. What are some factors that make for a strong
VIII. The kings final approach (6:48:4)
marriage?
A. His praise (6:4-7)
B. His invitation (6:8-10)
C. The Shulamites refusal (6:11-12)
D. The appeal of the daughters of
Jerusalem (6:13 7:5)
E. The kings final proposal (7:6-9)
F. The Shulamite declares her devotion to
the shepherd (7:10 8:4)
IX. Reunion of the Shulamite and the Shepherd CONCLUSION
(8:5-14)
A. The setting (8:5) A marriage should be like a garden that is
B. The Shulamites song (8:6-7) carefully cultivated and thoroughly enjoyed.
C. The brothers interjection (8:8-9) NOTES
D. The Shulamites response (8:10-12)
E. The reward of love (8:13-14)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. What are some of the elements of creation
employed as imagery in this portion of text?
DAYBREAK
Overview for Psalms

Purpose: The Psalms were written as expressions of experience at every level of society. The psalms also
praise, worship, and petition, forming a divinely in- offer meaningful insights into human nature.
spired collection of devotions, meditations, and songs Summary: The Hebrew title for the Book of Psalms
for the people of Israel. is translated Book of Praises. The Greek translation
Authors: David (seventy-three psalms), Asaph of the Old Testament (Septuagint) title used Psalmos, a
(twelve psalms), the sons of Korah (nine psalms), word meaning a poem sung to the accompaniment of
Solomon (two psalms), and several others. Fifty-one a musical instrument.
of the psalms are not attributed to any author. The Book of Psalms contains 150 chapters which
are divided into five sections or books, each ending
Date Written: Over about one thousand years, be-
with a doxology: Psalms 1-41 (Book I); Psalms 42-72
tween the time of Moses (approximately 1520 B.C.) (Book II); Psalms 73-89 (Book III); Psalms 90-106
until after the return of the Southern Kingdom from (Book IV), and Psalms 107-150 (Book V). Jewish tra-
Babylonian captivity (approximately 445 B.C.). dition compares these five books to the Pentateuch (the
History: The Psalms reflect the theology of Israel first five books of the Bible, authored by Moses).
from the beginning of the nation until after the Baby- The Psalms deal with such subjects as God and
lonian exile. In terms of chronological sequence, the His creation, war, worship, wisdom, sin and evil, judg-
psalm attributed to Moses (Psalm 90) is the earliest. ment, justice, and the coming of the Messiah.
It likely provided a medium of praise and a form of Bible scholars have categorized the psalms in various
prayer for the people of Israel during the nations for- ways. Most recognize these main groupings:
mative period. The Davidic psalms reflect different Alphabetic or acrostic psalms, in which the
periods of the authors life. During Israels golden age initial letter of each stanza follows a certain
under King Solomon, the songs which David sang pattern.
began to be a part of the nations worship. The sing- Ethical psalms, which teach moral principles.
ing of the Psalms was a prominent feature in the cel- Hallelujah psalms, which are songs of praise
ebration of the great national feasts. These were the beginning and/or ending with Hallelujah or
praise songs of Isaiah and Jeremiah, along with the Praise Jehovah.
other prophets. It was with psalms that Jehoshaphat Historical psalms, which trace Gods dealings
and Hezekiah inaugurated their reforms and celebrat- with His people.
ed their victories. The psalms brought comfort and Imprecatory psalms, which invoke Gods judg-
hope to the exiles in Babylon. Chronologically, the last ment upon ones enemies.
psalm is probably Psalm 137; it is a song of lament Messianic psalms, which point to the coming
clearly written during the days when the Hebrews Redeemer.
were being held captive by the Babylonians. Penitential psalms, which express sorrow for sin.
Songs of ascent or degrees, which some scholars
Unique Features: The Book of Psalms is the longest
suggest were sung by pilgrims on the way to
book in the Bible and it contains both the longest and
Jerusalem to observe the feasts.
shortest chapters (Psalms 119 and 117 respectively).
Psalms of suffering or lament, which are the
Setting: The Book of Psalms gives insight into the outpourings of authors who were enduring diffi-
true nature of religion in Old Testament times, for this cult circumstances.
collection of songs were a vital part of the public and Psalms of thanksgiving, which express gratitude
private worship of ancient Israel. Chanted by the for blessings received.
Levitical choirs at the time of the morning and evening Approximately two-thirds of the psalms have su-
sacrifice, the people learned the lyrics and then repeat- perscriptions, or titles, which were probably added
ed them in the less formal worship of the home. Hand- at a later date by an editor or group of editors of the
ed down from father to son, they became a familiar Psalms. Some describe the nature of the psalm (for
thread binding the Jewish people together. Gods peo- example, song, prayer, praise, or the Hebrew
ple rejoiced and lamented through these poetic expres- words such as maschil, michtam, and shig-
sions, which mirrored real-life situations and spiritual gaion). Some relate to the musical setting, such as a
dedication to the chief Musician, allusion to musical
instrument on which the psalm was to be performed
(Neginoth, Gittih, etc.), or a tune to which they
were to be sung. Others refer to the liturgical use of
the psalmfor example, that it was to be sung on the
Sabbath or at a dedication. Some of the psalms indi-
cate authorship in the title.
There are over four hundred quotes from, or al-
lusions to, the Book of Psalms in the New Testament.
Jesus quoted from the Psalms, and references are also
found in the Book of Acts and in Pauls writings.

Note: This is the complete amplified outline of this book.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
III. Book III (73:189:52)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A. Psalm 119 (119:1-176)
1. Aleph (119:1-8)
2. Beth (119:9-16)
3. Gimel (119:17-24)
4. Daleth (119:25-32)
5. He (119:33-40)
6. Vau (119:41-48)
7. Zain (119:49-56)
8. Cheth (119:57-64)
9. Teth (119:65-72)
10. Jod (119:73-80)
11. Caph (119:81-88)
12. Lamed (119:89-96)
13. Mem (119:97-104)
14. Nun (119:105-112)
15. Samech (119:113-120)
16. Ain (119:121-128)
17. Pe (119:129-136)
18. Tzaddi (119:137-144)
19. Koph (119:145-152)
20. Resh (119:153-160)
21. Schin (119:161-168)
22. Tau (119:169-176)
DAYBREAK
Psalms 1:1 through 4:8
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS center our thoughts on Him, He can provide us with

the security we need to sleep peacefully and well.
I will both lay me down in peace, and sleep:
BACKGROUND
for thou, Lord, only makest me dwell in safety.
(Psalm 4:8) The Book of Psalms as originally written in
Hebrew was divided into five subgroups, with Book
Have you ever had a night when you tossed I being comprised of Psalms 1-41. All of the psalms
and turned in bed for what seemed like hours? in Book I are attributed to David except Psalms 1, 10,
Perhaps you found yourself glancing repeatedly at and 33.
the clock, wondering why you could not seem to
Psalm 1
doze off. Countless factors can interfere with a good
Although Psalm 1 was not specifically written as
nights sleepfrom pressure at work and family
an introduction to the whole collection of psalms, it
responsibilities to unexpected challenges such as
sets the tone for them. It is a wisdom psalm, offering a
layoffs, relationship issues, or illnesses. Its no wonder
sharp contrast between the righteous and the ungodly.
that quality sleep is sometimes elusive. If we are
Verses 1-3 relate to the behavior of the righteous
troubled, anxious, or encumbered with cares, how can
man, and emphasize that avoiding the influence of
we truly rest?
the ungodly will bring blessing. The meaning of the
Sleep plays an important role in our physical
law of the Lord in verse 2 goes far beyond a set
wellbeing. Studies have revealed that the human body
of rules or legal requirements. It indicates the whole
typically needs seven to nine hours of sleep per night.
manner of life taught by Moses and the prophets, and
If our bodies do not get enough rest, our metabolisms
is synonymous with the Word of the Lord. In verses
slow down and our appetites increase. Brain functions
4-6, the ungodly are contrasted with the righteous, and
are also hindered: focus, physical energy, and mood
are compared to the worthless chaff scattered by the
all take a hit. Our days are much more difficult when
wind during harvest.
our nights are restless! God made our bodies to
require recharging, and that occurs during a night of Psalm 2
good sleep. While proper nutrition, exercise, and other Although Psalm 2 is untitled, Acts 4:25 attributes
factors also influence the health of our bodies, nothing authorship to David. It is classified as a royal or
can take the place of proper rest. Messianic psalm. While the psalms categorized in this
In Psalm 4, David stated that he could lie down in manner may have been associated with coronation or
peace and sleep because the Lord gave him security. other kingly ceremonies, in New Testament writings
When David wrote this song, he was experiencing they are frequently linked to Jesus Christ, the King of
trouble. Perhaps it was composed while he was kings. For example, the Hebrew meaning of the word
suffering from the rebellion of his son Absalom, who translated anointed in verse 2 is Messiah, a clear
was determined to destroy his own father and usurp reference to Jesus Christ. This meaning is supported
Davids authority in the kingdom. Or it may have by Acts 4:26.
been written during a time of distress due to crop The theme of Psalm 2 is mans sinful rebellion
failures. Whatever the case, David proved that the against God. The heathen in verse 1 are the Gentile
godly can find peace in the Lord even when outward nationsnon-Israelites who had assembled with
circumstances are perilous. The psalmist knew that the intent of insurrection against the true God. The
he could trust God and this assurance allowed him to psalmists reference to Gods laughter in verse 4 does
state, I will both lay me down in peace, and sleep: for not indicate humor, but rather, Gods derision at mans
thou, Lord, only makest me dwell in safety. willful rebellion against Him.
Although we might not be able to control all of the Verses 6-9 contain Messianic references to Jesus
factors that could interfere with our rest, we can adopt and His future Millennial Reign in Jerusalem, when
one habit that is sure to encourage better sleep. Like He will rule supremely. In verses 10-11, the psalmist
David, we can rejoice in Gods care for us. We can exhorted the rulers of the world to exercise wisdom by
purpose to release our problems to God and choose reverencing the Lord. In Davids time, a kiss indicated
not to dwell upon the troubles and what ifs of life. respect for one of superior rank, so verse 12 implies
The Psalms are full of assurances of Gods presence, that honoring the Messiahs supreme eminence will
and what a basis that provides for restful sleep! As we prevent His wrath from being poured out.
Psalm3 A CLOSER LOOK
Psalm 3 is classified as a song of lament, and is
1. According to Psalm 3:4, what did David do when
a morning prayer written by King David as he fled
he was in trouble?
from his son Absaloms treachery. It is divided into
four stanzas, with all but the third stanza ending
in the word Selah, which indicates a pause for
contemplation.
Verses 1-2 provide Davids perspective regarding
the dissension that surrounded him. Verses 3-4 2. In Psalm 4:4 David said to commune with your
mark a turning point in his song: David turned his own heart upon your bed, and be still. Why do you
eyes from his adversaries to the character of God, think he recommended being still?
and affirmed his confidence that God had heard his
prayer and would intervene. Verses 5-6 reveal the
peace and sustenance the psalmist experienced during
this difficult time. In verses 7-8, David reflected on
previous victories, concluding that only God is able to
provide deliverance. He also conveyed his belief that
God would continue to bless His people even in times
of rebellion.
3. What might be some beneficial topics to meditate
Psalm 4
on as we lay down to sleep?
David addressed Psalm 4 to the chief Musician
on Neginoth. This inscription gave direction for the
musical accompaniment of the psalm, as Neginoth
has been interpreted, on stringed instruments. It is
an evening prayer, and is traditionally associated with
Psalm 3, which was a morning prayer written during
Absaloms revolt. Like Psalm 3, Psalm 4 has four
stanzas.
Verses 1-2 are a plea for God to hear Davids
prayer and grant mercy, while acknowledging Gods
provision in previous times of distress. The Hebrew CONCLUSION
phrase ye sons of men in verse 2 denoted men of To enjoy the blessings and benefits of quality
prominent status; David questioned how long they sleep, we need to be sure that we have handed over
would disgrace the kingdom with their treachery our cares to God and are resting securely in Him.
and falsehoods. Verses 3-6 express the psalmists
confidence that God would respond to his prayers. NOTES
He urged the reputable men to refrain from letting
their emotions lead to sin, but rather to meditate on
their deeds when pillowing their head at night, to
obediently offer sacrifices, and to trust in the Lord.
In verses 7-8, David stated that the gladness God
had planted in his heart was greater than the joy of
a bountiful harvest, and his sleep would be peaceful
knowing that God would take care of him.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS the supplications of David and Mrs. Henderson, He

hears those who call upon His name today. The Lord
The Lord hath heard my supplication; the Lord may not respond when we want or by doing what we
will receive my prayer. (Psalm 6:9) ask, but we can have confidence that He knows what
we are facing. As we look His way in heartfelt and
On December 9, 1911, a terrible explosion roared believing prayer, He will do what is best for us and
through the Cross Mountain Mine in Coal Creek, will glorify His name, as David so often proved.
Tennessee. Eighty-nine miners had gone into the mine
that morning, and all were presumed dead. BACKGROUND
When a local Methodist minister heard about the
Psalm 5
tragedy, he immediately went to the mine to offer
Psalm 5 is a morning prayer associated with the
prayer and spiritual support to the families who had
Temple worship. Like the two preceding psalms, this
assembled at the entrance. As he moved among the
song was composed in a time of peril and controversy.
grieving families, the minister heard one woman
Commentators often classify it as an imprecatory
praying that God would deliver her husband alive
psalmone in which the writer invokes judgment,
from the destroyed mine. She could be heard offering
calamity, or curses upon his enemies or those
that same prayer many times as the hours went by
perceived to be the enemies of God. Authored by
and rescue workers tunneled through the collapsed
David, this psalm was most likely written shortly after
shafts looking for survivors. In time, bodies began to
Absaloms revolt.
be brought out and identified, and graves were dug in
Davids reverent sense of the holiness of God and
nearby cemeteries.
His sovereignty is in stark contrast with the lying,
The families of the men who had been trapped
bloodthirsty, and deceitful men described in verse 9.
inside the mine were consulted about funeral plans.
The descriptive phrases of that verse are repeated in
Two-and-a-half days after the explosion, workers came
Romans 3:13, where they depict the wickedness of the
to Mrs. Henderson, the woman who had been praying
unsaved.
for her husbands safe return. They asked her where
David was aware that lies were being spoken and
she wanted her husband buried, explaining that they
conspiracies formed against him. However, he did
expected to soon reach the area where he had been
not ask for justice on his own behalf; in verse 10 he
working on the day of the explosion. She told them,
related that his enemies have rebelled against thee.
Bill is not dead. I havent been on my knees two-
The psalmist concluded with a tone of confidence,
and-a-half days for nothing! The workers told her no
giving a three-fold reason why those who have put
one had been found alive to that point, but she insisted
their trust in God do not need to fear their enemies:
that her husband had not been killed. In fact, knowing
God will defend, bless, and shield them.
that the rescue team was about to reach Bills area, she
went home and began heating water for him to wash Psalm 6
with when he came out of the mine! Just a short time Also written by David, Psalm 6 is a prayer for
later, workers found Bill Henderson barricaded behind deliverance. It is the first of the penitential psalms
some boards deep within the minehe was very psalms which express repentance and sorrow for sin.
much alive! Bill even gave the rescuers his light to (The others are 32, 38, 51, 102, 130, and 143.) This
use, as theirs had gone out just as they reached him. psalm can be divided into three sections: verses 1-5
Davids words in our focus verse reflect the same relate to the psalmists physical condition; verses 6-7
note of confidence that Mrs. Henderson had after describe his suffering and grief; and verses 8-10 reflect
she brought her petition to God. The psalmist was his conclusion of confident trust.
in a time of deep distress when he prayed the prayer The psalmists deep spiritual distress is evident
recorded in Psalm 6. However, after he poured out in his opening words. He felt his affliction was divine
his heart to the Lord, his tone changed; his words no retribution for sin, and he pleaded for Gods mercy.
longer reflected anguish. Instead, there was a ring of In verses 6-7 he indicated that he was so burdened
confidence as he asserted, The Lord hath heard my by guilt and grief that his tears had literally flooded
supplication; the Lord will receive my prayer. his bed. Adding to his suffering was the fact that his
What assurance we find in the knowledge that enemies continued their unceasing opposition in spite
God hears our prayers! Just as God was mindful of of his serious illness.
The psalm concludes with a transition in tone 2. Based on these three psalms, how do you think
from despair to relief. David declared that God had David viewed God?
heard his cry, and as a result, his enemies would be
vanquished.
Psalm 7
Psalm 7 is another song of lament written by
David, this one centering on a plea for justice against
those who slander the righteous. The word Shiggaion
in the title may mean a passionate or intense song.
While the identity of Cush the Benjamite (also in 3. What can we learn from Davids prayers that will
the title) cannot be assuredly stated, he most likely benefit us in our own prayer life today?
was a close associate of Saul who made slanderous
accusations against David. This psalm is the first of
eight psalms traditionally associated with Davids
flight from Saul. (The others are 34, 52, 54, 56, 57, 59
and 142).
Rather than taking matters into his own hands, the
psalmist asked God for deliverance and justice. He
trusted that the Lord would protect him no matter what
was said about him because he was innocent of the
false accusations.
The word translated reins in verse 9 literally
means kidneys. Throughout the Old Testament, this
word is used to indicate the conscience. CONCLUSION
At the conclusion of the psalm, David praised
When trials come, let us seek the Lord
God. He did not express gratitude because those who
immediately and continually, remembering His
did evil against him were going to be punished, but
wonderful promises and believing that He will hear
because Gods glory and righteousness was being
and answer in the very best way.
magnified as a result of his prayer.
NOTES
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. What good example did David set for us at the
conclusion of his prayer in Psalm 7?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS when John Peterson flew over the Himalayas during
World War II. While we may not be able to express
When I consider thy heavens, the work of thy our wonder in song, as John and David did, we should
fingers, the moon and the stars, which thou hast join them bowing in awe before our all-powerful
ordained; What is man, that thou art mindful of Creator. Like them, we should magnify the One
him? and the son of man, that thou visitest him? whose fingers molded the universe, and rejoice that
(Psalm 8:3-4) He looks down across the expanses of space and
thinks of us!
While serving in the Air Force during World
War II, John Petersons fellow airmen called him BACKGROUND
Deacon because of his habit of reading the Bible Psalm 8
every morning. John did not resent that nickname Psalm 8, which is attributed to King David,
because he knew it was God who sustained him in the has the superscription To the chief Musician
months he was away from home and family. upon Gittith. The precise meaning of Gittith is
As a pilot, John spent many hours in the air. His uncertain. Since the word is derived from the word
flights often took him over the famed China Hump, Gath, some commentators suggest it refers to a song
and those lengthy journeys provided opportunities sung after the killing of the giant Goliath, or a type
for the young serviceman to meditate and pray. of musical instrument which originated in Gath.
Somehow, it seemed the Lord was especially near Others suggest the term references a musical style,
whenever he guided his military transport plane over perhaps of a joyous nature. The word is also used in
the rugged Himalayan Mountains. As he gazed down the superscriptions of Psalms 81 and 84, so it possibly
at the soaring peaks and mountain ranges separated alludes to a hymn of delight. Since the focus of the
by the deep green valleys of the Irrawaddy, Salween, song is the creative power of God, some have called it
and Mekong Rivers, he would marvel at the incredible Genesis 1 set to music.
beauty of the earth spread out beneath him. The dual reference to God in the first four words
One day as John scanned the mountainous terrain of the psalm, O Lord our Lord, uses two different
below and then the vast reaches of the horizon around names in the original Hebrew: Yahweh and Adonai.
him, he was overwhelmed by the awesomeness of Yahweh is the sacred and personal name of the God of
Gods creation and the power that formed it. The the Covenant with Israel, while Adonai means lord,
words and melody of a song began to form in his master, or sovereign.
heart, and when his flight was over, he put down on Psalm 8 begins with adoration of God. Verse 2
paper a song that has inspired thousands in the years was quoted by Jesus in Matthew 21:16 to vindicate
since then: the children singing praises to God in the Temple.
My Father is omnipotent A wider application of this verse indicates that God
And that you cant deny; uses things that are completely without strength or
A God of might and miracles; wisdom to frustrate the designs of those who oppose
Tis written in the sky. His kingdom.
It took a miracle to put the stars in place; In verse 3, the psalmist considered the heavens,
It took a miracle to hang the world in space. specifically the sun, moon, and stars. As a shepherd,
But when He saved my soul, cleansed and David would have had many opportunities to gaze
made me whole, upon the vastness of the sky, and to wonder at the
It took a miracle of love and grace!1 condescension of the God who visits (attends to
John knew that the beauty he viewed from his and observes) man. Although man is insignificant in
aircraft was created by a miracle-working God. Even comparison with the lofty grandeur of the heavens,
more, he recognized that the awesome and majestic verses 5-8 allude to man as the crown of Gods
Creator of this vast universe was mindful of him! He creation, to whom God has given power over all the
reached the same conclusion that the psalmist David creatures on the earth.
recorded in todays focus verses. Verses 4-6 are quoted in Hebrews 2:6-8 and were
Today, more data is available than David had applied directly to Jesus. Verse 6 is also quoted in
when he looked at the heavens and marveled. Thanks 1 Corinthians 15:27 and Ephesians 1:22. The psalm
to technology, we know more about our universe than concludes as it began: with the psalmists expression
of honor and glory to the Name which alone is worthy 2. Why should knowledge of the vastness of the
of praise. universe cause us to be amazed that God visits us?
Psalm 9
Psalm 9 and 10 are thought to have been one
psalm originally; they appear that way in the ancient
Greek and Latin translations of the Bible, although
there are some stylistic differences. Psalm 9 is the first
of the psalms to be presented in an acrostic form, in
which the first letter of each verse or pair of verses
are successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet. The
superscription Muthlabben literally means to die for
the son. This may have been the title of a popular 3. In Psalm 9:1 David writes, I will shew forth all
song, possibly placed in the superscription to indicate thy marvellous works. What are three ways we can
that the psalm was to be sung to the same tune or do this?
musical styling.
In this psalm, David alternated between prayer and
praises to God for His justice. Some commentators
suggest that it was probably written after a victory
over the Philistines. The psalmist brings out that Gods
judgment is absolutely fair, and is final, whether He
is judging a nation or an individual. However, God
will also protect the oppressed and aid those who seek
Him.
David stated in verse 5 that God would destroy
the wicked and put out their name for ever and ever.
Since the Hebrew people considered it very important
to preserve their names for posterity, having their
names blotted out of the record would have been a CONCLUSION
severe punishment. A similar retribution is described
When we view the immensity and grandeur of
in verse 6, which states that their memorial [or
Gods universe, we should recognize how amazing it
remembrance] is perished with them.
is that God is concerned about us, and glorify Him!
The word Higgion in verse 16 means meditation.
When combined with the next word, Selah, it NOTES
indicates a dramatic pause to add emphases to the final
four statements.

I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. According to Psalm 8, what did God give man
dominion over?
1. John W. Peterson, It Took a Miracle, 1948, 1976 John W. Peterson Music Company.
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS It would be easy to look at these facts and feel

hopeless. However, Gods power is not diminished by
If the foundations be destroyed, what can the the changes in society. We must do as the psalmist did
righteous do? (Psalm 11:3) and take comfort in the fact that the Lord is in His holy
Temple, and that his eyes beholdthe children of
In the early 1980s a series of earthquakes occurred men (Psalm 11:4).
in the Portland area, and my husband and I decided we When law and order seems to be collapsing around
should add earthquake coverage to our homeowners us, faith in God can be our anchor. The knowledge
policy. We called our insurance company, and in a few that He is still in control of every situation will keep
days an appraiser came out to inspect our home. To our hearts at peace and help us resist fear. Remember,
our surprise, we were denied coverage! The company we have the blessed assurance that one dayperhaps
deemed the foundation of our three-story home not very soonHe will restore justice and goodness on
earthquake proof. this earth!
The foundation looked solid enough. It was
made from rocks two to three feet in length and BACKGROUND
about eighteen inches square that had been mortared
Psalm 10
together. The house was built in 1904, so it had
Psalm 10 has no title, and no author is cited, but
weathered some storms and even gone through
most commentators agree it likely was composed by
a number of small earthquakes without damage.
David. He was the author of Psalm 9, and many of the
However, the inspector concluded that those massive
ancient manuscripts combine Psalms 9 and 10. Also,
rocks would not provide a secure enough basis for
these verses continue the acrostic pattern established in
the dwelling in event of a major quake. Clearly, good
the preceding psalm. The theme is Gods intervention
foundations are important!
in the time of oppression by the wicked.
In the spiritual realm, good foundations are even
The tone of Psalm 10 seems to portray God as
more vital. Our focus verse asks the question, If
being distant. The two questions which begin the
the foundations be destroyed, what can the righteous
passage indicate the concern of the psalmist: that the
do? Sadly, the foundational principles of the Word of
One who delivered their nation from bondage in Egypt
God are becoming less and less tolerated in our day.
has absented Himself and is no longer the Protector of
At an ever-accelerating pace, society is putting its
Israel.
stamp of approval on practices that just a few decades
Verses 2 through 11 provide a verbal portrait of
ago were not only frowned upon but were actually
the wicked man, who is controlled by his passions and
illegal. Homosexuality and same-sex marriages are
rules by arrogance and ego. The first section describes
increasingly accepted. Euthanasia and physician
what the wicked man thinks and says; the second part
assisted suicide is more and more common. Abortion
tells what he does. In verses 12-15, the psalmist called
has been legalized and millions of innocent babies
upon God to intervene and remember the plight of the
have been murdered as a result.
defenseless. The request for God to break thou the
For over three hundred years, the moral code of the
arm of the wicked (verse 15) is a prayer that the evil
United States has been based on the absolute truths of
man will lose his strength and cease from tyranny. The
Scripture. The Ten Commandments were the basis for
psalms concluding verses are a song of thanksgiving
identifying right and wrong behaviors in the nations
to the Lord, who will ultimately destroy the wicked
laws. References to God and principles from His Word
and deliver the oppressed.
are inscribed on many of its monuments and national
landmarks. However, in America today, morality based Psalm 11
on Biblical truth has all but disappeared. The Ten This psalm was composed by David, and is
Commandments have been removed from many public inscribed to the chief Musician. Though there is no
buildings. Prayer has been taken out of the schools. definitive record of the circumstances under which
The debate rages as to whether In God We Trust it was created, it is clear that David was in great
should be removed from coins and the words under distress. It may have been written during the hazardous
God taken out of the Pledge of Allegiance. The fact is, period when David was serving in Sauls court and
Gods Word has been rejected as the ultimate authority. experiencing the kings jealous rages, or during the
The foundations are being systematically destroyed! time of Absaloms rebellion. Whatever the exact
setting, David retained his firm faith in the Lords A CLOSER LOOK
protectionthe theme of this psalm is that God will
1. What three illustrations did the psalmist use in
defend the righteous.
Psalm 11:6 to portray the wrath of God?
The phrase Flee as a bird to your mountain in
verse 1 was probably a proverbial expression related to
seeking shelter and safety. The hill country of the area,
with its many caves and strongholds, was a natural
retreat for fugitives.
The psalm concludes with the assurance that God
is present even amidst the chaos of this world, and
although He allows the righteous to be tested, He will
ultimately recompense the wicked. If perfect justice is
not attained in this life, it will be in the next.
2. Why do you think God allows times in our lives
Psalm 12 when He seems to be silent? What should we do in
Like Psalm 11, this psalm was composed by such times?
David and is inscribed to the chief Musician. The
superscription upon Sheminith signifies eighth and
may be an indicator that the psalm was to be played by
octaves, or to be sung in a lower octave or bass range.
Commentators identify this psalm as a lament designed
to be sung either individually or in community.
This psalm contrasts the arrogant and untruthful
words of wicked men to the pure and true words of
God, and implores Gods protection from treachery.
Silver which has been refined seven times (verse 6) is
without dross and thus very costly. Since the number
seven frequently represents perfection in Scripture,
Davids vivid simile clearly portrays Gods words as 3. What are some of the positive results of praising
being pure and of great value. God even in a time of trouble?
Psalm 13
This psalm of lament, traditionally ascribed to
David, may have been written while the psalmist was
a hunted fugitive being pursued by Saul. It follows the
typical pattern of despair, desire, and deliverance.
David began his lament with four questions: the
first two center on God, and the second two relate to
his own feelings. They reveal the psalmists impression
that the Lord was absent. In verses 3-4, David offered
up his petition requesting deliverance. In the final two CONCLUSION
verses, a complete reversal from the psalmists first Trust and confidence in God will hold us steady,
plaintive cry is evident. The song concludes with a even when it seems we are surrounded by evil.
note of praise, in which David affirmed his trust in the
mercy of God and His eventual salvation. NOTES

I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
DAYBREAK

Thou wilt shew me the path of life: in thy Psalm 14
presence is fullness of joy; at thy right hand there This psalm is virtually identical to Psalm 53, which
are pleasures for evermore. (Psalm 16:11) is a teaching psalm that was set to a tune known as
Mahalath. There is some debate regarding whether
What do you need to survive? Beyond that, what Psalm 14 was authored by David, or by someone else
do you need to feel fulfilled? Most people would during the time of the captivity. The superscription
answer the first question similarly: food, water, and directs it to the chief Musician, so it may have been
shelter. To the second question, however, the answers used by the Levites in the context of corporate
would vary. worship. The theme is the foolishness of rejecting God.
In the 1950s, American psychologist Abraham In Scripture, the word translated folly does not refer to
Maslow studied a group of mentally healthy mental limitations, but to moral perversity.
individuals to develop his theory regarding The psalm begins with an indictment of Israel
mans supposed hierarchy of needs. First, basic and all of humanity. The verb translated filthy in verse
physiological needs for food, water, and shelter 3 means tainted morally. The psalm concludes
must be fulfilled. When those have been satisfied, with an impassioned cry for the salvation of Israel, a
Maslow asserted, human needs progress to safety, proclamation of Davids confidence that God would
then love and belonging, then esteem, and finally, to indeed bring His people back from captivity, and the
self-actualizationa desire to fully realize ones response expected to spring from grateful hearts at that
potential, becoming everything one is capable of occurrence.
becoming.
Psalm 15
However, Maslows hierarchy of needs totally
Psalm 15 is a didactic (intended for instruction)
ignores the most fundamental need of allthe
wisdom poem that establishes guidelines for living a
need for a relationship with God and the fullness
blameless life. It is also classified as a liturgical psalm,
of joy and pleasures for evermore that are found
as it was connected with public worship. Since the first
only in Gods presence. From Maslows humanistic
verse references access to the Tabernacle and the Holy
perspective, fulfillment of ones potential is a purely
Hill (interchangeable words denoting the dwelling
human endeavor; he makes no reference to Gods
place of God and the focal point of Jewish worship),
involvement. However, mankind was created to know
it may have been sung as an entrance liturgy. Written
and worship our Creator, so a godless existence will
by David, some commentators feel it was composed
never lead to long-term satisfaction. In contrast, a life
around the time when the Ark of the Covenant
directed by God and lived in His presence will be full
was restored to Jerusalem. (See 2 Samuel 6 for a
of joy, even during hard times.
description of that event.)
The Hebrew words translated fullness and
The psalm opens with a question. Verses 2-5
pleasures in our focus verse can also be translated
provide the answer by describing the person who may
as satisfaction and delightfulness. These are not
dwell with God, offering both positive and negative
merely casual, transitory feelings that momentarily
characteristics. The psalm concludes with the assertion
make life more bearable; they describe what we
that an individual who fits this character profile will
were made for! The deep satisfaction found in Gods
prove to be steadfast.
presence supersedes any feeling or contentment that
we could generate within ourselves or that could result Psalm 16
from external sources or achievements. Work, family, Psalm 16 is the first of six psalms designated
money, power, influence, and fame will never fill the as a Michtam of David (the other five psalms are
God-shaped void inside each of us; that place can only 56 through 60). The word michtam is derived from
be filled by God himself. a root word meaning gold and may indicate that
Gods promise is to show us the path of life. Not these songs are jewel-like in their beauty. Other
only will He satisfy the desires of our hearts in this commentators suggest the word refers to a hidden or
life, but His path will also lead us to eternal life in His mysterious meaning.
presence. And without question, eternity with Him The psalm indicates great distress, which probably
will be fullness of joy and pleasures for evermore! was a result of Sauls persecution following Davids
anointing as king. While it opens with a cry for A CLOSER LOOK
preservation, and includes a meditation on saints and
1. In Psalm 14, what are three ways in which David
sinners, the general tone is that of triumph and hope.
described the ungodly?
This psalm is characterized as a Messianic psalm,
as it points prophetically to Christ. It was quoted by
Peter in his Pentecost sermon (see Acts 2:25-28) and
by Paul in Antioch (Acts 13:35). Peter and Paul both
pointed back to Jesus, not David, as the fulfillment of
the prophecy in verse 10, Peter by saying, For David 2. What are some of the advantages of a goodly
speaketh concerning him, and Paul by noting that heritage like the one David referenced in Psalm 16:6?
David died just like every other person.
Psalm 17
The title of Psalm 17, A Prayer of David, is
found only on two other psalms (86 and 142). In this
petition, the psalmist called upon God to come and
preside as Judge while he presented his cause, and
pleaded for protection, vindication, and judgment
against his enemy (presumed by most scholars to be
Saul). According to verse 11, Davids dangerous plight
in this case was shared by others, so it may have been 3. In what way do you enter Gods presence, and what
written in the context of 1 Samuel 23:25-26, which do you enjoy most about being near to God?
describes David and his men as being surrounded
by Saul. Deliverance came when Sauls pursuit was
interrupted by a Philistine invasion.
The sincerity and desperation of Davids plea is
immediately apparent in verse 1, where the Hebrew
word translated cry means a shrill, piercing shout or
outcry. David confidently based his plea upon two
facts: that his cause was just (meaning legally right)
and that he himself was innocent of wrong purpose
(verse 3).
The Hebrew phrase translated apple of the eye
in verse 8 referred to the pupil, or central part of the
eye that is protected by the eyelid, eyelashes, and CONCLUSION
eyebrows. David understood that God had set hedges True fulfillment is found only when we have a
of protection around him, despite his frightening right relationship with God. He is the ultimate Source
circumstances. of joy and satisfaction, not only in this life but for all
In verses 10-12, David offered a descriptive eternity!
catalog of complaints against his enemies. The phrase
inclosed in their own fat (verse 10) meant they were NOTES
in prideful rebellion against God and resistant to all
influences for good or compassion.
As in many other psalms, David concluded his
prayer with a confident statement which reflected his
deep trust in God and his assurance of a blessed life
hereafter.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
DAYBREAK
Psalm 18:1-50
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS This collection of visual images lets us know the

amazing security that God was to David. However,
The Lord is my rock, and my fortress, and my these verses are for us too. His words and descriptions
deliverer; my God, my strength, in whom I will of God can be ours as well! God is there to be our
trust; my buckler, and the horn of my salvation, strength, our fortress, and our rock. He is ever present
and my high tower. (Psalm 18:2) to deliver us from our spiritual foe and secure us from
danger. Like the psalmist, we can and should put our
Our family went camping every summer when I trust in Him!
was growing up, and over the years we visited many
scenic locations around the country. My favorite area BACKGROUND
was Yosemite Valley in the Sierra Nevada Mountains Psalm 18
of Californiain fact, I still consider that to be the Written by David after he became king of Israel,
most beautiful place I have ever visited. While the Psalm 18 is a thankful song which reflects upon the
valley is filled with incredible, postcard-type scenery, goodness of God. This is the longest psalm in Book
to me the most awe-inspiring features are the gigantic I (comprised of Psalms 1 through 41) and is nearly
granite monoliths. The largest of these, fittingly identical to 2 Samuel 22. Though the psalmist was
referred to as El Capitan, rises almost three thousand at the height of his royal dominion at the time of this
feet above the valley floor. That towering rock writing (see verses 43-45), he referred to himself as
formation is so huge and impressive that you really do the servant of the Lord in the superscription, and
need to see it to believe it! Any effort I would make to took no glory for himself. Rather, he focused entirely
describe it here would never do it justice. on joyful praise for Gods power and majesty.
I suspect the psalmist felt that same limitation of The structure of this psalm is not tightly knit,
human language when he used a series of descriptive but moves from one thought to the next in an
phrases in our focus verse in an attempt to describe extemporaneous manner. David alternated between
God. Words are simply inadequate! However, Davids addressing God directly in statements of love and
comparisons help us comprehend the very real devotion, and reminiscing about times when he faced
stability and security he had found in the Lord. extreme peril but was delivered by Gods supernatural
When David described God as my rock, I power.
visualize something immenseperhaps a monolith In verses 7-15, dramatic aspects of natural
like El Capitan. It was a picturesque way to convey forces symbolize the wrath and vengeance of God.
that God is solid, stable, and unchangeablethe One The smoke out of his nostrils and fire out of his
David knew he could always count on. mouth (verse 8) may have referred to a volcano,
David also referred to God as my fortress. This forest fire, or meteor shower. God is pictured as riding
comparison of God to a fortified, natural stronghold upon a cherub and flying upon the wings of the
denotes protection and safety in the most profound wind (verse 10). Cherubim in Scripture typically are
way. A hand-held shield provides some protection, but associated with the throne and sovereignty of God;
nothing like that of a fortress! The psalmist had found they often function as guardians. The Highest in
that place of true security which exists in God alone. verse 13 reveals God as the supreme Sovereign of the
The word deliverer means one who rescues universe, who can unleash His power at any moment.
or liberates. David knew that God had not only Verses 16-24 are a reflection on Gods
rescued him from his physical enemies, but also from deliverance. The king relied upon the fact that the
afflictions and temptations. A buckler in Davids Lord delivers and vindicates His own, and he knew he
time was a type of shieldagain, this referred to had been innocent of wrongdoing. Although Davids
protection not only from those who pursued him, but foes had been too strong for him, they were not too
also from the fiery darts of Satan. The horn of my strong for God. David pondered the mercy of the
salvation is a metaphor relating to horned beasts Lord in verses 25-29, and then returned to his prior
that push, scatter, and destroy their enemies; David theme of Gods perfect deliverance (verses 30-45).
knew that God was his Savior and the One who could As a result of the victory God had given him in
and would triumph over every foe. The high tower battle, surrounding nations had capitulated to him and
pictured a place of refuge far out of the reach of any become subservient. Verse 43, with its reference to
who would attempt harm. the people (the Jews) and heathen (the Gentiles)
is a prophetic foreshadowing of Christs kingdom. 3. Based on your own experiences and what God
One day both Jew and Gentile alike will submit to the has done in your life, what words would you use to
sovereign rule of the Lord Jesus. describe God?
The psalm concludes with Davids proclamation
of praise to the living God, and expressions of praise
for His deliverance and mercy.

I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. How many names for God are used in Psalm 18:2? CONCLUSION
What are they? Like David, we can have absolute confidence in
our all-powerful God. He is our unfailing place of
refuge and security!
NOTES
2. In considering verses 26-27 of this psalm, why

does God turn away some people?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS handywork!
The heavens declare the glory of God; and the BACKGROUND

firmament sheweth his handywork. (Psalm 19:1) Psalm 19
Psalm 19, like many other of Davids psalms, is
Some years ago, my brother-in-law inherited a
ascribed to the chief Musician. Many commentators
box of family heirlooms, and among the items was an
suggest that this is one of the most magnificent of the
impressive painting signed by his great-grandfather,
psalms, both for its poetic elegance and its theological
Charles Heberer. The painting sparked his interest and
depth. Its theme is that there can be no excuse for
he began doing research. He learned that Heberer had
those who do not believe in Gods existence, for God
been a well-known artist in Paris and the United
has revealed Himself to mankind through His creation
States beginning in the 1890s. His work had appeared
and through His Word.
in art exhibits and newspapers, and he had been
The first portion of the psalm, verses 1-6, uses the
commissioned to paint murals and portraits of
example of the heavens (universe) and the firmament
government officials.
(sky) to illustrate that creation serves as a witness
Excited about this discovery, my brother-in-law
to Gods existence. The parallel construction of the
set out to locate as many of his great-grandfathers
words day unto day and night unto night implies
paintings as he could. He devoted several pages
a continuum; the evidences of God are always present.
of his family website to this pursuit, and began
The phrase Their line is gone out through all the
communicating with art galleries, auction houses,
earth (verse 4), refers to a measuring line marking
historians, and distant relatives. Through this, he
boundaries, indicating that knowledge of God has
received many leads and photographs of paintings.
spread throughout the world.
Several of the photos that came in were of
Verses 7-14 turn from the glory of God apparent
paintings that were unsigned, so my brother-in-law
in nature, to the glory of God revealed in His Word.
needed another way to determine if these were really
The law of the Lord refers to more than just the
the work of Charles Heberer. He soon learned that
direct commandments of God; it represents the
an artist can be identified by his technique. Heberer
revealed will of God throughout Scripture. Five
painted landscapes in the impressionist style, using
synonyms for the Word of God are given in these
short brush strokes and bright colors. His works were
verses: the law of the Lord, the testimony, the
often bathed in softly diffused light. By looking for
statutes, the commandment, and the judgments.
these techniques, my brother-in-law has been able to
The psalmist made seven statements about the Word
identify many of his great-grandfathers paintings.
of God: it is perfect, it is sure, it is right, it is pure, it
Just as a person can look at a painting, examine
is clean, it is true and righteous, and it is of infinite
the technique, and know who the artist is, we can look
value. David may also have been emphasizing
at creation, examine the handiwork, and know who
the completeness of Gods Word by using seven
the Creator is. Who else but the Divine Creator could
descriptions; the number seven has been used
give every snowflake a different pattern? Who else
throughout the Bible to represent completeness.
could pass white sunlight through raindrops to form a
The chapter ends with a prayer. In verses 12
colorful rainbow? Who else but the all-powerful God
and 13, David asked God to cleanse him from
could hold the earth on its axis and in its orbit around
secret faults (possibly referring to inbred sin) and
the sun to create the seasons? Who else is capable of
presumptuous sins (deliberate violations of Gods
keeping the oceans from overreaching their bounds?
law). He concluded with a plea that his words and
Recently, I visited my brother-in-laws website
the meditations of his heart would be acceptable to
and found this statement posted under a new photo,
God, in much the same way as a right sacrifice under
Here is a newly found painting. It is unsigned, but
the Levitical law would have been acceptable (see
it is clearly Charles work! While others debate the
Leviticus 1:3-4).
origin of our magnificent world, I look at the oranges
and reds of a sunset and think, It is unsigned, but it is Psalm 20
clearly Gods creation. Without doubt, the psalmist Psalm 20 is considered to be a royal psalm, as it
was right when he proclaimed, The heavens declare concerns the king as a representative of the people.
the glory of God; and the firmament sheweth his Composed as a prayer offered prior to battle, this
psalm is often grouped with Psalm 21, which 2. Psalm 21:2 states, Thou hast given him his hearts
is a prayer of thanksgiving for victory. Sung in desire, and hast not withholden the request of his
combination, these two psalms may have formed an lips. Does God always give us our hearts desire?
antiphonal or responsive war anthem; they are both Why or why not?
classified as liturgical psalms because they were
associated with worship.
With the exception of verse 6, all of the verses in
Psalm 20 were written from the perspective of a group
(we) praying for a single person (thee). Therefore,
most of the psalm would have been sung as a chorus
by the congregation on behalf of the king. Verse 6
is the only verse that was written in the first person
singular (I). It would have been sung by the king as
a solo in response to the congregation. 3. In what ways has God revealed Himself to you?
The banners in verse 5 refer to raising the
victory flag. The congregation stated that their flag
would be raised in Gods name rather than the name of
their king or their country. The inference is that those
who rely on earthly might will fail, but those who
depend upon the Lord will ultimately triumph.
Psalm 21
Psalm 21 is a prayer of thanksgiving and praise
for victory after battle, attributing the destruction of
the enemy to the abundance of Gods help. Some
of the answered prayers referred to in its verses
correspond to the prayer requests in the previous
psalm. For example, Psalm 20:4 requests, Grant thee CONCLUSION
according to thine own heart The response given We do not need to look far to find evidence of
in Psalm 21:2 is, Thou has given him his hearts God. Lets take time to observe the witness of Gods
desire Also, the structure is very similar to that of creative work all around us.
Psalm 20, with two main stanzas and a concluding
prayer. NOTES

I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. According to Psalm 20:5, in whose name did the
congregation say they would set up their banners?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS In the hardest of all lifes difficult places, the Lord
can give perfect comfort and security. Fear can be
Yea, though I walk through the valley of the eclipsed by the presence of God. Both the psalmist
shadow of death, I will fear no evil: for thou art David and Martin Rinkart grasped that truth, and so
with me; thy rod and thy staff they comfort me. can we!
(Psalm 23:4)
BACKGROUND
At the start of the Thirty Years War of 1618-1648,
Psalm 22
Martin Rinkart, the son of a poor coppersmith, was
Psalm 22 was composed by David and addressed
called to be a pastor in his hometown of Eilenburg,
to the chief Musician upon Aijeleth Shahar. The
Germany. Because Eilenburg was a walled city, it
precise meaning of this phrase is unknown, but it may
became a refuge for political and military fugitives.
have been the name of a melody to which the song
As a result, it was terribly overcrowded, and the
was to be sung. The psalm combines personal lament,
people suffered from famine and disease. In addition,
prayer, and thanksgiving, and possibly was composed
armies overran the city three times, leaving death and
to be used in worship as a liturgy for healing. Many
destruction in their wake.
commentators group this psalm with Psalms 23 and
In 1637, a devastating plague swept through the
24, viewing them as a trilogy depicting three roles of
area. Some eight thousand people died, including
Jesus Christ: Savior, Shepherd, and Sovereign.
Martin Rinkarts beloved wife. At that time he was
This psalm has historically been classified as
the only minister in Eilenburg because the others
prophetic and Messianic, as its opening lines were
had either perished or fled from their posts. Rinkart
spoken by Jesus on the Cross (see Mark 15:34), and
conducted the funeral services of 4,480 people that
it is quoted seven times in the New Testament in
year, and sometimes as many as forty or fifty in a
relation to Christ. Verses 12-21 include descriptions of
single day! By the end of the year, the dead had to be
experiences that clearly can be identified with Christ
buried in trenches without services.
the Sin-bearer as He suffered upon the Cross: all
Rinkart brought some of the suffering individuals
my bones are out of joint (verse 14), they pierced
into his own home, even though he was often hard
my hands and my feet (verse 16), and they part my
pressed to provide for his own family.One day, while
garments among them, and cast lots upon my vesture
surrounded by war and death, with cries of despair
(verse 18). Since these descriptions were not part of
sounding just outside his dwelling, Rinkart sat down
Davids personal experience, scholars agree that the
and wrote this table grace for his children. Now set to
Spirit of God constrained David to write prophetically
music, it remains an enduring testimony of gratitude
of Jesus Christs crucifixion.
and hope.
Psalm 22 has two sections. The first (verses
Now thank we all our God,
1-21) centers on suffering: it portrays a sense of
With heart and hands and voices;
abandonment, along with the reality of physical abuse
Who wondrous things has done,
and emotional exhaustion. The second (verses 22-31)
In whom His world rejoices.
is a song of joy for deliverance: it reveals the victors
Who, from our mothers arms,
public witness and his purpose to magnify the God
Has blessed us on our way,
who provided the deliverance.
With countless gifts of love,
The concluding verses depict the universality of
And still is ours today.1
Christs kingdom, and indicate that those yet unborn
Why were the pain and suffering which surrounded
(the seed, or posterity) will also receive His work of
Rinkart not reflected in his hymn? Had the good
salvation and will declare his righteousness.
pastor seen so much stark tragedy that he had become
insensitive? No, the reason for his peace and gratitude Psalm 23
was simple: like the psalmist who composed our focus Psalm 23 is frequently referred to as The
verse, he believed that Gods providence is always Shepherd Psalm, and is one of the most well-known
good. He realized that the paths of righteousness passages in all of Scripture. Authored by David,
will sometimes take us through the valley, but he was this psalm evidences both the psalmists vocation
assured that God would walk with him even when as a shepherd and his close personal relationship
darkness surrounded him and death hovered near. with God. Bible scholars classify this as a psalm
of confidence and agree that its literary beauty and 2. Why do you think the psalmist praised God in the
spiritual insight are unsurpassed. great congregation (Psalm 22:25)?
One outstanding feature of this psalm is the skillful
use of contrasted imagery. Davids words describe both
pastoral peace and passage through peril, the potential
of evil and the prospect of good. Seven activities of the
Lord are described in verses 2-5: He makes a place of
rest, He leads, He restores, He guides, He is present,
He prepares a table, and He anoints. The sheep of
the Lords pasture enjoy five freedoms: from want,
depletion, fear of evil, fear of death, and desertion. 3. What are some of the ways that the Lord has
Through these six verses, the concept of the restored your soul?
complete supply of every need is developed. In the
first four verses, David wrote from personal experience
of the relationship between a shepherd and his sheep.
In verses 5-6, the comparison changes from shepherd
to host, and from the fields to the home. The psalmist
concludes his beautiful meditation with the thought
that after a lifetime filled with goodness and mercy, he
will dwell forever in the presence of God.

I. Book I (1:141:13) CONCLUSION

II. Book II (42:172:20) When our trust is anchored in God, we can face
III. Book III (73:189:52) lifes greatest challenges with complete assurance that
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48) He will always be with us.
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
NOTES
A CLOSER LOOK
1. What does Psalm 22:30-31 indicate about how God
intends the Good News to be passed on?
1. Martin Rinkart, Now Thank We All Our God, Public Domain.

DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS knew that, and he pleaded with the Lord on the basis
of His goodness of character, to remember him rather
Remember not the sins of my youth, nor my than his misdeeds.
transgressions: according to thy mercy remember How grateful we should be for the loving-kindness
thou me for thy goodness sake, O Lord. of our God! Like David, let us look to the Lord with
(Psalm 25:7) confidence and thank Him that the sins of the past,
once repented of and forgiven, are covered by His
In that lovely season when the warmth of summer tender mercies. We can move forward, assured
cools to autumn, there eventually comes a time when that our past misdeeds need not affect our present
the tomato plants catch a fatal chill. The fruit left on determination to walk closely with God.
the vine turns to mushy, soft globsand those globs
are quite tantalizing to young boys. BACKGROUND
One beautiful fall Sunday, as my parents took a
Psalm 24
Sunday afternoon snooze, my brothers gave in to the
Many Bible scholars group this psalm with
temptation those tomatoes presented. The fruit was
Psalms 22 and 23, viewing them as a trilogy depicting
still firm enough to throw, but not so firm as to cause
three roles of Jesus Christ: Savior, Shepherd, and
any damageor so they thought.
Sovereign. It was written by David, most likely as a
There was a garden across the country road from
liturgical chorus to be sung by the people of Israel
our house, but out of sight behind a row of lilac
as they accompanied the return of the Ark of the
bushes. Now and then, people on Sunday afternoon
Covenant from the house of Obed-Edom to the City
drives would pass our house, and on that afternoon,
of Jerusalem (see 2 Samuel 6:12-17; 1 Chronicles
several of them were likely surprised to see tomato
15:25-29). It may have been sung antiphonally,
missiles fly over the lilacs toward their cars. As a girl,
with one choir asking the questions and a second choir
I was not inclined to toss the mushy softballs, but I
responding with the appropriate answers. The psalm
remember watching my brothers with a mixture of
follows a similar theme as Psalm 68, which is
worry and awe. It became a memorable day.
superscribed A prayer at the removing of the ark,
As one nice car came down the hill behind our
and the psalm in 1 Chronicles 16:7-36, which was
house, a tomato flew over the hedge. Usually the boys
written to thank the Lord for the Arks return. This
could hear a plop when the missile hit its target,
theme is also found in Psalm 15, 30, 87, and 132.
but this was one of those disappointing ones with
Sometimes referred to as The Ascension Psalm,
no sound. In just a minute, however, all of us were
this song is generally considered as a prophetic view
horrified to see the car backing up the road. It stopped
of Christ after His victory over death and sin, and His
at our house, and a very unhappy man got out to have
ultimate sovereignty over all. It can be divided into
a chat. It seemed that his wifes window had been
two main sections: verses 1-6 describe the character
open to catch some fresh air, and her lap caught a very
of true worship, and verses 7-10 describe the
mushy tomato! Needless to say, Dads nap was shorter
crowning of the King.
than usual, and as a result, my brothers were sorrier
than usual. They had to apologize to the couple and Psalm 25
clean up their car. As you can imagine, that was the Psalm 25 is a prayer of David. It is often classified
end of tomato bombs! as a wisdom psalm, and is the second of the seven
While we may never have engaged in flinging penitential psalms. Also, it is one of nine psalms
overripe fruit at passing cars, every one of us can look written in acrostic form, in which each verse begins
back on youthful misdemeanors that we would rather with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet. (In
forget. In our focus verse, the psalmist David prayed this psalm, there are minor modifications from the
that the sins and transgressions of his youth pattern.)
would not be held against him. The word translated The theme is a cry to God for forgiveness of sin
sins in this passage refers to the thoughtless failures and help in a time of affliction. The psalm begins
and offenses of youth, while transgressions literally with a prayer (verses 1-7), the second stanza (verses
means rebellions and denotes willful and deliberate 8-15) is a contemplation of the goodness of God, and
offenses, perhaps of later years. Thankfully, the mercy the concluding section (verses 16-21) is once again a
and grace of God are sufficient to cover both! David petition. The closing verse (22) does not fit into the
alphabetical sequence, so some commentators suggest
that this concluding prayer was inserted during the
time of Israels captivity.
Psalm 26
Psalm 26, like Psalms 25, 27, and 28, is simply
titled of David. Commentators debate its setting
and form; some consider it an individual lament,
while others suggest it was used as a liturgy upon
entrance into the place of worship. It is a plea in
which David, in confidence of his integrity, asked God 3. In Psalm 26, David listed a number of steps he had
for vindication from a false accusation. The psalmist taken to preserve his integrity. What safeguards can
began with a presentation of his case (verses 1-5), we put in place to help ensure that we stay faithful to
moved to a promise of worship (verses 6-8), requested God?
protection (verses 9-10), and closed with a statement
of assurance (verses 11-12).
Davids opening petition, Judge me, O Lord;
for I have walked in mine integrity, has the tone
of a formal oath of innocence. The psalmists
expressed intent to wash [his] hands (verse 6) was
a ceremonial act signifying purity or innocence. The
bloody men in verse 9 referenced bloodthirsty and
violent evildoers such as assassins, murderers, etc.

I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20) CONCLUSION
III. Book III (73:189:52) Once we repent of our sins, God covers them
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48) with His grace and never remembers them against us
V. Book V (107:1150:6) again. How grateful we should be for His mercy and
loving-kindness toward us!
A CLOSER LOOK
NOTES
1. What qualifications did David list in Psalm 24:4 for
the one who desires to ascend the hill of the Lord, or
stand in His holy place?
2. In Psalm 25:4, David prayed, Shew me thy ways,

O Lord; teach me thy paths. Why is it so important
to seek Gods guidance?
DAYBREAK

Psalm 27
Blessed be the Lord, because he hath heard the
Psalm 27 has two distinct and contrasting
voice of my supplications. The Lord is my strength
sections. Verses 1-6 are an affirmation of faith and
and my shield; my heart trusted in him, and I am
confidence in God. Verses 7-14 are a petition by
helped: therefore my heart greatly rejoiceth; and the psalmist for God to hear his cry and provide
with my song will I praise him. (Psalm 28:6-7) instruction, guidance, and protection. Some suggest
that because of the difference in content, the two
Dwight L. Moody, noted American evangelist,
sections may have originally been composed at
was one who found that prayer can bring peace, even
different times. However, a transition from one
in the midst of terrifying circumstances. In November
theme or tone to another is not uncommon in the
of 1892, Moody was sailing home to America after an
psalms; many times such a progression indicates the
extended campaign in England. During the voyage,
movement in the authors heart as he communed with
rough seas caused the ships shaft to break, and the
God in prayer.
lower part of the vessel began filling with water. The
Because of the warfare imagery and use of words
passengers and crew were gripped with foreboding as
such as enemies, foes, army, and war, the psalm is
the crippled ship began lurching violently from side
traditionally ascribed to David. Although the exact
to side. As night set in, foreboding turned to terror
setting is unknown, Bible scholars agree that it may
among many of those on board.
have been composed during the period of Davids
Moody was not immune to fear. As he faced the
flight from Absalom.
very real prospect of perishing at sea, his thoughts
In addition to expressing his need for physical
flew to his wife and children, his friends on both
deliverance, the psalmist declared his deep spiritual
sides of the Atlantic, and the various enterprises
longing in three ways: he desired to dwell in the
he had begun in the work of the Lord. He later
Lords house, to behold the Lords beauty, and to
recounted: It was the darkest hour of my life. I could
enquire in the Lords Temple. After meditating
not endure it. I must have relief, and relief came in
on the Lord, David addressed Him directly, calling
prayer. God heard my cry, and enabled me to say,
on Him by name. Held steady by the hope of Gods
from the depth of my soul, Thy will be done! Sweet
intervention in his behalf, David concluded the psalm
peace came to my heart. I went to bed, fell asleep
with an exhortation, seemingly to himself, to wait
almost immediately, and never slept more soundly
upon God with courage, secure in the knowledge that
in all my lifeI can no more doubt that God gave
God would surely answer.
answer to my prayer for relief than I can doubt my
own existence.1 Psalm 28
The next day, another ship spotted the damaged Psalm 28 is a prayer for Gods help in a time
vessel, and towed it one thousand miles to safety. of trouble, progressing to thanksgiving for Gods
Like Dwight L. Moody, the psalmist David deliverance in a simple conflict-to-resolution
found that God can bring peace in lifes most structure. The superscription credits authorship to
serious challenges. The first verses of Psalm 28 are a David.
desperate plea for help, but in our focus verses, David The psalm begins with a plea of great emotional
thanks God for hearing his prayer. The psalmists intensity, reflecting Davids anxiety in a time of
assurance rings through his wordsGod is the peril. It possibly was written during the time when
saving strength of those who trust in Him. Absalom rose up in rebellion against his father.
What a beautiful truth! We may not face vicious The word translated mischief in verse 3 has a much
attacks by enemies as David did, or physical peril stronger meaning in the original language; it implies
like that encountered by Moody. However, it is the intention of unmitigated evil. The psalmists
certain that we will face challenges of some sort in outraged sense of justice is apparent as he pled with
life! In those times, we can cling to the words of this God to render deserved judgment upon the wicked,
psalm, and know without doubt that our all-powerful both for their evil actions and their disregard for the
God will be our strength and shield if we will put our works of the Lord (verse 5).
trust in Him. He is the One who gives peace in the As in the preceding psalm, there is an abrupt
storm! change of tone midway. Beginning with verse 6,
David rejoiced in the security, power, and protection A CLOSER LOOK
God gives. Some commentators suggest these words
1. What did the psalmist ask the mighty to give
may have been added after deliverance had come;
unto the Lord in Psalm 29?
alternatively, they were an expression of Davids
faith that deliverance would come after he presented
his request to God. In a closing doxology (a short
hymn of praise to God sung at the conclusion of a
psalm or hymn) the psalmist expressed his profound 2. Psalm 28:8-9 reflect that others benefited when
appreciation and adoration for the God who helps and David received an answer to prayer. How might
delivers those who trust in Him. others benefit when we receive an answer?
Psalm 29
Psalm 29 was traditionally sung on the first
day of the Feast of Tabernacles. Titled by various
commentators as The Thunder Psalm or The
Thunder of God, it depicts a symphony of praise to
the Creator by natural forces, rather than simply a
demonstration of His power. Traditionally ascribed
to David, the song reflects the awe that a shepherd
would feel as he observed a great storm.
3. How can we encourage ourselves to wait patiently
After an opening call to worship, verses 3-9
upon God?
describe the approach, onset, and passing of the
storm. A unique feature of this psalm is the repeated
references to the voice of the Lord. Though this
phrase alludes directly to the thunder and wind, it has
a wider meaning as the power of the Word of God.
The heart of the poem is a description of a storm
that moves from the sea to the west of Israel, across
the forested hills of Lebanon in northern Israel to the
more desolate southern regions of Kadesh, and then
to the far borders of Edom. Lebanon and Sirion
in verse 6 are the principal mountains of Israel. The CONCLUSION
flames of fire in verse 7 allude to forked lightening. God gives peace and security to those who put
The violence of the storm made the hinds to calve their trust in Him.
(verse 9) or to birth their young prematurely.
These manifestations of Gods power evoke the NOTES
fitting response of giving glory to God. Psalm 29
concludes with a plea for God to continue to save and
bless His people with peace.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
1. William Revell Moody, The Life of Dwight L. Moody, p.403-404.

DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS There were two instances in which David dedicated a

house: after the building of his palace (2 Samuel 5:11)
I will instruct thee and teach thee in the way and at the return of the Ark of the Covenant from the
which thou shalt go: I will guide thee with mine house of Obed-edom to the Tabernacle (1 Chronicles
eye. Be ye not as the horse, or as the mule, which 16:1-7). This psalm could have been written for either
have no understanding: whose mouth must be held of these two occasions.
in with bit and bridle, lest they come near unto It is also possible that the subtitle was added to
thee. (Psalm 32:8-9) the already existing psalm at the time of the dedica-
tion of the Temple built by King Solomon. This psalm
When Papa rode into the yard on Old Jim, a and the Temple have a connecting thread. Some Bible
dapple-gray horse, my siblings and I thought he had scholars suggest that Psalm 30 may have been written
finally lost his mind. Unlike Papas earlier equine by David after God halted the plague at the threshing
purchases, this animal was clearly past his prime. floor of Araunah (see 2 Samuel 24:15). The threshing
However, my father loved horses, and he had saved floor later became the site of King Solomons Temple.
this one from the glue factory to live out his last days If this setting is accepted, Davids description of heal-
in comfort and pleasure on our farm. ing in verses 2-3 would refer to the plague that came
Old Jim quickly became a part of the family, and upon the Children of Israel as a result of his sin of
we children loved to ride him; he seemed to know numbering the people; Davids healing would have
we were young and was very careful with us. My been the removal of that plague.
ten-year-old brother, being the oldest of the five of Other commentators suggest that the psalm is
us, would lead Jim next to a stump that stood in the Davids personal expression of praise for divine heal-
front yard, and we would all pile onto his back. Then ing following a crisis of physical sickness. Whatever
our gentle giant would slowly plod around the yard the case, the dire nature of the psalmists condition is
as each of us, entertained by our imaginations, rode apparent in the strength of his language. He felt his
in rodeos, roped cattle on a round-up, or entered the soul had been on the verge of death. The pit in verse
bronco-busting arena. We were happy. We would 3 was translated from a word that is a common syn-
holler, Yippie ki-yi, and swing imaginary ropes at onym for Sheol, the place of the dead. As the psalmist
phantom cows for an hour without growing weary. expressed gratitude for the divine touch, he cited the
When Old Jim got bored and tired of the games lesson learned: while sorrow and distress may last
and the noise, he would head to the backyard and temporarily, ultimately God restores (verse 5).
carefully but firmly dump us into a howling heap on Though prosperity had made him self-confident, Da-
the ground. He would then stand there with his eyes vid had realized the folly of his ways and had cried
closed. Old he may have been, but that horse had a unto the Lord, who brought deliverance.
mind of his own! As often occurs in the psalms, David moved from
We chuckle at the thought of a horse with prayer and praise to expectation, concluding this song
a mindset. However, in our focus verses we are by contrasting mourning and sackcloth to danc-
admonished not to be stubborn like a horse or mule ing and gladness, and expressing his desire to give
that must be forced to go in the right direction by thanks to God for ever.
the control of a bit or bridle. As children of God, we
should be led by the Spirit of God and be responsive Psalm 31
to His teachings. He is faithful to instruct us, but we Psalm 31 is dedicated to the chief Musician and is
must be willing to submit and follow His leading. ascribed to David in the title. A prayer for deliverance
God watches over us and is concerned about each from the effects of slander and a murderous plot, the
step we take. He will never lead us in a wrong psalm may have been written at the time of Davids
direction. Let us be pliable, teachable, and willing to escape from the treacherous men of Keilah (see
follow. 1 Samuel 23), or during the rebellion of Absalom. As
a result of the plot against him, described as a net
BACKGROUND that they have laid privily for me (verse 4), David
Psalm 30 experienced grief and fear, and this affected him both
The superscription of Psalm 30 indicates that it spiritually and physically. His words alternate be-
was sung during the dedication of a house of David. tween lament and praise.
Davids allusion to lying vanities in verse 6 A CLOSER LOOK
refers to idols. Vanity is a common Old Testament
1. What two actions in Davids song of instruction in
name for false gods.
Psalm 32 brought forgiveness for sin?
Verses 9-13 describe the crisis David faced, and
the despair he felt as a result. Verse 10 seems to indi-
cate that a sense of guilt contributed to the psalmists
distress; he may have been reflecting back to the time
of his sin with Bathsheba (2 Samuel 11:4-17). In vers-
es 14-18, however, David affirmed his confidence in
God and committed his case to Him. Verses 19-24 are
an expression of praise, and a concluding call to the 2. How does the behavior differ between people
saints to love God and be of good courage. who attribute their prosperity to God and those who
attribute it to themselves?
Psalm 32
Psalm 32 is the second of the seven poems iden-
tified as penitential psalms; it relates closely to Psalm
51. The superscription Maschil, which means to in-
struct, indicates that it was a meditation designed to
teach. The theme of the psalm is the joy of forgive-
ness; it is a lesson in salvation based upon Davids
own experience.
The word translated transgression in verse 1 is the
strongest and most serious of Old Testament words
3. Davids final exhortation in Psalm 31 was to be
used to indicate personal wrongdoing; the inherent
of good courage, and he shall strengthen your heart.
meaning is rebellion against divine authority. The
What are some ways we can help others to have
word sin (in Hebrew, chattah) means missing the
courage when they face lifes challenges?
mark, while iniquity (avon) refers to depravity or the
distortion of morals.
When God forgives transgressions, the literal
meaning is that He bears or carries away the sin.
The word covered implies that sin is purposefully
hidden or concealed by God (not by personal effort)
as one would cover up something repulsive or offen-
sive to ones sight. The phrase imputeth not means
guilt is not charged or placed on the account of the
doer; God has absolved it by His grace.
The phrase when I kept silence (verse 3) refers
to a state of unrepentance, or refusal to confess. The
result was that the writer was depleted both physically
and mentally, and the hand of God was heavy upon CONCLUSION
himhe felt the convicting hand of God. The only We want to be sensitive to Gods instruction, and
cure was confession, which is described in verse 5. quick to obey His leadings.
In verses 8-11, the psalmist assumed the role of
instructor, admonishing his hearers to follow the guid- NOTES
ing of God. The psalm concludes with an encourage-
ment for the righteous to rejoice and shout for joy.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
DAYBREAK

Psalm 33
O magnify the Lord with me, and let us exalt his
The author of Psalm 33 is not identified, nor is
name together. (Psalm 34:3) there a title. This psalm takes the form of a meditation,
and may have been sung as a hymn of rejoicing and
My husband and I live next door to four of our
adoration. It opens with a call to worship, and has three
grandchildren. Some months ago when the oldest two
main sections: praise to God for His Word and works
were at our house visiting, they found a magnifying
in creation (verses 1-9), in history (verses 10-17), and
glass in my desk drawer. They were curious about
in redemptive power (verses 18-22).
what it was, so I took them outside and introduced
The stringed instruments mentioned in verse 2
them to the wonders of inspecting our environment
differed only in form; they were all handheld and
close up. We studied a leaf, scrutinized the root of
plucked with the fingers. The harp is one of the oldest
a dandelion (yes, we do have a few of those in our
known musical instruments; in that era it had a wooden
yard), and examined the fine filament of a spider
framework with seven, eight, or ten strings, and was
web strung from our deck to a nearby bush. Flowers
small enough to be easily carried (see 1 Samuel 10:5).
that seemed ordinary at first glance proved to be
The psaltery (or lyre) may have been of Phoenician
stunningly intricate and beautiful when magnified. My
origin. It likely was slightly larger than the harp and
grandchildren were fascinated!
probably provided the lower tones in the music.
From that afternoon on, the two of them have
The heathen referred to in verse 10 were the
knocked frequently on our door and asked to borrow
Gentiles. These were set in contrast to the nation
the magnifying glass in order to check out some new
whose God is the Lord (verse 12), which was the
discovery in the backyard. Theyve found that the
Jewish nation.
tiniest of items, when observed through the magnifying
glass, become awesome! Minute details are suddenly Psalm 34
visible, and new beauty appears. I cant count how Psalm 34 is classified as an individual lament.
many times they have summoned us, Grandma, Papa, According to the superscription, it was written
come and look! You need to see this! by David after he changed his behavior before
In our focus verse, the psalmist David said, O Abimelech. This refers to 1 Samuel 21:12-13 where
magnify the Lord with me, and let us exalt his name David, because of his fear of Achish the king of Gath,
together. What does it mean to magnify the Lord? changed his behaviour before them, and feigned
Charles Spurgeon (1834-1892) preached that it meant himself mad. An explanation for the differing
to greaten God. That fits with the original Hebrew names of the king is that Abimelech (cited in the
word translated magnify, which means to make superscription), means my father is king, and was
large. Spurgeon was not suggesting that we can make most likely a title denoting royal lineage, while Achish
God greater than He is, any more than the magnifying was the actual name of the king.
glass will enlarge a flower. Rather, it is our perspective Similar in many ways to Psalm 25, Psalm 34 was
that changes. A close study reveals details we never written in acrostic form with each verse beginning with
saw before. a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet. However, a
Spurgeon was teaching that we should promote letter (and therefore a verse) is missing between verses
God, lift Him up, and make Him known. When we 5 and 6, and verse 22 does not follow the pattern.
take time to carefully read Gods Word and do our Adam Clarkes commentary suggests that placing
best to study the heart and mind of God, we make new verse 22 between verse 5 and 6 would give the psalm a
discoveries about Him. We see Him in a new way. We better flow.
realize He is bigger, better, more wonderful, and more A well-loved psalm, the theme is that of praise for
able to solve any of the problems that face us. And our Gods gracious treatment. The exhortation to praise
natural response is to exclaim in wonder, to share our is reinforced by the psalmists personal testimony of
discoveries, and to call others to come and see in deliverance from fear, danger, trouble, and affliction.
short, to magnify Him! Verse 7 is the first reference to the angel of the
Today, we can purpose to closely focus on our Lord in the Psalms. This is the Old Testament phrase
amazing God and then be prepared to share our for the Divine Presence which is both identified with
discoveries! God and distinct from Him.
Verse 20 is a prophetic look ahead to Jesus 3. Singing and playing musical instruments are often
crucifixion. Although Roman soldiers typically broke referenced in the Psalms. What are some other ways
the legs of criminals who were crucified in order to we can praise the Lord?
hasten death, Jesus bones were not broken.

I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)

1. According to Psalm 34:7, who does the angel of the David recognized that the God who commanded
Lord encamp round about? the world into existence is concerned with our
everyday needs, and magnified Him with song and
public testimony. We want to do the same!
NOTES
2. What are some of the results and benefits of

magnifying the Lord?
DAYBREAK

Psalm 35
How excellent is thy lovingkindness, O God!
Psalm 35 is an imprecatory psalm (a psalm that
therefore the children of men put their trust under invokes judgment, calamity, orcurses, upon ones
the shadow of thy wings. (Psalm 36:7) enemies, or upon those perceived as the enemies of
God).It is identified as a psalm of David, and is a
The Bolivar Point Lighthouse in Texas was put
prayer in the time of personal peril. David prayed
into service on November 19, 1872. Through the
for God to intervene on his behalf and defend him as
years, the light atop the 117-foot iron fortress guided
he faced three threats that were beyond his control:
many ships safely through storms and hurricanes.
physical danger, false accusation, and betrayal.
Harry Claiborne was the lighthouse keeper at
In these first three verses, David may have been
Bolivar Point when the Great Hurricane of 1900
referring to opposition in general. However, as the
inundated Galveston Island with five feet of water.
psalm progresses, the specifics become increasingly
During the height of the storm, which occurred on
personal. The description of the enemy in verse 4 as
September 8, over 120 people sought protection
those who sought after his soul and devised his hurt
inside the strong walls of the lighthouse. They seated
suggests that individuals close to the psalmist had
themselves by twos on the towers spiral staircase,
developed bitter enmity against him.
huddling together as 140 miles-per-hour winds raged
The graphic imagery, use of military terms, and
around them. When the flood waters receded from the
sudden transitions of this psalm are all typical of
base of the lighthouse, it was found that the hurricane
Davids style, especially in his earlier days. This may
had destroyed most of the city of Galveston, and
indicate that it was written during the time when
many in the surrounding area had died. However, all
David was being pursued by King Saul and his men
those in the tower were safe.
(1 Samuel 20-26). Verse 7 may allude to King Saul, as
A similar type of hurricane hit Bolivar Point on
it describes an enemy who without cause set a snare
August 16-17 of 1915. That time, sixty people found
for David.
protection in the mighty sea fortress. The assistant
In verse 15, the exact meaning of the abjects
keeper reported that the top of the tower shook
who gathered themselves together against David has
and swayed in the wind like a giant reed. Although
been debated and variously translated as outcasts,
significant damage was done to the lens mechanism
smiters, and slanderers. Whatever the precise
and the keepers dwelling, once again all those in the
meaning, the sense of the passage is obvious: those
lighthouse were protected.
whom David once had considered as friends had
In our focus verse, David extolled the steadfast
turned on him with slanderous lies. Davids plea in
love of God. Just as the Bolivar Point Lighthouse
verse 17 for God to rescue my darling could
offered protection from the storm to those who took
be literally translated as rescue my only one, in
shelter within its strong walls, God offers protection
reference to Davids one and only life. In verse 19, the
from the storms of life for all those who put their trust
phrase wink with the eye refers to a victor who in
under the shadow of His wings.
this manner shows gleeful satisfaction at his triumph
Like David of old, one contemporary songwriter
over the one he conquered.
put this thought into words.
David ended the psalm with a plea for God to
So let the storms rage high,
vindicate him and respond with justice to his enemies,
The dark clouds rise,
and pledged once again to praise God upon his
They wont worry me;
deliverance.
For Im sheltered safe within the arms of God.
He walks with me, Psalm 36
And naught of earth shall harm me, Psalm 36 is classified as a wisdom psalm which
For Im sheltered in the arms of God.1 contrasts the wickedness of man with the steadfastness
Are you facing peril today? Many types of storms of God. Described by Bible scholars as an individual
can come into our lives. Whether the winds that lament, the psalm is dedicated to the chief Musician.
buffet us are physical, emotional, or spiritual in David is traditionally credited with authorship.
nature, we have a sure refuge we can flee to. David The first four verses tell of the corruption that
proved that truth, and so can we! exists in the heart of the godless, while verses 5-9
relate to the character of God. In the last section of the 3. What actions of David can we emulate in order to
psalm, verses 10-12, David asked the Lord to continue triumph over hard circumstances?
His goodness towards the upright and to keep him
from pride, which caused the downfall of the wicked.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. In Psalm 35:11-12, what three things did David say
his accusers did? CONCLUSION
As David proved, Gods faithfulness, protection,
lovingkindness, and care are always available for
those who trust Him.
NOTES
2. Why is being deceived or accused by people we

regarded as friends so hard to endure?
1. Dottie Rambo and Jimmie Davis, Sheltered in the Arms of God, 1969, 1997 Peermusic, Ltd.
DAYBREAK
Psalm 37:1-40

Commit thy way unto the Lord; trust also in him; Psalm 37
and he shall bring it to pass. (Psalm 37:5) Psalm 37, another wisdom psalm, was written
by David in his old age (see verse 25). From the
In my daughters freshman year at college, she vantage point of a long life of experience, he
was not allowed to choose whom she would room meditated upon a theme that is frequently considered
with, and ended up sharing a dorm with two girls in wisdom literature: a contrast between the wicked
where the atmosphere was so unappealing that she and the righteous. The point is made that while the
often did her homework while sitting on the floor unrighteous frequently are prosperous and enjoy great
in the hallway. While God was with her and she power, the righteous are secure because they are held
knew He was in control, that experience made her in Gods hand and thus have no need to fret over their
especially concerned about whom she would live with fate. Psalms 49 and 73 also address this topic, as does
the following year. much of the Book of Job.
As her sophomore year approached, she was This psalm is written in acrostic form, with
allowed to choose a roommate, but she was reluctant every third verse beginning with the next letter of
to depend upon her own limited knowledge of the the Hebrew alphabet. Its sententious style, which is
other students. She knew the best way was to ask the characterized by terse sayings embodying general
Lord to find a roommate for her. After she prayed, truths, is similar to that of Proverbs.
however, several weeks passed with no sign of a The statement, The arms of the wicked shall be
roommate. Many times my daughter thought of broken (verse 17), means that the strength of the
someone she could ask, but when she considered wicked will be destroyed. In verse 20, the declaration
taking action, the Lord checked her heart by asking, that the enemies of the Lord shall be as the fat of
Didnt you say that I could choose a roommate for lambs indicates that the life of a wicked person will
you? be as fleeting as the smoke of a sacrifice. The seed
As the deadline approached, it became more and of the righteous, alluded to in verses 25, 26, and 28,
more difficult to wait and hold on to her trust that the are his children. The green bay tree in verse 35 is
Lord would bring someone to her in time. Also, she supposed by several commentators to be a reference
experienced pressure from others who thought she to the cedars of Lebanon; others suggest it simply
was being foolish in taking such a passive role. She alludes to a tree that thrives in its own native soil.
had committed to waiting on God, though, and less The psalm concludes with a reassurance that to
than two weeks before the deadline, a girl she barely the righteous, the Lord provides salvation, strength in
knew asked to room with her. the time of trouble, and deliverance from the wicked.
The two girls quickly found that they had much
in common, including a shared interest in athletics, AMPLIFIED OUTLINE Hannahs Bible Outlines
hobbies, and religion. They even speak the same I. Book I (1:141:13)
second language! They received the same honors at II. Book II (42:172:20)
graduation, and both received the baptism of the Holy III. Book III (73:189:52)
Ghost during their college years. Now, several years IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
later, they are still the best of friends. V. Book V (107:1150:6)
My daughter could have relied on her own
judgment to find a roommate, but the outcome would A CLOSER LOOK
not have been as good. She did not know every girl 1. According to verse 23, who orders the steps of a
on campus who needed a roommate, but God did, and good man?
He sent one who was easy to room with. My daughter
could not see the future and know that she would need
encouragement during that year, but God could, and 2. What are some ways we can delight ourselves in
He sent a Christian roommate for fellowship. If we the Lord (see verse 4)?
will commit our ways to God and place our trust in
Him, we can be assured that He will bring about the
best outcome for us as well.
CONCLUSION
It pays to entrust everything in our lives to the
Lords control and guidance.
NOTES
3. How can we keep our focus on our own

relationship with God and not on the lives of others?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS unawares. At some point, we likely all will be on the

receiving end of false accusations, gossip, or lies.
They also that seek after my life lay snares for We learn from experience that words can hurt. While
me: and they that seek my hurt speak mischievous accepting such attacks meekly and refusing to retaliate
things, and imagine deceits all the day long. But is a challenge, we want others to see the beauty of
I, as a deaf man, heard not; and I was as a dumb Christ shining through us. How carefully we need
man that openeth not his mouth. Thus I was as a to monitor our responses! Consistent control of the
man that heareth not, and in whose mouth are no tongue may not be easy, but it is possible with the
reproofs. (Psalm 38:12-14) Lords help, and it is an effort that pays real spiritual
dividends.
It is not easy to keep silent when others speak ill of
us. William Booth (18291912), the British Methodist BACKGROUND
preacher who founded The Salvation Army, was a man
Psalm 38
who endured vicious assaults by both the government
Psalm 38 bears the superscription, A Psalm of
and religious leaders of his day. Described publically
David, to bring to remembrance. It is classified as a
at various times as being dishonest, sanctimonious, and
penitential psalm, and has the form of an individual
evil, Booth was labeled as a hypocritical scoundrel,
lament; it chronicles the physical, emotional, and
a brazen-faced charlatan, a pious rogue, an
spiritual sufferings David endured as a result of
impossible dreamer, and even as the Antichrist! His
committing a sin. The sin is not named, but most likely
efforts in the fields of evangelism and social reform
it was the killing of Bathshebas husband, Uriah (see
were blasted as being prostitution of the mind, and
2 Samuel 11). Psalms 6, 32, and 51 also are
as nothing more than a ruse to herd sheep into his
traditionally associated with that event.
narrow theological fold. He was scorned frequently
Of all the penitential psalms, commentators agree
in newspapers, ridiculed in magazine articles, and
that this one expresses Davids anguished state most
criticized by public speakers. One professor, a staunch
graphically. His vivid descriptions reveal a man who
proponent of Charles Darwins theory of evolution,
was sick in soul and body, forsaken by his friends,
wrote twelve brusque letters blasting Booth that were
beset by his enemies, and overwhelmed by a sense of
published in the London Times, giving detailed reasons
guilt. In his distress, he cried out to God.
why the author found everything about William Booth
Davids assertion that thine arrows stick
and his Salvation Army so detestable.
fast in me was a metaphorical way of refering to
The attacks and controversy were difficult for
Gods chastisement; the symbolism of arrows as
Booths wife and children to bear. Many times
representations of Gods wrath also occurs in other
Bramwell, Booths oldest son, would burst into
places in Scripture. The images of no soundness in
his fathers office with an offensive newspaper or
his flesh, wounds that stink and are corrupt, and
magazine article in hand. Protesting the libelous
loins that are filled with a loathsome disease all
assaults, he would tell his father, You really must
express in vivid metaphor the corruption of sin. The
respond to this! You need to do something to combat
psalmists statement that he roared by reason of the
this awful gossip. William Booth always gave him the
disquietness of my heart meant that he groaned aloud
same answer: Bramwell, fifty years from now it will
because of his burden of guilt.
matter very little indeed how these people treated us. It
As David agonized over his terrible state, he
will matter a great deal how we dealt with the work of
presented his condition fully to God, holding nothing
God.1
back. The psalm concludes with three final petitions:
In our focus verses, the psalmist David exhibited
David pleaded with God not to forsake him, not to be
a similar response to those who rejected him and
far from him, and to quickly help him.
verbally assailed him. Unlike William Booth, David
knew that he was guilty of sin and was suffering as a Psalm 39
result of his misdeeds. Still, he refused to respond to Some commentators consider Psalm 39 to be a
his attackers, but rather brought the matter before God sequel to Psalm 38, although it is not penitential in
alone. nature. It is dedicated to Jeduthun, one of the chief
In our super-charged, high-stress society, hasty musicians who served under David. This is the first
and unkind speech is something that can catch us of four psalms which identify Jeduthun. (He is also
named in the titles of Psalm 62 and 77, and in Psalm
88, where he is identified as Heman the Ezrahite; his
name was changed after the appointments at Gibeon
which are described in 1 Chronicles 16.)
Psalm 39 is classified as an individual lament, and
includes both direct prayer and meditation. Within
its thirteen verses, a range of emotions and moods
are reflected: faith, rebellion, despair, repentance, 3. Two important steps toward spiritual restoration are
resignation, and trust. identified in Psalm 38:18. Why are these steps so vital?
In verses 8-11, with his health gone, the psalmist
associates forgiveness of sin with the removal of
physical affliction. (In the Old Testament, sickness
was often viewed as a sign of Gods judgment.) The
psalm concludes with a prayer that reflected Davids
awareness that life here is temporal and fleeting, and
he would soon be no more.

I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
CONCLUSION
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6) When we suffer from the words of others, we can
leave our case in Gods hands. It is best to focus on
A CLOSER LOOK Him, rather than on responding to those who speak
1. In Psalm 38:20, whom did David identify as his against us.
adversaries? NOTES
2. David had placed his hope in the Lord. Given the

fact that he had so grievously sinned, why do you
think he felt that God would hear and help him?
1. Janet and GeoffBenge, William Booth: Soup, Soap, and Salvation, YWAM Publishing, 2002, page 165.
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS innumerable evils which surrounded him, the Lord was
mindful of him and would be his Help and Deliverer.
But I am poor and needy; yet the Lord thinketh Consider, for a moment, the magnitude of that
upon me: thou art my help and my deliverer; make thought. Most likely the mayor of your town does not
no tarrying, O my God. (Psalm 40:17) know your name. The governor of your state never
heard of you. The president of the country has no
Corrieten Boom(18921983) was aDutch knowledge that you exist. Yet the God of Heaven, the
Christianwho, along with her father and other Creator of the whole universe, knows you by name!
family members, helped many Jews escape Not only that, He is aware of your every need. You
theNaziHolocaustduringWorld War II,and was matter to Himin fact, He is thinking about you at
imprisoned for it. Corrie and her sister, Betsie, were this very moment!
sent to theVughttransitconcentration camp in the There may be times when evil surrounds us, trials
Netherlands, and from there to theRavensbrckdeath sweep through our lives, and our hearts nearly fail
camp inGermany. Toward the end of the war, the from fear. In those moments, we can do as David did
camp population at Ravensbrckgrew to more than and pray, O Lord: let thy lovingkindness and thy
ten times the originally planned number.Imprisoned truth continually preserve meO Lord, make haste to
women were forced to work in many kinds of slave help me (Psalm 40:11,13). He will never fail to be our
labor, inmates were hardly fed, and living conditions Help and Deliverer!
in the barracks for prisoners were deplorable almost
beyond description. BACKGROUND
One morning, Corrie awoke with a bad cold.
Psalm 40
Without so much as a handkerchief for her runny
Traditionally ascribed to David, Psalm 40 is
nose, she felt she simply could not bear it. Why dont
dedicated to the chief Musician, indicating that it
you pray for a hankie? Betsie asked. Corrie almost
was probably sung. It has two distinct parts: verses
laughed! Here they were, surrounded by unspeakable
1-10 are a song of praise, while verses 11-17 are a
suffering and death, and her sister suggested praying
personal lament. Verses 13-17 are nearly identical to
for a handkerchief! Betsie, however, was not deterred
Psalm 70, so possibly this section was detached for
by her sisters lack of faith. She prayed a simple prayer
liturgical use and later became a separate psalm. Some
in the Name of Jesus, asking for a hankie because
commentators suggest that this song was written after
Corrie had a bad cold. Corrie just shook her head and
David was restored to the throne following Absaloms
walked away.
rebellion.
A short time later, a fellow prisoner who worked
The psalm provides a beautiful picture of Gods
in the camp hospital approached Corrie and held out
concern for His children. The Hebrew word translated
a small package, saying, I bring you a little present.
inclined in verse 1 literally means stretched out, bent
When Corrie opened it, she found a handkerchief!
down towards. The same word is translated in other
She asked the woman, Did Betsie tell you? Did you
parts of the Old Testament as stretched out (see
know I had a cold? The woman responded, I know
Exodus 7:5,19, 14:21, etc.)
nothing. I was busy sewing handkerchiefs out of an
Psalm 40 is classified as a Messianic psalm, as
old piece of sheet, and there was a voice in my heart
verses 6-10 are quoted in Hebrews 10:5-7 as having
saying, Take a hankie to Corrie ten Boom. So, there
been spoken by Jesus. The phrase innumerable
is your gift, from God.
evils in verse 12 in the original Hebrew is the most
When telling this story later, Corrie commented,
comprehensive term describing the bad or harmful
That pocket handkerchief, made from an old piece of
aspects of life. Though Davids words in verses
sheet, was a message from Heaven for me. It told me
6-12 refer to his own experience, they prophetically
that there is a heavenly Father who hears if one of His
look ahead to Christs suffering at the time of His
children on this planet prays for even just a little thing
crucifixion. For this reason, portions of this psalm are
like a hankie.1
often read in Christian churches on Good Friday.
God does hear our prayers, and He has ways
of communicating that precious truth to His own. Psalm 41
In todays focus verse, the psalmist expressed a Psalm 41 is dedicated to the chief Musician. While
similar perspective when he stated that in spite of the primarily a song of lament, the psalm addresses a
variety of subjects: compassion for the poor, sorrow
for sin, abandonment, and healing.
Jesus quoted verse 9 in John 13:18 saying that
one close to Him (Judas) would betray Him. Davids
betrayer was someone who pretended to be his friend
(he speaketh vanity) in order to gather information
about his condition and spread it to his enemies.
This may have been a reference to Ahithophel (see
2 Samuel 15:12,31). 3. The word poor in Psalm 41 references more than
In verse 10, David pleaded with God to heal just those who need financial assistance; it means
him so that he could requite them, seemingly in weak or helpless. Given that definition, what are
reference to those who had plotted evil against him. some specific ways we can minister to the poor?
While the psalmist usually left vengeance in the
hand of God, he may have felt it was his duty as
king to dispense justice to those who were guilty of
insurrection and betrayal.
Psalm 41 completes Book I of the Psalms. Verse
13 is a doxologyan expression of praise. The other
four books of the Psalms also conclude with praise.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48) CONCLUSION
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
We can be assured that in every situation and
A CLOSER LOOK in every trial we face, God is mindful of us and our
1. According to Psalm 41:1, what has the Lord needs.
promised to those who consider the poor? NOTES
2. What are some of the new songsor new

reasons to praisethat the Lord has put in your mouth
since He saved you?
1. Corrie ten Boom, Jesus Is Victor, Fleming H Revell Co.,1984, pages 481-482.
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS from Him? Be assured that God sees that desire, and
in His own time and way, He will respond and satisfy
As the hart panteth after the water brooks, your heart.
so panteth my soul after thee, O God. My soul
thirsteth for God, for the living God: when shall I
BACKGROUND
come and appear before God? (Psalm 42:1-2) Psalm 42
Psalm 42 is the start of Book II of Psalms (the
Those who thirst for God will be satisfied. Jim Exodus Book), which is comprised of Psalms 42
Seely proved that! Jim grew up being taught the Word through 72. Bible scholars generally agree that this
of God; his parents came in contact with the Apostolic psalm was originally grouped with Psalm 43, forming
Faith Church when he was just four years old. Though one poem. The author of these psalms is unknown;
Jim turned his back on God for a time, he gave his life it may have been David, during the time of his flight
to the Lord on March 4, 1923, after a church service in from Absalom, when he took refuge in Mahanaim (see
Medford, Oregon. Later, God sanctified him. 2 Samuel 17:24).
Often Jim would testify about the thirst for God Along with ten other psalms, this one is dedicated
that sprang up in his heart when he was seeking for to the sons of Korah, who probably were Temple
the baptism of the Holy Ghost. He said, I sought for a musicians and assistants. (Korah was a Levite who,
long timelonger than I should have. I was so thirsty according to Numbers 16:1-35, led a rebellion against
for more of Him! He would bless me abundantly Moses. He was killed, but his descendants remained
and thrill me with His power, but I would get up and faithful to God and continued to serve Him in the
leave without an assurance of having received that Temple.)
experience. I did that time after time, but God was Psalm 42 is a psalm of encouragement in times
faithful to me. of spiritual depression, when God seems far away.
I was working as a truck driver for the U.S. It opens with an expression of desire for God. The
Forest Service at the time. One day I stopped for my water brooks mentioned in verse 1 are springs
lunch break at the summit of Hayes Mountain out of which flow continually from subterranean rivers.
Grants Pass, Oregon, and climbed up among the scrub The authors reminiscence in verse 4 of his former
oak. With a rotting log for an altar, I began to pour out unrestricted access to the house of God lends credence
my heart to God. I did not get my baptism there, but to Davids authorship and the setting described above.
I want to tell you, when I got into my truck, I was a The refrain in verse 5 is repeated in verse 11, and also
thirsty soul. Something had happened inside, and I had in Psalm 43:5; it expresses the psalmists hope that his
the assurance I would get my baptism that night at the situation would be reversed by the help of God.
church service.
Psalm 43
As I was sitting in the meeting, God really
Psalm 43 is generally regarded as an extension
blessed me. At the end of the service, I got down to
of Psalm 42; in many Hebrew manuscripts the two
pray. I told the Lord, If You will come down and bless
appear as one psalm. Although it is a continuation of
me again as You have in the past, I am going to believe
the authors personal lament, the glimmer of hope in
that You have rewarded my faith. As I continued to
God grows stronger in these verses.
pray, that sweet Spirit of God came once more into my
In verse 1, the psalmist pleaded with God to
heart. I just reached up by faith and took hold of Gods
judge or vindicate him; in the original Hebrew,
promise. I cant tell you how I did it, but I did. That
this is a legal term. Though he felt far from God, he
night the Lord filled my vessel to overflowing and
affirmed an awareness that his strength was in God.
gave me the wonderful experience of the baptism of
Thy holy hill (verse 3) could be translated the
the Holy Ghost.
mountain of thy holiness. Thy tabernacles referred
The author of Psalm 42 also knew what it was to
to the dwelling place of God.
have a consuming desire for God. In our focus verses,
he cried, My soul thirsteth for God, and compared Psalm 44
his longing to a deer who instinctively seeks to slake Psalm 44 is classified as a communal lament.
its thirst at a mountain stream. Like the two previous psalms, Psalm 44 is dedicated
Today, are you longing for something from God? to the chief Musician for the sons of Korah, and
Is there an insatiable desire in your heart to receive identified as a Maschil a song instructing some
lesson of wisdom or piety. The date of its composition
is unknown, as is the author. Stylistically, it does not
appear to have been written by David. The author
may have been some Hebrew patriot who poetically
attested to his personal faith, while sorrowing that
his fellow countrymen were suffering from a military
defeat that brought dishonor and reproach upon Gods
people.
While the setting is not identified, this psalm
clearly was written in a time of national distress.
3. Psalm 42:8 states, In the night his song shall be
Israel had been defeated in battle, and the people sold
with me. What song has God given you in the night?
into bondage. Jacob in verse 4 represents all of the
How did it strengthen or encourage you?
people of Israel. Verse 11 may point to a post-exile
date (sometime after 586 B.C.).
After relating how God gave victory in days past,
the psalmist expressed his assumption that God would
give deliverance again. Then, in an abrupt change of
tone, he complained of the nations current defeated
state and protested that Israel had not turned from
God. He stated that God had sore broken us in the
place of dragons (verse 19); this may have referred
to a specific location where Israel had been defeated
in battle, or it may have been a figurative way of
stating that the land had become desolate because of
the nations dishonored condition. In the final four
verses, the author called for Gods intervention and CONCLUSION
vindication. If we are thirsty for God and continue to seek after
Him, our spiritual desires will be satisfied.
NOTES
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. In Psalm 42, where did the psalmist recall going
with the multitude, and why?
2. When we face challenges, why is it so helpful to

have an assurance that our heart is not turned back,
neither have our steps declined from thy way (Psalm
44:18)?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS Even horrific calamities could be faced with courage

because of Gods protecting presence and power.
God is our refuge and strength, a very present How is your relationship with God today? Can
help in trouble. (Psalm 46:1) you say with confidence that He is your Friend? Do
you communicate with Him on a regular basis, sharing
The little farm where my wife grew up was nestled your ongoing joys and concerns? Dont wait until
in a valley between the hills of Southern Oregon. To trouble strikes to look His way and access the help and
get to the farm, vehicles had to turn off the winding security He offers.
mountain highway and cross a creek by way of a
rickety wooden bridge. The road split on the far side BACKGROUND
of the bridge, going north to where my wifes family
Psalm 45
lived and south to the farm of some not-so-friendly
According to the lengthy superscription, Psalm 45
neighbors. These neighbors felt they had exclusive
was composed as a wedding song (a song of loves)
rights to the road across the bridge, even though both
to celebrate the kings wedding. The word Shoshannim
households legally shared the access. The elderly
means lilies, and either indicates that the song was
farmer even placed a no trespassing sign along the
played on a lily-shaped instrument, or that it was to be
road! The sight of my wifes family driving across
sung to the tune of a song titled, Lilies. Classified
the bridge would bring both the man and his wife out
as a royal psalm, Psalm 45 is a Maschil, or psalm
to their front porch where they would scream threats
designed for instruction. It is addressed to the chief
and accusations of trespassing. They wanted no one
Musician, who was the leader of the tabernacle choir.
else using what they mistakenly assumed was their
The author is not identified by name but he may have
exclusive property.
been a court scribe since he alluded to himself in the
One day while the old man was working around
first verse as a ready writer.
his place, he lifted the lid off his well and peered
Many Bible scholars suggest that this psalm,
down into the deep dark hole. As he did so, his glasses
while specifically directed to the king of that day and
suddenly slipped off his face and fell into the depths
his bride, also alludes prophetically to Christ and
of the well with a distant splash. Without his glasses,
His Bride, the Church. This view is supported by the
his vision was very poor, and he simply could not
fact that verses 6-7 are quoted in Hebrews 1:8-9 as
see to retrieve them. After a number of unsuccessful
applicable to Christ. The psalm can be divided into
attempts, he realized that he needed help. The only
three parts: verses 1-9 concern the royal bridegroom,
person close by was my father-in-lawthe very
verses 10-15 describe the bride, and verses 16-17 are a
person he had done his best to keep away! However,
prophetic blessing regarding the generations to come.
there was no alternative, so the farmer haltingly made
his way up the road to the house of the one who could Psalm 46
help. He was not turned away; my father-in-law The word Alamoth, appearing in the super-
graciously came to his assistance, and the glasses were scription of Psalm 46, can be translated as young
retrieved. woman, and probably indicates that the psalm was to
Just as that old farmer refused to acknowledge be sung by high voices or played upon a high-pitched
the rights of his neighbor until he was forced to ask instrument. Like many other psalms, it is ascribed to
for help, many people exclude God from their lives the chief Musician for the sons of Korah.
until they face trouble. Then, in desperation, they turn This psalm is the first of three poems dealing
His way. While God always hears our cry, and we with the greatness of God and His sufficiency for
know He is merciful, how much better it is to have a current and future circumstances. It is an expression
relationship with Him before a crisis occurs rather than of confidence in God by the inhabitants of Jerusalem
presuming on that mercy! following a miraculous deliverance. The context may
The author of Psalm 46 clearly had a connection have been the defeat of the King of Assyria when he
with God. He knew from prior experience that God is besieged Jerusalem and the angel of the Lord killed
a refuge and strength, a very present help in trouble. 185,000 of his soldiers during the night (see 2 Kings
As a result, he could say he would not fear, though 19:35-36). The psalmist described the miraculous
the earth be removed, and though the mountains delivery in three stanzas, each of which contains the
be carried into the midst of the sea (Psalm 46:2). central theme that God is present during times of
trouble and provides safety (stanzas begin at verses 1, A CLOSER LOOK
7, and 11). Each stanza ends with the word selaha
1. How many times in Psalm 47 did the psalmist call
word with a variety of interpretations. Selah occurs
on all people to sing praises to God?
seventy-one times in the Psalms and three times in
Habakkuk, and is generally thought to indicate a pause
to stop and reflect.
Psalm 46 possibly was the inspiration for Martin
Luthers hymn, A Mighty Fortress Is Our God. 2. In Psalm 45, the bride was advised to leave her
friends and family to join the king. In what ways might
Psalm 47 God require Christians to leave their friends and
Psalm 47 continues the theme of the greatness family to follow Him, and why?
and sufficiency of God begun in Psalm 46. Like the
previous psalm, it is ascribed to the chief Musician
for the sons of Korah. While the tone of the psalm is
Davidic, no author is cited.
For the most part, Psalm 47 is considered as being
Messianic. It is viewed as a prophetic allusion to the
ascension of Christ and His kingly rule over all the
earth (verse 2).
Psalm 48
Psalm 48 completes the trilogy of three psalms 3. What are some steps we can take to ensure that the
extolling God. The superscription identifies this poem next generation will remember what God has done on
as A Song and Psalm for the sons of Korah. Some their behalf?
commentators suggest that, like Psalm 46, this psalm
was composed after the deliverance of Jerusalem from
Sennacheribs assault (see 2 Kings 19). Others see it
as a prophetical view of Christs future kingdom. Both
interpretations may be correct; frequently in Scripture
a historical event provides the basis for a passage with
both immediate and future applications.
This psalm magnifies the greatness of God and
Mount Zion, His dwelling place. The psalm opens with
a description of who is to be worshipped (God), and CONCLUSION
where He is to be worshipped (in the mountain of his
holiness). Verses 2-13 are a description of Zion. Let us be sure to maintain a close relationship
The ships of Tarshish alluded to in verse 7 were with God. Then when we face problems or perplexing
the largest and most skillfully fashioned seagoing situations, we can turn to Him in confidence, knowing
vessels of Old Testament times. They carried trade that He will help.
goods to and from Tarshish (Tartessus) in Spain. In
NOTES
spite of their strong construction, the natural forces
commanded by God were far stronger; one instance
when the ships of Tarshish were broken is recorded
in 1 Kings 22:48.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS the deposits we made toward our eternal heritage

during our lives here on this earth. Today is a good
For he seeth that wise men die, likewise the fool time to consider our spiritual investments. We can
and the brutish person perish, and leave their grow in closeness to God as we commune with Him,
wealth to others. (Psalm 49:10) and accept with praise the rich gifts of love and
wisdom that He lavishes upon us. We can look for
More than a century has gone by since the luxury ways to grow in kindness and thoughtfulness. We
passenger liner RMS Titanic met its catastrophic end. can do our best to make life better and happier for
One of the largest and most luxurious passenger ships the people around us. We can cause our relationships
of its day, theTitanicwas considered by many to be to grow closer and more loving as we exemplify
unsinkable. However, on April 14, 1912, just four willingness to care about the other person as much as
days into its maiden voyage, the ship collided with an we care about ourselves.
iceberg. Within a few short hours, the vessel sank to If we make the effort to live daily lives of
the ocean floor, and more than 1,500 lives were lost commitment, love, and service to God, our spiritual
in what has been termed one of the deadliestmaritime investments will grow, and when we pass from this
disastersin history. life, we will be welcomed as faithful servants.
TheTitanics passengers were divided into three
separate classes, determined not only by the price BACKGROUND
of their tickets, but also by wealth and social status.
Psalm 49
Thefirst-class passenger list was a whos who of
Psalm 49 is a wisdom psalm with a dual theme:
the rich and famous in 1912. They included members
riches are not sufficient, and death is certain. Though
of the British aristocracy, millionaire businessmen,
traditionally credited to the sons of Korah, this
railroad presidents, actresses, politicians, high-
psalm is a proverbial teaching for all people, rather
ranking military personnel, industrialists, bankers, and
than a song or a prayer. The conclusion reached is that
professional athletes. Second-class passengers were
while life often is inequitable, all are equal at death.
predominantly leisure tourists. Some were academic
The psalm begins with a universal call to consider
scholars or members of the clergy. This group also
wisdom (verses 1-4), and the announcement of the
included the ships musicians and many middle class
psalmist that he will share his wisdom in a parable.
English and American families. The third-class or
The phrase dark saying in verse 4 denotes a
steerage passengers were of diverse nationalities and
statement that is profound or hard to understand.
ethnic groups, and were primarily people who had left
Verses 5-13 point out the folly of those who
England hoping to start new lives in the United States
trust in wealth, for human riches cannot delay death
and Canada. Some were mothers travelling alone
or purchase immortality. In contrast, the godly are
with their young childrenmost going to join their
assured of triumph in the morning of Christs
husbands who had already traveled to America to find
return; this theme is developed in verses 14-15.
jobs, and having saved up enough money, had finally
Redemption, though it cannot be purchased by
sent for their families.
human riches, is purchased by God, who delivers the
While those who perished in the Titanic disaster
righteous from the power of the grave. The word
were diverse in wealth, social class, educational
translated receive in verse 15 indicates being taken
level, and occupation, they had one similarity: they
up into the heavens in the same manner as Enoch was
all stepped into eternity empty-handed. Inequalities
(see Genesis 5:24). This verse is one of the strongest
may exist in this life, but death equalizes all. In
allusions to immortality found in the Book of Psalms.
todays focus verse, the psalmist alluded to that fact,
In verses 16-20, the writer goes back to his initial
saying that the wise man, the fool, and the brutish
theme, asserting that the righteous need not fear when
(or senseless) person all perish in the same manner.
the wicked prosper. Death ultimately will strip the
Earlier he reflected that the rich man with all his
proud of their glory, because they cannot take their
wealth could not buy off death (redeem his brother)
honor and possessions with them.
nor provide a way to live for ever, and not see
corruption (Psalm 49:7, 9). Psalm 50
One day, each of us will stand before our Maker. Psalm 50 presents God as the Judge of all
The only riches that will be ours in that moment are the earth, and gives a scathing condemnation of
formalism and hypocrisy in worship. It is possible that A CLOSER LOOK
this psalm was written for an event such as the Feast
1. In Psalm 49, what did the psalmist say that those
of Tabernacles, held every seventh year, during which
who trusted in their riches could not do?
the priests were commanded to read the Law and
explain its meaning to the people.
This is the first psalm titled A Psalm of Asaph.
According to 1 Chronicles 15:16-19, Asaph sounded
cymbals before the Ark of the Covenant when it was
moved from the house of Obed-edom to Jerusalem.
Asaph was appointed by David to be the chief
Musician; his duty was to preside over the choral 2. In Psalm 50:14, why do you think the psalmist
renditions that were part of the Temple worship grouped these two commands together? What
(1 Chronicles 16:5). He was not only a musician, but relationship exists between them?
also a celebrated poet, (see 2 Chronicles 29:30 and
Nehemiah 12:46) and was the author or transcriber
of twelve psalms. (Some scholars suggest that he
may not have written the psalms himself, but rather,
transcribed the words of David.) The Books of
Chronicles give other biographical details as well. He
was the son of Berechiah, brother to Zechariah, and
a descendant of Gershom the son of Levi, so he was
identified as a member of the Levites. His descendants
were one of the three families given responsibility for 3. What will be some indicators in our daily lives
music and song in the Temple (1 Chronicles 25:1-9). if our focus is on spiritual investments rather than
In verses 1-6 of Psalm 50, God called all the earth worldly riches?
to witness His judgment of His people, Israel. The
combination of three of Gods names indicates the
awesome nature of God. The command to gather
my saints, refers to people bound to God through a
covenant. The heavens were called to declare Gods
righteousness, giving witness to the fact that His
judgment would be absolutely just.
Retaining the courtroom imagery, verses 7-15
outline Gods complaint against His people: their
devotion to Him had degenerated into hypocritical
routine. Scholars note the emphasis on inward rather
than outward religion in this psalm; it reflected an
understanding that became more prominent in the CONCLUSION
prophetic books of the Old Testament.
There are temporal advantages in acquiring
In verses 16-21, God addressed the wicked,
wealth, but those advantages will all disappear when
citing point-by-point indictments against them and
we stand before God at the end of life. For that reason,
condemning them for reciting His law with their lips,
we should focus on making spiritual investments
but deliberately disobeying Him in their actions.
which will last for all eternity.
In verses 22-23, the writer summarized the kind of
worshiper God is seekingthe one who honors God NOTES
rightly through genuine worship and obedience.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS had to serve a day of prison time. On every count, he

received full and free forgiveness! For the rest of his
Have mercy upon me, O God, according to thy life, he rejoiced in the mercy of God who responded
lovingkindness: according unto the multitude of to the desperate prayer of a sinner.
thy tender mercies blot out my transgressions. Like Walter Janeway, David acknowledged
(Psalm 51:1) his sin before God and cried out for mercy and
forgiveness. In todays focus verse, he pleaded
God always responds with mercy and forgiveness with God to blot out my transgressions, brokenly
to those who come to Him with a truly repentant admitting, Against thee, thee only, have I sinned,
heart. Walter Janeway, an ex-convict who was once and done this evil in thy sight (verse 4).
a drug addict, often testified of how God extended When a sinner approaches God with a repentant
mercy to him. My home was among the dope fiends, spirit, God is merciful. No sin is too great to be
saloons, gambling dens, and behind the prison walls, forgiven! Today, no matter what our past, we can
he would say. My heart was as hard as stone. It thank God for His amazing grace. What peace and
was no trouble for me to hold up a man and take his assurance we have in knowing that when He forgives,
money. I ran bars and dives all over this country, but I the sins we have committed are blotted out!
never knew a day or an hour of happiness.
One day while Walter was awaiting trial in a jail BACKGROUND
in Spokane, Washington, a woman came into the Psalm 51
prison with some Apostolic Faith Gospel papers. Psalm 51 is a penitential prayer for pardon and
Walter asked for one, and in it he read the testimonies renewal, offered by David after Nathan the prophet
of a criminal and a drug addict who had been confronted him regarding his sin with Bathsheba.
delivered from sin. I was trembling like a leaf, he It provides one of the clearest views in the Old
later related. Although he had never read a chapter Testament of sin and its remedy.
in the Bible, hope sprang up in his heart. He told his This psalm is addressed entirely to God. It
cellmate, I have never prayed a prayer in my life, opens with an impassioned plea from a deeply
but I am going to pray. If God can save that kind of convicted heart. In verses 1-4, David cried out to
man, I believe there is hope for me. He knelt down God for mercy and pardon. He made no attempt to
right there on the steel floor of his cell and poured shift responsibility for his actions, but spoke of my
out his heart to God. The men outside his cell cursed transgressionsmine iniquitymy sin.
at him, kicked the door, and threw cigarette butts on David recognized that his sin was rooted in a
him, and Walter was tempted to quit, but he prayed, sinful nature, and so in verses 5-13 he also petitioned
O God, dont let me get up until You do something God to cleanse his heart. The word translated purge in
for me! Pleading for Gods mercy, he stayed on his verse 7 is intense, meaning un-sin or purify from
knees until the answer came and peace flooded his uncleanness. Under the Law of Moses, hyssop (an
heart. herbaceous, aromatic plant with medicinal properties)
That prayer changed my whole life, he would was used in the ritual of cleansing for leprosy, and
say. Before that I had gotten out of jail almost for purification after contact with a dead body. The
every way a man could. I had been bailed out and concept of sacrificial blood is also present, as hyssop
paroled out. I had sawed out and shot my way out. was used to sprinkle the blood of the Passover lamb
But that day I prayed my way out, and I have stayed before the plague of death (see Exodus 12:22).
out. The next day was his trial, and for the first David knew that this purging would bring about
time in his life, he pleaded guilty. He also gave his not only a clean heart, but also a right spiritone
right namesomething he had not done for years. that is fixed and resolute in its allegiance to God, and
Amazingly, he was released! A few nights later, he unmoved by temptation. The word create in verse
attended a meeting at the Apostolic Faith Church. He 10 denotes bringing into being what was non-existent
told the people there that he had so many crimes to before, so David was requesting a radical inward
confess that he would likely spend the rest of his life transformation. Verse 11 is the first time the phrase
behind bars. However, God went before him. Though Holy Spirit appears in the Bible. In verses 14-19,
Walter confessed and made restitution for a life of the psalmist concluded his prayer with a promise that
crime that stretched from coast to coast, he never he would teach sinners the way of God, and offer
sacrifices of thanksgiving from a heart made right AMPLIFIED OUTLINE Hannahs Bible Outlines
with God.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
Psalm 52 II. Book II (42:172:20)
Psalm 52 is a wisdom psalm written by David III. Book III (73:189:52)
that presents a sharp contrast between the righteous IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
and the wicked. Composed in context of the events V. Book V (107:1150:6)
described in 1 Samuel 21:1 through 22:19, David
expressed his deep resentment toward Doeg the A CLOSER LOOK
Edomite, who had betrayed him to Saul. It may also 1. In Psalm 51:17, what types of sacrifices did David
have been directed toward Saul himself, as he fit say God would not despise?
Davids description of a proud, powerful tyrant.
In verses 1-4, the psalmist portrayed the man who
lives for destruction, deceit, and wickedness. The
word mischief in verse 1 comes from the Hebrew
ra, a generic term for evil. In verses 5-7, David 2. In Psalm 51:12, David asked God to restore to him
described the judgment that would fall on one who the joy of salvation. What is implied by the word
trusts in riches and wickedness rather than God. He restore?
concluded the psalm with a comparison between
himself and Doeg. David, though persecuted, was
sustained by God and kept as fresh as a green olive
tree, and for that reason he determined to praise
Gods name forever.
Psalm 53 3. Psalm 54 is a call for God to help in a time of hurt
Apart from a few details and a variation in verse and betrayal. What principles can we learn from this
5, Psalm 53 is nearly identical in content to Psalm psalm regarding how to handle a situation of that
14. This psalm, which was authored by David, may nature?
have been modified for some special occasion. It
is identified in the title as a Maschil or a teaching
psalm. The word Mahalath means suffering or
sickness, and is believed to reference a well-known
tune to which the words were sung.
This psalm deals with the character and conduct
of the atheist, labeling him a fool and a worker of
iniquity. The term fool does not mean one who is
mentally deficient, but one who is lacking in moral
judgment. Verse 5 indicates that the time will come
when circumstances will change, and those who have
denied the existence of God will be in great fear.
David concluded by expressing his heartfelt longing
for Gods salvation for His people. This psalm is CONCLUSION
referenced by Paul in Romans 3:10-12. God is unfailingly merciful and forgiving when a
Psalm 54 sinner approaches Him with a contrite and repentant
Psalm 54 is a short song of lament, and a call for heart.
God to overcome enemies. Also described in its title
NOTES
as a Maschil, it is dedicated to the chief Musician
on Neginoth, which was a stringed instrument. The
author, David, began in verses 1-3 by beseeching God
to save him in a time when he had been betrayed by
the men of Ziph (see 1 Samuel 23:19-26; 26:1-4).
There is a pause at the end of verse 3, indicated
by the word selah. Then the author shifted his
focus from his enemies to God. In verses 4-5, he
acknowledged his dependence upon God. In the final
two verses, anticipating the answer to his prayers,
David made a commitment to worship from his heart.
DAYBREAK

Psalm 55
What time I am afraid, I will trust in thee. Psalm 55 is designated as an instructional song
(Psalm 56:3) (a Maschil) to be played by the stringed instruments
(Neginoth). David wrote this psalm of lament during
One evening when my daughter was young, she
the period of time when his son, Absalom, was
went to spend the night at her cousins house. She told
attempting to take his throne. His pain was profound
me later that she had a good time until she got into
as the terrors of death closed in around him and he
bed and the lights were turned out. When the room
was surrounded by violence and treachery. He had
went dark, she became afraid. She knew to pray, so
been betrayed by a confidant and fellow-worshiper
she closed her eyes and asked God to help her not
of God (verses 12-14). This was likely Ahithophel,
to be afraid. When she opened her eyes, the room
Davids trusted counselor, who secretly advised
was still dark, but the words of our focus verse were
Absalom regarding Davids overthrow (see 2 Samuel
illuminated on the wall beside the bed: What time
15:12). The psalmist asked God to divide their
I am afraid, I will trust in thee. She had not known
tongues (verse 9) or cause confusion in his enemys
that her cousin had previously put that verse up on
counsels of war. According to 2 Samuel 17:14, God
the wall using glow-in-the-dark letters. As soon as my
sent Hushai to give opposing advice, and this became
daughter read the verse, she knew that God had heard
Absaloms undoing.
her prayer and was with her, and she was able to fall
In spite of his distressing situation, the psalmist
asleep in peace. When she came home and told me
concluded the psalm by asserting his confidence
about the incident, I too felt at peace, because I knew
in God. In verse 22, the Hebrew word translated
God would be with my daughter when I couldnt be.
burden literally means portion. David knew that his
Years later, as a college student, my daughter
portionthe events that had befallen himhad been
made plans to spend four months of her junior year in
assigned by God. Just as a well-rooted tree remains
Mexico as an exchange student. Though I knew God
stable in spite of being assaulted by the wind, David
would be with her, I had many concerns about her
had confidence that God would never suffer (or
living so far away from home. I prayed and told the
allow) the righteous to be overcome by circumstances.
Lord my apprehensions that my daughter would be
housed with people who were opposed to the Gospel Psalm 56
and that she would not have a private place to pray. I According to its superscription, Psalm 56 is the
was also worried that someone in the household might second golden psalm of David (the first is Psalm 16,
harm her, or that the house would not be secure from which has a similar content). It is titled, The silent
intruders. dove in foreign places (Jonath-elem-rechokim). This
My daughter was placed with a single woman title could refer either to a melody to which the psalm
who had converted to Christianity three years earlier. was sung or to the content of the psalm. Psalm 56 was
She was given her own bedroom and bathroom, and written when David fled from King Saul to the refuge
the house she stayed in was surrounded by a high iron of Achish, the King of Gath, only to find himself also
gate that was always kept locked. in danger there (1 Samuel 21:10-15).
Another of my concerns was that my daughter The psalm divides naturally into two parts. Verses
would get homesick. I told the Lord that I hoped some 1-7 describe the psalmists trouble. As in many of the
of the food would be familiar to her. She called me on psalms of lament, verse 1 is a plea for Gods mercy.
her first day and said that for breakfast, her host mom Davids complaint that his enemies attempted daily
had served oatmeal, fruit, and eggsexactly what to swallow me up alludes to his enemies continual
she ate at home each morning! oppression. His question in verse 7, Shall they
The Lord specifically answered each of my escape by iniquity? means Shall they get away with
concerns, because He cares about me. He watched their evil?
over my daughter, because He cares about her. Verses 8-13 convey the psalmists trust in God.
When we are afraid, our natural inclination toward In verse 8 he stated that God tellest (knows)
apprehension can be stilled as we put our trust in God. his wanderingsa word which also could be
We can find peace and security in the knowledge that translated as evidence of grief or lamentation. His
He is able and eager to help us. request for God to put thou my tears into thy bottle
was a plea for God to take note of his deep distress. 2. Why do you think God delivered David in each
David concluded this psalm with a question that is situation of danger?
actually an assertion of reliance: God had previously
given deliverance, so David knew he could continue
to depend upon Him.
Psalm 57
The word Al-taschith in the superscription of
Psalm 57 instructs to destroy not, and possibly
alludes to a melody to which the words were sung. 3. What can we do to encourage ourselves as we wait
This is another Golden Psalm (Michtam) and for an answer to prayer?
lament of David. The historical note in the title
indicates the setting was a time when David took
refuge from Saul in a cave. This may refer to the time
when David went to the cave of Adullam (1 Samuel
22:1), or when David was nearly captured by Saul at
the cave of En-gedi on the banks of the western Dead
Sea (1 Samuel 24:3-8). The psalm is divided into two
parts by a chorus that gives God the highest praise and
honor (verses 5 and 11).
In the first half of the psalm, David pleaded
for Gods protection from those who desired to
swallow me up (verse 3), a phrase that could also
be translated trample me. He compared his enemies CONCLUSION
to hungry beasts of prey, whose sharp teeth were If we turn to God when we are afraid, as
described as spears and arrows and whose tongue David did, we too will be able to testify to Gods
was a sharp sword. faithfulness.
In the second half of the psalm (which is repeated
in Psalm 108:1-5), David expressed his praise to God NOTES
in spite of continued peril. His statement in verse 6
that his enemies had prepared a net and digged a
pit was an allusion to methods used by hunters to
take game.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. In Psalm 57:7-9, what were some of the ways that
David worshiped God as he anticipated an answer to
prayer?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS who were determined to take his life. In todays focus
verses, the psalmist cried out for deliverance, urgently
Deliver me from mine enemies, O my God: defend imploring God to rescue him from peril. David knew
me from them that rise up against me. Deliver me that he was not being assailed because of sin, but
from the workers of iniquity, and save me from because his enemies had hearts full of violence. He
bloody men. (Psalm 59:1-2) was also confident that God would be his defense and
would preserve him from the assault of those who rose
John G. Paton (1824-1907) was a Scottish up against him.
missionary. In 1858, he and his young wife sailed We live in an era in which crime and violence
to Tanna, an island in the New Hebrides that was are far too common. Our world is full of trouble, and
inhabited by cannibals. Surrounded by violence and at times we may feel vulnerable. However, like John
fierce opposition to his message, Paton found in God Paton and the psalmist David, we can depend upon
the antidote to fear. He had a deep assurance that his God for protection and deliverance. We have the
life would be preserved until his work on earth was assurance of His Word that He never forsakes His own!
accomplished.
One night around 10:00 oclock, Patons faithful BACKGROUND
little dog, Clutha, jumped on him and woke him up. Psalm 58
Looking out the window, he saw that the mission Psalm 58 is classified as an imprecatory psalm
house was surrounded by cannibals, some with blazing (psalms that invoke judgment, calamity, or curses,
torches and the rest armed with various weapons. As he upon ones enemies or the enemies of God), primarily
watched, they set fire to the nearby church and the reed due to the seven-fold denunciation of unjust judges
fence which connected the church to their dwelling. found in verses 6-9. Davids bold and indignant outcry
Paton realized that in a matter of moments their house, against judicial corruption was not based upon wrong
too, would be in flames. done to him personally, but upon the fact that those
Knowing that infuriated men were poised to with governing authority were failing to administer
kill them as soon as they attempted to escape, the justice to the people or serve righteously. The psalm
missionaries knelt in prayer and committed themselves includes a call for a public demonstration of Gods
to God. Then Paton rushed outside to cut down the righteous judgment.
reed fence. Instantly he was surrounded by a company The words Al-taschith and Michtam of David
of savages who raised their clubs and screamed, Kill could be translated Destroy not and A golden
him! Kill him! psalm of David. The setting for this psalm is not
At that very moment, a roaring sound came from identified, but Bible scholars suggest that it relates
the south and a fierce wind began to blow. If the wind to some event which occurred during the time of
had come from the north, the flames from the church Absaloms rebellion.
would have quickly engulfed the mission house. While the opening verse addresses the congre-
However, the wind blew from the opposite direction. gation, the psalmist was alluding to unjust judges. The
In seconds, a torrential rain began falling. Terrified, the word congregation could also be translated silent
savages fled, shouting: This is Jehovahs rain! Truly ones, and may have initially meant gods or mighty
their God is fighting for them! ones. The sons of men mentioned in verse 1 was
The fright of the natives was short-lived. The another way of referring to human beings. David
storm abated, and early the next morning, the violent identified the evildoers as those who purported to
men returned to finish what they had begun the speak and judge righteously, while devising wicked
night before. With wild shrieks they approached the plots in their hearts and following through with wicked
mission house. God was still on the scene, though, actions.
and suddenly amid the rising crescendo of threatening In verses 6-9, David revealed the depth of his
shrieks, the missionaries heard the natives yell, Sail contempt for the judges in a series of imprecations
O! Sail O! A vessel was sailing into the harbor just against them which are presented in vivid, figurative
when all hope seemed lost! The missionaries were language. The request for God to break their teeth
soon rescued and taken to another island. (verse 6) was a plea for God to render the wicked
Like John Paton and his wife, David knew what judiciary powerless. He continued to call for the wrath
it was to suffer from the attacks of ruthless enemies of God to be poured out upon them in six further
depictions of Gods righteous intervention. The phrase the army of Edom, which occurred near the southern
before your pots can feel the thorns meant that end of the Dead Sea, ended with a decisive victory for
judgment would be poured out before the evildoers Israel, and the Edomites never recovered from their
could kindle a fire of green wood beneath their defeat.
celebratory meal. Verses 6-8 declare Gods intention toward the
The psalmist concluded with an affirmation that nations involved in the conflict. Gilead, Manasseh,
the righteous will rejoice when divine justice prevails Ephraim, and Judah, (mentioned in verse 7), are the
and the wicked judges are condemned. areas that together comprised the nation of Israel.
Moab, Edom, and Philistia (verse 8) were neighboring
Psalm 59
countries which were hostile to Gods people. The
Psalm 59 is the final psalm in a trilogy which bear
phrase Moab is my washpot refers to the custom
the same title: To the chief Musician, Al-taschitith,
of slaves washing the feet of the master, and thus
Michtam of David. Classified as a lament, it recounts
indicated demeaning humiliation. Similarly, the
Davids prayer during the incident recorded in
statement Over Edom will I cast out my shoe, related
1 Samuel 19:11-17, in which King Saul twice sent men
to being treated as a slave. The strong city of verse
to watch his house during the night so they could seize
9 was possibly a reference to the hidden stronghold of
and kill him in the morning.
Sela in Moab, known in modern Jordan as Petra.
The theme of this psalm, like many others, is a cry
The psalm ends with an assertion that alliances
for deliverance. In verse 3, the psalmist expressed his
with other nations would not ensure success, but God
confidence that his oppressors were not instruments
would bring victory to those who put their trust in Him.
of divine judgment, as he knew that he had not
transgressed against God. The refrain, God is my AMPLIFIED OUTLINE Hannahs Bible Outlines
defense (verses 9 and 17) points to Davids faitha
faith that, though tested, overcame fear. I. Book I (1:141:13)
David compared Sauls cohorts to the packs of II. Book II (42:172:20)
wild dogs who prowled about Eastern cities of that day. III. Book III (73:189:52)
The statement that they belch out with their mouth IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
(verse 7) indicated that these evil men poured forth V. Book V (107:1150:6)
words of venom. The psalmists unusual request, Slay
them not, lest my people forget (verse 11), meant
A CLOSER LOOK
that David did not want the wicked to be destroyed 1. What reassurance does Psalm 58:9-11 offer the
immediately; he seemingly feared that their quick righteous?
destruction might allow the people to forget Gods
judgment.
Expressing confidence that God would indeed
deliver, David concluded the psalm with a promise
to sing of thy powerof thy mercy in the morning
(verse 16). 2. Why should we obey the Lord even when we do not
see any short-term advantages in doing so?
Psalm 60
Psalm 60 bears the second longest superscription
of all the psalms; only that of Psalm 18 is longer. The
phrase Shushan-eduth means Lily of the Testimony
and likely refers to a familiar tune to which the psalm
was to be sung. As a Michtam or teaching psalm, 3. How can we use what the psalmist went through to
the words were intended to be preserved in Israels help us live a victorious Christian life today so we will
memory. Verses 5-12 of Psalm 60 are repeated in not have regrets about our choices?
Psalm 108:6-13.
This psalm was written during a time of war;
descriptions in 2 Samuel 8:13-14, 1 Kings 11:15-16,
and 1 Chronicles 18:12-13 provide the historical
setting. These passages reveal that David wrote this
psalm as Israel was invaded from the south by the
Edomites while he and his army were fighting in the
north against the Ammonites and Syrians. While David CONCLUSION
felt that the calamity Israel faced was the result of We can have confidence that God is able to protect
Gods displeasure with them, he expressed his desire and deliver us, no matter how troubling our immediate
to rally around Gods banner. The fierce battle with circumstances!
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS or forsake us. When we are secure in His love and
salvation, we can be assured that nothing will come
From the end of the earth will I cry unto thee, our way that He has not allowed. In Him wewillfind
when my heart is overwhelmed: lead me to the help to triumph over fear!
rock that is higher than I. (Psalm 61:2)
BACKGROUND
Throughout history, people have fought being Psalm 61
overwhelmed by fear. The ancient Greek tragedian Psalm 61 is the prayer of a banished ruler. The
Sophocles (497-405 B.C.) wrote, To him who is most probable historical setting is 2 Samuel 17:27,
in fear, everything rustles. In the 1700s, the Irish when David fled for refuge to Mahanaim from his
statesman Edmund Burke noted, No passion so rebellious son, Absalom. The psalm is identified by
effectively robs the mind of its powers of acting and commentators as either a personal lament (because
reasoning as fear. Ferdinand Foch, Commander in of its plea to God for security and assurance) or a
Chief of the Allied Armies during World War I, once royal psalm (based on the prayer for the king found
declared, None but a coward dares to boast that he in verses 6-7). The theme of Psalm 61 is trust in
has never known fear. On March 4, 1933, at the Gods strength and protection. It is divided into two
height of the Great Depression, President Franklin D. parts, which are separated by the word selah. The
Roosevelt stated, The only thing we have to fear is first section (verses 1-4) contains an opening prayer
fear itself. and an avowal of trust in God. In verses 5-8, David
Dealing with fear is one of the toughest problems expressed confidence that God had heard his vows,
humans face, partially because there are so many and concluded with an affirmation of his commitment.
types of fear. Some people struggle with a fear of
Psalm 62
death, serious illness, or injury. Others fear being
The theme for Psalm 62, a song of trust, is that
separated from people they love, or of losing control.
God is a sure refuge in times of trouble. The title
There is fear of commitment, of failure, of rejection,
indicates it was given to the Jeduthun family to
or of job loss. The list could go on and on!
perform (see 1 Chronicles 25). Psalm 39 is the first
Whatever type of fear threatens to overwhelm
psalm which identifies Jeduthun; he is also referenced
us, our success in dealing with it depends upon
in the superscriptions to Psalms 77 and 89. (In Psalm
the approach we take. Throughout the Bible, God
89 he is identified as Ethan the Ezrahite; his name
frequently told people, Fear not. In fact, that
was changed from Heman after the appointments at
command (or similar phrases such as do not be
Gibeon which are described in 1 Chronicles 16).
afraid) occurs more than one hundred times in
While verse 4 indicates that Psalm 62 was
Scripture! God never commands us to do something
written during a period when David was threatened
we are incapable of doing. He either equips us to
by enemies who used lies and deception, no specific
follow through in obedience, or steps in to help us
setting is given. The phrase translated imagine
accomplish His directive.
mischief (verse 3) literally means to rush upon as
So, how do we go about overcoming fear?
in an attack or assault. In verse 4, the verb curse
We find the answer in todays focus verse. When
may have a demonic or magical connotation, implying
the psalmists life was in danger and his heart was
a hex or spell. Yet the last verses of the psalm indicate
overwhelmed, he turned to the rock that is higher
that David knew God could defend against all of
than Ithe living God himself. Like David,
these.
we can deal with fear by acknowledging that it is
too strong for us to handle on our own. We must Psalm 63
turn our concerns and apprehensions over to God, David wrote Psalm 63 while in the wilderness
remembering that He is all-powerful, all-knowing, of Judah. A hymn-type poem, it is entirely addressed
and always in control. Not only that, He knows the to God rather than being about Him. The psalmist
future, and He wants what is best for us. began by describing his longing for God, expressed
Fear-inducing circumstances will come to each of his determination to worship Him, pondered Gods
us at some point in life. We may feel vulnerable and care, and concluded with an expression of confidence
overwhelmed, but we must remember that God is our in Gods eventual victory. The theme is Davids
lifelong Protector. He has promised never to abandon sure knowledge that God had been his help and
protectionan assurance that brought deep spiritual 2. Why do you think the psalmist used the word
satisfaction. Historical records indicate that early thirst in Psalm 63 to describe his longing for God?
church leaders decreed no day should pass without the
public singing of this psalm.
Psalm 64
The theme of Psalm 64 is divine judgment of the
wicked. It is a personal lament against the psalmists
enemies, whose primary form of opposition was
malicious slander. There are two possibilities as to
setting: Doegs criticism of David which is described 3. When trouble comes, what are some steps we can
in 1 Samuel 22, or Ahithophels evil counsel, as take to make sure our faith and trust is anchored in
related in 2 Samuel chapters 15-17. God?
This psalm follows the typical pattern of a song
of lament. It opens with a complaint or cry to God,
describes the workers of iniquity who were aligned
against the psalmist and the methods they employed,
reflects upon the response of the righteous, and closes
with a confident prediction of Gods avenging.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48) When we face circumstances which could cause
V. Book V (107:1150:6) fear, we can follow the example of David and place
our trust in God.
A CLOSER LOOK
NOTES
1. In Psalm 61:3-4, what are three ways David
described God which alluded to His protection?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS accompaniment. Addressed to the chief Musician, this

psalm was probably sung during harvest time.
Come and hear, all ye that fear God, and I will The theme of Psalm 65 is gratitude to God. In the
declare what he hath done for my soul. first section (verses 1-4), David highlighted the public
(Psalm 66:16) worship of God in Sion (a variant spelling of Zion)
and in His holy temple. David pointed ahead to the
When I was young, my family went to a church provision of atonement in his statement that thou
where I learned about Jesus and became familiar shalt purge them [our transgressions] away (verse 3).
with simple Bible stories. However, in high school I In the next section, David spoke of Gods awesome
stopped attending church, not seeing any particular deeds in nature and in all the nations (verses 5-8). In
value in religion. For quite a number of years I had the last portion of the psalm (verses 9-13), David told
nothing to do with God. of Gods provision for a bountiful harvest.
In my thirties, I was invited to an Apostolic
Faith Church service. Thankfully, I didnt brush the Psalm 66
invitation aside, because during that service I heard Psalm 66 issues a call for all to worship God for
people stand up and share what God had done in His deliverance at the time of the exodus from Egypt,
their lives. I had never heard a testimony before, and for His more recent provisions. Like Psalm 65, it
and the fact that people could have a real connection is addressed to the chief Musician and is designated as
with God impressed me. I remember thinking, There both a psalm and a song, but in this case no author is
is an aspect of religion I had no idea existed! The named.
testimonies caused me to want to find out more. This psalm of thanksgiving has two clear sections;
Although I didnt immediately comprehend the division is indicated at verse 13 by a change of
salvation, in time God saved me. Then I truly pronoun from the plural to the singular. This suggests
understood what those who testified were talking that the first section was a national liturgy (relating to
about. Looking back at my childhood church public or corporate worship), while the second section
attendance, it became clear that while I had obtained reflected the authors personal devotion to God.
some knowledge about God in my early years, I had The statement in verse 4, All the earth shall
never experienced a real connection with God. A worship thee, is a prophetical allusion to Gods
change in ones heart is critical, and salvation makes final triumph over His enemies and the uniting of
that change. all people in worship of Him. The word nations in
The personal accounts I heard given in that verse 7 is a translation of the Hebrew word goyim,
first service, as well as in the many services I have and refers to the Gentiles.
attended since, exemplify the message of todays In the second section of the psalm (verses 13-20),
focus verse. Testimonies are declarations of what God the specific offerings named in verse 15 were all
has done for us personally. There is great potential in acceptable peace offeringsa type of sacrifice that
these declarations! Our words can draw others toward denoted thanksgiving and love for God (see Leviticus
God and encourage fellow believers. 3:1-17). The authors public testimony of what he
As Christians, we are instructed to witness to hath done for my soul (verse 16) is summarized in
others. As we do our best to faithfully communicate his closing praise for answered prayer.
what God has done in our hearts and lives, God will
bless us for our obedience. And who knows, our
words may be the tool that God uses to draw another I. Book I (1:141:13)
soul to Himself! II. Book II (42:172:20)
BACKGROUND IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
Psalm 65 V. Book V (107:1150:6)
Psalm 65 is a composition of David expressing
worship and adoration. The superscription indicates A CLOSER LOOK
that it was both a psalm (in Hebrew, a mizmor) 1. What descriptive phrase did David use regarding
and a song (shir); while the words are similar in God in the opening verses of Psalm 65? Why do you
meaning, the word mizmor likely indicates a musical think this aspect of God was significant to David?
CONCLUSION
God deserves our appreciation for what He has
done and continues to do in our lives. Sharing our
testimonies is one way we can give praise and honor
2. The word blessed could also be translated to Him.
happy. Given that definition, what does Psalm 65:4
indicate about the way to obtain happiness? NOTES
3. Psalm 66:18 conveys a great spiritual truth that

is repeated at various places in Scripture. What are
some steps we can take to apply this warning to our
personal lives?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS Together, Brother Hughes and Brother van der

Puije contacted many in a several-hundred-mile
God be merciful unto us, and bless us; and cause radius who had previously corresponded with our
his face to shine upon us; Selah. That thy way may headquarters church. One of those visited was
be known upon earth, thy saving health among all Timothy Oshokoya, who lived in Lagos, Nigeria.
nations. (Psalm 67:1-2) Brother Oshokoya had received Apostolic Faith
literature some years earlier and found in those tracts
One of the great precepts of Scripture is that all and papers the answer to the longings of his heart for
peoples of the world must be told of the true and holiness and the baptism of the Holy Spirit. He began
living God. As suggested by our focus verses, when to distribute our literature and soon established a place
God blesses us and causes His face to shine upon of worship.
us, a desire to share the good news springs up in Brother Oshokoya visited the Portland camp
our hearts. Through the outreach efforts of those meeting in 1951 and 1956. Upon returning home
who have experienced Gods personal touch in their after his second trip, the vision of Africa for Christ
lives, souls are reached one by one and Gods saving began to grow in his heart, and the work in Nigeria
health (also translated salvation) is declared among expanded. Soon, a printing plant was built, and
the nations. construction begun on a tabernacle.
The expansion of the Apostolic Faith work in In our focus verses, the psalmist looked across
Africa is a great example of this. Around 1915, a the years and envisioned the Gospel going throughout
missionary named Frank Hein received Gospel tracts the world. Frank Hein, Peter van der Puije, George
from the church headquarters while living in Nigeria. Hughes, and Timothy Oshokoya did their parts. As
Upon returning to America, he came to visit the a result of their efforts, and the efforts of those who
people who published those tracts. He loved what followed them, today there are many hundreds of
he found, and God called him to stay and work with Apostolic Faith churches in that part of Africa.
us. He translated our literature into the language of Has God caused His face to shine upon you? Has
northern Nigeria, and many thousands of tracts were He forgiven your sins and blessed you with salvation?
sent to that region of Africa. If so, you have a privilege and a responsibility to
A single tract fell into the hands of a Christian reach out to others.
man named Peter van der Puije in Gold Coast (now
Ghana), and he wrote to the Portland headquarters. BACKGROUND
As a result of Gospel literature sent him, he sought Psalm 67
and received sanctification and the baptism of the Psalm 67, meant to be played on neginoth or the
Holy Ghost, and began establishing Apostolic stringed instruments, was written by an unknown
Faith churches in his area. In 1948, he attended the author, and is an elaboration of a blessing recorded in
Portland camp meeting and presented the needs of his Numbers 6:22-27. The original blessing was dictated
people, pleading for someone to come and help them by God to be pronounced by the priests over the
understand Gods ways more perfectly. Israelites signifying that they belonged to Him. It
George Hughes heard Brother van der Puijes contains three lines invoking the following blessings:
impassioned plea, and during that 1948 camp meeting that God would bless and keep the Israelites, that He
he noted in his diary, Volunteered for service in would grant favor and grace to them, and that He
Africaor anywhere in the world. God saw the would acknowledge them and give them peace. Some
desire of Brother Hughes heart to tell others, and scholars suggest this psalm was a harvest prayer that
opened the door for him to make a seven-month trip was presented at a major feast.
to Africa later that same year. Holding meetings in This psalm is separated into three parts by a
mud-walled huts, thatch-roofed churches, in a village simple chorus (verses 3, 5) of let all the people [of
chiefs home, or wherever an opportunity arose, the earth] praise thee. The first section, verses 1-2,
Brother Hughes shared the Gospel story, and souls asks that God be merciful, bless, and grant favor to
were saved. He wrote home, Oh, that we had a Israel, so that the surrounding nations would see His
thousand lives, each one of us, that we could lay them goodness and come to know His saving health (or
at the Lords feet to serve Him where the need is the salvation). The second part (verse 4) looks to the
greatest! future, calling on all the nations of the earth to be
glad that when they submit to God, He will rule them In verses 30-35, David foretold that when God
fairly, bringing them spiritual and political peace. The establishes His reign at Jerusalem, all nations will
final portion of the psalm, verses 6-7, summarizes bring gifts and pay tribute. These will include Egypt
that the whole world will come to know God through (the spearmen or crocodiles), Assyria (the bulls
Israel, so the land and people will be blessed and will among the weaker calves), and Ethiopia. David
prosper. concluded by calling on all nations to praise God.
Psalm 68 AMPLIFIED OUTLINE Hannahs Bible Outlines
Psalm 68 was written by David as a song, likely
to be sung in the processional which accompanied I. Book I (1:141:13)
the Ark of the Covenant back to Jerusalem from the II. Book II (42:172:20)
house of Obed-edom (2 Samuel 6:12). Throughout III. Book III (73:189:52)
the psalm, David interspersed descriptions of a IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
procession approaching Jerusalem with bursts of V. Book V (107:1150:6)
praise, reflections on Israels past, and references to A CLOSER LOOK
future events.
David began the psalm by recalling the words 1. According to Psalm 68:5-6, who can count on God
Moses spoke in the wilderness the first time the for help?
Ark was taken up by the priests and followed by the
Israelites (Numbers 10:35). In verses 4-6, he erupted
in praise for Jehovah (JAH), who is above all (He
rideth upon the heavens). Then, quoting from the
victory song of Deborah recorded in Judges 5:4-5,
David reflected in the next four verses on how God
brought them on their journey through the wilderness,
His appearing to them at Mt. Sinai, and His abundant 2. In Psalm 68:11-12, those who stayed behind during
provision for their needs. battle shared in the spoils. In what ways might this be
When they entered the Promised Land, God gave paralleled in the work of the Lord today?
a battle cry, and women (the word company in verse
11 is feminine) such as Deborah, declared it. Thus,
when the kings of Canaan fled, the women shared in
the spoils. The spoils were so great that those who
stayed behind in the kitchen (among the pots in
verse 13) were arrayed like doves with wings of silver
and feathers of gold. The land, too, glistened (either
was clean or covered in jewels) like the snow on Mt.
Salmon, which was a hill near Shechem according to 3. How did you hear the Gospel? What are some ways
Judges 9:48. you can spread the Good News to those around you?
In verses 15-17, David pictured the processional
approaching the hill of Jerusalem. Bashan was
the mountainous area northeast of Galilee, which
includes Mount Hermon. The psalmist paralleled the
Arks ascent with Jesus ascension into Heaven after
conquering death and captivity (or sin). According
to verses 24-29, as the Ark moved toward the city it
was surrounded by singers, musicians, and timbrel
(tambourine) players. Representatives of the twelve CONCLUSION
tribes of Israel followed the Ark, with Benjamin going As recipients of Gods abundant mercy, we have a
first as the tribe of Saul, Israels first king. Judah went responsibility to make known His salvation among all
second as the tribe of Israels second king (David) and the nations of the world.
the future Messiah. Zebulun and Naphtali were last, as
the tribes located furthest from the Tabernacle. NOTES
In Psalm 68:19, the phrase daily loadeth us with
benefits literally means day by day He bears us
up or day by day He carries us. A New Testament
parallel denoting Gods sustaining power is found in
1 Peter 5:7, Casting all your care upon him; for he
careth for you.
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS out to God. He stands ready to come to our assistance,

just as He did for David.
Make haste, O God, to deliver me; make haste to
help me, O Lord. (Psalm 70:1) BACKGROUND
Psalms 69 and 70 were compiled for tabernacle
In the United States, 911 is the number to call in
worship, and were part of Book II, the subdivided
case of emergency. Doing so connects the caller to
portion of the Book of Psalms often referred to as the
an emergency-response system designed to quickly
Exodus Book.
dispatch police, fire, or medical assistance to the scene.
The system of providing an easy-to-remember, Psalm 69
national number for emergencies was implemented Traditionally ascribed to David, the authorship
in 1967 when Congress legislated 911 as the national of Psalm 69 is verified in Romans 11:9-10, where the
emergency number. The first-ever 911 call was placed Apostle Paul quoted verses 22 and 23 and indicated
at 2 p.m., on Friday, February 16, 1968 by Alabama they were spoken by David. Psalm 69 is a cry of
Speaker of the House,Rankin Fite,from the Haleyville distress which describes the psalmists unmerited
City Hall to U.S. RepresentativeTom Bevillat the suffering at the hand of his enemies. While Davids
citys police station. agony of spirit was personal, his words also had
Since that day, much publicity and training has Messianic implications. There are several New
been invested in an effort to ensure that people nation- Testament allusions to the psalm (compare verse 4
wide know how to summon help when emergencies with John 15:25, and verse 25 with Matthew 23:38).
occur. Even very young children are taught this With the exception of Psalm 22, Psalm 69 is the psalm
easy, three-digit number. Adults are reminded in most often quoted in the New Testament.
management seminars, emergency training sessions, Like Psalm 45, this psalm is dedicated to the
and various other venues that calling 911 should be chief Musician. The phrase upon Shoshannim
an immediate step in any crisis situation. In fact, the either indicates that the song was to be sung to the
system has been so effective that a call to any other tune of a song titled Lilies or played on a lily-shaped
number in search of emergency assistance is likely to instrument. There is no clear internal indicator of the
be fruitless or frustrating at best, and at worst, could precise time frame in which the psalm was written;
result in loss of life. several periods in Davids life could correspond with
As effective as the 911 system has been, our focus the sentiments expressed.
verse describes a far more immediate and effective In this plaintive song, David pleaded for divine
way to summon help from a capable Source when deliverance from the hands of his enemies, using the
an emergency arises. God is not only instantly metaphor of rising waters in the first two verses to
available when we cry out to Him, but He is infinitely portray his desperate sense of peril. In verses 5-6,
powerfulmore than able to offer help and David made it clear that his concern was not only
deliverance, no matter what we are facing. personal, but also for those who might have been
David, the author of this psalm, was a man who impacted by his foolishness or lack of wisdom.
had experienced many crises in his lifetime. He knew His statement in verse 10 that when he wept and
what it was to face desperate circumstances, to live in chastened his soul with fasting that was to my
mortal danger, and to feel overwhelmed by fear. Many reproach indicates his adversaries had jeered at
times he cried out to his divine emergency-response him for his sorrow and for donning sackcloth, the
Provider, and never once did God fail to answer traditional symbol of deep mourning. David again
him. When he wrote this psalm, he was oppressed employed the metaphor of water in verses 14-15 to
by enemies who apparently were assailing him with describe his sense of being overcome by those who
cruel persecution and mockery. Fearing that he might hated him.
be overwhelmed by their attacks, he cried out once In verses 21-28, one of the strongest imprecatory
again for God to deliver him. It is notable that he never passages in the Word of God, David pleaded for the
questioned Gods ability to intervene. His primary plea justice of divine punishment upon his adversaries.
was that God would make haste. While verse 21 may have inferred that oppression had
Whether the challenges we face are physical, rendered Davids food and drink unpalatable, it was
emotional, or spiritual, we need never hesitate to call also a Messianic reference to Jesus, alluding to the
vinegar mixed with gall that was offered to Christ as 2. According to Psalm 69:8, who rejected and
He hung on the Cross (Matthew 27:34). persecuted David? Why would the rejection of these
Starting with verse 29, the psalmists tone individuals be so hurtful?
moderated and he began to incorporate thankfulness
and praise into his song. The final three verses are
a doxology of praise and confidence in God. Most
scholars deem verses 35-36 as a reference to the
expansion of Jerusalem and Israel during the future
Millennial Kingdom, culminating in the finality of
Gods blessings and prosperity on His chosen people,
the Jews.
3. What actions did David take in these psalms that we
Psalm 70 could also take when facing times of crisis?
Psalm 70 was also ascribed to David and was a
replication of the last five verses of Psalm 40, with
slight variations. The superscription to bring to
remembrance may have alluded to a memorial of
some specific event. Commentators agree that Psalm
40 was likely the original work, and that the verses in
this psalm were separated out for liturgical usage in
the Temple worship. The tone of this psalm conveys
desperate urgency, as David pleaded for speedy
deliverance and retribution against his enemies.

II. Book II (42:172:20)
A child of God can rest in the knowledge that
the personal and sovereign God is near and will
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
unfailingly respond to his prayer.
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
NOTES
A CLOSER LOOK
1. In Psalm 69:1-3, what are some of the descriptive
words and phrases David used to indicate his distress?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS received considerably more than it would have if we

had disposed of her belongings in the normal way.
Cast me not off in the time of old age; forsake me In the years since Aunt Ruth passed away, my
not when my strength faileth. (Psalm 71:9) cousins and I have often reminisced about how
beautifully God took care of the details of her
We are blessed in our church family to have situation in the closing months of her earthly life.
many elderly folks who daily are proving Gods We had firsthand proof of the fact that God is good,
nearness and provision in the time of old age. As and ever mindful of the needs and circumstances
I considered the words of our focus verse, my mind surrounding His children. When physical strength
went to my aunt, Ruth Ashwell. wanes, He is there to support. When needs arise,
Auntie was saved when she was a girl of just He provides. When problems arise, He always has a
seventeen years. At the age of twenty-three, God solution.
called her to full-time service for Him, and she What a wonderful blessing when those who are
began working at the Apostolic Faith headquarters well advanced in years can look back upon their past
office. In 1953, after the death of her cousin, George with an assurance that they have served God to the
Hughes, she was asked to assume the responsibility best of their ability and that, in spite of the challenges
of directing the Africa correspondence department, of aging, God has been with them each step of the
and faithfully labored in that position for more than way! If we hold fast to our purpose to serve Him,
forty years. Although she had no birth children, she some day that can be our testimony as well.
was a spiritual mother to many in Africa, where her
loving and encouraging letters played a vital role in BACKGROUND
the growth of the Apostolic Faith work there.
These two psalms conclude Book II of Psalms,
Since Aunties husband, Lloyd, predeceased her,
often referred to as the Exodus Book.
her nieces and nephews watched out for her as her
physical health and mental acuity began to decline. Psalm 71
God opened a way for Auntie to be able to stay in No inscription or author for Psalm 71 is
her own home. When her condition necessitated recorded, but this psalm clearly expresses the
live-in help, we were able to find a lovely lady recollections and prayers of an aged man who had
who moved into a vacant bedroom there and gently experienced Gods sustaining help in years gone by,
cared for Aunt Ruths personal needs, made sure and who was entreating God for continuing help
she had nourishing meals, and generally watched in the twilight of life. This psalm is classified as an
over her. When Auntie broke her hip, surgery and individual lament.
rehabilitation in a care facility was necessary. While In the first section of the psalm, verses 1-8, the
she was there, a fire destroyed her homebut she psalmist combined a cry to God with an affirmation
was safe and sound! Her caregiver was able to exit of trust and a recollection of how God had been a
the house when the fire was discovered, but it would strong refuge in all of his life. The Hebrew word
have been a challenge to get Auntie out had she been translated confusion in verse 1 has a literal meaning
there. Aunt Ruths physical condition deteriorated of pale, and implies shame, disappointment, or
quickly as a result of her fall, and we never had to tell delay. The word wonder in verse 7 indicates
her that her home of many years had been consumed a supernatural display of divine power that may
by a fire. She went home to Heaven before that was inspire terror or worship, and is often associated
necessary. with signs that reveal Gods purposes. The author
Just a few short months before the fire, one acknowledged the perils of advancing years (verses
nephew had felt led to encourage my aunt to update 9-16), and related that his enemies claimed his failing
her homeowners insuranceso the house and its physical strength proved God had forsaken him. He
contents were fully covered. We simply made a list of prayed that God would let them be confounded [be
contents as best we could remember. The insurance ashamed when God refuted their suppositions] and
company even sent people to look through the rubble consumed [destroyed]. He concluded by expressing
after the fire to try to inventory the items lost. Auntie his confidence in the One who has taught him from
had left her estate to the church, and we knew she his youth and was now the hope of his old age
would be thrilled that, because of the fire, the church (verses 17-24).
Psalm 72 2. Since the author of Psalm 71 had trusted God from
Psalm 72 is traditionally ascribed to Solomon, his youth, why do you think he cried unto God to be
though not all scholars concur on its authorship. near him and make haste to help him?
Some believe that David may have uttered this
psalm on his deathbed as a prayer for Solomons
reign. While it is set in the context of ceremonies
surrounding a monarchy, and summarizes an ideal
kingship, no earthly human could have realized
all its aspirations. This substantiates a prophetic
interpretation of the psalm, and coincides with the
perspective that its implications are Messianic.
In the opening call for God to give the king thy
judgments, the word translated judgments means 3. Why is it so important to maintain our purpose
statutes or ordinances, and refers to the Torah to show thy strength unto this generation, and thy
or law which the King (Jesus) was to uphold. The power to every one that is to come (Psalm 71:18)?
description of the extent of the Kings dominion is What are some ways we can do that?
given in verses 7-11. The Kings redemptive power is
described in verses 12-14 and the honor that will be
given Him in verses 15-17.
Amen, and Amen (verse 19) could be
translated as a heartfelt declaration of So be it!
Many believe that verse 20 indicates that this was
Davids final psalm, and that later psalms attributed
to him were written at an earlier time. Since each of
the books within the Book of Psalms closes with a
doxology, others view these verses as a doxology (a
short, concluding hymn of praise) for Book II.

CONCLUSION
I. Book I (1:141:13) Advancing years may curtail our ability to take
II. Book II (42:172:20) as active a role in Gods service as we once did.
III. Book III (73:189:52) However, reflecting upon Gods provision in the past
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48) will encourage us to keep trusting that He will be
V. Book V (107:1150:6) with us each step of our journey on earth.
A CLOSER LOOK NOTES
1. What word picture did the psalmist use in Psalm
71:3 to portray the fact that God is a secure place of
refuge?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS Graham both regained their spiritual balance and were
firmly grounded in the faith.
But it is good for me to draw near to God: I have The devil would like to create doubt in the minds
put my trust in the Lord God, that I may declare of every child of God. If he can insert a question here
all thy works. (Psalm 73:28) and there, he knows he has gained a foothold. His
goal is to eventually flood our souls with confusion
In the summer of 1949, Reverend Billy Graham and uncertainty, and overwhelm us. Let us purpose
had a well-loved and respected preaching partner who to guard against every attempt by the enemy of our
started doubting the authority of the Scriptures. This souls! When he assails, we must do what Asaph and
man told Reverend Graham that the evangelist was Billy Graham did: draw near to God and ask for His
fifty years out-of-date, and that informed scholars no divine help to overcome, that we may confidently
longer accepted the Bible as being inspired by God. declare all His works to those around us.
As a result, Reverend Graham began wondering
if the Bible really could be trusted completely. He BACKGROUND
searched the Scriptures and pondered the attitude of
These two psalms begin Book III (the Leviticus
Christ regarding them, realizing that never once did
Book), which is comprised of seventeen psalms.
Christ indicate doubt as to their veracity in any way.
The titles of each of the psalms in Book III include
Still, the questions lingered. At last Reverend Graham
personal names; eleven of them are accredited or
concluded that he had to know if he could trust the
dedicated to Asaph, who authored the two psalms in
Bible or he could not go on preaching.
todays text. Asaph was a priest from the tribe of Levi
One evening he took a walk in the moonlight near
who served in Jerusalem as the chief worship leader
the San Bernardo Mountains. Coming to a private
during Davids reign, through the reign of Solomon,
woodsy area, he dropped to his knees with his Bible
and into the reign of Rehoboam. He probably
open in front of him. There, at his makeshift altar,
composed much of the music for Davids psalms.
he poured out all his frustrations and doubts to God.
Ezra identifies him as the ancestor of the Temple
As he prayed, the Holy Spirit came and emphatically
singers (Ezra 2:41).
witnessed to his spirit that the Bible can be wholly
trusted and is indeed the inspired Word of God. With Psalm 73
tears flowing, he sensed the presence of God like he Psalm 73 expresses Asaphs spiritual struggle
had not felt in a long time. When he got up from his when he observed how the wicked prospered, and
knees, he knew the spiritual battle in his soul had been concludes with his changed viewpoint after receiving
fought and won. a divine perspective. Its theme is similar to that of
Reverend Grahams former preaching partner Psalms 37 and 49. Psalm 73 is identified as a wisdom
went on to take many classes in theology. After a long psalm, comparable to the wisdom literature in the
struggle with doubt, he eventually declared himself Books of Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and Job.
an agnosticand his spiritual failure caused many to Asaph began by acknowledging that he found
stumble and fall spiritually. Near the end of his life he his spiritual footing threatened. Verses 4-9 record
stated that there was no way to be sure about the fact his troubling observation: that the wicked were
that God exists. In contrast, Billy Graham went on to well-nourished and strong, their deaths seemingly
preach the inspired Word of God around the world. painless, and they experienced fewer troubles and
In the years since then, his preaching has reached afflictions. They wore their pride like a chain around
millions and undoubtedly many have made Heaven as the neck, and their acts of violence encompassed them
a result of his ministry. like a garment. Their speech was lofty and corrupt,
Asaph, the author of our focus verse, also had including threats of oppression against the inhabitants
a struggle believing Gods promises when he saw of Heaven and earth.
the wicked prospering and Gods people suffering. Based on what he had seen, Asaph wondered if
He began to wonder if he had wasted his time in his he had cleansed his heart in vain (verse 13)if his
attempts to keep a pure heart before God. However, efforts to live upright and holy had been futile, since
before giving up on his faith he decided to spend time he was continually plagued by trials and afflictions.
in the sanctuary with God, just as Reverend Graham Seemingly his inward conflict had become almost
did at his altar in the woods. Asaph and Reverend unbearable. However, his perspective changed after he
entered the sanctuary and comprehended that Gods AMPLIFIED OUTLINE Hannahs Bible Outlines
judgment was just. The Hebrew meaning for the word

I. Book I (1:141:13)
awakest in verse 20 denoted Gods beginning to
II. Book II (42:172:20)
act, and inferred that the prosperity of the wicked
would only be a lingering dream when God initiated
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
judgment against them. In verses 21-22, Asaphs
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
enlightenment brought immediate and humble
confession of his lack of faith. He expressed a A CLOSER LOOK
renewed determination to place His trust in God,
1. According to Psalm 73:2-5, what caused Asaph to
ensuring a place in glory at the end of his life. The
say that his steps had well nigh slipped?
psalm closes with Aspahs conclusion that drawing
close to God was spiritually beneficial, and would
result in him declaring Gods mighty works.
Psalm 74
Psalm 74 is a lament for the destruction of
Jerusalem and the Temple, and is reminiscent of 2. In Psalm 74, why did the psalmist expound on
Jeremiahs Lamentations. This psalm was one of Gods previous deliverances of Israel?
thirteen Maschil songs, which means causing to
understand. The superscription in Psalm 74 does
not cite the historical setting, and commentators
differ on when the stated events occurred. Some
suggest that if it was authored by the Asaph who
was a contemporary of David, it could be prophetic
in nature. (This is not improbable, since Asaph was 3. As Christians today, in what ways do we face some
also a seer or prophet.) Others believe it may have of the same problems that Asaph faced? What can we
been written by an Asaph from a later time period. learn from Asaphs prayers in these two psalms?
Whatever the time frame, the fact that these words
were uttered as a prayer to God indicates a deep faith
in the face of terrible adversity.
Verse 7 declares that the Temple had been set on
fire and the place where Gods name was glorified had
been brought low. Many scholars believe this may
have been a reference to the destruction of the first
Temple by Nebuchadnezzars army in 586 B.C. The
word translated synagogues in verse 8 was the same
Hebrew word used for congregations in verse 4, and
may have signified the various places where people
worshiped throughout the land.
The garments of that time had folds instead of CONCLUSION
sleeves, making it possible to conceal the hands When we seek the Lord in times of doubt or
within the folds. In verse 11, the psalmist implied troubling circumstances and draw near to Him in
that God had concealed His right hand and needed to prayer, our faith is strengthened and we are enabled to
pluck it out on Israels behalf. hold on.
The dividing of the sea (verse 13) was a
reference to the Red Sea, while the dragons in the NOTES
waters and leviathan were symbolic of Egypt.
The fountain and the flood may have referenced
the flow of water that God provided from the rocks at
Horeb and Kadesh. Thou driedst up mighty rivers
alluded to the parting of the Jordan River when the
Israelites marched into the Promised Land. The word
turtledove in verse 19 was a term of endearment,
and the psalmist beseeched God not to deliver His
beloved people into the hands of a savage enemy.
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS Do you have concerns today that are burdening

your heart? Are you facing perplexing situations for
And I said, This is my infirmity: but I will which you see no solution? Review the good things
remember the years of the right hand of the most God has done for you, and meditate on how He has
High. I will remember the works of the Lord: come to your aid in times past. Thank Him for His
surely I will remember thy wonders of old. I will awareness of your needs, and for being a God who
meditate also of all thy work, and talk of thy hears and answers prayer. Verbalize to others your
doings. (Psalm 77:10-12) trust in God and appreciation for His help. You will
find strength for the journey, peace for your fears,
For many years it has been my privilege to and renewed confidence that God is on the scene and
watch my now ninety-year-old aunt model the walking with you through the situations you face.
words of todays focus verses. For example, some
months ago when health problems made it clear that BACKGROUND
she needed 24/7 help, we persuaded her to move
Psalm 75
temporarily to an adult foster care home. Then the
Asaph was the author of Psalm 75. The Hebrew
doctor broke the news that she needed to stay in such
word Al-taschith in the psalms superscription literally
a facility permanently. Her face fell, and she looked
means destroy not. It may refer to a particular
so distressed for a moment that my heart ached. Yet
tune or chant. Bible scholars identify the form of the
after a brief interval, she said, Well, I have a lot to
psalm as a hymn of praise which includes prophetical
be thankful for, and began reciting blessings and
allusions.
remembering the works of the Lord in her past.
In verses 4-7, fools means those who boast, the
My aunt regularly approaches disappointments
horn is indicative of strength, while a stiff neck
in this way. She acknowledges that she misses the
denotes arrogance. The inference is that the wicked
independence of driving, but always adds that she has
should not brag about their accomplishments or
so much to be thankful for. She was sad to leave her
arrogantly use their might to intimidate because it is
apartment where she could look out the window at the
God who determines who is exalted or put down.
Portland church campground, but she has so much to
The psalm closes with a focus on divine
be thankful for. And the list goes on.
retribution, bringing out that those who maintain
This pattern is one my aunt has practiced for
their sinful ways will face a time of accounting. In
many years, and I suspect she may have begun
verse 8, the red wine signifies Gods wrath, and
thinking this way when she was quite young. The
full of mixture indicates its intoxicating strength.
challenges of aging are not her first bumps in life.
The dregs represent the most potent portion of
Over thirty years ago, she needed neck surgery,
Gods judgment, and are reserved for the wicked. In
and it left her unable to use the index finger of her
contrast, the righteous will declare Gods goodness
left hand. That meant no more viola playing in the
and will be exalted.
church orchestra, which made her sad, but she was
thankful to still be able to type at the church office in Psalm 76
spite of the stiff finger. Her husband had Parkinsons The word Neginoth in the superscription of
disease and suffered a lengthy physical decline, yet this psalm means stringed instruments. Although
she expresses gratitude for the fact she was able to no historical setting is identified for this hymn of
help him until he passed away. My aunt has chosen to celebration, it commemorates a mighty deliverance
dwell upon what God has done in all situations, and in Salem (a reference to Jerusalem). It may have been
the result has been a life of contentment. associated with Judahs victory over Sennacherib,
In Psalm 77, part of todays text, Asaph cried the Assyrian, described in 2 Kings 19. This would
out to God in a hard time when he felt overwhelmed. have placed the origin after Israels division into
However, as he expressed his requests to God, his two kingdoms, with verse 1 indicating that God was
focus changed from his problems to gratitude for especially known in Judah, but His Name was great
Gods miracles and previous works. Memories of throughout all of Israel.
divine goodness sustained him and reminded the In verses 2-3, the word translated tabernacle
psalmist that God was not only able to help, but also means pavilion or dwelling place, affirming
was completely trustworthy. that it was Gods presence in Jerusalem and Mount
Zion which caused the enemy to be defeated.
Commentators offer varying interpretations of verse 4.
The mountains of prey may be a reference to the
mountains surrounding the city, which offered a haven
of hiding places for the enemy. Alternatively, it may 2. Though we know God is merciful and loving to
be a metaphorical reference to the invading armies, those who trust in Him, Psalm 76 speaks of God being
who were comparable to mountains in greatness, but angry. Why is it so important to recognize this aspect
less glorious and excellent than the God of Israel. of Gods nature as well as His mercy and kindness?
After a description of the defeat of the foe and the
awesomeness of Gods wrath upon the wicked, the
psalm concludes with the psalmist exhorting Israel to
fulfill their vows to God, and the surrounding nations
to bring gifts to the One who should be respected and
feared.
Psalm 77
Psalm 77 is dedicated to Jeduthun, one of the
chief musicians who served under David. (He is also 3. After Asaph voiced a series of questions in
named in the titles of Psalm 39 and 62, and in Psalm Psalm 77:7-9 that reflected his discouraged and
88, where he is identified as Heman the Ezrahite; his overwhelmed state, what steps did he take to move
name was changed after the appointments at Gibeon from distress to faith? What can we learn from his
which are described in 1 Chronicles 16.) Although actions that will help us when we face overwhelming
this was a personal lament, it may also express the circumstances?
sentiments of the nation of Israel.
The phrase my sore ran in the night in verse 2
could be rendered as my hand was stretched out
in the night, indicating that although the psalmist
continually prayed, it did not bring the comfort he
desired. In verses 7-9, he posed six heart-rending
questions regarding whether Gods favor and mercy
would ever be extended on his behalf. Commentators
interpret verse 10 in various ways, but many feel it
meant that in the midst of personal trial, the author
was determined to meditate on Gods previous
deliverances. Then the author proclaimed a series
of commitments to God, indicated by the repeated CONCLUSION
phrase, I will
In recollecting the past faithfulness of God, the Looking back to Gods blessings and deliverances
psalmist found assurance for the future. He concluded in the past will help us stand strong in the midst of the
his lament with the realization that the Good Shepherd problems and adversities we face today.
who successfully led His flock by the hand of Moses
and Aaron would also be his Shepherd in his time of
NOTES
trial.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. In Psalm 75, where does the psalmist say promotion
does not come from? Who, then, sets down one and
puts up another?
DAYBREAK
Psalm 78:1-72
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS grandchildren will learn about Gods plan of salvation

and the blessings that come with obeying His
For he [God] established a testimony in commandments. Patricks essay is clear proof of that!
Jacob, and appointed a law in Israel, which he Children learn a great deal from the example
commanded our fathers, that they should make their parents set before them, in both word and deed.
them known to their children: that the generation Repetition also plays a big role, making it essential to
to come might know them, even the children which regularly take them to Sunday school and church, and
should be born; who should arise and declare them to point to Gods Word as the guideline for making
to their children. (Psalm 78:5-6) decisions and choices.
Repeat it often. Live it before them. Our children
Ten-year-old Patrick was blessed to be born into are the most important mission field we have!
a Christian home where both parents are serving the
Lord. His grandparents also are Christians, and his BACKGROUND
great-grandparents and great-great-grandparents were Psalm 78
also followers of Christ. Each generation in the family Psalm 78 is attributed to Asaph, and is a Maschil,
has been careful to pass on their Christian heritage. or teaching psalm, in the form of a hymn. The first and
Recently, Patrick and his classmates were lengthiest of the historical psalms, it recaps highlights
instructed to write an essay about someone they from Israels history from the time of slavery in Egypt
admire. Patrick titled his composition, I Admire to Davids reign. Because of the distinctive references
Jesus. He wrote, in part [original spelling retained]: to Ephraim and Judah, this psalm may have been
I admire Jesus because He is who I follow. Along written after the twelve tribes split into two kingdoms,
time ago, Adam and Eve sinned to the lord. Adam and but before the Babylonian captivity since the Temple
Eve were the first human beings on Earth. God creat- still existed in Jerusalem. The psalm stresses that
ed Earth. When Adam and Eve sinned, It made every- disobedience always results in judgment, and that
one have Sin in there heart when they are born. Its our each generation must pass on Gods commandments
duty to pray and ask forgiveness from Jesus for your to the next, so they will not forget God and repeat the
sins. Then He knows that you are sorry. At the end of failures of their ancestors.
time, Jesus will be bringing everyone who is saved The opening verses are a call to instruction. In
to Heaven. The most wonderful place in life! When them, the psalmist pled with his people to pay close
people do not get saved and die then they go to Hell. attention as he recounted the parable (comparison)
A place that is a big lake of lava and you do not die, of Israels history to make known the dark sayings
but you feel the pain. You cant exscape Hell. You live (riddles or allegorical stories) of ancient wisdom
there foreverWhen you have Jesus in your heart, imparted by their forefathers. Verse 5 establishes the
your life will be way better and not much problems. authority for the psalmists teaching: He (God) was
Jesus has a lot of stories and there all in the Bible. You the One who appointed the Law for Israel. Verses
do not put anything on the bible. Its the Lords word. 6-8 provide six reasons why parents are to teach their
Do not stack away the bible. You need to be close to children the things of God.
the lord. So get saved and closer to the lord. You will Verses 9-11 single out the children of Ephraim
have a good life. Read the Bible and pray every day! for special rebuke. (Since Ephraim was the leading
That is a lot of theology expressed in one short tribe of the Northern Kingdom, it was often used
essay! Clearly, Patrick has been absorbing what is to reference the entire nation.) Three reasons are
taught him. given: they fled in the day of battle, they rejected the
In our focus verse, the psalmist reminded Israel covenant of God, and they forgot what He had done
that each generation should make known to their for them.
children Gods commandments so they would not Verse 12 begins the summary of Gods awe-
be lost or forgotten from generation to generation. inspiring works on Israels behalf when He delivered
Gods statutes are designed to bring happiness and them from bondage in Egypt. The field of Zoan
fulfillment through righteous living. His desire is for likely referred to the region in lower Egypt where the
parents to instruct their children in how to implement Israelites lived. The psalmist then recited a litany of
Gods will in their daily lives. If parents will strive occurrences in which Israels conduct was faithless
to fulfill this responsibility, their children and and vacillating, although at times divine judgment
brought temporary repentance. Verses 40-64 revert 2. Why do you think Israel continued to reject God
back to the events surrounding the Exodus from after He had performed so many miracles on their
Egypt. Despite the repeated manifestations of Gods behalf?
power, the people provoked the most high God, and
kept not his testimonies (verse 56).
Because of Israels rejection of Him, God forsook
the Tabernacle in Shiloh (located in the land possessed
by the tribe of Ephraim), and delivered the Ark of the
Covenantcalled His strength and gloryinto
enemy hands. This occurred when the Ark was taken
by the Philistines and never returned to Shiloh (see
1 Samuel 4). Israels disobedience caused them to be
defeated in battle and their young men to be killed. 3. What are some ways you can pass on the teachings
Israels priests were also killed, and due to the dire of Gods Word to the next generation?
circumstances, there were no opportunities for the
public mourning which was a common practice in
those days (verse 64).
In verses 65-72, the psalmist described a revival
of Israels blessings. The victories alluded to in verse
66 may have been the series of conquests over the
Philistines by Samuel, Saul, and David. God rejected
Ephraim as the location for His Tabernacle, and
instead chose Mount Zion (Jerusalem) located in
Judah, where He established His sanctuary.

II. Book II (42:172:20)
III. Book III (73:189:52) If we set a godly example and faithfully teach our
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48) children from the Word of God, they will understand
V. Book V (107:1150:6) the necessity of following His will in their lives, and
will be prepared to transmit the same instruction to the
A CLOSER LOOK next generation.
1. In verses 6-8, why did the psalmist say it was so NOTES
vital for parents to diligently teach Gods precepts to
their children?
DAYBREAK

Psalm 79
Help us, O God of our salvation, for the glory
Psalm 79 was authored by Asaph, although
of thy name: and deliver us, and purge away our many scholars believe it was a later Asaph than
sins, for thy names sake. (Psalm 79:9) the contemporary of David (perhaps one of his
descendants). If written during the time of David,
Need help! came the call. Then louder, Need
the author was speaking prophetically; a later Asaph
help! The persistent little voice that claimed my
would have been giving a historical account.
attention was the call of my three-year-old nephew.
Psalm 79 is considered a companion to Psalm
When my assistance did not arrive quickly enough
74 in that both psalms lament the destruction of
to satisfy him, he called even more urgently, NEED
Jerusalem and beseech God to render vengeance.
HELP! Since these repeated cries came in rapid
Since Jerusalem was destroyed more than one time,
succession, by the time I had dropped what I was
opinions differ concerning the exact historical
doing and crossed the room, the request had been
setting, though many believe the psalm referred to
shouted at least four times. Happily, his problem was
the destruction of Jerusalem during the Babylonian
easily solved. Although he had managed to open the
captivity. Verses 1-4 reflect the horror the inhabitants
door to the art supplies closet, his little legs and arms
of Israel felt as their territorial boundaries were
were not long enough to reach the needed item.
obliterated and their holy places desecrated by the
His insistent pleas to the one he knew could help
heathen (or foreign nations). So many were slain
brought him a solution.
that it was impossible to give all the bodies a proper
On a daily basis, adults also encounter situations
burial, and Gods people were mocked and disdained
in which we need help for circumstances beyond
by the surrounding nations because of Jerusalems
our control. These range from insignificant, soon-
defeat.
forgotten needs to life-altering dilemmas. We pray
The request that Gods tender mercies would
for a parking place, misplaced keys, lost paperwork,
speedily prevent us in verse 8 was a plea
guidance in a purchase, or ability to solve a
that God would not remember Israels previous
computer problem. We also look heavenward with
transgressions, but would quickly impart His mercies
urgent appeals for wisdom in raising our children,
and deliverance on their behalf. He also requested
help in resolving relationship issues, healing for
that God would render to Israels invaders seven
serious illness, or comfort in the death of a loved
times more retribution than the reproach they had
one. These major, real-life concerns can distract
heaped upon Gods people. The number seven
us, and at times impact our ability to concentrate,
symbolized completeness, so verse 12 denotes the
because a portion of our brains continually seem to
psalmists desire for total vengeance upon Israels
be grappling with the problem. How wonderful in
enemies. The psalm concludes with a proclamation
such situations to remember that our Helper is closer
that Gods punishment on the nations responsible
than a brother (or auntie!) and hears even our first
for Jerusalems reproach would cause His people
cry! And not only is He readily available, He can do
to offer praise and thanksgiving for generations to
anything! No circumstance is too difficult for Him to
come.
handle.
In todays focus verse, the psalmist Asaph cried Psalm 80
out to God on behalf of his nation, urgently voicing Psalm 80, also ascribed to Asaph, is a plea for
the cause of his distress: their fractured relationship God to manifest His power and bring restoration to
with God. As a result, enemies had come into his Israel. The word Shoshannim in the superscription
city, defiled the Temple, and slain great numbers of means lilies, and may refer to an instrument or
the people. What a desperate situation! No wonder style of music. Eduth means testimony. While
Asaph pleaded, Help us, O God of our salvation! classified as a lament, this psalm differs from the
What a great blessing it is to know that God majority of other psalms of its type in that it focuses
is standing by, waiting for us to turn to Him, ask more on God than on circumstances.
Him, and trust Him. As we do, we can be assured In the first verse, the phase Thou that leadest
that His solutions are exactly right for our spiritual Joseph like a flock alludes to the ten northern
development, and that His timing is impeccable. tribes after Israels division into two kingdoms.
Thou that dwellest between the cherubim refers 2. Why do you think the writer of Psalm 80 pleaded
to Gods presence upon the mercy seat of the Ark with God three times to turn us again (verses
of the Covenant. Although the tribe of Benjamin 3,7,19)? What occurs when people turn to God?
remained with the southern kingdom, it may have
been mentioned in conjunction with Ephraim and
Manasseh because of their relationship to Jacobs
beloved wife, Rachel, and their being placed
together behind the Ark of the Covenant during
Israels wilderness trek.
In verse 5, the Hebrew word translated
measure actually refers to a specific amount: the
third part of an ephah, which was an amount several
times larger than the average drinking glass could 3. Asaph anguished over the fact that the heathen
contain. Used thus, it indicates the abundance of were mocking God. In our day as well, sinners at
tears shed by the people. The psalmist bemoaned times scoff at us and scorn our beliefs. How should
that Israels calamities had caused them to become we respond when that happens?
an object of mockery by their enemies.
From verse 8, the remainder of the psalm
compares Israel to a vine. In verses 8-11, the
psalmist rehearsed how God brought Israel out of
Egypt, drove out the Gentile nations in Canaan, and
planted Israel in the midst of the land. As Israels
roots grew deep, the thickness of the vine shaded
the hills and appeared like majestic cedar trees.
Eventually, Israels descendants spread from the
Mediterranean Sea to the Euphrates River. In verses
12-13, the psalmist mourned because God had
allowed Israels walls to be broken down, making
the nation vulnerable to the plucking of her CONCLUSION
oppressors. The boar out of the wood may refer to
the savage armies who came to devour Israel. When we face perplexing or troubling situations
The psalm concludes with the repeated plea for in life, we can and should always turn to the One
God to turn Israel back to Him, and grant them His with real answers to lifes challenges.
favor, so they would be saved from oppression.
NOTES
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. According to Psalm 79:1, what serious problem
prompted the psalmist to cry out to God for help?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS peace to come, we can be confident that one day, in

His perfect timing, Christ will defeat Satan and bring
They have taken crafty counsel against thy peace to Israel and the whole earth. And just as God
people, and consulted against thy hidden ones. will continue to watch out for Israel, we have many
They have said, Come, and let us cut them off from promises in His Word of how He watches out for each
being a nation; that the name of Israel may be no individual who places his or her trust in Him.
more in remembrance. (Psalm 83:3-4)
BACKGROUND
Antagonism toward Israel has been a reality since
All three of todays psalms are credited to Asaph,
God delivered the Children of Israel from Egypt
or perhaps his descendants.
and established them as a nation. In Bible times,
the Egyptians were not the Israelites only enemies. Psalm 81
The Amalekites, Midianites, Moabites, Ammonites, Psalm 81 likely was written for use at Israels
Amorites, Philistines, Assyrians, Babylonians, feasts. Many scholars believe it was used for the
Persians, and Romans all fought against the Children observance of the Feast of Trumpets, which was
of Israel and sought their destruction. part of the Feast of Tabernacles. These celebrations
In todays focus verses, the psalmist Asaph cried took place near the harvest time and at the start of
out to God, urging Him to protect Israel from those the Jewish yearthe last part of September and
who had taken crafty counsel against thy people and beginning of October by the Gregorian calendar used
united in a confederacy with the goal of ensuring that by most western nations. The psalm rehearses Israels
the name of Israel may be no more in remembrance. history and then gives Gods message and warnings.
During World War II, Hitler and Nazi Germany In verses 1-5, the writer called for worship,
wiped out six million Jews in an effort to exterminate including music that was hearty (sing aloud) and
the Jewish people. When Israel was established as joyous (joyful noise). A timbrel referenced
a nation in 1948, a new wave of persecution and a tambourine; the harp was similar to a lyre; a
oppression nearly submerged the infant state. Today, psaltery was an early guitar or zither; and the
many decades later, Israel is still surrounded by trumpet was a rams horn.
enemiesSyria, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Iranand Beginning at verse 6, Gods instructions were
Islamic extremists vow publicly to wipe the nation of given. Verses 6-10 spoke of Gods deliverance of
Israel from the face of the earth. Israel from Egypt where they had been slaves, His
Why has such animosity been directed against help after they escaped, and His commandments
Gods chosen people through the ages? According for them. Verses 11-16 focus on the rebellion of the
to the Bible, God has a special purpose for the Israelites and how God desired for them to follow
nation of Israel. They rejected God, yet He still has Him so He could bless them.
a plan for them, and Satan wants to defeat that plan.
Psalm 82
Satanically influenced hatred of Israel is the reason
Psalm 82 was a cry against Israels judges who
their neighbors have always wanted to see Israel
had become corrupt. The writer declared that God
destroyed. However, attempts to annihilate this nation
is the Judge of all, and therefore those in authority
will always fail. We know Israel will suffer more in
should act justly. Scholars interpret the word gods
the days ahead; the persecution of Israel will continue
in he judgeth among the gods (verse 1) and Ye
until the Revelation of Christ. However, someday
are gods (verse 6) to mean the rulers of the people.
the nation will be finally and completely delivered
The psalmist was stating that these leaders would be
from her enemies. Jesus will set up His Millennial
accountable for their corruption.
Kingdom and will reign in peace from Jerusalem.
When we read the news about the tensions in Psalm 83
Israel and the Middle East, we do not need to fear. The time period when Psalm 83 was written
We can look to God with complete assurance that cannot be firmly established because throughout their
He has the situation under control and nothing which history, the nation of Israel had numerous enemies,
occurs in that region will catch Him by surprise. His including those named here. This psalm has two
divine plan is being unfolded! We can and should pray sections. Verses 1-8 describe the problems of the
for the peace of Jerusalem. While we wait for that Jewish people and list their foes, which surrounded
them on every side. Verses 9-18 are a plea for God to 3. In Psalm 82, God condemns corruption and
defeat those enemies as He had done before. Specific injustice, particularly to the poor, orphaned,
examples were cited in verse 9deliverance from the afflicted and needy. What are some ways we can
Midianites either in Moses or Gideons time, and the show compassion to groups such as these in our
defeat of Sisera in Deborahs time. The writer desired communities?
that God would be glorified by Israels deliverance
(verses 17-18).
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. In Psalm 81, beginning at verse 6, the psalmist
spoke as the voice of God to the people. Where did CONCLUSION
God state that He had proved the people? Though Israel has suffered greatly at the hand
of its enemies throughout history, someday Gods
plan will be completed and Israeland all the
worldwill enjoy perfect peace.
NOTES
2. How do you think thanksgiving and praise affect
our spiritual hunger?
DAYBREAK

In the day of my trouble I will call upon thee: for Psalm 84
thou wilt answer me. (Psalm 86:7) Psalm 84 was written for the sons of Korah,
who were singers and keepers of the Temple gates.
I have always been a person who likes to seek It is an eloquent expression of love and appreciation
out advice. Every Saturday morning, I tune in to a for Gods sanctuary. While no author is cited, in
local talk-radio station and pick up tips from The all probability it was written by David. The Syriac
Garden Doctor. Mr. Fix-It is another of my version of the Psalms points to his authorship.
favorites. When our children were very young, I Psalm 84 is typically associated with the Feast
would ask other mothers for advice on potty training, of Tabernacles, an autumn celebration of gratitude
when to start allowances, how to train first-graders for Gods provision. It may have been a song that
to pick up after themselves, and so on. As my conveyed the pilgrims rejoicing as they traveled to
children grew older, I was thankful for a friend who the Temple in Jerusalem.
would lend an ear whenever I was concerned about In verse 1, the plural form of tabernacles
their choice of friends or grades at school. There indicates the psalmists love for all areas of the
was always someone I could turn to when I needed Temple, referred to as courts in verse 2. In verses
counsel or consolation. That probably reinforced my 3-4, he conveyed envy for the birds that freely nested
tendency to assume that if I talked to the right person in the vicinity of the Temple, while he was only
and asked the right questions, I could find a solution rarely privileged to visit the place where Gods glory
to whatever I faced. dwelt. The word Baca in verse 6 means weeping,
Then one day my father called to say that my inferring that the valley of weeping would become
mother had been diagnosed with an incurable type a place of refreshing wells and pools of blessings
of cancer. The only thing that could be done was as the pilgrims renewed their strength there during
treatment to slow its spread. As soon as I hung up the their journey to appear before God in the Temple.
phone, I fell apart emotionally. I needed help! My The joys of attendance in Gods house are only
mom needed help! Who could I call? surpassed by the joy of His presence with those
My mind raced through a list of friends and who walk uprightly (verse 11)a phrase which
acquaintances, but part of me realized that there means literally in perfectness or whole, entire, in
was no advice that could make this situation better. integrity.
There was no one who could provide a solution to
Psalm 85
the challenge facing us. Then, from the depths of my
Psalm 85, like the preceding psalm, is dedicated
soul, I cried out to God, Lord, only You can help.
to the sons of Korah. Its theme is praise for Israels
Only You understand. I will never forget the wave
deliverance from captivity, and includes a prayer
of peace and the assurance of Gods love that came
for Israel to turn their hearts back to God. Although
over me. All I needed was Him. I knew He would be
the only specific allusion to historical events is the
with us through whatever lay ahead.
reference to captivity in verse 1, it indicates a time of
That experience taught me the profound truth
nationwide humiliation. Many believe the psalm was
stated in our focus verse: God will answer us when
written after the captives returned from Babylonian
we call upon Him in the time of trouble. No doubt at
captivity; others suggest it could have been related to
some point in life, each one of us will face a situation
any national calamity in Israels history. Still others
that seems hopeless and for which any human
interpret these verses from a prophetical viewpoint,
remedy is beyond reach. However, God is more than
proposing they refer to Israels future restoration and
just a friend who will listen and offer some advice.
the establishment of Christs Millennial Reign.
He is a Friend who will take the burden from our
hearts and give us peace and comfort! Psalm 86
If what you face today is a rough and stormy The psalmists prayer in Psalm 86 petitions God
ride, you can do what the psalmist did and to grant mercy and help, and is intermingled with
acknowledge the greatness of God. The assurance adoration and thanksgiving for Gods wondrous
that God answers prayer and will sustain you is an works. This is the only psalm in Book III directly
invaluable consolation and source of strength. ascribed to David. His prayer is comprised of four
sections which are divided by avowals of Gods 2. Why do you think the writer of Psalm 85 implored
greatness (verses 5, 10, 15, 17). No historical setting Israel to seek for salvation after God had already
is clear. Many scholars consider this psalm to be a shown favor and delivered them from captivity?
mosaic work compiled from Psalms 25-28 and 54-57,
and the Books of Exodus, Deuteronomy, Isaiah, and
Jeremiah.
In verses 1-5, the psalmist pleaded with God
to heed his prayer because he was oppressed and
desperately needed Gods intervention. The Hebrew
meaning for the word holy in verse 2 is pious,
true, or godly, all of which indicate that the
psalmist believed his righteous living should be a
reason for God to protect him. The phrase Rejoice 3. In times of adversity, how can you use Davids
the soul (verse 4) was a petition for God to fill his prayer in Psalm 86 as an example for seeking Gods
soul with joy. Unite my heart to fear thy name help?
in verse 11 was a supplication for God to give the
psalmist a heart that was single-minded in praising
and glorifying His Name for ever.
David concluded his psalm in verses 16-17
with a series of requests entreating God to give
him strength to triumph. He pointed out that his
deliverance would confound his enemies and validate
Jehovahs greatness and power over all the earth.

I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
III. Book III (73:189:52) CONCLUSION
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48) Challenging situations may come our way that
V. Book V (107:1150:6) cause us to feel weak and helpless. However, like
David, we can call out to God to sustain and deliver
A CLOSER LOOK
us in such times.
1. What comparison did the psalmist make in Psalm
84:10? NOTES
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS can blame others and become bitter, or we can cry
unto the God of our salvation and ultimately find a
O Lord God of my salvation, I have cried day and place of peace and joy.
night before thee: let my prayer come before thee:
incline thine ear unto my cry. (Psalm 88:1-2) BACKGROUND
Psalm 87
An Amish proverb states, Sometimes God calms
Psalm 87 is an eloquent expression of praise and
the storm, but sometimes God lets the storm rage and
delight in Zion, the holy City of God. It was written
calms his child. Some years ago, I saw that statement
for the sons of Korah, who administered a portion of
illustrated in the life of a friend of mine who had
the Temple music. It possibly was composed during
received a terrible personal blow.
the rule of Hezekiah. Alternatively, the reference to
After my friend had been married for many years
Gentile nations in verse 4 may be a historical indicator
and had devoted her life to her home and family, her
that the psalm was composed in a post-exilic period.
husband told her one day that he was leaving. She
Whatever the date of composition, it provides a
was heartbroken. I recall many times seeing her weep
prophetic view of nations coming to Jerusalem during
before the Lord at an altar of prayer, reaching out to
Christs Millennial Reign, and the glories of the
the God of her salvation. Life was not easy for her,
Messiahs kingdom.
and many people would have become embittered
The psalm has a mixed form, with elements of
in this situation, but my friend did not. She simply
a hymn of praise, an oracle, and a meditation. The
continued to call upon God.
reference in verse 7 to singers and players on
After a period of some months, I began to see a
instruments indicate that it may have been used in
change in my friends demeanor. Her circumstances
processions to the Temple or festival worship within it.
had not changed, but she did. Acceptance and peace
Verse 6 is a Messianic reference to the New
began to pervade her spirit. She still prayed earnestly
Jerusalem, where the final census of all the names
for her husband but the evidences of anguish over the
written in the Lambs Book of Life will be taken. The
betrayal and broken trust began to dissipate. In their
word translated man in this verse is not the Hebrew
place, a quiet serenity developed, even though many
word adam, which is the common designation for a
difficult adjustments had been necessary in her life.
human being, but is a different word (Hebrew ish)
God did not answer my friends prayer in the way she
used to designate a person of distinction and honor. All
had thought might happen. Yet He did answer itHe
whose names are listed will have experienced the new
gave her peace in the midst of the storm.
birth that qualifies them as citizens of New Jerusalem.
If my friend had not chosen to seek the Lord
Verse 7 signifies the rejoicing that will be felt in this
during this time, she could have developed a bitter
Heavenly city, where God will be the springs of life
and unforgiving spirit. Then not only would she
for every inhabitant.
have suffered the initial blow, but she would have
had a heavy weight to carry around with her. Years Psalm 88
have gone by now, but my friend is at peace and has Psalm 88 is considered the most mournful of all
enjoyed a good and happy lifethanks to God and the psalms. Mahalath Leannoth in the superscription
the peace He alone can give. could be translated concerning sickness, to be sung.
Todays focus verses, which are the opening Maschil means causing to understand and relates
lines of the most sorrowful passage in the whole to the teaching of wisdom or piety. The only hopeful
Book of Psalms, reveal that the author was in a time expression in this psalm occurs at the beginning in the
of deep distress. Still, his reference to the God of phrase O Lord God of my salvation. However, even
my salvation offers a ray of hope, teaching us that the act of prayer is an indicator of lingering hope.
the saint of God is never in utter despair. When we The identity of the authorlikely Heman the
are serving God, there is always a place of refuge Ezrahite, who is named in the superscriptionis
and a reason to hope, no matter how alarming or not absolutely certain. One possibility is that he was
heartbreaking our circumstances. the wise man Heman mentioned in 1 Kings 4:31,
We may face times of trial or loss when it seems who was a son of Zerah and grandson of Judah
that God is ignoring our prayers. It is then that we (1 Chronicles 2:6), and hence was called the Ezrahite.
have a choice. We can challenge and blame God, we Another possibility is that he was one of the three
chief musicians of Davids day, who is mentioned as a 3. What steps can we take to hold on to God in a time
singer in 1 Chronicles 6:33 and other verses as well. of trouble, even when it seems He is not answering
Verses 3-4 indicate that the author of the psalm our prayers?
was gravely ill, physically weak, and close to death.
In verse 5, the phrase translated as free among the
dead means set apart in the original Hebrew. In
verses 10-12, the psalmist made a plea for healing by
asking rhetorically if God could be appreciated by the
dead. What makes this the most mournful of all the
Psalms is that there is no answering response from
God, no surge of renewed faith, nor any mitigation
of the authors despair: the last word of the psalm is
darkness.


II. Book II (42:172:20) Although we long for resolution to the trials that
III. Book III (73:189:52) come our way, we can be anchored in the God of our
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48) salvation. Knowing that He is there and hears our
V. Book V (107:1150:6) prayers will provide comfort.
A CLOSER LOOK NOTES

1. According to Psalm 87:1-2, where did God lay the
foundations of Zion?
2. What verses in Psalm 88 reveal that the authors

affliction had affected him emotionally as well as
physically?
DAYBREAK
Psalm 89:1-52
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS enemy of our souls will wage an all-out attempt to

overthrow our confidence in God. Yet even when our
Nevertheless my lovingkindness will I not utterly faith wavers, God is unchanging, because faithfulness
take from him, nor suffer my faithfulness to fail. is part of His character. We can always trust Him to
My covenant will I not break, nor alter the thing remain faithful.
that is gone out of my lips. (Psalm 89:33-34) Challenges and trouble do not last forever, and in
the midst of such times, our most sustaining hope is
All of us believe in many things. Even people who the faithfulness of our Heavenly Father.God can be
deny Gods existence believe in Gods natural laws! trusted with every situation of life!
We are confident the sun will rise in the morning,
though it may be covered by clouds. We know that the BACKGROUND
earth will continue to spin on its axis at just the right Psalm 89
angle to bring summer, fall, winter, and spring each This psalm was a Maschil (Hebrew for to
year. We anticipate that although the leaves fall after instruct or causing to understand), indicating it
turning color, the trees are still alive, buds will form, was designed to teach. The final psalm in Book III,
and new leaves will appear in the spring. it is attributed to Ethan the Ezrahite. Bible scholars
Our beliefs extend beyond nature. In our society, offer various suggestions regarding the date and
we presume that restaurants will provide what we setting of its writing. Some propose that the psalmists
order, grocery stores will stock food for purchase, expression of grief over the perceived annulment of
and contractors will follow through by doing their the Davidic covenant indicates that he composed the
promised work. We do not wonder whether the psalm during a time of captivity, such as after the
elevator will go up when we press the button for the fall of Jerusalem. Others suggest a period when the
floor above us. When we flick the light switch, we Davidic line was merely threatened and not dethroned.
assume the light will go on. When we turn the key in Whatever the date, commentators agree that this psalm
our cars ignition, we expect to hear the engine start. is Messianic, based upon its use in the New Testament
Its true that our expectations regarding man and in reference to Christ (see Luke 1:51 and Acts 13:22).
his inventions are sometimes disappointed. At times, The psalm is divided into three segments: a
trust is broken and assumptions are proven faulty. consideration of Gods past blessings and promises
However, God always keeps His word. He never to David (verses 1-37), a lament over present
breaks a promise; He never fails or disappoints. He is circumstances and Gods seeming abandonment
faithful whether man believes Him or not. (verses 38-45), and a plea for God to once again honor
Psalm 89 is all about Gods covenant faithfulness, His covenant with David (verses 46-51). It concludes
proved over the centuries of time. The word with a doxology of praise (verse 52).
faithfulness appears fourteen times in the Book of In verses 3-4, the author spoke of Gods covenant
Psalms, and almost half of those instances are in this words to David. The Hebrew word brit, translated
chapter. In our focus verse, the psalmist pronounced covenant, was likely derived from a word meaning
Gods own assurance that He would not break His to clasp or fetter, thus indicating the strength of the
covenant nor change what He had spoken regarding bond. Tabor and Hermon, referred to in verse
David. Although Davids descendants, the Children 12, were conspicuous mountains in Israel and were
of Israel, failed God and the kingdom was taken from used poetically to indicate the universality of Gods
them, the promises He made concerning them are still creation. Verses 20-29 are Messianic promises related
true. Someday Jesus Christthe seed of Davidwill to Gods eternal covenant with David. Through Jesus,
rule over all the earth. Gods everlasting Kingdom a descendant of David, Davids seed and throne will
will be eternal and His covenant with David will be eternally established.
be everlastingly fulfilled. And even if one fails God
today, His promises of redemption and help still are
available if one turns back to them. I. Book I (1:141:13)

What a comfort it is to know that we can rely II. Book II (42:172:20)
on Gods promises, no matter what happens around III. Book III (73:189:52)
us! That assurance is the solid ground of our faith. IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
Trials will come, and we will face times when the V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK 3. What circumstances or events in your life remind
you of Gods faithfulness?
1. In verse 7, where did the psalmist say that God was
to be feared (viewed with great awe)? Why do you
think he specified this location?
CONCLUSION
Our greatest source of assurance and security
2. Why do you think the author of Psalm 89 (as well is the fact that God is faithful. He always keeps His
as the authors of many of the other psalms) chose to promises!
illustrate his points with examples from nature?
NOTES
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS and the historical psalms (104-106), as well as others.

This cluster of seventeen psalms was collected about
For he shall give his angels charge over thee, to two to three hundred years after the first three books,
keep thee in all thy ways. (Psalm 91:11) and probably was added during the time when Israel
returned to their homeland under Ezra (458 B.C.) and
One of the greatest pleasures of my life is being Nehemiah (445 B.C.). This section focuses on Israels
a grandfather. When my first grandson was born, we failure and time spent in the wilderness, echoing the
became good buddies, and the two of us would go theme of the Book of Numbers.
out to breakfast now and then. When his cousin was
Psalm 90
old enough, he joined our party, and the three of us
This song is classified as a communal lamenta
enjoyed those occasions together.
psalm that expresses the anguish or sorrow of the
After one of our pleasant breakfast outings, we
worshiper. It also contains some elements of wisdom
went to a local department store to check out the toys.
language (see verse 12 as an example).
When we finally returned to the car, I instructed one
According to its superscription, Psalm 90 is
grandson to stand by the door and wait while I placed
a prayer of Moses. This makes it the oldest of the
the other boy in his booster seat. While strapping the
psalms, as none of the others were written prior to
first grandson into his seat, I accidentally shoved the
the time of David. It is the only psalm ascribed to the
front seat forward so it bumped the horn. Moving out
great leader of Israel who delivered Gods chosen
of the car to get my other grandchild, I bumped the
people from bondage in Egypt. Since the psalm is
horn again. I was upset at my awkwardness, and hoped
primarily a plea for God to restore the Israelites to
the unnecessary noise had not attracted any attention.
favor, it likely was composed as the forty years of
Then I noticed that there were two people inside
wandering in the wilderness came to a close. The
the car next to me, and their motor was running.
psalm emphasizes the brevity of human life, and for
They clearly were waiting to see why I kept honking
that reason, it is often included in funeral programs.
the horn! I motioned for them to wait as I looked
Some scholars suggest that verse 10 (which
around for my younger grandson. My heart nearly
establishes mans normal lifespan as being seventy
stopped beating when I realized he was bent over
years) negates Moses authorship, since according
directly behind the neighboring car, trying to read
to Deuteronomy 34:7 he lived to the age of 120.
the license plate! After I pulled him to safety at my
However, other Scriptures in the early books of the
side, I wholeheartedly thanked the ladies for patiently
Bible indicate that Moses longevity was unusual. For
waiting. And you can be sure that I thanked God for
example, in Joshua 14:10-11, Caleb alluded to his
allowing me to honk the horn twice, even though
strength at the age of eighty-five as being out of the
doing so was not intentional!
ordinary.
I am sure that Gods angels were on the scene that
Psalm 90 is considered by many to be one of
daythey were there to keep us in all our ways, and
the greatest prayers of Israel, and one of the most
it was no accident that I honked that horn. Had the
precious gems in the Psalter (the compendium
driver of the other car not heard it and paused to find
of Israels lyrical songs). It contains many great
out the reason, I am sure my grandson would have
theological truths: that God is eternal and everlasting
been injured.
(verse 2), God calls sinful mankind to repentance
In todays focus verse, the psalmist reveals that
(verse 3), Gods wrath is His moral response to
angels watch over believers. I suspect that we really
disobedience (verse 11), and God extends mercy
have no idea how often Gods angelic messengers
(verse 14). The psalm concludes with an appeal for
are standing by, ready to intervene on our behalf.
Gods compassion and favor to rest upon His people.
However, I am convinced the experience with my
grandsons was one such instance. Lets not lose Psalm 91
an opportunity to thank Him for the protection He Like most of the psalms in Book IV, the author
providesboth seen and unseen! of Psalm 91 is not given, and no specific setting is
established in the text. This psalm is considered to
BACKGROUND be a wisdom poem, followed by a word from God
Book IV of the Psalms encompasses Psalms 90- (verses 14-16). It may have been used in the Temple
106 and includes both the royal praise psalms (95-100) liturgy.
The words of Psalm 91 express the security found 2. Given the promises in Psalm 91, how would you
in trusting the living God. Since it is not designated explain the fact that Gods people suffer affliction,
to any individual or restricted to any specific group of trouble, and death?
people, it is applicable to all who dwell in the secret
place of the most High (verse 1) and who look to
God as their refuge and fortress.
The author drew upon military imagery in several
verses. He recognized that God was his defensive
position (described as a refuge and fortress in
verse 2) where security was found from the threats
of the enemy. Allusion to weaponry provides another
metaphorGods truth had proved to be a shield
and buckler (verse 4). Although the enemy attacked 3. Based upon Psalm 90:12, what are some habits we
with arrows (verse 5), verse 7 proclaims that could develop that would help make every day count?
destruction will not come near the one whose trust is
in God. While on the surface this may appear to be
a description of deliverance from human assault, the
psalmist also may have been portraying the believers
victory over demonic agents. (A parallel thought
is expressed in Ephesians 6, where Paul instructed
believers in how to stand against the wiles of the
devil.) Jesus quoted verse 11 when resisting Satan in
the wilderness (see Matthew 4:6).
The snare of the fowler and the noisome
pestilence referenced in verse 3 are figures of
speech which emphasize the elements of surprise and
danger. A snare is not seen until it is too late to avoid
CONCLUSION
entrapment; a pestilence is fatal. The point is that
even when the danger is invisible or incurable, Gods We will all face difficultiessome more serious
protection avails. than othersbut we have no reason to fear if we are
In verses 14-16, God himself speaks, giving abiding in the secret place of the most High.
divine assurance to the person who dwells in intimacy
with Him. These verses do not mean that the people NOTES
of God will never suffer. The promise of help, honor,
and hope are for those in peril, but Satans attempts
do not need to be feared when one is under the divine
protection of the Almighty. That one is safe in Gods
keeping, even in the midst of danger.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. In Psalm 90:5-6, what type of vegetation did the
psalmist use in his illustration of the brevity of life?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS hearts and a renewed faith in His mindful attentiveness

to our situation.
It is a good thing to give thanks unto the Lord,
and to sing praises unto thy name, O most High: to BACKGROUND
shew forth thy lovingkindness in the morning, and Psalm 92
thy faithfulness every night. (Psalm 92:1-2) According to its superscription, Psalm 92 was to
be sung in the Temple on the Sabbath day as part of the
The last little bit of food in our house was on the worship service. Nothing is known about the composer
table. Mother looked at the meager provision before of the psalm, nor the setting or circumstances related
us, and we children looked toward her, our faces to its writing. It is classified as a wisdom psalm.
expectant. She bowed her head and in her quiet voice, The theme centers on Gods sovereign justicea
began to thank the Lord for the lunch. She ended her topic also developed in Psalms 37, 49, and 73, and the
prayer with the words, We also thank You, Lord, for Book of Job. It brings out that while the ungodly may
the food that You will provide for us today. appear to prosper, divine justice ultimately will occur,
Before the afternoon was over, God had rewarded and this should cause the righteous to praise God
the faith and trust implicit in that simple prayer. unceasingly. The psalmist pointed out that in contrast
Neighbors called, saying vegetables were starting to to the outcome prepared for the wicked, the righteous
rot in their garden, and asked if one of us would like to will flourish in Gods care; they will have longevity
come over and pick whatever we could use. A friend like the palm tree and strength like the cedar, and in
stopped by with a catch of fishthere were too many their old age, they will continue to be blessed and bear
for his family, and he wondered if we would like some spiritual fruit.
for dinner.
Psalm 93
My mother was following the admonition inherent
Psalm 93 is sometimes included with other short
in our focus verse. It is a good thing to give thanks
praise psalms (95-100) that refer to the sovereignty of
unto the Lord, no matter what circumstances we face!
God over nature and mankind. The date of its writing
It is not hard to feel gratitude when the table is heaped
is unknown, as is its author, although ancient versions
high and the bounty is spread before us, but can we
of the Old Testament ascribe authorship to David. This
thank God when the cupboard is empty? We should!
psalm is considered to be a hymn of praise.
Our thankfulness to God should not fluctuate with our
The theme of Psalm 93 is that in the midst of
circumstances or feelings.
change in this world, the one fixed point of stability is
Thankfulness combined with faith will bring
the living God. He is all-powerful, His Kingdom is
results from Heaven. However, we do not express
eternal, and His testimonies are certain. In verses 3-4,
gratitude to God in order to earn His beneficence
the psalmist introduced the metaphor of floods to
or to maneuver Him into providing what we want.
portray a swelling rebellion against God. Although the
Possessing a spirit of thankfulness simply opens a way
noise of many waters and the mighty waves of the
for God to work on our behalf. It is not a guarantee
sea arise up against God, He is mightier. None can
that we will never experience a need, but rather a
thwart His plan.
guarantee that we will never have to go through a
difficult time without Him. We can accept whatever Psalm 94
circumstances life brings with perfect confidence that It is not known who wrote Psalm 94, but as with
though we may face temporary adversity or problems, Psalm 93, ancient versions of the Old Testament
He is mindful of our situation and will supply our ascribe authorship to David. The occasion of writing
needs in His own way and time. is also unknown, although it may have been composed
When a spirit of gratitude becomes an integral during Israels captivity in Babylon since it contains
part of our lives, it will not be hard to do as the a plea for God to punish oppressors. This psalm is
psalmist suggests in these verses: to bracket our classified as an individual or national lament which
day with worship. As we meditate on and declare includes both wisdom words and prophetic views.
Gods lovingkindness in the morning we will find the The psalm opens with a complaint to God,
security and strength to face the hours ahead. As we referring to Him as the God of vengeances (in
close our day with gratitude for His faithfulness which the original language, the form is plural, indicating
has kept us through the day, we will have peace in our ultimate and final vengeance). The psalmist appealed
to God to judge the proud and insolent ones who had
used the legal system to afflict the righteous, widows,
strangers, and the fatherless. According to verse 7,
these wicked individuals insisted that the Lord shall
not see, implying that like any lifeless idol, God had
no regard for what they did. The psalmist asserted that
those who held that position were brutish [foolish
3. In Psalm 94:19, Gods comforts provide joy in the
or senseless] and called them to be wise [to have
midst of the psalmists anxieties. What are some of the
insight] regarding the obvious truth that the One who
comforts God provides when we are troubled?
created ears can hear, and the One who created eyes is
able to see.
In verses 12-15, the psalmist went on to pronounce
a blessing upon those who were instructed by the Lord,
noting that even times of adversity are only temporary.
He was assured that deliverance would come and the
pit [or grave] be digged for the law breakers. He was
well aware that without Gods help, there was no cause
for optimism, but with Gods strength holding him
steady, he found consolation in spite of the anxious
thoughts that assailed his mind.
The last four verses are considered by some Bible
scholars to be a prophetic allusion to Christ when He
CONCLUSION
was brought before the high priest and falsely accused
(see Matthew 26:59-60). If we maintain a spirit of gratitude in our hearts
and regularly express our appreciation to God for His
Used by permission per WORDsearch faithfulness to us, we will have peace and comfort no
I. Book I (1:141:13) matter what circumstances we face.
II. Book II (42:172:20) NOTES
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. According to Psalm 93, when was Gods throne
established?
2. In Psalm 92:13, reference is made to those that be

planted in the house of the Lord. What do you think
is meant by that phrase?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS of our needs and has promised to provide for them.
What a blessing it is to rely upon Him, and know that
For he is our God; and we are the people of his He is watching over us! When the Eternal God is our
pasture, and the sheep of his hand. (Psalm 95:7) Shepherd, we are safe from every danger.
Several years ago, my husband and I had the BACKGROUND

opportunity to visit Romania, the country where I was Psalm 95
born. While we were traveling from place to place to Psalms 95-100 are part of a collection of royal
visit family, my attention was caught by the flocks of psalms that emphasize praise to God as the Sovereign
sheep on the hillside. It had been some years since I of all creation, as well as the God of Israel. The author
had been around sheep, so I took special note of these of Psalm 95 is not named, but in Hebrews 4:7, the
pastoral settings. Often we saw shepherds carrying writer of the epistle referred to verse eight as being
lambs, walking among the sheep, or just watching located in David. This psalm is classified as a
over their flocks. I was impressed by the peace and prophetic hymn, based upon the exhortation beginning
tranquility that seemed a part of each scene. with the second part of verse 7.
Numerous places in Scripture liken Christ to a In this psalm, a two-part invitation is extended:
good shepherd. Our Shepherds concern for us is the Jewish people are asked to come and praise God,
alluded to in todays focus verse. If we stop and read and to come and submit to Him. The inclusion of
it thoughtfully, we will see a caring God behind the the word today in verse 7 indicates that God still
words. The picture here is of One who watches over speaks to hearts; the same exhortation is repeated in
His people as a shepherdOne who furnishes their Hebrews 3:7-11. The psalm also includes a warning
needs, protects from danger, and is ever mindful against following the example of Israels forefathers,
of their concerns. David, the author of this psalm, who because of unbelief were compelled to wander
understood the relationship between sheep and their for forty years in the wilderness. The reference to a
shepherds. In claiming that the Lord is our God, people that do err in their heart (verse 10) literally
he indicated that the Lord looks on us with love means a nation of wandering hearts.
and tenderness, just as David looked after his flock.
Psalm 96
When he referred to the sheep of his hand he was
Psalm 96 was taken from a section of a psalm
conveying the reality of the bond that exists between
written by David for the dedication of the Ark when
a shepherd and his flock. The word hand indicates
it was placed in the Tabernacle tent at Jerusalem (see
being close enough to touch, or perhaps being held or
1 Chronicles 16:23-33). Several verses are also
carried. The overall image is one of tenderness, caring,
repeated in Psalm 98.
and watchfulness.
Like the other short psalms in this collection,
As I gazed upon the serene beauty of sheep
Psalm 96 focuses on praise to God. In this series of
grazing on the hillsides in Romania, I thought what a
verses, however, the scope is broadened: worship is not
great picture they provided of how the Lord cares for
only for Israel alone but for all nations. David looked
us. I am not an expert regarding sheep, but I know that
ahead prophetically to the advent of Christ and the
they are helpless creatures who are very dependent
calling of Gentile nations, and said that all the earth
upon the shepherd to make sure they find sufficient
should join in singing a new song (also referred to in
food. They do not learn easily, and tend to follow one
Revelation 5:9). His viewpoint encompassed the end
another into danger. They are easy prey for predators
time when Christ will come to judge the earth and set
because they have no natural weapons such as teeth or
up His Millennial Kingdom (verse 13).
claws to defend themselves.
Like sheep, we too need a Shepherd. We are Psalm 97
totally dependent upon the Lord to provide spiritual No author is cited for Psalm 97, although the
nourishment, to care for us, and to protect us from the Syriac version of the Bible credits its composition
wiles of the enemy. Without Him, we are no match for to David. Commentators agree that this psalm is
the devices of Satan, for we can easily be led astray Messianic in nature, as it contains clear prophetic
and have no ability to defend ourselves. However, reference to Christs Second Coming to this earth to set
when we are under the tender care of our Great up His Millennial Kingdom. That theme is established
Shepherd, we can be at peace and content. He is aware in the first three words, The Lord reigneth, for only
when Christ rules will the earth rejoice and the
multitude of isles be glad.
The psalmist foretold that the fire of Gods wrath
(a reference to the Great Tribulation) will precede
the righteous reign of Christ and will obliterate the
enemies of righteousness (verse 3). The lightnings
mentioned in verse 4 are referenced four times in
the Book of Revelation (Revelation 4:5; 8:5; 11:19; 3. Sheep recognize the voice of their master. In
and 16:18). The hills which will melt like wax at the reference to Psalm 95:7-8, what steps can we take to
presence of the Lord (verse 5) are also described by make sure we are able to hear Gods voice?
the Apostle Peter (2 Peter 3:10-12). Davids prophetic
utterance that Zion heard, and was glad; and the
daughters of Judah rejoiced (verse 8) alludes to the
time yet to come when the Jews will acknowledge
Jesus as their Messiah and King.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
CONCLUSION
A CLOSER LOOK
How blessed we are to have a Shepherd who
1. In Psalm 96:4, why did the psalmist say the Lord is tenderly cares for us, provides for our needs, and
to be greatly praised? defends us against every source of danger!
NOTES
2. Psalm 97:2-3 tells us that the Lord will come with

righteous judgment. Why is Gods judgment righteous
and fair even when it is severe?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS Sometimes He may not answer in the way we hope

or expect. And while we all want immediate answers,
Moses and Aaron among his priests, and Samuel there may be times when we must wait in faith
among them that call upon his name; they called before the Lord until the answer comes, as in Brother
upon the Lord, and he answered them. Bruvolls case.
(Psalm 99:6) God knows what is best for us in each circum-
stance that we face. If we bring Him our petitions with
When Gods people call upon Him in a time of
true willingness to accept whatever answer He sends,
need, He responds. A veteran pastor of the Apostolic
we can be assured that He will answer according to
Faith work in Norway, Odd Bruvoll, often testified
His will.
about Gods answers to his prayers at various times in
his life. BACKGROUND
One such instance occurred after he was injured
Psalm 98
while working on a church project in Tromso. Brother
Psalm 98, with its theme of Gods mercy and
Bruvoll and some of the men from the congregation
salvation, has the same opening and closing verses as
were expanding the church there, and they needed to
Psalm 96. The author is not identified. The Hebrew
build a retaining wall against the neighbors house. He
word translated psalm in the title is mizmor, which
related, I was working alone on a big scaffold, lifting
literally means to make music, and probably
blocks, when I slipped and fell, injuring my back.
indicates this psalm was to be sung with instrumental
I was in terrible pain. X-rays were taken and it was
accompaniment. As in Psalm 96, reference is made to
found that my back was broken and the spinal cord
a new song. In this case, the theme of praise to the
and nerves were severely damaged. The doctors could
Lord is developed in ever-increasing dimensions: first
do very little. They said I would always have a stiff
it is to occur in Israel (verses 1-3a), then in all the earth
back because it could not be repaired. I told my wife,
(verses 3b-6), and finally in all of nature (verses 7-8).
Solveig, that I believed the Lord would heal me, but as
The phrase all the ends of the earth have seen
time went on, the pain grew worse and worse, and it
the salvation of our God (verse 3), is an example of
was difficult for me to sleep.
what Bible scholars term the prophetic perfect tense,
The church people prayed for me many times
which is used when the prophesied event is spoken of
but nothing seemed to help. Then one Sunday evening
as having already happened. (Another example of this
after almost everyone had gone home following the
is found in Isaiah 9:6, where seven centuries before
service, I felt I could not stand the pain anymore.
the advent of Christ, His birth is spoken of in the past
Those who were still there anointed me and prayed for
tense.)
me again. Satan told me that they had prayed for me
The instrument identified in verse 6 as a cornet
before and nothing had happened, and nothing would
is the shofar. It is translated in other Scriptures as a
happen this time. But I heard a tender Voice saying,
trumpet or rams horn, and was blown in a
You believe and you will see the glory of God. I held
variety of situations: to call worshipers to Jerusalem
my hands up and said, Lord, I believe I have been
(Isaiah 27:13), during coronations (1 Kings 1:34),
healed now. At that exact instant I was healed! It was
to signal an attack of the enemy (Judges 3:27), to
as if I instantly received a brand new back. That was
announce important news (1 Samuel 13:3), and during
fifteen years ago, and I have never had pain in my back
holy celebrations such as the Day of Atonement
since. God did the job well.
(Leviticus 25:9).
Like Moses, Aaron, Samuel, and the others
referenced in our focus verse who call upon his Psalm 99
name, Brother Bruvoll proved that God does Psalm 99 is classified as a hymn to the God of
answer prayer. That fact is substantiated by many holiness: it points to Gods holiness in power, in
Scriptures, as well as the personal experiences of justice, and in mercy, with each section concluding
believers through the ages of time. However, we with a statement about Gods holiness (verses 3, 5,
should understand that the God of the universe is not and 9). Like other psalms in this grouping, the author
under any obligation to say yes to every prayer. is not cited.
(That actually is a good thing, considering mans lack The phrase he sitteth between the cherubims
of understanding and wisdom compared to Gods.) (verse 1) is an allusion to Gods throne. While royal
thrones of the ancient east were usually made from A CLOSER LOOK
wood overlaid with precious metals and inlaid with
1. According to Psalm 99, what three leaders of Israel
gems, Gods throne was portrayed as a living entity
called upon God for guidance?
which is positioned above the mercy seat of the Ark of
the Covenant. Cherubim are divine or angelic beings
who are involved in sacred work before God. They are
generally described as winged creatures with feet and
hands.
Psalm 100 2. In Psalm 100:3, the author pointed out that we
Similar to Psalm 95 in theme, Psalm 100 did not give ourselves life. What bearing does this
probably was sung by worshipers as they traveled fact have on the debate in contemporary society over
in festive procession to the Temple. Some regard it individual so-called rights such as suicide and
as the doxology or concluding hymn of praise in the abortion?
collection of royal psalms which begin with Psalm 95.
The gates and courts in verse 4 refer to Gods
house, the place of public worship. The admonition to
enter into His gates with thanksgiving may indicate
that the worshipers brought a thanksgiving offering,
and accompanied its presentation with praise to God.
Three distinct reasons are given for worship: he is
God (implying a renunciation of all other gods), he
that hath made us (and thus we are dependent upon
Him for everything), and we are his people (those 3. As part of his plan to live a godly life, David said
who are called to be His own, and thus are the objects he would avoid temptation by setting no wicked thing
of His tender care). before his eyes. What are some other ways we can
avoid temptation?
Psalm 101
Psalm 101 was written by David as a resolution of
how he would conduct himself, his household, and his
kingdom in the sight of God. It was likely composed
around the time that he came to the throne, and states
the overall policy that he planned to put in place.
It also affirms Davids purpose to maintain moral
integrity and to rule righteously.
The word translated perfect (verse 2) means
without a blemish or defect. This term is also used
in Scripture to describe Gods blameless character,
suggesting that man should strive toward the goal
of resembling God. In the following verses, David CONCLUSION
specified how he resolved to do this. He would not
look with pleasure on things displeasing to God. Just as God answered the prayers of godly men of
When judging the people, he would not listen to any old, He will answer our prayers when we come to Him
who slandered their neighbors or were proud. Within in faith and submission.
his household and government (those who tarry in NOTES
my sight), he would not hire those who plotted or
lied, but would seek out people who were upright and
faithful. He would daily (an alternate translation of
early) seek out and punish those who committed
wicked acts within his kingdom.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS our church family, and those we work with or meet
along lifes way all should be told. We want the
Bless the Lord, O my soul, and forget not all his accounts of Gods faithfulness to live on! When I go
benefits. (Psalm 103:2) home to Heaven, I want someone to be able to say,
He is gone, but I remember him telling about how
How easy it is to forget details that once were he got saved. I remember hearing him recount times
important in our lives! A while back, I was trying to when God intervened in his life and answered specific
locate some maps my wife and I had brought with prayers. I want someone else to look at the blessings
us when we moved into our current home. As I went God gave me along my spiritual journey and be
through box after box searching for them, it was blessed.
like looking at an archeological dig of my life. One Let your family know! Let your fellow church
box had some cassette tapes that my wife and I were members know! Let your friends and acquaintances
given when we were attending birthing classes more know! It is a blessing to remember, and to rehearse to
than twenty-five years ago. There were certificates others what God has done in our lives.
of education and coursework that I had completed
at various times in my career. I even came across a
BACKGROUND
pair of gym shorts from my high school yearsit Psalm 102
was amazing how much they had shrunk! All of these The superscription for Psalm 102 is very different
items were part of my history, and they brought back from all other psalms. It makes no reference to
many memories. musical accompaniment, names no author, gives
In one of those boxes I found a copy of my no indication of the historical setting, and offers no
testimony which I had typed up right after I was saved instruction as to when or how it was to be presented.
in 1994. Reading it, I was surprised at how some of Within the context, verses 13-16, 20, and 22 could
the smaller details were already starting to escape me. imply that it was written during the period of Israels
Getting saved was the most momentous event of my exile. Although Bible scholars classify Psalm 102 as
life, yet some of the particulars were fading somewhat a penitential psalm, the author does not point to sin
in my memory. Yes, I could remember where and as the cause of his miseries, but rather, to his personal
when I prayed through, the day, and the circumstances circumstances and physical weakness. The psalm
which brought me to that point, but other details that includes clear references to the Messiah, so some
seemed unforgettable at the time were starting to expositors believe it is entirely prophetic, portraying
disappear. The fact is, with the passing of time, our the anguish of the suffering Christ.
memories dim. The psalmist enumerated his many complaints in
It is vital to preserve godly memories. Memories the first eleven verses of the psalm, listing a variety
give confidence and build trust. They are one of our of situations that brought pain. He was heart-broken,
best aids to heartfelt worship. When we recall and had a physical illness, felt lonely, and could not sleep.
rehearse the things God has done in the past, those He faced human opposition, was sorrowful, and most
memories become the foundation for believing that troubling of all, he felt God had deserted him.
He can take care of anything that comes our way in In verse 12, the focus shifts from the psalmists
the future. pitiful circumstances to what God can do: He will
Our focus verses reveal that the psalmist David hear and have compassion (verses 13, 17, 20) and will
clearly was aware of the importance of remembering restore (verses 16, 21). These verses are prophetic
Gods benefits. He went on to provide a list of specific as they were written for the generation to come
blessings that God bestows: pardon for sinfirst on (verse 18); the psalmists personal situation was not
his list, and obviously the most importanthealing, addressed directly. Instead, he looked forward to the
protection, provision of our needs, and assurance for day when God would hear the complaints of all His
the future. people, have compassion on them, and restore Zion
Along with remembering Gods blessings comes (Jerusalem).
the responsibility of passing on our memories. Once The prophetic portion of the psalm seems to point
we are gone from this life, our recollections of Gods to the Millennial Reign, based on the reference in
blessings will be gone as well unless we have passed verse 22 to the gathering together of the people. The
them on to others. Our children, our grandchildren, writer also spoke of the day when the current heavens
and earth will pass away and a new heaven and earth
will be created (verses 25-26). Verses 25-27 from the
Greek translation of the Old Testament are quoted in
Hebrews 1:10-12.
Psalm 103
Psalm 103, a composition of David, is a song
of praise to the covenant God of Israel. It has been
universally acclaimed for its beauty of expression.
Beginning and ending with the words, Bless the 2. The word translated destitute in Psalm 102:17
Lord, O my soul, it does not contain one sad or means stripped of all resources; poor. Why do
negative phrase in all its twenty-two verses. you think God particularly regards the prayer of the
This psalm is very personal. It is apparent that destitute?
David had experienced Gods goodness personally. It
is also universal in application; David made it known
that the goodness he had experienced was available
to all who fear God and keep His commandments
(verses 11, 17, and 18).
While Psalm 102 begins with a list of the
afflictions of man, Psalm 103 begins with the remedy
for those afflictions. The first five verses are a call
to worship God for the benefits He bestows on those
who serve Himbenefits which provide for all of 3. What are some ways we might go about cultivating
mans needs from spiritual to physical and emotional, and maintaining a spirit of gratitude for Gods
and which culminate in being crowned by Gods benefits?
lovingkindness (covenant love) and tender mercies
(intense compassion).
Verses 6-14 center on Gods great mercy
for sinners. Mercys dimensions are described
both vertically (as the heaven is high above the
earthverse 11) and horizontally (God removes
sin as far as the east is from the westverse 12).
The verb translated pitieth in verse 13 means to have
compassion. Verses 15-18 continue the focus on
mercy, pointing out that Gods mercy is eternal toward
those who fear Him and keep His commandments.
The psalm concludes with a grand finale of praise
and a call to all of creation to join in blessing God. CONCLUSION
Used by permission per WORDsearch Like David, we should purpose to remember
all that God has done in our lives. Godly memories
I. Book I (1:141:13) will be a strong foundation for the future, and are
II. Book II (42:172:20) something we can and should pass on to the next
III. Book III (73:189:52) generation.
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6) NOTES
A CLOSER LOOK
1. What are three of the afflictions that troubled the
author of Psalm 102? What are three of the benefits
David listed in Psalm 103?
DAYBREAK
Psalm 104:1-35
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS Along with all of nature, we benefit from what

God supplies. And of all Gods creatures, we are the
Bless the Lord, O my soul. O Lord my God, thou only ones who can fully appreciate and give God
art very great; thou art clothed with honour and praise and thanksgiving for His magnificent world.
majesty. Who coverest thyself with light as with Our debt of gratitude is great, so when we view the
a garment: who stretchest out the heavens like a wonders around us, let us pause and give praise to our
curtain. (Psalm 104:1-2) Creator!
Look at the sky, kids! Dad exclaimed, drawing BACKGROUND

our attention to the heavenly scene. Leaving our car Psalm 104
and heading toward the house after returning from Psalm 104 is the natural progression of the
church, we paused in the yard for as long as our little preceding psalm. While no title is given, it continues
fingers and toes could stand the cold and gazed at the in the same style as Psalm 103, beginning and ending
brilliant light show in the heavens. It was a cold, clear with, Bless the Lord, O my soul. It follows the same
autumn night, and the sky to the north was vibrantly themeblessing the Lord for His interaction with
alive with swirls of colora shining curtain of His creationalthough Psalm 103 focused on Gods
light that was never the same for more than a few interaction with man, while Psalm 104 focuses on
moments. Gods interaction with nature. The last verse of Psalm
This single detail of Gods creation, the aurora 103 provides the transition to this psalm in its closing
borealis (or Northern Lights), is caused by a statement: Bless the Lord, all his works in all places
complicated set of interactions between the solar wind of his dominion.
and earths magnetic field. The colors of the aurora Psalm 104 is a poetic account of creation that
range from white and yellow/green to purple/red hues. loosely follows the same outline as Genesis 1.
Its lights often shift and shimmer with a freedom However, instead of focusing on how God created, it
similar to sunlight on a rippling lake, as the auroras focuses on the relationship of God to His creation (His
arrive and depart in random fashion. Sometimes the works). For example, while Genesis 1:3 states, And
movement is stately and sometimes whimsical, but God said, Let there be light: and there was light,
every time it is impressive! On one occasion I saw a Psalm 104:2 says, Who coverest thyself with light as
steady display of magenta light in a single spot in the with a garment.
sky. My friends and I thought surely the Lord would The character of God is shown through this
return at any second through that beautiful splash of perspective of creation. Three attributes which
vibrant color. are unique to God stand out in this psalm: God is
The aurora borealis is still one of my favorite omnipotent (all-powerful), omniscient (all-knowing),
sights. I like to imagine God moving among its and omnipresent (present everywhere).
beautiful lights. Todays focus verses relate that God The omnipotence of God is brought out in verses
covers Himself with light as with a garment and is 1-9. This section of the psalm begins with, Thou
clothed with honour and majesty. When we read art very great, and emphasizes Gods greatness as
that He stretched out the heavens like a curtain, it is revealed through the first three days of Creation. In
not hard to picture Him moving between the shifting these verses, each of Gods created works is shown to
folds of glorious light and color in the aurora borealis! be subject to Him.
God is able to stand where nothing existson The next section of the psalm, verses 10-20,
ethereal, insubstantial clouds, vapor, and wind. He continues a focus on the third day of Creation and
laid the foundations of the earth in space, where into the fourth. It conveys the omniscience of God
there was nothing. He created this world with all its through the design that is seen in the natural world.
varied beauties in that void. Gods voice can control Water serves as an example of how nature works in
water and make it stand up or stay in its borders. He harmony: water nourishes the earth, which brings
appointed the moon for seasons, and created darkness, forth grass, which feeds the cattle and provides
when nocturnal creatures creep out. The earths foliage crops for man. This example also shows that God
grows as He sends rain and sunshine. The fowls of the has provided for every need of manwater, shelter,
air survive in the resulting treetops, the large beasts of and food. The latter verses of this section show that
the sea are fed by the bounty of the seas. everything created has a purpose. For example, the
trees provide habitation for birds, the hills serve as 2. What aspects of creation especially speak to your
a refuge for goats, and the moon is appointed for heart?
seasons.
Verses 21-35 highlight the omnipresence of God
through all creatures dependence upon Him. Living
creatures rely on God for their daily needsthese
wait all upon thee; that thou mayest give them their
meat in due season (verse 27), and are dependent
upon God for sustained life, for when He takest away
their breath, they die (verse 29).
In light of all that the psalmist had observed in
nature, he realized his need to give praise to God 3. What are some ways we can honor and praise God
as long as he lived. His oft-repeated injunction to for His creative powers?
Bless the Lord, O my soul changes to a new phrase
of thanksgiving: Praise ye the Lord. The original
Hebrew for this phrase is halelu-yah; this is the
first time the word hallelujah occurs in the Book of
Psalms.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
1. What are three of the ways God has provided for God designed the various elements of creation
the animals? (See verses 11, 12, 14, 17, 18, and 21.) to work together beautifully, and we are amazed,
captivated, and delighted with His handiwork.
NOTES
DAYBREAK
Psalm 105:1-45
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS purpose today to find that spirit of rejoicing as we

apply ourselves to seeking the face of God.
Glory ye in his holy name: let the heart of them
rejoice that seek the Lord. Seek the Lord, and his BACKGROUND
strength: seek his face evermore. (Psalm 105:3-4) Psalm 105
No author is cited for Psalm 105. However, at
Sometimes seeking becomes an urgent priority.
least the first portion may have been composed by
Recently when I came home one evening, my
David as the first fifteen verses are also found in
wife greeted me with the words, I have some bad
1 Chronicles 16:8-22, the psalm David delivered to
news for you. (A husband just loves to hear that!)
Asaph and his brethren on the day that the Ark
She went on, I lost a needle today. I think it is
of the Covenant was returned to the Tabernacle
somewhere in the master bedroomon your side of
tent in Jerusalem. It is unknown if David wrote the
the bed. It might be on the bed, or in the chair where
remainder of the psalm. The psalm is in the form of a
you read, or on the floor. I looked for it, but couldnt
hymn, and was probably used in the Temple worship.
find it. Well, it was fine that she had looked for the
In this psalm, the writer demonstrated Gods
needle, but I determined to find it. I wasnt going to
faithfulness and marvelous works by narrating a
wait until I located it with my bare foot!
historical account of Israels history from the time
I went to the bedroom and started my search,
of Abraham to the conquest of Canaan. Verses 7-22
carefully reaching down inside the edge of the
concern the patriarchs. God protected the patriarchs
cushion on my chair. No needle. I ran my hand
when they were few in number and strangers in
gently across the cover on the bed. No needle.
the land of Canaan. When the psalmist said God
Finally, I went out to the garage and got a flashlight,
reproved kings for their sakes (verse 14), he prob-
then put my nose right down on the carpet while
ably was referencing Pharoah (Genesis 12:14-20)
shining the light this way and that. It took a while,
and Abimelech (Genesis 20:1-16 and 26:6-11).
but at last a glimmer caught my eye. I had found the
Verses 23-26 describe the Israelites sojourn in
needle!
Egypt; the land of Ham mentioned in verse 23 is
In our focus verses, the psalmist instructs us
a poetic designation for Egypt. Verses 37-45 focus
to seek the Lord. In todays vernacular, to seek
on the Exodus from Egypt. Not one feeble person
means to go in search of. In the original Hebrew,
(verse 37) means that there were no stragglers; not
the word translated seek means to inquire for. Both
one Israelite was left behind in Egypt.
definitions are appropriate, and in both there is a
The psalmist made no mention in this psalm of
sense of the need to invest diligent effort.
Israels unfaithfulness to God. The question as to
We do not set ourselves to seek God because
why God was long-suffering to such a rebellious
He is in hiding or trying to get away from us. In one
people is found in the final verse: That they might
sense, we are always in Gods presence because if we
observe his statutes, and keep his laws. Pondering
are His children, He has said he would never leave us
such great mercy led the psalmist to conclude
or forsake us. We set ourselves to seek God because
the hymn with an expression of spontaneous
there are many distractions in the world around us.
thanksgiving: Praise ye the Lord.
It is easy to get sidetracked by duties and details that
occupy our time, and neglect the opportunitythe AMPLIFIED OUTLINE Hannahs Bible Outlines
all-important necessityof drawing nigh to God and

I. Book I (1:141:13)
communing with Him. The enemy of our souls will
II. Book II (42:172:20)
try to hinder us, and one area he will work on is our
prayer life. However, we can prevail! We can seek
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
the Lord with all of our hearts.
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
There is a great blessing in seeking God. The
psalmist said, Let the heart of them rejoice that A CLOSER LOOK
seek the Lord. Rejoicing is the natural result of
1. In verses 1-5, what are three of the specific
seeking Godeven if nothing visibly changes in
instructions the psalmist gave?
the circumstances around us, God promises that He
will reward those who diligently seek Him. Let us
2. Much of this psalm is an account of notable ways CONCLUSION
God worked in Israels history. What is the value in As we give concentrated attention to learning,
recounting spiritual blessings of the past? knowing, understanding, and communing with God,
we will find ourselves rejoicing in Him.
NOTES
3. Our focus verses instruct us to seek Gods face

evermore. In the original language, that word
implies both in continuance for an indefinite
extension and perpetually. What are some
reasons we should seek Gods face continually
and perpetually, even after we have an established
relationship with Him?
DAYBREAK
Psalm 106:1-48
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS His mercy permitted me to take work at a coal mining

camp in Harrisburg, Illinois. One evening as I came
Our fathers understood not thy wonders in out of the mines, I met a couple of Welshmen who
Egypt; they remembered not the multitude of thy invited me to a revival service. As I sat in the back
mercies; but provoked him at the sea, even at the of that meeting hall, God spoke to my soul. I was
Red sea. Nevertheless, he saved them for his names polluted by the powers of Hell and diseased from the
sake, that he might make his mighty power to be crown of my head to the soles of my feet, but thank
known. (Psalm 106:7-8) God, a lifeline was thrown out. At the close of that
service, I walked up the aisle and dropped on my
Just as God was merciful to Israel in spite of knees. There I made an unconditional surrender. God
the peoples repeated rebellion, He continues to call blotted out my sins and came into my life. He rescued
individuals who resist Him. Jim Parr was one who my Hell-deserving soul from a life of defeat, healed
experienced Gods mercy in that regard. He often my body, and made me a new creature. From the
related that he was the wayward one in his family. bottom of my heart I thank Him that He had mercy on
He would testify, I was a slave to a life of sin for my Hell-bound soul!
yearsthe terror of the community where I was Psalm 106 is a sad record of how Israel
brought up, a drunken miner in England, Scotland, remembered not the multitude of Gods mercies
and Wales. On Sundays you would find me gambling toward them but rebelled against Him. Jim Parr also
and drinking, trying to numb the pain inside. Jail bars spurned Gods mercy for a time. However, in both
failed to reform me. I even meditated upon committing cases, God continued to extend mercy that he might
suicide, but fear of Gods judgment stopped me from make his mighty power to be known. For thousands
taking my own life. Many times I nearly went into of years now, the Bible has made known the account
a devils Hell when the mines where I was working of Gods faithfulness to Israel. Jim Parr became a
would fall in, but I would just blaspheme Gods name. pioneer minister in the Apostolic Faith organization
I was in Wales during the Welsh revival from shortly after its founding in 1906, and testified until his
1904 to 1906, where one hundred thousand people death in 1949 of Gods faithfulness to him.
were converted in about two years, and witnessed Today, Gods mercy is still extended. The path
people being converted all around me. Some of those to God is still the same, regardless of the past or
people had been my drinking companions. They had what amount of spiritual light one has. If we have
prayer meetings fifteen hundred feet down in the experienced Gods love and forgiveness, our part is
mines but I would curse and swear and have nothing to to continue to make His mighty power known, and
do with them. At the same time, there was something encourage others to respond to Him.
in my heart that was hungering for reality.
One Sunday night I decided to attend a church BACKGROUND
where a Welsh man, Evan Roberts, was holding a Psalm 106
revival meeting. The church was packed so I went Psalm 106 is the closing psalm in Book IVa
across the street to a Salvation Army service. God section which began with Psalm 90. This psalm begins
was talking to me, and He put life and death before in a similar manner as Psalms 105 and 107; the words
me. However, I deliberately stepped out of that place O give thanks unto the Lord appear in the first verse
without yielding. of each. The three psalms are also similar in that each
The next day, three of us went shooting in the contains historical accounts of Israel.
mountains. As I was firing a gun, it broke apart and Psalm 106 offers a counterpart to Psalm 105.
shot my hand all to pieces. It was only the mercy of Whereas the previous psalm spoke of Gods
God that I was not killed, but I was in awful shape for faithfulness in keeping His covenant with Abrahams
about three months. I figured it was Gods judgment descendants, this psalm tells how the Jewish people
upon me because I did not yield my heart to Him. I broke their side of the covenant agreement through
made a vow during that time, saying, God, if You will repeated disobedience and unbelief. No author is cited,
spare my life, I will surrender to You. However, I did but the opening and closing verses of this psalm may
not keep that vow. indicate that it was written from exile by someone
After a couple of years, I decided to come to looking forward to the day when God would return
America. I worked in several places, and then God in His people to their land. The psalm is classified as a
personal lament. While Israels sins are recounted, a
recurring note throughout the psalm is the enduring
mercy of the Lord.
Psalm 106 opens with a call to worship and a
personal plea by the psalmist (verses 1-5). The main
body of the psalm (verses 6-39) details seven instances
when Israel rebelled against God: their murmuring
at the Red Sea, complaining about Gods provision, 3. In what circumstances has recalling past victories
insurrection against their God-appointed leaders, helped you through a challenge?
worship of the golden calf, unbelief and disobedience
when the spies gave their report of Canaan, joining
the heathen in idolatry, and unbelief at the waters
of strife (or Meribah). The psalm concludes with a
review of Gods repeated judgments and His great
mercy (verses 47-48), and a closing prayer and
doxology.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48) CONCLUSION
V. Book V (107:1150:6) Gods great mercy toward Israel in spite of their
A CLOSER LOOK repeated rebellion is also apparent when He continues
to deal with those who resist His call to salvation.
1. The words forget or remembered not are used
four times between verses 7 and 21. What are three NOTES
transgressions committed by the Israelites as a result
of their failure to remember Gods faithfulness to
them?
2. Idolatry was one of the transgressions for which

Israel was condemned in this psalm (see verses 28-38).
In what way might people be guilty of idolatry in our
day?
DAYBREAK
Psalm 107:1-43
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS wonderful works to the children of men. Clearly,

the psalmist understood that heartfelt gratitude is the
Oh that men would praise the Lord for his only appropriate response for the benefits God has
goodness, and for his wonderful works to the given to us.
children of men! (Psalm 107:8) God had bestowed multiple blessings upon the
Children of Israel: a homeland, freedom, health,
Several months ago I read an interesting protection, and provision of daily needs. These
book titled One Thousand Gifts. The author, Ann were granted out of Gods mercy, not because of
Voskamp, related how she had faced some tragic the Israelites goodness or wisdom. This is also true
situations in her life, and had many hidden fears. for those of us who have been born again. We did
Then a friend challenged her to write down one thing not deserve Gods mercy. And certainly the value
she was thankful for each day. At first Ann wondered of having our sins forgiven is beyond our ability to
if she could do it. Wouldnt she run out of reasons fathom! Let us praise God today, not only for the
for gratitude in a few weeks? And if she did think of temporal blessings He gives, but for His amazing and
something to write down every day, could that single merciful provision for our eternal well-being.
action possibly make a difference in her life? Still,
she agreed to give it a tryand what a discovery BACKGROUND
she made! Through the process of identifying Psalm 107
and noting reasons for thankfulness, she became Although closely related in theme and style to
more and more grateful. In the simple exercise of the two psalms preceding it, Psalm 107 opens Book
expressing gratitude for what she already had, she V, the final and longest section of Psalms. Most of
discovered the life shed always wanteda life full the psalms in Book V are oriented toward public
of thanksgiving and deep-seated joy. worship. This psalm highlights the providential
The dictionary defines the word grateful goodness of God towards the Israelites throughout
as warmly or deeply appreciative of benefits their history, and expressesperhaps in greater
received. Studying the word a bit more closely, detail than any other psalma belief in Gods
we find that gratitude is made up of three parts: intervention in the affairs of men. A stylistic shift
acknowledgement of the benefit, recognition of its occurs at verse 33, with the first portion being a
value, and an appreciation for the intent of the giver. thanksgiving and the second section, a wisdom
Although weve probably all been negligent hymn.
at times in voicing appreciation, gratitude is most Based on verse 3, this psalm was probably
beneficial when it is expressed. There is a great written after Israels return from Babylonian exile.
deal of focus in contemporary society on the The phrase a city of habitation (verse 7) could be
transformational power of appreciation. Countless translated as a place where they could establish
essays, articles, and books have been written on their homes.
the subject. Seminars and workshops have been Psalm 107 has the form of a poem in which each
held with the aim of helping people tap into the of its stanzas concludes with a refrain. The themes
positive emotional, psychological, and physical expressed are: God gave the Israelites a spiritual and
benefits resulting from verbalizing our gratitude. The physical home (verses 2-9); God delivered Israel
prevailing wisdom is that employers and employees, from spiritual and physical captivity (verses 10-
teachers and students, parents and childrenin 16); God healed and delivered the Israelites from
fact, individuals from the whole spectrum of human destruction (verses 17-22); God protects those at sea
relationshipsbenefit by thankfulness. during storms (verses 23-32); and God provides for
If it is important and beneficial to express mankinds needs (verses 33-42).
gratitude to those around us, consider how
important it is to express gratitude to God for His
immeasurable goodness! That is the point the I. Book I (1:141:13)

psalmist was making in todays focus verse. And II. Book II (42:172:20)
he did not state this truth just once: three more III. Book III (73:189:52)
times in this psalm he urged again, Oh that men IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
would praise the Lord for his goodness, and for his V. Book V (107:1150:6)
1. Verse 4 says the Israelites wandered in the Like the psalmist, we should also praise God for
wilderness in a solitary way. When they cried unto His bountiful mercy. Salvation is from God, and He
the Lord, by what way did He lead them? has given us many spiritual blessings. Our response
should be one of praise and glory to Him.
NOTES
2. Why do you think the phrase Oh that men

would praise the Lord for his goodness, and for his
wonderful works to the children of men! is repeated
four times?
3. How has someones testimony affected you?

DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS ministry that took her into more than sixty countries
in the next thirty-two years. She testified frequently
Give us help from trouble: for vain is the help of that their strength and courage came from the power of
man. Through God we shall do valiantly: for he it is GodHe was the divine Source which enabled them
that shall tread down our enemies. to endure and triumph over the evil of their enemies.
(Psalm 108:12-13) She was tireless in proclaiming the message that
Jesus is Victor!
During World War II, the compassionate and Though we may go through trials here in this
devout family of watchmaker Casper ten Boom life, God can give us strength and courage to do
provided refuge for people fleeing the Nazi secret valiantly in the face of every foe. Like Corrie and
police in Holland. A small secret area was created Betsie ten Boom, we can be confident that our ultimate
behind one wall of daughter Corries tiny bedroom on deliverance is sure!
the uppermost story of the family home. Access to this
thirty-inch deep hiding place was gained by crawling BACKGROUND
on hands and knees through a cupboards panel, which
Psalm 108
was carefully stained on the exterior to blend with its
Psalm 108 is comprised of the endings of two
surroundings. With ventilation to the outside, this tiny
previous psalms. Verses 1-5 are taken from Psalm
cubicle could temporarily hold a handful of refugees.
57:7-11, which tells of Davids determination to trust
Often as many as seven peopleJews and members
God while fleeing from King Saul in the desert of
of the Dutch undergroundwere housed in the ten
En- Gedi (1 Samuel 24). Verse 5, which concludes this
Boom home. The family and their associated contacts
portion, gives the purpose of this psalm: to exalt God
within the network of the Haarlem underground saved
with the highest praise and honor.
the lives of an estimated eight hundred Jews, and
Verses 6-13 are from Psalm 60:5-12, in which
protected many Dutch underground workers.
David expressed his confidence in Gods deliverance
Because of their involvement in sheltering
in spite of troubling military circumstances. (Compar-
enemies of the Third Reich, the ten Boom home was
ing the historical accounts in 2 Samuel 8:13-14,
raided in early 1944, and all members of the family
1 Kings 11:15-16, and 1 Chronicles 18:12-13 reveals
were imprisoned. When Corries eighty-four-year-old
that while David was fighting with his army in the
father was asked if he knew he could be killed for
north against the Ammonites and Syrians, he received
helping Jews, he replied, It would be an honor to
word that the Edomites had attacked their nation
give my life for Gods ancient people. He died after
from the south.) In verses 7-9, David related that God
only ten days in prison. Some family members were
had said He would conquer all the land of Canaan,
subsequently released, but Corrie and her sister, Betsie,
including the nations within (Shechem) and the
remained incarcerated. During their imprisonment they
nations without (Succoth). He had also said He
were moved to three different prisons, the last being
would bring back those who followed Saul (Gilead
the infamous Ravensbrck concentration camp near
and Manasseh), make Ephraim His army, and establish
Berlin, Germany.
Judah as the seat of His government. Moab would be a
While incarcerated, Corrie and Betsie shared
servant (one who washes feet), Edom a slave (one who
Gods love with their fellow prisoners, reading
carries shoes), and Philistia a trophy. In verses 10-13,
Scriptures and praying with them, and many were led
David acknowledged that such a victory could not be
to Christ. Through their spiritual focus and steadfast
accomplished by man alone, but he was certain that
commitment to God, the two encouraged their fellow
with Gods help, they would prevail.
prisoners and were able to avoid sinking to the level of
their captors. Psalm 109
Corrie and her sister proved the truth of Psalm 109 is a prayer ascribed to David, in which
our focus verse: that through God we shall do he asked God to defend him against his enemies and
valiantly. Although Betsie died at Ravensbrck, reward them according to their sinful deeds. It is
she never relinquished her trust in God. And Corrie dedicated to the chief Musician; the term natsach
survived.After her miraculous release, Corrie realized (translated as chief Musician) occurs in the titles of
that life was a gift, and she needed to share what she fifty-five psalms, all but two of which were authored
and Betsie had learned. She began an international by David.
Psalm 109 is the last of the imprecatory psalms, 2. In Psalm 109:21, how does the psalmist seek
and expresses special indignation against liars and justice?
slanderers. The background for this psalm is not
established, but it may have been Sauls persecution
of David instigated by Doeg, or Absaloms rebellion
and the treachery of Ahithophel. In either case, the
psalmists complaint clearly was set in historical
circumstances and was not just a general cry to God
for the punishment of the wicked.
The maledictions (curses or calling down of
judgment) in this psalm must be understood in context
of the Old Testament revelation of God and His ways, 3. Davids calls for vengeance against his enemies
compared to Christs New Testament teachings of love were based upon the Old Testament revelation of
and justice. For example, David asked in verse 6 that God and His ways. In the light of our New Testament
his enemy be ruled by a wicked man and that Satan dispensation and Christs teachings of love and justice,
would stand at his right hand, a position typically how should we treat those who falsely accuse or
taken by a trusted counselor or advisor. In verse 11, he persecute us?
pleaded that the extortioner would catch (or seize)
all that his enemy had. The statement that strangers
would spoil his enemys labor could be translated
plunder the fruits of his toil.
In verses 21-31, the psalmist turned from
contemplating vengeance upon his enemies to a
consideration of the goodness of God and his hope for
vindication. As is often the case in psalms of lament,
David ended with a vow to praise God, his great
Defender.

II. Book II (42:172:20)
III. Book III (73:189:52) We may encounter cruel people or face unjust
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48) persecution along lifes pathway. However, we
V. Book V (107:1150:6) know that God will mete out ultimate justice. In
the meantime, He can give us strength and grace to
A CLOSER LOOK endure!
1. In Psalm 108:1, what do you think the phrase My
heart is fixed means? NOTES
DAYBREAK

Psalm 110
Surely he shall not be moved for ever: the
Psalm 110 was written by David and is a
righteous shall be in everlasting remembrance. Messianic prophecy, a fact confirmed by Jesus himself
(Psalm 112:6) in Matthew 22:41-45. David foretold the day when
My parents are buried in a lovely cemetery that Christ would be resurrected from the dead, ascend to
is spread across rolling hills and surrounded by Heaven victorious over sin, and take a place of honor
beautifully manicured gardens. From time to time, my on the throne beside God to serve as King and High
brother and I go there to honor and reminisce about Priest for eternity. The psalm also alludes to the end of
our mom and dad. Recently we brought flowers they the tribulation period, when Christs people will come
both had loved. As I laid the blooms across the names forth arrayed in the beauty of holiness to willingly
on their tombstones, I thought of how insignificant my fight with Him.
offering seemed compared to the years they had put In verse 1, the phrase The Lord said unto my
into loving and caring for me. Lord could be translated Jehovah said unto Adonai
Throughout my parents lives, everything they (Adonai is the Hebrew word for any potentate).
did reflected Gods love. Psalm 112:9 commends the Since David was the ruler of Israel, his master or
good man who hath dispersed, he hath given to the potentate could only be the Messiah. The phrase
poor. That certainly could be said about my parents! until I make thine enemies thy footstool referred to
Kindness and generosity flowed from them. We lived a common practice in that era in which a conqueror
on a farm, so they gave produce and homegrown would place his foot on the neck of the one he had
vegetables to acquaintances with large families, defeated as a symbol of complete mastery.
people who had little or no income, and even to those This psalm is quoted more frequently in the New
they did not know who came to themno one was Testament than any other psalm.
ever turned away. The bushels of fruit and vegetables Psalm 111
they harvested each fall could never be compared to Psalm 111 is an acrostic psalm, with each
the bushels of love they willingly gave when they saw sentence beginning with the successive letter of the
a need. They labored hard to keep our family happy, Hebrew alphabet. Psalms 111 and 112 make up a pair,
healthy, and comfortable, but they were never too as they are parallel in both structure and theme: Psalm
busy to lend a helping hand to a neighbor. They taught 111 focuses on the character of God, while Psalm 112
us to work hard and to never give up when things did considers the character of a godly man. This psalm is
not go well. classified as a hymn of praise or thanksgiving.
In spiritual matters, my parents were examples The psalmist, who is not named, described Gods
as well. Mom and Dad held God in reverence, and works (or deeds) in a series of superlatives: they are
delighted in obeying His commandments and passing great, honorable, glorious, powerful, true,
them on to the next generations. They served the and fair. Throughout the psalm, he stressed that
Lord faithfully for many years, daily reading the Gods works would endure eternally, and therefore
Bible with us, and praying for each of their children. Gods praise would continue forever.
They especially loved their six granddaughters once
Psalm 112
they joined our family, and prayed for them daily
Psalm 112 was most likely written by the same
too. Though Mom and Dad are in Heaven now, they
person who wrote Psalm 111. It follows the same
are cherished in my memory and in the memories of
acrostic form; each psalm has ten verses with the first
many others as well. And as our focus verse indicates,
eight being couplets, and the last two being triplets.
I know that their generous and compassionate right-
Psalm 112 begins where Psalm 111 left off, with a
eousness will be kept in everlasting remembrance in
statement about the fear of the Lord. This psalm tells
the annals of Heaven.
of the blessings that result from following Gods
As we remember godly individuals who have
precepts. As with Psalm 111, no author is cited.
gone on before, let us purpose in our hearts to faith-
fully serve the Lord so that one day we can have a Psalm 113
part in Gods everlasting remembrance also, and dwell Like Psalms 111 and 112, Psalm 113 has no title,
eternally with Him. and the authorship is unknown. It is traditionally sung
by the Jewish people at the beginning of Passover.
This psalm is the first in a group of six (113-118)
known as the Egyptian Hallel, which are used as a
unit in synagogue worship on joyous occasions. (The
allusion to Egypt is based upon the opening verse of
Psalm 114.) Psalm 113 begins with an exhortation to
the servants of God to praise Him. The Hebrew word
halal, which means praise, is used seventy-six times
in the Book of Psalms. This likely was included in 3. Psalms 111, 112, and 113 all begin with the
the hymn sung by Christ and His disciples just before injunction, Praise ye the Lord. What are some ways
they went together to the Garden of Gethsemane (see we can praise God outside of church?
Matthew 26:30).
Psalm 114
As with other psalms in the Egyptian Hallel,
Psalm 114 is anonymous and no title is given. Psalm
114 highlights the power of God through the miracles
He did while delivering the Israelites from Egypt and
leading them to the Promised Land. Two specific acts
of deliverance are mentioned in verse 3: the parting
of the water at the Red Sea, and the later crossing of
Jordan into Canaan. The psalmist celebrated the fact
that even nature is subject to the commands of God.

CONCLUSION
I. Book I (1:141:13) Even when the memory of godly people fades
II. Book II (42:172:20) on this earth, their remembrance in Heaven is truly
III. Book III (73:189:52) everlasting. Their righteousness and reward will
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48) endure forever!
V. Book V (107:1150:6) NOTES
A CLOSER LOOK
1. Which of the Psalms in todays text describes
Israels exodus from Egypt?
2. Psalm 112 says, Blessed is the man that feareth

the Lord. How might a proper reverence and awe of
God show itself in our daily actions?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS Yes, we miss those who step from our sight into
the world beyond. We will grieve our loss; that is to
Precious in the sight of the Lord is the death of be expected. However, as we prayerfully study what
his saints. (Psalm 116:15) the Word says about the departure of the godly, we
will find comfort. The sting of death is gone when we
John Clasper, known to many as Brother Scotty, contemplate the joy that awaits those who are faithful!
was a beloved minister in the Apostolic Faith work.
When he was about to pass into eternity, the nurse in BACKGROUND
attendance asked if she could do anything for him. He The two psalms in todays text are the middle two
said, Just roll back the roof, and let me go! There in a group of six (113-118) that are called The Hallel
was no fear in his heart as he approached the end of or the Egyptian Hallel. (The allusion to Egypt is based
life on earth. upon the opening verse of Psalm 114.) The word
Many people shrink from the thought of death, halal means praise. Psalms 115 and 116 may have
viewing it with apprehension or even fear. As humans, been part of the hymn that Jesus and His disciples
we contemplate death from an earthly perspective. sang following the Last Supper, just before going to
However, our focus verse indicates that from the Gethsemane (see Matthew 26:30).
viewpoint of Heaven, the death of a saint is not
Psalm 115
troubling, tragic, or terrible. Rather, God regards
As with other psalms in the Egyptian Hallel,
that moment as precious. In the original Hebrew, the
Psalm 115 is anonymous and no title is given. The
word precious means valuable; prized. In other
theme of this psalm contrasts the greatness of God
Scriptures, the same word is translated honorable.
with the inefficacy of the idols of the heathen.
What a comforting perspective!
Psalm 115 begins by glorifying God, even though
The statement in the sight of the Lord infers
unbelievers had scoffed, Where is now their
that a dying saint is an object of special notice to
God? (verse 2). Three groups of people were
God. While we know that the eyes of the Lord are
addressedthe people of Israel (verse 9), the priests
always upon His children, it appears that at death, He
(house of Aaron in verse 10), and ye that fear the
observes and cares for the saint of God in a special
Lord (verse 11). The latter may have meant Gentiles
manner. This is one of His redeemeda member of
who had converted to Judaism, or the Jewish people
His Body and an individual who is loved intensely!
who were wholeheartedly devoted to God. The
Because he is precious to the Lord, his death is
psalmists overriding desire was for God to prove His
precious as well.
existence so that the heathen would have no basis for
Perhaps another reason God views the death of a
their derisive taunts. In the final verses, he called upon
saint as being precious is the fact that it brings to an
Israel to trust in God as their help and shield.
end the individuals trials and sufferings. Those who
step into eternity are forever free of the assaults of the Psalm 116
enemy. They emerge from the shadows of this world Psalm 116 is written in the first person and is
into the glorious brightness of Gods presence, and the testimony of someone who had been near death.
from temporary residence on earth into the eternal It was probably included with the hymns for public
home that He has prepared especially for them. When worship because many people can identify with the
viewed from that perspectivethat the child of God experiences of the author. The authors reference to
is home at last, safe from danger, and free of all pain the sacrifice of thanksgiving and his pledge to pay
and sufferingit is perfectly understandable that the my vows (verses 17-18) may indicate that the setting
Lord regards that moment as precious. was the giving of a thank offering for deliverance
We also know that the Lord delights in having His from the affliction described in the first verses of the
people with Himself. He prayed to the Father while on psalm.
earth that those who had been given Him would be In verses 1-9, the writer expressed praise and
with me where I am; that they may behold my glory love for God because He had answered prayer and
(John 17:24). When a child of God gains entrance into provided deliverance. Verse 8 specifically mentions
Heaven, Christ sees an answer to that prayer and is three ways God had delivered: the soul from death,
glad. Think of the joy of the Lord as He receives His eyes from tears, and feet from falling. There was a
cherished loved onesHis beloved treasure! spiritual battle involved with this writers experience;
though his faith had been assailed, he had remained 3. Psalm 115:12 says, The Lord hath been mindful
steadfast. The phrase All men are liars (verse 11) of us. In what ways has God proved that He is
likely meant that all his friends and associates had mindful of you?
failed him. However, he determined to set aside his
concern over the failure of men, and consider how
he could repay God (verses 12-14). In the closing
verses, the psalmist proclaimed his grateful resolution
to devote his renewed strength to Gods service and
worship.

I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6) CONCLUSION
Believers are dearly beloved by God, and He
A CLOSER LOOK regards the time when they are called from this world
1. According to Psalm 116:1, why did the psalmist into His presence as a notable and precious event.
love the Lord? NOTES
2. In Psalm 116:17, the psalmist mentions the

sacrifice of thanksgiving. What are some sacrifices of
thanksgiving that we might offer to the Lord?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS Psalm, which is very little in its letter, is exceedingly

large in its spirit; for, bursting beyond all bounds of
This is the day which the Lord hath made; we will race or nationality, it calls upon all mankind to praise
rejoice and be glad in it. (Psalm 118:24) the name of the Lord.1 The content is prophetic,
pointing ahead to the time when Jesus will come to
It was the day after Thanksgiving and I was tired. save all people. The phrase all ye nations in verse 1
My head was throbbing, and adding to my woes, I is translated in other places as Gentiles; a different
discovered the drain for the kitchen sink had plugged, Hebrew word is used in the phrase all ye people.
creating a pool of dirty water several feet wide in the The Apostle Paul referred to verse 1 in Romans 15:11.
basement. What a mess! It took way too many trips
up and down stairs, three excursions to the hardware Psalm 118
store, and five hours of precious time to get that issue Psalm 118, another song of worship and praise,
resolved. is the final psalm in the Egyptian Hallel. Some
Just a few days earlier, I had read our focus verse scholars believe this Psalm was used at the Feast of
from Psalm 118. As I mopped up pools of water and Tabernacles. Its design indicates that portions of it
battled mounting frustration, the thought came to me: were used as a litany, where a leader recited a phrase
How can I rejoice and be glad in a day like this? As and the choir or congregation responded.
I worked, the Holy Spirit began to remind me of some The first four verses urge the giving of thanks to
of the things God has promised through His Word. God for His enduring mercy. The groups addressed
I thought about His lovethat He has pledged to are the same as those mentioned in Psalm 115: all the
love me with an everlasting love. Proof of His love is Nation of Israel, the priests, and the devout (those who
that He sent His Son to be my Savior. I pondered His fear the Lord).
promise to never leave me or forsake me. Yes, that Verses 5-14 declare how God had helped and
would include a day like this one, when everything strengthened His people. Verse 14 is a quote from
seemed to go wrong! I truly wanted God to show me Exodus 15:2, the Song of Moses. The gates of
how to be joyful in spite of depressing circumstances, righteousness and This gate of the Lord in verses
and as I thought about that, I recalled His promise to 19-20 probably refer to the gates of the Temple where
instruct me and teach me in the way which I should go. the Israelites went to worship God.
The soggy mess in our basement didnt In verses 22-24 the writer referred to the Messiah
miraculously evaporate, and I was really tired when who would come to the Jewish people. The New
the clean-up task was eventually accomplished. Testament contains four references to verses 22-23
However, I ended my day with a renewed appreciation (Matthew 21:42, Mark 12:10-11, Luke 20:17, and 1
for the truth of Gods Word and the reality of His care Peter 2:7). Some scholars believe verse 23 relates to
for me. Focusing on Him instead of my woes made all the miracle of the Resurrection, and verse 24 can be
the difference! interpreted to mean the day Jesus arose.
That experience taught me that if we want to The final passage, verses 25-29, combines prayer
follow the psalmists example and purpose to rejoice and thanksgiving. Verse 26 was quoted on Palm Sunday
in every day that the Lord grants us, He will help us when Jesus rode into Jerusalem (see Mark 11:9).
do so. The source of our joy does not depend upon our AMPLIFIED OUTLINE Hannahs Bible Outlines
circumstances, our physical state, or our feelings. We
find our reason to rejoice in God. If we look to Him, I. Book I (1:141:13)
He will give us grace to meet whatever challenges II. Book II (42:172:20)
come our way. God is with us, and He is completely III. Book III (73:189:52)
aware of our situation. And for that reason, every day IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
of our walk with God can be one of rejoicing! V. Book V (107:1150:6)
BACKGROUND A CLOSER LOOK

1. In the first four verses of Psalm 118, the psalmist
Psalm 117
pointed to an attribute of God as a reason for
Psalm 117 is the shortest chapter in the Bible, but
thanksgiving. What is that attribute?
it contains a great deal of meaning. Noted preacher
and author Charles Spurgeon (1834-1892) said, This
CONCLUSION
God has given us reasons to rejoice in Him, even
when the circumstances of life are no source of joy!
NOTES
2. In Psalm 118:12, the psalmist said his enemies were
like bees, rather than a ferocious animal like a bear
or lion. What do you think this way of describing his
enemies signified?
3. The literal meaning of the Hebrew word distress in

Psalm 118:5 is tight. How has the Lord delivered
you from a tight spot when you called upon Him?
1. King James Bible Commentary, (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1999), page 642.
DAYBREAK
Psalm 119:1-40
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS and its danger often unrecognized. Money can

easily become more than just a benign medium of
Incline my heart unto thy testimonies, and not to exchangeit can become a god that bids us worship
covetousness. (Psalm 119:36) it! And covetousness can encompass far more than
just monetary wealth; it can be an inordinate desire
Covetousnessa greedy, acquisitive, avaricious for another persons possessions, property, or even
love of moneyis an insidious evil. To many another persons spouse.
individuals who build their lives around acquiring Let us purpose to make spiritual values
and accumulating wealth, money represents success, paramount in our lives, and be sure we do not open
power, and prestige; to others, it represents security. the door to covetousness.
John G. Wendel and his sisters may have been in
the latter category, although no one knows for sure. BACKGROUND
Whatever their reasons, they are considered to be Psalm 119, Stanzas 1-5
among the most tight-fisted people of all time. The author of Psalm 119 is unknown. Many of
Each of the Wendel children received a huge the stanzas have a Davidic tone, and some references
inheritance from their parents real estate ventures in the psalm could be associated with events in
(the family wealth in the early 1900s was estimated Davids life. However, contemporary scholarship
at $50 million), but they hoarded what they had suggests it was likely composed sometime after the
and spent only what was absolutely necessary to construction of the second Temple in Jerusalem in
maintain life. They shunned society and lived like 515 B.C. The best evidence for this conclusion is
paupers on the most expensive residential property linguistic: Psalm 119 uses late Biblical Hebrew, as
in New York City, making virtually no improvements opposed to the classical form of the language.
to their dwelling. Spouses could have meant a Psalm 119 is both the longest psalm and the
dispersal of the family fortune, so John and five of longest chapter in the entire Bible; it is also the most
his six sisters remained single. They never took a intricate of Biblical acrostic poems. It is divided into
streetcar or rode in a taxi. They walked to business twenty-two stanzas, each comprised of eight verses
appointments wheresurrounded by the twenty or and titled with successive letters of the Hebrew
more safety deposit boxes containing deeds to their alphabet. In the original Hebrew, each of these verses
propertiesthey discussed financial matters with begins with the same letter as the stanza title.
the executive who handled their affairs. As the years Although each stanza has a different emphasis,
passed and the siblings died one by one, each left they are connected by a central theme: appreciation
their portion to the survivors in the family. When the for the Law of Godspecifically the torah which
last sister died in 1931, her estate was valued at more is a Hebrew word referring to the will of God as it
than $100 million. Her only dress was one that she was made known to Israel. Every verse, with the
had made herself, and she had worn it for twenty-five exception of verses 122 and 132, contains a reference
years. to Gods Law in one or more of the following words:
The author of our key verse recognized the commandments, judgments, law, precepts,
danger of covetousness; he prayed that God would statutes, testimonies, ordinances, way,
incline his heart toward Gods Law rather than truth, and word. Todays text covers the first five
toward material gain. He regarded the love of money stanzas: Aleph, Beth, Gimel, Daleth, and He.
as a lure which could potentially entice his heart In the first stanza, Aleph, the psalmist spoke of
away from God.To emphasize the request made in the blessings of salvation and obedience to Gods
our key verse, he followed it by entreating, Turn Law. Beth focuses on how being obedient to Gods
away mine eyes from beholding vanity [or worthless Word can help maintain salvation. In the third stanza,
things], and quicken thou me in thy way (Psalm Gimel, the psalmist encountered adversity and at
119:37). He clearly knew that obedience and love for first longed for Gods Law, and then took refuge in
Gods Law are more valuable than the wealth of this it; he may have been in exile when it was written.
world. Daleth, the fourth stanza, relates to the conversion
The covetousness alluded to in our focus verse is of the psalmist and his subsequent inclination
no less a peril in our day than it was three thousand towards Gods Law. He, the fifth stanza, describes his
years ago. The desire to acquire wealth is subtle, willingness to learn of Gods Law.
Used by permission per WORDsearch 3. Other than salvation, what are some of the
blessings we receive when we seek God with all of
I. Book I (1:141:13)
our hearts?
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A. Psalm 119
1. Aleph (119:1-8)
2. Beth (119:9-16)
3. Gimel (119:17-24)
4. Daleth (119:25-32)
5. He (119:33-40)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. In verse 9, how did the psalmist say that a young
man could cleanse his way? CONCLUSION
The psalmist asked God to help him withstand
the lure of prosperity, and instead to value Gods
Law. That is still a good prayer for us to pray.
NOTES
2. What do you think the psalmist meant in verse 19

when he said, I am a stranger in the earth?
DAYBREAK
Psalm 119:41-88
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS direct opposition for our faith. But make no mistake,
there is a battle going on! The combat may not be
Let thy mercies come also unto me, O Lord, even visible, but Satan is always trying to pull us away
thy salvation, according to thy word. So shall I from our commitment to God. Like the psalmist who
have wherewith to answer him that reproacheth authored our focus verses, we must depend upon
me: for I trust in thy word. (Psalm 119:41-42) Gods mercies and strength from Him in order to
withstand our spiritual enemy. As we fill our lives
When we lean upon God and put our trust in with His Word and obey His precepts, we can stay
His Word, He gives us courage to face those who true in spite of all oppositionwhether seen or
reproach us for our faith. A brother in our Lagos unseen!
church is one of the many who have experienced
how God supports His own in the face of opposition. BACKGROUND
Brother Babatope Makun, known to his friends as Psalm 119, Stanzas 6-11
T-Mak, relates how he was saved as a nine-year-old Todays text is the second portion of Psalm 119,
boy. However, very soon after his conversion, he the longest of all the Psalms and the most intricate in
faced a tremendous spiritual challenge. style. As with the first five stanzas, these six contain
T-Maks father had been exposed to religious eight verses each, are titled with consecutive letters
teaching but had become disillusioned because he of the Hebrew alphabet, and continue the theme of
did not find the truth. He moved his family to a rural appreciation for Gods Law. The sections covered in
area, and there came in contact with people from the this portion of text are Vau, Zain, Cheth, Teth, Jod,
Apostolic Faith who gave him some Gospel literature. and Caph.
Impressed by what he read, he attended their church In stanza six, Vau, the psalmist reflected upon
services and was saved. Not long after, T-Mak was one who reproached him because of his love for God;
also saved. through the Word of God he found help and guidance
Unexpectedly, T-Maks father died just six months to face his revilers. The theme of these verses is being
after he had given his heart to God. It fell to T-Maks unashamed of Gods Law.
elder brother, who was not a believer, to assume In the next stanza, titled Zain, the psalmist
responsibility for the household. This brother would told how Gods Law brought comfort during times
have nothing to do with the church, and he told T-Mak of distress. When he was afflicted and fearful, he
that he could no longer attend worship services. In looked to Gods Law for hope, comfort, and stability.
fact, he issued an ultimatum: either T-Mak would give One way in which he comforted himself during his
up attending church or his education would not be spiritual journey was to put Gods laws to music and
paid for. That was a very serious matter, as a child sing them.
obviously would have no way to obtain funds for In the stanza titled Cheth, the psalmist showed the
schooling on his own. effects of salvation and Gods Law on his behavior.
However, God gave T-Mak courage. He related, He said when he considered the way he was living
The song says, I will serve Thee because I love and turned toward God, God became his inheritance.
Thee and that is my testimony. As a small boy, I His immediate obedience to Gods Law brought
couldnt really explain what I was doing, but I knew stability, a desire to be around godly people, and
that for all the pressure that was on me, the Lord a hunger for instruction. The phrase bands of the
drew my heart close to Him. T-Mak chose to stand wicked (verse 61) is a figure of speech based upon
firm in the face of his brothers opposition, and the practice of snaring game in a noose.
continued to worship the One who had saved his soul. Teth focuses on the disciplinary value of
Miraculously, God provided for T-Maks schooling. affliction. In this group of verses, the psalmist
Today, he serves the Lord as assistant youth leader expressed an appreciation for Gods Word after being
and youth music leader in our Lagos church. He restored to God. Affliction had taught him obedience.
says, God has led me step by step. I have had a very The phrase as fat as grease (verse 70) is a metaphor
tremendous time worshiping the Lord, and I intend to expressing that the proud (or godless) individuals
serve Him until I die. were as dull or insensible as lard.
We may never be called upon to make a decision In the stanza titled Jod, the psalmist continued
like the one T-Mak made. In fact, we may never face the theme of the benefits accrued through affliction.
He acknowledged that God had a right to allow 3. How do you think the concept stated in verse 71
the affliction, and had done so out of faithfulness. could help you in a time of affliction?
He found comfort and joy in the divine Word, and
concluded with a plea that his heart would be sound
(or healthy) due to his obedience.
Caph centers on support under pressure. In it, the
psalmist described how he had clung to Gods Law
during extreme distress caused by people plotting
against him. Though he waited for an answer so long
that he became disheartened, instead of forsaking or
forgetting Gods Word, he continued to hope in it.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
When we face opposition to our faith, we must
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
depend upon the mercies of our loving God, and rely
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
on Him for the courage and wisdom to stand for the
A. Psalm 119
truth.
6. Vau (119:41-48)
7. Zain (119:49-56) NOTES
8. Cheth (119:57-64)
9. Teth (119:65-72)
10. Jod (119:73-80)
11. Caph (119:81-88)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. In the stanza titled Zain, what did the psalmist say
he remembered in the night?
2. What do you think the psalmist meant in verse 45

when he spoke of walking in liberty?
DAYBREAK
Psalm 119:89-136
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS it giveth understanding unto the simple [those who are
teachable]. The Bibles pages are filled with numerous
The entrance of thy words giveth light; it giveth examples of those who successfully traveled the road
understanding unto the simple. (Psalm 119:130) to the high country of Gods will and blessing.
We can do the same, as we rely upon the Word for
While visiting a small town on the picturesque guidance, and apply its precepts to our daily tasks and
Southern Oregon Coast, my wife and I decided to concerns.
travel a different road back over the mountains to our
home. Though the coastline offers many gorgeous BACKGROUND
scenic vistas, the high country has its own type Psalm 119, Stanzas 12-17
of beauty, and enjoying the scenery and the fresh These six stanzas continue in the same pattern as
mountain air in that area seemed like a nice way to the previous stanzas of Psalm 119; they contain eight
conclude our trip. We knew it would be necessary to verses each, are titled with consecutive letters of the
get proper directions, so we stopped to speak to an Hebrew alphabet, and carry the theme of appreciation
elderly gentleman who we supposed to be a resident of for and reliance upon Gods Law. The titles in this third
the area. section are Lamed, Mem, Nun, Samech, Ain, and Pe.
When we asked about the road which winds In the stanza titled Lamed, the focus is the
through a rugged river canyon and up over a mountain unchanging permanence of Gods Word. The psalmist
pass, we were surprised by his reply. That route was recounted that he had found earthly perfection was
one to be avoided, he warned usit was a very limited, but Gods Word knows no bounds. It will last
problematic stretch to traverse. He stated we should forever because just as God established the earth and
not even think about attempting it without a four-wheel caused it to remain, He has appointed His Word to do
drive vehicle with plenty of clearance underneath. His the same.
reason was that part way up the canyon we would have Mem addresses how Gods Law imparts wisdom
to cross the river at a point where no bridge existed. and understanding to the obedient. The key point is
By that time my wife and I were envisioning getting that more spiritual insight will be gained from it than
stuck in the river, maybe having to swim outand from instruction by others, however brilliant it may
then what? As the man went on painting a grim picture be. The psalmist pointed out that knowing the Word of
of the road, though, he made a statement that really God restrained him from every evil way.
caught our attention: he had never traveled through the In the stanza titled Nun, the psalmist focused on
area himself. His information was based solely on what the concept that the Word is light. Though surrounded
had been told him by someone else! by bleak circumstances, he determined to keep Gods
Thanking him politely, we decided to go where Law. The psalmist may have been in exile and unable
we could find someone who had traveled that road to make a physical sacrifice when these words were
and was personally familiar with the areathe local written.
sheriffs office. The information we received there Samech is a comparison of the way of life to the
was completely different! The deputy gave us good way of death. In it, the psalmist demonstrated that
directions and informed us that even though the road God is a refuge for those who love His Law and are
had many curves, it was well-maintained and had obedient to it. The statement that God has trodden
much to offer the traveler. We were encouraged to down the wicked (verse 118) literally means He
enjoy our trip. This source of information was one caused them to be set at nought or come to
of authority: he had driven that road many times and nothing.
knew everything about it. In the stanza titled Ain, the psalmist testified to
Maintaining a correct spiritual course can be his loyalty to Gods Word, though surrounded by
only as effective as the source from which we get our oppression and tribulation. He pleaded with God
directions. We should not be alarmed by the negative to take action against those who ignored His Law,
viewpoints of those who have never followed Gods but said he would submit to His will no matter the
way. Rather, we must look to the ultimate directional outcome.
resource: the Word of God. The concluding stanza of this section of text, titled
In our key verse, the psalmist stated, The entrance Pe, highlights freedom in the light of the Law. The
of [unfolding or exposition of] thy words giveth light; psalmist thirsted after Gods Law, and asked God to
help him keep the Law by guiding him, shielding him 3. Like the psalmist, we need the desire and
from temptation, delivering him, and blessing him. understanding to apply Scripture to our own lives.
Verse 132 is one of only two verses in Psalm 119 that What are some principles related to Bible study that
bears no reference to Gods Law. In it, the author asked can help us in that quest?
God to answer his prayers as had been done for others
in the past.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A. Psalm 119
12. Lamed (119:89-96)
13. Mem (119:97-104)
14. Nun (119:105-112) CONCLUSION
15. Samech (119:113-120) The Bible is our source of direction, but it can
16. Ain (119:121-128) only guide us if we know what it says and obey it. The
17. Pe (119:129-136) psalmist received guidance through reading, obeying,
A CLOSER LOOK and meditating on Gods Word. If we follow his
example, we will reach our goal.
1. According to the stanza titled Mem, the psalmist
studied and applied Gods Law to gain wisdom and NOTES
understanding. How does the act of obeying Gods
Law make one wiser?
2. In the stanza titled Samech, what did the psalmist

say God was to him?
DAYBREAK
Psalm 119:137-176
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS death, his commander stated: Moiseyev died as a

Christian.
Many are my persecutors and mine enemies; yet We do not know precisely what persecution the
do I not decline from thy testimonies. psalmist endured, but we do know that like Vanya,
(Psalm 119:157) he did not turn away from God. In our focus verse
he declared, Many are my persecutors and mine
Ivan Moiseyevor Vanya, as he was called enemies; yet do I not decline from thy testimonies.
by his friendsentered the Soviet Army in 1970 The Bible abounds with accounts of those who faced
at the age of eighteen to fulfill his two-year term of tremendous opposition, yet stood true. As we read of
required military service. Though he had been taught Gods faithfulness to His own, we are encouraged and
Communist philosophy and atheistic beliefs in school, strengthened. We can learn from their examples that
Vanyas parents were Christians, and in his teen years when we take a stand for Christ, He will be with us.
he had been wonderfully saved. From that point on, And whether our deliverance comes in this life or the
he was sold out to God, fearlessly sharing Gods love next, ultimate victory will be ours!
with others whenever he had an opportunity. Even in
the military he openly spoke of his faith, an action BACKGROUND
which was forbidden under the atheistic regime. Psalm 119, Stanzas 18-22
Consequently he was often punished and persecuted Continuing in the same pattern as the previous
by his supervisors. sections of Psalm 119, these five concluding stanzas
On one occasion, Vanya was punished for contain eight verses each, are titled with successive
sharing Gods Word with several soldiers. He was letters of the Hebrew alphabet, and have a central
forced to stand outside his barracks for the whole theme of appreciation for Gods Law. The sections
night wearing only his lightweight summer uniform, covered in this portion of text are Tzaddi, Koph, Resh,
though the temperature was thirteen degrees below Schin, and Tau.
zero. As he stood there hour after hour, he prayed for In the stanza titled Tzaddi, after the eighteenth
his persecutors and quoted Scripture. Miraculously, letter of the Hebrew alphabet, the psalmist proclaimed
he did not freeze to death. But his ordeal was not the righteousness, purity, and truth of Gods Law. He
overthe same punishment continued for twelve concluded that understanding it was the very basis of
more nights! Throughout that excruciating time, his life.
Vanya did not freeze, beg for mercy, or renounce God. The emphasis of the stanza titled Koph is that
Afterward, though he knew further punishment through the truth of Gods Word, trouble can be
was certain, Vanya continued to share his faith. His overcome. The psalmist stood on the promises of God
commanders tried to get him to deny Jesus but he when he was in peril, and Gods Law sustained him.
would not turn his back on his Savior. At one point he Resh records the psalmists prayer for revival
told his interrogators, I have one higher allegiance, and deliverance. The phrase quicken me (to make
and that is to Jesus Christ. He has given me certain alive or revive) is repeated three times in these
orders, and these I cannot disobey. The persecution eight verses. Though embattled and persecuted by his
intensified. Vanya was put in refrigerated cells enemies, the psalmist held fast to his loyalty to the
for long periods of time. Food was withheld from Law of the Lord.
him. He was placed in a cell where icy water from In the stanza titled Schin, the topic is the paradox
overhead pipes rained on him continually. Time after of peace in the midst of persecution and turmoil. The
time, God brought him through and gave him strength psalmist said he praised God seven times a day
and courage for the next round. (a poetic expression for continually) for Gods
Ultimately, Vanya gave his life for his faith. righteous judgments because they brought him great
Shortly before his deathseemingly knowing that peace and stability.
it was imminenthe wrote to his family, You will The final stanza, Tau, is a prayer for help and
not see me anymore. He then described a vision of guidance. The psalmist pleaded, Let thy judgments
angels and Heaven which God had sent to strengthen help me (verse 175), and rehearsed the blessings
him for the last trial. Because of his ardent testimony that can be attained through Gods Law. Because he
and his faithfulness in standing for his beliefs, many obeyed the Law and delighted in it, he was assured
of his military comrades were converted. After his that God would extend help.
Used by permission per WORDsearch 3. In verse 165, the psalmist pointed to what is
necessary in order to have great peace. What are
I. Book I (1:141:13)
some steps we can take to cultivate that state of mind
II. Book II (42:172:20)
and spirit?
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A. Psalm 119
18. Tzaddi (119:137-144)
19. Koph (119:145-152)
20. Resh (119:153-160)
21. Schin (119:161-168)
22. Tau (119:169-176)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. In the stanza titled Tzaddi, what did the psalmist
say he needed in order to live? Why do you think he
felt this acquisition was so vital? CONCLUSION
When we look to God, He can and will give us
courage to stand up for Him and cling to our faith in
spite of persecution.
NOTES
2. Verse159 reminds us that as we serve the Lord from

day to day, we need His quickening in our souls. What
does the word quicken mean in this verse?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS grief, or various other difficulties. When it does, like

the psalmist, we can cry out to the Lord. God is the
In my distress I cried unto the Lord, and he heard same as He was when these Scriptures were written.
me. (Psalm 120:1) He is listening when we pray. Often in the past He
has answered for us, and we can remember how He
Occasionally a pleasant event is interrupted by bad
has helped others. God will help with our distressing
news, and in just a matter of minutes we find ourselves
situations when we trust and wait on Him.
feeling burdened and distressed instead of happy and
excited. At such times, our instinct as Christians is to BACKGROUND
turn to God in prayer.
The fifteen psalms from 120 to 134 are each
I had that experience a couple of years ago when
classified as A Song of Degrees. The word degrees
a friend and I were about to leave Florida on a Gospel
means goings-up, steps, and ascents. While the
cruise to the Bahamasa longtime dream that had
reason for this classification is unknown, several
become a reality for me. After boarding our ship and
possible explanations have been suggested. One is that
having a wonderful lunch on the deck, I called my
the title indicated the style in which these psalms were
family one last time before our ship sailed from port.
written, with one thought building upon another, or a
Expecting good wishes, what I heard instead was that
musical style that is now unknown. Another possibility
a serious problem had arisen in my family on the West
is that these psalms were sung by the Israelites as they
Coast. I was on the other side of the country, our cruise
ascended the hill of Jerusalem or climbed the steps
ship was pulling out momentarily, and even if I had
of the Temple to worship God during national feasts.
been home, I would not have been able to change the
Whatever the reason for the superscription, these
situation. All I could do was tell them I would pray.
psalms are concise and descriptive.
As our ship left Jacksonville, my friend and I went
up to one of the decks to listen to the music being Psalm 120
performed, but my joy and excitement about the cruise In Psalm 120, the writer lamented that he lived
was gone. I hardly heard the songs because of my among people who deceived and slandered, and he
distress about the situation at home. Throughout the requested Gods deliverance. Juniper wood (coals of
evening, the excellent music continued, but my heart juniper) put off intense heat and burned for a long
was focused on pouring out my concerns to God. time, so weapons made with its charcoal were fierce.
The next morning, still feeling burdened, I went When the psalmist said he lived among Mesech and
to breakfast and then to hear another of the quartets Kedar, he may have been speaking figuratively of
on board perform. The lyrics of the first song that being a wanderer, for people of Kedar were Arabic
group sang were, Calvary wins again, hallelujah! nomads. He may also have meant that those around
Calvary wins again, praise His Name. As I listened, him were warlike and cruel.
my burden began to melt away and peace flooded
Psalm 121
through me. The Lord had heard me in my distress!
The key thought of Psalm 121 is the concept of
An assurance slowly arose in my heart that He was on
being kept by God. From whence cometh my help
the scene and would be watching over the situation
could be considered a question, which is answered by
I could do nothing about. The rest of my cruise was
the next phrase, from the Lord. The psalmist knew
amazing and left me feeling refreshed and renewed.
that God, who made all things, would watch over His
Later I learned that at the same time I felt the burden
people, and that He is vigilant and faithful in His care.
lift that morning, Calvary had won again at home and
The words keepeth, keeper, and preserve all come
the situation started to improve.
from the same Hebrew root word, shmar, which
In Psalm 120, the writer was greatly distressed
means to guard or protect. The promises in this
because others were telling lies about him. He knew
psalm are well known and have been loved by many
God had heard his cries in the past, and he had
generations.
confidence God would hear him again. The psalmist
did not need to fight against these dishonest people Psalm 122
because God was going to fight for him. Psalm 122 is credited to David. It expresses the
Distress can come to us in many formsfamily anticipation of a pilgrimage to Jerusalem and the
situations, opposition, financial problems, illness, opportunity to worship God in His house. These
words have been quoted by people through the ages 2. Why should we be glad when we go into the House
as they have come together to honor and praise the of the Lord? (Psalm 122:1)
Lord. The hills and valleys about Jerusalem cause
it to be compact together, so its homes and walls
were joined or unbroken. Not only was Jerusalem the
center of Israels worship, but it was also the seat of
government. The psalmist exhorted people to pray for
the peace of Jerusalem. The original word translated
as peace is shalom, which means welfare, health, and
prosperity. David longed for the safety and blessing
of the city, its inhabitants, and all who loved it.
Psalm 123 3. What might be some benefits of looking to God as
The writer of Psalm 123 knew the importance of ancient servants looked to their masters? (Psalm 123:2)
looking to God for mercy. In this psalm, he looked to
God because he felt those about him displayed such
contempt for others that he could no longer bear it.
In ancient times, servants and slaves attentively
watched for any gesture or look indicating the desire of
their master, so they could instantly perform it. In the
same way, the psalmist waited to discern Gods will.

I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
III. Book III (73:189:52) CONCLUSION
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6) God hears our cries and comes to our aid with
grace and mercy for each situation as we trust in Him.
A CLOSER LOOK
NOTES
1. What are two of the promises given to those who
turn to God for help? (Psalm 121)
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS which centers on the importance of God and His

Word. They are also included in the fifteen Songs of
Our help is in the name of the Lord, who made Degrees (Psalms 120-134) related to Israels return
heaven and earth. (Psalm 124:8) from captivity.
As Christians, part of our walk with Godand Psalm 124
one of the ways we grow spirituallyis going Psalm 124 is a song of praise for deliverance
through periods of trial. Some time ago, I faced a which is ascribed to David. The psalmist acknowl-
prolonged situation that not only caused emotional edged that without God on their side, Israel would
pain, but began to affect me physically as well. As have been overcome by its enemies. The phrase
it began to weigh me down, I turned to the Lord then they had swallowed us up quick indicates his
regarding the matter. He answered my prayers and certainty that the people would have been immediately
encouraged me in a simple yet effective way. devoured had it not been for Gods intervention.
I have the privilege of being an usher, and as The metaphor of water in verses 4-5 pictures Israels
Gods people entered the sanctuary before each enemies as an overwhelming flood, inferring that
service, God would remind me of their testimonies. Israel would have gone under in defeat without Gods
He had delivered one from addiction to drugs. Another help. The phrase a prey to their teeth (verse 6) could
had received a miraculous healing just recently. One be translated, a prey for them to devour.
had a spouse leave the marriage, but was continuing
Psalm 125
to serve God faithfully.
The security of Gods defense is the theme of
Meeting after meeting, week after week, and
Psalm 125. The author is not cited for this song of
finally stretching into months, this quiet encourage-
lament. In the first two verses, Mount Zion was a
ment continued. Through it, God guided me to an
symbol of stability and endurance in Old Testament
understanding that He was taking me through my trial,
times, and the mountains round about Jerusalem
even though the situation was painful and seemed to
were emblematic of Gods protection for His people.
last a long time. He had helped all of these others,
Two types of people are described in verses 4-5:
and He certainly was not overlooking my troubles!
those that be good are contrasted with those who
Gradually I began thinking less about the situation I
turn aside unto the crooked ways. The psalmist
was in, and more about Gods goodness, faithfulness,
concluded with the assurance that Gods peace would
and power to help. After a time, I realized that God
be granted to His chosen people.
had used this source of encouragement to completely
deliver me from the effects of that trial. Psalm 126
In todays focus verse, David expressed a truth Although the author and time frame of Psalm
that he had proved in his own personal life: our help 126 is uncertain, most scholars believe it was a
is in God. This psalm may have been written after song of thanksgiving and rejoicing for Judahs
David had twice defeated the Philistines in the Valley restoration from Babylonian captivity after the decree
of Rephaim (as recorded in 2 Samuel 5:17-25). The of Cyrus made that possible. Verses 1-3 convey
Philistines were Israels most powerful enemy, but that the captives joyous return to Jerusalem was so
when David looked to God, he found the help he momentous it seemed like a dream; even the heathen
needed to go against them and win the victory. proclaimed that God had done great things for the
Our enemy will not be an army of Philistine Jewish people. In verse 4, the psalmist pleaded for
soldiers, but whatever it is, we must not be bound by God to bring back the remaining exiles who had been
fear nor overcome by the trial we face. As we trust left behind in Babylon. The streams in the south
in God and look to Him for help and strength, we was a reference to the dry streambeds in the Negev
will find that He will protect, deliver, and bless us. region of Southern Palestine, which became torrential
No challenge is too difficult for the Lord who made rivers during the rainy season; he longed for God
heaven and earth. We can always find help in Him! to flood Zion with the residual captives in Babylon.
The well-known adage in verse 5, They that sow in
BACKGROUND tears shall reap in joy, indicates that while planting
These six psalms are a portion of Book V, and tending crops often involves sweat and tears, the
sometimes referred to as the Deuteronomy Book, resulting harvest is well worth the effort.
Psalm 127 AMPLIFIED OUTLINE Hannahs Bible Outlines
Psalm 127 is attributed to Solomon and focuses

I. Book I (1:141:13)
on the importance of relying on God, and the
II. Book II (42:172:20)
blessings of family. Because it deals with the issues of
practical daily life, it is classified as a wisdom psalm.
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
Verses 1-2 emphasize that both personal and civic
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
endeavors are ineffective without Gods help, and that
days of toil are valueless if one does not depend on A CLOSER LOOK
God for daily needs. Verses 3-6 establish that children
1. In Psalm 125, what did the psalmist say would not
are a gift from God and gratifying to their parents; in
rest upon the lot of the righteous? What do you
society of that day, offspring were a source of security
think this meant to Israel?
and protection in their parents elderly years. They
shall speak with the enemies in the gate indicated
that sons would represent their fathers in the city gate,
where most business was conducted, in order to see
that their fathers interests were protected.
Psalm 128
In Psalm 128, the psalmist extolled the rewards
of revering God and walking in His ways. He
proclaimed that the man who reverenced God would 2. How would you explain the statement found in
live peaceably and securely, and would enjoy the Psalm 126:5, They that sow in tears shall reap in joy?
fruit of his labors. His wife would be like a thriving
and productive vine, and his children would be as
plentiful as the ever-producing olive plant. He stated
that the man who feared God would reap blessings
from Jerusalem (the earthly dwelling place of God). In
3. In reference to Psalm 124, in what circumstances
a time when early death was common, the godly man
of life has the Lord been on your side and brought
would enjoy a lengthy life, and would experience the
deliverance? How might you be able to share that
pleasure of knowing his grandchildren. Peace upon
event with someone else with the goal of encouraging
Israel was a benediction.
that one in a time of trial?
Psalm 129
Psalm 129 was an anonymous song of
thanksgiving for Gods preservation of Israel.
Although the nation had been assailed by adversaries,
those adversaries had been unsuccessful in triumphing
over Gods people. In verse 3, the psalmist used the
analogy of fields being furrowed by plowmen to
illustrate how the nation of Israel had been scourged
by enemies. The phrase cut asunder the cords of the
wicked referred to the cords connecting plowmen to CONCLUSION
their oxen, and inferred that a just God had severed
the cords of Israels enemies to render their efforts No problem is beyond Gods ability to solve.
ineffective. When we acknowledge Him as the psalmist did, we
In verse 6, the psalmist referred to the fact that will find that the Lord, who made heaven and earth
wild grass often sprouted on the sod roofs of houses will help us!
in Palestine, but the shallow depth of soil and the NOTES
heat of the sun caused the grass to wither and die
before it reached maturity. The psalmist asked God to
make the efforts of Israels enemies as unproductive
as the withered grass which never reached the stage
of maturity where it could be bound into sheaves. It
was customary for people to express blessings to one
another, but verse 8 implies that this blessing would
not be extended to the wicked.
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS benefits far outweigh the time and effort we exert to
achieve the goal.
Surely I will not come into the tabernacle of my
house, nor go up into my bed; I will not give sleep BACKGROUND
to mine eyes, or slumber to mine eyelids, until I These five psalms conclude the fifteen Songs
find out a place for the Lord, an habitation for the of Degrees, also known as Songs of Ascents or
mighty God of Jacob. (Psalm 132:3-5) Pilgrim Songs.
As a college student, I forfeited many a nights Psalm 130
sleep in order to complete some paper or prepare for Psalm 130 was the sixth of seven penitential
a final exam. My purpose was to graduate, and papers psalms in the Book of Psalms (6, 32, 38, 51, 106,
and exams were a necessary part of that process. One 130, 143); it is classified as an individual lament. The
particular incident stands out in my memory. As a author and setting are unknown. The eight verses
requirement in a music history class, I had to submit express two themes: a cry of penitence (verses 1-4),
a biography about a composer of my choice. At five and the hope of pardon (verses 5-8). This psalm is
or six in the morning of the day the paper was due, unique in that the focus is the awful nature of sin
I was still sitting at my computer, doing my best rather than sins consequences, though references
to compile sentences that not only communicated to redemption and forgiveness are included in its
the facts accurately, but also made sense! The word content.
tired simply doesnt do justice to how I felt. My This psalm negates the teaching that God grants
brain seemed full of cement, and my fingers were perpetual forgiveness for ongoing sinning. According
having an increasingly hard time finding the right to verses 3 and 4, one who is sinning cannot stand
keys. However, it was not an option to give up and before God. Forgiveness is granted so those who
say, The paper will just have to be late. I had to receive it will serve God in reverence and awe.
finish it that morning! Thankfully, the task was done Psalm 131
at last, and I was even able to sleep for an hour or so Psalm 131 is a short gem of a psalm which
before going to class. I cannot forget how relieved expresses Davids deeply personal sense of humility.
I felt when the task I had set out to do was finally In three short verses, the psalmist established
accomplished. the condition of his heart, repudiated pride, and
In our focus verses, David had a purpose he was reposed in tranquil trust upon God. He concluded by
determined to realize. As king, his dwelling was a admonishing Israel to rely upon God with the same
beautiful palace. However, it troubled him that the serene faith.
Ark of the Covenantthe symbol of Gods dwelling
among His peoplehad no permanent resting place. Psalm 132
David could not settle comfortably into his own Psalm 132 is the lengthiest of the Songs of
residence until he did his part to correct that situation. Degrees and centers on a petition that Gods
Even though David was not the one called to actually promises to David would not go unfulfilled.
build the Temple for God, he fulfilled his purpose by Ephratah (verse 6) was a reference to Bethlehem,
preparing all of the materials necessary for his son, Davids hometown, where he presumably first heard
Solomon, to complete the work. of the Ark of the Covenant. The Ark was confiscated
Has the Lord laid something on your heart that in battle by the Philistines, and was recovered at
you need to do for Him? Has He given you a task to Kirjath-jearim (referred to as the fields of the wood)
accomplish for His Kingdom? Sometimes we know many years later during Davids reign. In verse 7, his
we have a commission from the Lord and yet we find footstool likely meant the Ark of the Covenant or its
ourselves distracted from committing ourselves fully dwelling place in the Holy of Holies. Verses 11-12
to our assigned task. Let us learn a lesson from David! point to Gods promise that Davids seed would
His commitment and zeal were so wholehearted that reign forever. Although most of Davids descendants
he was willing to deny himself the basic comforts of refused to obey Gods commandments, resulting in
life in order to fulfill his purpose. May Davids words the destruction of his earthly kingdom, God fulfilled
encourage us not to procrastinate regarding anything His covenant with David through His Son, Jesus,
God would have us do for Him. We will find the who was born of the lineage of David. Verses 17-18
are Messianic references to Jesus future reign and 2. The final psalm of the Song of Degrees focuses
triumph over His enemies. Although Davids earthly on those who work in the house of the Lord,
kingdom faded away, Jesus Kingdom will flourish specifically those who watch at night. What attitude
forever. and behavior were they to display in doing their job,
and why do you think this attitude was important?
Psalm 133
Classified as a wisdom psalm, Psalm 133 is
attributed to David and emphasizes the blessings
of dwelling in unity. The Hebrew word translated
brethren in verse 1 denotes those of the same
ancestry, and may have referred to the preservation
of harmony in households, because in Davids time,
married sons remained with their families in the
parents home. However, the principle relates to unity
in the family of God as well. In verse 2, the psalmist
compared abundant brotherly love with the profuse 3. How can we be sure that God will command a
amount of oil used in the anointing of Aaron as High blessing as mentioned in Psalm 133?
Priest, which ran from his head to his skirts. The
analogy of dew spreading from Mount Hermon in
Northern Israel to the mountains of Zion in the south
(verse 3), illustrates the extent of Gods blessing on all
those who dwell in unity.
Psalm 134
Psalm 134 is the final Song of Degrees and
exhorts praise in the sanctuary of the Lord. Some
Bible historians suggest that the high priest recited CONCLUSION
verses 1 and 2, and verse 3 was the response of
the priestly choir. This psalm is identified as a The Lord has a job for each one of us who choose
combination hymn and blessing. Its date and author to follow Him. Let us purpose in our hearts and minds
are unknown. The lifting up of hands referenced in that we will be willing to make whatever effort is
verse 2 was symbolic of prayer and praise. required to fulfill Gods will for us.

Used by permission per WORDsearch NOTES
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. What promise is given in Psalm 132:11-12 and
what conditions are laid out in order for that promise
to be fulfilled?
DAYBREAK

Psalm 135
The moon and stars to rule by night: for his
Psalm 135 is a collection of phrases and thoughts
mercy endureth for ever. (Psalm 136:9) taken from other psalms and books of the Bible. For
example, the opening verse is a rearrangement of
As I gazed up at the moon showing half of
Psalm 113:1; verse 4 references the peculiar treasure
its beaming face, I was struck with awe at how it
of Exodus 19:5; and verse 7 quotes Jeremiah 10:13.
resembled a frosted dome hanging from a dark blue
One reason authors compiled verses was to commem-
ceiling. It shone boldly in the heavens while day
orate a special event. Psalm 135 may have been com-
slipped quietly into darkness. It was as if this ruler
posed for use at the dedication of the second Temple,
of the night sky was coming on the late shift to make
because it follows the pattern of dedication psalms
sure the heavens continued to declare the glory of
a theme of praise with a brief history of Israel. It is
God.
classified as a hallelujah psalm, and contrasts the
Viewing the heavens on another clear evening, I
greatness of God with the vanity of heathen idols.
saw the stars and planets begin poking through a soft
The psalmist offered three examples of Gods
navy blue blanket of sky. Darkness settled in, and the
love: His love for and choosing of Israel, His creative
moon became brighter, appearing to look contentedly
power, and His sovereignty in history. The tokens
over the kingdom God had given it. As its radiance
referred to in verse 9 were the plagues God sent upon
shed a mellow glow around me, I thought, How could
Egypt. Sihon and Og, mentioned in verse 11, were
anything be lovelier?
notable Amorite kings who were conquered by Israel
In verses 5-9 of Psalm 136, the psalmist focused
(see Numbers 21:24, 35; Deuteronomy 2:33; 3:3).
on the wonders of creation. We easily sense that
This psalm begins with a triple call to praise
his pen could have filled many more pages with
Jehovah in verse 1, and concludes with a four-fold call
adoration for our Creator! Consider that everything
to bless Jehovah (verses 19-20).
we see around us was made by God. From the ocean
depths to the vast sky above, from the rolling desert Psalm 136
sands to the wooded mountainside, the awesome In Jewish writings, Psalm 136 is frequently
handiwork of God is a continual testimony to His referred to as The Great Hallel. It is a companion
creative nature. psalm to 135, sharing a similar theme. Where Psalm
However, the psalmist did not call Israel to 135 begins with an exhortation to Praise ye the
praise God solely for His creation, as awe-inspiring Lord, this psalm begins with an exhortation to Give
as the wonders of creation are. He also admonished thanks unto the Lord. Both psalms then list reasons to
Israel to give thanks to God for His character. He did praise or thank the Lord, following the same order of
this by linking each example from nature to Gods topics and utilizing some identical phrases.
mercya Hebrew word that includes the thought A unique aspect of Psalm 136 is the repeated
of love, kindness, and faithfulness. The psalmists refrain, his mercy endureth for ever. This phrase
repetition of the phrase, for his mercy endureth for may have been sung or chanted responsively by the
ever, seems to indicate that his heart was swelling congregation after a priest or the Levitical choir recited
with an ever-increasing sense of gratitude to the One the first half of each verse.
who made all things, and whose mercy reaches out to In summary, the psalmist said that God had
man. In fact, His mercy is even more constant than remembered the Israelites when they were slaves
creationsomeday this earth will pass away, but in Egypt, He delivered them from their enemies in
Gods Word tells us that Gods mercy will endure Canaan, and He provides sustenance for all the living,
forever! so thanks are due to Him.
When you see the moon glowing in the night sky,
praise the Lord! When you trace the stars, making AMPLIFIED OUTLINE Hannahs Bible Outlines
patterns in the black of night, praise the Lord! When I. Book I (1:141:13)
you watch the sunrise climbing over the horizon, II. Book II (42:172:20)
praise the Lord! Give thanks not only for the beautiful III. Book III (73:189:52)
world around you, but also for the blessed assurance IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
that His mercy endures forever. V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. According to Psalm 136:5, what did God use to
make the heavens?
2. In what ways were the idols of Psalm 135 similar to CONCLUSION

the idols that people worship today? God is more than worthy of our praise. We
can show our appreciation by remembering, as the
psalmist did, to praise and thank Him for who He is,
what He has created, and His goodness toward us.
NOTES
3. If you were to review your personal history as the

psalmist did Israels history, what specific events
would you praise and thank God for?
DAYBREAK

Psalm 137
In the day when I cried thou answeredst me,
Psalm 137 probably was written during the
and strengthenedst me with strength in my soul. Babylonian captivity. While some Bible scholars
(Psalm 138:3) consider its nine verses to be prophetic and attribute
authorship to David, most conclude that the words
Our daughter was just a few weeks old when she
expressed exilic grief. The author pledged never
was admitted to the hospital with a high fever. My
to forget Jerusalem, and pleaded for God to render
husband and I hoped and prayed that the cause was
judgment upon Israels captors.
some minor and quickly-dealt-with virus, but that was
Verses 1-2 of Psalm 137 describe the exiles
not the case. After a series of tests and many anxious
gathering by the rivers in Babylon to mourn their
hours, we learned that our baby had congenital rubella
absence from Jerusalem. Harps were used for Temple
syndrome. She was (as they called it back then) a
worship, and the captives may have brought them to
rubella baby. I had somehow contracted rubella
Babylon hoping to find solace in music. However,
while I was carrying her and had passed it on to her
their sorrow was too overwhelming, so they hung
before she was born. The doctors told us that the
them on the branches of the willow trees. Verses
syndrome can entail a number of serious incurable
3-4 imply both the insult of being plundered by the
conditions including deafness, eye abnormalities,
Babylonians, and the oppressors taunting demand
heart disease, and mental impairment. In our babys
that the exiles sing the songs of Zion which were
case, the initial manifestation was spinal meningitis.
reserved for Temple worshipan action the exiles
We did not know what the future would hold
would have considered blasphemous.
regarding other possible effects.
The mournful tone of the first six verses
Our babys diagnosis began a difficult time in
changes abruptly at verse 7, and becomes a fierce
our lives. During my daily trips to the hospital, I
indictment of Israels enemies. Although Edom had
realized there was nothing I personally could do to
not participated in the Babylonian conquest, they
make her condition go away, but I reached out to God
had rejoiced in Judahs destruction, and the psalmist
continually for reassurance. How I leaned on Him to
beseeched God not to forget.
give me strength and courage to face whatever lay
ahead for us and our baby! Psalm 138
When I read todays focus verse, I think about Psalm 138 is a song of thanksgiving attributed
that time in our lives, because God certainly did to David. It conveys both individual and universal
strengthen us. On one trip to the hospital, I recall how praise, and concludes with a statement of assurance
the Lord brought a song to my mind that spoke of our that God would deliver in time of trouble.
Heavenly Fathers care and how He watches over us In verses 1-3, David vowed that before the
as a mother tenderly watches over her baby. While gods he would sing praise to the true God. The word
my husband and I could do very little for our tiny gods has been interpreted in a variety of ways.
daughter, it was such a comfort to know that God was Some early translations of the Bible render the word
watching over her! as angels. Others use the word judges or kings.
More than thirty years later, I look at our healthy, Perhaps the psalmists resolve was to praise the true
beautiful daughter and know she is our miracle. God God in the sight of those who worshiped heathen
heard our prayers and those of the family of God idols. Since the Temple had not yet been built during
who also prayed for our little one. He touched her, Davids time, the holy temple may have referred
and today there are no residual effects of the physical to the Tabernacle, signifying the place where Gods
challenges she had as an infant. presence dwelt.
When we face times of crisis in our lives, we may Verses 4-5 infer that when the kings of the earth
not know what lies ahead, but our Heavenly Father learn of Gods marvelous works toward Israel, they
does. We can trust Him! When we cry out to Him, will praise God and sing of His wondrous deeds.
He will answer and provide what we need. What an Some scholars believe the ultimate fulfillment of this
assurance it is to know that we are never alone, and verse is prophetic in nature, pointing to the time when
can always reach out to the One who is waiting to all the rulers of the world will worship Christ during
lend a helping hand. the Millennial Reign.
Psalm 139 2. The practice of abortion is an evil that has claimed
Psalm 139 is considered one of Davids finest the lives of millions of innocent babies. What does
psalms. It beautifully portrays Gods omniscience Psalm 139:13-16 teach us about how God regards
(universal knowledge), omnipresence (universal life?
presence), omnipotence (universal power), and the
psalmists desire for harmony with God.
In verses 7-12, David emphasized the futility of
trying to evade Gods omniscience or omnipresence.
The words heaven and hell in verse 8 denote the
skies above or the depths of the dead beneath, and
infer that neither are a hiding place from God. In
verse 9, take the wings of the morning is a
figurative picture of flying to the farthest oceans as
swiftly as the morning light moves across the sky.
Verses 13-16 are a clear indicator that God directs
the creation of life in the womb from the unperfected
embryonic stage to the time of birth. The Hebrew 3. Psalm 138:8 contains two statements of confidence.
word translated reins in verse 13 literally means In what way do these statements offer comfort and
kidneys, and was used poetically to signify the encouragement to us?
inner nature. The word covered could be translated
woven, and denotes that God knits the unborn
together in the womb.
In verses 19-22, David affirmed his hatred for
evil and those who despised and blasphemed God.
Bloody men were those who committed violent
acts of murder. Perfect hatred indicated absolute
abhorrence of all the deeds of the wicked.
The psalm concludes with Davids beautiful
prayer that God would search his heart and reveal
anything that would hinder him from the way
everlasting.
CONCLUSION
I. Book I (1:141:13) If we trust God with our whole hearts, we can
II. Book II (42:172:20) have faith that He will hear us when we call, and give
III. Book III (73:189:52) us strength to face each trial that comes our way.
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48) NOTES
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. In Psalm 137:3, what two things did the captors
require of the exiles?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS for her. She had looked to God for help and He had
answered.
I cried unto the Lord with my voice; with my In todays focus verse, David looked to the right
voice unto the Lord did I make my supplication. source for help: he cried aloud to God, who was
(Psalm 142:1) his only hope of preservation. With urgency born
of desperation, he acknowledged that his spirit was
Shortly after starting a new job, I noticed that overwhelmed. He had looked, but there was no one
one of my co-workers eyes were frequently red and to help himno refuge to be found, no counselor or
watery, she was constantly blowing her nose, and defender to come to his aid. In distress, he pleaded,
she often excused herself from helping customers by Attend unto my cry; for I am brought very low
saying that her allergies were acting up again. (verse 6).
On a hunch that something more than allergies When lifes troubles begin to stack up and threaten
was the cause, one day I asked her if something was to overwhelm us, we can turn them over to God.
bothering her. She opened up to me, acknowledging He is greater than any problem that comes our way.
that she had been through several traumatic Naturally, the very first help God wants to give each of
experiences recently. Among other things, a close us is His wonderful salvation; this is the greatest help
friend had died, one of her sons had moved to another of all. Then He has promised to guide and support us in
country, she had lost contact with her only grandchild every concern of life. Like David, we can be confident
through her other sons divorce, and she was being that God will deal bountifully with us, giving us
forced to leave her home. strength and deliverance in His own way and time.
She told me that she had tried to address each
problem as it had occurred. However, as they BACKGROUND
continued to stack up, she had become overwhelmed.
Psalm 140
Though she had turned to relatives, friends, and a
Although the historical context of Psalm 140 is
therapist for help, the comfort and support they gave
unclear, it refers to evil and violent men who stirred up
was only temporary. She admitted that she was even
animosity against David. Verses 1-11 describe Davids
contemplating suicide, and asked if I knew of any way
persecution and his resultant entreaty for God to rescue
out of her troubles.
him, while verses 12-13 portray his confidence that
An illustration I remembered hearing one of our
God would answer his prayer. This psalm is classified
ministers tell came to mind, and I related it to her. A
as a personal lament.
mouse had fallen into a bucket that contained several
In verse 3, the psalmist compared the enemys
inches of water. The water was too deep for the mouse
malicious words to a serpents darting tongue and
to stand on the bottom, and the sides of the bucket
poisonous fangs. In verse 5, the words snare, cords,
were too steep for the mouse to climb, so it was
net, and gins all describe equipment used by hunters
swimming in circles with just its teeny nose above
to catch wild animals. The phrase O God the Lord
the water. The minister commented that the mouse
in verse 7 combining the Hebrew words Yahweh
had found a solution to its problem, but it was not
(God) and Adonai (Lord) was unusual; its usage
sustainable. I told my co-worker that she didnt need
reflects Davids acknowledgment of Gods supreme
another person to help her swim a while longer; she
salvation and protection. The burning coals alluded
needed someone bigger who was capable of knocking
to in verse 10 may have been a reference to Sodoms
over the bucket and setting her free. I told her she
destruction, while the deep pits depicted total and
needed God! He was the only One who could truly
utter destruction for evildoers which would have no
bring a solution.
remedy.
She went home that weekend and prayed. When
she came back to work the following week, she was Psalm 141
different. Her allergies were gone and she had Psalm 141 is a psalm of lament. The general
hope. In the days that followed, God responded to her framework and setting are the same as the previous
prayers with mercy and resolved her problems one by psalm. Davids prayer in these ten verses contains three
one. Her son moved back into the area after receiving supplications: for God to speedily answer (verses 1-2),
a job offer, she was granted ample time with her for God to help him show restraint (verses 3-6), and for
grandchild, and she found a new home that was perfect God to give him refuge (verses 7-10).
The phrase set forth in verse 2 means firm or AMPLIFIED OUTLINE Hannahs Bible Outlines
established. In verse 5, the psalmist inferred that if

I. Book I (1:141:13)
he did not shun evil works, rebuke from the righteous
II. Book II (42:172:20)
would not break his head (or wound in any adverse
sense) but would be a kindness that brought healing to
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
his soul. David also implied that he would pray for the
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
righteous in their time of calamity.
Since the occasion of this psalm is not known, the A CLOSER LOOK
interpretation of verses 6-7 is uncertain. Some think
it may have been written during Davids flight from 1. In Psalm 143:5, what did David meditate upon to
Saul, with verse 6 inferring that Sauls downfall would soothe his spirit when he was overwhelmed?
result in the people respecting Davids words. Verse 7
indicates the psalmists helpless situation. However,
in verse 8 he affirmed that his hope and trust was in
God. As in Psalm 140, the words snares, gins, and nets 2. Psalm 141:5 gives counsel regarding criticism or
(verses 9-10) refer to the equipment of hunters. reproof. How should we respond to correction by
Psalm 142 another Christian?
The superscription in Psalm 142 indicates that
this psalm is a Maschil written by David when he was
in a cave. The word Maschil denotes a teaching
psalm with moral and practical application. The Bible
documents two occasions when David hid from Saul in
a cave: 1 Samuel 22 and 24. This is another psalm of
lament in which the psalmist poured out his distress to
the Lord in prayer.
In verse 4, David indicated that there were no
like-minded individuals who would come along side 3. In Psalm 140:7, David said God covered his head
him or consider his spiritual needs. Although he was (protected him) during battle. What are some of the
surrounded by loyal followers, David may have felt battles you have faced, and how did God cover your
that he was the only one with a righteous perspective. head during those times?
It is notable that although the psalmist clearly
was in deep trouble and was feeling hopeless and
depressed, he did not express a vindictive spirit toward
his enemies.
Psalm 143
Psalm 143 is the final of seven penitential psalms
expressing sorrow for sin and beseeching God to
render mercy, rather than judgment. (The other psalms
are Psalms 6, 32, 38, 51, 102, and 130.) It begins with
Davids plea for God to hear and answer his prayers. CONCLUSION
The statement in verse 2 that in thy sight shall When David became overwhelmed with the trials
no man living be justified is a foundational theology that came his way, he cried to God for help. When we
of Scripture. Paul stated the same truth in Romans face challenges in our day, we too should look to God.
3:23, All have sinned, and come short of the glory of We can be confident that He will respond to our cries!
God. Other passages which state this doctrine include
Romans 11:32 and I John 1:10. The meaning of the NOTES
word smitten in verse 3 is beaten or broken to pieces.
In verses 7-12, David expressed his sincere desire
to live in a manner pleasing to the Lordan indicator
of genuine penitence, which is always accompanied
by a desire to do right. Quicken in verse 11 means to
revive or keep alive.
In contrast to the preceding psalm, David
concluded this one with a request for the destruction of
his enemies.
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS through the pages of our lives! Remember, people are
watching.
Happy is that people, that is in such a case: yea, Today, how is your smile? Has it been absent for
happy is that people, whose God is the Lord. a while? Try praising the Lord and reflecting on His
(Psalm 144:15) loving presence in your life. Others will notice and be
drawn to the God you serve.
When I was a little girl, my mom would often
read aloud bits and pieces of letters she received BACKGROUND
from her family in New York. Whenever she would
Psalms 144
send a picture of us, a letter always came back saying
Psalm 144, which credits God as the sole Source
how impressed our faraway relatives were that every
of victory and deliverance, is attributed to David.
picture was filled with smiling faces. Each time, I
However, this psalm was likely compiled from other
would wait for this part of the letter to be read, and
Davidic writings; it bears a close resemblance to
then I would ask, Why are we always smiling in
Psalm 18, and includes quotes from Psalms 8, 33, and
our pictures? My mom would chuckle and say, Its
102-104.
because we love Jesus, and He is our Savior.
Categorized as one of the royal psalms, Psalm 144
Sometime back I received a card from my bank.
deals with the issues of national life. It presents some
I puzzled briefly over the envelope before opening it,
of the moral and spiritual conditions that nations and
since my birthday had already passed and Christmas
individuals must adhere to if they desire the blessing
was months away. Inside I found this note, Thank
of God. Based on verses 7, 8, and 11, the setting was
you for being a smiling, happy customer. It is people
apparently a time when Israel was attempting to repel
like you who make my job great! It brought back
a foreign invasion.
memories of those family letters.
Warfare is a prominent theme in the Book of
As Christians we are a blessed people. Of course
Psalms, and Psalm 144 is an example. The reference
we know that even non-believers can be happy.
in verse 1 to the Lord God of Israel who teacheth
They can smile for the camera, laugh at jokes, and
my fingers to fight was likely a reference to using
enjoy themselves. But followers of Christ have a
a bow as a weapon. In the next verse, the metaphors
deep-seated joy that is not tied to circumstances. We
of a fortress, high tower, deliverer, and
have Gods wonderful love in our hearts, His peace
shield are all indicative of warfare in a rocky and
flowing through us, and the reality of His presence
mountainous land. The Hebrew word metsudah
surrounding us each moment of the dayand that is
translated as fortress in this verse is translated as
definitely something to smile about!
hold in 1 Samuel 24:22 and 1 Chronicles 12:8, and
In Psalm 144, David contemplated the blessings
may have been a reference to the fortress at Masada,
that come to a nation or society founded upon
an ancient fortification located about two-and-a-half
the solid rock of Gods teachings. He painted a
miles from the western side of the Dead Sea.
picture of full garners (storage bins), increasing
In verses 7-8, David pleaded with God to deliver
flocks of sheep, and strong oxenall images that
him from his flood of troubles and foreign enemies.
would have been familiar in an agricultural society
The right hand of falsehood implies making a
where prosperity was measured in terms of crops
false oath, and depicts the deceitfulness of Davids
and livestock. However, the principle the psalmist
foes. Verses 11-15 concern the well-being of a
voiced in our focus verse is applicable to individuals
nation whose God is the Lord, and establish that
as well. Those of us whose God is the Lord are
Gods blessing will be evident in the attributes of
unquestionably blessed! While our blessings may
the nations sons and daughters, and in the temporal
not be measured in full garners and ever-expanding
prosperity evidenced by full storage bins and
flocks, God fills our lives with innumerable benefits,
expanding herds.
and this should be reflected in our joyous attitude
toward life and those around us. Psalms 145
Certainly, challenges will come along that could Psalm 145, the last Davidic psalm, proclaims that
threaten to take away our smiles. During such times, God is King, and His dominion endures throughout
we need to turn our focus to our blessings. We can all generations. This is Davids only psalm to be
all find things to be thankful for if we look back given the superscription psalm of praise. It is the
final acrostic psalm in the Book of Psalms, meaning 2. Why do you think David described Gods greatness
that each verse begins with a subsequent letter of the as unsearchable? (Psalm 145:3)
Hebrew alphabet. (In this psalm, as in several others,
the acrostic form is incomplete; one letter is missing.)
This psalm is identified as an imperatival type
of hymn, meaning that the community calls upon
all of its members to praise the Lord for His acts of
goodness. In Jewish worship, this song is used in the
daily prayers, being read twice in the morning and
once in the evening service. The concluding verses
assert that because God will save those who love Him
and destroy those who are wicked, everyone should 3. How does the psalmists admonition in Psalm
be persuaded to bless his holy name for ever and 146:3 apply to us today?
ever.
Psalms 146
Psalms 146-150 are known as hallelujah psalms,
since each psalm begins and ends with the phrase,
Praise ye the Lord. The Hebrew expression from
which hallelujah is translated is hallelu-Yah,
meaning Praise ye Yahweh. These five psalms
have been sung during morning worship at Jewish
synagogues for centuries. Psalm 146 exhorts reliance
on God rather than man. The author is unknown, as is
the date of composition. The psalm is classified as a
congregational hymn.
CONCLUSION
As followers of Christ, His joy should radiate
I. Book I (1:141:13) from us. When it does, others will notice!
II. Book II (42:172:20)
NOTES
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. In Psalm 145, David referenced several of Gods
character qualities. What are three of the attributes he
ascribed to God?
DAYBREAK
DEVOTIONAL FOCUS when things are hard and there seems no end to the
problems, we are still to praise the Lord!
Let everything that has breath praise the Lord. Why? Verse 2 says that we are to praise God for
Praise ye the Lord. (Psalm 150:6) His mighty acts. Consider how He died on Calvary,
delivering all who come to Him in repentance and
The journalistic strategy informally deemed believe on His Name. Consider how He calls lost
the five Ws and an H is frequently used to ensure sinners to Himself, raising them to new life and
thorough investigation of a topic. The simple, one- freedom from sin. Consider His mighty works in your
word questions Who? What? Where? When? Why? own life! The more we meditate on His goodness, the
and How? are designed to cover all the bases and more we sense the need to praise Him.
assist a writer in obtaining critical details for a news How? Verses 3-5 give directions for praising
story or report. In Psalm 150, the author answers each God with instruments. You may not be a trumpet
of these questions, thus providing in six short verses a player. Perhaps you have never touched a psaltery
fitting conclusion to the Book of Psalms. The prayers, or harp. You can still praise God! The author of this
tears, laments, exhortations, songs, and meditations of psalm fairly bursts with enthusiasm, and he directs
the previous psalms all lead to this final call: to praise us to participate in praise as fully as we can. This is
the Lord God of Heaven and earth. not a time of private reflection or personal prayer,
Who? Verse 6 specifies that nothing with breath although other psalms encourage both of those. This
is exempted from the duty of praise. That includes is a challenge to exuberant and audible expressions
us! Every person in the history of the world has been of glory to God. To all who will listen, let us join in
impacted by the greatness of God. While some people joyous declaration that our God is great and worthy of
are blessed with extensive and personal knowledge praise!
of God, everyone can see His greatness through His
mighty acts of creation. BACKGROUND
What? Praise! The psalm opens with an Psalm 147
injunction to praise. And its conclusionand the The theme of Psalm 147 is the extensive span of
final statement of the Book of Psalms which was Gods gracious works in creation. Both animate and
written over a period of many years and by many inanimate creations are called to praise Him. The
authorsadmonishes once again that we are to verses are divided into three sections, each providing
praise the Lord. An attempt to define the word praise both a reason to praise the Lord and direct instruction
brings to mind synonyms such as commend, applaud, to do so. Verses 1-6 describe Gods redemptive
pay tribute to, and acclaim. However, none of these involvement with humanity, both corporately and
are sufficient to describe the glory and honor due to individually. Verses 7-11 show Gods power in nature,
our Creator. evidenced by His provision for His creation. Verses
Where? Verse 1 describes two places where 12-20 announce the goodness of the Lord as revealed
praise should be offered to the Lord: in the sanctuary in historical events and in His provision for His
and in the firmament of His power. The sanctuary people.
is the holy place set aside for worship. In Old This psalm takes the form of a hymn. While its
Testament times, this was the Tabernacle and date and author are not known, it may have been a
Temple. In this New Testament dispensation, Gods post-exilic composition (based on verse 2), and likely
peoplethose who have been made holy by the was written after the rebuilding of Jerusalem (see
Blood of Jesusare His temples (see 1 Corinthians verse 13).
3:16-17). The firmament of His power could also
be translated as the expanse of His strength. All Psalm 148
around us, God displays His majesty and power Psalm 148, sometimes referred to as The
through creation. In response, we are to praise Him. Creation Chorus, continues the counsel to praise the
When? Gods excellent greatness (verse 2) Lord. This psalm begins with the heavens praising
surrounds us at every moment, so the implication is God (verses 1-6), moves down to earth (verses 7-12),
that praise is due His great Name at every moment as and concludes with a universal encouragement to
well. The Psalms teach us that when things are going all things to praise the Lord (verses 13-14). This
well and life is easy, we are to praise the Lord. And structure follows the pattern God established at
creation, in which the elements of the firmament 2. The author of Psalm 150 instructed to use musical
above were created before mankind. instruments in offering praise to God. How does
music help us to worship?
Psalm 149
A new song is commanded in the first verse of
Psalm 149, which is a celebration of victory. This
could refer to a new song based on new deliverance,
new understanding, or new mercies from the Lord.
It also could point prophetically to the new hearts
promised (Ezekiel 36:26). Verses 2-5 invite the
listeners to revel in the glory of their relationship with 3. Psalm 150:1 names two places where the people
the Lord. Verses 6-9 describe the deliverance God were instructed to praise the Lord. Where do you like
provided for His people, and a description of the fate to worship, and what is it about that location which
of the enemies of the Lord. inspires praise?
Psalm 150
As the conclusion to the Book of Psalms, Psalm
150 exults in the joy of praise. It both instructs the
listener in what to do on earth and foreshadows
the primary event of eternity: exuberant praise for
the mighty works and excellent greatness of God.
Verse 1 indicates that praise should be offered in the
sanctuary but also in the firmament, or expanse, of
Gods power.
Musical instrumentsthe trumpet, psaltery,
harp, timbrel, stringed instruments, organs, and
cymbalswere to be used in this final clear note
CONCLUSION
of praise. The trumpet (shophar) was a long,
slender horn with an upturned end, which was used Take a moment to consider the mighty works and
at military and religious occasions to summon the excellent greatness of the Lord, and then praise Him!
people. The timbrel was a type of tambourine
which was held and struck with the hand. The exact NOTES
nature of the instruments identified as organs is
unknown, but they probably were some form of pipes.
I. Book I (1:141:13)
II. Book II (42:172:20)
IV. Book IV (90:1106:48)
V. Book V (107:1150:6)
A CLOSER LOOK
1. What are three of the reasons given in Psalm 147
for why we should praise God?

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DAYBREAK

Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon, Psalms

Overview for Proverbs

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS BACKGROUND

2. What are some of the advantages of heeding the

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS BACKGROUND

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS he referred to as wisdom, good doctrine, and

AMPLIFIED OUTLINE Hannahs Bible Outlines

II. The superiority of the way of wisdom CONCLUSION

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS daughter dumping water down my back, it probably

Sleep is a precious commodity, especially for

II. The superiority of the way of wisdom

2. What did Solomon mean when he wrote, Give not

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS Dons story changed from one of defeat to one of

II. The superiority of the way of wisdom

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS much I had to learn. So it is no wonder that when we

II. The superiority of the way of wisdom

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS theme of seeking wisdom and avoiding folly, most of

BACKGROUND III. The sayings of the way of wisdom

2. What does Proverbs 10:12 mean when it states that

3. Based on Proverbs 11:11, what are some ways our

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS we understand, as our focus verse states, that in

III. The sayings of the way of wisdom

2. Proverbs 12:25 references heaviness in the heart

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS BACKGROUND

3. How can we encourage ourselves to answer the

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS BACKGROUND

2. What does it mean to speak a word in due season?

3. Recall a time when someone said words to you that

2. What are some ways that may seem right or

3. How can we achieve the high standard of humility,

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS successful teaching strategy, but also a God-ordained

III. The sayings of the way of wisdom

2. What does Proverbs 17:22 teach us about the

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS Word, our lives will be a reflection of Jesus in our

3. Proverbs 20:7 says, The just man walketh in his

III. The sayings of the way of wisdom

2. Why do you think Solomon so frequently addressed

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS in a world that needs to be reached for Christ, and

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS For those of us who have been forgiven and

2. What principle regarding decision making is

III. The sayings of the way of wisdom

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS chicken with us. Although we were not destitute of

2. How would you explain the word picture presented

3. Proverbs 28:26 admonishes us to walk wisely.

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS unaware that he was being watched by warriors who

2. Verse 8 references scornful men. In what ways

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS a decision to place our trust in God regardless of the

One day in December of 1875, Ira Sankey, song

III. The sayings of the way of wisdom

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS to be all that we can be in our devotion to God and

3. How might we demonstrate having the law of

Overview for Ecclesiastes

I. The theme stated (1:1-11)

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS BACKGROUND

I. The theme stated (1:1-11)

2. What tone do you feel is predominant in these first

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS accept circumstances as they come to us, believing

On a beautiful day in early September, my BACKGROUND

DEVOTIONAL FOCUS included the making of vows. He also pointed to