COMPUTER m,ZX81, BBC,TRS-g9, APP spect er PLE, Vic c TK & PEyDaniel lsaaman and Jenny Tyler Contents About this Book 26 Space Rescue Starship Takeoff 30 Touchdown: TRS-80 version IntergalacticGames 31 Touchdown: VIC 20 version Evil Alien 32 Touchdown: ZX81 version Beat the Bug Eyes 33 Touchdown ZX Spectrum version Moonlander 34 Touchdown: BBC version Monsters ofGalacticon 35 Touchdown: Apple version Alien Snipers 36 Adding to the programs Asteroid Belt 38 Writing your own programs Trip into the Future 40 Summary of BASIC Death Valley 46 Conversion chart 24 Space Mines 47 Puzzle Answers Illustrated by Martin Newton, Tony Baskeyfield, Graham Round, Jim Bamber, Mark Duffin and John Bolton Designed by Graham Round and Roger Priddy First published in 1982 by Usborne Publishing, 20 Garrick Street, London WC2E 9BJ, England © 1982 Usborne Publishing Ltd Beat the Bug Eyes program by Bob Merry Starship Takeoff program by Richard NashAbout This Book This book contains simple games programs to play ona microcomputer. They are written for use on ZX81,ZX Spectrum, BBC, VIC 20, TRS-80 and Pet and Apple micros, and many are short enough to fit intothe ZX81's 1K of memory. Most micros use the language BASIC, but they all have their own variations or dialects. In this book, the main listing for each program works on the ZX81 and lines which need changing for the other computers are marked with symbols and printed underneath. The fact thatthe programs are written for several micros means that they do not make full use of eachone's facilities. You could try finding ways of making the programs shorter and neater for your micro. For each game, there are ideas for changing and adding to the programs and towards the back of the book you will find tips and hints on writing games of your own. Also in the bookisa conversion chart to help youadapt programs in magazines and other books for your micro anda summary ofthe BASIC terms used in this book. Typing in the programs Lines which need changing for computers other than ZX81 are marked with these symbols: 4 VICand Pet * BBCand Acorn Electron = TRS-80 © Apple s ZXSpectrum Every time you see the symbol forthe micro youare using, look below forthe corresponding line number with the same symbol and type that in instead. Petcomputers. VIC 20 versions of all except the graphics program should workon Points to remember 1 Type the lines exactly as they are printed including all punctuation and spaces. 2 Press RETURN, NEWLINE or ENTER key at the end of each programline. 3 Check each line as you go. 4 Make sure you don't miss outa line or confuse one with another. A piece of paper oraruler is useful to mark your place in the listing. 5 Look out for the symbols and make sure you use the correct lines for your computer. 6 Ifyouareusing a ZX81 or ZX Spectrum, remember not to type the program instructions letter by letter but to use the special key for each instruction instead. You may find it easier to get someone to read the program out to you while you type it in. Don't forget to explain that they must read every comma, fullstop, bracket and space and differentiate between letter “O" and zero, FOR and 4, and TO and2. Debugging programs When you have typed inthe program, check your manual to find out how to display it onthe screen. (Usually you type LIST followed by the line numbers of the section you want to see.)Check you have typed everything correctly. It is easy to make mistakes, so expectto find some. Use your manual to find out howto make changesto the program once itis typed in. Ifin doubt, you can always type the line again. All the computers will replace an existing line witha new one with the same number. Here is a checklist of common mistakes to look out for: 1 Line missed out 2 Line wrongly numbered 3 The beginning of one line joined onto the end of another. 4 Brackets, commas, colons, semi- colons, fullstops or spaces missed out, especially in long, complicated lines, Watch for double brackets in particular. 5 Wrongline used for your computer. 6 Letter “O” confused with zero. 1 Wrong numbers used, e.g. extra zeros included. Playing the games Tostart the game you must type RUN. In some games things happen very quickly, somake sure you have read the instructions and know what youare supposed to do. Itis quite likely that the program still hasa mistake init and either won't at all or the game won't work properly. Sometimes your computer will give you anerror code which you can look upin the manual. This may help you find the mistake, though not always. List the program again and check it carefully against the book. ‘When the game is over, the computer will usually say something like BREAKIN LINE 200. To play again, you have totype RUN. Experimenting with the games There are suggestions for changingand adding to the programs throughout the book, but don't be afraid to experiment with changes of your own. Youcan't damage the computer and youcan always change back to the original ifthe changes don't work. You will probably find you want to adjust the speed of some games,* especially after you have played thema number of times. You will find out which line to change on each program page. Wherever you see PRINT, youcan change the message in, quotes that follows it to} whatever youlike. Also, unless you have 2X81 with only IK, you canaddextra messages. Type a line number (say 105 if youwant toadd a message between lines 100and 110), then type PRINT, then your message inside quotes. Ifyour computer can make colours and sounds, you could use your manual to find out how they work and try adding them to the games in this book. *See page 37 for a special note for BBC and Spectrum users.Starship Takeoff Youare a starship captain, You have crashed yourshipona strange planet and must take off again quickly in the alien ship you have captured. The ship's computer tells youthe gravity on the planet. You must guess the force required fora successful take off. If you guess too low, the ship will notlift off the ground. If you guess too high, the ship’s fail-safe mechanism comes into operation to prevent it being burnt Pheu iHow the program works 4@i0 CLS ‘Clears the screen. 20 PRINT "STARSHIP TAKE-OFF" Computer selects two NT (RND#20+1) } ———— numbers - one between 1 and INT (RND#40+1) 20 to be put inG, the other between 1 and 40 tobe put in W. SO LET R=G8W ‘Multiplies the number inG by number in W. Puts result inR. 40 PRINT "GRAVITY= "56 Prints GRAVITY and number inG. 70 PRINT “TYPE IN FORCE" Asks you for a number. 80 FOR C=1 TO 10 This begins a loop which tells the computer to repeat the next section 10 times, to give you 10goes. 90 INPUT F ‘Stores your number in F. ‘Compares number in F with 100 IF F>R THEN PRINT “TOO HIGH"; number in Rand prints 110 IF F10 THEN PRINT ", TRY AGAIN" ——Printsifyou've hadless than 10 goes without a correct answer. 140 NEXT C —_____—————= End of loop. Goes back to 80 150 PRINT for another turn. 160 PRINT "YOU FAILED —" Prints after 10 unsuccessful 170 PRINT “THE ALIENS GOT YOU" 180 STOP 190 PRINT "GOOD TAKE OFF" The above listing will work on a ZX81.For other computers, make the changes below. @10 HOME 410 PRINT CHR$(147) *4@30 LET NT (RND (1) $20) w30 LET NT (RND (0) #20) #4040 LET NT (RND(1) #40) 40 LET NT (RND(O) #40) How to make the game harder ‘Youcan change the program togive youless than 10 goes. Dothisby : altering the last numberinline 80and | | Youcouldchange the range of possible eee | | forces. See if you can work out how. ‘same.Intergalactic Games Thereis fierce competition among the world’s TV companies for exclusive coverage of the First Intergalactic Games. Everything depends on which company wins the race to put a satellite into orbit at the right height. Youare the Engineer in charge of the launch for New Century TV. The crucial decisions about the angle and speed of the launching rocket rests on yourshoulders. Can you doit?(South) —— ¥ position —» (North) lurks Elron, the Evil Alien. You have managed to deactivate all but his short-range weapons but he can still make his ship invisible. You know he is somewhere within the three-dimensional grid you can see on your ship’s screen (see below), but where? _ You have four space bombs. Each one can be exploded at a position in the grid specified by three numbers between 0 and 9, which your computer will ask ‘you for. Can you blast the Evil Elron out of space before he _ and Se eeHow the program works PRINT "EVIL ALIE! LET S=10 Sets the size of the grid. LET G=4 ‘Sets the number of goes. M4040 LET X=INT(RNDSS) Elron’s position is fixed by km 4@50 LET Y=INT(RND#S) ‘these 3 lines, which select 3 = g | numbers between 0 and the ma@60 LET D=INT(RND¥S) aes 70 FOR Start of aloop which tellsthe computer to repeat the next 15linesG times. 80 PRINT "X POSITION (0 TO 9)?" 85 INPUT X1 90 PRINT “Y POSITION (0 TO 9) ‘This section asks you for too! INeuT yt your3 numbers and stores 110 PRINT “DISTANCE (0 TO 9)?" them in X1, Yl and D1. 120 INPUT D1 130 IF X=X1 AND Y=Y1 AND D=Di THEN GOTO 300 Checksif youwere 140 PRINT "SHOT WAS "5 right and jumps to 150 IF Y1>Y THEN PRINT "NORTH"; 300 if you were. 160 IF Y1X THEN PRINT "EAST"; ee eT 180 IF X1D THEN PRINT "TOO FAR" 210 IF D1)-“< fora difficulty number which it can put —~ [je intoS instead of S being fixed? (Tip: limit the value of Sto between 6 and 30and. ‘use INT(S/3) for the value of Ginline 30.)Sy F Beat the Bug Eyes You're trapped! Everywhere you turn you catch a glimpse of thesteely cold light of a space bug’s eyes before it slithers down behind arock again, Slowly the bugs edge towards you, hemming you in, waiting fora chance to bind you in their sticky web-like extrusions. Luckily ‘youhave your proton blaster with you. ‘The bug eyes pop up in four different places on your screen and these correspond to keys | to 4. Press the correct key while the bug’s eyesare onthe screen and you will blast it. There are 10 bugs in all- the moreyou blast, the greater your chance of escape. How the program works 10 PRINT "BUG EYES" Sets the score to zero for start 20 LET of game. 30 FOR T=1 TO 10 Beginning of loop which gives you 10 turns. 4040 CLS ————— Clears screen. _ Delay loop which lasts a xma@50 FOR I=1 TO INT(RND#30+20) varying length of time, 60 NEXT I depending on the value of LET R=INT(RND%4+1)———-— Chooses a number from 1 to 4 and putsit in R. GOSUB 210+308R ———— Jumps to one of four sub- ‘routines depending on the ‘GOSUB makes the computer branch out of the main toa position on the screen— “A” spaces across and “D” lines down - and then jumps again to 350 to move the cursor to this position. 90 PRINT “0O" Prints the “bug eyes" at this FOR I=1 TO 20 pesitlon: LET R#=INKEY$ IF R$<>"" THEN GOTO 140 pressing a key. If youare, NEXT I computer jumps to 140 and TF VAL("O"4R$)127 THEN GET R$ FOR J=1 TO 300Moonlander pC Og CO SOc tr Cece ume ttscn tits down to the moon’s surface. In order to land safely you must slow down yourdescent but that takes fuel and you have only alimitedsupply. Your computer will tell you your starting height, speed and fuel supply and ask how much fuel you wish to burn. It will then work out your new height and speed. A. bur of 5 will keep your speed constant. A higher number will reduce it. Try tohave your speed as close tozero as you can when you land. Can youland safely onthe CS ee Notice the commas and semi- colons in lines 70 and 80. Experiment with leaving rC tee) them out andchangingthem Sie ee round to see what happens. to ed Cees 50 LET [eas 70 PRINT “TIME";T, “HEIGHT"3H 80 PRINT “VEL. "3V, "FUEL" ;F 90 IF F=0 THEN GOTO 140 100 PRINT "BURN? (0-30)" ete Ota) 120 IF B3O THEN LET 140 IF B>F THEN LET B=F 150 LET V1=V-B+5 SU a) 170 IF (V¥14V)/2>=H THEN GOTO 220 ———— Tn as cc Tea Pe ama 210 GOTO 70 220 LET Vi=V+(S-B) #H/V 230 IF Vi>S THEN PRINT “YOU CRASHED-ALL DEAD" 240 IF V1>1 AND Vi<=5 THEN PRINT "OK-BUT SOME INJURIES" 250 IF V1<=1 THEN PRINT "GOOD LANDING.“ 260 STOP The above listing will work on a ZX81.For CE SRC Ceo Cr aca oy @10 HOME PO simon Ist yal RTs loge ee Mregor—_ How the program works Sets the starting values for Peon te enrol DEEL Seton ‘computer jumps down the paar ee are gS Peery ectony SEED eee eed commentary of your progress tcc Eco SL cae Teed Pee tecob et Pertti ta the correct limits. ToNOn CSCO nes ae TON ENC SCORE UA ULECS EC Cay tee et rg greater or equal to your Perera eee tg is, you've landed. Computer Oa et dart ake recite peer CROCS ECan eee Cee ——— Puts yournew velocity into V Prien pret om SEE cachet ar La od ee tenet eC Caer to Pere meet kong ECO Ee Cente sca Puzzle corner Youcould make the game easier by increasing the maximum speed allowed for a safe landing. How would you change the program to do this?Monsters of Galacticon Landing on Galacticon was easy— but no-one warned you that some of the nastiest monsters in the known Universe are to be found there. As each monster threatens, you must choose one of your weapons — aray gun, a trypton blaster ora sword laser —to use against it.Can you make the right choices? Ifso, you may live to conquer Galacticon. How the program works Sets up astorage place (an “array”)iabelled MS with 4 { compartments in it—MS(1), ‘MS(2), MS(3) and MS(4)— one foreach monstername. Sets the number of monsters tod. Sets the number of people in ‘your groupto5. Puts the 4 monster names into the array. ‘These lines shuffle the monsters up. Computer loops 10 PRINT "MONSTERS OF GALACTICON" 20 DIM Ms(4) 30 LET 40 LET 50 LET 60 LET 70 LET 80 LET 90 FOR 10 LET B=INT(RNDSN+1) 120 LET TS=48(A) land Nand switches the 150 LET M$(A)="8«B) names inthe compartments 140 LET M$(B)=TS ‘with those numbers. TS is: 150 NEXT I temporary string used during the switch round process. 160 FOR T=1 TO 8 Beginning of loop for 8 turns. 40170 CLS ‘Clearsscreen Ma@1g0 LET R=INT(RNDSN+1) 190 PRINT "MONSTER COMING. - ‘Chooses one of the monsters 200 PRINT “IT’S A ";M$(RD and prints its name. 210 PRINT "WHICH WEAPON ? (R,S OR T) * The computer uses the values 220 INPUT R®& in Rand R$ to work out a 250 LET W=CODE (R$) -S4+R ‘weapon number, W, which *MA240 LET W=W-3S8 (WS) -S8(W>6) will ,Sers. If Wis2, the computerjumps 250 IF W=2 THEN GOTO 300 to 300 to say you've killed the16 Alien Snipers .g. forM 4, you must type Q, Typing in a letter automatically triggers off letter is correct you'll score a hit. You can c ch game. This is a number between 1. See page 2 for meaning of @am*sHow the program works ae10 CLS 20 PRINT “ALIEN SNIPERS" 30 PRINT Gets a difficulty number from 40 PRINT “DIFFICULTY (1-10)" you, putsitin D, and checks it SO INPUT D is within the correct limits. 60 IF D<1 OR D>10 THEN GOTO 50 70 LET S=0 80 FOR G=1 TO 10 Sets opening score to zero. Beginning of loop which gives you 10 goes. skB4090 LET L$=CHR$ (INT (RND¥ (26-D) +38) )——Selectsaletterbetween A and the letter whichis your difficulty number before the end of the alphabet. LET N=INT(RNDSD+1) Selects a number between 1 and D. cis PRINT Prints the letter and the PRINT L$,N nambex: FOR I LET Is IF $< NEXT I 189 GOTO 200 TO 20+D45 ; NKEYS Checks if youare pressing a >"" THEN GOTO 190 Key and jumps to 160ifyou If you didn't press a key, computer jumps to line 200 which sends it back for another go Checksif you the pressed right key and, ifso, increases *M40190 IF I$=CHR$(CODE(L#)+N) THEN LET S=S+1——yourscoreby 1. 200 NEXT G End of loop. Goes back for PRINT "YOU HIT another fume "YOU HIT "33 "/10" ae Prints score after 10 goes. The above listing will work on a ZX81.For other computers, make the changes below. @10, 110 HOME 410,110 PRINT CHR$(147) 90 LET L$=CHR$ (INT (RND (0) #(26-D) +65)) 4070 LET L$=CHR$ (INT (RND (1) (26-D) +65)) $90 LET L®=CHRS (INT (RND §(26-D)+65)) W100 LET N=INT(RND(O) $D+1) %4@100 LET N=INT(RND(1)#D+1) M4140 FOR TO 200+D850 @140 FOR TO 100+D850 I¢="" *150 LET I$=INKEY$(1) 4150 GET Is @150 IF PEEK(-16384)>127 THEN GET I$ 190 IF I$=CHR$(ASC(L$)+N) THEN LET S=S+1Asteroid Belt Youare on atrip through the Asteroid Belt. To avoid crashing intothe asteroids, you must destroy them and the force required for doing this depends on their size. Asteroids appear on your computer screen as groups of stars. To destroy them you must press the number key corresponding tothe number of stars. Be prepared — asteroids come at you thick andifast.Changing the speed of the game Line 180 (190 for the BBC) controls how much time you have topressakey. Change the last number in 180, or the number in brackets in the BBC line 190, toalower number to speed up the game. Puzzle corner Se-4, Can you adapt the scoring #7 system so that, foreach Sep) | asteroid, youget the same number of points as thereTrip into the Future- Imagine youare ina / * nearly as fast as light. Strangely time is passing more slowly inside your spaceship than outside. So, having set off on along, fast space trip, you can return toEarth further in the future than the clocks inside your ship indicate. In this game, your computer tells you how many years must elapse on Earth before you return. You then decide the length of your trip (in light years) and the speed of your ship(as a fraction of the speed of light) in order to achieve this. Take care not to travel too far too slowly or ‘you will die of old age on the way. wh How the program works 4@10 CLS 20 PRINT “TRIP INTO THE FUTURE” Chooses a whole number xma@S0 LET T=INT(RND&100+25) between 25 and 124 forthe 40 PRINT "YOU WISH TO RETURN "37 years which must elapse 50 PRINT "YEARS IN THE FUTURE." ihefore your retarm, and peinte:it, 60 PRINT 70 PRINT "SPEED OF SHIP (0-1)" Gets a speed from you and 80 INPUT V checks itis within the correct 90 IF V>=1 OR V<=0 THEN GOTO 70 mits. 100 PRINT "DISTANCE OF TRIP" TTORiNeUTID Gets adistance from you. 120 LET T1=D/V ‘Calculates the time taken 20) ‘See page 2 for meaning of @am*LET T2=T1/SQR(1-V8Vv) PRINT "YOU TOOK "3T1; "YEARS" 150 PRINT “AND ARRIVED "372; "YEARS" Prints these times, 160 PRINT “IN THE FUTURE. 170 IF T1>SO THEN GOTO 210 ‘Checks if youtook longer than your lifetime (50 years). Jumpsto line 210 if youdid. 180 IF ABS(T-T2)<=5 THEN PRINT “YOU ARRIVED ON TIME"] Checksif 190 IF ABS(T-T2)>S THEN PRINT "NOT EVEN CLOSE” aa 200 STOP is yeacs 210 PRINT "YOU DIED ON THE way" and prints 220 STOP amessage. Puzzle corner Can you work out how to change the program to do the following things? The above listing will work on a ZX81.For other computers, make the changes below. @10 HOME 410 PRINT CHR$(147) §30 LET T=INT(RND(O) #100+25) ‘*4@30 LET T=INT(RND(1)#100+25) 1) Give a wider range of years which must elapse before you return to Earth. 2) Increase the accuracy required from within 5 years to within 2 years. 3)Shorten or lengthen your lifetime.7 (Aiia Death Valley There is only one way to escape the forces of the evil Dissectitrons. You will have to steel every nerve and fly your single-seater Speed Dart along the jagged, bottomless ravine known as Death Valley. Your computer will ask you for the width of the valley. Try 15* first and then work your way down 8 is quite difficult. Steer your Speed Dartby pressing Q to go left and P to go right, and see if you can make itsafely through Death Valley. *Ifyouare using a VIC 20, then use widths of 6 to10. -— —_ . 29— 10 LET CSINT(RNDSS+5) SO LET M=INT(RND$50+10) xP amount of money (M), price of 40 LET FP=INT(RND$40+80) food (FP) and amount of ore SO LET CE=INT(RND#40+80) produced per mine (CE) forthe start of the game. 60 LET C=0 ——___. sets the amount of ore in storage to zero forstart. 79 LET S=1 ‘Sets the satisfaction factor to 1. 80 LET Y=1 Sets the yearnumber to 1. kHA@F0 LET LP=INT(RND#2000+2000) ‘Selects buying/selling price formines. kM A@100 LET CP=INT(RNDE12+7) ‘Selects selling price for ore. 4@110 CLS 120 PRINT “YEAR’ 130 PRINT 140 PRINT “THERE ARE “;P;" PEOPLE IN THE COLONY” 150 PRINT "YOU HAVE ";L;" MINES,AND $"M 160 PRINT "SATISFACTION FACTOR ";S Prints current state 170 PRINT of affairs inthe 180 PRINT “YOUR MINES PRODUCED ";CE;" TONS EACH" icolony. 190 LET +CESL 200 PRINT “ORE IN STOR' 210 PRINT “SELLING” 3" ToNs" 220 PRINT “ORE SELLING PRICE="5CP 230 PRINT “MINE SELLING PRICE="5LP;"/MINE™ 240 PRINT "HOW MUCH ORE TO SELL?" Asks how much ore you want 250 INPUT CS to sell, puts it CSand checks 260 IF CSL THEN GOTO 290 ‘Does the same process for 320 LET L=L-LS selling mines. 330 LET M=M+LS#LP 340 PRINT 350 PRINT “YOU HAVE $"3M Prints yournew money supply. 360 PRINT 370 PRINT "BUYING" Asks how 380 PRINT "HOW MUCH TO SPEND ON FOOD ? (APPR. $100 EA.) ">=muchyou 390 INPUT FB ‘i wantto L spendon food and puts this in FB. 400 IF FBM THEN GOTO 380 ‘Checks youhave enough money topay. 410 LET MeM-FB Adjusts your money supply. 24 20 LET P=INT(RND$60+40) mines(L}numberofpeople(), ; | c420 430 440. 470 mAe540 550 kmA@560 570 580 590 600 410 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 699 700 710 ‘The above listing will work on a ZX81.For other computers, make the changes below. e110 aito 410, 20, 30, 40,50, 70, 100, 500, 510, 530 540, 540 change RND to RND(1) M10, 20, 30, 40,50, 90, 100, 500, 510, 550, 540, 560 change RND to RND(O) See page 2 for meaning of@am* IF FB/P>120 THEN LET according to how much you IF FB/P<80 THEN LET ‘spent on food. PRINT “HOW MANY MORE MINES TO BUY?" Asks how many mines you INPUT LB want to buy and checks you IF LBM THEN GOTO 440 canafford them. LET L=L+LB ‘Increases number of mines if necessary. cay. -LBSiP Adjusts your money again. IF S<.6 THEN GOTO 660 ‘Checks on value of satisfaction factor. Ifthisis very low, computer jumps to 660toendthe game. IF S>1.1 THEN LET CE=CE+INT1.1 THEN LET P=P+INT(RND&10+1) ‘More people arrive ifSis high. IF S<.9 THEN LET P=P-INT(RNDS10+1) —— People leave ifSis low. IF P<30 THEN GOTO 700 ‘Ifthere are less than 30 IF RND>.O1 THEN GOTO 590 peonsiseen eee PRINT “RADIOACTIVE LEAK....MANY DIE" Introduces small chance of LET NT (P/2) half the people being killed. IF CEC150 THEN GOTO 620 Ifthe amount produced per PRINT "MARKET GLUT - PRICE DROPS" Bess muneis very high orepice is pee ate moa idfiis loan T cs > andi il, IF YT THEN PRINT "YOU TOOK TOO LONG ABOUT IT" FeO ee LL T (RND¥10+5) ca IF G<12 THEN LET G$="MEDIUM" IF G<8 THEN LET G$="LOW" LET A=INT(RND*10+5) : eae cla pee eC Met) ee oO aS 5 see si PRINT "YOU ARE NOW ORBITING THE PLANET" oe mt ee oe) oe cet LM OR ae Ce 7 ae 7 PRINT "ATMOSPHERE IS ";AS as La 5 a sO he ee 5 pe - 2 fa SOM Me ch CS De pt ea} : ee (my IF B>=G%10 THEN GOTO 770 aeante et Eee : eer: PaBeet IT) = _ : Paste gs) LRA) ” 760 GOTO 840 ese eee SSUES ho (ee) cic Se LM yet 8 NR PA Tem clOhte EL xe) 800 PRINT "YOU LANDED SUCCESSFULLY — WELL DONE" 810 IF X-S-H>25 THEN GOTO 840 + 820 PRINT "PITY YOU DON*T HAVE ENOUGH" 830 PRINT "ENERGY TO OPEN THE DOOR" CT ee Pir Sats 1010 PRINT "YOU ARE ABOUT TO EMBARK ON A" 1020 PRINT "MISSION TO A DISTANT PLANET" 1030 PRINT "IN URGENT NEED OF MEDICAL" 1040 PRINT "SUPPLIES. YOU MUST FIRST READY" 1650 PRINT "YOUR SHIP FOR THE TRIP BY" Ser Kema SLM VMs) o Om ON MERLE aS) aT ao +1076 PRINT "ENERGY TO THE ENGINES, SHIELDS" ~ 1080 PRINT "AND LIFE-SUPPORT. YOU ARE" 1090 PRINT "THEN PUT TO SLEEP FOR THE MAIN" Cee sO LMR eS en te MS Ce aa 1110 PRINT "YOU WILL GET A REPORT OF THE’ 1120 PRINT "EVENTS ON THE WAY. YOU MUST" 1130 PRINT "THEN LAND ON THE PLANET..... 1140 PRINT "PRESS ANY KEY" ma01150 IF INKEY$="" THEN GOTO 1150 (ve) RETURN BCTV OCCU RnR os Sores. co aod Cee ee R en cn ete co teet rs lan DEVO MES Edits. Xe) ane xa@all RND to RND(1) Cte peace Re SACP SOP COMETS) 410,250,470, 730,1160 PRINT CHR$(147) emae60 IF LEFTS(1$,1)="Y" THEN GOSUB 1000 #840310 ON INT(RNDS4+1) GOTO 320, 350,380,410 Wae430 FOR J=1 TO 500 *430 FOR J=1 TO 1000 SBR eae ag cic #1150 GET Is ‘ Ski) z maiiSO GET If : IF I$="" THEN GOTO 1150 P:3 7Adding to the game This game is really made up of two parts. In the first part you set off on your space journey with the aim of orbiting the planet and in the second you attempt to land on the planet. You could perhaps try adding a third partin which you make the treacherous crossing from the landing site tothe Intergalactic Red Cross H.Q.Touchdown This game is different from the others in this book because it uses graphics. Peet oh Coe ua ct ono me Cent eey pee a rte er entree ene C re Ce tag RC GE Cs ait ture heen oI Crecens earns oni ie How to play Touchdown Ace space pilot, Captain Flash, is sitting next to you as you take the final part of your Advanced Spacecraft Handling Test (Part II). Your lightweight, two-man landing craft is rapidly approaching the Moon's surface. Your velocity must be almost zero as you touch down. Deftly you control the thrust, pressing A to increase it and D to decrease it, watching your progress on the screen all the time. If you use too much thrust youwill begin to go back up again. Too little and you will make anew crater onthe Moon. Can you impress Captain Flash with your skill ? ioe PORE OTC Coma ree nCanckatersast ig key to decrease it. SO UR Rel) Pree Ree Geers) RTM ut Tec eese aa er Sees 0 eee eee cer LS ace 3S M3$=CHR$ (131) +CHR$ (135) +STRINGS Pe RSOR oT kee bet ees) Cc eo eet ery 60 C=1:G0SUB 390 a ees aay co Stora 90 GOSUR 460 100 rete ran etem ee ee 120 VI=Y-T/20+6 2 F=F-T/10 Stone een e ya Cremer tere cet 150 IF Hi¢O THEN 200 ee aE re ee Ftc ey SCC ee en es te sr PoC eon era Por ee res irs Pee at Ce tar) ee Oe ee Sea Pree atta tec erg 320 SET (X,47-INT(RND (0) #5) ) casas aoa aS Oe tee aa J 30) cr aa 365 Sa ee er) cana co cre ora) oor ce) ert a ert re ra re oo are rat 620 rata rere rete rae re 680 eee Pees ere ae RETURN pete rena) PRINT @Y,3 : IF C=1 THEN PRINT Pee merase Le ee eG THEN OS ee ed an ctor DUM hes Cee a PRINT M3$; ELSE PRINT CHRS rr amy Na eeseE ee) Omen Leese ary A IZ Cota pened Tae r ee oer a Seer eC pet Oa ee cee eel ied RETURN oe ese) PRINT @INT(RND(O) ¥1024) oes Ln RETURN orn SO ae SeSC eae PACS IF (V#V1)<8 THEN PRINT ee OL 0 RETURN ia ct ae etnag emg y.BTC [e EOP Re prt Mm eC rarer eon 25 POKE 36879,8 Same itd 40 GOSUB 250 rece ets) merece etre Bee arya) Deyo eet ered To ferret ere) Peter tt ea a ere ma Se oem Swe ee Bete) Tomer 1 eee ane rm ST eet eso pC emcreL eer) care GOSUB Pete eer pra Pres ae por ea ety 270 G=(FNR(40) +40) /100 Pee ait) ny IgG e EES eSD) ara) re =100:T=0 a eee Te. CST Se ge ee eee ae) esa Sms 350 PRINT 355 PRINT ec ccae ROME 8 Sto eee ee SOL Salt) errno Bord re or erty ovr era ord a 440. rea cra cor cr Se cere r TSU ema eye) eee Bee Sas POKE Y#22,160 : POKE Y+23, 160 ane ee re emer Cees POKE Y+Z,32 : POKE Y#7+1,32 aes aa oo. Pe oeeeey IF X100 THEN T=100 Ce ee es GES) coed ee ed RETURN CSC h mer cet ra) eee ee) nea Sr NEXT PRINT “LOST IN SPACE! aa ULM SOC rene Ale ist tmr MED ULAR OEOE IPSC NEO ORC Met Mt taS a eo ar OU ee at) CCR eC Cog Css cgBt Weed CL) mee ) LET BE="£6b666666666666666566 3" Pre eet) Eee mers) omens Peet eee) cre ae te 77 GOSUB 460 80 LET A=2 eee) Cmte ss) Cee eo CPt or Cran aT Tne To eas rae ee ra PRComerct ns) Pere a eo eee Serna ae ea cea at Onn ze ret S10 RETURN Prem Ramee sO ac) PCO eee) IF I$="A" THEN LET T=T+4 150 IF Hi100 THEN T=100 IF I="D" THEN T=T-4 ct i) eae es Coa eae! PRINT Coat Ce era eed aoe tn Rin aO EEL IVaC) CaS ee Zee Mat tear) PRINT "ALL DEAD" : RETURN i Oa ea ae SRR gee Ma ere no Crag CD eRe L Mi eend eciaeMe aesSzxi7 *mAe17 Adding tothe programs Here are some ideas for additions youcan make to the programs in this book or to your own programs. In most cases you won't be able to add these to a ZX81 with only 1K as the games themselves fill almost all its memory space, but youshould find there is plenty of room on the other computers. Remember you will either have to restrict your additions to the spare line numbers in a program or renumber the program. If you decide to renumber, take care you change all the GOTO and GOSUB lines too. mszx1010 1010 @1010 GET Is Getting the computer to tell you how to play Youcanadda section to any program to make the computer print instructions telling you what to do. The easiest way todo this is to add some lines, such asthose below, at the beginning of the program and then puta sub-routine at the end. 10 PRINT "TITLE OF GAME” 41 PRINT "DO YOU WANT TO” 12 PRINT "KNOW HOW TO PLAY?" 15 INPUT I¢ IF 1scbyarye IF LEFTS(I$, 1 THEN GOSUB 1000 YY" THEN GOSUR 1000 main program goes here 1000 PRINT “WHAT YOU HAVE TO" 1010 PRINT “Da IS.. 1999 RETURN You can add as many print statements as you like for the instructions, just remember to put a number andthe one. Restrict the length of the part inside the quotation marks tothe number of characters your computer can print on one line. Don't forget to puta RETURN line atthe end or the program won't work. S2x7 word PRINT at the beginning of each xmae7 Ifyour instructions are very long, you may want to insert this sub-routine which stops the program running ata particular point until you press a key. This way you can stop the instructions scrolling off the top of the screen before you have read them. Puta GOSUB line at the place you want the program to stop and then put this sub- routine at the end. 1000 PRINT "PRESS A KEY TO CONTINUE “s IF INKEY8="" THEN GOTO 1010 I8=GETS O10 GET 18 + TF 1 1020 PRINT 1050. RETURN “* THEN GOTO 1010 Making the computer “talk” to Youcan make the computer ask you questions and react to your answers. For instance, here is an addition which will make the computer refuse to play with you unless your name begins with J 1 PRINT “WHAT 1S YOUR NAME?" 2 INPUT 18 3 IF T8(1)<>"3" THEN GOTO 1000 3 IF LEFTS(I8,1)<>"J" THEN GOTO 1000 4 PRINT “OK-YOU CAN PLAY." 5 PRINT “ARE YOU READY?" & INPUT as. IF J8(1)<>"Y" THEN GOTO S TF LEFTS(J8,1)<>"Y" THEN GOTO 5. main program here 1000 PRINT 1010 PRINT 1020 PRINT 1030 PRINT “SORRY THIS GAME 15" “ONLY FOR PEOPLE “WHOSE NAMES BEGIN" “wiTH J”Here is another one where the computer dares you to be brave enough to play. 10 PRINT “VERY SCAREY GAME" 12 PRINT “ARE YOU BRAVE ENOUGH" 14 PRINT “TO TACKLE THE GREEN" 15 PRINT “HAIRY MONSTER?" INPUT I IF Isc IF LEFTS (18, PRINT “COWARI 49 STOP THEN GOTO 20 THEN GOTO 20 You could combine this withthe instruction sub-routine by taking lines 11 to 17 from the instructions section on this page and putting them at lines 20 to 26 of this program. You canthen start the main program at line 30and. add the instruction sub-routine at the end. Would you like another go? Instead of typing RUN each time you playagame, you can make the computer ask you if you'd like another go. Put these lines at the end ofthe program, just before the last STOP ‘statement. 1000 PRINT "DO YOU WANT ANOTHER GO?" 1010 INPUT I S$ 2X1020 IF I$ (1)="¥" THEN RUN 9KMA@1020 IF LEFTS (18, 1)="Y" THEN RUN 1030 PRINT “OK THEN - BYE" 1040 STOP Change line numbers according to your program. Adding sound effects The BBC, VIC 20, ZX Spectrumand some Apples are able toproduce sounds and you can add lines to your programs to make them do soat appropriate places. You could addan_ explosion for instance, or alittle tune which plays if you win. Allthe computers need different instructions tomake sounds though, so you will have to look at your manual. Insome cases you canadd a single line toyour program at the place you wantthe sound. In others, you need several lines and it is best to put these inasa sub-routine. Asan example, here is the sound of ashot for the BBC. You canexperiment with where to putit in the program, but you must give it a line number tomake itwork: SOUND 0, -15,5,10 Atthe back of the VIC manual you will find some useful sub-routines for sounds such as “laser beam”, “explosion” and “red alert”. Puta GOSUB line where you want the sound toappear, number the sub-routine and adda RETURN atthe end of it Special notefor BBC and + Spectrum users ** Ifyou have a BBC ora ZX Spectrum you may find that some of the games inthis book run too fast for you. You will find a box next to these games containing instructions for changing the speed. Remember, to slow the game up you always need tousea higher number. Later models of the BBC may run upto twice as fast as the earlier models, and this could make the games appear impossible on the first run. Be prepared to make big changes tothe speed number to correct this. 3738 Writing your own programs As you work through the games in the book, you will probably find yourself making more and more changes to them and eventually wanting to write new games of your own. On these two pages you will find some hints on how to set about doing this. Before you start, it isa good idea to stop and think about what your computer can and cannot do. items of information in various ways. *Itcan tell you the results ofits calculations and decisions and also whatis stored in its memory. *Itcan make decisions by comparing *Itcan select numbers at random by using RND. *Provided youuse its language correctly, it can do only exactly what youtell it, even ifitis silly Remember, when youare trying to work outa game, not toinclude anything which your computer won't beable todo.Planning agame Before you can tell the computer how to play your game, you must know exactly how to play it and what the rules are yourself. The computer will needa series of simple logical instructions, so work out your game in your head or on paper first andthen break it down into simple steps. Next write a plan (in English— don't try to use BASIC yet) of all the stages of the game in order. Here is a plan for a simple shooting game, suchas firing cannon balls ata pirate ship or shooting laser beams at analien invader, to give you anidea. PLAN 1) Print TITLE AND INSTRUCTIONS 2) CHOOSE A TARGET FOR THIS GAME 3) BEGIN A LOOP To GIVE THE PLAYER N GOES 4) GET A SHOT FROM THE PLAYER 5) CHECK IF SHOT was ON TARGET 6) PRINT MESSAGE DEPENDING ON ACCURACY OF SHOT 7) 40 BACK FOR ANOTHER Go IF SHOT WAS UNSUCCESSFUL Writing the program ‘The next stage is toconvert your plan into BASIC. Each step in your planmay need several lines in BASIC. Don't forget to leave gaps when numbering your program lines so you can goback and add extra ones if youneedto. Doa first draft of the programon paper first and then start testing on the computer. Your computer will spot errors much more quickly than you will see them yourself and may give youa clue as to what is wrong. Remember that debugging programs is along, tedious process even for expert programmers, so don't expect Once you have got the core of the program working, you can add toit. Scoring, extra comments, more targets etc. can all be incorporated later. You could add sections from the programs in this book to your games. Don't expect to be able to write exciting and original games straight away. Keep your ideas very simple and be prepared to adapt them as you go along. You may find youhave included something in your game whichis easy for humans to do but very difficult for a computer. As you get more experienced you willbegin to know instinctively what your computer can do and find it easierto write programs for it. 39Summary of BASIC This section lists some common BASIC words and describes what they make the computer do and how they are used. Most of them have beenused in the programs in this book, so you can check back through the book tosee how they work in a game. Not alll the words can be used on allthe computers mentioned in this book. The conversion chart on page 46 shows what you can use instead. LET tells the computer to label a section ofits memory and puta particular value in it e.g. LET A=6means labela section of memory “A” and put the value 6 in it. “A” is called a “variable” and putting something in itis called “assigning a value toa variable”. Some variable labels are followed by a dollar sign e.g. AS. This means they are for “strings”, which can contain any number of characters, including letters, numbers and symbols. PRINT tells the computer to display things onthe screen and you can use it in several ways: Amessage enclosed in quotation marks with PRINT in front of it will be displayed on the screen exactly as you typed it. The section inside quotes does not have to be in BASIC, it can be anything you like. PRINT followed by a variable label e.g. PRINT A or PRINT A$ tells the computer to display the contents of that variable on the screen. PRINT can also do calculations and then display the results e.g. PRINT 6*4-will make the computer " Jdisplay 24. Youcan use PRINT by itself to leave an empty RND tells the computer to choose a number at random. Different computers use different forms of RNDand you can see what these are inthe conversion chart on page 46. On Sinclair computers D by itself produces a number between 0and 19999999, You can vary the limits of the number it chooses by multiplying RND and adding to it. E.g. RND*20 produces a number between and 19,99999999, while RND*20+ 1 produces anumber between 1 and 20.99999999. See INT for how to produce only whole numbers. See CHR$ for how to produce letters and other 40 keyboard characters at random.INT is short for integer, which means whole number. For positive numbers, it tells the computer toignore everything to the right of the decimal point. E.g. INT(20.999) is 20. For negative numbers, itignores everything to the right of the decimal point and “increases” the number to the left of itby ‘one e.g. INT(—3.6) is —4. INT is often used with RND, like this: INT(RND*20 + 1) which tells the computer you want itto choose a whole number between 1 and 20. CHRS$ converts numbers into letters. Apart fromthe 2X81, all the computers in this book use the ASCII*set of keyboard characters in which each character corresponds to a certain number. E.g. letter A has the code number 65 and PRINT CHRS(65) will display an A on the screen. Youcan use CHR$ with INT and RND to make the computer select random letters, like this: CHRS(INT(RND*26+65)) This line will produce random letters on aZX Spectrum (see conversion chart for other computers). FOR is used to start a “loop” which will make the computer repeat part ofa programacertain number of times. It must be followed by avariable (such as G to stand for the number of goes allowed ina game), and the variable must be given start and end values (suchas 1 TO 10.) The end of the loop is marked by a NEXT line (NEXT Gin this example) which increases the value of the variable by 1 each time and then sendsthe computer back to the FOR line again. When the variable reaches its end value, the computer ignores the NEXT line and carries on to the line which follows it. Every FOR must have a NEXT or you will geta bug. INPUT labels a space in the computer's memory, prints a question mark and then waits for youto type something which it can put in this memory space. It will not carry on with the rest ofthe program until you press RETURN, ENTER or NEWLINE. You can use number or string variables with INPUT, but if you use a number variable the computer will not accept letters from you. * American Standard Code for Information Interchange (see page 45)INKEYS checks the keyboard to see ifa keyis being pressed and if so which one. It does not wait for youto press a key like INPUT does. It isusually used ina loop which makes the computer goround checking the keyboard lots of times. Thisis because computers work so quickly, you wouldn't have achance of pressing a key inthe time ittakes the computer to do one check. If you haven't pressed a key before the loop finishes, the computer carries on witha string containing nothing (called a “null” string). NB Apple and VIC do not use INKEYS. GET is used instead of INKEY$ on VIC and Pet computers. GOTO makes the computer jump up or down the program ignoring the lines in between. You must put the number of the line you want it to jump to. after the GOTO instruction. GOSUB tells the computer to leave the main program and go toa sub-routine. GOSUB mustbe folowed by the number of the first line of the sub- routine. Atthe end of the sub-routine you must have aRETURN line. This sends the computer back to the main program to the line immediately following the GOSUB line. A GOSUB without a RETURN ina program will give a bug. IF... THEN tells the computer to decide ifan expression is true or false, and do different things depending on the answer. It is used with the following signs, and also with AND or OR: =the same as greater than <=less than or the same as > =greater than or the same as <>not the same as Ifthe computer decides an expression is true, it carries on to do the instruction which follows THEN. If it decides itis false, it ignores the rest of that line and goes onto the nextone.CLS is used to clear everything off the screen without removing or changing anything in the memory. It is useful for removing the listing from the screen at the beginning of a RUN or ingames when you want the player to react tosomething seen fora limited amount of time. (NB Apple and VIC do not use CLS ~ see conversion chart). HOME is used by Apple computers instead of CLS toclear the screen. ABS ignores plus and minus signs in front of numbers and takes their “absolute” values. E.g. ABS(—10)is 10 and ABS( +10) is also 10. VAL takes the numeric value of numbers writtenas strings. In effect, it ells the computer to ignore the dollar sign and treat the string as an ordinary number variable. E.g. if1$="60" then VAL(S) isthe number 60. ASC converts a character into its ASCII code number e.g. ASC("3") gives 51. The expressionin brackets must be a string e.g. ASC(A$) or ASC(‘'20"). NBZX8] and ZX Spectrum do not use ASC, though the Spectrum does use the ASCII code. CODE is used by 2X81 and Spectrum in place of ASC. Like ASC it must always be followed bya string. Remember that the ZX8] uses different code numbers from the other computers. TAB moves the cursor across the screentoa specified column number. It is usually used with PRINT to display something in the middle ofthe screen. The number of spaces you want the cursor moved is put in brackets after TAB. The maximum number you can use depends on the screen width of your computer.SGN tells the computer to find out the sign ofa number, It produces — 1 fora negative number, 0 for zero and +1 for positive numbers. E.g. SGN(-—30)is — 1, SGN(7) is + 1 and SGN(0) is 0. DIM tells the computer how much memory space will be needed for an “array” (a row ora grid). E.g. DIM X(6) tells the computer to set aside anarea large enough to contain a row of 6elementsand labelled X. DIM A(8,8) means amemory space labelled A and big enough to take 8 elements across and 8 downis needed. The number of elements of data used in the program must correspond to the numbers in brackets after DIM or you will get a bug. SQR takes square roots of numbers. E.g. SOR(16) gives the answer 4 SIN calculates the sine ofan angle. Ina right-anglec triangle the length of the side opposite an angle, divided by the length ofthe hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle) is the sine of thatangle. When youuse SIN ina program, the angle youare using it with must be measured in radians, not degrees. ATNis one of the trig. functions which computers can calculate (see also SIN above). It stands for arctangent and it is important to remember that it gives an answer in radians, not degrees, Youwill need to use a maths book to find out how this works ifyoudo not already know about it STOP tells the computer not to go any further ina program. Computers other than the ZX8] can use ENDinstead. PEEK is a way of finding out whatis in aspecific area of the computer's memory. Youneed to use it with a number which specifies an “address” inthe memory, NB not used on BBC. POKE isa special way of putting information inthe computer's memory by usinga memory “address”. NBnot used on BBCASCII chart 2X81 code chart Code jasc | Code |ascut Code | zxe1 Code | 2x81 number | character| number |character | | number | character] number |character 32 space | 62 >| far ” re 33. |! 63 |? | 12 £ 42 iE | 34 x 64 @ [13 | $ 4a iF | | 35 # 65 A | [44 : 4 1G [36 | $ 66 B [15 2 45 | H 31 % 67 c 16 | ( a 38 C& 68 | D | [az ) 41 39 "| 69 E 18 > 48K 40 ( 70 F |< 49 [41 >) 1 |G 20 |= | 50 | M 42 : 2 | 21 + 51 | N 43 | 73 I 22 52.0 | [a4 |? | 74 I 23 z 53 | P 45 15 K [247 54 Q 46 % | L 25 55 |R 47 / 71 M 26 56 |S 48 0 78 N az. 57. | T_ 49 1 79 ° 28 [0 58 | U 50 2 | 80 P 29 1 59 |v 51 3 81 Q [30 | 2 60 |W 52 4 82 R 31 [3 61 x 53 5 83 s 32.14 62 ¥ 6 a4 TT 33. | 5 6 |Z 7 85 U 34-6 8 86 Vv [35 | 7 9 87 |W 36 (| B : | : 88 x 37+ 9 ; so Y 38 «| A < 90 Zz 39 |B 7 40 [Cc Chart of screen sizes Max. number of Max. number of characters across lines down (or number of columns} (or number of rows) vic 20 22 23 TRS-80 64 16 BBC 20/40/80 16/24/32 2X81 32 22 | 2X Spectrum 32 22, Apple 40 25 45Conversion chart This quick reference chart shows some of the variations in the BASIC used by the machines inthis book. Itdoes not include instructions for graphics, sound or colour as these vary so enormously from machine tomachine. Note also that although most computers (except the BBC) use PEEK and POKE, they do not use the samesystem of memory addresses, so the numbers used with PEEK and POKE must be changed for eachcomputer. BBC VIC/Pet Apple TRS-80 ZX Spectrum Select random number between 0 RND(I) RND(!) RND(I) RND(O) RND and 0,99999999 Select random number between 1 RND(N) RND()"N+1 | RND()"N+) RND() RND*N+1 andN Select random letter CHRS(INT(RND(1) | CHRS(INT(RND(1) a a Select randomletter | cHps(RND(26) +64) 9665); Tye 66) | CHRSCRND(26)+-64)| CHRSCNT(RND*26--65)) Clearscreen CLS PRINT CHR$(147) HOME CLS ‘CLS Check keyboard to m=" " - a seeifkey being INKEYS(N) GETX$ IF PEEK(— 16384) INKEY$ INKEY$ pressed > 127 THEN GET XS} Convert characters | ASC(“X”) ASC(‘X") ASC(‘X") ‘ASC(“X") CODE("X") CODE(“X") into code numbers (using ASCII code) | (using ASCII code) | (using ASCII code) | (using ASCII code) (using ASCII code) (using ZX81 code) ‘Move cursor up PRINT CHRS(11) | PRINTCHRS(45)| CALL 998 | PRINTCHRS(27) | PRINTCHRS(11) PRINT CHRS( Move cursor down PRINT CHRS(10) PRINT CHR$(17) PRINT CHRS(10) PRINT CHR$(26) PRINT CHRS(10) PRINT CHRS(; Move cursorleft PRINT CHRS(®) | PRINTCHRS(157) | PRINTCHRS(®) | PRINTCHRS(24) | — PRINTCHRS() PRINT CHRS( Movecursorright | PRINTCHRS(9) | PRINTCHRS(@29) | PRINTCHRS(@1) | PRINT CHRS(25) PRINT CHRS(@) PRINT CHRS(115) Take IstN TakelstN cing | _LEFTSASN) LEFTS(ASN) LEFTS(AS,N) LEFTS(AS.N) ASTON) AS(TON) TakelastN ctstring | RIGHTS(ASN) | RIGHTS(ASN) | RIGHTS(ASN) | RIGHTS(AS.N) ASINTO ) AS(NTO ) Take middle N | datactace deer MIDS(A$,N1,N2) MID$(AS,N1,N2) MIDS(AS,N1,N2) ‘MID$(AS,N1,N2) AS(N1TON2) AS(N1TON2) 46Answers You may find that your answers to some of the puzzles are different to the ones given here. As long as they work on your computer then this, doesn’t really matter, but check to ,. see if they are as neat and simple as the answers in the book. Page5 Starship Takeoff Lines 30 and 40 select the numbers which determine what the force will be. To increase the range of possible forces, you can increase either the 20 in line 30, or the 40 in line 40, or bothof these numbers. Increasing the range of forces will obviously make the game more difficult Page7 Intergalactic Games Change lines 222 and 230 as follows: 222 LET B=R+INT (1000/6) 230 GOTO 20 and add anew line 15: 15 LET Bo Page Evil Alien Change lines 20 and 30 and add anew line 25 as follows: 20 25 x0 PRINT "HOW DIFFICULT? (& TO 30)" INPUT S LET G=INT(S/3) Page11 Beat the Bug Eyes To make the bugs appear in more than four places on the screen, you need to puta higher number than 4 inthe middle of line 70, change line 80 and add more sub-routines at the end of the program—one for eachextra position Here are the changes to make the bugs appear in places: 70 LET REINT(RNDES #1) $2x80 GOSUP 220+208R MA@EO ON R GOSUB 240, 240, 280, 300,320 240 245 250 260 265 270 280 2es 290 300 305 S10 320 325 330 LET Des, LET @=1 SOTO 350 LeT Ler GoTo 350 Let LET Aqie GoTo 350 LET D=10 LET A=7 GOTO 350 You can use any numbers. you like for A and D provided they will fit on your screen. GOTO 350 Toadd more bugs, change the 10in lines 30 and 220 toa higher number. (Make sure you use the same number for both lines.) Page 13 Moonlander To increase the speed allowed fora safe landing, you need tomake changes to lines 230, 240 and 250. You can use any numbers you like ~ the higher they are the easier the game willbe. Inthis example, youare allowed a speed of 2 for agood landing and 7 for an OK landing: 250 IF V1D7 THEN PRINT “YOU CRASHED ~ ALL DEAD" 240 IF V1>2 AND V1¢=7 THEN PRINT “OK “BUT SOME INJURIES" 250 IF V: THEN PRINT “GOOD LANDING" Page 15 Monsters of Galacticon Four ways of making this game harder are: 1 Start the game with less people in the group by putting a smaller number than Sin line 40. 2 Increase the number of monsters by changing the 4 in lines 20 and 30. Add 47extra monster names at lines 81 to 89 using MS(5) and MS(6). 3 Reduce the number of goes allowed byaltering the 8 in line 160. 4 Increase the chance of the monster being angered in line 330 by increasing .4 a little. Page 17 Alien Snipers Inthis game, Nis the code number. To change the scoring to fit the code number you need to increase the score by Neach time instead of 1.So, change line 190 as follows: S2X190 IF I$=CHR (CODE (L$) +N) THEN LET S=S+n HMA@190 IF TS=CHRSCASCILS) +N) THEN LET S=SeN Page 19 Asteroid Belt Youneed to change line 260 so thatthe computer adds the number of starsto your score instead of 1. The number of stars is controlled by the value chosen for Nin line 70, so, asin the puzzle above, you need to add Nto thescore. Youalso need to change line 320. 260 LET 8-5+N 320 PRINT "YOU SCORED “;S;" POINTS" Page 21 Trip into the Future 1 Toincrease the range of years which must elapse before youreturn to Earth, change the 100inline 30 toa higher number, e.g. 150, like this: 30 LET T=INT(RND#150+25) 2 Toincrease the accuracy from5to2 years, change the §s in lines 180and 19002, like this: 190 IF ABS(T~12)<=2 THEN PRINT “YOU ARR Me™ IVED ON THI 190 IF _ABS(T-T2)>2 THEN PRINT "NOT 48 EVEN CLOSE" 3 Line 170 contains the number which determines the length of your lifetime. Change the 50 toa higher number fora longer lifetime. Page 23 Death Valley Youcan make the valley longer by changing the number in line 30to something higher than 200. Page 25 Space Mines Add these lines to make the computer ask if you would like another game: 645 PRINT “ANOTHER GAME? (TYPE Y OR ND“ 646 INPUT As 647 IF AS="¥" THEN GOTO 10 You must then a new line at Sand change line 30 to add the money you ended up with at the end of the game tothe money allowed for thenew game: 5 LET M=0 30 LET M=M+INT (RND850+10) #P (Make sure youuse the correct version of RND for your computer.) First published in 1982 by Usborne Publishing Ltd, 20 Garrick Street, London WC2E 9B}, England. © 1982 Usborne Publishing Ltd ‘The name Usborne and the device = are Trade marks of Usborne Publishing Ltd. Allrights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher.Usborne Computer Programs Each of these colourful new books contains 14 simple games programs to play on a microcomputer.” Alongside the programs there are explanations of how théy work and puzzles and suggestions for ways of changing them. Through playing these games even complete beginners will quickly begin to understand how a simple program works and be itching to write their own. There are tips and hints on writing programs and a summary of BASIC at the back of each book and also a chart which will help you convert programs in magazines and other books to work on your micro. “The programs in these books are suitable for use on the following micros: ZX81, BBC, TRS-80, VIC 20, Pet, Apples which use Palsoft BASIC and ZX Spectrum. omni MICRO computers play Space they work and what they for absolute beginners. —_ Invaders, chess and can do, with lots ofideas With lots of programsto _other games, with lots of for things you can do run on any tips on how to beat the with a micro. microcomputer. computer. Published in Canada by Hayes Publishing Lad, $812 Mainway, Burington, Ontario, Canada, LTMLA7. Published in the USA by Hayes Books, 4235 South Memorial Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma, ISBN 0 86020 683 1 v282 £1.99