03/06/2016

LearnSAPTesting:CreateyourFirstSAPTestCase

Learn SAP Testing: Create your First SAP Test Case

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Introduction to SAP

The basic idea behind introducing SAP (System

Products) was to provide the customers the abi
common corporate databases for a compre
applications. SAP is an integrated ERP (En
Planning) to make business process work efficie

Following Video will explain the need of ERP sof

an enterprise

What is SAP? Why do we need ERP?

SAP suite contains different modules such as SAP FICO, SD, MM, HR, etc.
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SAP Testing Consultant- a Career choice

What is meant by SAP implementation?
What is SAP customization?
What is maintenance of SAP software?
SAP End to End lifecycle and corresponding Testing Phases
Types of Testing Applicable to SAP applications
How to create a SAP Test Case
Automated Testing of SAP Applications
Performance Testing of SAP Application

SAP Testing Consultant- a Career choice

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Skill Set

To become a SAP tester you need following skill sets

1. Testing knowledge
2. Functional knowledge of the module being tested.

Typical WorkDay

On any typical work day you will be busy understanding requireme

creating test cases , executing test cases , reporting and re-testing b
review meetings and other team building activities.

Career Progression

Your career progression as a software tester (QA Analyst) in typical

company will look like following but will vary from company to com

QA Analyst(Fresher) =>Sr. QA Analyst(2-3 year experience)=>

Coordinator(5-6 year experience> =>Test Manager(8-11 experien
Test Manager (14+ experience)

How SAP Testing is more lucrative than other testing projects ?

While testing any AUT ,

1. You acquire deep functional knowledge of the AUT. Without sufficient knowledge of AUT
2. Hone your testing skills
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As with any IT company , you move from one project to another in due course of time. All the
did to understand the functionality of AUT is obsolete in the new project. This is typically true
switching projects across domains say telecom to healthcare.

In case of SAP, the functional knowledge you acquire is portable and can be used in other pro
you are switching jobs. In your old company you were testing billing software for Vodafone. W
hood that the same project is available in your new company ? Next to Zero.

Now consider this case. You are switching from SAP Testing project to another SAP Testing pr
company. You instantly recognize the GUI , Transaction codes, vanilla business workflows wh
advantage. You will need to learn the customizations made by the client but still you need a d
the software.

The biggest advantage as SAP Tester is that due to the deep functional knowledge you
easily become a SAP Functional Consultant! SAP Consultants are in huge demand & they a
on short supply and command premium salaries.

What is meant by SAP implementation?

Consider this scenario. Company A offers 12 annual leaves. Company B offers 20 annual leav
deducted for any employee who uses 13th or 21st annual leave for Company A & B respective
information must be configured into the SAP system which is nothing but SAP implement
configuration.

The SAP vanilla version is powerful but not much useful until its customized and configured
business policies, legal stipulations, & technical requirements of a company. This process is c
implementation. It could typically take a few months to even years.

What is SAP customization?

SAP by far has the highest collection of Business Process. But sometimes your internal comp
many not be accurately mapped using the readily available SAP business transactions.

In such cases custom code is created using ABAP. It involves code changing to create func
not available through configuration. This is nothing but customizations. SAP customization
to generate custom reports, programs, or enhancements.

What is maintenance of SAP software?

Once the SAP system is configured, customized, deployed and made live any changes
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system is termed as Maintenance. This could include

New Feature addition to the SAP System
Bug Fixes
SAP Kernel Updates
Support Pack & Stack Updates
OSS note implementation

SAP End to End lifecycle and corresponding Testing Phases

There are multitude of methodology that can used for SAP implementation

ASAP Implementation ( For initial implementation of SAP systems , and porting from legac
Maintainence Lifecycle
Upgrade LifeCycle
Custom Development LifeCycle

Whatever the lifecycle you may be working, there are three main testing phases you will be in
1) Test Preparation
2) Test execution phase
3) Test Evaluation phase

Test preparation phase

1. Identification of business process to be tested
2. Manual and automated test case development
3. Creation of test suites and review
4. Set up of test system
5. Creation of test data

Test execution phase

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1. Test execution either manually or using test tools

2. Test status reporting and defect handling

Test evaluation phase

1. Detailed assessment of all test plans
2. Defect Analysis
3. Documentation of the testing process

Types of Testing Applicable to SAP applications

For SAP applications the common testing performed are:

1. Unit Testing: This part of testing is mostly taken care by the developers based on their d
rules as per the organizations. This is sometimes done by the skilful white box testers.
the development box. This is the testing of interfaces, conversions, enhancement, repor
forms(RICEWF) developed primarily with ABAP code. Testing of development object in
security authorization, ,data transfer rules, reconciliations and batch scheduling job
Warehouse) testing is also part of the development tests.
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2. Integration Testing: It is the testing of combined components of a SAP application to det

function together correctly. It is typically done in the QA environment and uses realistic te
3. Regression Testing: Regression testing is done to ensure that the new changes implemen
adversely affect the existing working code. SAP R/3 is a tightly integrated system. A single s
note, transport, configuration changes, new development interfaces can have cascading an
Regression Testing is usually executed using automation tool by the testing team.
4. Performance Testing: It is testing SAP applications to ensure that they will perform w
workload. Performance testing encompasses load , volume & stress testing to
bottlenecks. The aim of this testing is to enhance robustness of SAP applications and he
that can sustain high load forecast, with zero post production performance issues. Th
checking business processes that may cause stress, due to high transaction or batch vo
executed using automated tools & involves collaboration of basis, database, infrastructure
monitor test results.
5. Functional Testing: Functional testing ensures that your implementation of SAP me
requirements. SAP is highly configurable system and could be easily integrated with in-ho
third party tools. Given this varied configuration and complexity functional testing is a
testing removes uncertainty over business use cases and brings quality. It includes
documents and creating test artifacts including test requirements, test scenario and tes
testing is usually done by the testing team with a background in particular SAP module be
6. User Acceptance Testing (UAT): Once functional, system and regression testing is com
Acceptance Testing) is performed. It ensures that the SAP system is usable for the end u
The end users independently execute the user acceptance test cases that include
processes, functions, documentation (operating manuals, cheat sheets) etc. With U
comfortable with the new business environment and can take full ownership of the system
7. Security Testing: To ensure the safety of SAP applications, security testing is per
areaslikesap-portal security, network security, operational security, product security, a
source code audit for security are tested. This is usually involves the basis, databa
development and test teams.
8. Portal Testing: These techniques involve testing the SAP Portals on different browser and
processes

How to create a SAP Test Case

Lets design a test case to change the Name of an employee in SAP system
To create an effective test case, you must
Determine SAP role required to execute the test case
Identify the SAP transaction that needs to be executed for the test case
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Test Data required executing the test case. Determine whether the data needs to be create
used by another tester or whether the data is locked & cannot be modified.
Any Pre-requisites
Peer review Test cases
Create positive as well negative scenarios
Create detailed Test Steps.
Test coverage should be robust
Document defects in timely manner which is as soon as they are discovered.
Refer this video, for a guideline on how to change SAP Infotype

How to Change SAP Infotype

The test case designed for this is as follows -

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Important Note
SAP is a humungous system with endless variations. Its neither feasible nor cost-effective to
variations and combinations of test parameter inputs in SAP system.

As in above example , a tester could have verified change in Last Name, Date of Birth, Addres
State, Country, change in permanent , temporary, work address etc.

A Tester needs to adopt strategies reduce the number of test cases without sacrificing covera
such strategies include boundary value analysis, equivalence partitioning & orthogonal array

Automated Testing of SAP Applications

Testing is a huge challenge for colossal system like SAP. As per recent study by ASUG, Over 86
concerned about risks due to lack of comprehensive testing.

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Automation has following benefits for SAP applications

1. The chief and most valuable benefit is improved test coverage

2. Better product quality and therefore less production outages. Outages in SAP productions
could cost a company millions!
3. Workload decreases with each release cycle
Automation Tools
The methodology and approaches are more important than the chosen test tool. When you
SAP application, some tools comes in mind naturally like SAP TAO, eCATT, QTP etc.

ECATT ( Extended Computer Aided Test Tool)

ECATT is used to create and execute functional tests for SAP. ECATT is an in-built tool that co
SAP with a primary objective of automated testing of SAP business processes.
ECATT useful features
1. Test transactions, reports and scenarios
2. Call BAPIs and function modules
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3. Test remote systems

4. Check Authorizations (user profiles)
5. Test updates
6. Test the effect of changes to customizing settings
7. Check system messages

QTP ( Quick Test Professional Tool)

HPs QuickTest is a keyword driven automation tool. It supports many environments includin
robust, feature rich and user-friendly. Its market leader in automation tool commanding maj
Its a commercial tool with excellent vendor support. Its a tool of choice for SAP automation.

SAP TAO

SAP released the automation tool SAP TAO in collaboration with Focus Frame(now acquired b

SAP TAO wraps up QTP and QC where QTP acts as execution engine and test scenarios are cr
from QC through business components. SAP TAO automates generation of test components
scenarios. SAP TAO and HPQC setup do have some benefits compare to other testing tool th
corporate support for both HP and SAP software products.

SAP TAO client application performs three functions, inspecting transactions from a SAP se
the transactions to HP Quality Center and consolidating components or scripts from H

Performance Testing of SAP Application

Performance testing of SAP applications is done to check its speed, scalability and stability
Testing SAP helps with

Conform with service-level agreements (SLAs).

Optimize software configuration settings.
Reduce overspending on hardware
Certify that the system will not crash or fail during seasonal high load and help avoid corre
losses.

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Events that Trigger Performance Test

Choice of Performance testing tool for SAP depends on the underlying SAP application being
list of SAP performance test tools and their application areas
1. Open source/ Free
Jmeter - (Performance Test SAP Business Obects BI Platform)
Open STA (Performance Test SAP Portals)
2. Commercial

Load Runner (Performance Test SAP ECC amongst other SAP applications) recommen
IBM Rational Robot (Can test wide variety of SAP applications)
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Conclusion

SAP testing offers tremendous career opportunities for QA enthusiasts. Its a relatively easy w
the highly regarded SAP Consultant arena.

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3Comments

Guru99

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nivas ayearago

cananyoneteachsapmanualtestingifplsletmeknow
4

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ashwinramesh 10monthsago

hiall,

ihavedonecertificaetionsonseleniumandQTP,iwouldliketofurthercontinuedoingSAPTESTING
suggestmeisitworthproceedingfurtherordropthatidea.ifYes
1.whatisthecourseduration?,
2.whatwillbecoursefee?.
thanksinadvance...:)

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PalaviJoshi ayearago

ThanksforNiceBlog.I'mworkingasQAenggsincelast7years.Ihaveworkedvariousdomainlike
,Advertisementandmanymore.IwouldliketounderstandifcanshifttoSAPtesting.Ifyes,how?D
scratch?orwillIbeconsiderasexpcandidate

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