CIS Configuration Assessment Tool

CIS-CAT

Users Guide
v3.0.01
May 1, 2014

2001-2014 The Center for Internet Security

Table of Contents
Overview .................................................................................................................................................................. 3
System Requirements ......................................................................................................................................................3
Supported Benchmarks ...................................................................................................................................................3
Obtaining CIS-CAT .............................................................................................................................................................4
Installing CIS-CAT ..............................................................................................................................................................5
CIS-CAT Support .................................................................................................................................................................5
Using CIS-CAT within a Graphical User Interface (GUI) ........................................................................ 6
Configuring Result Location ..........................................................................................................................................6
Choosing a Benchmark and Profile .............................................................................................................................8
Report Generation Options ......................................................................................................................................... 11
Evaluating a Benchmark .............................................................................................................................................. 13
Creating a CIS-CAT Dashboard .................................................................................................................................. 14
Ad-Hoc Report Generation .......................................................................................................................................... 17
Updating Vulnerability Definitions .......................................................................................................................... 19
Using CIS-CAT within a Command Line Interface (CLI) ...................................................................... 22
Listing Available Benchmarks.................................................................................................................................... 23
Choosing a Benchmark and Profile .......................................................................................................................... 24
Running a specific Benchmark and Profile ........................................................................................................... 25
Evaluating a Data Stream Collection, Data Stream, Collection and Profile............................................... 25
Data Stream Collection Only .................................................................................................................................. 25
Data Stream Collection and Data Stream .......................................................................................................... 25
Data Stream Collection, Data Stream, and Checklist .................................................................................... 26
Data Stream Collection, Data Stream , Checklist, and Profile .................................................................... 26
Data Stream Collection, Data Stream, and Definitions ................................................................................ 26
Displaying Status Information during Evaluation.............................................................................................. 26
Accepting Terms of Use ................................................................................................................................................ 27
Reset CIS-CAT Preferences.......................................................................................................................................... 27
Configuring Result Location ....................................................................................................................................... 27
Configuring Report Name ............................................................................................................................................ 27
Configuring Report Output ......................................................................................................................................... 28
Creating a CIS-CAT Dashboard .................................................................................................................................. 28
Uploading a CIS-CAT Results File ............................................................................................................................. 28
Vulnerability Assessment ............................................................................................................................................ 29
Updating Vulnerability Definitions .......................................................................................................................... 29
Ad-Hoc Report Generation .......................................................................................................................................... 29
Interpreting Evaluation Results .................................................................................................................... 30
Summary of Results ....................................................................................................................................................... 30
Assessments Results ...................................................................................................................................................... 31
Assessment Details......................................................................................................................................................... 32
Assessing Multiple Windows Targets ......................................................................................................... 33
Prerequisites..................................................................................................................................................................... 33
Setup .................................................................................................................................................................................... 33
Create CIS Share on the CIS Hosting Server ..................................................................................................... 33
Security Considerations........................................................................................................................................... 34
Update cis-cat-centralized.bat .............................................................................................................................. 34
Validate the Install ..................................................................................................................................................... 35
Configuring the Scheduled Task via Group Policy......................................................................................... 35
Bandwidth Considerations ..................................................................................................................................... 37
Benchmark Considerations .................................................................................................................................... 37
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Using the CIS-CAT Dissolvable Agent ......................................................................................................... 38

Prerequisites..................................................................................................................................................................... 39
Setup .................................................................................................................................................................................... 39
Create CIS Share on the CIS Hosting Server ..................................................................................................... 39
Security Considerations........................................................................................................................................... 39
Update cis-cat-dissolvable.bat .............................................................................................................................. 40
Validate the Install ..................................................................................................................................................... 40
Configuring the Scheduled Task via Group Policy......................................................................................... 40
Bandwidth Considerations ..................................................................................................................................... 43
Benchmark Considerations .................................................................................................................................... 43
Using CIS-CAT with Database Benchmarks .............................................................................................. 45
Oracle Database Support ............................................................................................................................................. 45
Further Database Support ........................................................................................................................................... 47
Microsoft SQL Server Database Support ................................................................................................................ 47
Sybase Database Support ............................................................................................................................................ 48
CIS-CAT Report Customization ..................................................................................................................... 48
Replacing the Default Cover Page Graphics .......................................................................................................... 49
Logo ................................................................................................................................................................................. 49
Cover Page Main Graphic ........................................................................................................................................ 49
Subtitle Graphic .......................................................................................................................................................... 49
Customizing the Report Styling ................................................................................................................................. 49
Using CIS-CAT with SCAP Content ............................................................................................................... 50
SCAP 1.0 Compatibility ................................................................................................................................................. 50
SCAP 1.1 Compatibility ................................................................................................................................................. 50
SCAP 1.2 Compatibility ................................................................................................................................................. 51
Platform Applicability ................................................................................................................................................... 51
Standards Implemented in CIS-CAT ........................................................................................................................ 51
XCCDF Implementation ........................................................................................................................................... 51
OVAL Implementation .............................................................................................................................................. 52
Asset Identification Implementation .................................................................................................................. 53
Asset Reporting Format Implementation ......................................................................................................... 53
Trust Model for Security Automation Data ...................................................................................................... 53
Common Configuration Enumeration Implementation .............................................................................. 54
Common Platform Enumeration Implementation ........................................................................................ 54
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures Implementation ......................................................................... 54
Common Vulnerability Scoring System Implementation ........................................................................... 54
Common Configuration Scoring System Implementation .......................................................................... 55
Creating the CSV Report for FDCC ............................................................................................................................ 55

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Overview
CIS-CAT is a configuration assessment software tool available to CIS Members as a benefit of
membership. Written in Java, CIS-CAT:
a) reads those CIS Benchmarks that are expressed in XCCDF (XML) format;
b) reports the configuration status of a target system as compared to the technical controls
defined in those CIS Benchmarks; and
c) provides a comparative score based on a conformity scale of 0-100.
CIS-CAT can operate as a command line interface (CLI) or GUI tool. CIS-CAT will assess the
configuration posture of the local system only. CIS-CAT cannot currently be used to scan a remote
target or network.

System Requirements
CIS-CAT requires a Java Runtime Environment (JRE) v1.6.0 or later. The tool and the JRE can reside
on the target system of evaluation or on a removable or network drive, provided it is accessible
from the target of evaluation. CIS-CAT will operate on Microsoft Windows XP and greater; Sun
Solaris, IBM AIX, HP-UX, and Linux platforms provided the JRE is accessible to it.
Note: CIS-CAT must be executed as root, Administrator, or an equivalently privileged principal.

Supported Benchmarks
CIS-CAT reads:
a) 36 CIS Benchmarks currently available in XCCDF;
b) XCCDF configuration files distributed by NIST for Microsoft Win XP and Vista,
c) user-modified CIS Benchmark XCCDF files,
d) XCCDF configuration files distributed by DISA (Windows 2008 version 6, Windows XP
version 6, Windows 2003 version 6, Windows Vista version 6 and Windows 7 version 1), and
e) USGCB content for Windows 7 version 1.1.X.0. .
f) USGCB Tier IV SCAP 1.2 content for
a. Microsoft Internet Explorer 7
b. Microsoft Internet Explorer 8
c. Microsoft Windows 7 (32 and 64-bit)
d. Microsoft Windows Vista
e. Microsoft Windows XP Pro Service Pack 3
f. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 (32 and 64-bit)
CIS currently distributes CIS-CAT with production version support for the following 37
benchmarks:
CIS Apache Tomcat 5.5-6.0 Benchmark v1.0.0
CIS Apple OSX 10.5 Benchmark v.1.1.0
CIS Apple OSX 10.6 Benchmark v.1.0.0
CIS CentOS Linux 6 Benchmark v1.0.0
CIS Debian Linux 3 Benchmark v1.0.0
CIS HP-UX 11i Benchmark v1.4.2
CIS IBM AIX 4.3-5.1 Benchmark v1.0.1
CIS IBM AIX 5.3-6.1 Benchmark v1.1.0
CIS IBM AIX 7.1 Benchmark v1.1.0
CIS Microsoft Internet Explorer 10 Benchmark v1.0.0*
CIS Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 Database Engine Benchmark v1.0.0*
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CIS Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Database Engine Benchmark v1.0.0*

CIS Microsoft Windows 7 Benchmark v2.1.0*
CIS Microsoft Windows 8 Benchmark v1.0.0*
CIS Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Benchmark v3.1.0*
CIS Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Benchmark v2.1.0*
CIS Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Benchmark v2.1.0*
CIS Microsoft Windows Server 2012 Benchmark v1.0.0*
CIS Microsoft Windows XP Benchmark v3.1.0*
CIS MIT Kerberos 1.10 Benchmark v1.0.0*
CIS Mozilla Firefox 3 Benchmark v1.0.0
CIS Oracle Database 9i-10g Benchmark v2.0.1
CIS Oracle Database 11g Benchmark v1.0.1
CIS Oracle Solaris 2.5.1-9 Benchmark v1.3.0
CIS Oracle Solaris 10 Benchmark v5.1.0
CIS Oracle Solaris 11 Benchmark v1.1.0
CIS Oracle Solaris 11.1 Benchmark v1.0.0
CIS Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 Benchmark v1.0.5
CIS Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Benchmark v2.0.0
CIS Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Benchmark v1.2.0
CIS Slackware Linux 10.2 Benchmark v1.1.0
CIS SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 Benchmark v1.0.0
CIS SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 Benchmark v2.0.0
CIS SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 Benchmark v1.0.0
CIS Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Server Benchmark v1.0.0
CIS VMware ESX 3.5 Benchmark v1.2.0
CIS VMware ESX 4.1 Benchmark v1.0.0

NOTE: Those benchmarks denoted with an asterisk (*) utilize XCCDF with the OVAL checking
language. See OVAL Implementation for more information regarding OVAL.

Obtaining CIS-CAT
CIS-CAT is distributed exclusively from the CIS member web site, https://community.cisecurity.org.
CIS-CAT documentation, XCCDF benchmarks, supplemental scripts, and the scoring tool are
contained in a single bundle. The structure of this bundle is detailed below:
Location
/benchmarks
/custom/brand
/docs
/misc
/lib
CISCAT.jar
CIS-CAT.sh
CIS-CAT.bat
cis-catcentralized.bat

Description
Contains all XCCDF Benchmarks
Placeholder for member-created CSS and graphics for customized
branding of HTML Reports generated by CIS-CAT.
Contains User Documentation
Contains XSDs and supplemental batch files
Contains Libraries used by CIS-CAT
The CIS-CAT Java Archive
A UNIX/Linux Wrapper for CIS-CAT.jar. Useful for CLI mode.
A Windows Wrapper for CIS-CAT.jar. Useful for CLI mode.
A Windows batch file that wraps CIS-CAT.jar to simply evaluating
targets that lack a local instance of the JRE and CIS-CAT.

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Installing CIS-CAT
To install CIS-CAT, simply unzip the archive. No further action is required provided JRE v1.5.0+ is
installed on the system. If the JRE is available on removable media or via a network share, perform
the following steps to get CIS-CAT running:
1. Insert or mount the removable media or network drive. For demonstration purposes, we
will assume the JRE is accessible via /mnt/jre on Linux/Unix platforms and \\server\jre
on Windows platforms.
2. Map the JAVA_HOME environment variable to the location noted above. From a command
prompt or shell, execute the following to create this mapping:
Windows> set JAVA_HOME=\\server\jre
Unix> export JAVA_HOME=/mnt/jre

Once the above is complete, CIS-CAT is ready to go. To run CIS-CAT execute the following:
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh

Note: the first time CIS-CAT is ran on a Unix machine the shell script might need to execute
permissions to do this run the following command:
chmod +x CIS-CAT.sh

CIS-CAT Support
If you have questions, comments, or are experiencing trouble using CIS-CAT, please email
[email protected]. CIS has also established a community forum designed to foster
collaboration around CIS-CAT. It is recommended that this resource be reviewed when
troubleshooting CIS-CAT.

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Using CIS-CAT within a Graphical User Interface (GUI)

To execute CIS-CAT in a GUI environment, simply double click on CIS-CAT.jar.
Note: If the system has an archive manager associated with .jar files, you will need to double click
on CIS-CAT.sh for Unix and Linux systems or CIS-CAT.bat for Windows systems. This will cause
the following dialog to appear:

Configuring Result Location

Before evaluating a system against a CIS benchmark, it is recommended that the Result Location be
specified. The default location for results is articulated below:
Platform
Windows
Unix/Linux

Location
%HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%\My Documents\CIS-CAT Results
$HOME/CIS-CAT_Results

Note: if the default location is used each assessment report(s) will be placed in a new time stamped
directory under the default location.
To change the report location, click Options -> Set Result Location and browse to the desired
directory, as seen below:

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On Windows, this preference is preserved in the registry at the following location:

Component
Hive
Key
Value (REG_SZ)

Value
HKEY_CURRENT_USER
Software\JavaSoft\Prefs\org\cisecurity\tools\ciscat
result-location

On Unix/Linux platforms, this preference is persisted on the file system at:

$HOME/.java/.userPrefs/org/cisecurity/tools/ciscat/prefs.xml

Note: The acceptance of the CIS-CAT Terms of Use agreement is also persisted in the above
locations. On Windows, the registry key Value name is terms-of-use-accepted.

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Choosing a Benchmark and Profile

CIS-CAT will only evaluate one benchmark at a time. To select a benchmark, either select a CIS
benchmark from the drop down or click on the Browse, as seen below:

Once a benchmark is loaded, click Next. CIS-CAT will then determine whether the selected CIS
Benchmark contains a data stream collection. If a data stream collection is discovered, the list of
available data streams and checklists will be displayed:

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Once a data stream is selected, the user may select either a checklist, representing the XCCDF
component of the data stream, or any OVAL-based set of definitions contained within the data
stream.

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Once a checklist is loaded, click Next. A list of available profiles will be provided in the drop down
menu. When a profile is selected, that profiles description will be displayed as seen below:

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Profiles represent a logical grouping of benchmark recommendations. Profiles are commonly used
to distinguish between Level I and Level II scoring recommendations, or target role, such as
Enterprise Desktop, Enterprise Laptop, SSLF Desktop, and SSLF Laptop as seen above in the
Windows 7 benchmark.

Report Generation Options

Once you have selected a benchmark and profile to evaluate, click Next to select the reports to be
generated once assessment has completed:

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By default an HTML report will be generated. The other report formats available are:
Report Output Option Description
XML Report
The XML report contains the raw XML data used in the assessment as well
as the result information in its appropriate XML format.
Text Report
The Text report contains basic plain-text information, presenting the title
of each rule evaluated and its evaluation result (Pass, Fail, Error, etc)
CSV Report
The CSV report contains basic report evaluation information in a commaseparated value format, which may be opened as an Excel worksheet.
OVAL Results
When a data stream collection utilizes the OVAL checking language, OVAL
Results may be generated. These OVAL results conform to the
specifications outlined in the OVAL Results XML schema.
Asset Reporting Format The Asset Reporting Format represents an XML model expressing the
relationships between the target systems being assessed and the reports
generated for that target system. More information about ARF can be
found here.
The Include Applicable Tests Only option when checked will only output selected tests for
HTML and Text reports. If desired un-checking the Include Applicable Tests Only option all
tests including not selected tests will be included in the reports. Note, for the XML report all
tests will always be included. It is also possible to change the report save location if desired. Once
the options are set click on Generate Report(s) and once the report(s) are generated you can
then click on View Report(s). If multiple reports were generated then the folder the reports
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were saved to will be opened. If only one report was generated then on Windows, this will launch
your systems default program for HTML, text or xml files. On UNIX/Linux systems, CIS-CAT will try
to find a browser to open up the given report. For details on how to interpret these reports, see the
Interpreting Evaluation Results section.
NOTICE:
If you plan to use the CIS-CAT Dashboard, you must export assessment results in XML format by
selecting the XML Report checkbox.

Evaluating a Benchmark
Once you have selected a benchmark and profile to evaluate, click Next to review your choices, as
seen below:

If a vulnerability assessment is to be included with the benchmark assessment, check the Include
Vulnerability Assessment checkbox.
If all assessment settings are correct click the Start Assessment button. Starting the assessment
first triggers the platform validation process. This process attempts to ensure that CIS-CAT is
assessing against the appropriate software or operating system platform, such as attempting to
assess the Windows 7 benchmark on a Windows XP machine. If CIS-CAT determines the platform is
invalid for the selected benchmark, an error message is displayed.

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This message is informational. CIS-CAT will continue to assess the selected benchmark and profile.
CIS-CAT will then display the benchmark execution status screen like the one shown below:

Once the benchmark evaluation is complete, if the user included a vulnerability assessment, the
progress bar will indicate its status. Following the completion of all assessments, the View
Reports button will be enabled allowing for the user to view the generated reports.

Creating a CIS-CAT Dashboard

CIS-CATs dashboard feature consumes multiple instances of CIS-CAT XML result files and
summarizes them into a single XML file. The primary goal of this feature is to provide the ability to
trend configuration status over time on a per benchmark, or device basis from different
devices/computers.
To get started, move all of the CIS-CAT XML result files to be summarized into a single directory.
Next, run CIS-CAT and select the File -> Create Dashboard menu option as shown below:
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Next, select the directory that contains the CIS-CAT XML results that need to be summarized.

Next, provide CIS-CAT with an aggregation period. By default, CIS-CAT will report aggregate
configuration results on a weekly basis. This configuration will cause CIS-CAT to summarize all
reports that occur within the same calendar week. Similarly, if the aggregation period is set to 1
month, CIS-CAT will summarize all reports that occur in the same calendar month.

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Next, click Create Dashboard to start the aggregation process. Once the aggregation is complete,
the last line in the status window will tell you the location of the aggregation file.

Ad-Hoc Report Generation

CIS-CAT can also be used to re-generate various reports using existing XML results. If a previous
execution of CIS-CAT has generated an XML report, a user can, at a later time, use CIS-CAT to create
the HTML, CSV, and/or Text reports using the ad-hoc report generation functionality.
From the CIS-CAT GUI, select the File -> Generate Report(s) menu option:

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Once opened, the user has the option to either select a single XML report for generation, or select a
directory from which all XML reports will be processed, generating the selected report types for
each discovered XML report.
When an XML report or a directory has been selected, the user can then configure the report output
options, selecting any combination of HTML, CSV, or Text reports to be generated.

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Once report output options have been selected, the user can then click the Generate Report(s)
button to proceed. Following the completion of report generation, the View Report(s) button will
become enabled to allow the user to select and view the newly created reports.

Updating Vulnerability Definitions

When executing a CIS-CAT benchmark assessment, a user is also able to enable an assessment of
vulnerability definitions. These definition files are bundled with each release of CIS-CAT and are
taken from the most recent set of vulnerability definitions contained in the OVAL repository for the
platforms supported by CIS-CAT. This repository is hosted by MITRE at http://oval.mitre.org/repdata/5.10/org.mitre.oval/v/index.html. This repository is updated regularly, and thus CIS-CAT has
the capabilities to download the latest versions of the supported OVAL definitions files.
From the CIS-CAT GUI, select Options -> Update Vulnerability Definitions

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Once selected, a pop-up window will appear displaying the status of the download.

NOTE: This may take a few minutes, as many of the downloaded vulnerability definitions files are
large.

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Following the completion of the download, the OK button will become enabled and the user can
return to the main CIS-CAT window.

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Using CIS-CAT within a Command Line Interface (CLI)

CIS-CAT can also be executed from a CLI. To get a list of runtime options for CIS-CAT, execute the
following (regardless of OS platform):
shell> java jar CISCAT.jar help
usage:
-a,--accept-terms

Accepts terms of use w/o saving acceptance to disk

-ap,--aggregation-period <arg>

The width of a dashboard aggregation

period, ex. 1M, 13W, 20D

-ar,--aggregate-reports <arg>

Create a CIS-CAT Dashboard by aggregating all the

XML reports in the specified directory

-arf, --report-arf

Creates an ARF report (SCAP 1.2 Data-Stream

Collections Only)

-as, --aggregation-status

Report Aggregation Status information is displayed.

-b,--benchmark <arg>

Path to benchmark to run

-c,--reset

Reset preferences

-csv,--report-csv

Creates a CSV report

-d,--benchmark-dir <arg>

Override default location for

benchmarks. Used with --list and --find.

-db, --database <arg>

Test connectivity to a SQL database using its

JDBC connection string.

-dbs, --database-sysdba

Used with db, this option indicates to attempt

to connect to a database as SYSDBA.

-ds, --datastream-id <arg>

Specifies a particular data-stream to select (SCAP

1.2 Data-Stream Collections Only)

-f,--find

Interactively select a benchmark

-h,--help

Prints help for this application

-l,--list

List all benchmarks in default benchmark

location

-n,--report-no-html

No HTML report will be created, by

default an HTML report is created

-od, --oval-definitions <arg>

Specifies an OVAL definitions file to process

-or, --oval-results

Creates an OVAL Results report

-ov, --oval-variables <arg>

Specifies an OVAL Variables file to process

-p, --profile <arg>

Title of benchmark profile to evaluate

-r, --results-dir <arg>

Directory to save results in

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-rg, --report-gen

The path to a previously generated XML report or a

directory containing multiple XML reports; Used to
generate ad-hoc HTML, Text, and CSV reports.

-rn, --report-name <arg>

The base name of the report, no

extension

-s,--status

Status information is displayed

-t,--report-txt

Creates a text report

-u,--report-upload <arg>

Sends a HTTP POST with the XML report

to the specified URL. POST parameter
name is ciscat-report

-ui,--ignore-certificate-errors

Ignores any SSL certificate errors during report

upload

-up,--update

Download the latest Vulnerability definitions from

the OVAL repository

-v,--version

Display CIS-CAT version and JRE information

-va,--vulnerabilities

Execute a Vulnerability Assessment

-vs,--verify-signature

Verify that the XML benchmarks have

valid signatures

-x,--report-xml

Creates an XML report

-xc, -xccdf <arg>

Specifies a particular XCCDF benchmark within a

data-stream to select (SCAP 1.2 Data-Stream
Collections Only)

-y,--report-all-tests

Causes the HTML and text reports to show

all tests. Only applicable tests are
displayed by default

The Java portions of the above command can be avoided by utilizing platform specific wrapper
scripts provided within the CIS-CAT bundle, as described in the following table:
Platform
Linux/Unix
Windows

Command
./CIS-CAT.sh [<options>] [<benchmark>] [<profile>]
CIS-CAT.bat [<options>] [<benchmark>] [<profile>]

Listing Available Benchmarks

To produce a list of all benchmarks packaged with CIS-CAT, perform the following:
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat list
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh list
Here are the available benchmarks:
#1 Center for Internet Security AIX Benchmark version 1.0.1.1
file:/C:/cis-cat/benchmarks/aix-benchmark.xml
...

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Choosing a Benchmark and Profile

CIS-CAT provides two mechanisms to select the desired Benchmark and Profile to evaluate; by
expressing each as command line arguments and by interactively selecting each. To interactively
select a Benchmark and Profile, perform the following:
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat find
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh find

When the find option is used, CIS-CAT will enumerate all XCCDF documents located in the
benchmarks directory. For each discovered benchmark, the title and version will be displayed. This
is demonstrated below:
Here are the available benchmarks:
...
#13 Windows XP Professional Benchmark version 2.0.1.3
file:/C:/cis-cat/benchmarks/windows-xp-benchmark.xml
Which benchmark should be used? (return to exit) 13

Select the desired benchmark by typing the number located to the left of the benchmark title. In the
above example, the Windows XP Processional Benchmark was selected by entering 13. Once a
benchmark has been selected, CIS-CAT will display the list of profiles defined in the benchmark. If
no list is provided, the benchmark does not contain a profile. The following demonstrates the
profile listing associated with the Windows XP Processional Benchmark:
Selected C:\cis-cat\benchmarks\windows-xp-benchmark.xml
This benchmark has 15 profiles.
1: SP1 Legacy (legacy-profile-sp1)
2: SP2 Legacy Standalone (legacy-profile-sp2-standalone)
3: SP2 Legacy Domain Member (legacy-profile-sp2-domain)
...
15: NIST Specialized (NIST-Specialized)
Which profile should be used? (return for none) 1

Once a profile is selected, CIS-CAT will evaluate the local system against that profile.

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Running a specific Benchmark and Profile

If the desired benchmark and optional profile is already known, they can be provided to CIS-CAT as
command line arguments. The following, which is equivalent to the example above, demonstrates
this:
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat benchmarks\windows-xp-benchmark.xml legacy-profile-sp1
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh benchmarks/hpux-benchmark.xml base

Additionally a user can specify the benchmark through the command-line arguments -b and
optionally a profile with p. If no profile is selected the first profile in the benchmark is used. An
example of this would look like:
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat b benchmarks\windows-xp-benchmark.xml [-p legacy-profile-sp1]
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh b benchmarks/hpux-benchmark.xml [-p base]

Note: The benchmark profile can be reference as either the xccdf:profile@id attribute of the
xccdf:title. When using the profile title, for titles that contain spaces, you will need to use quotes
as shown below:
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat b benchmarks\windows-xp-benchmark.xml -p Legacy Standalone
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh b benchmarks/hpux-benchmark.xml p Base Profile

If benchmarks are stored in a location other than benchmarks/, use the d option to cause CIS-CAT
to list or find benchmarks in that location.
NOTICE:
If you plan to use the CIS-CAT Dashboard, you must export assessment results in XML format. See
the Configuring Report Output section for additional details.

Evaluating a Data Stream Collection, Data Stream, Collection and Profile

If the desired SCAP 1.2-compliant data stream collection, data stream, checklist and profile are
already known, they can be provided to CIS-CAT as command line arguments. The data stream
collection filename may be specified either with or without the b command-line argument:

Data Stream Collection Only

When only a data stream collection is specified, the first data stream, checklist and profile will
automatically be selected for assessment.
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat [-b] benchmarks\scap_gov.nist_USGCB-Windows-7.xml
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh [-b] benchmarks/scap_gov.nist_USGCB-Windows-7.xml

Data Stream Collection and Data Stream

When a data stream collection and data stream are specified, the first checklist and profile will
automatically be selected for assessment.
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat [-b] benchmarks\scap_gov.nist_USGCB-Windows-7.xml ds
scap_gov.nist_datastream_USGCB-Windows-7-1.2.3.1.zip
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh [-b] benchmarks/scap_gov.nist_USGCB-Windows-7.xml ds
scap_gov.nist_datastream_USGCB-Windows-7-1.2.3.1.zip

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Data Stream Collection, Data Stream, and Checklist

When a data stream collection, data stream, and checklist are specified, the first profile will
automatically be selected for assessment.
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat [-b] benchmarks\scap_gov.nist_USGCB-Windows-7.xml ds
scap_gov.nist_datastream_USGCB-Windows-7-1.2.3.1.zip xc
xccdf_gov.nist_benchmark_USGCB-Windows-7
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh [-b] benchmarks/scap_gov.nist_USGCB-Windows-7.xml ds
scap_gov.nist_datastream_USGCB-Windows-7-1.2.3.1.zip xc
xccdf_gov.nist_benchmark_USGCB-Windows-7

Data Stream Collection, Data Stream , Checklist, and Profile

When a data stream collection, data stream, checklist, and profile are specified, the selected profile
will be assessed.
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat [-b] benchmarks\scap_gov.nist_USGCB-Windows-7.xml ds
scap_gov.nist_datastream_USGCB-Windows-7-1.2.3.1.zip xc
xccdf_gov.nist_benchmark_USGCB-Windows-7 p
xccdf_gov.nist_profile_united_states_government_configuration_baseline_version_1.2.3.
1
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh [-b] benchmarks/scap_gov.nist_USGCB-Windows-7.xml ds
scap_gov.nist_datastream_USGCB-Windows-7-1.2.3.1.zip xc
xccdf_gov.nist_benchmark_USGCB-Windows-7 p
xccdf_gov.nist_profile_united_states_government_configuration_baseline_version_1.2.3.
1

Note: When specifying a profile for evaluation, either the profiles unique ID or the profile title may
be specified.

Data Stream Collection, Data Stream, and Definitions

When a data stream collection, data stream, and OVAL definitions component are specified, all
available definitions referenced in that data stream component are assessed, and OVAL results are
produced.
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat [-b] benchmarks\scap_gov.nist_USGCB-Windows-7.xml ds
scap_gov.nist_datastream_USGCB-Windows-7-1.2.3.1.zip od scap_gov.nist_comp_USGCBWindows-7-oval.xml
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh [-b] benchmarks/scap_gov.nist_USGCB-Windows-7.xml ds
scap_gov.nist_datastream_USGCB-Windows-7-1.2.3.1.zip od scap_gov.nist_comp_USGCBWindows-7-oval.xml

Note: When specifying an OVAL Definitions component, either the component reference ID in the
data stream, or the components unique ID may be specified.

Displaying Status Information during Evaluation

To view detailed status information while executing CIS-CAT from a command line interface, pass
CIS-CAT the -s or --status flag. The following demonstrates this use case:
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat s -b benchmarks\windows-2003-benchmark.xml -p "legacy profile domain controller"

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1/169
Current Service Pack Installed
2/169
All Critical and Important...date have been installed.
...
168/169 HKU\.Default\Software\Micr...cates\Root\ProtectedRoots
169/169 HKLM \SOFTWARE\Microsoft\W...NT\CurrentVersion\SeCEdit
Total Evaluation Time: 28 seconds

<1 second Fail

<1 second N/A
<1 second Pass
<1 second Fail

Results written to: CIS-CAT Results\test-result-20100126T184725Z.xml

Report written to: CIS-CAT Results\test-report-20100126T184725Z.html

Accepting Terms of Use

When CIS-CAT is executed for the first time on a given computer, it will prompt the user to accept
the terms of use. In environments where CIS-CAT is deployed en masse, it may be beneficial to
accept the terms of use via the command line to ensure the prompt does not disrupt automated
invocations of CIS-CAT. To accept the terms of use via the command line, specify the a option as
shown below:
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat b benchmarks\windows-xp-benchmark.xml -a
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh b benchmarks/slackware-benchmark.xml -a

Reset CIS-CAT Preferences

To reset the CIS-CAT preferences, specify the c option as shown below:
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat c
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh c
This is CIS-CAT version 2.1.4
All preferences removed

Configuring Result Location

Before evaluating a system against a CIS benchmark, it is recommended that the Result Location be
specified. The default location for results is articulated below:
Platform
Windows
Unix/Linux

Location
%HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%\My Documents\CIS-CAT Results
$HOME/CIS-CAT_Results

To change the report location, specify the r option as shown below:

Windows> CIS-CAT.bat r d:\reports b benchmarks\windows-xp-benchmark.xml
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh r /cis-cat-results b benchmarks/slackware-benchmark.xml

Configuring Report Name

To change the report name for all formats use the -rn argument. Using this will change all of the
report names to be the value supplied appended with either .html, .xml or .txt depending on the
specified report output type. The following command will cause CIS-CAT to save the report as
quarterlyAssessment.html under the reports directory.
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat r d:\reports rn quartelyAssessment ...
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh r /reports rn quartelyAssessment ...

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Configuring Report Output

By default CIS-CAT will output an HTML report with only applicable tests. It is possible to generate
a text (-t), an XML (-x) report or CSV (-csv) report. When CIS-CAT is executed against a data
stream collection, OVAL results (-or) and an Asset Reporting Format report (-arf) may also be
generated. The following command will cause CIS-CAT to save the following four reports under the
reports directory and the report:
1.
2.
3.
4.

quarterlyAssessment.txt
quarterlyAssessment.csv
quarterlyAssessment.html
quarterlyAssessment.xml

Windows> CIS-CAT.bat r d:\reports rn quartelyAssessment t x csv ...

Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh r /reports rn quartelyAssessment -t x csv ...

To have all tests included in the report, including tests that are not selected for a given profile,
specify the command argument -y.
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat r d:\reports rn quartelyAssessment t x csv -y
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh r /reports rn quartelyAssessment t x csv -y

To generate OVAL results and an Asset Reporting Format report, specify the or and arf
command arguments.
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat r d:\reports rn quartelyAssessment or -arf
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh r /reports rn quartelyAssessment or -arf

Creating a CIS-CAT Dashboard

To run report aggregation use the ar parameter followed by the location of all the CIS-CAT XML
results to be summarized. By default report aggregation will use a timeframe of one week for each
benchmark, profile, computer combination. Meaning only one of these combinations will show up
in that timeframe. It is possible to change this timeframe by using the -ap argument and passing in
a value in the format of <LENGTH OF TIMEFRAME> followed by either: m (months), d (days) or w
(weeks).

Uploading a CIS-CAT Results File

To send the XML results after a CIS-CAT scan is done to a URL specify the -u argument. The URL
specified can be either HTTP or HTTPS. If uploading to a HTTPS URL and the SSL certificate is not
valid passing in the -ui argument will cause CIS-CAT to not validate the SSL certificate. When the
XML results file is sent to the website it will be sent over as a POST and the XML result will be
associated with the parameter name ciscat-report. The following is an example command:
Windows> CIS-CAT.bat ui u https://www.cisecurity.org/ciscat-handler.php ...
Unix> ./CIS-CAT.sh ui u https://www.cisecurity.org/ciscat-handler.php ...

Below is an example handler that would receive the request:

<?php
if(isset($_POST[ciscat-report]) && !empty($_POST[ciscat-report])) {
mail([email protected], CIS-CAT Results File, $_POST[ciscat-report]);
}

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?>

Vulnerability Assessment
To include a vulnerability assessment along with a benchmark assessment, simply add the -va
command-line option. For example, to execute the CIS CentOS 6 benchmark assessment, using the
Level 1 profile, adding a vulnerability assessment:
> ./CIS-CAT.sh b benchmarks/CIS_CentOS_Linux_6_Benchmark_v1.0.0.xml p
xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_profile_Level_1 -va

Updating Vulnerability Definitions

From the CIS-CAT command-line interface, a user may download the latest vulnerability definitions
using the -up option.
>CIS-CAT.bat up

Ad-Hoc Report Generation

Using the -rg command-line option CIS-CAT is configured to execute the ad-hoc report
generation workflow. The user is required to specify either a path to an existing XML report or a
path to a directory containing XML reports to be processed, along with the command-line options
representing the report types to be generated. By default, the HTML report will always be
regenerated.
To configure CIS-CAT to generate an HTML, CSV, and Text report,
>CIS-CAT.bat rg <path_to_xml_report> csv -t

In order to configure CIS-CAT to NOT generate an HTML report,

>CIS-CAT.bat rg <path_to_xml_report> -n

In order to configure CIS-CAT to report all test results, analogous to un-checking the Include
Applicable Tests Only checkbox,
>CIS-CAT.bat rg <path_to_xml_report> -y

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Interpreting Evaluation Results

Once CIS-CAT has completed evaluating the target system it will store results at the location
described in Configuring Report Location. Two files will be created:
File
<ComputerName>-report-<timestamp>.html

<ComputerName>-result-<timestamp>.xml

Description
This is the primary report that has been formatted
to present evaluation results in an easily
understood format. This report is intended to be
viewed in a web browser.
This is the source XCCDF document that the report
is built from. This file contains all test definitions
and results. This file is not intended to be viewed
outside the context of an XML editor.

Summary of Results
The summary section of the report provides a high level overview of the target systems
conformance to the configuration profile defined in the selected Benchmark and Profile.

In the above example, there are three major sections, each with their own score. The following
details the significant values in the above summary:

Values in the Pass column represent the number of rules that passed in the respective
section. In the above illustration, we can see that two (2) rules passed in the BitLocker Drive
Encryption section.
Values in the Fail column represent the number of rules that failed in the respective section.
In the above illustration, we can see that 38 rules failed in the BitLocker Drive Encryption
section.
Values in the Error column represent the number of rules that resulted in an error. No
success or failure result is derived from this column.
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Values in the Not Selected column represent the number of rules that are informational
only. These rules do not impact the final score of the evaluation.
Values in the Score column represent the rules that passed in a given section.
Values in the Max column represent the maximum score for the given section.
Values in the Percent column represent the percent of rules passed in the given section out
of all scorable (Max) items. For example, the score for the BitLocker Drive Encryption section
is 5%. This value is derived by dividing the number of rules passed, two (2), by the number
of total rules, forty (40).

At the bottom of the summary area there is a Total row which is the aggregate of all sections.

Assessments Results
The Assessments section of the report details all rules defined in the benchmark, as seen in the
following illustration:

The following details the significant values in the above checklist:

The value in the W column indicates the scoring weight of the given Benchmark Item.
Currently, all benchmark items are weighted equally 1.0.
The Benchmark Item column contains the title of a given Benchmark rule. Each item in this
column is a link to Result Details.
The Result column displays the result of a given test. Possible values are: Fail, Pass,
Error, Unknown and Not Selected.

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Assessment Details
The Details section of the report contains the following information for each Benchmark
recommendation:

All information in the Checklist section including Description, CCE (if applicable),
Remediation, and Audit information for the given rule.
The commands used to determine pass/fail status
The XCCDF constructs that define the give rule.

The following illustrates this:

To view the XCCDF constructs, click the Show Rule Result XML link below the Tests dialog box.
The information presented when clicking on this link is primarily for debugging purposes and will
be covered in a future version of this guide.

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Assessing Multiple Windows Targets

It is possible to assess a population of Microsoft Windows targets in an automated manner without
installing CIS-CAT or the JRE on each target. The following diagram depicts this deployment
pattern:

CIS Host Server

The CIS Host Server is where the CIS-CAT bundle, Java Runtime Environment, and Reports are
placed. Targets within the Workstations Group will access these resources to perform a selfassessment using CIS-CAT.
Workstations Group
The Workstations Group represents a population of Microsoft Windows targets to be assessed with
CIS-CAT. The Domain Administrator will create Group Policy that causes devices in this group to
invoke CIS-CAT via a Scheduled Task.

Prerequisites
1. All targets must be joined to an Active Directory Domain
2. All targets must have read and write access to the CIS-CAT Share hosted off of the CIS
Host Server

Setup
Perform the following steps to cause the Workstations Group to execute the CIS-CAT instance on the
CIS Host Server.

Create CIS Share on the CIS Hosting Server

1. Create a shared folder on the CIS Host Server named CIS.
2. Unzip the CIS-CAT bundle within the CIS folder on the CIS Host Server.
3. Create the following two directories beneath the CIS folder on the CIS Host Server:
a. Reports
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b. Java
4. To copy the java runtime (JRE) to the CIS folder do the following:
a. Browse to the location where Java is installed, by default Java is located at
%ProgramFiles%\Java.
b. Copy the JRE that applies to the targets you will be evaluating, such as
jre1.5.0_19, to the Java folder you created in step 3.
5. Move CIS\cis-cat-full\misc\cis-cat-centralized.bat to the root of the CIS folder.
6. Share the CIS folder as CIS.
The resulting directory structure will be as follows:

CIS\cis-cat-full
CIS\cis-cat-full\CISCAT.jar
CIS\cis-cat-full\benchmarks
CIS\cis-cat-full\lib
CIS\cis-cat-full\misc
CIS\cis-cat-full\docs
CIS\cis-cat-centralized.bat
CIS\Java
CIS\Reports

Security Considerations
The CIS\Reports folder will contain reports that detail configuration related vulnerabilities for
each system evaluated by CIS-CAT. As such, Read, List folder Contents, Modify, and Write access to
the contents of this folder should be restricted. One way to accomplish this is to create a domain
user, CIS-CAT Domain User, that resides in the local administrators group on each target system.
Execute CIS-CAT under the context of this user. Restrict access to the CIS\Reports directory such
that only this new domain user, and appropriate personnel, can write to or read from this folder.
Write and Modify permissions to following the resources should also be limited to domain
administrators and security personnel:

CIS\cis-cat-centralized.bat
CIS\cis-cat-full
CIS\Java

Anyone with the ability to write to the above resources will be able to execute arbitrary commands
on target systems under the context of the CIS-CAT Domain User (local Administrator). Additionally,
Write, Modify, Read and Execute permissions on the above resources should be limited to the CISCAT Domain User.

Update cis-cat-centralized.bat
Once the CIS folder is setup on the CIS Hosting Server, a few modifications must be made to ciscat-centralized.bat:
SET NetworkShare=\\CisHostServer\CIS
SET JavaPath=Java\jre1.5.0_19
SET JavaPath64=Java64\jre1.5.0_19

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Replace CisHostServer with the fully qualified domain name or IP address of the CIS-CAT Host
Server. Replace jre_1.5.0_19 with version of Java installed in Step 4 under Create CIS Share on the
CIS Hosting Server.

Validate the Install

To test the setup, execute the following command from an elevated command prompt on one of
the target systems in the Workstation Group:
cmd.exe /c \\<CiSHostServer>\CIS\cis-cat-centralized.bat

If successful, the above command will result in the following output:

Configuring the Scheduled Task via Group Policy

Perform the following steps to create and assign a Group Policy that will cause target systems in the
Workstation Group to execute CIS-CAT via a Scheduled Task.
1. Run gpmc.msc to modify the group policy
2. Select a group policy that is already targeted towards the computers that CIS-CAT needs to
scan or create a new policy.
3. Right click and edit the policy then go to Computer Configuration -> Policies ->
Windows Settings -> Security Settings -> Restricted Groups then right click
and select Add Group. Select the group that has the user(s) that need to run CIS-CAT and
then specify administrators as the group the CIS-CAT group should be a member of.
Like the screen shot below:

35 | P a g e

4. Next create the scheduled task so go to Computer Configuration -> Preferences > Control Panel Settings -> Scheduled Tasks once there click on Action -> New
-> Scheduled Task (Windows Vista and Later). Fill in the name of the task set the
user who will be running the task and make sure Run with highest privileges is
checked. It should look similar to the below screen shot.

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Add in whatever scheduling is needed via the Triggers tab. Then go to the Actions tab click New
and specify the following settings:

Set the Action drop down to Start a program

Set Program/script to cmd.exe
Set Add arguments(optional) to the following value:

/c \\<CisHostServer>\CIS\cis-cat-centralized.bat

Once these steps are implemented, the New Action Dialog will look as follows:

CIS-CAT is now be scheduled to run on all computers that are associated with the group policy.
CIS-CAT reports will be stored \\<CisHostServer>\CIS\Reports. Using the CIS XML Reports, it
is possible to create a CIS-CAT Dashboard that provides a visual representation of your
environments configuration posture over time.

Bandwidth Considerations
Through the deployment and testing of the CIS-CAT Centralized workflow, bandwidth utilization
can reach approximately 300 MB of data for each machine invoking CIS-CAT. This bandwidth
utilization is the cost of invoking CIS-CAT over the network.

Benchmark Considerations
In order to successfully execute this workflow, the scheduled task created via Group Policy must be
allowed to store the credentials of the CIS-CAT Domain User created in previous steps. If any target
37 | P a g e

system is configured using CIS benchmarks, certain rules will need to be relaxed in order for these
credentials to be stored:
Benchmark
Windows XP
Windows 8
Windows Server 2003
Windows Server 2008
Windows Server 2012

Configuration Item
3.2.1.41: Network Access: Do not allow storage of credentials or .NET
passports for network authentication
1.1.3.10.11: Configure Network access: Do not allow storage of
passwords and credentials for network authentication
3.2.1.42: Network Access: Do not allow storage of credentials or .NET
passports for network authentication
1.9.39: Network Access: Do not allow storage of credentials or .NET
Passports for network authentication
1.1.3.11.1: Configure Network access: Do not allow storage of passwords
and credentials for network authentication

Using the CIS-CAT Dissolvable Agent

It is possible to assess a population of Microsoft Windows targets in an automated manner by
temporarily installing CIS-CAT and a compatible JRE on each target, executing the assessment,
uploading the generated reports, and finally removing CIS-CAT. Using this dissolvable agent
deployment pattern utilizes approximately 60MB of network bandwidth per target which,
depending on member network bandwidth, would significantly reduce the amount of network
traffic generated while running CIS-CAT. The following diagram depicts this deployment pattern,
which is very similar in its architecture to the centralized CIS-CAT deployment in the previous
section(s):

CIS Host Server

The CIS Host Server is where the CIS-CAT bundle (including a Java Runtime Environment), the
unzipping utility, and Reports are placed. Targets within the Workstations Group will access
these resources to perform a self-assessment using CIS-CAT.

38 | P a g e

Workstations Group
The Workstations Group represents a population of Microsoft Windows targets to be assessed with
CIS-CAT. The Domain Administrator will create Group Policy that causes devices in this group to
invoke CIS-CAT via a Scheduled Task.

Prerequisites
1. All targets must be joined to an Active Directory Domain
2. All targets must have read and write access to the CIS-CAT Share hosted off of the CIS Host
Server

Setup
Perform the following steps to cause the Workstations Group to execute the CIS-CAT instance on the
CIS Host Server.

Create CIS Share on the CIS Hosting Server

1. Create a shared folder on the CIS Host Server named CIS.
2. Unzip the full CIS-CAT bundle within the CIS folder on the CIS Host Server.
3. Create the following directory beneath the CIS folder on the CIS Host Server:
a. Reports
4. Share the CIS folder as CIS.
The resulting directory structure will be as follows:

CIS\cis-cat-dissolvable.bat
CIS\cis-cat-dissolvable.zip
CIS\unzip.exe
CIS\Reports

Security Considerations
The CIS\Reports folder will contain reports that detail configuration related vulnerabilities for
each system evaluated by CIS-CAT. As such, Read, List folder Contents, Modify, and Write access to
the contents of this folder should be restricted. One way to accomplish this is to create a domain
user, CIS-CAT Domain User, that resides in the local administrators group on each target system.
Execute CIS-CAT under the context of this user. Restrict access to the CIS\Reports directory such
that only this new domain user, and appropriate personnel, can write to or read from this folder.
Write and Modify permissions to following the resource should also be limited to domain
administrators and security personnel:

CIS\cis-cat-dissolvable.bat

Anyone with the ability to write to the above resources will be able to execute arbitrary commands
on target systems under the context of the CIS-CAT Domain User (local Administrator). Additionally,
Write, Modify, Read and Execute permissions on the above resources should be limited to the CISCAT Domain User.

39 | P a g e

Update cis-cat-dissolvable.bat
Once the CIS folder is setup on the CIS Hosting Server, a few modifications must be made to ciscat-dissolvable.bat:
SET RootDir=%TEMP%
SET NetworkShare=\\CisHostServer\CIS

The RootDir value should be set to a valid temporary directory into which the CIS-CAT files can be
copied. By default this is set to the %TEMP% environment variable. Any valid directory in which
the user executing the script has permissions, may be used. If the RootDir does not resolve to a
valid directory, the script will not execute. Replace CisHostServer with the fully qualified domain
name or IP address of the CIS-CAT Host Server.

Validate the Install

To test the setup, execute the following command from one of the target systems in the Workstation
Group:
cmd.exe /c \\<CisHostServer>\CIS\cis-cat-dissolvable.bat

If successful, the above command will result in the following output:

Configuring the Scheduled Task via Group Policy

Perform the following steps to create and assign a Group Policy that will cause target systems in the
Workstation Group to execute CIS-CAT via a Scheduled Task.
1. Run gpmc.msc to modify the group policy
40 | P a g e

2. Select a group policy that is already targeted towards the computers that CIS-CAT needs to
scan or create a new policy.
3. Right click and edit the policy then go to Computer Configuration -> Policies ->
Windows Settings -> Security Settings -> Restricted Groups then right click
and select Add Group. Select the group that has the user(s) that need to run CIS-CAT and
then specify administrators as the group the CIS-CAT group should be a member of.
Like the screen shot below:

4. Next create the scheduled task so go to Computer Configuration -> Preferences > Control Panel Settings -> Scheduled Tasks once there click on Action -> New
-> Scheduled Task (Windows Vista and Later). Fill in the name of the task set the
user who will be running the task and make sure Run with highest privileges is
checked. It should look similar to the below screen shot.

41 | P a g e

Add in whatever scheduling is needed via the Triggers tab. Then go to the Actions tab click New
and specify the following settings:

Set the Action drop down to Start a program

Set Program/script to cmd.exe
Set Add arguments(optional) to the following value:

/c \\<CisHostServer>\CIS\cis-cat-dissolvable.bat

Once these steps are implemented, the New Action Dialog will look as follows:

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CIS-CAT is now scheduled to run on all computers that are associated with the group policy.
CIS-CAT reports will be stored \\<CisHostServer>\CIS\Reports. Using the CIS XML Reports, it
is possible to create a CIS-CAT Dashboard that provides a visual representation of your
environments configuration posture over time.

Bandwidth Considerations
Through the deployment and testing of the CIS-CAT Dissolvable workflow, bandwidth utilization
can reach approximately 80 MB of data for each machine invoking CIS-CAT. This bandwidth is the
up-front cost of the network traffic involved in downloading the dissolvable bundle from the CIS
Host Server to each target machine.

Benchmark Considerations
In order to successfully execute this workflow, the scheduled task created via Group Policy must be
allowed to store the credentials of the CIS-CAT Domain User created in previous steps. If any target
system is configured using CIS benchmarks, certain rules will need to be relaxed in order for these
credentials to be stored:
Benchmark
Windows XP
Windows 8
Windows Server 2003
Windows Server 2008

Configuration Item
3.2.1.41: Network Access: Do not allow storage of credentials or .NET
passports for network authentication
1.1.3.10.11: Configure Network access: Do not allow storage of
passwords and credentials for network authentication
3.2.1.42: Network Access: Do not allow storage of credentials or .NET
passports for network authentication
1.9.39: Network Access: Do not allow storage of credentials or .NET
Passports for network authentication
43 | P a g e

Windows Server 2012

1.1.3.11.1: Configure Network access: Do not allow storage of passwords

and credentials for network authentication

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Using CIS-CAT with Database Benchmarks

Oracle Database Support
When using CIS Oracle Database benchmarks it is recommended you connect to the database
server with an account that has SYSDBA privileges. The reason for this is that some checks will
require these privileges. If it is not possible to connect to the database with SYSDBA privileges the
checks that do not have sufficient permissions will be marked with an error instead of pass or
fail.
To run CIS-CAT with SYSDBA privileges in the connection string use an account SYSDBA privileges
(i.e. sys) and then set the Connect as SYSDBA? parameter to true. It should look similar to the
below screen shot.

Once the parameters are set continue running the CIS-CAT scan like normal. Below is a description
of the parameters:
1. The ORACLE_HOME parameter corresponds with the Oracle Database server's
ORACLE_HOME environment variable. CISCAT will attempt to populate this value from the
environment. For more information on the ORACL_HOME variable, see

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http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11857_01/em.111/e12255/oui2_manage_oracle_homes.ht
m
a. The JDBC string parameter is the connection string used to connect to and
authenticate to the Oracle Database service and instance that CIS-CAT will assess.
The following components of the JDBC string must be changed in order for CISCAT
to successfully connect to the Oracle instance:
b. Credentials - "sys/password" must be replaced by a valid username and
password.
c. IP Address - the IP address must be updated to the IP address the Oracle server is
bound to.
d. TCP Port - Oracle is typically bound to port 1521/TCP. Confirm the Oracle server
you intend to assess is bound to this port. If not, update the JDBC string
accordingly.
e. Database SID - Replace "CIS" with the SID of the Oracle database instance you
intend to assess with CISCAT. For more information on SIDs, please see
http://asktom.oracle.com/pls/asktom/f?p=100:11:0::::P11_QUESTION_ID:31821
6852435
2. The Connect as SYSDBA parameter determines if CISCAT will connect to the Oracle
instance with the SYSDBA privilege. This is required for CISCAT to accurately assess
Oracle databases. Ensure this parameter is set to true. For more information on the AS
SYSDBA directive, see
http://asktom.oracle.com/pls/asktom/f?p=100:11:0::::P11_QUESTION_ID:61866277480
450.
3. The oracle owner account parameter refers to the Linux user that the Oracle service
was installed using. This user typically owns the file system resources associated with
the Oracle installation. I.e. "oracle".
4. The oracle owner account / group for windows files parameter refers to the
Windows principal that the Oracle service was installed as. I.e. "oracle".
5. The oracle owner group parameter refers to the Linux group that the Oracle service
was installed as. This group typically owns the file system resources associated with the
Oracle installation. I.e. "oinstall".
6. The oracle dba group parameter refers to the Linux group that Oracle DBAs belong to.
I.e "dba".
7. The oracle rsa group parameter refers to least privileged restricted service account
(RSA) that the Oracle service executes as. This parameter is only applicable to Oracle on
Windows.
8. The ORACLE_HTTPSERVER_HOME parameter corresponds with the Oracle Database
server's ORACLE_HTTPSERVER_HOME environment variable. CISCAT will attempt to
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populate this value from the environment. For more information on the ORACL_HOME
variable, see
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E10513_01/doc/install.310/e10496/db_install.htm

Further Database Support

Further database support is implemented in CIS-CAT using the OVAL sql57_test,
sql57_object, and sql57_state.
The OVAL sql57 constructs are used to check information stored in a database. Connection
information is supplied via a JDBC connection string and a query is supplied to retrieve the desired
information. Any valid SQL query is usable with one exception; ALL fields must be named in the
SELECT portion of the query. For example, SELECT column1, column2 FROM table is valid,
but SELECT * FROM table is NOT valid.
These OVAL constructs are supported in CIS-CAT content contained in XCCDF 1.2 benchmarks and
SCAP 1.2 data streams. See the Using CIS-CAT with SCAP Content section for more information.
The most common technical issue users will face when implementing CIS-CAT assessments of
database instances, is the construction of the JDBC connection string. Any valid JDBC URL supplied
for a given database vendor is supported, and some common formats/examples are provided in the
following sections. The following terminology and descriptions apply to the JDBC URL examples:
<hostname>
<port>
<instance>
<username>
<credential>
<property>
<value>

The hostname or IP address of the machine hosting the database instance.

The port number on which the database is listening.
The name of the database instance being connected to.
The database user.
The database users credentials/password.
- One of several properties which can be supplied in the JDBC URL
- The assigned value of a named <property>

Microsoft SQL Server Database Support

Microsoft SQL Server database support is implemented using the jTDS open source JDBC driver.
The jTDS driver provides support for SQL Server 6.5, 7, 2000, 2005, 2008, and 2012.
The format of the jTDS JDBC URL for MS SQL Server is:
jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://<hostname>[:<port>][/<instance>][;<property>=<value>]

Properties required for the database connection can be provided as <property>=<value> pairs,
separated by a semi-colon (;).
Consider a Microsoft SQL Server database instance with the following information:
Property Name
Property Value
Server Name
CIS-SERVER
Database Name
TestDB
Database Port
1433
Windows Domain
WIN-DOMAIN
Windows Domain User & Password
jsmith/qw3rty
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SQL Server Database User &

Password

db_user/db_pass

Windows Authentication Mode

Windows Authentication Mode allows a user to connect to a SQL Server instance through a
Microsoft Windows user account. This mode allows domain user account information to be
supplied in order to establish a connection. The following JDBC URL would be valid for establishing
a connection using the above example information:
jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://CIS-SERVER:1433;DatabaseName=TestDB;domain=WINDOMAIN;user=jsmith;password=qw3rty

SQL Server Authentication or Mixed Mode

SQL Server Authentication provides the ability for connections to a database instance to be made
using trusted username and password information, allowing SQL Server to perform the
authentication itself by checking to see if a SQL Server login account has been setup and if the
password matches one previously recorded for that user. The following JDBC URLs would be valid
for establishing a connection using the above example information:
jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://CIS-SERVER:1433/TestDB;user=db_user;password=db_pass
-orjdbc:jtds:sqlserver://CIS-SERVER:1433;DatabaseName=TestDB;user=jsmith;password=qw3rty

NOTES:
The default port number for MS SQL Server databases is 1433.
The full set of connection properties supported by jTDS can be found at
http://jtds.sourceforge.net/faq.html#urlFormat

Sybase Database Support

Sybase Adaptive Server Enterprise database support is implemented using the jTDS open source
JDBC driver. The jTDS driver provides support for Sybase Adaptive Server Enterprise 10, 11, 12,
and 15.
The format of the jTDS JDBC URL for Sybase is:
jdbc:jtds:sybase://<hostname>[:<port>][/<instance>][;<property>=<value>]

NOTES:
The default port number for Sybase databases is 7100
The full set of connection properties supported by jTDS can be found at
http://jtds.sourceforge.net/faq.html#urlFormat

CIS-CAT Report Customization

The CIS-CAT HTML report can be customized in the following ways:
Changing the reports cover page graphics, and
Modifying the styling of the report

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Replacing the Default Cover Page Graphics

Underneath the installation folder of the CIS-CAT bundle, there is a folder path named
custom/brand. It is into this folder that customized graphics may be stored for usage in
generated HTML reports.

Logo
The default logo is the Security Benchmarks graphic located in the top-right-hand corner of the
HTML report cover page. In order to utilize a custom image for the HTML report logo, place an
image named logo.gif into the custom/brand folder of the CIS-CAT installation.

Cover Page Main Graphic

The default cover page main graphic is the orange colored vertical bar on the left-hand side of the
first page of the HTML report. In order to utilize a custom image for the cover page main graphic,
place an image named cover_page_background.gif into the custom/brand folder of the CIS-CAT
installation.

Subtitle Graphic
The default subtitle graphic is the dark-grey colored horizontal image containing
a. The benchmark assessed,
b. The profile assessed, and
c. The date/time of the assessment which generated the HTML report
In order to utilize a custom image for the subtitle graphic, place an image named
cover_page_subtitle.gif into the custom/brand folder of the CIS-CAT installation.

Customizing the Report Styling

It is possible to modify the styling on the HTML reports generated by CIS-CAT. In order to
customize the styling, rename the report_template.css file to report.css; this file can be found
under the custom/brand folder of the CIS-CAT installation. By default, the following styles may be
changed:
body: The body element specifies the font type and the background of the report. To
change the background you would modify the rule background-color to either an RGB code
(i.e. #FFFFFF) or specify a valid CSS color name. To modify the font type, change the fontfamily value.
footerBar: The footerBar style specifies the look and feel of the orange-yellow bar at the
end of the CIS-CAT HTML report. To change the background color of the footer, modify the
background-color value to either an RGB code or valid CSS color name.
Valid CSS color names can be found at http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/css_colornames.asp.
Another useful resource is the color picker, located at
http://www.w3schools.com/tags/ref_colorpicker.asp.

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Using CIS-CAT with SCAP Content

The Center for Internet Security Configuration Assessment Tool (CIS-CAT) is built to support both
the consensus security configuration benchmarks distributed by The Center for Internet Security
and the configuration content distributed by NIST under the Security Content Automation
Protocol (SCAP) program, a U.S. government multi-agency initiative to enable automation and
standardization of technical security operations. Currently, XML provided by CIS is only available to
CIS members. CIS-CAT reads system configuration guidance documents written in eXtensible
Configuration Checklist Description Format (XCCDF) and Open Vulnerability and Assessment
Language (OVAL), processes the contents, and outputs system compliance reports in HTML, text,
and XML formats. The output XML is well-formed and valid XCCDF result documents containing
SCAP compliance information suitable for submission to NIST, as well as additional detailed
information useful for inspecting low-level evaluation check outcomes. The HTML output report
contains a summary table listing the compliance status of each item, a numeric compliance score for
each item and section, and a detailed report on each compliance item, including in most cases, the
desired settings and the setting found on the system. The text report contains the benchmark item
number, pass/fail results status, and the title of each item.

SCAP 1.0 Compatibility

CIS-CAT was previously a validated SCAP 1.0 FDCC Scanner, providing the capability to audit and
assess a target system to determine its compliance with FDCC requirements. To exercise this
capability, a user may download the SCAP 1.0 Contentusing OVAL version 5.3 resources from
the NIST NVD National Checklist Program repository, or any other source of SCAP 1.0 compliant
content, and perform assessments in exactly the same manner as that user would with any other
CIS benchmark.
As is required by the SCAP 1.1 specifications, CIS-CAT implements/adheres to the following
language/enumeration standards:
The eXtensible Configuration Checklist Description Format (XCCDF), version 1.1.4
The Open Vulnerability and Assessment Language (OVAL), version 5.3
The Common Configuration Enumeration (CCE), version 5
The Common Platform Enumeration (CPE), version 2.2
The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS), version 2

SCAP 1.1 Compatibility

CIS-CAT provides the capability to audit and assess a target system using content conforming to the
Security Content Automation Protocol, version 1.1 (SCAP 1.1). To exercise this capability, a user
may download the SCAP 1.1 Content resources from the NIST NVD National Checklist Program
repository, or any other source of SCAP 1.1 compliant content, and perform assessments in exactly
the same manner as that user would with any other CIS benchmark.
As is required by the SCAP 1.1 specifications, CIS-CAT implements/adheres to the following
language/enumeration standards:
The eXtensible Configuration Checklist Description Format (XCCDF), version 1.1.4
The Open Vulnerability and Assessment Language (OVAL), version 5.8
The Common Configuration Enumeration (CCE), version 5
The Common Platform Enumeration (CPE), version 2.2
The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS), version 2
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SCAP 1.2 Compatibility

CIS-CAT conforms to the specifications of the Security Content Automation Protocol, version 1.2
(SCAP 1.2), as outlined in NIST Special Publication (SP) 800-126 rev 2. As part of the SCAP 1.2
protocol, CIS-CATs assessment capabilities have been expanded to include the consumption of
source data stream collection XML files and the generation of well-formed SCAP result data streams.
To exercise this capability, a user may download the SCAP 1.2 Contentusing OVAL version 5.10
resources from the NIST NVD National Checklist Program repository, or any other source of SCAP
1.2 compliant content, and perform assessments in exactly the same manner as that user would
with any other CIS benchmark.
As is required by the SCAP 1.2 specifications, CIS-CAT implements/adheres to the following
language/enumeration standards:
The eXtensible Configuration Checklist Description Format (XCCDF), version 1.2
The Open Vulnerability and Assessment Language (OVAL), version 5.10.1
Asset Identification, version 1.1
Asset Reporting Format (ARF), version 1.1
The Trust Model for Security Automation Data (TMSAD), via XML digital signatures
The Common Configuration Enumeration (CCE), version 5.
The Common Platform Enumeration (CPE), version 2.3
The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS), version 2.0
The Common Configuration Scoring System (CCSS), version 1.0

Platform Applicability
CIS-CATs assessment capabilities have been validated as an Authenticated Configuration Scanner
(ACS), with CVE option on the following operating system platforms:
Microsoft Windows XP Professional with Service Pack 3
Microsoft Windows Vista with Service Pack 2
Microsoft Windows 7, 32-bit edition
Microsoft Windows 7, 64-bit edition
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Desktop, 32-bit edition
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Desktop, 64-bit edition

Standards Implemented in CIS-CAT

The following standards are implemented in CIS-CAT:

XCCDF Implementation
CIS-CATs capabilities include the ability to assess a target system based on rules defined using the
eXtensible Configuration Checklist Description Format (XCCDF), versions 1.1.4 and 1.2. XCCDF is
used throughout CIS-CAT as the required XML schema for benchmarks, as well as the checklist
definition schema within SCAP source data streams. This ensures that outside compliance
benchmarks/data streams, such as those provided by the NIST National Checklist Program, Federal
Desktop Core Configuration (FDCC), or the US Government Configuration Baseline (USGCB), can be
used alongside custom or CIS benchmarks. The XCCDF format specifies the required tests for one
or more profiles. At run-time, a user will be able to select any of the given profiles specified in a
XCCDF, and CIS-CAT will assess the configuration rules included in the selected profile. With CISCAT, an evaluation check can be specified in three ways:
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In-place, contained in the rule definition using CIS proprietary Embedded Check Language
(ECL),
Through a separate Open Vulnerability Assessment Language (OVAL) file, or
Through a reference to OVAL definitions contained in the same SCAP data stream.

The relevant descriptions, CCE IDs and other related artifacts entered in the XCCDF will be
preserved and included in the XML and HTML results produced by a CIS-CAT assessment.

OVAL Implementation
The Open Vulnerability and Assessment Language (OVAL) is used to identify
vulnerabilities and issues. Common examples of the use of OVAL files are:
the checking language referenced from a separate XCCDF file,
the checking language referenced from a checklist component of a
SCAP source data stream,
the checking language referenced from a CPE dictionary component of SCAP source data
stream
The OVAL component will contain the definitions, tests, as well as the state a target system is
expected to exhibit. When CIS-CAT encounters a reference to an OVAL definition, it parses the
specific OVAL components/files and uses those referenced definition identifiers to look up the
appropriate tests to be executed. Each OVAL definition may be comprised of one-to-many OVAL
tests; the results of which may be logically combined to enumerate an overall definition result. The
CIS-CAT evaluation engine is the controller for parsing the required tests, collecting the appropriate
system characteristics, evaluating the collected information against the expected state, and
recording the success, failure, or any error conditions of a given test. CIS-CAT supports components
specified using versions 5.3, 5.8, and 5.10.1 of the OVAL language.
CIS-CAT supports the following component schema and implements the indicated OVAL tests
within each:
Component Schema
Platform Independent Definitions

Implemented OVAL Tests

family_test
filehash_test
filehash58_test
environmentvariable_test
environmentvariable58_test
sql57_test
textfilecontent_test
textfilecontent54_test
unknown_test
variable_test
xmlfilecontent_test

Unix Definitions

file_test
inetd_test
password_test
process58_test
runlevel_test
shadow_test
uname_test
xinetd_test

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Linux Definitions

partition_test
rpminfo_test
selinuxboolean_test

Windows Definitions

accesstoken_test
auditeventpolicy_test
auditeventpolicysubcategories_test
cmdlet_test
file_test
fileauditedpermissions_test
fileauditedpermissions53_test
fileeffectiverights_test
fileeffectiverights53_test
group_test
group_sid_test
interface_test
lockoutpolicy_test
passwordpolicy_test
process58_test
registry_test
regkeyeffectiverights_test
regkeyeffectiverights53_test
service_test
serviceeffectiverights_test
sid_test
sid_sid_test
uac_test
user_test
user_sid_test
user_sid55_test
volume_test
wmi_test
wmi57_test
wuaupdatesearcher_test

Asset Identification Implementation

CIS-CAT supports the use of the Asset Identification (AI) standard. Utilizing the AI standard, CISCAT is capable of reporting the necessary information to uniquely identify assets based on known
identifiers and/or known information about the target systems being assessed.

Asset Reporting Format Implementation

CIS-CAT supports the use of the Asset Reporting Format (ARF) standard. ARF describes a data
model for expressing information about assets and the relationships between assets and reports.
When the CIS-CAT evaluation engine completes the assessment of a target system, users have the
option to generate an output XML report utilizing the ARF data model. The CIS-CAT ARF report will
contain component results (XCCDF, check results), information about the target asset (utilizing the
Asset Identification, or AI, data model described above), and the SCAP source data stream
collection.

Trust Model for Security Automation Data

CIS-CAT supports the leveraging of the Trust Model for Security Automation Data (TMSAD) through
its support of XML digital signatures on source data streams. A CIS-CAT assessment may be
performed against both signed and unsigned data streams, and supports the validation of XML
digital signatures through the vs command-line interface option. Using the vs option, source
data stream content containing invalid XML digital signatures, or lacking XML digital signatures
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altogether, will be rejected and assessment halted. Note that this is an optional command-line
option; digital signature validation will not be attempted by default.

Common Configuration Enumeration Implementation

CIS-CAT supports the use of the Common Configuration Enumeration (CCE) standard. CCE
identifiers uniquely distinguish entries within a dictionary of security-related software (mis-)
configuration issues. Source data stream collections and XCCDF benchmark documents may
contain CCE references, and such references will be manifest in output reports with the associated
benchmark item as links to the National Vulnerability Database (NVD) CCE database, providing an
convenient path to detailed information regarding a CCE-identified configuration issue. CCEs are
useful as a key to refer to the same configuration recommendation, regardless of its context or the
tool used for processing. While minor differences may be necessary depending on the context, it is
useful to keep track of the underlying configuration recommendation that is being processed by use
of this common configuration identifier for comparisons across multiple systems, for reporting
purposes, and for organizing security configuration guidance in a structured manner for efficient
data management.

Common Platform Enumeration Implementation

CIS-CAT supports the use of the Common Platform Enumeration (CPE) standard, versions 2.2 and
2.3. CPE is a structured naming scheme for information technology systems, platforms, and
applications that is similar to a URI. The advantage of using CPE is that it provides a standard
naming convention for Operating Systems and other applications. CIS-CAT implements support for
CPE name matching in XCCDF components of source data streams, as specified in section 4.3.1 of
NIST SP800-126r2 (SCAP 1.2 Technical Specifications). The CIS-CAT evaluation engine can
determine if particular XCCDF rules are applicable to the target platform, and is able to skip
evaluation of rules which are not applicable; indicating a status of Not Applicable.

Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures Implementation

CIS-CAT supports the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) standard. CVE allows users of
CIS-CAT to identify known security vulnerabilities and exposures, such as the presence of
unpatched software. CIS-CAT assumes that a CVE will be defined in the metadata section of an
OVAL definition. The CVE should be defined with a reference node and a source attribute of CVE.
There can be one or multiple CVE IDs for a given OVAL definition because one software patch or
issue may be associated with many vulnerabilities.

Common Vulnerability Scoring System Implementation

CIS-CAT provides support for the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS), version 2. CIS-CAT
supports a number of scoring mechanisms, including the Common Vulnerability Scoring System
(CVSS). CVSS is an industry standard for assessing the weight, or severity, of system security
vulnerabilities relative to other vulnerabilities. It is a means by which to establish a numeric value
to a security vulnerability, so that organizations can measure overall risk to its systems, and to
prioritize the correction of system vulnerabilities. The score is based on a series of vulnerability
attributes including: if the vulnerability can be exploited remotely; the complexity necessary for a
successful attack; if authentication is first necessary for a given exploit; if the vulnerability could
lead to unauthorized access to confidential data; whether or not system integrity could be damaged
via a given vulnerability; and whether or not system availability could be reduced via the
vulnerability. CVSS is an evolving standard.

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Common Configuration Scoring System Implementation

CIS-CAT provides support for the Common Configuration Scoring System (CCSS), version 1.
Whereas CVSS represents a scoring system for software flaw vulnerabilities, CCSS addresses
software security configuration issue vulnerabilitiesi. Per NIST SP800-126r2, CCSS data is not
directly useful in the same way as CVSS data. CCSS data needs to be considered in the context of
each organizations security policies and in the context of dependencies among vulnerabilities.ii
CIS-CAT supports CCSS scores when that score is used in the @weight attribute within XCCDF
rules.

Creating the CSV Report for FDCC

To create the CSV report for FDCC purposes, execute the FDCC assessment, export the results as
CSV, then open the file in Excel and remove all but the last two columns.
i
ii

http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistir/ir7502/nistir-7502_CCSS.pdf
http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-126-rev2/SP800-126r2.pdf

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