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Solution Tutorial - 1

This document provides solutions to three questions related to machine element design. Question 1 calculates the factor of safety for a ductile material under plane stress. Question 2 selects the diameter of a steel shaft transmitting power between pulleys, finding the built-in factor of safety is 5.5. Question 3 determines the pressure required to yield a material sample under triaxial stress in a pressurized chamber, showing Mises and maximum shear criteria give the same result.

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Akash Fury
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31 views

Solution Tutorial - 1

This document provides solutions to three questions related to machine element design. Question 1 calculates the factor of safety for a ductile material under plane stress. Question 2 selects the diameter of a steel shaft transmitting power between pulleys, finding the built-in factor of safety is 5.5. Question 3 determines the pressure required to yield a material sample under triaxial stress in a pressurized chamber, showing Mises and maximum shear criteria give the same result.

Uploaded by

Akash Fury
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TUTORIAL 1

Design of Machine Elements


ME 351 (12/01/17)
NOTE: Step marks are given on the right side of each step.

MM 28

Q 1.A ductile material has the properties S yt 420 MPa and S yc 525 MPa. Using the ductile
Coulomb-Mohr theory, determine the factor of safety for the state of plane stress:
x 168MPa, y 168 MPa, xy 105 MPa.
Sol. 1. With given state of stress, Principal stresses are: 1 0 , MPa, 2 63 MPa, 3 273
MPa.
[3]
Thus, factor of safety n
1 1 3
(See Eq. 5-26)
[2]

n 1.92 2.0 .
n S yt S yc
Q 2.A steel shaft supported in bearings at A and B and carrying pulleys at C and D, is to transmit
100 hp at 500 rpm from the drive pulley D to the offtake pulley C as shown in Fig. 1. The
following numerical data are given: P1 2P2 , Q1 2Q2 ,
RD 0.15 m, RC 0.20 m, l 1.2 m, a 0.30 m. The shaft is
made of SAE 1010 steel (CD, Table A-20). To account for
uncertainties in design factor of safety 4 is assumed. Select
available diameter from Table A-17. Using this diameter find the
factor of safety built into the design.

Sol. 2. Torque required to transmit 100 hp at 500 rpm is


2nT
(1hp =750 N-m/s=7500 kg-cm)
hp
T 14320 kg-cm=14.32 N-m.
7500 60
Then since T P1 P2 RD we find, with the given data,
P1 2 P2 1909 kg=190.9N. Similarly, T Q1 Q2 RC , from which
Q1 2Q2 1432 kg= 143.2 N.
[1]
Shaft undergoes bending both in the horizontal xz-plane and the vertical xy-plane. The
corresponding bending moment diagram are shown on
right:
We see here the maximum bending moment occurs either
at cross-section B or at cross-section C. The bending
moment at B is
M B P1 P2 a 85905 kg-cm.=85.905 N-m
At C, the bending moment in vertical plane is
Q Q2 l
M Cv 1
64440 kg-cm=64.440 N-m while
2
2
that in the horizontal plane is
P P2 l
M Ch 1
42953kg-cm.=42.953 N-m.
4
2

Vertical BM diagram and M Cv calculations:


h
C

Horizontal BM diagram and M calculations:

[2]

[3]

Adding these two bending moments vectorially we obtain M C M Ch M Cv


77445
kg-cm.=77.445 N-m.
[2]
Clearly Torque is same at both cross-sections and M C M B :so element on the right side of the
shaft at B is the critical element.
S yc
S yt
allow
150 / 4 37.5 MPa; Here S yc
150 MPa (Table A-20 for SAE 1010 steel
nd
2
(CD)).
[1]+[1]
16
2
Use d 3
[5]
M B T 2 : d 2.278 cm.
allow
From table A-17, d = 25 mm.
[1]
16
2
new
allow
3 M B T 2 28387.045 kg/cm2 =28.38 MPa. Factor of safety built into design is
d
S sy
ndnew new 5.28 5.5 .
[2]

allow

Q 3.A materials test is performed by pressurizing the chamber as shown


in Fig 2. The specimen is machined to have cross-sectional area A at the
ends and area kA in the test section ( 0 k 1 ). What is the stress state
in the test section when the pressure (above atmospheric) in the chamber
is p? Under atmospheric conditions, the material yields in simple tension
at Y 280 MN/m2. How large must be the pressure p be to produce
yielding? For this case, does it make any difference whether you use the
Mises or the maximum shear-stress criterion?

Sol. 3. Using equilibrium in x, y and z direction (see figure on right):


1 k
Fz 0 p A kA z kA 0 z p k ,
Fy 0 p Ay y Ay 0 y p ,

0 p Ax x Ax 0 x p .

These stresses are principal stresses.


Material has yield stress SY 280 MPa.
Mises criterion for principle axes:
1
x y 2 y z 2 z x 2 SY 2 p k SY .
2
2k 1
1
Max. shear-stress criterion: For k ; x y max , z min :
2
max min SY
k

p
; same as Mises criteria.
2
2
2k 1

[3]

[1]

[1]

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