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Advanced Mathematics Exercises: 9 de Septiembre de 2016

1. This document contains 12 problems involving differential equations. The problems cover classifying differential equations, verifying solutions, finding particular solutions that satisfy initial/boundary conditions, and modeling real-world scenarios like electric circuits and cooling objects using differential equations. 2. The document asks the reader to solve problems involving first and second order differential equations that are both linear and nonlinear. It includes both initial value and boundary value problems. 3. One problem asks the reader to write a differential equation of second order that has the family of circles x^2 + y^2 = c as its general solution. Another models the exponential discharge of a capacitor in an electric circuit using a first order differential equation.

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52 views

Advanced Mathematics Exercises: 9 de Septiembre de 2016

1. This document contains 12 problems involving differential equations. The problems cover classifying differential equations, verifying solutions, finding particular solutions that satisfy initial/boundary conditions, and modeling real-world scenarios like electric circuits and cooling objects using differential equations. 2. The document asks the reader to solve problems involving first and second order differential equations that are both linear and nonlinear. It includes both initial value and boundary value problems. 3. One problem asks the reader to write a differential equation of second order that has the family of circles x^2 + y^2 = c as its general solution. Another models the exponential discharge of a capacitor in an electric circuit using a first order differential equation.

Uploaded by

Raul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Advanced Mathematics exercises

9 de septiembre de 2016

1.

Introduction

1. Classify the following differential equations:


a) 3y 000 5y 00 + 45x2 = 0
b) (1/x)y 00 + yy 0 = sin (x)
3y
x3

c)

y
t

d)

d2 y
dt2

dy
dt

e)

2f
x2

2f
y 2

= exp (xy)
= cos (t)
= exp (xy)

f) (1 + x2 )y 0 = x
2. Verify that the given functions are solutions of the corresponding ordinary differential equations on the given intervals.
dy
a) y(x) = 2x3 ; x dx
= 3y; (, )
dy
b) y(x) = 2; dx
= x3 (y 2)2 ; (, )
dy
c) y(x) = ex x; dx
+ y 2 = e2x + (1 2x)ex + x2 1; (, )
dy
d) y(x) = 1x 3 dx
= y 2 ; (, 3)
2

d y
e) y(x) = sin (x) + 2 cos (x); dx
2 + y = 0; (1, +1)

f) y(x) = x; y 00 + y = x; (1, +1)


2

d y
g) y(x) = x2 x 1; x2 dx
2 = 2y; x6 = 0

3. Which of the following functions are solutions to the differential equation y 00 + 6y 0 + 9y = 0?


a) ex
b) e3x
c) xe3x
d) 4e3x
e) 2e3x + xe3x
4. Find values of r for which y(x) = erx is a solution to y 00 + 3y 0 + 2y = 0
en (, ).
5. Determine for each of the following situations the order of the differential equation, whether it is linear or nonlinear and whether it is an
initial-value problem.
a) 3y 00 + y = sin (x)
b) y 00 + sin (y) = 0; y(0) = 2
c) y (3) + (sin (x))y (2) + y = x; y(0) = 1; y 0 (0) = 0; y 00 (0) = 2
d) y 0 + ex y = y 4 ; y(0) = 0
6. Verify that 2y 2 x2 = c is a 1-parameter family of solutions of the
differential equation 2yy 0 = x. Then sketch the particular solutions
represented by c = 0 and c = 1.
7. Verify that the general solution satisfies the differential equation. Then
find the particular solution that satisfies the initial condition.
a) General solution: y = c1 + c2 log |x|; x > 0; ODE : xy 00 + y 0 = 0;
Initial Condition: y(1) = 5; y 0 (1) = 21
b) General solution: y = c1 x + c2 x3 ; ODE : x2 y 00 3xy 0 + 3y = 0;
Initial Condition: y(2) = 0; y 0 (2) = 4
8. Verify that the following functions, explicit or implicit, are solution of
their corresponding differential equation:
a) y = x2 + c,

y 0 = 2x

b) y = cx2 ,

xy 0 = 2y
2

c) y = c1 e2x + c2 e2x ,

y 00 4y = 0

d) y = c1 sin (2x) + c2 cos (2x),

y 00 + 4y = 0

e) x2 = 2y 2 log (y),

y 0 = xy/x2 + y 2

f) y + sin (y) = x,

(y cos (y) sin (y) + x)y 0 = y

9. for each of the following general solutions, find the particular solution
that satisfies the given initial condition or conditions:
a) y = cos (3x)

y(0) = 3

b) y = cey/x

y(1) = ln (2)

c) y = c1 sin (2x) + c2 cos (2x),

y(0) = 1, y 0 (0) = 2

d) y = c1 e2x + c2 e2x ,

y(0) = 1, y 0 (0) = 2

10. Write a differential equation of second order that has the family of
circles x2 + y 2 = c as a general solution.
11. Let us consider an electric circuit that consists on a capacitor of capacitance C charged with a charge Q, connected in series with a resistance
R and a switch, which is on. When you switch it off, a difference in
potential is generated on the sides of the resistance and, inmediatelly, the current starts flowing, and the charge of the capacitor starts
decreasing. The equation that describes the behaviour of this circuit is:
1
dq
+
q = 0,
dt RC
where q(t) denotes the charge of the capacitor as a function of time.
Show that q(t) ha an exponential behaviour. Give the time for which
the charge of the capacitor is 1/e 0,37 times the initial charge.
12. Let us suppose that a hot object gets colder at a rate proportional
to temperature drop between the body and the, colder, enviroment.
The object is heated to 110o C. Calculate the time necesary for the
object to cool down to 30o C. Consider that the proportionality constant
takes the value 1h1 , with 1h = 60min, being the room temperature
T m = 20o C. How long till the object is at room temperature?

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