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Example 4.5: R No. of Slices 8, B 1.5 M. C

This document provides an example calculation for determining the factor of safety (FS) of a retaining wall using the Swedish circle method and Bishop's simplified method. For a given retaining wall geometry, soil properties, and a trial circle, the document calculates the FS for two cases: 1) ru = 0 (no pore water pressure), giving a FS of 1.85, and 2) ru = 0.4, giving a FS of 1.21 using the Swedish method. It then reworks the example using Bishop's simplified method, iterating to a final FS of 1.34.

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50 views11 pages

Example 4.5: R No. of Slices 8, B 1.5 M. C

This document provides an example calculation for determining the factor of safety (FS) of a retaining wall using the Swedish circle method and Bishop's simplified method. For a given retaining wall geometry, soil properties, and a trial circle, the document calculates the FS for two cases: 1) ru = 0 (no pore water pressure), giving a FS of 1.85, and 2) ru = 0.4, giving a FS of 1.21 using the Swedish method. It then reworks the example using Bishop's simplified method, iterating to a final FS of 1.34.

Uploaded by

Anonymous AjjHGhcF3E
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EXAMPLE 4.

Given:
No. of slices = 8, b = 1.5 m.

R
B

c' = 10 kPa ' = 29

=18 kN/m

Required: FS for ru = 0 & 0.4.

H = 6m

x
SOLUTION 4.5
From the calculations in Example 4.3, we have:
R = 9.48 m, xD = 11.44 m, =85.90
The width of slice 8 = 11.44 7
1.5 = 0.94 m
Equation of the trial circle:

( x 2.5) + ( y 9.15) = R
2

Differentiating the above equation w.r.t. x,


gives:

dy
2( x 2.5) + 2( y 9.15)
=0
dx
dy
( x 2.5)
=
= tan
dx
( y 9.15)

For each slice average values of y, h and are


tabulated below:

Sample calculation for slice 6 is shown below:

Sample calculation:
Let x6 be the x coordinate at the mid point of the arc at
slice 6, then:

x6 = 5 1.5 + 1.5 = 8.25 m


2
Substituting to the equation of circle, we get:
Thus:

(8.25 2.5)

6 = tan
(1.6 9.15)
= 37.30
1

y 6 = 1.6 m

Find h:
For x x B = 9 :

h = xi tan s y av

h = 6 y av

For x > x B :

Find the y value at the middle of the base (not arc), yav, by
taking the average value of y at the middle of the base:
y
B

y av

s
xi
xiL
xiR

H=6 m

y iL

y iR

For x6L(x coordinate at the left side of the base):

x6 L = 5 1.5 = 7.5 m y 6 L =1.06 m


For x6R(x coordinate at the right side of the base):

x6 R = 6 1.5 = 9 m y 6 R = 2.24 m
Therefore

y 6 av = (1.06 + 2.24) / 2 = 1.66 m


1
h = 9
1.66 = 3.84 m
1. 5
Find the weight:

W6 = hb 1.0 = 18 3.84 1.5 1.0 = 103.68kN


6

Find the FS (Use Eqn. 4.25):


i =n

[(c' l + W (cos r

FS =

i =1

sec ) tan ' )]i

i =n

(W sin )

i =1

For uniform c:

c' l = c' l = c'


For ru = 0:

R
180

= 10

9.48 85.9
180

= 142.13

142.13 + 457.11 tan(29)


FS =
= 1.85
214.01

For ru = 0.4: FS =

142.13 + 209.55 tan(29)


= 1.21
214.01

4.6.3.2 Bishop Simplified Method


Assumption:

X1 = X 2
E1 E 2

x2

E1
x1

More accurate than Swedish method.


5 to 20% increase in FS

E2

= W N cos T sin = 0

c' l sin
W ul cos
FS
N' =
sin tan '
cos +
FS

c' b + W (1 ru ) tan '


FS = i = n

m
i =1
i
(
W
sin
)

i=n

i =1

sin tan '


m = cos +
FS
Nonlinear in FS, thus requires iteration.

EXAMPLE 4.6
Re-work Example 4.5 for ru = 0.4 using Bishops simplified Method.

A summary of the computations is tabulated above where three


iterations have been carried out. The initial value for FS was taken
as 1.2. For subsequent iterations, the initial value of FS is that
computed from the previous iteration. The final factor of safety for
the selected trial circle is 1.34.
10

11

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