Scribd
Upload
58 views4 pages

Networking Hardwares Handouts

Networking hardware includes devices that connect computers within a network and enable communication, such as network interface cards (NICs), hubs, switches, routers, bridges, and gateways. NICs contain ports that provide a physical connection from the computer to the network cable. Hubs connect multiple computers and allow them to communicate directly with each other. Switches operate similarly to hubs but can inspect data packets and forward them to the appropriate destination port. Routers interconnect similar networks, while bridges connect local networks that use the same protocol. Gateways are used to connect networks that use different protocols.

Uploaded by

ReymundMaltuEdra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
58 views4 pages

Networking Hardwares Handouts

Networking hardware includes devices that connect computers within a network and enable communication, such as network interface cards (NICs), hubs, switches, routers, bridges, and gateways. NICs contain ports that provide a physical connection from the computer to the network cable. Hubs connect multiple computers and allow them to communicate directly with each other. Switches operate similarly to hubs but can inspect data packets and forward them to the appropriate destination port. Routers interconnect similar networks, while bridges connect local networks that use the same protocol. Gateways are used to connect networks that use different protocols.

Uploaded by

ReymundMaltuEdra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

10/18/2010

What is Networking Hardware?


Networking hardware includes all computers,
peripherals, interface cards and other equipment
needed to perform data-processing and
communications within the network.

[Networking Hardwares]

[Maninder Kaur]
[email protected]
14/10/2010

Networking Hardware

www.eazynotes.com

Network Interface Cards

Network Interface Card

Network interface cards, commonly referred to as NICs, are used to


connect a PC to a network.

Hub

Repeater

The NIC provides a physical connection between the networking


cable and the computer's internal bus.

Different computers have different bus architectures; PCI bus


master slots are most commonly found on 486/Pentium PCs and
ISA expansion slots are commonly found on 386 and older PCs.

Bridge
Switch

NICs come in three basic varieties: 8-bit, 16-bit, and 32-bit. The
larger the number of bits that can be transferred to the NIC, the
faster the NIC can transfer data to the network cable.

Gateway

14/10/2010

www.eazynotes.com

14/10/2010

Network Interface Cards

www.eazynotes.com

Hubs
A hub joins multiple computers (or other network
devices) together to form a single network.
On this network, all computers can communicate
directly with each other.
The networking hub is a junction box with several
ports in the back for receiving the Ethernet cables
that are plugged into each computer on the LAN.

14/10/2010

www.eazynotes.com

14/10/2010

www.eazynotes.com

10/18/2010

Types of Hubs

Hubs

A passive hub serves simply as a passage for the data,


enabling it to go from one device to another.
Intelligent hub include additional features that enables
an administrator to monitor the traffic passing through
the hub and to configure each port in the hub.
Switching hub, actually reads the destination address
of each packet and then forwards the packet to the
correct port.
14/10/2010

www.eazynotes.com

14/10/2010

Repeater

www.eazynotes.com

Repeaters

Since a signal loses strength as it passes along a cable,


it is often necessary to boost the signal with a device
called a repeater.
A repeater is an electronic device that receives a signal,
cleans it of unnecessary noise, regenerates it, and
retransmits it at a higher power level so that the signal
can cover longer distances without degradation.
A good example of the use of repeaters would be in a
local area network using a star topology with
unshielded twisted-pair cabling.
14/10/2010

www.eazynotes.com

14/10/2010

Switch

www.eazynotes.com

10

Switch

A network switch is a small hardware device that joins multiple


computers together within one local area network (LAN).
Network switches appear nearly identical to network hubs, but a
switch generally contains more intelligence than a hub.
Unlike hubs, network switches are capable of inspecting data
packets as they are received, determining the source and
destination device of each packet, and forwarding them
appropriately.
Allow several users to send information over a network at the same
time without slowing each other down.

14/10/2010

www.eazynotes.com

11

14/10/2010

www.eazynotes.com

12

10/18/2010

Router

Router

A device to interconnect SIMILAR networks, e.g. similar


protocols and workstations and servers.
A router is an electronic device that interconnects two
or more computer networks, and selectively
interchanges packets of data between them.
Each data packet contains address information that a
router can use to determine if the source and
destination are on the same network, or if the data
packet must be transferred from one network to
another.
14/10/2010

www.eazynotes.com

13

14/10/2010

Bridge

Bridges come in three basic types:

The function of a bridge is to connect separate networks together.


Bridges connect different networks types (such as Ethernet and Fast
Ethernet) or networks of the same type.
Bridges map the Ethernet addresses of the nodes residing on each
network segment and allow only necessary traffic to pass through
the bridge. When a packet is received by the bridge, the bridge
determines the destination and source segments.

www.eazynotes.com

14

Types of Bridges

A bridge is a device that connects a local area network (LAN) to


another local area network that uses the same protocol (for
example, Ethernet or token ring).

14/10/2010

www.eazynotes.com

Local bridges: Directly connect local area networks


(LANs)
Remote bridges: Can be used to create a wide area
network (WAN) link between LANs. Remote bridges
have been replaced with routers.
Wireless bridges: Can be used to join LANs or connect
remote stations to LANs.

15

14/10/2010

Bridges

www.eazynotes.com

16

Gateway
Gateways are used to interconnect two different
networks having different protocols.
Networks using different protocols use different
addressing formats.
A gateway is a network point that acts as an
entrance to another network.
Gateways are also called protocol converters.

14/10/2010

www.eazynotes.com

17

14/10/2010

www.eazynotes.com

18

10/18/2010

Gateway

What is the difference?


Bridge: device to interconnect two LANs that use the
SAME logical link control protocol but may use
different medium access control protocols.
Router: device to interconnect SIMILAR networks, e.g.
similar protocols and workstations and servers.
Gateway: device to interconnect DISSIMILAR protocols
and servers, and Macintosh and IBM LANs and
equipment

14/10/2010

www.eazynotes.com

19

14/10/2010

www.eazynotes.com

20

You might also like